TY - BOOK ED - Hertrampf, Marina Ortrud M. T1 - Mater Genetrix BT - les images de la mère dans la littérature contemporaine d’expression française N2 - Que signifie être mère ? Les réponses à cette question ont varié fortement au cours des siècles, évoluant avec les paradigmes idéologiques et culturels qui sous-tendent le statut des femmes dans la société. La conception des femmes en tant que mères, leur rapport à la maternité sont étroitement liés à leurs possibilités sociales et matérielles d'auto-détermination, ainsi qu'à l'autonomie corporelle dont elles disposent ou pas. Au-delà de la dichotomie traditionnelle entre mère idéalisée par la religion ou le patriotisme et mère « monstrueuse » qui néglige, torture ou même tue ses enfants, les contributions réunies dans ce volume analysent un éventail contrasté de figures maternelles dans la littérature française et francophone des 20e et 21e siècles, et interroge les objectifs de leur mise en scène – de la défense de positions féministes à une confrontation d'ordre thérapeutique, voire narcissique, avec la mater genetrix. KW - Mutter KW - Stereotyp KW - Mythos KW - Literatur Y1 - 2024 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:101:1-2410221648369.521257990742 SN - 978-3-11-155875-2 PB - Walter der Gruyter CY - Berlin ER - TY - BOOK ED - Hertrampf, Marina Ortrud M. ED - Xie, Xiaomeng T1 - La littérature migratoire au féminin à l’interface entre l’«Orient» et l’«Occident» N2 - Ce volume collectif se questionne comment les contacts et les conflits entre l’« Orient » et l’« Occident » se reflètent dans les textes narratifs des femmes écrivains. Les contributrices examinent dans quelle mesure le fait d’être une femme donne lieu à différentes perceptions de soi et de l’autre, et dans quelle mesure les formes internes et externes d’orientalisme jouent un rôle à cet égard. Elles explorent dans quelle mesure les images de soi et de l’autre, les images orientales et occidentales des femmes et des rôles stéréotypés du genre entrent en contact ou en conflit dans ces textes, et quelles conséquences cela a sur l’identité des femmes dans l’entre-deux entre la culture d’origine et la culture d’accueil. Dans un post-orientalisme, si les problématiques culturelles, linguistiques, religieuses et idéologiques sont au centre de nos préoccupations, les autrices accordent également une attention particulière à la manière dont les femmes écrivains étudiées, elles-mêmes voyageuses et migrantes, transcendent la critique du colonialisme traditionnel, récréent et font comprendre un Orient dont l’image et la signification se renouvelle et se rafraîchit constamment. KW - Migrationsliteratur KW - Frauenliteratur KW - Orientalismus KW - Französisches Sprachgebiet KW - Migration (Motiv) KW - Post-Orientalismus KW - Okzidentalismus KW - Postokzidentalismus Y1 - 2025 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:101:1-2502181236153.867738041428 SN - 978-3-96091-646-8 VL - 2025 PB - Akademische Verlagsgemeinschaft München CY - München ER - TY - THES A1 - Luick, Karen T1 - Reisebegegnungen in Marokko BT - multiperspektivische Betrachtungen zeitgenössischer deutschsprachiger und französischer Reiseberichte N2 - Die Arbeit beleuchtet Marokko als Reiseziel für Individualreisende aus landeskundlicher und tourismusgeographischer Perspektive. Darauf aufbauend erfolgt eine Analyse der touristischen Praxis anhand von Begegnungsrepräsentationen in verschiedenen medialen Formaten von Reiseberichten, mit Fokus auf interkulturelle Begegnungen. Diese zeigen sich in ihrer Darstellung als vielfältig und differenziert. Durch eine multiperspektivische Betrachtung des Phänomens werden komplexe Spielarten interkultureller Begegnung in Bezug auf Darstellung, Pragmatik und Funktionalität herausgearbeitet. Y1 - 2025 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:739-opus4-16024 ER - TY - THES A1 - Julka, Sahib T1 - Towards Data Efficiency and Controllable Representations for Deep Learning in Resource-Constrained Domains N2 - The deployment of artificial intelligence (AI) in specialised domains such as planetary science and healthcare, as well as in low-resource NLP settings, faces two fundamental challenges: label scarcity and data scarcity. Label scarcity stems from the high cost of expert annotation, the scarcity of domain experts, and the infeasibility of crowdsourcing, particularly in complex tasks requiring specialised knowledge. In parallel, data scarcity stems from the inherent difficulty of acquiring sufficient raw data, whether due to limited observational opportunities, environmental and technical barriers, or stringent privacy constraints. Together, these limitations impede the broader adoption of AI in these fields. Many existing approaches to label efficiency, such as active learning, rely on problem-specific heuristics and often, as a design choice, employ naive uncertainty estimations—typically at the instance level. However, such methods can lead to redundant or suboptimal sample selection by ignoring structural data properties and failing to account for representational diversity. In practice, they often perform no better than random sampling. For data synthesis, generative models face their own set of challenges. Despite their promise for synthetic data generation, these models frequently lack mechanisms to disentangle generative factors at the representation level, limiting their controllability. Additionally, standardised evaluation metrics to assess the quality of disentanglement remain underdeveloped, limiting their practical utility. These limitations highlight the need for advancements in data-efficient machine learning and controllable generative modelling, focusing on domain-specific validity and rigorous evaluation. This thesis contributes to addressing these challenges by proposing tailored solutions in two key directions. First, for data-efficient learning, a deep active learning (DAL) framework is introduced to enhance label efficiency by prioritising the most informative samples for annotation. Unlike traditional per-sample approaches, this framework aggregates uncertainty across larger data segments—such as orbital intervals in planetary science—allowing it to capture contextual variations. This method reduces labelled data requirements by up to 90% in the case of boundary crossing detection at Mercury’s magnetosphere. To further improve sampling diversity, a GAN-based concept drift detection method is integrated into the DAL framework, leveraging uncertainty and diversity together to offer a sampling method that outperforms random sampling. Additionally, foundation models such as the Segment Anything Model (SAM) are employed for zero-shot annotation to generate high-quality pseudo-labels, which are subsequently used to train a domain-specific model via knowledge distillation. This approach significantly enhances data efficiency, reducing the need for annotated samples several times over in the tested scenario of image segmentation for geological mapping. Furthermore, large language models (LLMs) are explored as active annotators for linguistic tasks in low-resource languages, achieving near-baseline performance while reducing annotation costs by up to 40x. Second, the thesis investigates methods to induce controllability in generative models, enabling the production of high-fidelity, controllable synthetic data. Conditional generative adversarial networks (CGANs) and disentangled representation learning techniques (DRL) are explored, particularly in the context of pedestrian trajectory prediction in the mobility domain, where controlled synthesis of diverse motion patterns is critical. Additionally, the work examines existing metrics for evaluating disentanglement and identifies critical limitations in them. A novel metric, the Exclusivity Disentanglement Index (EDI), is proposed as an improved standardised measure. Based on the principle of exclusivity in factor-code relationships, this metric offers advantages over existing alternatives in terms of efficiency and robustness. By advancing data-efficient learning and controllable generation strategies, this thesis aims to bridge the gap between AI’s vast potential and its practical adoption in resource-constrained environments. These contributions pave the way for transformative applications in planetary science, healthcare, and beyond, where label and data scarcity have long been barriers to progress. KW - artificial intelligence KW - deep active learning KW - label scarcity KW - data scarcity Y1 - 2025 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:739-opus4-16030 ER - TY - THES A1 - Baak, Werner T1 - Advanced Ordered Weighted Averaging Methods in Robust Optimization N2 - In decision-making under uncertainty, robust optimization is a critical tool across various fields, providing solutions that perform effectively across a range of scenarios where precise probabilities are unavailable or unreliable. Traditional approaches, such as min-max and min-max regret, focus on minimizing the worst-case outcomes and worst-case regret, respectively, often resulting in highly conservative solutions. To address this limitation, this dissertation investigates the Ordered Weighted Averaging (OWA) operator, which offers a flexible framework for aggregating outcomes according to varying risk preferences, from risk-averse to risk-neutral, encompassing traditional robust approaches as special cases. This work is organized around three primary contributions that expand the application and understanding of OWA in robust optimization. The first contribution develops a preference elicitation framework for OWA weights, enabling decision-makers to derive weighting schemes based on observed historical decisions, thereby aligning aggregation strategies with specific risk attitudes. The second contribution introduces a novel variant of OWA for robust optimization, integrating OWA into a regret minimization framework to generalize both robust min-max and min-max regret approaches. This model is complemented by new complexity results, including insights into the inapproximability and approximability of OWA regret, providing stronger approximation bounds that asymptotically improve on previously established results for classic OWA models. These advancements position the OWA regret model as a powerful alternative to min-max regret, offering a more adaptable approach to risk-sensitive decision-making. The third contribution addresses interval uncertainty, extending the OWA framework to scenarios where outcomes are represented as bounded intervals instead of discrete points. This interval-based OWA model accommodates real-world decision-making needs, where scenario data are uncertain or costly to specify. By using Value-at-Risk (VaR) in our definition, we provide a natural way to handle continuous ranges of uncertainty while maintaining computational tractability for large-scale problems. Together, these contributions advance both the theoretical and practical applications of OWA in decision making, establishing OWA-based methods as versatile tools for addressing complex uncertainties across a variety of decision-making environments. KW - decision-making KW - uncertainty KW - risk Y1 - 2025 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:739-opus4-15879 ER - TY - THES A1 - Wilhelm, Sebastian T1 - Emergency Detection in Private Households Utilizing Existing Data Sources for Human Activity Event Recognition N2 - In an aging society, the need for efficient emergency detection systems in smart homes is becoming increasingly important. Over 30% of those aged 65 and older experience at least one fall per year, often resulting in the inability to rise without assistance, leading to ‘long lies’ lasting hours or even days. Systems for detecting such emergency events usually rely on wearable sensors or specific installations of ambient sensors, which can be intrusive and complex, hindering acceptance. This thesis proposes a novel approach that utilizes existing digital data sources within the residential infrastructure to detect human activities and identify potential emergencies. A survey identifies 44 potential data sources in private households for recognizing human activity. However, extracting activity information often requires complex preprocessing. In this thesis, methodologies are developed for three of these data sources to highlight practical applications: Smart Power Meters, Smart Water Meters, and Home Weather Stations. It is shown that detecting human activities using these sources is feasible in a practical environment, although accuracy and reliability vary. Notably, Smart Water Meters demonstrate high reliability, with a precision of 0.86 and a recall of 1.00, making them particularly suitable for emergency detection. Existing emergency detection methods are not designed to handle uncertain activity data. This thesis introduces a novel approach based on probabilistic activity information, employing an Inactivity Score that provides a probabilistic weighting of inactivity periods based on the reliability of sensor measurements. By analyzing historical Inactivity Scores, anomalies that potentially represent an emergency can be identified. Evaluations across seven datasets show this approach outperforms existing methods, achieving a mean time to detect emergencies of approximately 05:23:28 hours and producing 0.09 false positives per day under noise-free conditions. Moreover, unlike related approaches, the proposed method remains effective with noisy data. This thesis demonstrates that emergencies in private households can be detected using existing data sources from the home infrastructure, offering a cost-effective and non-intrusive solution to enhance the safety and autonomy of the elderly at home. Y1 - 2025 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:739-opus4-15992 ER - TY - THES A1 - Stoffels, Dominik T1 - Advancing Pattern Detection, Theory Development and Decision Making with Explainable AI N2 - The application of explainable artificial intelligence (XAI) methods in data-driven decision-making and computationally intensive theory development (CTD) is a subject of ongoing debate, particularly concerning how and whether these methods can be effectively employed, and how the reliability of their explanations can be ensured. This dissertation addresses these issues by systematically analyzing the usability of XAI for pattern detection, CTD, and decision-making, drawing on various real-world and synthetic datasets and employing different empirical methods and perspectives. The dissertation consists of four studies, each addressing distinct issues in the field of XAI application. KW - Explainable Artificial Intelligence KW - Machine Learning KW - Computationally Intensive Theory Development Y1 - 2025 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:739-opus4-15975 ER - TY - THES A1 - Kravets-Meinke, Daria T1 - Search Engines and Foreign Influence: How Google and Yandex Mediate Russia’s Propaganda Abroad N2 - This cumulative dissertation examined how the US-based Google and Russia-based Yandex mediate the propaganda efforts of Russia’s ruling elites abroad on a case study of Belarus. The findings presented here contribute to a nuanced understanding of how algorithmic gatekeepers, particularly search engines, can be strategically appropriated or manipulated to reinforce and export state narratives beyond national borders. The main conclusion of this dissertation is that both Yandex and Google, albeit through different mechanisms and to varying extents, can serve as mediators of Russia’s propaganda efforts abroad. KW - search engines KW - Russia KW - propaganda Y1 - 2025 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:739-opus4-15953 ER - TY - JOUR ED - Rottgeri, André ED - Koch, Günter T1 - Populäre Artikulationen - Artikulationen des Populären N2 - Zuerst erschienen auf: https://www.kultursemiotik.com/forschung/publikationen/schriftenreihe-online/ Inhalt Vorwort: Populäres und Artikulationen – ein Überblick 11. Jahrestagung der AG Populärkultur und Medien in der Gesellschaft für Medienwissenschaft (GfM) André Rottgeri, Günter Koch I. Populäre Artikulationen – Artikulationen des Populären Kulturwissenschaftliche Anmerkungen aus der Perspektive der Populären Kultur Barbara Hornberger Populäre Artikulationen – Artikulationen des Populären Sprachwissenschaftliche Perspektiven Rüdiger Harnisch II. Musikalische Artikulationen – Popular Music Studies Populäre Musik & Artikulationen Entwurf einer Typologie am Beispiel von Joe Satriani André Rottgeri Between Salvador and the Recôncavo baiano Value disputes stemming from the rock bands Cascadura and Escola Pública Jorge Cardoso Filho Emphatische Dehnungen und sprechende Pausen Über rhythmische Artikulationsmuster deutschsprachiger Songtexte am Beispiel der Wise Guys Johannes Odendahl Von der Berliner Mauer nach Moskau und Lateinamerika Wind of Change von den Scorpions auf Russisch und Spanisch Christina Richter-Ibáñez III. Text- und Bild-Artikulationen – Literaturwissenschaft und Mediensemiotik Wertevermittlung in Online-Storytelling-Werbespots der Firma Edeka Dennis Gräf Dekonstruktion eines historischen Mythos in Sofia Coppolas MARIE ANTOINETTE (2006) Oliver Seidel Zwischen Pille & Minirock Feminismus und Sexismus als populäre Konzepte der Zeitschrift konkret der 1960er Jahre Alix Michell Artikulation als Verrat? Rotwelsch und die Verweigerung der Übersetzbarkeit in Zeena Parkins’ Mouth=Maul=Betrayer Benedikt Wolf In Likes We Trust oder die unmögliche Möglichkeit vom Like als Gabe zu sprechen Christian Schulz Papst und Populus im Hochmittelalter Papsturkunden als Artikulationen des päpstlichen Universalprimats Daniel Berger/André Rottgeri IV. Sprachliche Artikulationen – Sprachwissenschaft Verhörer in der Popmusik Franz Josef Bauer WER WIRD MILLIONÄR? Das Sprachspiel als populärer Einstieg in den Wissenswettbewerb Günter Koch Die Autorinnen und Autoren T3 - Schriften zur Kultur- und Mediensemiotik | Online - 11 KW - Populärkultur KW - Sprachwissenschaft KW - Popular Music Studies Y1 - 2025 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:739-opus4-15940 VL - 2025 IS - 11 ER - TY - THES A1 - Hasenpflug, Mareike T1 - Slice sampling on Riemannian manifolds N2 - This thesis is concerned with hybrid slice samplers for approximate sampling of distributions on Riemannian manifolds. First for distributions on the Euclidean unit sphere, and then for distributions on general Riemannian manifolds we introduce a geodesic-based hybrid slice sampler, called geodesic slice sampler. Under mild regularity assumptions, we establish reversibility with respect to the target distribution for this sampler and positive semi-definiteness of the corresponding operator. Moreover, on compact Riemannian manifolds we show uniform ergodicity with explicit constants for the geodesic slice sampler if the target distribution has a bounded density with respect to the Riemannian measure. As an important building block of this sampler, we provide an explicit expression for the shrinkage procedure proposed in (Neal, 2003) in terms of a Markov kernel. We establish that this kernel is reversible with respect to the uniform distribution on the target set and that its corresponding operator is positive semi-definite. Beyond the geodesic slice sampler, we apply these results also to elliptical slice sampling (Murray, Adams, MacKay, 2010) to obtain a proof for its reversibility with respect to the target distribution and positive semi-definiteness of the corresponding operator. KW - Markov chain Monte Carlo KW - Slice sampling KW - Riemannian manifolds Y1 - 2025 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:739-opus4-15903 ER - TY - THES A1 - Prakash, Jyoti T1 - Static Analyses of Interlanguage Interoperations N2 - Software Developers are moving towards a multilingual development where they combine two languages in a single application to harness the strengths of each language. For example, performance-critical components of a Java application can be implemented in C language. It provides flexibility, at the same time, it becomes difficult to statically analyze these applications. The amalgamation of two languages in a single application may introduce bugs ranging from type-mismatch to security vulnerabilities. Therefore, it is necessary to develop static analysis techniques to aid developers in multilingual development. In this thesis, we develop techniques to study and analyze these applications. In the first part of the thesis, we study the prevalence of security and privacy vulnerabilities in hybrid apps. Hybrid apps are Android apps that combine both Java and Javascript components, where the Android part is secured (on the device), while the JavaScript part is exposed to web. Additionally, some of the Java functions are available to JavaScript component through an interface called as bridge interface. In the pursuit of the goal, we adopt a static backtracking of data dependencies to determine the flow of information from the android component to the web component. Our study revealed the potential sources of unsoundness in the existing static analyses. Static backtracing also induces imprecision in the analysis, i.e., there might be some flows that are not possible during runtime albeit are reported by the analysis. These were mitigated through a manual verification. This work reveals that the android-web hybridization can lead to (potential) vulnerabilities that might impact the confidentiality as well as the integrity properties of these apps. From the communication patterns occurring in Android WebView, we noticed that its is feasible for an attacker to jeopardize the integrity of apps by corrupting some value, say an input on the web through bridge interfaces. Motivated by this, we define a information flow analysis of the bridge interfaces and the associated data flows in hybrid apps. In the first step, we propose a novel threat model where we model the attacker as someone who wants to influence the behavior of android app as an integrity violation. Based on this threat model, we then propose a demand-driven analysis technique to detect confidentiality and integrity violations. Our analysis leverages, a demand-driven technique, where it only analyzes the relevant part of app for the information flow analysis with the help of function summaries --- escaping the need of a whole-program analysis. In the second part of the thesis, we generalize the approach to static analysis of multilingual applications. To this end, we investigate into the question of combining existing single language analyses to analyze multilingual programs. To provide an affirmative answer, we define an analysis to leverage single language analyses for call-graph and pointer analysis of multilingual programs. Our analysis takes two existing unilingual analyses and analyzes the complete multilingual program. It uses a novel summary specialization technique that resolves the information flows at the bridge interfaces by utilizing independent pre-analyses (modulo foreign function interfaces) of each language component. We apply this technique to analyze Android-NDK and GraalVM Java-Python multilingual applications for generating call-graphs. In summary, we have developed novel techniques for information flow and call-graph analysis for multilingual programs. With this, we motivate the need of static analyses for multilingual applications and its applications which includes, vulnerability detection, program understanding, amongst others. Y1 - 2025 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:739-opus4-15736 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Meißner, Annekatrin ED - Henkel, Anna T1 - Wirtschaftsethik : Globale Mitverantwortung für ungerechte Folgen des Marktsystems am Beispiel der Umweltverschmutzung der Lagune Mar Menor (Spanien) T2 - 10 Minuten Soziologie : Verantwortung N2 - "Aus Perspektive der Wirtschaftethik wird deutlich, dass ein reines Verursacherverständnis und darauf basierendes Haftbarkeitsmodell angesichts globaler Wirtschaftsprozesse eine Weiterverschiebung von Verantwortung für Umweltschäden mit sich bringt. Dem gegenüber ist das Konzept globaler Mitverantwortung geeignet, Verantwortungsfragen umfassend zu analysieren und solchen Defiziten zu begegnen. Am Fall der Lagune Mar Menor wird gezeigt, wie globale Mitverantwortung im Kontext globaler Machtstrukturen Handlungsoptionen eröffnet." (Aus der Einleitung zu Henkel, Anna; 10 Minuten Soziologie : Verantwortung; transcipt Bielefeld 2021, S. 151, doi.org/10.1515/9783839451120-001) KW - Verantwortungsverschiebung KW - Verursacherverständnis KW - soziale Verbundenheit KW - Haftbarkeit KW - kollektive Handlung Y1 - 2021 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:739-opus4-15887 SP - 137 EP - 150 PB - transcipt CY - Bielefeld ER - TY - INPR A1 - Compaore, Georges A1 - Dabire, Bonayi Hubert A1 - Sangli, Gabriel A1 - Azianu, Komi Ameko A1 - Minoungou, Abdoul Kader A1 - Zoma, Vincent T1 - Analysis of the practices, structures and processes of translocal mobility systems in Burkina Faso BT - key findings from the MiTra|WA survey N2 - This report presents the results of the project “Migration and Translocality in West Africa (MiTra|WA)” with reference to translocal practices in Burkina Faso. Funded by the German Federal Ministry of Education and Research, the study ran from 2022 to 2024. The general objective of the project is to analyse the multiple links between the rural areas of departure and urban reception of migrants as well as the impacts on the development of these localities. The study employs a mixed-methods approach, combining quantitative and qualitative research methods. The quantitative component consisted of two types of surveys. First, a household survey in the migrants' area of origin (AoO) to identify the migrants’ belonging to these households. In the second phase, a telephone survey was conducted among migrants in the destination areas (AoD). Then, the focus was on socio-economic data as well as translocal interactions and network relationships. The qualitative component consisted of in-depth interviews with key actors in the different areas of departure and destination of migrants. These include migrants, local administrative officials, leaders of NGOs, associations, community and religious leaders. The results show that migration is a phenomenon experienced by many households in rural areas. There are as many internal migrants as there are international migrants. Of the 537 households surveyed, 405 (75.4%) have at least one migrant. The age structure of migrants shows a predominantly young structure of migrants (82% who are under 40 years old). According to gender, migration is strongly male-dominated (82%). Men are more inclined to international migration (56%). Female migration is precocious. A large proportion of migrants (41%) have no level of education and are mostly single (50%). Translocality, conceptualized in this study as the multifaceted links between the places of departure, transit and residence of migrants, is apprehended through telephone contacts between migrants and their place of origin, in addition to the different forms of mobility: mobility of people, financial resources (remittances), material resources (transfers in kind), intangible resources (ideas, practices, etc.). Exchanges are often bidirectional. Telephone contacts represent 86% of migrants. Migrants visit the household in the area of origin more frequently (41.8%) than they receive household members at their destination (33.9%). More than 66.6% of migrants transfer remittances to their households in rural areas. With regard to the 4-level translocality intensity indicator (Wehner 2022), it can be concluded that over 50% of migrants are located at the two highest levels. Hence, translocality is an important feature of rural-urban migration in Burkina Faso. T3 - Migration, translocality and development in times of climate change. Mitra|WA Working Paper Series - 6 KW - migration KW - translocality KW - translocal practices KW - Burkina Faso Y1 - 2025 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:739-opus4-15862 IS - 6 ER - TY - THES A1 - Still, Enid T1 - Affective Roots: Memory, emotions and viscerality within organic agri-food networks in Tamil Nadu, India N2 - For activists I met in Chennai, the capital city of Tamil Nadu in India, organic food and farming was a ‘way of life’. Stemming from my curiosity about this statement and what it meant for different actors in the regional organic agri-food networks, this research explores the interconnected lives and livelihoods of organic farmers and activists in Tamil Nadu. To engage with the social dynamics of these agri-food networks, the research focuses in on the role of the affective, feeling body. The emphasis on affect emerged in the form of memories, emotions and visceral experience, from empirical data collected between 2020 and 2022. And as the thesis demonstrates, affective dimensions, or what moves people, are important because, unlike economic, statistical or structural perspectives, they make visible the ways different actors feel socio-ecological change. Adopting the lens of Feminist Political Ecology and drawing on the fields of historical anthropology and feminist ethics, this thesis highlights: (1) the enduring nature of epistemic injustice within agri-food relations, (2) how social boundaries are built, maintained and remade through affective encounters, circumscribing what I call the ‘affective roots’ of socio-ecological change and (3) how ambiguous affective relations co-constitute organic agri-food networks, shaping anxious environmental subjectivities, that stem from socially mediated encounters with agro-chemicals, the market, the landscape and the other. Deepening our understanding of socio-ecological and agrarian change through empirical inquiry into how people feel matters, I argue, because it sheds light on injustices that are often concealed beneath the clouds of crisis. KW - Affect KW - Organic Agriculture KW - Tamil Nadu KW - Feminist Political Ecology KW - Epistemic injustice Y1 - 2025 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:739-opus4-15838 ER - TY - THES A1 - Jakob, Dietmar Friedrich T1 - Teilhabegerechtigkeit bei der digitalen Inklusion älterer Erwachsener: Eine Potenzialanalyse von Sprachassistenten T1 - Equity of participation in digital inclusion of older adults: A potential analysis of voice assistants N2 - This cumulative dissertation delves into the complexities and opportunities surrounding older adults’ adoption and use of Voice Assistants (VAs), focusing on digital participation equity from theologic-ethical and social perspectives. Through an extensive series of methodologically diverse studies—including systematic literature reviews, laboratory experiments, surveys, and field studies—the research aims to uncover how older adults perceive, interact with, and are impacted by technologies, such as the particular model “Amazon Echo Show 10, 3rd generation with integrated voice interface ALEXA”. The investigation also seeks to pinpoint the obstacles that impede the adoption of these technologies among this demographic. The research initially demonstrates that older adults can recognize the utility of VAs in various applications, including information retrieval, entertainment, and health management. The findings underscore the importance of these devices in enhancing the quality of life by providing easier access to essential services and facilitating social interaction, even among those who may be physically isolated. However, the dissertation identifies significant concerns among older adults regarding privacy and data security, influencing their willingness to embrace VAs. The devices’ complexity and occasional interaction difficulties—such as command formulation and speech recognition issues—further challenge their usability for this group. A notable and unique aspect of the study is the anthropomorphization of devices by some older adults. This behavior, where users attribute human-like characteristics or emotional connections to VAs, suggests deeper psychological and social dimensions in the user-technology relationship. This phenomenon is examined to understand its implications for technology acceptance and the potential for these devices to mitigate feelings of loneliness and social isolation. In summary, this dissertation provides practical recommendations for enhancing the design, communication, and functionality of VAs to better cater to the needs and preferences of older adults. It underscores the importance of technology development that respects the dignity and autonomy of older individuals, ensuring their digital participation and equity. The work advocates for a comprehensive approach that integrates ethical considerations into technology design and dissemination, thereby promoting a framework that supports the full inclusion of older adults in the digital world. N2 - Diese kumulative Dissertation untersucht die Komplexität und die Möglichkeiten, die mit der Annahme und Nutzung von Sprachassistenten durch ältere Erwachsene verbunden sind, und konzentriert sich auf die digitale Teilhabegerechtigkeit aus theologisch-ethischer und sozialer Sicht. Durch eine umfangreiche Reihe methodisch unterschiedlicher Studien - darunter systematische Literaturauswertungen, Laborexperimente, Umfragen und Feldstudien - zielt diese Forschung darauf ab herauszufinden, wie ältere Erwachsene Technologien wie kommerzielle Sprachassistenten, wie z. B. das spezielle Modell "Amazon Echo Show 10, 3. Generation mit integriertem Sprachinterface Alexa" wahrnehmen, mit ihnen interagieren und von ihnen beeinflusst werden. Die Untersuchung versucht auch, die Hindernisse aufzuzeigen, die die Annahme dieser Technologien in dieser Bevölkerungsgruppe behindern und geht auch auf Tendenzen von Antropomorphisierung der Geräte ein. Die Untersuchung zeigt zunächst, dass ältere Erwachsene den Nutzen von Sprachassistenten in verschiedenen Anwendungen erkennen können, darunter für die Informationsbeschaffung, Unterhaltung und das Gesundheitsmanagement. Die Ergebnisse unterstreichen die Bedeutung dieser Geräte für die Verbesserung der Lebensqualität, indem sie den Zugang zu wichtigen Dienstleistungen erleichtern und die soziale Interaktion fördern, selbst bei Personen, die körperlich isoliert sind. Die Dissertation zeigt jedoch auch, dass ältere Menschen Bedenken hinsichtlich des Schutzes der Privatsphäre und der Datensicherheit haben, was ihre Bereitschaft, Sprachassistenten zu nutzen, deutlich beeinflusst. Die Komplexität der Geräte und gelegentliche Schwierigkeiten bei der Interaktion - wie etwa Probleme bei der Befehlsformulierung und der Spracherkennung - stellen eine weitere Herausforderung für die Benutzerfreundlichkeit dieser Gruppe dar. Ein bemerkenswerter und einzigartiger Aspekt der Studie ist die Anthropomorphisierung der Geräte durch einige ältere Erwachsene. Dieses Verhalten, bei dem die Benutzer Sprachassistenten menschenähnliche Eigenschaften oder emotionale Verbindungen zuschreiben, deutet auf tiefere psychologische und soziale Dimensionen in der Beziehung zwischen Benutzer und Technologie hin. Dieses Phänomen wird untersucht, um seine Auswirkungen auf die Technologieakzeptanz und das Potenzial dieser Geräte, Gefühle von Einsamkeit und sozialer Isolation zu mildern, zu verstehen. Abschließend bietet die Dissertation gezielte Empfehlungen zur Verbesserung von Design, Kommunikation und Funktionalität von Sprachassistenten, um den Bedürfnissen und Vorlieben älterer Menschen besser gerecht zu werden. Sie unterstreicht die Notwendigkeit einer Technologieentwicklung, die die Würde und Autonomie älterer Menschen in den Vordergrund stellt und ihre digitale Teilhabe und Gleichberechtigung gewährleistet. Die Arbeit fordert einen ganzheitlichen Ansatz, der ethische Überlegungen in die Entwicklung und Verbreitung von Technologien einbezieht, und setzt sich für einen Rahmen ein, der die vollständige Einbeziehung älterer Menschen in die digitale Welt unterstützt. KW - Human Computer Interation KW - Voice Assistants KW - Older Adults KW - Digital Equity Y1 - 2025 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:739-opus4-15849 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Hidalgo, Oliver Fernando T1 - The antinomian framework of Western and non-Western democracies — from theory to application JF - Frontiers in Political Science N2 - This article argues in favour of broadening the classical paradigm of democracy that historically emerged in the West. Without disregarding the undiminished significance of the idea of liberal democracy and its deep commitment to universal human rights, the necessity of a new accentuation of the concept of democracy is accepted in view of the observable democratic processes in non-Western societies. This should help to avoid both the blind spots of Eurocentrism and the misperception of countries as democracies that are merely masking their authoritarian or despotic character. The result is a theory of popular sovereignty that seeks to grasp and combine Western and non-Western conceptions of democracy in a balanced way and is based on a genealogical and comparative perspective of the history of political ideas in the global North and South. In a second step, the theory is then tested using a few selected examples (Confucian democracy, Islamic democracy, African democracy). KW - democracy KW - non-western history of political thought KW - confucianism KW - Muslim world KW - Africa Y1 - 2025 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:739-opus4-15821 VL - 2024 IS - 6 PB - Frontiers CY - Lausanne ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Blanc, Julia A1 - Annekatrin, Meißner T1 - Towards a holistic approach to sustainable development : inner development as a missing link for sustainability transformation JF - Religions (Special issue "Sustainable development : the normative contribution of theology") N2 - The discourse on understanding and implementing sustainable development has so far focused primarily on the external aspects, neglecting the internal dimension of people. The main purpose of our paper is to contribute to addressing this research gap. Therefore, we intend to (1) substantiate existing aspects of the Inner Development Goals (IDGs), (2) complement them, and (3) link the concept of the IDGs to normative discourses in Christian Social Ethics and Social Philosophy. Our results show that the dimensions of Being, Relating, and Collaborating in the IDG Framework can be substantiated by the normative discourse on spirituality and by reference to the social principle of personality in Christian Social Ethics, as well as by the Indian Social Philosophical Perspective of Vimala Thakar which focuses on a value-based approach. This paper suggests that the concept of the IDGs will be strengthened by adding the dimension of Caring—understood as the concern and responsibility for the wholeness in the combining of the inner and outer dimensions. By linking the concept of the Inner Development Goals to the existing normative discourses in Christian Social Ethics and Social Philosophy, our research contributes to making the concept connectable and deepens the discussions on a practical and theoretical level. KW - holistic sustainable development KW - change of consciousness KW - being KW - caring KW - christian social ethics KW - social philosophy Y1 - 2025 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:739-opus4-15816 VL - 2025 IS - 16(1) PB - MDPI CY - Basel ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Gosh Dastidar, Kanishka A1 - Caelen, Olivier A1 - Granitzer, Michael T1 - Machine learning methods for credit card fraud detection : a survey JF - IEEE Access N2 - The widespread adoption of online payments has been accompanied by a significant increase in fraudulent activities, resulting in billions of dollars in financial losses. As payment providers aim to tackle this with various preventive mechanisms, fraudsters also continuously evolve their methods to remain indistinguishable from genuine actors. This necessitates sophisticated fraud detection tools to supplement these security mechanisms. As the volume of transactions taking place per day is in the millions, relying solely on human investigation is expensive and ultimately unfeasible, leading to an emergence of research into data driven or statistical methods for fraud detection. Over the last decade, this research has evolved to tackle the various particularities of the domain. These include the skewed nature of the data, the evolving user and fraud behavior, and the learning representations of the context in which a transaction takes place. This work aims to provide the community with an in-depth overview of the different directions in which recent research on online fraud detection has focused. We develop a taxonomy of the domain based on these directions and organize our analysis accordingly. For each area, we focus on significant methodological advancements and highlight limitations or gaps in the current state-of-the-art solutions. Through our analysis, it emerges that one of the primary limiting factors that many researchers face is the lack of availability of high-quality credit card data. Therefore, we provide a first step in addressing this issue in the form of a data generation framework using generative adversarial networks (GANs). We hope that this survey serves as a foundation for researchers who want to address the multi-faceted problem of credit card fraud detection. KW - fraud detection KW - machine learning KW - neural networks KW - synthetic data Y1 - 2024 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:739-opus4-15796 VL - 2024 IS - 12 SP - 158939 EP - 158965 PB - IEEE CY - New York ER - TY - THES A1 - Weishäupl, Andreas T1 - Zur Bedeutung der maximalen Laktatbildungsrate in Diagnostik und Training am Beispiel Skilanglauf und Radsport T1 - The relevance of the maximal lactate accumulation rate in diagnostics and training: The example of cross-country skiing and cycling N2 - Die Arbeit beleuchtet die Bedeutung der maximalen Laktatbildungsrate (V̇Lamax) für die Leistungsdiagnostik und die Trainingspraxis. Für die Sportart Skilanglauf wurde ein neuer Sprinttest zur Bestimmung der V̇Lamax am Skiergometer entwickelt, der sich als reliabel und valide erwiesen hat. Dabei wurden verschiedene Ansätze zur Bestimmung der alaktaziden Zeit genauer betrachtet. Außerdem wurde der Sprinttest am Skiergometer mit dem etablierten Sprinttest am Radergometer verglichen, wobei festgestellt werden konnte, dass die V̇Lamax sportart- und extremitätsspezifisch getestet werden sollte. Zudem wurde die Auswirkung von Intervalltraining unterschiedlicher Intensität im Radsport untersucht. Hochintensives Ausdauertraining scheint dabei die V̇Lamax zu steigern, wohingegen submaximales Sweetspot-Training die V̇Lamax zu senken scheint. KW - Maximale Laktatbildungsrate KW - maximal lactate accumulation rate KW - Intervalltraining KW - cross-country skiing KW - cycling KW - Leistungsdiagnostik KW - Training KW - Lactate KW - Skilanglauf KW - Radsport Y1 - 2025 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:739-opus4-15801 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Adiatu, Afeez T1 - Energizing the inter-regional cooperation and energy governance : an exploration of the Africa-EU energy partnership JF - Journal of Sustainable Development of Energy, Water and Environment Systems (ISSN: 1848-9257, DOI: 10.13044/j.sdewes) N2 - The emergence of change in the global energy governance structure is precipitated by the shift in global energy technology. The shift from carbon-intense energy to cleaner sources surpasses technological discontinuation. The inter-regional, regional, and sub-regional grouping emerged in global energy governance to support governance capabilities across countries. This research seeks to investigate the inter-regional partnership between Africa and the European Union initiated to facilitate energy decision-making. This study adopts thematic analysis to explore literature and reports on the Africa-EU partnership to understand its impact on the future of the African energy sector. This research argues using a neo-liberal lens that the limited state capacity in energy governance may necessitate inter-regional partnerships to aid energy sector development in Africa. The study concludes that considering Africa's potential in renewable energy sources such as solar irradiation and the limited energy access in the Sub-Saharan region, intervention of external capabilities through technological and financial aids may stimulate the utilization of such potential. KW - global energy governance KW - renewable energy KW - energy transition KW - regionalism KW - global governance Y1 - 2024 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:739-opus4-15782 VL - 2024 IS - 12(4) PB - SDEWES Centre CY - Zagreb ER -