@phdthesis{Wolff2025, author = {Wolff, Monika-Sybille}, title = {F{\"o}rderung situativer, aufgabenbezogener Emotionen von Studierenden durch eine Value-Intervention}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:739-opus4-15521}, school = {Universit{\"a}t Passau}, pages = {336 Seiten}, year = {2025}, abstract = {Emotionen spielen eine wesentliche Rolle f{\"u}r Motivation, Leistung und erfolgreiches Lernen (vgl. z.B. Pekrun et al., 2002; Pekrun \& Perry, 2014). Forschungsergebnisse zeigen jedoch, dass positive Emotionen wie Lernfreude im Bildungsverlauf tendenziell abnehmen, w{\"a}hrend negative Emotionen wie Angst oder Langeweile zunehmend auftreten (Vierhaus et al., 2016). Trotz verschiedener theoretischer Ans{\"a}tze zur Emotionsregulation und Emotionsintervention steckt die empirische Forschung in diesem Bereich noch in den Anf{\"a}ngen. Bestehende Interventionen konzentrieren sich haupts{\"a}chlich auf Pr{\"u}fungsangst und stehen h{\"a}ufig vor Herausforderungen hinsichtlich ihrer nachhaltigen Wirksamkeit (z.B. Hagenauer, Klaß \& Gl{\"a}ser-Zikuda, 2016) sowie ihrer praktischen Implementierbarkeit (z.B. Brandenberger, Hagenauer \& Hascher, 2018). Die vorliegende Studie untersucht die Effekte einer Utility-Value-Intervention auf das situative, aufgabenbezogene emotionale Erleben von Studierenden. Da Value-Interventionen (z.B. Harackiewicz et al., 2014) auf eine Verbesserung der subjektiven Kontroll- und Wert-Einsch{\"a}tzungen von Leistungsaktivit{\"a}ten durch wertinduktive Prompts abzielen, wurde auf Grundlage der Kontroll-Wert-Theorie (Pekrun, 2000, 2006) angenommen, dass sich diese Intervention {\"u}ber die Modulation von Kontroll- und Wert-Appraisals positiv auf die Entstehung von Leistungsemotionen auswirkt. Im Rahmen eines experimentellen Within-Subjects-Designs erhielten 312 Lehramtsstudierende aus zwei Online-Seminaren („Leistungsemotionen" und „Klassenf{\"u}hrung") {\"u}ber den Verlauf eines Semesters jeweils drei Utility-Value-Treatments. Die Intervention umfasste sowohl direkte als auch indirekte Prompts: Erstere stellten mittels Advance Organizers die Relevanz der in der Lernaufgabe gef{\"o}rderten Kompetenzen explizit heraus, w{\"a}hrend Letztere in relevanzinduzierende Aufgaben eingebettet waren. In diesen Aufgaben entwickelten die Studierenden durch die Evaluation von Zitaten eigenst{\"a}ndige Relevanzargumente (vgl. Gaspard et al., 2017). Zur Erfassung situativer Emotionen sowie von Valenz- und Kontrollkognitionen wurden Frageb{\"o}gen sowohl zu Treatment- als auch zu Non-Treatment-Messzeitpunkten eingesetzt. Die Ergebnisse einer Conditional Process Analysis mit Mehrebenendaten (Hayes, 2018) offenbarten zeitabh{\"a}ngige Effekte: In der Substichprobe „Klassenf{\"u}hrung" wirkte sich das Treatment zu Beginn des Semesters zun{\"a}chst negativ auf das emotionale Erleben aus, w{\"a}hrend es gegen Semesterende eine positive Wirkung entfaltete. In der Substichprobe „Leistungsemotionen" zeigte sich hingegen ein gegens{\"a}tzliches Muster. Dar{\"u}ber hinaus variierte der Mediationsprozess: W{\"a}hrend in der Substichprobe „Klassenf{\"u}hrung" prim{\"a}r Valenzkognitionen zur Vermittlung der Effekte beitrugen, wurde in der Substichprobe „Leistungsemotionen" eine Mediation {\"u}ber Kontrollkognitionen beobachtet. Die Befunde verdeutlichen die Relevanz kontextueller Faktoren f{\"u}r die Wirksamkeit einer Utility-Value-Intervention zur F{\"o}rderung des situativen emotionalen Erlebens und liefern wertvolle Impulse f{\"u}r die Weiterentwicklung zielgerichteter Interventionsstrategien.}, subject = {Emotion}, language = {de} } @book{OPUS4-1606, title = {La litt{\´e}rature migratoire au f{\´e}minin {\`a} l'interface entre l'«Orient» et l'«Occident»}, volume = {2025}, editor = {Hertrampf, Marina Ortrud M. and Xie, Xiaomeng}, publisher = {Akademische Verlagsgemeinschaft M{\"u}nchen}, address = {M{\"u}nchen}, isbn = {978-3-96091-646-8}, doi = {10.23780/9783960916468}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:101:1-2502181236153.867738041428}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}t Passau}, pages = {307 Seiten}, year = {2025}, abstract = {Ce volume collectif se questionne comment les contacts et les conflits entre l'« Orient » et l'« Occident » se refl{\`e}tent dans les textes narratifs des femmes {\´e}crivains. Les contributrices examinent dans quelle mesure le fait d'{\^e}tre une femme donne lieu {\`a} diff{\´e}rentes perceptions de soi et de l'autre, et dans quelle mesure les formes internes et externes d'orientalisme jouent un r{\^o}le {\`a} cet {\´e}gard. Elles explorent dans quelle mesure les images de soi et de l'autre, les images orientales et occidentales des femmes et des r{\^o}les st{\´e}r{\´e}otyp{\´e}s du genre entrent en contact ou en conflit dans ces textes, et quelles cons{\´e}quences cela a sur l'identit{\´e} des femmes dans l'entre-deux entre la culture d'origine et la culture d'accueil. Dans un post-orientalisme, si les probl{\´e}matiques culturelles, linguistiques, religieuses et id{\´e}ologiques sont au centre de nos pr{\´e}occupations, les autrices accordent {\´e}galement une attention particuli{\`e}re {\`a} la mani{\`e}re dont les femmes {\´e}crivains {\´e}tudi{\´e}es, elles-m{\^e}mes voyageuses et migrantes, transcendent la critique du colonialisme traditionnel, r{\´e}cr{\´e}ent et font comprendre un Orient dont l'image et la signification se renouvelle et se rafra{\^i}chit constamment.}, subject = {Migrationsliteratur}, language = {fr} } @book{Huebenthal2023, author = {Huebenthal, Sandra}, title = {Memory theory in New Testament studies : exploring new perspectives}, publisher = {Brill Sch{\"o}ningh}, address = {Paderborn}, isbn = {978-3-657-79081-4}, doi = {10.30965/9783657790814}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:739-opus4-14102}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}t Passau}, pages = {IX, 315 Seiten}, year = {2023}, abstract = {This book collects ten of Sandra Huebenthal's most important contributions to the application of Social Memory Theory in Biblical studies. The volume consists of four parts, each devoted to a particular field of research. Part one addresses the general impact of Social Memory Theory for the New Testament. The second part analyzes how Social Memory Theory adds to exploring the phenomenon of (biblical) intertextuality as a strategy for negotiating Early Christian identity and the third part investigates how New Testament pseudepigraphy provides a different approach for understanding the negotiation and formation of Christian identities. Finally, part four provides an outlook how the hermeneutical approach can enhance Patristic research. The ten essays originate from discussions about Social Memory Theory and the New Testament at international conferences, three of them are translations of German contributions, while two are published for the first time in this volume. (Verlagsbeschreibung)}, language = {en} } @phdthesis{FuchsAuer2019, author = {Fuchs-Auer, Elisabeth}, title = {Bilingualer Unterricht: Anders als gedacht. Religion verstehen durch fremde Sprache}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:739-opus4-9904}, school = {Universit{\"a}t Passau}, pages = {307 Seiten}, year = {2019}, abstract = {Bilingualer Sachfachunterricht gilt wohl als eine der bedeutsamsten Ver{\"a}nderungen im deutschen Schulsystem. Vor allem weiterf{\"u}hrende Schulen wie Gymnasien und Realschulen nutzen diese didaktischen Neuerungen zur Weiterentwicklung ihres Schulprofils sowie zur sprachlichen und kognitiven F{\"o}rderung ihrer Sch{\"u}lerschaft. Aber auch an der Mittelschule insbesondere im M-Zug, kann diese Form des Unterrichts durchaus einen Mehrwert bieten. Mit dieser Arbeit soll die didaktische Wirksamkeit des bilingualen Religionsunterrichts wissenschaftlich erforscht und weiterentwickelt werden. Mittels der praktischen Umsetzung religionsp{\"a}dagogischer und religionsdidaktischer sowie bilingualer Theorien, soll ein Prototyp des bilingualen Religionsunterrichts geschaffen werden, welcher die Fremdsprache Religion zu entschl{\"u}sseln vermag. In der iterativen Durchf{\"u}hrung bilingualer Religionsunterrichtseinheiten gilt es sodann herauszufinden, inwieweit der Einsatz einer fremden Sprache die M{\"o}glichkeit einer kognitiven Durchdringung und Erschließung von Glaubenswissen bieten kann. Zielf{\"u}hrend dabei ist jedoch nicht die Erstellung einer empirischen Studie. Vielmehr soll die vorliegende Feldstudie dazu dienen, Hypothesen und Theorien aufzustellen, die dann in einem n{\"a}chsten Schritt einer empirischen {\"U}berpr{\"u}fung unterzogen werden k{\"o}nnen.}, language = {de} } @article{Henkel2023, author = {Henkel, Anna}, title = {Nachhaltige Digitalisierung. Gesellschaftliche Transformation, autonome Materialit{\"a}t und der Fall des Digital Farming}, series = {Berliner Journal f{\"u}r Soziologie}, volume = {33}, journal = {Berliner Journal f{\"u}r Soziologie}, number = {3}, publisher = {Springer Nature}, address = {Berlin}, doi = {10.1007/s11609-023-00500-5}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:101:1-2024010810053745746335}, pages = {289 -- 318}, year = {2023}, abstract = {Nachhaltigkeit und Digitalisierung sind zwei Tendenzen gesellschaftlichen Wandels, die in verschiedene Richtungen weisen. Nachhaltigkeit wird als angestrebte, jedoch im Ergebnis unzureichend bleibende Ver{\"a}nderung gesehen, w{\"a}hrend Digitalisierung - erw{\"u}nscht oder auch nicht - schlicht erfolgt. Diese Diskrepanz zu untersuchen, ist eine Herausforderung auch f{\"u}r die soziologische Theorie. Nachdem Nachhaltigkeit und Digitalisierung bislang meist unabh{\"a}ngig voneinander in den Blick genommen wurden, erlaubt eine materialit{\"a}tstheoretisch erweiterte Gesellschaftstheorie ein soziologisches Zusammendenken und eine Erkl{\"a}rung f{\"u}r die Unterschiedlichkeit der Dynamiken gesellschaftlichen Wandels: In der spezifischen, n{\"a}mlich autonomen Materialit{\"a}t der modernen Gesellschaft ist Digitalisierung bereits angelegt, w{\"a}hrend eine nachhaltige Entwicklung eine Transformation dieser Materialit{\"a}t selbst erfordert. Am Fallbeispiel des Digital Farming wird diese These n{\"a}her ausgef{\"u}hrt. Den Abschluss des Beitrags bilden {\"U}berlegungen zu Herausforderungen, Bedingungen und M{\"o}glichkeiten einer nachhaltigen Digitalisierung.}, language = {de} } @phdthesis{Stumpf2024, author = {Stumpf, Peter Frederik}, title = {Partial Representation Extension and Simultaneous Representation of Intersection Graphs}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:739-opus4-15201}, school = {Universit{\"a}t Passau}, pages = {IX, 208 Seiten}, year = {2024}, abstract = {Many real world problems can be modeled with geometric intersection graphs. A (geometric) intersection representation of a graph G=(V,E) is a family {R_v}_{v\in V} of geometric objects such that two geometric objects R_u, R_v intersect if and only if the corresponding vertices u, v are adjacent in G. The most prominent class of intersection graphs are interval graphs, which have representations consisting only of intervals on the real line. Interval graphs have applications in genetics, scheduling, archaeology and many more fields. The recognition problem asks the question whether a given graph belongs to a certain graph class. Two natural generalizations of the recognition problem are the partial representation extension problem and the simultaneous representation problem. In the partial representation extension problem one is given a graph G and a partial representation, i.e., a representation of a subgraph of G. The question then is whether the partial representation can be extended to the whole graph G without changing the given partial representation. In the simultaneous representation problem one is given multiple graphs G_1,...,G_k that can have shared parts, and the question is whether there are representations of all input graphs such that shared vertices are represented by the same geometric objects. Often the sunflower case is considered, where the shared part of any two input graphs is the same. We determine the complexity of the partial representation extension problem and the simultaneous representation problem, especially in the sunflower case for various intersection graph classes. We also improve the running time for various intersection graph classes. In particular, we show that the partial representation extension problem for circular-arc graphs is NP-complete and that the simultaneous representation problem for interval graphs can be solved in linear time in the sunflower case, answering open questions from 2014 and 2010.}, language = {en} } @phdthesis{Grabl2024, author = {Grabl, Susanne}, title = {How Technological Advancements and Digitalization Impact Both Organizational Behavior and Work Structures}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:739-opus4-15149}, school = {Universit{\"a}t Passau}, pages = {IV, 153 Seiten}, year = {2024}, abstract = {Organizations are in a constant state of flux, making transformations an inevitable aspect of their evolution and adaptation (By, 2005; Kotter, 1995). Transformations in organizations take many forms. These include sustainability transformations intended to make organizations more sustainable and fit for the future (Bansal, 2005; Corbett \& Mellouli, 2017; Kim et al., 2017; Robertson \& Barling, 2013). Additionally, transformations can affect day-to-day work and impact working practices (Orlikowski, 2002; Watson-Manheim et al., 2002, 2012). On the one hand, this enables more flexible working conditions through the introduction of hybrid work, for instance (Halford, 2005). On the other hand, new digital transformations, such as platform work (Deng et al., 2016; Deng \& Joshi, 2016; Kittur et al., 2013; Kost et al., 2018), allow organizations to outsource work. Platform work allows users to work completely flexibly and organize their working day according to their needs (Deng et al., 2016; Deng \& Joshi, 2016; Kost et al., 2018). A distinction can be made between different types of platforms. There are platforms that require physical labor, such as Uber (Duggan et al., 2020; M{\"o}hlmann et al., 2021), where transportation trips can be booked, or DoorDash, where food is delivered (Griesbach et al., 2019). Furthermore, there are entirely virtual online platforms. These include freelancing platforms such as Topcoder or Upwork, where workers advertise their profiles for jobs such as web design (Howcroft \& Bergvall-K{\aa}reborn, 2019; Shafiei Gol et al., 2019; Taylor \& Joshi, 2019). They are evaluated by their clients and paid according to their work performance. There is also another type of platform with very low entry barriers: micro-task crowdsourcing platforms (Bush \& Balven, 2021; Deng et al., 2016; Deng \& Joshi, 2016; Wong et al., 2020). Here, people can perform currently posted tasks without prior application and receive a small remuneration (Deng et al., 2016). Digital transformations in the workplace change work processes and practices in the long term (Carroll et al., 2023). For instance, the introduction of hybrid work allows employees to divide their working time between the office and remote locations (Halford, 2005). Studies have shown that this shift has not negatively impacted employee performance, but has actually improved it (Abdullah et al., 2020; Mann \& Holdsworth, 2003; Wessel et al., 2021). Thanks to the gain in flexibility, employees are at least as productive as in mere office work. However, this can also have negative effects, for example on the training of new employees or on maintaining social contacts among colleagues (Hafermalz \& Riemer, 2020; Weritz et al., 2022). Another transformation changing organizations, particularly day-to-day work, is the introduction of artificial intelligence (AI) (Strich et al., 2021). AI encompasses a range of technologies that aim to mimic human cognitive processes or learn independently to solve problems (Asatiani, Malo, et al., 2021; Benbya et al., 2021; Berente et al., 2021). AI differs from previous technologies in terms of its self-learning nature, its (partial) autonomy in decision-making, and its opacity (Asatiani, Malo, et al., 2021; Barredo Arrieta et al., 2020). A special type of AI in use is generative AI (GAI). GAI is a model capable of creating apparently new content such as texts, codes, images, etc. (Brynjolfsson et al., 2023; Susarla et al., 2023). GAI applications like ChatGPT and Bard have quickly gained a large user base due to their easy accessibility, applicability, and versatility (Alavi et al., 2024; Kowalczyk et al., 2023). In addition to private use, GAI is utilized in various work processes across different professions (Benbya et al., 2024; Brynjolfsson et al., 2023), benefiting employees and organizations by improving the quality and efficiency of work (Brynjolfsson et al., 2023; Jia et al., 2024). In my dissertation, I explore these various types of transformation. Thereby, I contribute to a dynamic field and demonstrate how transformations in organizations can have a lasting impact on work processes. I have approached this multifaceted topic in a total of four studies.}, language = {en} } @phdthesis{GhoshDastidar2025, author = {Ghosh Dastidar, Kanishka}, title = {Using Context for Credit Card Fraud Detection}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:739-opus4-15561}, school = {Universit{\"a}t Passau}, pages = {147 Seiten}, year = {2025}, abstract = {Online payment fraud is one of the biggest challenges accompanying the ubiquitous adoption of digital payment methods. The academic literature shows that providing data-driven models with additional context of a transaction results in significant improvements in fraud detection performance. However, the methods used to generate suitable context representations often rely on human expert knowledge, which is expensive and suffers from several limitations. In this thesis, we propose different methods to automate this process by learning these context representations end-to-end on the fraud detection objective. Each of these methods is evaluated on millions of real-world transactions from Worldline, our industrial partner. Central to this thesis is our proposal of the Neural Aggregate Generator (NAG), a neural network that learns context representations automatically. The architecture of the NAG is designed to resemble the structure of expert feature aggregates, while also addressing their limitations. Our evaluation of the NAG reveals that it outperforms both approaches that use expert aggregates and other end-to-end methods across several months of testing. A thorough evaluation shows that the NAG improves over other approaches on several key factors including model size and robustness to shorter sequences. We propose several extensions to the NAG with the dual motive of improved alignment with expert aggregates and improved expressiveness. Our evaluation of these extensions shows comparable performance to the NAG with ancillary benefits in terms of prospective interpretability and model size. We also introduce the novel paradigm of using \lq future' transactions as context. Our analysis of real-world data from Worldline shows that verification of transactions are often delayed by several days and that within this delay there are often several transactions booked on the card which can be used as additional context. We show that this future context improves the performance of sequence models. Moreover, we also show that a balance between past and future context yields the best results and that using future context allows the use of shorter sequences overall. Beyond context-based fraud detection, we also provide an initial proposal of generating synthetic credit card data using Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs), showing that a Wasserstein GAN can be used to generated synthetic data similar to a popular publicly available credit card fraud dataset. We also describe several possible directions for future work including the incorporation of a adapted self-attention mechanism to the NAG and the use of transformers for synthetic data generation.}, language = {en} } @phdthesis{Sleziona2025, author = {Sleziona, Philipp}, title = {Transparency and Control about Privacy in Data-Driven Online Services: An Investigation of Design Choices and Users' Data Disclosure Decision-Making}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:739-opus4-15501}, school = {Universit{\"a}t Passau}, pages = {iv, 154 Seiten}, year = {2025}, abstract = {As modern online services are increasingly data-driven, users' data disclosure is becoming a decisive factor for the success of companies' business models. Extensive disclosure of personal data raises concerns for users' privacy that managers of online services and regulators need to address. Implementing transparency and control about an online service's data practices has become the dominant approach to address these concerns. However, the effects of transparency and control on users' data disclosure behavior have been found to be ambivalent. While some studies in the field of privacy research confirm that implementing transparency and control features can be an effective means to raise users' willingness to disclose data, other studies have found only minuscule, and sometimes even opposing effects of transparency and control on users' disclosure behavior. Such heterogeneous effects not only hinder estimating the consequences of regulatory and managerial efforts aimed at creating transparency and control but also impede generating clear guidelines on how to provide transparency and control in the most effective manner. A closer examination of individuals' underlying decision-making mechanisms in response to provisions of transparency and control in disclosure decision scenarios may help to improve our understanding of the causes of diverging disclosure behavior. A better understanding of these underlying decisionmaking mechanisms will further help to assess specific designs of transparency and control features and their impact on the business models of online services as well as users' privacy. Therefore, this thesis explores users' decision-making mechanisms and behavioral reactions to the provision of transparency and control in data disclosure situations. The thesis consists of four essays that employ different research methods, including systematic literature reviews and quantitative studies. The findings of the essays contribute to a better understanding of the effects of transparency and control on user decision-making in the privacy domain by (1) offering conceptualizations that provide a lens for studying users' decision-making processes and their disclosure behavior in reaction to transparency and control features (2) examining how different implementations of transparency and control features affect users' decision-making processes and effort in decision-making which causes differences in users' disclosure behavior, and (3) by investigating the effects of transparently communicated content and relevant pieces of information in so far underexplored data disclosure scenarios between users and a data-sharing firm network.}, subject = {Transparenz}, language = {en} } @phdthesis{Soller2025, author = {Soller, Sebastian}, title = {Anomaly Detection and Forecasting Techniques and their Applications Scenarios, Challenges and Limits in Industrial Production Settings}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:739-opus4-15659}, school = {Universit{\"a}t Passau}, pages = {vi, 136 Seiten}, year = {2025}, abstract = {What needs to be done to get machine learning and artificial intelligence from the lab to the shop floor? This work and its affiliated publications focus on challenges and solutions to apply machine learning applications inside industrial setups and what steps are needed to improve those setups. In industrial setups it is easy to run into a "hen and egg" problem. To gather data, the information which data to gather is ideally given beforehand and these information are not available when studying new setups and machines. In this work setups and concepts are created to dynamically connect to a network and start gathering data from available endpoints inside a manufacturing setup. The data streams of these endpoints are further analyzed to give an initial analysis of the data and advise further processing. To further analyze these data streams with the current advances in the machine learning field and AI, plug and play solutions are presented by manufacturers and scientific research. Limits are determined for this plug and play capability and solutions are provided to further improve upon the base solutions. The capability to apply commonly applied methods was analyzed and initially provided non-sufficient results. In the sub-fields of anomaly detection, regression analysis, forecasting and classification the addition of context information, such as production specific information and time dependent analysis were used to improve the results. Context information, especially periodic information, were further conceptualized and integrated into the initial data analysis. Difficulties with correct labeling of ground truth due to differing biases of participants were encountered, and counter measurements were proposed. Results of the classification, regression, forecast and context information extraction were investigated for their influence on the human operator. A significant change could be measured in multiple cases, just by providing information about underlying problems and errors. The Aforementioned machine learning methods further improved the performance of machine and operator.}, subject = {Anomalieerkennung}, language = {en} } @phdthesis{Fruehwirth2025, author = {Fr{\"u}hwirth, Lorenz}, title = {The Asymptotic Behavior of Birkhoff- and Lacunary Sums}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:739-opus4-15677}, school = {Universit{\"a}t Passau}, pages = {109 Seiten}, year = {2025}, abstract = {This doctoral thesis consists of three independently published research articles on the asymptoic behaviour of Lacunary- and Birkhoff sums. The former are sums formed by periodic functions and exponentially growing sequences of natural numbers. The corresponding summands often exhibit behavior typical of independent and identically distributed random variables. The methods used are of an analytical and probabilistic nature. The Birkhoff sums considered in this work are generated by the Kronecker sequence and by discontinuous functions. The methods employed are from the field of metric number theory, specifically classical results from continued fraction theory are utilized.}, language = {en} } @misc{MexisLillDolehetal.2025, author = {Mexis, Nico and Lill, Bjarne and Doleh, Yousef and Katzenbeisser, Stefan}, title = {Supplementary Material for the Work "Exposing the Gaps: The State of Supply Chain Coverage in Current Security Standards"}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:739-opus4-15633}, pages = {29 Seiten}, year = {2025}, abstract = {This document contains the supplementary material for our work "Exposing the Gaps: The State of Supply Chain Coverage in Current Security Standards", which should be consulted for further information and details. While this supplement has not been peer-reviewed, the above article has. The reviewers also had access to all the data presented in this document during the review phase. The article is available from 26 July 2025 as part of the "IFIP Advances in Information and Communication Technology", volume 742: 10.1007/978-3-031-94924-1_14}, subject = {Supply Chain Management}, language = {en} } @phdthesis{Schiele2024, author = {Schiele, Anita}, title = {Grenzschutz gegen illegale Einwanderung im Bundesstaat : ein Vergleich der rechtlichen Situation in der Bundesrepublik Deutschland und in den Vereinigten Staaten von Amerika}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:739-opus4-14929}, school = {Universit{\"a}t Passau}, pages = {332 Seiten}, year = {2024}, abstract = {Die Arbeit untersucht aus rechtsvergleichender Perspektive die Thematik des Grenzschutzes gegen illegale Einwanderung in den Bundesstaaten der Vereinigten Staaten von Amerika sowie der Bundesrepublik Deutschland, dort unter Ber{\"u}cksichtigung des Einflusses der Europ{\"a}ischen Union. Betrachtet werden insbesondere die Kompetenzverteilung und f{\"o}derale Konfliktl{\"o}sungsmechanismen, einschließlich der M{\"o}glichkeit, Streitigkeiten zwischen dem Bund und den Gliedstaaten gerichtlich kl{\"a}ren zu lassen.}, language = {de} } @phdthesis{Li2023, author = {Li, Yuze}, title = {Das System des Leistungsst{\"o}rungsrechts - eine vergleichende Studie zum deutschen und chinesischen Recht}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:739-opus4-13712}, school = {Universit{\"a}t Passau}, pages = {XVI, 296 Seiten}, year = {2023}, abstract = {Das chinesische Zivilgesetzbuch wurde am 28. Mai 2020 verk{\"u}ndet, mit vielen {\"A}nderungen gegen{\"u}ber der vorherigen Gesetzgebung. In diesem Zusammenhang ist das Leistungsst{\"o}rungsrecht, das ein Kerngebiet des Schuldrechts ist, neu zu erfassen. Dies soll insbesondere anhand des deutschen Leistungsst{\"o}rungsrechts und eines Vergleichs zwischen beiden geschehen. Die vorliegende Arbeit befasst sich daher mit einer Reihe grundlegender Fragen des chinesischen Leistungsst{\"o}rungsrechts. So kann man sich {\"u}ber die Herkunft des chinesischen Vertragsrechts, seinen gegenw{\"a}rtigen Stand, das rechtliche Regelsystem sowie die einschl{\"a}gige Behandlung in der Rechtsprechung informieren.}, language = {de} } @phdthesis{Nagelmueller2023, author = {Nagelm{\"u}ller, Mauritius}, title = {Litigation Finance in Environmental Disputes}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:739-opus4-15269}, school = {Universit{\"a}t Passau}, pages = {XLV, 266 Seiten}, year = {2023}, abstract = {Litigation finance can be deployed within the field of environmental disputes as effectively as in traditionally targeted practice areas, in order to further the aims of environmental protection. To substantiate this statement, the mechanism of litigation finance will be scrutinized first, alongside its application to date in the four jurisdictions where its usage is established. Secondly, features characteristic of environmental disputes will be identified in order to assess the potential of their applicability to litigation finance. Finally, these two domains are analyzed in an integrated manner, through case studies of environmental disputes which have been financed to identify key challenges as well as potential impact. In conclusion, this thesis describes how litigation finance can be effectively employed for environmental disputes and offers a guideline for financing environmental disputes successfully.}, language = {en} } @misc{OPUS4-1404, title = {Negotiating Chinese infrastructures of modern mobilities : insights from Southeast Asia}, number = {16(2) 2023}, editor = {Rowedder, Simon and Wilcox, Phill and Brandtst{\"a}dter, Susanne}, publisher = {SEAS - Society fo South-East Asian Studies}, address = {Wien}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:739-opus4-14049}, pages = {175 -- 314}, year = {2023}, abstract = {From transportation to urbanization, energy and digitalization, China-backed projects of infrastructural development are increasingly common throughout Southeast Asia and the global South as both a means and outcome of development. This trend has accelerated since China's Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) in 2013. Against this backdrop, the present ASEAS issue invites to rethink the roles infrastructure plays in forms of development that place connectivity at the center. Contents: Simon Rowedder, Phill Wilcox \& Susanne Brandtst{\"a}dter Negotiating Chinese Infrastructures of Modern Mobilities: Insights from Southeast Asia Current Research on Southeast Asia Panitda Saiyarod The Deviated Route: Navigating the Logistical Power Landscape of the Mekong Border Trade Franziska S. Nicolaisen The Politicization of Mobility Infrastructures in Vietnam — The Hanoi Metro Project at the Nexus of Urban Development, Fragmented Mobilities, and National Security Arratee Ayuttacorn Chinese Investor Networks and the Politics of Infrastructure Projects in the Eastern Economic Corridor in Thailand Karin Dean Belt and Road Initiative in Northern Myanmar: The Local World of China's Global Investments Mira K{\"a}k{\"o}nen Entangled Enclaves: Dams, Volatile Rivers, and Chinese Infrastructural Engagement in Cambodia Research Workshop Tim Oakes Infrastructure Power, Circulation and Suspension Susanne Brandtst{\"a}dter Infrastructural Fragility, Infra-Politics and Jianghu Book Reviews Michael Kleinod-Freudenberg Book Review: Tappe, O., \& Rowedder, S. (Eds.). (2022). Extracting Development: Contested Resource Frontiers in Mainland Southeast Asia}, language = {en} } @phdthesis{Raich2025, author = {Raich, Krispin}, title = {Multimodal Data Space for Cooperative Intelligent Transport Systems}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:739-opus4-15496}, school = {Universit{\"a}t Passau}, pages = {xv, 111 Seiten}, year = {2025}, abstract = {Modern Cooperative Intelligent Transport Systems (C-ITSs) are comprehensive applications that must cope with a multitude of challenges while meeting strict service and security standards. One of these challenges is a fast, secure, reliable, and universal way to store and exchange data in such a traffic system. Furthermore, multimodal scenarios where different types of vehicles (e.g., cars and Unmanned Aerial System) interact with each other, are increasingly emerging. To overcome these challenges, this thesis presents a set of key innovations to establish a multimodal capable data space for transport application. Therefore, a multimodal optimized geographic model is presented, called SpatialJSON, that is capable of depicting two- and three-dimensional geometries. To accomplish this feat, SpatialJSON extends the popular GeoJSON format with two new data types: area and corridor. Exchanging, managing, and storing data is handled in a novel data-centric middleware, called Large Scale Multimodal Data Processing Middleware for Intelligent Transport Systems (LDPM). This LDPM uses cryptographic- and trust-based schemas to allow secure data exchange and provide data quality assessment. Furthermore, a service architecture is introduced, that fulfils modern service requirements. Trust management is also another essential part of a C-ITS. Hence, a novel scheme to describe traffic related evidence in a multimodal environment is introduced. This schema allows assessing arbitrary traffic related data. This information is then processed in a specialized and modified Bayesian Inference (BI) function. Subsequently, a comprehensive data centric trust management method is introduced. Finally, a use case is presented that relies on the aforementioned technologies to collect data in a hazardous environmental. This data is then distributed and managed via the LDPM, and finally visualized.}, language = {en} } @masterthesis{Daenzer2023, type = {Bachelor Thesis}, author = {D{\"a}nzer, Melissa}, title = {Fahrradfreundliche Stadtentwicklung: Eine vergleichende Analyse der Wahrnehmung der Fahrradfreundlichkeit von Touristen und Einheimischen in Gunzenhausen im Fr{\"a}nkischen Seenland}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:739-opus4-15079}, school = {Universit{\"a}t Passau}, pages = {III, 53 Seiten}, year = {2023}, abstract = {Die ansteigende Relevanz umweltfreundlicher Mobilit{\"a}t und die gesteigerte F{\"o}rderung des Fahrradfahrens in st{\"a}dtischen Gebieten spiegeln den verst{\"a}rkten Fokus auf nachhaltige Verkehrsmittel wider. St{\"a}dte m{\"u}ssen auf die zunehmenden Verkehrsbelastungen und Umweltprobleme reagieren, wobei der Fahrradverkehr als eine umweltfreundliche Alternative eine wichtige Rolle einnimmt. In diesem Kontext richtet sich die Aufmerksamkeit dieser Arbeit auf Gunzenhausen, eine Stadt im Fr{\"a}nkischen Seenland, die sich bereits seit Jahren aktiv darum bem{\"u}ht, ihre Fahrradfreundlichkeit zu verbessern. Die im Rahmen dieser Untersuchung durch gef{\"u}hrten Umfrage konzentriert sich auf die unterschiedliche Wahrnehmung der Fahrradfreundlichkeit zwischen Einheimischen und Touristen. Dabei ist von Interesse, ob und in welchem Ausmaß diese beiden Gruppen Unterschiede in ihrer Wahrnehmung der Fahrradfreundlichkeit in Gunzenhausen aufweisen. Die Analyse der Ergebnisse macht differierende Ansichten zwischen Einheimischen und Touristen hinsichtlich der Fahrradfreundlichkeit sichtbar. Diese Unterschiede reflektieren individuelle Perspektiven und Erfahrungen, die relevante Konsequenzen f{\"u}r zuk{\"u}nftige Stadtentwicklung darstellen k{\"o}nnen. Trotz eher geringer Unterschiede ist es wichtig, diese verschiedenen Sichtweisen zu ber{\"u}cksichtigen, um eine weitere Auseinanderentwicklung zu vermeiden. Die gewonnenen Erkenntnisse betonen die Notwendigkeit, ebendiese Unterschiede genauer zu erforschen, um die Fahrradfreundlichkeit in Gunzenhausen zu verbessern und die Ansichten von Einheimischen und Touristen sogar angleichen zu k{\"o}nnen. Im Kontext der globalen Entwicklung hin zu nachhaltigen Verkehrsmitteln und umweltfreundlichen Mobilit{\"a}tsl{\"o}sungen gewinnt die Analyse der Fahrradfreundlichkeit in St{\"a}dten wie Gunzenhausen immer mehr an Relevanz. Die Ergebnisse und die daraus folgenden Erkenntnisse dieser Untersuchung k{\"o}nnen als Grundlage f{\"u}r eine an den Bed{\"u}rfnissen verschiedener Bev{\"o}lkerungsgruppen ausgerichtete Stadtentwicklung dienen. Sowohl die Zukunft des Radfahrens als Verkehrsmittel als auch die Erhaltung und Erweiterung seiner Attraktivit{\"a}t bleiben in Bezug auf die Anpassung st{\"a}dtischer Infrastrukturen weiterhin von Interesse. Die Ber{\"u}cksichtigung unterschiedlicher Perspektiven, wie die f{\"u}r diese Arbeit ausgew{\"a}hlten, kann dabei helfen, eine umfassendere Mobilit{\"a}tsstrategie zu entwickeln, die die Stadt Gunzenhausen und {\"a}hnliche Gebiete umweltfreundlicher und auch lebenswerter gestaltet.}, language = {de} } @article{BleyerBraunEbneretal.2014, author = {Bleyer, Bernhard and Braun, Irene and Ebner, Richard and Plank, Maria and Riecke, Ramona}, title = {Ein Projekt zur Qualifikation von Besuchsdiensten in station{\"a}ren Altenhilfeeinrichtungen: Begegnungen gegen die Einsamkeit}, series = {Informationsdienst Altersfragen}, volume = {41 (2014)}, journal = {Informationsdienst Altersfragen}, number = {1}, publisher = {Deutsches Zentrum f{\"u}r Altersfragen}, address = {Berlin}, doi = {10.15475/pqbsa.2014}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:739-opus4-14321}, pages = {21 -- 24}, year = {2014}, abstract = {Das Bildungskonzept „Ins Altenheim gehen - eine lohnende Sache! Fortbildung f{\"u}r ehrenamtliche Besuchsdienste im Alten- und Pflegeheim" verpflichtet sich, die Idee der Teilhabe sowohl f{\"u}r Ehrenamtliche als auch f{\"u}r hilfebed{\"u}rftige Menschen im Alter in die Tat umzusetzen. Das aus f{\"u}nf Modulen bestehende Curriculum, das als Kooperationsverbund zwischen Kirche, Wohlfahrtsverband, Universit{\"a}t, Altenhilfeeinrichtung und Ehrenamt in diesem Zuschnitt ein Pilotprojekt darstellte, bef{\"a}higt Ehrenamtliche mit speziellen Themen der station{\"a}ren Versorgungsform (z.B. Symptome der Demenz, Versicherungsfragen bei Ausfl{\"u}gen, praktischer Umgang mit Pflegebetten und Hilfsger{\"a}ten) umgehen zu lernen, damit den hilfebed{\"u}rftigen Menschen ein Mehr an gesellschaftlichem Leben erm{\"o}glicht wird.}, language = {de} } @article{Bleyer2013, author = {Bleyer, Bernhard}, title = {Besuchen will gelernt sein}, series = {neue caritas 114/10}, volume = {114 (2013)}, journal = {neue caritas 114/10}, number = {10}, doi = {10.15475/bwgs.2013}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:739-opus4-14478}, pages = {15 -- 17}, year = {2013}, abstract = {„Ins Altenheim gehen - eine lohnende Sache!": Ein Regensburger Projekt von Di{\"o}zese, Universit{\"a}t und Caritasverband entwirft ein Konzept f{\"u}r ehrenamtliche Besuchsdienste im Alten- und Pflegeheim.}, language = {de} } @phdthesis{Still2025, author = {Still, Enid}, title = {Affective Roots: Memory, emotions and viscerality within organic agri-food networks in Tamil Nadu, India}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:739-opus4-15838}, school = {Universit{\"a}t Passau}, pages = {272 Seiten}, year = {2025}, abstract = {For activists I met in Chennai, the capital city of Tamil Nadu in India, organic food and farming was a 'way of life'. Stemming from my curiosity about this statement and what it meant for different actors in the regional organic agri-food networks, this research explores the interconnected lives and livelihoods of organic farmers and activists in Tamil Nadu. To engage with the social dynamics of these agri-food networks, the research focuses in on the role of the affective, feeling body. The emphasis on affect emerged in the form of memories, emotions and visceral experience, from empirical data collected between 2020 and 2022. And as the thesis demonstrates, affective dimensions, or what moves people, are important because, unlike economic, statistical or structural perspectives, they make visible the ways different actors feel socio-ecological change. Adopting the lens of Feminist Political Ecology and drawing on the fields of historical anthropology and feminist ethics, this thesis highlights: (1) the enduring nature of epistemic injustice within agri-food relations, (2) how social boundaries are built, maintained and remade through affective encounters, circumscribing what I call the 'affective roots' of socio-ecological change and (3) how ambiguous affective relations co-constitute organic agri-food networks, shaping anxious environmental subjectivities, that stem from socially mediated encounters with agro-chemicals, the market, the landscape and the other. Deepening our understanding of socio-ecological and agrarian change through empirical inquiry into how people feel matters, I argue, because it sheds light on injustices that are often concealed beneath the clouds of crisis.}, language = {en} } @phdthesis{Julka2025, author = {Julka, Sahib}, title = {Towards Data Efficiency and Controllable Representations for Deep Learning in Resource-Constrained Domains}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:739-opus4-16030}, school = {Universit{\"a}t Passau}, pages = {20 ungez{\"a}hlte Seiten, 131 Seiten, 17 ungez{\"a}hlte Seiten}, year = {2025}, abstract = {The deployment of artificial intelligence (AI) in specialised domains such as planetary science and healthcare, as well as in low-resource NLP settings, faces two fundamental challenges: label scarcity and data scarcity. Label scarcity stems from the high cost of expert annotation, the scarcity of domain experts, and the infeasibility of crowdsourcing, particularly in complex tasks requiring specialised knowledge. In parallel, data scarcity stems from the inherent difficulty of acquiring sufficient raw data, whether due to limited observational opportunities, environmental and technical barriers, or stringent privacy constraints. Together, these limitations impede the broader adoption of AI in these fields. Many existing approaches to label efficiency, such as active learning, rely on problem-specific heuristics and often, as a design choice, employ naive uncertainty estimations—typically at the instance level. However, such methods can lead to redundant or suboptimal sample selection by ignoring structural data properties and failing to account for representational diversity. In practice, they often perform no better than random sampling. For data synthesis, generative models face their own set of challenges. Despite their promise for synthetic data generation, these models frequently lack mechanisms to disentangle generative factors at the representation level, limiting their controllability. Additionally, standardised evaluation metrics to assess the quality of disentanglement remain underdeveloped, limiting their practical utility. These limitations highlight the need for advancements in data-efficient machine learning and controllable generative modelling, focusing on domain-specific validity and rigorous evaluation. This thesis contributes to addressing these challenges by proposing tailored solutions in two key directions. First, for data-efficient learning, a deep active learning (DAL) framework is introduced to enhance label efficiency by prioritising the most informative samples for annotation. Unlike traditional per-sample approaches, this framework aggregates uncertainty across larger data segments—such as orbital intervals in planetary science—allowing it to capture contextual variations. This method reduces labelled data requirements by up to 90\% in the case of boundary crossing detection at Mercury's magnetosphere. To further improve sampling diversity, a GAN-based concept drift detection method is integrated into the DAL framework, leveraging uncertainty and diversity together to offer a sampling method that outperforms random sampling. Additionally, foundation models such as the Segment Anything Model (SAM) are employed for zero-shot annotation to generate high-quality pseudo-labels, which are subsequently used to train a domain-specific model via knowledge distillation. This approach significantly enhances data efficiency, reducing the need for annotated samples several times over in the tested scenario of image segmentation for geological mapping. Furthermore, large language models (LLMs) are explored as active annotators for linguistic tasks in low-resource languages, achieving near-baseline performance while reducing annotation costs by up to 40x. Second, the thesis investigates methods to induce controllability in generative models, enabling the production of high-fidelity, controllable synthetic data. Conditional generative adversarial networks (CGANs) and disentangled representation learning techniques (DRL) are explored, particularly in the context of pedestrian trajectory prediction in the mobility domain, where controlled synthesis of diverse motion patterns is critical. Additionally, the work examines existing metrics for evaluating disentanglement and identifies critical limitations in them. A novel metric, the Exclusivity Disentanglement Index (EDI), is proposed as an improved standardised measure. Based on the principle of exclusivity in factor-code relationships, this metric offers advantages over existing alternatives in terms of efficiency and robustness. By advancing data-efficient learning and controllable generation strategies, this thesis aims to bridge the gap between AI's vast potential and its practical adoption in resource-constrained environments. These contributions pave the way for transformative applications in planetary science, healthcare, and beyond, where label and data scarcity have long been barriers to progress.}, language = {en} } @phdthesis{Wilhelm2025, author = {Wilhelm, Sebastian}, title = {Emergency Detection in Private Households Utilizing Existing Data Sources for Human Activity Event Recognition}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:739-opus4-15992}, school = {Universit{\"a}t Passau}, pages = {xvii, 156 Seiten}, year = {2025}, abstract = {In an aging society, the need for efficient emergency detection systems in smart homes is becoming increasingly important. Over 30\% of those aged 65 and older experience at least one fall per year, often resulting in the inability to rise without assistance, leading to 'long lies' lasting hours or even days. Systems for detecting such emergency events usually rely on wearable sensors or specific installations of ambient sensors, which can be intrusive and complex, hindering acceptance. This thesis proposes a novel approach that utilizes existing digital data sources within the residential infrastructure to detect human activities and identify potential emergencies. A survey identifies 44 potential data sources in private households for recognizing human activity. However, extracting activity information often requires complex preprocessing. In this thesis, methodologies are developed for three of these data sources to highlight practical applications: Smart Power Meters, Smart Water Meters, and Home Weather Stations. It is shown that detecting human activities using these sources is feasible in a practical environment, although accuracy and reliability vary. Notably, Smart Water Meters demonstrate high reliability, with a precision of 0.86 and a recall of 1.00, making them particularly suitable for emergency detection. Existing emergency detection methods are not designed to handle uncertain activity data. This thesis introduces a novel approach based on probabilistic activity information, employing an Inactivity Score that provides a probabilistic weighting of inactivity periods based on the reliability of sensor measurements. By analyzing historical Inactivity Scores, anomalies that potentially represent an emergency can be identified. Evaluations across seven datasets show this approach outperforms existing methods, achieving a mean time to detect emergencies of approximately 05:23:28 hours and producing 0.09 false positives per day under noise-free conditions. Moreover, unlike related approaches, the proposed method remains effective with noisy data. This thesis demonstrates that emergencies in private households can be detected using existing data sources from the home infrastructure, offering a cost-effective and non-intrusive solution to enhance the safety and autonomy of the elderly at home.}, language = {de} } @phdthesis{Stoffels2025, author = {Stoffels, Dominik}, title = {Advancing Pattern Detection, Theory Development and Decision Making with Explainable AI}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:739-opus4-15975}, school = {Universit{\"a}t Passau}, pages = {ii, 145 Seiten}, year = {2025}, abstract = {The application of explainable artificial intelligence (XAI) methods in data-driven decision-making and computationally intensive theory development (CTD) is a subject of ongoing debate, particularly concerning how and whether these methods can be effectively employed, and how the reliability of their explanations can be ensured. This dissertation addresses these issues by systematically analyzing the usability of XAI for pattern detection, CTD, and decision-making, drawing on various real-world and synthetic datasets and employing different empirical methods and perspectives. The dissertation consists of four studies, each addressing distinct issues in the field of XAI application.}, language = {en} } @phdthesis{Hasenpflug2025, author = {Hasenpflug, Mareike}, title = {Slice sampling on Riemannian manifolds}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:739-opus4-15903}, school = {Universit{\"a}t Passau}, pages = {iii, 118 Seiten}, year = {2025}, abstract = {This thesis is concerned with hybrid slice samplers for approximate sampling of distributions on Riemannian manifolds. First for distributions on the Euclidean unit sphere, and then for distributions on general Riemannian manifolds we introduce a geodesic-based hybrid slice sampler, called geodesic slice sampler. Under mild regularity assumptions, we establish reversibility with respect to the target distribution for this sampler and positive semi-definiteness of the corresponding operator. Moreover, on compact Riemannian manifolds we show uniform ergodicity with explicit constants for the geodesic slice sampler if the target distribution has a bounded density with respect to the Riemannian measure. As an important building block of this sampler, we provide an explicit expression for the shrinkage procedure proposed in (Neal, 2003) in terms of a Markov kernel. We establish that this kernel is reversible with respect to the uniform distribution on the target set and that its corresponding operator is positive semi-definite. Beyond the geodesic slice sampler, we apply these results also to elliptical slice sampling (Murray, Adams, MacKay, 2010) to obtain a proof for its reversibility with respect to the target distribution and positive semi-definiteness of the corresponding operator.}, language = {en} } @phdthesis{Baak2025, author = {Baak, Werner}, title = {Advanced Ordered Weighted Averaging Methods in Robust Optimization}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:739-opus4-15879}, school = {Universit{\"a}t Passau}, pages = {viii, 88 Seiten}, year = {2025}, abstract = {In decision-making under uncertainty, robust optimization is a critical tool across various fields, providing solutions that perform effectively across a range of scenarios where precise probabilities are unavailable or unreliable. Traditional approaches, such as min-max and min-max regret, focus on minimizing the worst-case outcomes and worst-case regret, respectively, often resulting in highly conservative solutions. To address this limitation, this dissertation investigates the Ordered Weighted Averaging (OWA) operator, which offers a flexible framework for aggregating outcomes according to varying risk preferences, from risk-averse to risk-neutral, encompassing traditional robust approaches as special cases. This work is organized around three primary contributions that expand the application and understanding of OWA in robust optimization. The first contribution develops a preference elicitation framework for OWA weights, enabling decision-makers to derive weighting schemes based on observed historical decisions, thereby aligning aggregation strategies with specific risk attitudes. The second contribution introduces a novel variant of OWA for robust optimization, integrating OWA into a regret minimization framework to generalize both robust min-max and min-max regret approaches. This model is complemented by new complexity results, including insights into the inapproximability and approximability of OWA regret, providing stronger approximation bounds that asymptotically improve on previously established results for classic OWA models. These advancements position the OWA regret model as a powerful alternative to min-max regret, offering a more adaptable approach to risk-sensitive decision-making. The third contribution addresses interval uncertainty, extending the OWA framework to scenarios where outcomes are represented as bounded intervals instead of discrete points. This interval-based OWA model accommodates real-world decision-making needs, where scenario data are uncertain or costly to specify. By using Value-at-Risk (VaR) in our definition, we provide a natural way to handle continuous ranges of uncertainty while maintaining computational tractability for large-scale problems. Together, these contributions advance both the theoretical and practical applications of OWA in decision making, establishing OWA-based methods as versatile tools for addressing complex uncertainties across a variety of decision-making environments.}, language = {en} } @incollection{Meissner2021, author = {Meißner, Annekatrin}, title = {Wirtschaftsethik : Globale Mitverantwortung f{\"u}r ungerechte Folgen des Marktsystems am Beispiel der Umweltverschmutzung der Lagune Mar Menor (Spanien)}, series = {10 Minuten Soziologie : Verantwortung}, booktitle = {10 Minuten Soziologie : Verantwortung}, editor = {Henkel, Anna}, publisher = {transcipt}, address = {Bielefeld}, doi = {10.1515/9783839451120-009}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:739-opus4-15887}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}t Passau}, pages = {137 -- 150}, year = {2021}, abstract = {"Aus Perspektive der Wirtschaftethik wird deutlich, dass ein reines Verursacherverst{\"a}ndnis und darauf basierendes Haftbarkeitsmodell angesichts globaler Wirtschaftsprozesse eine Weiterverschiebung von Verantwortung f{\"u}r Umweltsch{\"a}den mit sich bringt. Dem gegen{\"u}ber ist das Konzept globaler Mitverantwortung geeignet, Verantwortungsfragen umfassend zu analysieren und solchen Defiziten zu begegnen. Am Fall der Lagune Mar Menor wird gezeigt, wie globale Mitverantwortung im Kontext globaler Machtstrukturen Handlungsoptionen er{\"o}ffnet." (Aus der Einleitung zu Henkel, Anna; 10 Minuten Soziologie : Verantwortung; transcipt Bielefeld 2021, S. 151, doi.org/10.1515/9783839451120-001)}, language = {de} } @book{OPUS4-1400, title = {Mythenjagd : Soziologie mit Norbert Elias}, editor = {Benkel, Thorsten and Meitzler, Matthias}, publisher = {Velbr{\"u}ck Wissenschaft}, address = {Weilerswist}, isbn = {978-3-7489-1579-9}, doi = {10.5771/9783748915799}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:739-opus4-14002}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}t Passau}, pages = {293 Seiten}, year = {2023}, abstract = {Der vorliegende Band r{\"u}ckt verschiedene Aspekte und Diskurse rund um Elias' Schaffen in den Vor­der­grund und kontex­tua­­lisiert die generelle soziologische Relevanz seines Schaffens. Er liefert einen {\"U}berblick {\"u}ber die ak­tuel­le Elias-Forschung und verdeutlicht den Stellenwert und die Anschlussf{\"a}higkeit des Elias'schen Werks f{\"u}r so­zialwissenschaftliche bzw. sozialtheo­re­tische Debatten, insbesondere hinsichtlich zeit­ge­n{\"o}s­si­scher ge­sellschaftlicher Ent­wick­lungen. Dabei zeigt sich: Die Wis­sen­schaft selbst, so Elias, l{\"a}uft Gefahr, sich in Mythen zu verfangen, w{\"a}hrend sie die Mythen der Wirk­lich­keit unter die Lupe nimmt. Somit ist Mythenjagd nicht nur ein Schlagwort, sondern auch eine Devise, unter die sich Elias' Gesamtwerk stellen l{\"a}sst.}, language = {de} } @phdthesis{Hering2025, author = {Hering, Robin}, title = {Protection of Civilians in Armed Conflict: Safe Areas and the Silencing of Mass Atrocities}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:739-opus4-15765}, school = {Universit{\"a}t Passau}, pages = {200 Seiten}, year = {2025}, abstract = {This publication-based thesis approaches the topic of the protection of civilians in armed conflict by 'zooming in' on two specific sub-topics: safe areas as well as the silencing of mass atrocities. The thesis consists of five publications (four of them published in double-blind peer reviewed journals) and of an introductory chapter that presents the overall argument and contextualises the publications. Two publications argue that mass atrocities are silenced, or at least not politicised, in the discourses and debates of Germany as an exemplary UN member state. It is argued that 'silencing' is a structural feature of an 'identity-mismatch' with the domestic ideational structure that inhibits debates and freezes the possibility space for foreign policy. Empirically, the first publication assesses the rhetoric of the German chancellor, foreign ministers and parliamentary group leaders vis-{\`a}-vis the mass atrocities committed in Yemen, Myanmar and South Sudan. The second publication widens the scope and looks at German political, media and societal debates in twelve cases of mass atrocities between 1992 and 2019. The remaining three publications focus on the topic of safe areas. The first publication systematically collects and assesses the existing conceptual literature on safe areas. The second publication presents a comprehensive definition, a four-fold typology based on a distinction by size and the logic of protection as well as an extensive empirical dataset of safe areas. By analysing case studies from Iraq and South Sudan, the third publication argues that safe areas have a very limited potential to provide an alternative to flight, especially from the perspective of the protection-seeking civilians themselves.}, subject = {Zivilbev{\"o}lkerung}, language = {en} } @phdthesis{Lorenz2025, author = {Lorenz, Catherine}, title = {Studies on optimization problems with dynamically arriving information}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:739-opus4-15649}, school = {Universit{\"a}t Passau}, pages = {xv, 184 Seiten}, year = {2025}, abstract = {In today's fast-paced world, transportation planning, e-commerce, smart manufacturing, emergency services, and financial markets operate in real-time environments where dynamically arriving information must be integrated on-the-fly into decision-making. Research produced online algorithms ranging from myopic reoptimization (Reopt) to learning-based anticipation methods. However, given the complexity of real-world problems, optimal decision policies remain unknown, and effectiveness is often assessed through simulations against simple benchmarks, leaving improvement potential and robustness uncertain. This dissertation proposes effective online policies using classical and innovative analytical and computational evaluation methods, establishing performance bounds and comparisons to optimal solutions. It designs algorithmic frameworks for two dynamic optimization problems: the Online Order Batching, Sequencing, and picker Routing Problem (OOBSRP) in warehousing and the Traveling Salesman Problem with a Truck and a Drone under Incomplete Information (TSP-DI), for disaster relief. Given the importance of automation in real-time environments, a strong emphasis is placed on robotic solutions. For the OOBSRP with manual and robotic carts, we prove that Reopt is asymptotically optimal with probability one under broad stochastic conditions. From a worst-case perspective, no policy can improve Reopt by more than 50\%, as it is shown to be asymptotically two-competitive. A computational study confirms that Reopt's gaps to the complete-information optimum are small, e.g. averaging less than 5\% for a cost-minimization objective. A pattern analysis of Complete-Information Optimal Solutions (CIOSs), generated with dynamic programming algorithms, identifies simple algorithmic enhancements - like eliminating waiting, intervention, or strategic relocation - that further reduce costs and delivery times. These findings suggest limited benefits of anticipatory (including AI-based) algorithms in OOBSRP. Conversely, for TSP-DI, where road blockages reveal dynamically, Reopt performs poorly in the worst case, as we reveal its exponentially growing competitive ratio. We show that policies delaying deliveries for drone surveillance are significantly superior in competitive ratio. A proposed hybrid policy achieves best average and worst-case results in experiments. Using battery-limited drones introduces a challenging static subproblem within these policies, classified as Drone Routing Problems with Energy Replenishment (DRP-E). We develop a Very Large-Scale Neighborhood Search (VLNS) and an exact method for generic DRP-Es. VLNS searches an exponential-sized neighborhood of a promising solution entirely in polynomial runtime, making it ideal for real-time policies or intensification in metaheuristics. This dissertation underscores the importance of analytical guarantees and comparisons to the optimum in online algorithm design, as policy effectiveness often diverges from intuition and varies significantly across problems.}, language = {en} } @article{KomanderKoenig2022, author = {Komander, Verena and K{\"o}nig, Andreas}, title = {Organizations on stage: organizational research and the performing arts}, series = {Management Review Quarterly}, volume = {2024}, journal = {Management Review Quarterly}, number = {74}, publisher = {Springer Nature}, address = {Berlin}, doi = {10.1007/s11301-022-00301-9}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:101:1-2023010321004612876788}, pages = {303 -- 352}, year = {2022}, abstract = {Management and organization scholars have long been intrigued by the performing arts—music, theater, and dance—as a rich context for studying organizational phenomena. Indeed, a plethora of studies suggest that the performing arts are more than an interesting sideline for authors, as they offer unique theoretical and empirical lenses for organization studies. However, this stream of literature spreads across multiple research areas, varies with regard to its underlying theories and methods, and fails to pay sufficient attention to the contextuality of the findings. We address the resulting limitations by identifying and reviewing 89 articles on management and organization related to the performing arts published in 15 top-tier journals between 1976 and 2022. We find that research in the performing arts advances organizational theory and the understanding of organizational phenomena in four key ways, namely by studying (1) organizational phenomena in performing-arts contexts; (2) performing-arts phenomena in organizational contexts; (3) organizational phenomena through the prism of performing-arts theories; and (4) organizational phenomena through the prism of performing-arts practices. We also find that, in contrast to other settings, the performing arts are uniquely suited for immersive participant-observer research and for generating genuine insights into fundamental organizational structures and processes that are generic conditions of the performing arts and management alike, such as leadership, innovation, and the management of uncertainty. Finally, based on our consolidation of the research gaps and limitations of the reviewed studies, we develop a comprehensive agenda for future research.}, language = {en} } @article{SchweiklObermaier2022, author = {Schweikl, Stefan and Obermaier, Robert}, title = {Lost in translation: IT business value research and resource complementarity : an integrative framework, shortcomings and future research directions}, series = {Management Review Quarterly}, volume = {2022}, journal = {Management Review Quarterly}, number = {73}, publisher = {Springer Nature}, address = {Berlin}, doi = {10.1007/s11301-022-00284-7}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:101:1-2022093021520340946532}, pages = {1713 -- 1749}, year = {2022}, abstract = {Despite longstanding research efforts, there is still ambiguity surrounding the business value created by IT. To approach this conundrum, research focus has progressed from an isolated investigation of IT to the assessment of complementarity between IT and different non-IT resources such as work practices or decision structures. However, incoherence around the characteristics and scope of these complementary non-IT resources has created a fragmented body of research, preventing a sustainable knowledge creation. Thus, in this paper we synthesize the dispersed research efforts, identify shortcomings in the extant literature, and derive opportunities for future research. Specifically, we present a converging definition of complementary non-IT resources and specify their role in the value creation process from IT by viewing it through three distinct lenses: microeconomic theory, resource-based view, and contingency theory. We structure current research efforts by organizing complementary non-IT resources into distinct categories, namely strategy, structure, practices, processes, and culture (organizational resources), top management support, internal relations, and external relations (relational resources), worker skill (non-IT human resources), non-IT physical resources, as well as internal funds and external funds (financial resources). Finally, we highlight five important shortcomings in the current literature, such as the predominant use of reductionist approaches or monolithic IT measures, and make actionable recommendations to resolve them.}, language = {en} } @article{Reiter2022, author = {Reiter, Florence}, title = {Die Rolle der Europawahl 2019 in der Online-Medienberichterstattung. Eine Blended Reading Analyse am Beispiel von Spiegel-Online}, series = {Zeitschrift f{\"u}r Politikwissenschaft}, volume = {2022}, journal = {Zeitschrift f{\"u}r Politikwissenschaft}, number = {32}, publisher = {Springer Nature}, address = {Berlin}, doi = {10.1007/s41358-022-00325-3}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:101:1-2022081622245924254625}, pages = {839 -- 864}, year = {2022}, abstract = {Die quasi unbegrenzte Anzahl an frei verf{\"u}gbaren Daten im Internet birgt f{\"u}r die politikwissenschaftliche Forschung große Chancen, aber auch methodische Herausforderungen. Letztere zeigen sich vor allem in der Erhebung,Speicherung und Verarbeitung von webbasierten Daten wie beispielsweise Medienwebsites, die wissenschaftlichen Standards entsprechen. Insbesondere intersubjektive Nachvollziehbarkeit und Reliabilit{\"a}t sollten im Umgang mit internetbasierten Daten gew{\"a}hrleistet werden k{\"o}nnen. Dabei ist es beispielsweise nicht ausreichend zur intersubjektiv nachvollziehbaren Erhebung die URL einer Webseite abzuspeichern. Die hohe Fluidit{\"a}t dieser Art von Daten kann dazu f{\"u}hren, dass die Webseite bereits wenige Minuten nach der Speicherung der URL nicht mehr dem Bild entspricht, das die Forscher*in zum Speicherzeitpunkt hatte. Webarchivierung zur Datenerhebung und -speicherung sowie der Blended Reading Ansatz zur Analyse dieser Datenmengen bieten vielversprechende M{\"o}glichkeiten f{\"u}r Forschende, mit diesen Herausforderungen umzugehen. Daher f{\"u}hrt der vorliegende Beitrag eine exemplarische Analyse durch: Auf Basis von via Event-Crawl erhobenen Daten soll mit einem Blended Reading Ansatz analysiert werden, welche Rolle der Europawahl 2019 in der Online-Medienberichterstattung am Beispiel von Spiegel-Online zugeschrieben wird. Dabei geht es darum, an einem bewusst begrenzt gehaltenen Datensatz exemplarisch aufzuzeigen, {\"u}ber welches Potenzial die Durchf{\"u}hrung dieser Methodenkombination verf{\"u}gen und wie sie Forschung und Lehre bereichern kann.}, language = {de} } @article{GrimmLuckSteinhuebel2022, author = {Grimm, Michael and Luck, Nathalie and Steinh{\"u}bel, Franziska}, title = {Consumers' willingness to pay for organic rice: Insights from a non-hypothetical experiment in Indonesia}, series = {Australian Journal of Agricultural and Resource Economics}, volume = {67}, journal = {Australian Journal of Agricultural and Resource Economics}, number = {1}, publisher = {Wiley}, address = {Hoboken}, doi = {10.1111/1467-8489.12501}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:739-opus4-12412}, pages = {83 -- 103}, year = {2022}, abstract = {As in many high-income countries, there is increasing awareness towards organic farming in many low- and middle-income countries. Sustained local demand is an essential requirement for further adoption of organic farming by smallholders, who typically have only limited access to export markets. Until now, only few studies have explored the local willingness to pay (WTP) for organic products in low- and middle-income countries in real purchase situations. This paper analyses the consumers' WTP for organic rice in urban and suburban Indonesia using an incentive-compatible auction based on the Becker-DeGroot-Marschak (BDM) approach. We further study the effect of income and a randomised information treatment about the benefits of organic food on respondents' WTP. Estimates suggest that respondents are willing to pay an average price premium of 20\% compared with what they paid for conventional rice outside our experiment. However, our results also indicate that raising consumers' WTP further is complex. Showing participants a video about health or, alternatively, environmental benefits of organic food was not effective in further raising WTP. The results can be used as a basis for the design of alternative awareness measures to increase knowledge, interest and demand for organic food.}, language = {en} } @unpublished{PantaleonOsuna2024, author = {Pantale{\´o}n Osuna, {\´A}lvaro}, title = {Climate change as a driver of migration? A comparative case study in eastern and northern Ghana}, number = {1}, address = {Passau}, doi = {10.15475/mitrawa.upa1}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:739-opus4-14585}, pages = {12 Seiten}, year = {2024}, abstract = {Academic studies and media reports have pointed to climate change as a dominant factor responsible for future mass migrations from and within the Global South. In response to the deterministic nature of their estimates and predictions, this research explores the link that migrants establish between the environmental changes they experience and migration as a climate adaptation strategy. Furthermore, the overlaps between the profile and migratory behavior of those who manifest a greater presence of climate change in their migratory processes and their counterparts are analysed to identify potential unique climate migration patterns and practices. The quantitative analysis of data gathered in the context of the Mitra|WA project in Ghana's Eastern and Northern Regions in 2022 reveals that, while migration is not predominantly propelled by climate change climate, it does not constitute a new form of mobility demarcated from existing migration patterns and practices. This paper provides an opportunity to redirect future research towards the factors that determine the agency of individuals in response to climate hazards and to explore the role of climate change in a set of drivers of migration in a West African setting.}, language = {en} } @phdthesis{Schwind2025, author = {Schwind, Mara}, title = {„Insgesamt sah ich wirklich die Wellen an mir vorbeirauschen, mich darin befindend" - Die Folgen negativer Reaktionen gegen Wissenschaftler*innen in den sozialen Medien}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:739-opus4-15627}, school = {Universit{\"a}t Passau}, pages = {236 Seiten}, year = {2025}, abstract = {Wissenschaftler*innen werden immer h{\"a}ufiger zum Ziel von Kritik, Anfeindungen und {\"A}hnlichem in den sozialen Medien. Die Studie nimmt die reziproken Effekte dieser negativen Reaktionen in den Blick. Konkret wird untersucht, mit welchen Arten negativer Reaktionen Wissenschaftler*innen konfrontiert werden, welche mentalen Verarbeitungs- und Bewertungsprozesse in diesem Kontext relevant sind und wie die Betroffenen mit den negativen Reaktionen anschließend umgehen, um die entstandene Belastungssituation zu bew{\"a}ltigen. Neben der theoretischen Aufarbeitung der Thematik wird daf{\"u}r auf qualitative Leitfadeninterviews mit betroffenen Wissenschaftler*innen zur{\"u}ckgegriffen. Die Erkenntnisse der Studie werden in einem „Modell der Konfrontation mit negativen Reaktionen in den sozialen Medien" zusammengef{\"u}hrt. Das Modell erm{\"o}glicht zum einen die strukturierte Beschreibung entsprechender Vorf{\"a}lle und kann zum anderen als theoretisch-konzeptionelle Grundlage f{\"u}r weitere empirische Untersuchungen dienen.}, language = {de} } @phdthesis{Faltermaier2024, author = {Faltermaier, Stefan}, title = {A Sociotechnical Perspective on Digital Transformation of Work in Organizations, on Platforms, and in Academia}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:739-opus4-15233}, school = {Universit{\"a}t Passau}, pages = {ii, 191 Seiten}, year = {2024}, abstract = {The findings of this dissertation reveal that digital transformation in the workplace accelerates ongoing changes in work practices, leading to transformations in organizations on both social and technological levels (study one). A key challenge identified in our case from study one is that highly virtual and digital work environments can undermine the integration of new employees and weaken organizational cohesion, resulting in more isolated work that tends to occur either individually or in small groups. In completely detached work settings (study two), our findings emphasize the prevalence of negative work experiences - frustration in our case - and the central role of both social and technical antecedents. Work settings devoid of any organizational framework, such as microtask crowd work, show an even greater detachment from shared values and structures compared to study one, posing significant challenges for the workers involved. These challenging conditions for individuals and organizations highlight the necessity for further research and the development of innovative theories to better comprehend these dynamics, and to devise strategies to manage these challenges effectively. Studies three and four build on this premise. In these studies, within the context of the digital transformation of academic work, we demonstrated how ML combined with XAI applications can be employed in theory development.}, language = {en} } @phdthesis{Sawhney2025, author = {Sawhney, Udit}, title = {Incentivizing Sustainable Agriculture in Indonesia: Empirical Essays on the Role of Social Norms and Information Provision}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:739-opus4-16095}, school = {Universit{\"a}t Passau}, pages = {xvi, 157 Seiten}, year = {2025}, abstract = {The Green Revolution (GR) was one of the most transformative events in modern agricultural history. It was characterized by the widespread adoption of high-yield crop varieties, synthetic fertilizers and pesticides, and advanced irrigation systems. By significantly increasing agricultural productivity, the GR responded to global food shortages and hence played a crucial role in educing hunger, particularly in developing economies. However, while the GR alleviated food insecurity and stimulated economic development, it also brought about several unintended consequences like environmental degradation, as well as, widening socio-economic inequalities. Farmers, particularly in South and Southeast Asia, indulged heavily in fertilizer overapplication, which led to declining soil health and long-term sustainability concerns. Recognizing these challenges, the United Nations' Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) placed significant emphasis on sustainable agriculture, particularly through SDG - 2, which seeks to end hunger and promote sustainable food production. In line with these efforts, there has been a growing movement by several countries and international organizations towards promoting sustainable agricultural practices that balances agricultural productivity with environmental conservation. This dissertation contributes to this discourse on sustainable agriculture by examining key socio-economic factors that influence the adoption of sustainable farming practices among smallholder farmers in Indonesia. Indonesia's agricultural landscape, particularly its rice farming sector, has been shaped by decades of Green Revolution policies, with Java serving as a focal point for agricultural intensification. While these policies led to impressive yield increases and national self-sufficiency in rice production by the mid-1980s, they also resulted in several environmental and economic challenges, including excessive use of chemical fertilizers, soil nutrient imbalances, and long-term land degradation. In response, the Indonesian government introduced several sustainability-focused policies, including Integrated Pest Management (IPM), Farmer Field Schools (FFS), and the "Go Organic 2010" initiative. Despite these efforts, adoption of sustainable farming practices remains limited, raising critical questions about the barriers that prevent smallholder farmers from transitioning away from intensive chemical input use. The dissertation focuses on three interrelated research questions that explore the role of social networks, information provision, and economic incentives in shaping farmers' decisions regarding sustainable agriculture. These questions are addressed through a combination of mixed-methods research and randomized controlled trials (RCTs) conducted in Java, specifically in the regions of Yogyakarta and Tasikmalaya. The first research question investigates whether and how social networks and peer effects influence farmers' input decisions, particularly regarding fertilizer application. This study builds on existing literature on social networks in agriculture and examines the extent to which perceptions of farming norms - the visible greenness levels of rice plants - affect farmers' willingness to adopt more sustainable practices. Using a mixed-methods approach, including survey experiments and social network analysis, the study finds that personal opinions about the importance of plant greenness significantly influence farmers' input decisions. However, second-order perceptions - farmers' beliefs about how others in their farming network think about their farming choices - do not play a decisive role in shaping actual adoption behaviour. This finding contrasts with previous studies that emphasize the role of social pressure in agricultural decision-making, suggesting that while social learning plays an important role, it does not always operate through peer-effect mechanisms. The results highlight the complexity of social influences in agricultural adoption decisions and the need for more nuanced approaches to integrating behavioural insights into policy interventions. The second research question investigates the role of information provision, particularly about site-specific nutrition, in promoting sustainable soil management practices among smallholder farmers. A large-scale RCT was conducted in 69 villages to assess whether targeted agricultural extension trainings, along with soil testing services, can drive farmers' adoption of sustainable soil management practices. Villages were randomly assigned to - a treatment group (T1) that received one-day training on soil health management, a second treatment group that received both training and soil tests (T2), and a control group. The study reveals that while training sessions increased awareness and adoption of simple sustainable practices - such as the use of the Leaf Colour Chart (LCC) - there was limited impact on broader behavioural changes, such as the adoption of organic fertilizers or precision fertilizer application. However, the additional provision of soil testing led to measurable reductions in nitrogen fertilizer use while simultaneously increasing yields, demonstrating the potential for personalized, site-specific soil nutrient recommendations to improve both economic and environmental outcomes. A cost-benefit analysis reveals that additional day of soil testing training resulted in an average economic gain of USD 15.71 per farmer and also reduced CO2 emissions by approximately 2 kg per farmer. These findings highlight the potential for scalable, information-based interventions as well as the need for sustained follow-up support to reinforce behavioural changes among farmers. The third research question explores farmers' willingness to pay (WTP) for soil testing services and compares two different market-dissemination models - a private service model (where farmers purchase individual soil tests) and a collective (club good) model (where farmer groups collectively purchase a soil testing kit). Using an incentive-compatible auction based on the Becker- eGroot-Marschak (BDM) method, the study finds that farmers are willing to pay approximately 43\% of the actual cost of soil tests, indicating strong demand for personalized soil fertility information. Furthermore, there is no significant difference in WTP between the private and club good models, suggesting minimal free-riding behaviour within farmer groups. The qualitative data further suggests that group-based models foster a sense of joint responsibility and knowledge-sharing, making them a viable alternative to individual service provision. A deeper analysis reveals that while private service models are more effective in low-subsidy environments, club good models become preferable when subsidies are higher, offering valuable insights into cost-sharing mechanisms for agricultural policy design. Taken together, the findings of this dissertation have important implications for policymakers seeking to promote sustainable agricultural practices in developing economies. First, the dissertation highlights the nuanced role of social networks in shaping farmers' adoption decisions, suggesting that interventions targeting social learning should account for the complexity of social networks and peer influence mechanisms. Second, the dissertation underscores the importance of integrating soil testing and personalized information into agricultural extension programs, as site-specific soil nutrient recommendations can enhance both farming productivity as well as environmental sustainability. Third, the study provides empirical evidence on cost-effective ways to scale up soil testing services, demonstrating that well- esigned market-dissemination strategies can increase farmers' access to sustainability-enhancing technologies while maintaining financial viability. Beyond its immediate policy relevance, this dissertation also contributes to broader theoretical debates in development economics, agricultural economics, and environmental sustainability. By integrating experimental research methods, the dissertation advances understanding of how farmers make technology adoption decisions under conditions of uncertainty and social influence. Additionally, the study provides a methodological contribution by demonstrating the effectiveness of combining RCTs with qualitative approaches to capture the complexities of real-world decision-making. Despite its contributions, the dissertation also identifies several avenues for future research. One key limitation is that the analysis focuses primarily on short - to medium-term impacts, leaving open questions about the long-term sustainability of behaviour change. Future studies should explore whether farmers continue to adopt sustainable practices once external support is removed. Additionally, further research is needed to examine the role of digital agricultural advisory services, mobile-based soil testing platforms, and remote sensing technologies in complementing traditional extension services. Finally, more work is needed to explore the broader policy ecosystem surrounding agricultural sustainability, including the role of subsidies, market linkages, and certification schemes in incentivizing long-term adoption. In conclusion, this dissertation provides a comprehensive analysis of the social, informational, and economic factors that drive sustainable agricultural transitions in Indonesia. By offering evidence-based insights into the design of more effective extension programs, market dissemination strategies, and cost- haring mechanisms, it contributes to ongoing efforts to create more resilient and environmentally sustainable food systems. The findings are not only relevant for Indonesia but also offer valuable lessons for other developing economies that are facing the challenge of balancing agricultural productivity with sustainability.}, language = {en} } @article{LukasczykKroissFraser2023, author = {Lukasczyk, Stephan and Kroiß, Florian and Fraser, Gordon}, title = {An empirical study of automated unit test generation for Python}, series = {Empirical Software Engineering}, volume = {28}, journal = {Empirical Software Engineering}, number = {1}, publisher = {Springer Nature}, address = {Berlin}, doi = {10.1007/s10664-022-10248-w}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:101:1-2023081721042349746457}, pages = {1 -- 46}, year = {2023}, abstract = {Various mature automated test generation tools exist for statically typed programming languages such as Java. Automatically generating unit tests for dynamically typed programming languages such as Python, however, is substantially more difficult due to the dynamic nature of these languages as well as the lack of type information. Our P YNGUIN framework provides automated unit test generation for Python. In this paper, we extend our previous work on P YNGUIN to support more aspects of the Python language, and by studying a larger variety of well-established state of the art test-generation algorithms, namely DynaMOSA, MIO, and MOSA. Furthermore, we improved our P YNGUIN tool to generate regression assertions, whose quality we also evaluate. Our experiments confirm that evolutionary algorithms can outperform random test generation also in the context of Python, and similar to the Java world, DynaMOSA yields the highest coverage results. However, our results also demonstrate that there are still fundamental remaining issues, such as inferring type information for code without this information, currently limiting the effectiveness of test generation for Python.}, language = {en} } @article{TrautschErbelHerboldetal.2023, author = {Trautsch, Alexander and Erbel, Johannes and Herbold, Steffen and Grabowski, Jens}, title = {What really changes when developers intend to improve their source code: a commit-level study of static metric value and static analysis warning changes}, series = {Empirical Software Engineering}, volume = {28}, journal = {Empirical Software Engineering}, number = {2}, publisher = {Springer Nature}, address = {Berlin}, doi = {10.1007/s10664-022-10257-9}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:101:1-2023032321174386000821}, pages = {1 -- 40}, year = {2023}, language = {en} } @article{Mironchenko2023, author = {Mironchenko, Andrii}, title = {Well-posedness and properties of the flow for semilinear evolution equations}, series = {Mathematics of Control, Signals, and Systems}, volume = {36}, journal = {Mathematics of Control, Signals, and Systems}, number = {3}, publisher = {Springer Nature}, address = {Berlin}, doi = {10.1007/s00498-023-00378-x}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:101:1-2024022307494197431619}, pages = {483 -- 523}, year = {2023}, abstract = {We derive conditions for well-posedness of semilinear evolution equations with unbounded input operators. Based on this, we provide sufficient conditions for such properties of the flow map as Lipschitz continuity, bounded-implies-continuation property, boundedness of reachability sets, etc. These properties represent a basic toolbox for stability and robustness analysis of semilinear boundary control systems. We cover systems governed by general C0 -semigroups, and analytic semigroups that may have both boundary and distributed disturbances. We illustrate our findings on an example of a Burgers' equation with nonlinear local dynamics and both distributed and boundary disturbances.}, language = {en} } @article{HerboldTunkel2023, author = {Herbold, Steffen and Tunkel, Steffen}, title = {Differential testing for machine learning: an analysis for classification algorithms beyond deep learning}, series = {Empirical Software Engineering}, volume = {28}, journal = {Empirical Software Engineering}, number = {2}, publisher = {Springer Nature}, address = {Berlin}, doi = {10.1007/s10664-022-10273-9}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:101:1-2023033121421148821912}, pages = {1 -- 38}, year = {2023}, abstract = {Differential testing is a useful approach that uses different implementations of the same algorithms and compares the results for software testing. In recent years, this approach was successfully used for test campaigns of deep learning frameworks. There is little knowledge about the application of differential testing beyond deep learning. Within this article, we want to close this gap for classification algorithms. We conduct a case study using Scikit-learn, Weka, Spark MLlib, and Caret in which we identify the potential of differential testing by considering which algorithms are available in multiple frameworks, the feasibility by identifying pairs of algorithms that should exhibit the same behavior, and the effectiveness by executing tests for the identified pairs and analyzing the deviations. While we found a large potential for popular algorithms, the feasibility seems limited because, often, it is not possible to determine configurations that are the same in other frameworks. The execution of the feasible tests revealed that there is a large number of deviations for the scores and classes. Only a lenient approach based on statistical significance of classes does not lead to a huge amount of test failures. The potential of differential testing beyond deep learning seems limited for research into the quality of machine learning libraries. Practitioners may still use the approach if they have deep knowledge about implementations, especially if a coarse oracle that only considers significant differences of classes is sufficient.}, language = {en} } @article{RudolfSchaer2023, author = {Rudolf, Daniel and Sch{\"a}r, Philip}, title = {Dimension-independent spectral gap of polar slice sampling}, series = {Statistics and Computing}, volume = {34}, journal = {Statistics and Computing}, number = {1}, publisher = {Springer Nature}, address = {Berlin}, doi = {10.1007/s11222-023-10335-y}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:101:1-2024011821064231531382}, pages = {14 Seiten}, year = {2023}, abstract = {Polar slice sampling, a Markov chain construction for approximate sampling, performs, under suitable assumptions on the target and initial distribution, provably independent of the state space dimension. We extend the aforementioned result of Roberts and Rosenthal (Stoch Model 18(2):257-280, 2002) by developing a theory which identifies conditions, in terms of a generalized level set function, that imply an explicit lower bound on the spectral gap even in a general slice sampling context. Verifying the identified conditions for polar slice sampling yields a lower bound of 1/2 on the spectral gap for arbitrary dimension if the target density is rotationally invariant, log-concave along rays emanating from the origin and sufficiently smooth. The general theoretical result is potentially applicable beyond the polar slice sampling framework.}, language = {en} } @article{WeissgerberBenAmorFelliciousetal.2023, author = {Weißgerber, Thomas and Ben Amor, Mehdi and Fellicious, Christofer and Granitzer, Michael}, title = {PyPads: Transparent Machine Learning Experiment Tracking}, series = {Datenbank-Spektrum}, volume = {24}, journal = {Datenbank-Spektrum}, number = {1}, publisher = {Springer Nature}, address = {Berlin}, doi = {10.1007/s13222-023-00459-w}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:101:1-2024021511222778687954}, pages = {53 -- 62}, year = {2023}, abstract = {Despite algorithmic advancements in the field of machine learning, a need for improvement in the infrastructure supporting machine learning development and research has become increasingly apparent. Machine learning experiments usually tend to be more ad-hoc in nature, and results are communicated most often in the form of a publication. Experimental details are often omitted due to size or time constraints, or simply because the complexity in terms of technical setup or parametrization became intractable. Even access to code bases, disregard important properties of the environment and experimental setup, like for example random generators or computing infrastructure. At the same time, tracking and communicating an often inherently exploratory scientific process is a task with considerable effort. We explored different venues to tackle these issues from a data science engineering point of view. The efforts resulted in PyPads, a framework providing an infrastructure to extend experimental setups with logging, communication and analysis features in a mostly non-intrusive way. PyPads can be extended to different Python-based frameworks, utilizing community driven, descriptive metadata in an effort to harmonize library specific logs in an ontology. Meanwhile, we also try to emphasize similarities to practices in software engineering, which have turned out to be essential in practical applications.}, language = {en} } @phdthesis{Wharton2017, author = {Wharton, David}, title = {Language, Orthography and Buddhist Manuscript Culture of the Tai Nuea - an apocryphal jātaka text in Mueang Sing, Laos}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:739-opus4-5236}, school = {Universit{\"a}t Passau}, pages = {768 Seiten}, year = {2017}, abstract = {The focus of this study is a single manuscript in a Tai Nuea village near Mueang Sing in northwestern Laos, copied in 1935 and entitled Pukthanusati (Pali buddhānussati) 'the Recollection of the Buddha.' It is written in the Tai Nuea language and Lik Tho Ngok or 'Bean Sprout' script, and is in the form of a jātaka or narrative story of a former lifetime of the Buddha, the most popular genre for recitation. The thesis examines the lay manuscript culture of which it is a part and the language and orthography of its contents, and then provide a phonemic transcription and annotated English translation of the text together a complete glossary of terms and images of the manuscript. The detailed study of this one manuscript is used as an entry point for a broader investigation of Lik manuscript culture as found in Mueang Sing today, including the distinct roles of the Lik and Tham orthographies, scribal vocation, manuscript production, uses and functions, and the contents of the texts. The Pukthanusati text is then the basis for examination of phonological aspects of language use in the recitation of Lik manuscript literature and the historical context of the dialect's phonemes as well as Burmese and Indic forms occurring as loanwords. The Lik Tho Ngok orthography is also placed in context through an overview of its historical development, including possible prototypes and phonological influences, the twentieth century reforms of some traditional orthographies and the question of orthographic depth. The Lik Tho Ngok orthography as found in the manuscript studied is then described in detail, with tables and accompanying notes illustrating the inventories of consonant and vowel glyphs, consonant clusters, ligatures and special orthographic forms, use of subscripts and superscripts, numerals, punctuation, and the Tai Nuea spelling system. The phonemic transcription and annotated English translation of the text illustrate the rhyming structure and other features of specialised language use in Lik manuscript culture. The Tai Nuea and a number of closely related Tai groups have generally been overlooked in the field of Buddhist Studies. The study of this manuscript culture therefore contributes to our understanding of local practices on the northern periphery of Theravāda Buddhist influence in mainland Southeast Asia in addition to responding to an urgent need to examine and document this endangered scribal tradition and it specialised use of language and orthography.}, subject = {Buddhistische Literatur}, language = {en} } @phdthesis{DwiLaksmana2023, author = {Dwi Laksmana, Dimas}, title = {Knowledge in the making : embodying transdisciplinary moments on organic agriculture in Yogyakarta, Indonesia}, address = {Passau}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:739-opus4-12667}, school = {Universit{\"a}t Passau}, pages = {154 Seiten}, year = {2023}, abstract = {Organic agriculture in Java, Indonesia, has been historically intertwined with social movements that struggled for more economically, ecologically, culturally, and socially sustainable agriculture. While these grassroots movements emerged under an authoritarian government that showed little interest in organic agriculture, the turn of the 21st century saw the rapid involvement of the Indonesian government in supporting, regulating and, arguably, commodifying organic agriculture. Institutionalization triggered diverse responses from competing organic actors, reflecting their different standpoints and knowledges. In this context, a transdisciplinary approach is deemed suitable to provide context-specific insights into organic agriculture. This dissertation draws on anthropology and Science and Technology Studies (STS) to explore the politics of knowledge of organic agriculture in Yogyakarta, Indonesia, as a contribution to a critique of transdisciplinarity. My interest on the hierarchization of different knowledges is inspired by the work of anthropologists of knowledge that asks how the communities they study construct knowledge and how they themselves construct knowledge about these communities. Since transdisciplinary knowledge is co-produced by science and society and reflects their embedded power relations, transdisciplinary research needs to be open to different interpretations, and reflexive towards the unequal distribution of resources, accountability, and responsibility. By linking these two lines of thought, I examine the making of knowledges through reflexive transdisciplinary work. I reflect on how "epistemic living space" (Felt 2009) and "co-presence" (Chua 2015) affect research and shape the politics of knowledge of organic agriculture in Yogyakarta, Indonesia. I argue that the hierarchization of different knowledges of organic agriculture was intertwined with my shifting positionalities, as a field researcher in Indonesia and PhD student at Passau University, as I moved between these two different "field sites". This cumulative dissertation is divided into two parts. In Part I, "Knowledge in the making", I present my contributions towards transdisciplinary knowledge production and politics of knowledge of organic agriculture. Part II, "Publications", comprises the three stand-alone papers. The first contribution is my formulation of the notion of knowledge in the making. The second is my exploration of the ways that reflexive transdisciplinary work, and living and intersubjective experience shape knowledge in the making. The third is my demonstration of how an understanding of knowledge in the making sheds lights on the politics of knowledge of organic agriculture. This approach serves to examine the politics involved in synthesizing the conceptualizations of organic agriculture employed by different actors into one overarching narrative, such as sustainable agriculture or alternative agriculture. My final contribution is the notion of transdisciplinary moments, a conceptualization of transdisciplinary research practice that accounts for the politics of knowledge in which both scientific and extra-scientific actors are embedded. As a conclusion, I share the lessons learned from pursuing a PhD as a cumulative dissertation in an unstructured setting within a German-Indonesian research project on Indonesian organic agriculture. Finally, I identify bodies of literature and strands of thinking for future engagement within transdisciplinary research and discuss their potential to contribute to radical change in the institutional and value structures of contemporary academia.}, language = {en} } @misc{Mexis2023, type = {Master Thesis}, author = {Mexis, Nico}, title = {A Comprehensive Comparison of Fuzzy Extractor Schemes Employing Different Error Correction Codes}, volume = {2023}, doi = {10.15475/ccfesedecc.2023}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:739-opus4-12914}, school = {Universit{\"a}t Passau}, pages = {vii, 100 Seiten}, year = {2023}, abstract = {This thesis deals with fuzzy extractors, security primitives often used in conjunction with Physical Unclonable Functions (PUFs). A fuzzy extractor works in two stages: The generation phase and the reproduction phase. In the generation phase, an Error Correction Code (ECC) is used to compute redundant bits for a given PUF response, which are then stored as helper data, and a key is extracted from the response. Then, in the reproduction phase, another (possibly noisy) PUF response can be used in conjunction with this helper data to extract the original key. It is clear that the performance of the fuzzy extractor is strongly dependent on the underlying ECC. Therefore, a comparison of ECCs in the context of fuzzy extractors is essential in order to make them as suitable as possible for a given situation. It is important to note that due to the plethora of various PUFs with different characteristics, it is very unrealistic to propose a single metric by which the suitability of a given ECC can be measured. First, we give a brief introduction to the topic, followed by a detailed description of the background of the ECCs and fuzzy extractors studied. Then, we summarise related work and describe an implementation of the ECCs under consideration. Finally, we carry out the actual comparison of the ECCs and the thesis concludes with a summary of the results and suggestions for future work.}, subject = {Vorw{\"a}rtsfehlerkorrektur}, language = {en} } @article{ErdoganHassen, author = {Erdogan, G{\"u}lsah and Hassen, Wiem Fekih}, title = {Charging scheduling of hybrid energy storage systems for EV charging stations}, series = {Energies}, volume = {2023}, journal = {Energies}, number = {16}, publisher = {MDPI}, address = {Basel}, doi = {10.3390/en16186656}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:739-opus4-14128}, pages = {29 Seiten}, abstract = {The growing demand for electric vehicles (EV) in the last decade and the most recent European Commission regulation to only allow EV on the road from 2035 involved the necessity to design a cost-effective and sustainable EV charging station (CS). A crucial challenge for charging stations arises from matching fluctuating power supplies and meeting peak load demand. The overall objective of this paper is to optimize the charging scheduling of a hybrid energy storage system (HESS) for EV charging stations while maximizing PV power usage and reducing grid energy costs. This goal is achieved by forecasting the PV power and the load demand using different deep learning (DL) algorithms such as the recurrent neural network (RNN) and long short-term memory (LSTM). Then, the predicted data are adopted to design a scheduling algorithm that determines the optimal charging time slots for the HESS. The findings demonstrate the efficiency of the proposed approach, showcasing a root-mean-square error (RMSE) of 5.78\% for real-time PV power forecasting and 9.70\% for real-time load demand forecasting. Moreover, the proposed scheduling algorithm reduces the total grid energy cost by 12.13\%.}, language = {en} } @article{Fritz2022, author = {Fritz, Manuela}, title = {Wave after wave: determining the temporal lag in Covid-19 infections and deaths using spatial panel data from Germany}, series = {Journal of Spatial Econometrics}, volume = {2022}, journal = {Journal of Spatial Econometrics}, number = {3}, publisher = {Springer Nature}, address = {Berlin}, doi = {10.1007/s43071-022-00027-6}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:101:1-2022112821095396799160}, pages = {30 Seiten}, year = {2022}, abstract = {The Covid-19 pandemic requires a continuous evaluation of whether current policies and measures taken are sufficient to protect vulnerable populations. One quantitative indicator of policy effectiveness and pandemic severity is the case fatality ratio, which relies on the lagged number of infections relative to current deaths. The appropriate length of the time lag to be used, however, is heavily debated. In this article, I contribute to this debate by determining the temporal lag between the number of infections and deaths using daily panel data from Germany's 16 federal states. To account for the dynamic spatial spread of the virus, I rely on different spatial econometric models that allow not only to consider the infections in a given state but also spill over effects through infections in neighboring federal states. My results suggest that a wave of infections within a given state is followed by increasing death rates 12 days later. Yet, if the number of infections in other states rises, the number of death cases within that given state subsequently decreases. The results of this article contribute to the better understanding of the dynamic spatio-temporal spread of the virus in Germany, which is indispensable for the design of effective policy responses.}, language = {en} } @techreport{EjibaOlajide2025, author = {Ejiba, Ikenna V. and Olajide, Adeola O.}, title = {Does translocality influence climate change adaption of rural farming households? : evidence from Arochukwu, southeast Nigeria}, number = {5}, editor = {Ungruhe, Christian and Wehner, Stefanie}, doi = {10.15475/mitrawa.upa5}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:739-opus4-15773}, pages = {10 Seiten}, year = {2025}, abstract = {Impacts of climate change are a burden for many rural communities in the global south, and particularly affect vulnerable farming households, that depend on agriculture for their sustenance. Understanding how vulnerable rural migrant households respond to this, from a translocal perspective can help to build households' resilience to climate change. While studies in Nigeria have assessed the impact of migration as a means of adaptation, studies assessing the influence of vulnerable households, using this approach is limited. This study therefore assessed how translocality influence adaptation to climate change, for vulnerable rural households in Arochukwu, southeast Nigeria. To achieve this objective, a multistage purposive random sampling technique was used to collect data from rural farm households. Primary data were collected from the households in the Area of Origin (AoO) and Area of Destination (AoD) using survey and interviews, and analysed using mixed methods analysis. Results indicate that rainfall variability and high temperature are the most risks encountered, resulting in crop losses. As a means of adaptation, migrant and non-migrant households engage in off-season migration to urban and rural areas, with more migrant households engaging in off-season rural-urban and rural-rural migration. Among migrant households, flow of resources occur, with the type of item determining the medium of exchange; while households in the AoO pay less attention to agricultural investment. Migrant and non-migrant households also differ significantly in terms of the number of adaptation measures employed. Findings from the empirical analysis on the influence of translocality on adaptation indicate that, perception of climate change, household size, and the transfer of ideas, knowledge, and innovation by migrants to their households in the AoO significantly influence adaptation of rural farming households. The research makes a case for consideration of translocality in national adaptation plans, aimed at building resilience of rural households in Southeast Nigeria.}, language = {en} }