@phdthesis{Wagner2019, author = {Wagner, Amata}, title = {(Un)Bewegte Kunst - Ekphrasis als intermediales Ph{\"a}nomen im Bedeutungssystem Film}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:739-opus4-8605}, school = {Universit{\"a}t Passau}, pages = {vii, 329 Seiten}, year = {2019}, abstract = {Die vorliegende Arbeit erforscht den Einsatz von Ekphrasen in audiovisuellen Texten. Der urspr{\"u}nglich aus der antiken Rhetoriklehre stammende Begriff bezeichnet die literarische Beschreibung von bildender Kunst und wird im Rahmen dieser Untersuchung auf den Film {\"u}bertragen. Ziel der Analyse filmischer Beschreibungen von Kunst, speziell Malerei, ist es zu eruieren, wie Kunstwerke im Sinne der Bedeutungsvermittlung semantisch aufgeladen respektive funktionalisiert werden. Zentrale Forschungsgegenst{\"a}nde bilden demnach die Medien Bild und Film - somit ist die gesamte Arbeit in den Kontext des Intermedialit{\"a}tsdiskurses eingebettet. Als Korpus dient ein Konglomerat an Texten, das neben zentralen Schl{\"u}sselwerken insbesondere j{\"u}ngere - zwischen 2011 und 2016 entstandene -, wenig bis kaum erforschte Filme umfasst.}, subject = {Film}, language = {de} } @book{OPUS4-1607, title = {Mater Genetrix}, editor = {Hertrampf, Marina Ortrud M.}, publisher = {Walter der Gruyter}, address = {Berlin}, isbn = {978-3-11-155875-2}, doi = {10.1515/9783111558752}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:101:1-2410221648369.521257990742}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}t Passau}, pages = {VI, 228 Seiten}, year = {2024}, abstract = {Que signifie {\^e}tre m{\`e}re ? Les r{\´e}ponses {\`a} cette question ont vari{\´e} fortement au cours des si{\`e}cles, {\´e}voluant avec les paradigmes id{\´e}ologiques et culturels qui sous-tendent le statut des femmes dans la soci{\´e}t{\´e}. La conception des femmes en tant que m{\`e}res, leur rapport {\`a} la maternit{\´e} sont {\´e}troitement li{\´e}s {\`a} leurs possibilit{\´e}s sociales et mat{\´e}rielles d'auto-d{\´e}termination, ainsi qu'{\`a} l'autonomie corporelle dont elles disposent ou pas. Au-del{\`a} de la dichotomie traditionnelle entre m{\`e}re id{\´e}alis{\´e}e par la religion ou le patriotisme et m{\`e}re « monstrueuse » qui n{\´e}glige, torture ou m{\^e}me tue ses enfants, les contributions r{\´e}unies dans ce volume analysent un {\´e}ventail contrast{\´e} de figures maternelles dans la litt{\´e}rature fran{\c{c}}aise et francophone des 20e et 21e si{\`e}cles, et interroge les objectifs de leur mise en sc{\`e}ne - de la d{\´e}fense de positions f{\´e}ministes {\`a} une confrontation d'ordre th{\´e}rapeutique, voire narcissique, avec la mater genetrix.}, language = {fr} } @misc{Seefried2023, author = {Seefried, Romina}, title = {Semantische Vielfalt im ‚freien' Erz{\"a}hlraum. Semiotische Aspekte der Early-Literacy-F{\"o}rderung im Kontext von Multimodalit{\"a}t}, issn = {2364-9224}, doi = {10.15475/skms.2023.1.12}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:739-opus4-11805}, pages = {355 -- 382}, year = {2023}, abstract = {Der Beitrag „Semantische Vielfalt im ‚freien' Erz{\"a}hlraum. Semiotische Aspekte der Early-Literacy-F{\"o}rderung im Kontext von Multimodalit{\"a}t" von Romina Seefried betrachtet verschiedene Storytelling-Formate, die f{\"u}r eine handlungs- und produktionsorientierte F{\"o}rderung des m{\"u}ndlichen Erz{\"a}hlens im Rahmen der Early-Literacy-F{\"o}rderung genutzt werden und analysiert deren multimodales Potenzial.}, language = {de} } @misc{Grossmann2023, author = {Großmann, Stephanie}, title = {Multimodale Deutschlandkonzeptionen. Kurt Tucholskys Deutschland, Deutschland {\"u}ber alles (1929) und Nora Krugs Heimat. Ein deutsches Familienalbum (2018)}, issn = {2364-9224}, doi = {10.15475/skms.2023.1.3}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:739-opus4-11713}, pages = {93 -- 116}, year = {2023}, abstract = {Der Beitrag „Multimodale Deutschlandkonzeptionen. Kurt Tucholskys Deutschland, Deutschland {\"u}ber alles (1929) und Nora Krugs Heimat. Ein deutsches Familienalbum (2018)" von Stephanie Großmann zeigt im Vergleich zweier Text-Bild-Beziehungen, Kurt Tucholskys Deutschland, Deutschland {\"u}ber alles von 1929 und Nora Krugs Heimat. Ein deutsches Familienalbum von 2018, das konzeptuelle Potential dieser Multimodalit{\"a}t wie deren jeweilige historisch-ideologische Instrumentalisierung im Kontext ‚Deutschlandbilder' auf.}, language = {de} } @misc{Haenselmann2023, author = {H{\"a}nselmann, Matthias C.}, title = {Die innere Gestalt der Worte. Zur Multimodalit{\"a}t von Poesiefilmen}, doi = {10.15475/skms.2023.1.5}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:739-opus4-11737}, pages = {147 -- 166}, year = {2023}, abstract = {Der Beitrag „Die innere Gestalt der Worte. Zur Multimodalit{\"a}t von Poesiefilmen" von Matthias C. H{\"a}nselmann widmet sich der relativ neuen Filmgattung des Poesiefilms und lotet aus, welche Modalit{\"a}ten bei der {\"U}berf{\"u}hrung einer literarisch-lyrischen Gedichtvorlage in filmische Strukturen wie zum Einsatz kommen, und erweitert damit das systematisch-theoretische Feld ‚klassischer' Multimodalit{\"a}t.}, language = {de} } @techreport{Hartwig2024, author = {Hartwig, Susanne}, title = {Abschlussbericht zu "Erz{\"a}hlung, Erwartung, Erfahrung. Behinderung im zeitgen{\"o}ssischen europ{\"a}ischen Theater und Film"}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:739-opus4-15686}, pages = {12 Seiten}, year = {2024}, abstract = {Das Projekt EEE (429281822) setzt sich zum Ziel, die Wirkung von Theaterauff{\"u}hrungen und Filmen mit Darsteller:innen mit „geistiger" Behinderung auf die Vorstellungsbilder von „geistiger" Behinderung systematisch darzustellen. Das Fortsetzungsprojekt EEEM hat zum Ziel, die Ergebnisse des Forschungsprojektes EEE niedrigschwellig einer breiten {\"O}ffentlichkeit zu vermitteln.}, language = {de} } @article{Bleyer2009, author = {Bleyer, Bernhard}, title = {Was tr{\"a}gt das Hoffen, wenn man nicht glaubt? : die Frage nach dem Absoluten im Angesicht des nahen Sterbens}, series = {Hospiz-Zeitschrift}, volume = {11 (2009)}, journal = {Hospiz-Zeitschrift}, number = {42 (2009/4)}, doi = {10.15475/wthwmng.2009}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:739-opus4-14937}, pages = {9 -- 12}, year = {2009}, abstract = {"Der Autor versucht hier keine Grenzziehung, religi{\"o}se von nichtreligi{\"o}sen Motivationen der Hospiz- und Palliativarbeit zu trennen, sondern positioniert selber die Notwendigkeit eines Glaubensmomentes dort, wo angesichts des nahenden Todes der Sprung in die konkrete Frage nach dem Danach nur schwer atheistisch oder humanistisch begleitet werden kann. Deutlich wird, dass Begleitung eine z.T. doch inhaltlich deckungsgleiche Sprache ben{\"o}tigt, wobei es schon ausreichen kann, wenn zwei sich darin einig sind, dass wir nicht sprechen k{\"o}nnen von dem, was wir nicht erfahren k{\"o}nnen. Begleitung wird formal , wenn sie „nur" ausdr{\"u}ckt: „Ich verstehe zwar, dass Du eine Frage hast, ich verstehe aber nicht, was Du erfragst." Muss also ein, „ich verstehe zumindest, wonach Du fragst", n{\"o}tig sein?"}, language = {de} } @phdthesis{Binder2024, author = {Binder, Alexandra}, title = {Universit{\"a}t nachhaltig bauen. Vom Architekturwettbewerb zur gebauten Realit{\"a}t am Campus Passau}, isbn = {978-3-00-080180-8}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:739-opus4-14993}, school = {Universit{\"a}t Passau}, pages = {348 Seiten}, year = {2024}, abstract = {In der Praxis wird f{\"u}r den Bildungssektor, insbesondere f{\"u}r Universit{\"a}ten, bereits nachhaltig gebaut. H{\"a}ufig kommen hierzu Architekturwettbewerbe als regulierendes Instrument zum Einsatz. In der Theorie jedoch, im Bereich der Architekturgeschichte, wurde dieses Zusammenspiel noch wenig tiefgreifend behandelt. Vor allem, da es sich um ein architekturhistorisch junges Themenfeld handelt. Speziell {\"u}ber die nachhaltige Bauweise am Campus Passau, der erst in den 1970er Jahren im Zuge eines st{\"a}dtebaulichen Ideen- und Bauwettbewerbes entstand und stetig erweitert wird, und deren Wurzeln ist der {\"O}ffentlichkeit wenig bekannt. Um diese Informationsl{\"u}cke zu schließen und die Frage zu beantworten, wie Architekturwettbewerbe im Allgemeinen eine nachhaltige Baukultur f{\"u}r Universit{\"a}ten beg{\"u}nstigen oder sogar festschreiben k{\"o}nnen, ist die Dissertation „UNIVERSIT{\"A}T NACHHALTIG BAUEN" entstanden. In ihr wird im Zuge der Erforschung der Architekturgeschichte der Universit{\"a}t Passau analysiert, wie Architekturwettbewerbe die Entstehung ihres nachhaltigen Campus etabliert haben und wie sie das auch weiterhin tun. Somit wird ein signifikanter Beitrag zur architektur- sowie insbesondere ideengeschichtlichen Aufarbeitung von Wettbewerbsverfahren als Instrument nachhaltigen Hochschulbaus geleistet. Im Besonderen wird die Identit{\"a}t der Universit{\"a}t Passau als nachhaltige Hochschule {\"u}ber die Darlegung der Tradition klimafreundlichen Bauens am Campus, welche ihren Ursprung in Konkurrenzen hat, gefestigt. Diese exemplarische Entwicklung mit Leitbildcharakter wird erstmals unter Fokussierung auf ein zukunftsweisendes, aktuell sehr pr{\"a}sentes Thema Nachhaltigkeit, zusammenh{\"a}ngend systematisch dokumentiert, analysiert, kontextualisiert sowie kritisch diskutiert. Ziel dieser Vorgehensweise ist es, einen Nachweis fortdauernder nachhaltiger Baukultur, Architektur sowie nachhaltigen St{\"a}dtebaus am Beispiel des Campus Passau zu erbringen. Untersucht wird die Zeitspanne ab der Gr{\"u}ndung anhand der Analyse der entsprechenden Architekturwettbewerbe, mit Schwerpunkt auf das urspr{\"u}ngliche Verfahren der 70er Jahre f{\"u}r den Campus am Inn bis hin zum aktuellen Verfahren f{\"u}r den Neubau des Internationalen Wissenschaftszentrums am Spitzberg. Die so entstandenen neuen Erkenntnisse bereichern mittels Br{\"u}ckenschl{\"a}gen zwischen Theorie und Praxis die Nachhaltigkeitsforschung und den bestehenden architekturwissenschaftlichen Diskurs, er{\"o}ffnen neue Forschungsperspektiven, werden einer breiten {\"O}ffentlichkeit erstmals zug{\"a}nglich gemacht. Sie k{\"o}nnen unter anderem als Vorbild und unterst{\"u}tzendes Begleitmaterial zuk{\"u}nftiger Planungen dienen. Hervorzuheben ist dabei immer der Fokus auf die historische Entwicklung, architektonische Revolution und Tradition, die zur heutigen Identit{\"a}t des Campus Passau f{\"u}hrte.}, language = {de} } @phdthesis{Limbrunner2023, author = {Limbrunner, Franziska}, title = {D{\"u}stere Visionen: Die Neuverhandlung westlicher Wertekonzepte in franz{\"o}sischsprachigen Dystopien des 21. Jahrhunderts}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:739-opus4-11890}, school = {Universit{\"a}t Passau}, pages = {VI, 329 Seiten}, year = {2023}, abstract = {Diese Arbeit zeigt mittels einer vergleichenden Analyse repr{\"a}sentativer Einzelwerke aus der frankophonen Romanproduktion die Kerndiskurse der franz{\"o}sischsprachigen Dystopie im 21. Jahrhundert auf. Durch die Herausarbeitung der neuen thematischen Schwerpunkte wird nicht nur umfassend Einblick in die Gattungsentwicklung der letzten Jahre im Rahmen der frankophonen Kulturlandschaft gegeben, sondern es treten dabei sowohl die dystopischen Anliegen und Bef{\"u}rchtungen hervor, die spezifisch f{\"u}r die franz{\"o}sische Bev{\"o}lkerung sind, als auch andere, die gewissermaßen als allgemein zivilisatorisch angesehen werden k{\"o}nnen.}, language = {de} } @phdthesis{Jakob2025, author = {Jakob, Dietmar Friedrich}, title = {Teilhabegerechtigkeit bei der digitalen Inklusion {\"a}lterer Erwachsener: Eine Potenzialanalyse von Sprachassistenten}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:739-opus4-15849}, school = {Universit{\"a}t Passau}, pages = {xiii, 224 Seiten}, year = {2025}, abstract = {This cumulative dissertation delves into the complexities and opportunities surrounding older adults' adoption and use of Voice Assistants (VAs), focusing on digital participation equity from theologic-ethical and social perspectives. Through an extensive series of methodologically diverse studies—including systematic literature reviews, laboratory experiments, surveys, and field studies—the research aims to uncover how older adults perceive, interact with, and are impacted by technologies, such as the particular model "Amazon Echo Show 10, 3rd generation with integrated voice interface ALEXA". The investigation also seeks to pinpoint the obstacles that impede the adoption of these technologies among this demographic. The research initially demonstrates that older adults can recognize the utility of VAs in various applications, including information retrieval, entertainment, and health management. The findings underscore the importance of these devices in enhancing the quality of life by providing easier access to essential services and facilitating social interaction, even among those who may be physically isolated. However, the dissertation identifies significant concerns among older adults regarding privacy and data security, influencing their willingness to embrace VAs. The devices' complexity and occasional interaction difficulties—such as command formulation and speech recognition issues—further challenge their usability for this group. A notable and unique aspect of the study is the anthropomorphization of devices by some older adults. This behavior, where users attribute human-like characteristics or emotional connections to VAs, suggests deeper psychological and social dimensions in the user-technology relationship. This phenomenon is examined to understand its implications for technology acceptance and the potential for these devices to mitigate feelings of loneliness and social isolation. In summary, this dissertation provides practical recommendations for enhancing the design, communication, and functionality of VAs to better cater to the needs and preferences of older adults. It underscores the importance of technology development that respects the dignity and autonomy of older individuals, ensuring their digital participation and equity. The work advocates for a comprehensive approach that integrates ethical considerations into technology design and dissemination, thereby promoting a framework that supports the full inclusion of older adults in the digital world.}, language = {mul} } @phdthesis{Weishaeupl2025, author = {Weish{\"a}upl, Andreas}, title = {Zur Bedeutung der maximalen Laktatbildungsrate in Diagnostik und Training am Beispiel Skilanglauf und Radsport}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:739-opus4-15801}, school = {Universit{\"a}t Passau}, pages = {XVII, 257 Seiten}, year = {2025}, abstract = {Die Arbeit beleuchtet die Bedeutung der maximalen Laktatbildungsrate (V̇Lamax) f{\"u}r die Leistungsdiagnostik und die Trainingspraxis. F{\"u}r die Sportart Skilanglauf wurde ein neuer Sprinttest zur Bestimmung der V̇Lamax am Skiergometer entwickelt, der sich als reliabel und valide erwiesen hat. Dabei wurden verschiedene Ans{\"a}tze zur Bestimmung der alaktaziden Zeit genauer betrachtet. Außerdem wurde der Sprinttest am Skiergometer mit dem etablierten Sprinttest am Radergometer verglichen, wobei festgestellt werden konnte, dass die V̇Lamax sportart- und extremit{\"a}tsspezifisch getestet werden sollte. Zudem wurde die Auswirkung von Intervalltraining unterschiedlicher Intensit{\"a}t im Radsport untersucht. Hochintensives Ausdauertraining scheint dabei die V̇Lamax zu steigern, wohingegen submaximales Sweetspot-Training die V̇Lamax zu senken scheint.}, subject = {Leistungsdiagnostik}, language = {de} } @phdthesis{Patil2025, author = {Patil, Amit Dilip}, title = {Towards Resilient Protection of Interconnected ICT and Power Systems}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:739-opus4-16088}, school = {Universit{\"a}t Passau}, pages = {xxii, 173 Seiten}, year = {2025}, abstract = {Due to the increasing number of distributed renewable energy sources, the distribution grid faces new operational challenges. Information and Communication Technology (ICT) systems can resolve these challenges through grid services that use automation, monitoring, and real-time decision-making, helping maintain an acceptable operational state of the distribution grid. However, the reliance of the power system on the ICT system and vice versa in the so-called smart grid creates interdependencies between the systems, which present new pathways for failure propagation. Therefore, these interdependencies require special attention to ensure stable system operation in the face of these challenges. However, these interdependencies have not been studied extensively in the literature. This thesis investigates approaches to model, quantify and improve the performance and resilience of the smart grid infrastructure. The interdependencies are formalised as interconnectors, entities that exist in all the connected systems. These interconnectors consist of components from both systems, where the components are modelled as state variables. These state variables determine the interconnector state and the service delivered. Failures represented by a change in state variables may impact the state. These state variables are deployed in a discrete event simulation framework to determine the system performance over time. The simulation result is represented on a two-dimensional state-space diagram depicting the operational state and service delivered. This allows for the resilience analysis of a system under various scenarios. The interdependencies are further investigated by exploring the role of ICT-based grid services in power grids, whose state is defined based on ICT properties, such as latency. These properties are formalised using property graphs. The ICT properties obtained from these graphs are used to parameterise a finite state automaton model of a grid service states, which are then used to determine the state of the entire smart grid. Case studies of state estimation and adaptive protection highlight the application of this approach. The use of ICT in state estimation allows the distinction of a global and perceived view of the power grid, which influences decision-making in the face of challenges. This thesis further investigates the protection system in detail. The overcurrent protection system is adversely impacted by distributed generation, resulting in undesired phenomena such as protection blinding. This thesis characterises this phenomenon by proposing two indices that capture the protection trip time under the influence of distributed generation. These indices consider the electrical distance between faults, protection and distributed generation. These indices and simulation results identify the worst-impacted locations in the power grid in terms of protection trip time. They also identify fault locations under given assumptions that do not cause protection blinding. ICT can resolve protection blinding by adapting the sensitivity of protection relays. However, since faults must be cleared in a short timeframe, communication delays may adversely impact the fault-clearing time. A discrete event simulation model is proposed to study protection performance in distribution grids. Investigation of time distribution assumptions reveals that the lognormal distribution accurately captures the circuit breaker trip time. The impact of the distributed generation and communication delay on the protection system is determined by measuring fault-clearing times using discrete event simulation. Results show that for the system studied, protection blinding is critical for low impedance faults in grids with high fault levels, while high impedance faults are critical in grids with low fault levels. Moreover, sympathetic tripping is seen at increased distribution grid fault levels and fault impedance. Furthermore, while communication systems reduce fault clearing times, increased delays harm protection systems. Finally, communication system components like sensors can fail, preventing fault detection. This thesis proposes a genetic algorithm-based approach to optimally place redundant sensors, minimising protection blinding under communication uncertainty within a redundancy budget. Results demonstrate the algorithm's effectiveness in optimising redundant sensor locations, reducing system costs, and improving fault tolerance. For the system and scenarios investigated, an average of 60\% redundant sensors are relocated, reducing the average protection trip time by 36.65\% compared to a baseline approach that does not consider communication uncertainty. This encourages incorporating communication component failure considerations in power system planning.}, language = {en} } @article{Fritz2022, author = {Fritz, Manuela}, title = {Temperature and non-communicable diseases: Evidence from Indonesia's primary health care system}, series = {Health Economics}, volume = {31}, journal = {Health Economics}, number = {11}, publisher = {Wiley}, address = {Hoboken}, doi = {10.1002/hec.4590}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:739-opus4-11429}, pages = {2445 -- 2464}, year = {2022}, abstract = {Climate change induced rising temperatures will pose a detrimental threat to decent health in the coming decades. Especially at risk are individuals with chronic diseases, since heat can exacerbate a variety of health conditions. In this article, I examine the heat-morbidity relationship in the context of Indonesia, focusing on chronic, non-communicable diseases, namely diabetes, cardiovascular and respiratory diseases. Using a novel dataset from the Indonesian national health insurance scheme Jaminan Kesehatan Nasional/Badan Penyelenggara Jaminan Sosial (BPJS) and linking it with meteorological data on the daily-district level, I estimate the causal effect of high temperatures on the daily number of primary health care visits. The results show that on a hot day all-cause visits and visits with a diagnosis of diabetes and cardiovascular diseases increase by 8\%, 25\% and 14\%, respectively. These increases are permanent and not offset by visit displacement or 'harvesting'. Visits related to respiratory diseases seem not to be affected by high temperatures. I use several climate change scenarios to predict the increase in visits and costs by the end of the century, which all forecast a substantial financial burden for the health care system. These results might have relevance for other middle-income countries with similar climatic conditions.}, language = {en} } @misc{KottSchusterGrossetal.2025, author = {Kott, Annette and Schuster, Jennifer and Groß, Rainer and Bauer, Christoph}, title = {Maßnahmenkatalog Green IT an bayerischen Hochschulen}, organization = {Digitalverbund Bayern}, doi = {10.15475/DVB-GIT.2025}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:739-opus4-15327}, pages = {VII, 43 Seiten}, year = {2025}, abstract = {"Der vorliegende Maßnahmenkatalog bietet abgestimmte Empfehlungen, um Nachhaltigkeit f{\"u}r bayerische Hochschulen im Bereich Green IT zu f{\"o}rdern. Ziel ist es, energieeffizientes Verhalten zu unterst{\"u}tzen und die IT-Landschaft nachhaltiger zu gestalten. Die Maßnahmen zielen nicht nur auf die F{\"o}rderung eines verantwortungsvollen Handelns ab, sondern bieten auch das Potenzial, langfristig Kosteneinsparungen durch einen energieeffizienten Betrieb zu erzielen. Gleichzeitig wird nachhaltiges Handeln durch gesetzliche Vorgaben wie dem Energieeffizienzgesetz zunehmend verbindlicher, da auch Hochschulen diesen Anforderungen unterliegen. Der Maßnahmenkatalog unterst{\"u}tzt dabei, diese regulatorischen Anforderungen zu erf{\"u}llen und gleichzeitig einen wesentlichen Beitrag zur Ressourcenschonung sowie zur Reduzierung von Treibhausgasemissionen zu leisten." (Zielsetzung, Seite III)}, language = {de} } @article{FekihHassenChallouf2024, author = {Fekih Hassen, Wiem and Challouf, Maher}, title = {Long short-term renewable energy sources prediction for grid-management systems based on stacking ensemble model}, series = {Energies}, volume = {2024}, journal = {Energies}, number = {17(13)}, doi = {10.3390/en17133145}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:739-opus4-14649}, pages = {19 Seiten}, year = {2024}, abstract = {The transition towards sustainable energy systems necessitates effective management of renewable energy sources alongside conventional grid infrastructure. This paper presents a comprehensive approach to optimizing grid management by integrating Photovoltaic (PV), wind, and grid energies to minimize costs and enhance sustainability. A key focus lies in developing an accurate scheduling algorithm utilizing Mixed Integer Programming (MIP), enabling dynamic allocation of energy resources to meet demand while minimizing reliance on cost-intensive grid energy. An ensemble learning technique, specifically a stacking algorithm, is employed to construct a robust forecasting pipeline for PV and wind energy generation. The forecasting model achieves remarkable accuracy with a Root Mean Squared Error (RMSE) of less than 0.1 for short-term (15 min and one day ahead) and long-term (one week and one month ahead) predictions. By combining optimization and forecasting methodologies, this research contributes to advancing grid management systems capable of harnessing renewable energy sources efficiently, thus facilitating cost savings and fostering sustainability in the energy sector.}, language = {en} } @article{BleyerZink2019, author = {Bleyer, Bernhard and Zink, Roland}, title = {Sustainable Development Goals und ihre Orientierungsfunktion f{\"u}r angewandte Wissenschaften}, series = {Bavarian Journal of Applied Science}, volume = {2019}, journal = {Bavarian Journal of Applied Science}, number = {5}, address = {Deggendorf}, doi = {10.15475/sdgoaw.2019}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:739-opus4-14372}, pages = {406 -- 411}, year = {2019}, abstract = {Editorial des Bavarian Journal of Applied Science 5}, language = {de} } @misc{Bleyer2019, author = {Bleyer, Bernhard}, title = {Sven Ove Hansson (Hrsg.), The Ethics of Technology. Methods and Approaches}, series = {TATuP - Zeitschrift f{\"u}r Technikfolgenabsch{\"a}tzung in Theorie und Praxis 28/3}, volume = {28 (2019)}, journal = {TATuP - Zeitschrift f{\"u}r Technikfolgenabsch{\"a}tzung in Theorie und Praxis 28/3}, number = {3}, publisher = {Oekom Verlag}, doi = {10.14512/tatup.28.3.73}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:739-opus4-14436}, pages = {73 -- 74}, year = {2019}, abstract = {Rezension zu Hansson (Hg.): The ethics of technology : methods and approaches, erschienen 2017 bei Rowman \& Littlefield (978-1-78348-658-8)}, language = {de} } @phdthesis{KravetsMeinke2025, author = {Kravets-Meinke, Daria}, title = {Search Engines and Foreign Influence: How Google and Yandex Mediate Russia's Propaganda Abroad}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:739-opus4-15953}, school = {Universit{\"a}t Passau}, pages = {146 Seiten}, year = {2025}, abstract = {This cumulative dissertation examined how the US-based Google and Russia-based Yandex mediate the propaganda efforts of Russia's ruling elites abroad on a case study of Belarus. The findings presented here contribute to a nuanced understanding of how algorithmic gatekeepers, particularly search engines, can be strategically appropriated or manipulated to reinforce and export state narratives beyond national borders. The main conclusion of this dissertation is that both Yandex and Google, albeit through different mechanisms and to varying extents, can serve as mediators of Russia's propaganda efforts abroad.}, language = {en} } @article{BlancAnnekatrin2025, author = {Blanc, Julia and Annekatrin, Meißner}, title = {Towards a holistic approach to sustainable development : inner development as a missing link for sustainability transformation}, series = {Religions (Special issue "Sustainable development : the normative contribution of theology")}, volume = {2025}, journal = {Religions (Special issue "Sustainable development : the normative contribution of theology")}, number = {16(1)}, publisher = {MDPI}, address = {Basel}, doi = {10.3390/rel16010076}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:739-opus4-15816}, pages = {20 Seiten}, year = {2025}, abstract = {The discourse on understanding and implementing sustainable development has so far focused primarily on the external aspects, neglecting the internal dimension of people. The main purpose of our paper is to contribute to addressing this research gap. Therefore, we intend to (1) substantiate existing aspects of the Inner Development Goals (IDGs), (2) complement them, and (3) link the concept of the IDGs to normative discourses in Christian Social Ethics and Social Philosophy. Our results show that the dimensions of Being, Relating, and Collaborating in the IDG Framework can be substantiated by the normative discourse on spirituality and by reference to the social principle of personality in Christian Social Ethics, as well as by the Indian Social Philosophical Perspective of Vimala Thakar which focuses on a value-based approach. This paper suggests that the concept of the IDGs will be strengthened by adding the dimension of Caring—understood as the concern and responsibility for the wholeness in the combining of the inner and outer dimensions. By linking the concept of the Inner Development Goals to the existing normative discourses in Christian Social Ethics and Social Philosophy, our research contributes to making the concept connectable and deepens the discussions on a practical and theoretical level.}, language = {en} } @article{FritzGrimmWeberetal.2024, author = {Fritz, Manuela and Grimm, Michael and Weber, Ingmar and Yom-Tov, Elad and Praditya, Benedictus}, title = {Can social media encourage diabetes self-screenings? A randomized controlled trial with Indonesian Facebook users}, series = {npj | Digital medicine}, volume = {2024}, journal = {npj | Digital medicine}, number = {7}, publisher = {Macmillan Publishers Limited}, address = {Basingstoke}, doi = {10.1038/s41746-024-01246-x}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:739-opus4-15157}, pages = {13 Seiten}, year = {2024}, abstract = {Nudging individuals without obvious symptoms of non-communicable diseases (NCDs) to undergo a health screening remains a challenge, especially in middle-income countries, where NCD awareness is low but the incidence is high. We assess whether an awareness campaign implemented on Facebook can encourage individuals in Indonesia to undergo an online diabetes self-screening. We use Facebook's advertisement function to randomly distribute graphical ads related to the risk and consequences of diabetes. Depending on their risk score, participants receive a recommendation to undergo a professional screening. We were able to reach almost 300,000 individuals in only three weeks. More than 1400 individuals completed the screening, inducing costs of about US\$0.75 per person. The two ads labeled "diabetes consequences" and "shock" outperform all other ads. A follow-up survey shows that many high-risk respondents have scheduled a professional screening. A cost-effectiveness analysis suggests that our campaign can diagnose an additional person with diabetes for about US\$9.}, language = {en} } @article{Hidalgo2025, author = {Hidalgo, Oliver Fernando}, title = {The antinomian framework of Western and non-Western democracies — from theory to application}, series = {Frontiers in Political Science}, volume = {2024}, journal = {Frontiers in Political Science}, number = {6}, publisher = {Frontiers}, address = {Lausanne}, doi = {10.3389/fpos.2024.1420252}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:739-opus4-15821}, pages = {12 Seiten}, year = {2025}, abstract = {This article argues in favour of broadening the classical paradigm of democracy that historically emerged in the West. Without disregarding the undiminished significance of the idea of liberal democracy and its deep commitment to universal human rights, the necessity of a new accentuation of the concept of democracy is accepted in view of the observable democratic processes in non-Western societies. This should help to avoid both the blind spots of Eurocentrism and the misperception of countries as democracies that are merely masking their authoritarian or despotic character. The result is a theory of popular sovereignty that seeks to grasp and combine Western and non-Western conceptions of democracy in a balanced way and is based on a genealogical and comparative perspective of the history of political ideas in the global North and South. In a second step, the theory is then tested using a few selected examples (Confucian democracy, Islamic democracy, African democracy).}, language = {en} } @unpublished{CompaoreDabireSanglietal.2025, author = {Compaore, Georges and Dabire, Bonayi Hubert and Sangli, Gabriel and Azianu, Komi Ameko and Minoungou, Abdoul Kader and Zoma, Vincent}, title = {Analysis of the practices, structures and processes of translocal mobility systems in Burkina Faso}, number = {6}, doi = {10.15475/mitrawa.upa6}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:739-opus4-15862}, pages = {23 Seiten}, year = {2025}, abstract = {This report presents the results of the project "Migration and Translocality in West Africa (MiTra|WA)" with reference to translocal practices in Burkina Faso. Funded by the German Federal Ministry of Education and Research, the study ran from 2022 to 2024. The general objective of the project is to analyse the multiple links between the rural areas of departure and urban reception of migrants as well as the impacts on the development of these localities. The study employs a mixed-methods approach, combining quantitative and qualitative research methods. The quantitative component consisted of two types of surveys. First, a household survey in the migrants' area of origin (AoO) to identify the migrants' belonging to these households. In the second phase, a telephone survey was conducted among migrants in the destination areas (AoD). Then, the focus was on socio-economic data as well as translocal interactions and network relationships. The qualitative component consisted of in-depth interviews with key actors in the different areas of departure and destination of migrants. These include migrants, local administrative officials, leaders of NGOs, associations, community and religious leaders. The results show that migration is a phenomenon experienced by many households in rural areas. There are as many internal migrants as there are international migrants. Of the 537 households surveyed, 405 (75.4\%) have at least one migrant. The age structure of migrants shows a predominantly young structure of migrants (82\% who are under 40 years old). According to gender, migration is strongly male-dominated (82\%). Men are more inclined to international migration (56\%). Female migration is precocious. A large proportion of migrants (41\%) have no level of education and are mostly single (50\%). Translocality, conceptualized in this study as the multifaceted links between the places of departure, transit and residence of migrants, is apprehended through telephone contacts between migrants and their place of origin, in addition to the different forms of mobility: mobility of people, financial resources (remittances), material resources (transfers in kind), intangible resources (ideas, practices, etc.). Exchanges are often bidirectional. Telephone contacts represent 86\% of migrants. Migrants visit the household in the area of origin more frequently (41.8\%) than they receive household members at their destination (33.9\%). More than 66.6\% of migrants transfer remittances to their households in rural areas. With regard to the 4-level translocality intensity indicator (Wehner 2022), it can be concluded that over 50\% of migrants are located at the two highest levels. Hence, translocality is an important feature of rural-urban migration in Burkina Faso.}, language = {en} } @article{Thir2023, author = {Thir, Veronika}, title = {Co-text, context, and listening proficiency as crucial variables in intelligibility among nonnative users of English}, series = {Studies in Second Language Acquisition}, volume = {45}, journal = {Studies in Second Language Acquisition}, number = {5}, publisher = {Cambridge University Press}, address = {Cambridge}, doi = {10.1017/S0272263123000207}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:739-opus4-16374}, pages = {1210 -- 1231}, year = {2023}, abstract = {Research on intelligibility in international encounters has long focused on issues of pronunciation to the detriment of factors such as linguistic co-text and extralinguistic context, which are comparatively well-studied variables in intelligibility research concerning L1 listeners. This paper seeks to expand the scope of international intelligibility research in this respect by reporting on a large-scale study involving 423 nonnative listeners at different proficiency levels, who transcribed words spoken with another nonnative accent under four conditions that varied in the availability of syntactic, semantic, and schematic cues. The results suggest that co-text and context as well as listening proficiency are crucial variables that ought to receive greater attention in research on international intelligibility. The pedagogical implications of these findings are addressed as well.}, language = {en} } @techreport{JaeckelHaberger2025, author = {J{\"a}ckel, Franziska and Haberger, Mathias}, title = {The stone-made myth of return : translocality and housing in Amedzofe, Ghana}, number = {4}, doi = {10.15475/mitrawa.upa4}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:739-opus4-15301}, pages = {11 Seiten}, year = {2025}, abstract = {This paper delves into how migration and the resulting emergence of translocal networks, shaped by migrants' spatial and social trajectories, influence housing investment decisions in the area of origin. During our field stay in Amedzofe, a settlement in south-eastern Ghana, we gathered qualitative data in a transect walk with a local key informant and, building upon this, ten semi-structured interviews, alongside quantitative data collected through a questionnaire involving 94 households as part of the broader data collection within the MiTra|WA research project. By applying a simple propensity score matching approach, the study demonstrates that households with at least one migrant are 18 percentage points more likely to invest in housing for Amedzofe family members than non-migrant housholds. Notably, investments in aesthetically appealing housing are particularly significant. Our qualitative findings substantiate these observations, highlighting a strong inclination to showcase translocal interconnectedness and a lasting sense of belonging to Amedzofe. Housing investments also encapsulate the ingrained notion of migrants' eventual return to Amedzofe, especially for retirement, namely the "stone-made myth of return." Our study emphasizes the need for expanded research focus on translocal networks and the symbolic importance of housing in the Ghanaian context. Understanding these dynamics is crucial for addressing the implications of growing demands for living space, which may impact land distribution and require further investigation.}, language = {en} } @article{Kaiser2023, author = {Kaiser, Tobias}, title = {Growth of log-analytic functions}, series = {Archiv der Mathematik}, volume = {120}, journal = {Archiv der Mathematik}, number = {6}, publisher = {Springer Nature}, address = {Berlin}, doi = {10.1007/s00013-023-01857-y}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:101:1-2023091614564557203657}, pages = {605 -- 614}, year = {2023}, abstract = {We show that unary log-analytic functions are polynomially bounded. In the higher dimensional case, globally a log-analytic function can have exponential growth. We show that a log-analytic function is polynomially bounded on a definable set which contains the germ of every ray at infinity.}, language = {en} } @misc{BleyerPawlik2014, author = {Bleyer, Bernhard and Pawlik, Michael}, title = {In dubio pro vita - oder doch nicht? Antwort auf den Leserbrief von Dr. Peter Plenk}, series = {Bayerisches {\"A}rzteblatt 3/2014}, volume = {2014}, journal = {Bayerisches {\"A}rzteblatt 3/2014}, number = {3}, publisher = {Bayerische Landes{\"a}rztekammer}, address = {M{\"u}nchen}, doi = {10.15475/idpvodnalp.2014}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:739-opus4-14449}, pages = {126 -- 126}, year = {2014}, abstract = {Antwort der Autoren auf einen Leserbrief zum Artikel "In dubio pro vita - oder doch nicht?" im Bayerischen {\"A}rzteblatt (2013) 12.}, language = {de} } @phdthesis{Wu2016, author = {Wu, Zhijun}, title = {Das Sprachsystem der Naxi}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:739-opus4-6510}, school = {Universit{\"a}t Passau}, pages = {viii, 135, lxxxii Seiten}, year = {2016}, abstract = {Die Naxi verwenden eine Sprache, in der Segmente und Suprasegmente in komplexer Weise in W{\"o}rtern zum Ausdruck kommen. Im Satz wird die Grammatik grunds{\"a}tzlich in analytischer Weise durch Partikeln strukturiert. Die Naxi verwenden einzigartige Zeichen, die entweder stilisierte Umrisse von der Natur (die Domba-Zeichen) oder hoch abstrakt (die Geba-Zeichen) sind, um Gegenst{\"a}nde bzw. Ausprachen zu symbolisieren.}, language = {de} } @article{FelfeliStahl2023, author = {Felfeli, Anna and Stahl, Bernhard}, title = {Mutual desecuritization as a model of d{\´e}tente? Foreign policy change in the US-Cuban dyad}, series = {Zeitschrift f{\"u}r Friedens- und Konfliktforschung}, volume = {12}, journal = {Zeitschrift f{\"u}r Friedens- und Konfliktforschung}, number = {1}, publisher = {Springer Nature}, address = {Berlin}, doi = {10.1007/s42597-023-00104-z}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:101:1-2023110610482836615655}, pages = {59 -- 86}, year = {2023}, abstract = {In foreign policy dyads characterized by enmity, mutual desecuritization can serve as a crucial asset for d{\´e}tente. But how does "the way out of the emergency mode" function, considering mutual securitizations over decades? Embarking from theoretical insights provided by second generation scholars on securitization and desecuritization studies, the authors generate a theory-based model of d{\´e}tente for dyads. This analytical tool contributes to the study of the dissolution of historically grown, mutual (re-)securitization processes in interstate relations. By clarifying the impact and functioning of the four desecuritizing modes (replacement, silencing, change through stabilization, and rearticulation), our model allows us to trace dynamics of change and assess the sustainability of d{\´e}tente. Especially mutual desecuritization as rearticulation has the potential to substantially change the self-other relation with effects on the social structure of a foreign policy dyad. The heuristic case study of US-Cuban relations serves as a prime example of a complex dyad of enmity which became a subject of change due to the Obama-Castro diplomacy in 2014. The study on US-Cuban foreign policy issues before and after 2014 helps to sharpen our understanding of dynamic securitization and desecuritization processes. The overall analysis demonstrates that the modes of desecuritization during the Obama-Castro diplomacy lifted the process of d{\´e}tente to a new and unprecedented level.}, language = {en} } @article{Klumpp2023, author = {Klumpp, Lorenz}, title = {Exploring the distinction between populism through and by the media from a visual perspective: representations of German politicians on magazine covers of Der Spiegel and Compact}, series = {Visual Communication}, volume = {24}, journal = {Visual Communication}, number = {1}, publisher = {Sage}, address = {Thousand Oaks}, doi = {10.1177/14703572231173079}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:739-opus4-16450}, pages = {148 -- 177}, year = {2023}, abstract = {By drawing on a communication-based approach to populism, this article argues that populism research should put more emphasis on the performative and stylistic dimension of the phenomenon, including its visual elements, in different media formats. The study theoretically refers to the distinction of populism through and by the media, which has been discussed to a great extent in populist political communication research. Empirically, the author focuses on visual representations of politicians on the covers of the German news weekly Der Spiegel as well as those of Compact - a far-right alternative magazine. The article argues that political magazines contribute to how the political is imagined, particularly by the visual messages they convey via their front pages. An image type analysis of both magazines' covers between 2010 and 2020 is conducted (N = 103) in order to explore patterns in the visual representations of German politicians disseminated by the magazines. On the one hand, the comparison of a mainstream and far-right alternative medium enriches the theoretical debate of how populism is strengthened by opportunity structures through the media. On the other hand, the issue of how populism is actively promoted by the media is addressed.}, language = {en} } @article{Adiatu2024, author = {Adiatu, Afeez}, title = {Energizing the inter-regional cooperation and energy governance : an exploration of the Africa-EU energy partnership}, series = {Journal of Sustainable Development of Energy, Water and Environment Systems (ISSN: 1848-9257, DOI: 10.13044/j.sdewes)}, volume = {2024}, journal = {Journal of Sustainable Development of Energy, Water and Environment Systems (ISSN: 1848-9257, DOI: 10.13044/j.sdewes)}, number = {12(4)}, publisher = {SDEWES Centre}, address = {Zagreb}, doi = {10.13044/j.sdewes.d12.0517}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:739-opus4-15782}, pages = {21 Seiten}, year = {2024}, abstract = {The emergence of change in the global energy governance structure is precipitated by the shift in global energy technology. The shift from carbon-intense energy to cleaner sources surpasses technological discontinuation. The inter-regional, regional, and sub-regional grouping emerged in global energy governance to support governance capabilities across countries. This research seeks to investigate the inter-regional partnership between Africa and the European Union initiated to facilitate energy decision-making. This study adopts thematic analysis to explore literature and reports on the Africa-EU partnership to understand its impact on the future of the African energy sector. This research argues using a neo-liberal lens that the limited state capacity in energy governance may necessitate inter-regional partnerships to aid energy sector development in Africa. The study concludes that considering Africa's potential in renewable energy sources such as solar irradiation and the limited energy access in the Sub-Saharan region, intervention of external capabilities through technological and financial aids may stimulate the utilization of such potential.}, language = {en} } @misc{Ungruhe2024, author = {Ungruhe, Christian}, title = {Fußballmigration aus Afrika}, series = {Bundeszentrale f{\"u}r politische Bildung: Dossier Migration und Sport}, journal = {Bundeszentrale f{\"u}r politische Bildung: Dossier Migration und Sport}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:739-opus4-14836}, pages = {5 Seiten}, year = {2024}, abstract = {Viele afrikanische Fußballerinnen und Fußballer hoffen auf eine Karriere in Ligen auf anderen Kontinenten. Wie hat sich Fußballmigration aus Afrika entwickelt? Mit welchen Risiken ist sie verbunden?}, language = {de} } @misc{Ungruhe2024, author = {Ungruhe, Christian}, title = {Football Migration from Africa}, series = {Bundeszentrale f{\"u}r politische Bildung: Policy Briefs}, journal = {Bundeszentrale f{\"u}r politische Bildung: Policy Briefs}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:739-opus4-14849}, pages = {5 Seiten}, year = {2024}, abstract = {Many male and female African footballers strive for a career in leagues on other continents. How has African football migration developed over time? Where do players move? Which risks do they face?}, language = {en} } @book{Bienemann2021, author = {Bienemann, Linda}, title = {Reformbedarf des Kunsturhebergesetzes im digitalen Zeitalter}, edition = {1. Auflage}, publisher = {Nomos}, address = {Baden-Baden}, isbn = {978-3-7489-2342-8}, doi = {10.5771/9783748923428}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:101:1-2021022001414201037742}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}t Passau}, pages = {268 Seiten}, year = {2021}, abstract = {Hat die Digitalisierung, die Recht und Technik gleichermaßen ver{\"a}ndert, einen Reformbedarf des Kunsturhebergesetzes ausgel{\"o}st? Diese Frage untersucht die vorliegende Arbeit und legt dabei die folgenden drei Thesen zugrunde: Erstens ist das Kunsturhebergesetz trotz Kollision mit der Datenschutzgrundverordnung vollumf{\"a}nglich aufrechtzuerhalten und als speziellere Vorschrift vorrangig vor der Datenschutzgrundverordnung anzuwenden. Zweitens ist das Kunsturhebergesetz autonom und somit losgel{\"o}st von dem in weiten Teilen harmonisierten Urheberrechtsgesetz auszulegen und weiterzuentwickeln. Das Kunsturhebergesetz weist drittens in mehreren Punkten einen digitalen bzw. internetspezifischen Nachbesserungsbedarf auf.}, subject = {Deutschland}, language = {de} } @phdthesis{Wild2025, author = {Wild, Matthias}, title = {A statistical perspective on machine learning: three essays on improvement, application and interpretation of predictive algorithms}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:739-opus4-15311}, school = {Universit{\"a}t Passau}, pages = {III, 113 Seiten}, year = {2025}, abstract = {In this thesis we address a series of topics at the interface between statistics and machine learning. This includes the improvement of predictive algorithms using statistical concepts, potential and challenges in the application of predictive algorithms in areas traditionally covered by statistical theory, and the interpretation of black-box algorithms by means of statistical hypothesis testing.}, language = {en} } @article{NahrHeikkilae2022, author = {Nahr, Nora and Heikkil{\"a}, Marikka}, title = {Uncovering the identity of Electronic Markets research through text mining techniques}, series = {Electronic Markets}, volume = {2022}, journal = {Electronic Markets}, number = {32}, publisher = {Springer Nature}, address = {Berlin}, doi = {10.1007/s12525-022-00560-0}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:101:1-2022083023490559933318}, pages = {1257 -- 1277}, year = {2022}, abstract = {As an established academic journal in the e-commerce and digital platforms fields, Electronic Markets (EM) features a diverse range of topics and occupies a significant role in the information systems field. The study investigates EM's topic diversity over the time period 2009-2020 using a text mining analysis and a bibliometric analysis and identifies 28 cluster groups.The analysis reveals that the top three topics are 1) service quality, 2) blockchain and other shared trust building solutions,their impact and credibility, as well as 3) consumer buying behavior and interactions. EM's core identity lies in a balanced set of core themes that bring technological, business or human/ social perspectives to the research of networked business and digital economy. This includes research on digital and smart services, applications, consumer behavior and business models,as well as technology and e-commerce data. Ethical and sustainability related topics are however still less present in EM.}, language = {en} } @article{vonDitfurthLienemann2022, author = {von Ditfurth, Lukas and Lienemann, Gregor}, title = {The Data Governance Act: - Promoting or Restricting Data Intermediaries?}, series = {Competition and Regulation in Network Industries}, volume = {23}, journal = {Competition and Regulation in Network Industries}, number = {4}, publisher = {SAGE Publications}, address = {London}, issn = {1783-5917}, doi = {10.1177/17835917221141324}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:739-opus4-11483}, pages = {270 -- 295}, year = {2022}, abstract = {Following its approval by the European Parliament in April 2022, the Data Governance Act (DGA) is the first legislative instrument announced in the European Data Strategy to come into force. Aimed at facilitating the re-use and sharing of data in and between the private and public sectors, the DGA introduces regulation for a newly emerging type of digital platforms - the so-called "providers of data intermediation services". In order to offer their services on the market, providers will have to submit to a prior notification procedure and show compliance with several conditions placed on their economic activities. The regulation of data intermediaries is intended to increase their trustworthiness and ensure the competitiveness of the markets in which they operate. Recent experiences with digital platforms have shown the potential of intermediaries to organise and facilitate markets. At the same time, digital platforms pose undeniable risks to their users and markets at large. Against this backdrop, the role of data intermediaries as envisioned by the DGA must be examined carefully before turning to the question whether the DGA can achieve competitive and trustworthy data sharing through registered third parties. This paper intends to shed light on these and other issues by examining, in-depth, the chapter in the DGA dedicated to data intermediaries (Art. 10-15) from a legal, policy and competition economics perspective. In particular, this paper explores how the experiences made with large-scale digital platforms have shaped the DGA. Thereby, this paper aims to contribute towards a holistic understanding of these provisions as a basis for an informed discussion on the legal framework and on possible alternatives.}, language = {en} } @article{KnottStrichStrunketal.2022, author = {Knott, Manuel and Strich, Franz and Strunk, Kim Simon and Mayer, Anne-Sophie}, title = {Uncovering potential barriers of using initial coin offerings to finance artistic projects}, series = {Journal of Cultural Economics}, volume = {2022}, journal = {Journal of Cultural Economics}, number = {46}, publisher = {Springer Nature}, address = {Berlin}, doi = {10.1007/s10824-022-09446-7}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:101:1-2022081518483651137386}, pages = {317 -- 344}, year = {2022}, abstract = {Artists make vital contributions to our society and lay the foundations for billion-dollar industries. However, these artists consistently struggle to acquire sufficientfunding for their projects and their livelihood. New technology-supported possibili-ties for funding artists and their projects have emerged in recent years. Initial CoinOffering (ICO) is a novel form of reward-based tokenized crowdfunding. AlthoughICOs are promising as a way to fund artistic projects, they lack widespread adoptionin the creative and cultural industry (CCI). Based on 35 qualitative in-depth inter-views, we identify four barriers that hinder the funding of artistic projects throughICOs: legal shortcomings, investment restrictions, lack of consumer interest, andintermediaries' resistance. Our research contributes to cultural finance and fundingliterature by disclosing barriers that impede a promising form of financing artisticprojects. Further, we outline possible solutions to overcome them. We also con-tribute to the research about ICOs by showing that rather than reducing investmentrisks, these offerings merely shift them.}, language = {en} } @article{BeierlDodlova2022, author = {Beierl, Stefan and Dodlova, Marina}, title = {Public Works Programmes and Cooperation for the Common Good: Evidence from Malawi}, series = {The European Journal of Development Research}, volume = {2022}, journal = {The European Journal of Development Research}, number = {34}, publisher = {Springer Nature}, address = {Berlin}, doi = {10.1057/s41287-022-00525-1}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:101:1-2022080712061894426936}, pages = {1264 -- 1284}, year = {2022}, abstract = {This paper investigates the relationship between Malawi's largest and oldest publicworks programme (PWP) and social cohesion, specifically within-community coop-eration for the common good. Using both primary and secondary data, we show thatpublic works are associated with higher coordination activities and higher voluntary(unpaid) contributions to public goods, along both vertical ties (between communitymembers and local leaders) and horizontal ties (among community members). Espe-cially for school-building activities, voluntary inputs in the form of labour and otherin-kind contributions are higher in the presence of the PWP. Our results contrib-ute to a better understanding of the link between social protection programmes withcommunity-driven features and social cohesion.}, language = {en} } @article{AdamKraemer2022, author = {Adam, Marc T. P. and Kr{\"a}mer, Jan}, title = {Evaluating the emotional bidding framework: new evidence from a decade of neurophysiology}, series = {Electronic Markets}, volume = {2022}, journal = {Electronic Markets}, number = {32}, publisher = {Springer Nature}, address = {Berlin}, doi = {10.1007/s12525-022-00555-x}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:101:1-2022080421114680906980}, pages = {1529 -- 1540}, year = {2022}, abstract = {Ten years ago the "emotional bidding framework" (Adam et al., Electronic Markets, 21(3), 197-207, 2011b) was published in this journal. It provided a conceptualization for the role of human emotion in electronic auctions along six propositions on how emotions emerge during the auction process and affect auction outcomes. While the framework emphasized the importance of immediate emotional responses and momentary changes in the bidders' emotional state, the original articledid not include an evaluation of its propositions given the limited data on how bidders experience emotions in the moment that they occur. Ten years on, advances in the growing research field of NeuroIS allow to evaluate the propositions based on neurophysiological evidence. As a rejoinder of the original article, the present paper synthesizes these insights, refines the framework further, and identifies fruitful areas for future research based on remaining gaps in the body of knowledge.}, language = {en} } @article{Herberger2022, author = {Herberger, Marie}, title = {Pf{\"a}ndungsschutz f{\"u}r Tiere}, series = {Natur und Recht}, volume = {2022}, journal = {Natur und Recht}, number = {44}, publisher = {Springer Nature}, address = {Berlin}, doi = {10.1007/s10357-022-3958-z}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:101:1-2022052822431970208748}, pages = {106 -- 109}, year = {2022}, abstract = {Das Gerichtsvollzieherschutzgesetz (GvSchuG) hat den Pf{\"a}ndungsschutz f{\"u}r Tiere erweitert. Systematisch f{\"a}llt auf, dass nunmehr die Pf{\"a}ndungsverbote, die g{\"a}nzlich unterschiedliche Zielvorstellungen im Auge haben, in \S 811Abs. 1 Nr. 8 ZPO undifferenziert zusammengef{\"u}hrt wurden. Gelungen ist, dass der Pf{\"a}ndungsschutz mit Blick auf die Versorgungsfunktion bzw. die Erwerbsfunktion vervollst{\"a}ndigt wurde. Was den Schutz von Tieren unter dem Vorzeichen „Schutz der emotionalen Beziehung Mensch- Tier" angeht, ist zu begr{\"u}ßen, dass sich der Gesetzgeber von dem einschr{\"a}nkenden Merkmal „im h{\"a}uslichen Bereich" verabschiedet hat. Dennoch ist das Konzept der schutzw{\"u}rdigen Beziehung zwischen Mensch und Tier durch das GvSchuG nicht vollst{\"a}ndig verwirklicht worden. Dass nach wie vor das Vollstreckungsgericht angerufen werden kann, wenn ein Tier, das nicht zu Erwerbszwecken gehalten wird, einen hohen Wert hat und die Unpf{\"a}ndbarkeit f{\"u}r den Gl{\"a}ubiger eine H{\"a}rte bedeuten w{\"u}rde, die auch unter W{\"u}rdigung der Belange des Tierschutzes und der berechtigten Interessen des Schuldners nicht zu rechtfertigen ist (\S 811 Abs. 3 ZPO), steht mit der Grundidee der schutzw{\"u}rdigen Beziehung zwischen Mensch und Tier nicht im Einklang. Hier besteht also nach wie vor Reformbedarf.}, language = {de} } @misc{Goeler2022, author = {G{\"o}ler, Daniel}, title = {M{\"u}ller-Brandeck-Bocquet, G. (Hrsg.) (2021). Deutsche Europapolitik von Adenauer bis Merkel.}, series = {Zeitschrift f{\"u}r Außen- und Sicherheitspolitik}, volume = {2022}, journal = {Zeitschrift f{\"u}r Außen- und Sicherheitspolitik}, number = {15}, publisher = {Springer Nature}, address = {Berlin}, doi = {10.1007/s12399-022-00909-5}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:101:1-2022121709042000885466}, pages = {345 -- 347}, year = {2022}, abstract = {Rezension zu: M{\"u}ller-Brandeck-Bocquet, G. (Hrsg.) (2021). Deutsche Europapolitik von Adenauer bis Merkel. Wiesbaden: Springer VS, 416 Seiten, ISBN: 978-3658353391.}, language = {de} } @article{Wolff2024, author = {Wolff, Hannes}, title = {Patentability of brain organoids derived from iPSC : a legal evaluation with interdisciplinary aspects}, series = {Neuroethics}, volume = {17}, journal = {Neuroethics}, number = {1}, publisher = {Springer Netherlands}, address = {Dordrecht}, issn = {1874-5490}, doi = {10.1007/s12152-023-09541-2}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:101:1-2024033111323821449698}, pages = {15 Seiten}, year = {2024}, abstract = {Brain Organoids in their current state of development are patentable. Future brain organoids may face some challenges in this regard, which I address in this contribution. Brain organoids unproblematically fulfil the general prerequisites of patentability set forth in Art. 3 (1) EU-Directive 98/44/EC (invention, novelty, inventive step and susceptibility of industrial application). Patentability is excluded if an invention makes use of human embryos or constitutes a stage of the human body in the individual phases of its formation and development. Both do not apply to brain organoids, unless ES-cells are used. Art. 6 (1) EU-Directive 98/44/EC excludes patentability for inventions "the commercial exploitation of which would be contrary to ordre public or morality". While there is no conceivable scenario, in which the commercial application of current brain organoids violates the ordre public , the same is not necessarily true for future brain organoids. Keeping in mind that a development of consciousness-like abilities in future brain organoids cannot be excluded and that an ability for both physical and psychological suffering has been theorized, both of which are aspects of the ordre public , certain applications of future brain organoids may constitute a violation of the ordre public and therefore lead to an exclusion of patentability.}, language = {en} } @article{Reinhardt2024, author = {Reinhardt, Karoline}, title = {Die Grenzen der Pflicht und die Grenzen der Supererogation}, series = {Zeitschrift f{\"u}r Ethik und Moralphilosophie}, volume = {7}, journal = {Zeitschrift f{\"u}r Ethik und Moralphilosophie}, number = {1}, publisher = {Springer Berlin Heidelberg}, address = {Berlin/Heidelberg}, issn = {2522-0071}, doi = {10.1007/s42048-023-00165-y}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:101:1-2024032621292861050353}, pages = {215 -- 235}, year = {2024}, abstract = {Wozu sind wir verpflichtet - und was geht gegebenenfalls dar{\"u}ber hinaus? Das ist eine der Grundfragen der Supererogationsdebatte. Welchen Grenzen unterliegt unsere Pflichterf{\"u}llung? Welche Handlungen m{\"u}ssen wir als (moralisch) außergew{\"o}hnlich betrachten? Seit der Ver{\"o}ffentlichung von James O. Urmsons Aufsatz „Saints and Heroes" im Jahr 1958 gibt es eine rege Debatte um Fragen der Definition, der Rechtfertigung und der m{\"o}glichen Anwendung der Kategorie der Supererogation auf konkrete moralische Probleme. Eine der Kerneinsichten feministischer Philosophie aber, dass hinsichtlich der Frage, welche Handlungen wir als Pflicht oder als dar{\"u}berhinausgehend betrachten, keine ‚Genderneutralit{\"a}t' herrscht, hat innerhalb der Supererogationsdebatte wenig Aufmerksamkeit erfahren: Es fehlt bislang eine systematische Untersuchung, welche Implikationen dieser Befund f{\"u}r die Kategorie der Supererogation hat. Insbesondere bei den Zuschreibungen von Heldenhaftigkeit und Heiligkeit, die Urmson zu den paradigmatischen F{\"a}llen von Supererogation z{\"a}hlt, ist der Einfluss von Genderrollen besonders auff{\"a}llig und bedarf einer genaueren Analyse. Diese Beobachtung nimmt der Beitrag zum Ausgangspunkt, um zu zeigen, dass in der Supererogationsdebatte verwendete Beispiele oft mit (impliziten) Annahmen dar{\"u}ber verwoben sind, wer die Akteur:innen sind, die diese Handlungen vollf{\"u}hren - und dass diese Annahmen in hohem Maße an konventionelle und stereotype Geschlechterrollen gebunden sind. Dar{\"u}ber hinaus werden in dieser Debatte die Leistungen von Frauen* im Besonderen oft naturalisiert und marginalisiert. Schließlich ist die Kategorie der Supererogation bis heute h{\"a}ufig mit normierenden Vorstellungen dar{\"u}ber verbunden, was von jemandem erwartet werden kann und was nicht. Ich werde ausgehend von Urmsons einschl{\"a}gigem Aufsatz eine feministische Analyse der verwendeten Beispiele vornehmen und deren Implikationen f{\"u}r die Kategorie der Supererogation herausarbeiten.}, subject = {Ethik}, language = {de} } @article{Kaiser2024, author = {Kaiser, Tobias}, title = {Periods, power series, and integrated algebraic numbers}, series = {Mathematische Annalen}, volume = {390}, journal = {Mathematische Annalen}, number = {2}, publisher = {Springer Berlin Heidelberg}, address = {Berlin/Heidelberg}, issn = {0025-5831}, doi = {10.1007/s00208-024-02802-2}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:101:1-2024040910285674698609}, pages = {2043 -- 2074}, year = {2024}, abstract = {Periods are defined as integrals of semialgebraic functions defined over the rationals. Periods form a countable ring not much is known about. Examples are given by taking the antiderivative of a power series which is algebraic over the polynomial ring over the rationals and evaluate it at a rational number. We follow this path and close these algebraic power series under taking iterated antiderivatives and nearby algebraic and geometric operations. We obtain a system of rings of power series whose coefficients form a countable real closed field. Using techniques from o-minimality we are able to show that every period belongs to this field. In the setting of o-minimality we define exponential integrated algebraic numbers and show that exponential periods and the Euler constant is an exponential integrated algebraic number. Hence they are a good candiate for a natural number system extending the period ring and containing important mathematical constants.}, language = {en} } @article{Narh2024, author = {Narh, John}, title = {Progress, challenges and prospects of the modified Taungya system in Ghana}, series = {Agroforestry Systems}, volume = {98}, journal = {Agroforestry Systems}, number = {3}, publisher = {Springer Netherlands}, address = {Dordrecht}, issn = {0167-4366}, doi = {10.1007/s10457-023-00947-8}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:101:1-2405100928309.284032809350}, pages = {767 -- 782}, year = {2024}, abstract = {Forest landscape restoration through agroforestry has been implemented as a Nature-based Solution to deforestation in the Global South with varied outcomes. The Modified Taungya System (MTS) is one of such programmes introduced in Ghana to address socio-economically-induced degradation of forest reserves. For two decades since its establishment, there has not been any examination of  a synthesised findings on the MTS and their implication for the prospects of the programme. Using the PRISMA method to select empirical studies, this article examines the state of reforestation under the MTS by reflecting on the conditions of success and failures of the programme. In doing so, two interrelated arguments are advanced. First, the MTS seems to be successful when farmers are well-educated about the programme and their future benefits in the reserves that they enrich. Second, the MTS has largely failed to achieve its full potentials for forest recovery due to bribery, corruption and nepotism that have bedevilled land demarcation to, and delays in signing benefit sharing agreement with, farmers. There is a need for a thorough sensitisation on the MTS to enhance its transparency. Besides, the MTS needs to be remodified if it would be one of the strategies to contribute to the Bonn Challenge and for a durable climate mitigation.}, language = {en} } @phdthesis{Knott2022, author = {Knott, Manuel}, title = {Blockchain: Disrupting the Creative Industries - Enablers, Barriers and Utilization through Persuasive System Design}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:739-opus4-11149}, school = {Universit{\"a}t Passau}, pages = {XI, 130 Seiten}, year = {2022}, abstract = {Blockchain technology enables the automated recording of information and execution of contract content - utilizing so-called Smart Contracts - without relying on trusted intermediaries (Beck et al., 2016). A blockchain is best described as a decentralized digital ledger (Atzori, 2015). The decentralized data storage on the blockchain makes the recorded information tamper-proof and creates transparency along the value chain. Therefore blockchain changes fundamentally the way data and information are processed (Al-Jaroodi \& Mohamed, 2019; Avital et al., 2016). This has given rise to numerous use cases for blockchain in a wide range of industries. Fundamentally, blockchain technology can be used at any time when information needs to be stored in an automated and tamper-proof manner (Crosby et al., 2016). In the financial industry, blockchain helps to automate peer-to-peer transactions. This makes middlemen obsolete, which can reduce transaction costs (Cai, 2018). In the public health sector, blockchain is primarily used for decentralized storage of patient records. By using blockchain technology, these patient records are secured against manipulation and unauthorized access by third parties (Mettler, 2016). Another interesting use case can be seen in the electricity market. Blockchain technology makes it possible to integrate micro producers of electricity, such as private households, into the power grid in a cost-efficient way (Cheng et al., 2017). However, blockchain technology also offers several applications in the creative industries to support the daily work of professionals. The term creative industries encompasses industries and sectors which hold intellectual property at the core of their value creation (Caves, 2000). According to DCMS (1998),creative industries include not only classic art sectors such as fine art, painting or crafting, but also areas such as marketing, game developing, film and video or music. As the main drivers of innovation, the creative industries have a steadily increasing influence on the overall economic impact. Often, ideas, products and services from the creative industries ultimately flow into other areas, such as the automotive sector, and support them in achieving their entrepreneurial goals (Banks, 2010; Jones et al., 2004). In order to continuously maintain the position as an innovation driver, a certain form of organization has prevailed in the creative industries. For the creative industries to react flexibly to new requirements and a constantly changing environment, work is usually carried out as project-based (DeFillippi, 2015). For this purpose, the teams of the project-based organization are predominantly formed using freelancers who are specialists in the required field. As a result, many recurring organizational activities arise, such as contracting, team finding or onboarding (DeFillippi, 2015; Eikhof \& Haunschild, 2006). Therefore, professionals from the creative industries have to spend significant time on activities that do not serve their core task of creating intellectual property. These tasks not only reduce the efficiency of their work, but also hinder their creative flow (Foord, 2009; Hennekam \& Bennett, 2016). In this regard, blockchain represents a promising technology to support professionals in the creative industries. For the creative industries, blockchain is primarily used to automate formal processes and secure intellectual property rights (O'Dair, 2018). Blockchain technology enables artists and creatives more freedom for their own creative activities. By automating repetitive activities, professionals from the creative industries are freed from typical management tasks (Arcos, 2018; Cong \& He, 2019). Furthermore, for the first time, intellectual property can be secured in a cost- and time-efficient way by utilizing blockchain technology. This is made possible by the decentralized nature of the blockchain, which makes subsequent manipulation of the contents of the intellectual property impossible (Avital et al., 2016; Beck et al., 2016; Regner et al., 2019). Ultimately, the use of so-called Non-Fungible Tokens (NFTs) create the opportunity for artists and creatives to sell unique digital art (Regner et al., 2019). Thus, blockchain generates entirely new ways for creative industries to organize their projects and opens new markets to sell their work. While several use cases of blockchain technology can be identified in the creative industries, the widespread use of blockchain is still lacking. So far, no Blockchain service or blockchain application has managed to take a dominant market position in the creative industries. At first sight, this seems surprising since artists and creatives could fundamentally benefit from this technology. At the same time, professionals from the creative industries would not be dependent on middlemen or central entities. This circumstance gave the impulse for the research presented in this thesis. I was able to identify that professionals from the creative industries are still underutilizing blockchain technology for three main reasons: (1) When using blockchain technology, professionals from the creative industries experience strong resistance from their stakeholders, who want to prevent the use of blockchain. (2) The perceived constraints by artists and creatives in using blockchain still deter many from using this technology extensively. (3) Several blockchain applications lack a persuasive design, resulting in many artists and creatives continue to prefer conventional services and products.}, language = {en} } @phdthesis{Geltl2022, author = {Geltl, Michael}, title = {Vertretung des Betriebsrats und Vertrauensschutz des Arbeitgebers bei fehlender Vertretungsmacht}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:739-opus4-11290}, school = {Universit{\"a}t Passau}, pages = {XVIII, 115 Seiten}, year = {2022}, abstract = {1. Der (stellvertretende) Betriebsratsvorsitzende ist das Vertretungsorgan des Betriebsrats. Der Umfang seiner Aktivvertretungsmacht beschr{\"a}nkt sich auf die Abgabe von Erkl{\"a}rungen, die im Innenverh{\"a}ltnis von einem wirksamen Betriebsratsbeschluss gedeckt sind (\S 26 Abs. 2 S. 1 BetrVG). In engen Grenzen kann ihm ein Entscheidungsspielraum beim Beschlussvollzug einger{\"a}umt werden. Daneben ist in Einzelf{\"a}llen die Vertretung des Betriebsrats durch sonstige Betriebsratsmitglieder zul{\"a}ssig. Die Vertretungsmacht ergibt hier aus einer Vollmacht (\S 166 Abs. 2 S. 1 BGB). Auch insoweit ist der Umfang der Aktivvertretungsmacht aber auf den Vollzug wirksamer Betriebsratsbeschl{\"u}sse beschr{\"a}nkt. 2. Der Betriebsrat wird ohne Vertretungsmacht vertreten, wenn entweder eine nicht zur Vertretung befugte Person f{\"u}r den Betriebsrat auftritt, oder wenn eine an und f{\"u}r sich zur Vertretung befugte Person ihre Vertretungsmacht {\"u}berschreitet. Nicht zur Vertretung befugte Personen sind der Betriebsratsvorsitzende im Fall seiner Verhinderung, der stellvertretende Betriebsratsvorsitzende bei fehlender Verhinderung des Betriebsratsvorsitzenden und sonstige Betriebsratsmitglieder ohne Vollmacht. Ein {\"U}berschreiten der Vertretungsmacht einer zur Vertretung befugten Person liegt vor, wenn sie eine Erkl{\"a}rung abgibt, die im Innenverh{\"a}ltnis nicht von einem wirksamen Betriebsratsbeschluss gedeckt ist. Das ist der Fall, wenn ein inhaltlich einschl{\"a}giger Betriebsratsbeschluss fehlt oder dieser Betriebsratsbeschluss nichtig ist. 3. Ohne Vertretungsmacht abgegebene Erkl{\"a}rungen sind nach allgemeinen Regeln f{\"u}r den Betriebsrat nicht verbindlich, die entsprechenden Rechtsgesch{\"a}fte sind schwebend unwirksam, \S 177 Abs. 1 BetrVG (i.V.m. \S 180 S. 2 BetrVG). Der Arbeitgeber, der sich auf die Erkl{\"a}rung des Betriebsrats verl{\"a}sst, handelt einseitig und damit mitbestimmungswidrig. Der Betriebsrat kann das schwebend unwirksame Rechtsgesch{\"a}ft allerdings durch Betriebsratsbeschluss genehmigen; die Genehmigung wirkt grunds{\"a}tzlich zur{\"u}ck (\S 177 Abs. 1, 184 Abs. 1, 182 BGB). Der Betriebsratsvorsitzende, der ohne Vertretungsmacht handelt und dadurch seine Kompetenzen {\"u}berschreitet, kann vom Betriebsrat abberufen werden. Unter den Voraussetzungen des \S 23 Abs. 1 BetrVG kann der Betriebsratsvorsitzende oder das ohne Vollmacht handelnde sonstige Betriebsratsmitglied aus dem Betriebsrat ausgeschlossen werden. Auch eine Haftung gegen{\"u}ber dem Arbeitgeber auf Schadensersatz kommt in Betracht, vor allem nach \S 179 Abs. 1 BGB. 4. Der Arbeitgeber, der darauf vertraut, dass die Erkl{\"a}rung des Betriebsrats auf einem wirksamen Betriebsratsbeschluss beruht, ist schutzw{\"u}rdig. Schutzw{\"u}rdig ist der Arbeitgeber, weil der Betriebsrat seine gesetzlichen Aufgaben selbst{\"a}ndig und eigenverantwortlich wahrnimmt; der Arbeitgeber kann und darf sich in die Amtsf{\"u}hrung des Betriebsrats und dessen interne Willensbildung nicht einmischen. Der Arbeitgeber hat deshalb auch grunds{\"a}tzlich keinen Anspruch gegen den Betriebsrat darauf, dass ihm die Vertretungsmacht nachgewiesen wird. Gleichwohl ist er auf verbindliche Erkl{\"a}rungen des Betriebsrats bei mitbestimmungspflichtigen Handlungen angewiesen. 5. Der danach gebotene Vertrauensschutz des Arbeitgebers muss {\"u}ber eine betriebsverfassungsrechtliche Sonderl{\"o}sung realisiert werden. Eine Differenzierung nach Beteiligungsrechten, wie sie das BAG praktiziert, ist nicht veranlasst, weil hierf{\"u}r kein sachlich rechtfertigender Grund gegeben ist. Die Schutzw{\"u}rdigkeit des Arbeitgebers ist bei den einzelnen Beteiligungsrechten des Betriebsrats nicht grundlegend verschieden und erst Recht nicht auf bestimmte Beteiligungsrechte beschr{\"a}nkt. Die Lehre von der Vertrauenshaftung kann auf den Betriebsrat zwar angewandt werden, f{\"u}hrt aber letztlich zu keiner zufriedenstellenden L{\"o}sung: Nach der Rechtsscheinhaftung ist der Arbeitgeber in vielen F{\"a}llen schutzlos gestellt, weil bereits kein objektiver Rechtsscheintatbestand vorliegt, auf den er sich berufen kann. Die Vertrauenshaftung kraft widerspr{\"u}chlichen Verhaltens ist von einer Interessenabw{\"a}gung im Einzelfall abh{\"a}ngig und damit f{\"u}r die betriebliche Praxis wenig brauchbar. Schließlich muss in allen F{\"a}llen gepr{\"u}ft werden, ob der Vertrauenstatbestand dem Betriebsrat {\"u}berhaupt zurechenbar ist, andernfalls der gutgl{\"a}ubige Arbeitgeber keinen Schutz genießt. Dem Arbeitgeber ist deshalb nach dem Grundsatz der vertrauensvollen Zusammenarbeit (\S 2 Abs. 1 BetrVG) absoluter Gutglaubensschutz zu gew{\"a}hren. Die fehlende Vertretungsmacht des (stellvertretenden) Betriebsratsvorsitzenden oder sonstiger Betriebsratsmitglieder darf dem gutgl{\"a}ubigen Arbeitgeber nicht entgegengehalten werden. 6. Gutgl{\"a}ubig ist der Arbeitgeber, wenn er weder Kenntnis noch grob fahrl{\"a}ssige Unkenntnis vom Fehlen der Vertretungsmacht hat. Dabei ist es nicht Sache des Arbeitgebers, zu pr{\"u}fen, ob der Erkl{\"a}rung des Betriebsrats ein wirksamer Betriebsratsbeschluss zugrunde liegt; er hat insoweit keine Nachforschungspflicht. Tritt jedoch ein sonstiges Betriebsratsmitglied als Vertreter des Betriebsrats auf, hat der Arbeitgeber einen Anspruch darauf, dass ihm die Bevollm{\"a}chtigung des Betriebsratsmitglieds nachgewiesen wird. Dem Arbeitgeber obliegt es dann, diesen Anspruch geltend zu machen; andernfalls liegt grob fahrl{\"a}ssige Unkenntnis vor, wenn er das Fehlen der Vertretungsmacht bei Geltendmachung des Anspruchs h{\"a}tte erkennen k{\"o}nnen. 7. Bei fehlerhaften betriebsverfassungsrechtlichen Organisationsakten wie der Wahl des Betriebsratsvorsitzenden (\S 26 Abs. 1 BetrVG) und der Aussch{\"u}sse des Betriebsrats (\S\S 27 und 28 Abs. 1 BetrVG) besteht trotz Anwendung der Anfechtungsl{\"o}sung nach \S 19 BetrVG analog ein Bed{\"u}rfnis f{\"u}r Vertrauensschutz des Arbeitgebers. Erg{\"a}nzender Vertrauensschutz ist erforderlich und entsprechend der Rechtslage bei Gesch{\"a}ftsf{\"u}hrungsbeschl{\"u}ssen zu gew{\"a}hren, wenn schwerwiegende und offensichtliche Gesetzverst{\"o}ße zur Nichtigkeit der Organisationsakte f{\"u}hren, ohne dass der Arbeitgeber die Nichtigkeit erkennen kann.}, language = {de} } @phdthesis{Qiu2022, author = {Qiu, Ruyi}, title = {The Role of Context in Stimulus-Response Binding and Retrieval}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:739-opus4-11390}, school = {Universit{\"a}t Passau}, pages = {158 Seiten}, year = {2022}, abstract = {Feature binding has been proven to be a common and general mechanism underlying human information processing and action control. There is strong evidence showing that when humans perform a task, stimuli (e.g., the target, the distractor) and responses are bound together into an episodic representation, called an event file or a stimulus-response (S-R) episode, which can be retrieved upon feature repetition. As compared with the target and the distractor, the context (i.e., an additional stimulus presented together with the target and the distractor, but not associated with any response keys throughout the whole course of the task), which is considered as task-irrelevant, did not receive that much attention in previous studies. The current thesis was aimed to provide insights into the different roles the context plays in S-R binding and retrieval. Specifically, in Study One and Two, the role of context as an element that can be integrated into an S-R episode was investigated, with a focus on the saliency and the inter-trial variability of the contextual stimulus. Both properties were found to influence how the context is integrated into an S-R episode. More specifically, results show that both saliency and inter-trial variability determine whether the context is directly bound in a binary fashion with the response, or it enters in to a configural binding together with another stimulus and the response. In Study Three, intrigued by the role of context as an event segmentation factor in the event perception literature, whether the context can demarcate the integration window of an S-R episode was tested. Results provide consistent evidence that sharing a common context leads to a stronger binding between a stimulus and the response, as compared with the condition when these elements are separated by different contexts, thereby suggesting a binding principle of common context. Taken together, the current thesis specifies the role of context in S-R binding and retrieval, and sheds some light on how contextual information influences human behavior.}, language = {en} } @phdthesis{Liang2023, author = {Liang, Hanning}, title = {Deflectometric Measurement of the Topography of Reflecting Freeform Surfaces in Motion}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:739-opus4-11672}, school = {Universit{\"a}t Passau}, pages = {xiv, 157 Seiten}, year = {2023}, abstract = {Measuring the topography of specular surfaces with strong surface structures in motion was impossible before this research. A new method based on singleshot phase-measuring de ectometry (SSPMD) and combining different solution aspects has been presented.}, language = {en} } @phdthesis{Iretzberger2022, author = {Iretzberger, Manuel}, title = {Der Critical Realism als Metatheorie der Internationalen Beziehungen}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:739-opus4-11465}, school = {Universit{\"a}t Passau}, pages = {51 Seiten}, year = {2022}, abstract = {Dieser Mantelteil gibt einen detaillierten Einblick in das Dissertationsprojekt "Der Critical Realism als Metatheorie der Internationalen Beziehungen" und die darin entwickelten zentralen Argumente. Zudem werden die im Rahmen der Dissertation ver{\"o}ffentlichten Einzelbeitr{\"a}ge vorgestellt und in den Gesamtzusammenhang des Forschungsprojekts eingeordnet.}, language = {de} }