@phdthesis{Iretzberger2022, author = {Iretzberger, Manuel}, title = {Der Critical Realism als Metatheorie der Internationalen Beziehungen}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:739-opus4-11465}, school = {Universit{\"a}t Passau}, pages = {51 Seiten}, year = {2022}, abstract = {Dieser Mantelteil gibt einen detaillierten Einblick in das Dissertationsprojekt "Der Critical Realism als Metatheorie der Internationalen Beziehungen" und die darin entwickelten zentralen Argumente. Zudem werden die im Rahmen der Dissertation ver{\"o}ffentlichten Einzelbeitr{\"a}ge vorgestellt und in den Gesamtzusammenhang des Forschungsprojekts eingeordnet.}, language = {de} } @article{BecherGerl2022, author = {Becher, Stefan and Gerl, Armin}, title = {ConTra Preference Language: Privacy Preference Unification via Privacy Interfaces}, series = {Sensors}, volume = {22}, journal = {Sensors}, number = {14}, editor = {Sarne, Giuseppe Maria Luigi and Ma, Jianhua and Rosaci, Domenico and Srivastava, Gautam}, publisher = {MDPI}, address = {Basel, Switzerland}, issn = {1424-8220}, doi = {10.3390/s22145428}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:739-opus4-11218}, pages = {18 Seiten}, year = {2022}, abstract = {After the enactment of the GDPR in 2018, many companies were forced to rethink their privacy management in order to comply with the new legal framework. These changes mostly affect the Controller to achieve GDPR-compliant privacy policies and management.However, measures to give users a better understanding of privacy, which is essential to generate legitimate interest in the Controller, are often skipped. We recommend addressing this issue by the usage of privacy preference languages, whereas users define rules regarding their preferences for privacy handling. In the literature, preference languages only work with their corresponding privacy language, which limits their applicability. In this paper, we propose the ConTra preference language, which we envision to support users during privacy policy negotiation while meeting current technical and legal requirements. Therefore, ConTra preferences are defined showing its expressiveness, extensibility, and applicability in resource-limited IoT scenarios. In addition, we introduce a generic approach which provides privacy language compatibility for unified preference matching.}, language = {en} } @misc{OPUS4-1154, title = {Universit{\"a}tsbibliothek Passau: Jahresbericht 2021}, address = {Passau}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:739-opus4-11549}, year = {2022}, abstract = {Jahresbericht der Universit{\"a}tsbibliothek Passau f{\"u}r das Jahr 2021.}, language = {de} } @techreport{Weithmann2022, author = {Weithmann, Michael}, title = {Die Petschenegen. Ein zentralasiatisches Reitervolk im Nibelungenlied}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:739-opus4-11450}, pages = {22 Seiten}, year = {2022}, abstract = {The Nibelungenlied represents a real international setting of historic peoples: Burgundians, Saxons, Huns, Russians, Romanians and in one single line Petchenegs, a turktataric tribe of Nomads. In the 12th. and 13th.centuries Petchenegs served as borderline-warriors in the Kingdom of Hungary. Had the Compilator of the Nibelungenlied knowledge of their presence along the Hungarian Danube?}, language = {de} } @phdthesis{Mosch2022, author = {Mosch, Philipp}, title = {Four Essays on Digital Transformation Strategies from the Perspectives of Capital Markets, Incumbents and Start-ups}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:739-opus4-11337}, school = {Universit{\"a}t Passau}, pages = {XVII, 229 Seiten}, year = {2022}, abstract = {This dissertation uses four studies to examine the context-contingent strategic factors that are critical to the success of digital transformation strategies from the perspectives of capital markets, incumbents, and start-ups. It focuses on a better understanding of (1) digital innovations and their quantitative evaluation, (2) power disruptions in digitally servitized supply chains, (3) strategic measures and dynamics in digital B2B platform markets, and (4) strategizing by data-driven start-ups in digitalized business networks.}, language = {en} } @phdthesis{Dzepina2022, author = {Dzepina, Aleksandra}, title = {Qualit{\"a}t von Prozessmodellen - Entwicklung eines Ordnungsrahmens zur Analyse, Klassifikation und Bestimmung der Qualit{\"a}tsanforderungen an Prozessmodelle}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:739-opus4-11864}, school = {Universit{\"a}t Passau}, pages = {IX, 259 Seiten}, year = {2022}, abstract = {Die vorliegende Dissertation behandelt die Qualit{\"a}t von Prozessmodellen. Vor diesem Hintergrund haben Experteninterviews mit Forschungs- und Praxispartnern zur Entwicklung und Evaluierung eines Ordnungsrahmens zur Qualit{\"a}tsbestimmung von Prozessmodellen beigetragen. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass unter anderem die Einsatzzwecke der Prozessmodelle sowie die mit den Prozessmodellen in Ber{\"u}hrung kommenden Personengruppen differenziert betrachtet werden m{\"u}ssen, um Auswirkungen auf die Prozessmodellqualit{\"a}t untersuchen zu k{\"o}nnen.}, language = {de} } @phdthesis{Schlenker2022, author = {Schlenker, Florian}, title = {Delaunay Configuration B-Splines}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:739-opus4-11225}, school = {Universit{\"a}t Passau}, pages = {xxiii, 223 Seiten}, year = {2022}, abstract = {The generalization of univariate splines to higher dimensions is not straightforward. There are different approaches, each with its own advantages and drawbacks. A promising approach using Delaunay configurations and simplex splines is due to Neamtu. After recalling fundamentals of univariate splines, simplex splines, and the wellknown, multivariate DMS-splines, we address Neamtu's DCB-splines. He defined two variants that we refer to as the nonpooled and the pooled approach, respectively. Regarding these spline spaces, we contribute the following results. We prove that, under suitable assumptions on the knot set, both variants exhibit the local finiteness property, i.e., these spline spaces are locally finite-dimensional and at each point only a finite number of basis candidate functions have a nonzero value. Additionally, we establish a criterion guaranteeing these properties within a compact region under mitigated assumptions. Moreover, we show that the knot insertion process known from univariate splines does not work for DCB-splines and reason why this behavior is inherent to these spline spaces. Furthermore, we provide a necessary criterion for the knot insertion property to hold true for a specific inserted knot. This criterion is also sufficient for bivariate, nonpooled DCB-splines of degrees zero and one. Numerical experiments suggest that the sufficiency also holds true for arbitrary spline degrees. Univariate functions can be approximated in terms of splines using the Schoenberg operator, where the approximation error decreases quadratically as the maximum distance between consecutive knots is reduced. We show that the Schoenberg operator can be defined analogously for both variants of DCB-splines with a similar error bound. Additionally, we provide a counterexample showing that the basis candidate functions of nonpooled DCB-splines are not necessarily linearly independent, contrary to earlier statements in the literature. In particular, this implies that the corresponding functions are not a basis for the space of nonpooled DCB-splines.}, subject = {Spline}, language = {en} } @phdthesis{Mini2022, author = {Mini, Tobias}, title = {An Exploration of Tensions in Centralized and Decentralized Digital Platform Contexts}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:739-opus4-11322}, school = {Universit{\"a}t Passau}, pages = {vi, 154 Seiten}, year = {2022}, abstract = {Digital platforms consist of technical elements such as software and hardware and associated social elements such as organizational processes and standards. When such social or technical elements seem logical individually but inconsistent when juxtaposed they form tensions. Prior research on platforms often focused on individual elements of digital platforms but neglected possible related and conflicting elements which offers limited insight about underlying tensions. While some studies on platforms considered tensions, they largely assumed that centralized platform owners being responsible for responding to tensions, neglecting collective response mechanisms in blockchain-based decentralized autonomous organizations (DAOs) where decentralized participants typically respond to tensions. The examination of tensions in the context of centralized platforms and decentralized autonomous organizations offers an opportunity to surface conflicting elements that form novel types of socio-technical tensions which require collective and technology-enabled response mechanisms. This thesis explored what tensions exist in centralized and decentralized digital platform contexts and how platform participants can respond to selected tensions. For this purpose, this thesis comprises five essays that employ multiple different research methods including interviews analyzed by using techniques of grounded theory, qualitative meta-analysis of published case studies, and systematic literature reviews. The findings derived from all five essays contribute to a better understanding of tensions in digital platforms. In particular, this thesis (1) offers a lens for analyzing platforms as collective organizations in which tensions arise at the collective meta-organizational level requiring collective responses, (2) identifies new tensions and response mechanisms related to generativity and collectivity, and (3) points to a novel category of socio-technical tensions that are especially salient in digital platforms.}, language = {en} } @article{WolffPecikiewicz2022, author = {Wolff, Hannes and Pecikiewicz, Jana}, title = {Enhancement mit Gehirnorganoiden - Ethische und rechtliche Probleme einer terra nova}, series = {Medizinrecht}, volume = {2022}, journal = {Medizinrecht}, number = {40}, publisher = {Springer Nature}, address = {Berlin}, doi = {10.1007/s00350-022-6333-4}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:101:1-2023021209214076051248}, pages = {907 -- 917}, year = {2022}, abstract = {Enhancement - ein Begriff, der zwar im Alltag noch nicht in aller Munde ist, aber dennoch seit geraumer Zeit große Beachtung in der Wissenschaft findet. {\"U}bersetzt bedeutet Enhancement „Steigerung" oder „Verbesserung" und setzt dort an, wo Behandlungen {\"u}ber das medizinisch Notwendige hinausgehen. Enhancement ist umstritten, denn so sehr es in das Zeitalter der Selbstoptimierung passt, so sehr stellt es die Grenzendessen, was (wissenschaftlich-technisch) m{\"o}glich ist und was (ethisch-rechtlich) m{\"o}glich sein darf, in Frage und hat damit das Potential, die Gesellschaft zu spalten. Noch kontroverser wird die Lage, wenn Enhancement zuk{\"u}nftig mit Hilfe sog. Gehirnorganoide stattfindet, was jedenfalls denkbar ist. Wo neue Grenzen ausgelotet werden, ist es umso wichtiger, einen rechtlich verbindlichen Rahmen unter Beachtung ethischer Gesichtspunkte zu schaffen. Daf{\"u}r soll der vorliegende Aufsatz Impulse geben. Nach einer Definition der wichtigsten Begriffe (I.) zeigt der Beitrag den naturwissenschaftlichen Forschungs- und Entwicklungsstand von Gehirnorganoiden und einem Enhancement mit diesen auf (II.). Danach werden die ethischen Probleme diskutiert, die sich hinsichtlich Gehirnorganoiden und deren Nutzung ergeben (III.). Zuletzt werden solche Behandlungseingriffe mit Gehirnorganoiden, die neben einer therapeutischen auch eine enhancende Wirkung haben, aus rechtlicher Sicht betrachtet. Daf{\"u}r wird u. a. auf Fragender rechtlichen Einordnung von Gehirnorganoiden, arzneimittelzulassungsrechtliche Fragen, Einwilligungsfragen und sozialversicherungsrechtliche Aspekte eingegangen (IV.).}, language = {de} } @article{QiuMoellerKochetal.2022, author = {Qiu, Ruyi and M{\"o}ller, Malte and Koch, Iring and Mayr, Susanne}, title = {Saliency determines the integration of contextual information into stimulus-response episodes}, series = {Attention, Perception, \& Psychophysics}, volume = {2022}, journal = {Attention, Perception, \& Psychophysics}, number = {84}, publisher = {Springer Nature}, address = {Berlin}, doi = {10.3758/s13414-021-02428-5}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:101:1-2023072001343346194537}, pages = {1264 -- 1285}, year = {2022}, abstract = {When humans perform a task, it has been shown that elements of this task, like stimulus (e.g., target and distractor)and response, are bound together into a common episodic representation called stimulus-response episode (or event file).Recently, the context, a completely task-irrelevant stimulus, was found to be integrated into an episode as well. However,instead of being bound directly with the response in a binary fashion, the context modulates the binary binding between thedistractor and response. This finding raises the questions of whether the context can also enter into a binary binding with theresponse, and if so, what determines the way of its integration. In order to resolve these questions, saliency of the contextwas manipulated in three experiments by changing the loudness (Experiment 1) and emotional valence (Experiment 2Aand 2B) of the context. All experiments implemented the four-alternative auditory negative priming paradigm introducedby Mayr and Buchner (2006, Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 32[4], 932-943).Results showed that the integration of context changed as a function of its saliency level. Specifically, the context of lowsaliency was not bound at all, the context of moderate saliency modulated the binary binding between the distractor andresponse, whereas the context of high saliency entered into a binary binding with the response. The current results extend aprevious finding by Hommel (2004, Trends in Cognitive Sciences, 8[11], 494-500) that there is a saliency threshold whichdetermines whether a stimulus is bound or not, by suggesting that a second threshold determines the specific structure (i.e.,binary vs. configural) of the resulting binding.}, language = {en} } @article{Ryzhova2022, author = {Ryzhova, Anna}, title = {Motivated by political beliefs, not only by language: How Russian speakers in Germany compose their transnational news repertoires}, series = {Journalism}, volume = {25}, journal = {Journalism}, number = {1}, publisher = {Sage}, address = {Thousand Oaks}, doi = {10.1177/14648849221130557}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:739-opus4-15485}, pages = {218 -- 237}, year = {2022}, abstract = {Extant research in media and migration has been largely apolitical, focusing on how migrants use media to culturally connect with their homeland and keep their family ties. However, in times of increasing international conflicts and polarisation, such as the years leading up to the Russia's war against Ukraine in 2022, migrant audiences find themselves in a situation when the coverage of national and international politics in the homeland and host country media can differ dramatically. Against this backdrop, this study investigated how Russian speakers living in Germany create and navigate their transnational news repertoires. Grounded in 42 semi-structured interviews with the Russian speakers of the 1 and 1.5 generations in Germany, conducted between May and October 2021, this article identifies three types of transnational news repertoires: (1) politically-motivated news repertoire, (2) truth seeking-motivated news repertoire and (3) situation-motivated news repertoire. The results show that all the news repertoires of all participants are transnational. I argue that in the context of international conflict, not only language but also the participants' political beliefs play an essential role in their news choice. Future research on migrants in political communication should distinguish research not only along with the language of the media outlets but also along with the political ideologies that they project.}, language = {en} } @article{vonderHeydeGerl2022, author = {von der Heyde, Markus and Gerl, Armin}, title = {Entwicklungsstand der CIO-Funktion und hochschul{\"u}bergreifenden IT-Governance im Kontext der Digitalen Transformation an Hochschulen in Bayern}, series = {HMD Praxis der Wirtschaftsinformatik}, volume = {2022}, journal = {HMD Praxis der Wirtschaftsinformatik}, number = {59}, publisher = {Springer Nature}, address = {Berlin}, doi = {10.1365/s40702-022-00872-x}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:101:1-2022072222053919381076}, pages = {881 -- 895}, year = {2022}, abstract = {Die Hochschulen befinden sich durch vielf{\"a}ltige Ver{\"a}nderungs-prozesse in Verbindung mit dem Einsatz von Informationstechnologien (IT) aufdem Weg der Digitalen Transformation. Diese Digitale Transformation der Hoch-schulen umfasst intensive Ver{\"a}nderungsprozesse in der gesamten Hochschulkulturin Lehre, Forschung und Verwaltung in {\"u}bergreifender und strukturierter Weise.Seit vielen Jahren werden vielf{\"a}ltige Digitalisierungsvorhaben zur Modernisierungvon einzelnen Prozessen an den Hochschulen umgesetzt. Die Leitungen der Re-chenzentren leisten mit der Umsetzung von IT-Projekten einen zentralen Beitrag zudiesem Wandel. Mit der Einf{\"u}hrung der CIO-Funktion in den Hochschulleitungenund der hochschul{\"u}bergreifenden Kooperationen hat sich die IT-Governance wei-terentwickelt. Insbesondere f{\"u}r die Digitale Transformation werden Strukturen zurKoordination der {\"u}bergreifenden Vorhaben ben{\"o}tigt, wobei zus{\"a}tzlich zur IT-Lei-tung eine Vielzahl von Funktionstr{\"a}gern mit fachlichen Aufgaben aus Forschung,Lehre und Verwaltung involviert ist. Es stellt sich die Frage, wie die Digitale Trans-formation an Hochschulen gesteuert werden kann und in welcher organisatorischenForm sich die Aufgaben und Verantwortlichkeiten im Hochschulkontext realisierenlassen. An der Weiterentwicklung der IT-Governance an bayerischen Hochschulenwird beispielhaft erl{\"a}utert, welche {\"u}bergreifenden Aufgaben der Koordination vonBedarf und Versorgung mit IT-Services zwischen und innerhalb der Hochschulenbestehen. Die CIO-Funktion wird durch die Verankerung in der Leitungsebene derFunktion des Chief Digital Officers (CDO) aus der Wirtschaft {\"a}hnlicher, auch wennin Hochschulen aufgrund der klassischen Ressort-Einteilung die Rolle oft als Vize-pr{\"a}sident:in f{\"u}r Digitalisierung bezeichnet wird.}, language = {de} } @article{KomanderKoenig2022, author = {Komander, Verena and K{\"o}nig, Andreas}, title = {Organizations on stage: organizational research and the performing arts}, series = {Management Review Quarterly}, volume = {2024}, journal = {Management Review Quarterly}, number = {74}, publisher = {Springer Nature}, address = {Berlin}, doi = {10.1007/s11301-022-00301-9}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:101:1-2023010321004612876788}, pages = {303 -- 352}, year = {2022}, abstract = {Management and organization scholars have long been intrigued by the performing arts—music, theater, and dance—as a rich context for studying organizational phenomena. Indeed, a plethora of studies suggest that the performing arts are more than an interesting sideline for authors, as they offer unique theoretical and empirical lenses for organization studies. However, this stream of literature spreads across multiple research areas, varies with regard to its underlying theories and methods, and fails to pay sufficient attention to the contextuality of the findings. We address the resulting limitations by identifying and reviewing 89 articles on management and organization related to the performing arts published in 15 top-tier journals between 1976 and 2022. We find that research in the performing arts advances organizational theory and the understanding of organizational phenomena in four key ways, namely by studying (1) organizational phenomena in performing-arts contexts; (2) performing-arts phenomena in organizational contexts; (3) organizational phenomena through the prism of performing-arts theories; and (4) organizational phenomena through the prism of performing-arts practices. We also find that, in contrast to other settings, the performing arts are uniquely suited for immersive participant-observer research and for generating genuine insights into fundamental organizational structures and processes that are generic conditions of the performing arts and management alike, such as leadership, innovation, and the management of uncertainty. Finally, based on our consolidation of the research gaps and limitations of the reviewed studies, we develop a comprehensive agenda for future research.}, language = {en} } @article{SchweiklObermaier2022, author = {Schweikl, Stefan and Obermaier, Robert}, title = {Lost in translation: IT business value research and resource complementarity : an integrative framework, shortcomings and future research directions}, series = {Management Review Quarterly}, volume = {2022}, journal = {Management Review Quarterly}, number = {73}, publisher = {Springer Nature}, address = {Berlin}, doi = {10.1007/s11301-022-00284-7}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:101:1-2022093021520340946532}, pages = {1713 -- 1749}, year = {2022}, abstract = {Despite longstanding research efforts, there is still ambiguity surrounding the business value created by IT. To approach this conundrum, research focus has progressed from an isolated investigation of IT to the assessment of complementarity between IT and different non-IT resources such as work practices or decision structures. However, incoherence around the characteristics and scope of these complementary non-IT resources has created a fragmented body of research, preventing a sustainable knowledge creation. Thus, in this paper we synthesize the dispersed research efforts, identify shortcomings in the extant literature, and derive opportunities for future research. Specifically, we present a converging definition of complementary non-IT resources and specify their role in the value creation process from IT by viewing it through three distinct lenses: microeconomic theory, resource-based view, and contingency theory. We structure current research efforts by organizing complementary non-IT resources into distinct categories, namely strategy, structure, practices, processes, and culture (organizational resources), top management support, internal relations, and external relations (relational resources), worker skill (non-IT human resources), non-IT physical resources, as well as internal funds and external funds (financial resources). Finally, we highlight five important shortcomings in the current literature, such as the predominant use of reductionist approaches or monolithic IT measures, and make actionable recommendations to resolve them.}, language = {en} } @article{Reiter2022, author = {Reiter, Florence}, title = {Die Rolle der Europawahl 2019 in der Online-Medienberichterstattung. Eine Blended Reading Analyse am Beispiel von Spiegel-Online}, series = {Zeitschrift f{\"u}r Politikwissenschaft}, volume = {2022}, journal = {Zeitschrift f{\"u}r Politikwissenschaft}, number = {32}, publisher = {Springer Nature}, address = {Berlin}, doi = {10.1007/s41358-022-00325-3}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:101:1-2022081622245924254625}, pages = {839 -- 864}, year = {2022}, abstract = {Die quasi unbegrenzte Anzahl an frei verf{\"u}gbaren Daten im Internet birgt f{\"u}r die politikwissenschaftliche Forschung große Chancen, aber auch methodische Herausforderungen. Letztere zeigen sich vor allem in der Erhebung,Speicherung und Verarbeitung von webbasierten Daten wie beispielsweise Medienwebsites, die wissenschaftlichen Standards entsprechen. Insbesondere intersubjektive Nachvollziehbarkeit und Reliabilit{\"a}t sollten im Umgang mit internetbasierten Daten gew{\"a}hrleistet werden k{\"o}nnen. Dabei ist es beispielsweise nicht ausreichend zur intersubjektiv nachvollziehbaren Erhebung die URL einer Webseite abzuspeichern. Die hohe Fluidit{\"a}t dieser Art von Daten kann dazu f{\"u}hren, dass die Webseite bereits wenige Minuten nach der Speicherung der URL nicht mehr dem Bild entspricht, das die Forscher*in zum Speicherzeitpunkt hatte. Webarchivierung zur Datenerhebung und -speicherung sowie der Blended Reading Ansatz zur Analyse dieser Datenmengen bieten vielversprechende M{\"o}glichkeiten f{\"u}r Forschende, mit diesen Herausforderungen umzugehen. Daher f{\"u}hrt der vorliegende Beitrag eine exemplarische Analyse durch: Auf Basis von via Event-Crawl erhobenen Daten soll mit einem Blended Reading Ansatz analysiert werden, welche Rolle der Europawahl 2019 in der Online-Medienberichterstattung am Beispiel von Spiegel-Online zugeschrieben wird. Dabei geht es darum, an einem bewusst begrenzt gehaltenen Datensatz exemplarisch aufzuzeigen, {\"u}ber welches Potenzial die Durchf{\"u}hrung dieser Methodenkombination verf{\"u}gen und wie sie Forschung und Lehre bereichern kann.}, language = {de} } @article{GrimmLuckSteinhuebel2022, author = {Grimm, Michael and Luck, Nathalie and Steinh{\"u}bel, Franziska}, title = {Consumers' willingness to pay for organic rice: Insights from a non-hypothetical experiment in Indonesia}, series = {Australian Journal of Agricultural and Resource Economics}, volume = {67}, journal = {Australian Journal of Agricultural and Resource Economics}, number = {1}, publisher = {Wiley}, address = {Hoboken}, doi = {10.1111/1467-8489.12501}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:739-opus4-12412}, pages = {83 -- 103}, year = {2022}, abstract = {As in many high-income countries, there is increasing awareness towards organic farming in many low- and middle-income countries. Sustained local demand is an essential requirement for further adoption of organic farming by smallholders, who typically have only limited access to export markets. Until now, only few studies have explored the local willingness to pay (WTP) for organic products in low- and middle-income countries in real purchase situations. This paper analyses the consumers' WTP for organic rice in urban and suburban Indonesia using an incentive-compatible auction based on the Becker-DeGroot-Marschak (BDM) approach. We further study the effect of income and a randomised information treatment about the benefits of organic food on respondents' WTP. Estimates suggest that respondents are willing to pay an average price premium of 20\% compared with what they paid for conventional rice outside our experiment. However, our results also indicate that raising consumers' WTP further is complex. Showing participants a video about health or, alternatively, environmental benefits of organic food was not effective in further raising WTP. The results can be used as a basis for the design of alternative awareness measures to increase knowledge, interest and demand for organic food.}, language = {en} } @article{Fritz2022, author = {Fritz, Manuela}, title = {Wave after wave: determining the temporal lag in Covid-19 infections and deaths using spatial panel data from Germany}, series = {Journal of Spatial Econometrics}, volume = {2022}, journal = {Journal of Spatial Econometrics}, number = {3}, publisher = {Springer Nature}, address = {Berlin}, doi = {10.1007/s43071-022-00027-6}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:101:1-2022112821095396799160}, pages = {30 Seiten}, year = {2022}, abstract = {The Covid-19 pandemic requires a continuous evaluation of whether current policies and measures taken are sufficient to protect vulnerable populations. One quantitative indicator of policy effectiveness and pandemic severity is the case fatality ratio, which relies on the lagged number of infections relative to current deaths. The appropriate length of the time lag to be used, however, is heavily debated. In this article, I contribute to this debate by determining the temporal lag between the number of infections and deaths using daily panel data from Germany's 16 federal states. To account for the dynamic spatial spread of the virus, I rely on different spatial econometric models that allow not only to consider the infections in a given state but also spill over effects through infections in neighboring federal states. My results suggest that a wave of infections within a given state is followed by increasing death rates 12 days later. Yet, if the number of infections in other states rises, the number of death cases within that given state subsequently decreases. The results of this article contribute to the better understanding of the dynamic spatio-temporal spread of the virus in Germany, which is indispensable for the design of effective policy responses.}, language = {en} } @article{FruehwirthJuhosProchno2022, author = {Fr{\"u}hwirth, Lorenz and Juhos, Michael and Prochno, Joscha}, title = {The large deviation behavior of lacunary sums}, series = {Monatshefte f{\"u}r Mathematik}, volume = {2022}, journal = {Monatshefte f{\"u}r Mathematik}, number = {199}, publisher = {Springer Nature}, address = {Berlin}, doi = {10.1007/s00605-022-01733-x}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:101:1-2022081723261050522140}, pages = {113 -- 133}, year = {2022}, abstract = {We study the large deviation behavior of lacunary sums (Sn /n)n∈N with Sn :=∑[k=1...n] f (a(k)U), n ∈ |N, where U is uniformly distributed on [0, 1], (a(k))k∈|N is an Hadamard gap sequence, and f : |R → |R is a 1-periodic, (Lipschitz-)continuous mapping. In the case of large gaps, we show that the normalized partial sums satisfy a large deviation principle at speed n and with a good rate function which is the same as in the case of independent and identically distributed random variables U(k), k ∈ |N, having uniform distribution on [0, 1]. When the lacunary sequence (a(k))k∈|N is a geometric progression, then we also obtain large deviation principles at speed n, but with a good rate function that is different from the independent case, its form depending in a subtle way on the interplay between the function f and the arithmetic properties of the gap sequence. Our work generalizes some results recently obtained by Aistleitner, Gantert, Kabluchko, Prochno, and Ramanan [Large deviation principles for lacunary sums, preprint, 2020] who initiated this line of research for the case of lacunary trigonometric sums.}, language = {en} } @article{ToepflKravetsRyzhovaetal.2022, author = {T{\"o}pfl, Florian and Kravets, Daria and Ryzhova, Anna and Beseler, Arista}, title = {Who are the plotters behind the pandemic?}, series = {Information, Communication \& Society}, volume = {26 (2023)}, journal = {Information, Communication \& Society}, number = {10}, publisher = {Taylor \& Francis}, address = {London}, doi = {10.1080/1369118X.2022.2065213}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:739-opus4-19119}, pages = {2033 -- 2051}, year = {2022}, abstract = {This article advances extant research that has audited search algorithms for misinformation in four respects. Firstly, this is the first misinformation audit not to implement a national but a cross-national research design. Secondly, it retrieves results not in response to the most popular query terms. Instead, it theorizes two semantic dimensions of search terms and illustrates how they impact the number of misinformative results returned. Furthermore, the analysis not only captures the mere presence of misinformative content but in addition whether the source websites are affiliated with a key misinformation actor (Russia's ruling elites) and whom the conspiracy narratives cast as the malicious plotters. Empirically, the audit compares Covid-19 conspiracy theories in Google search results across 5 key target countries of Russia's foreign communication (Belarus, Estonia, Germany, Ukraine, and the US) and Russia as of November 2020 (N = 5280 search results). It finds that, across all countries, primarily content published by mass media organizations rendered conspiracy theories visible in search results. Conspiratorial content published on websites affiliated with Russia's ruling elites was retrieved in the Belarusian, German and Russian contexts. Across all countries, the majority of conspiracy narratives suspected plotters from China. Malicious actors from the US were insinuated exclusively by sources affiliated with Russia's elites. Overall, conspiracy narratives did not primarily deepen divides within but between national communities, since - across all countries - only plotters from beyond the national borders were blamed. To conclude, the article discusses methodological advice and promising paths of research for future cross-national search engine audits.}, language = {en} } @article{DaschnerObermaier2022, author = {Daschner, Stefan and Obermaier, Robert}, title = {Algorithm aversion? On the influence of advice accuracy on trust in algorithmic advice}, series = {Journal of Decision Systems}, volume = {31 (2022)}, journal = {Journal of Decision Systems}, number = {S1}, publisher = {Taylor \& Francis}, address = {London}, doi = {10.1080/12460125.2022.2070951}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:739-opus4-19120}, pages = {77 -- 97}, year = {2022}, abstract = {There is empirical evidence that decision makers show negative behaviours towards algorithmic advice compared to human advice, termed as algorithm aversion. Taking a trust theoretical perspective, this study broadens the quite monolithic view on behaviour to its cognitive antecedent: cognitive trust, i.e. trusting beliefs and trusting intentions. We examine initial trust (cognitive trust and behaviour) as well as its development after performance feedback by conducting an online experiment that asked participants to forecast the expected demand for a product. Advice accuracy was manipulated by ± 5 \% relative to the participant's initial forecasting accuracy determined in a pre-test. Results show that initial behaviour towards algorithmic advice is not influenced by cognitive trust. Furthermore, the decision maker's initial forecasting accuracy indicates a threshold between near-perfect and bad advice. When advice accuracy is at this threshold, we observe behavioural algorithm appreciation, particularly due to higher trusting integrity beliefs in algorithmic advice.}, language = {en} }