@phdthesis{Iretzberger2022, author = {Iretzberger, Manuel}, title = {Der Critical Realism als Metatheorie der Internationalen Beziehungen}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:739-opus4-11465}, school = {Universit{\"a}t Passau}, pages = {51 Seiten}, year = {2022}, abstract = {Dieser Mantelteil gibt einen detaillierten Einblick in das Dissertationsprojekt "Der Critical Realism als Metatheorie der Internationalen Beziehungen" und die darin entwickelten zentralen Argumente. Zudem werden die im Rahmen der Dissertation ver{\"o}ffentlichten Einzelbeitr{\"a}ge vorgestellt und in den Gesamtzusammenhang des Forschungsprojekts eingeordnet.}, language = {de} } @article{BecherGerl2022, author = {Becher, Stefan and Gerl, Armin}, title = {ConTra Preference Language: Privacy Preference Unification via Privacy Interfaces}, series = {Sensors}, volume = {22}, journal = {Sensors}, number = {14}, editor = {Sarne, Giuseppe Maria Luigi and Ma, Jianhua and Rosaci, Domenico and Srivastava, Gautam}, publisher = {MDPI}, address = {Basel, Switzerland}, issn = {1424-8220}, doi = {10.3390/s22145428}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:739-opus4-11218}, pages = {18 Seiten}, year = {2022}, abstract = {After the enactment of the GDPR in 2018, many companies were forced to rethink their privacy management in order to comply with the new legal framework. These changes mostly affect the Controller to achieve GDPR-compliant privacy policies and management.However, measures to give users a better understanding of privacy, which is essential to generate legitimate interest in the Controller, are often skipped. We recommend addressing this issue by the usage of privacy preference languages, whereas users define rules regarding their preferences for privacy handling. In the literature, preference languages only work with their corresponding privacy language, which limits their applicability. In this paper, we propose the ConTra preference language, which we envision to support users during privacy policy negotiation while meeting current technical and legal requirements. Therefore, ConTra preferences are defined showing its expressiveness, extensibility, and applicability in resource-limited IoT scenarios. In addition, we introduce a generic approach which provides privacy language compatibility for unified preference matching.}, language = {en} } @misc{OPUS4-1154, title = {Universit{\"a}tsbibliothek Passau: Jahresbericht 2021}, address = {Passau}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:739-opus4-11549}, year = {2022}, abstract = {Jahresbericht der Universit{\"a}tsbibliothek Passau f{\"u}r das Jahr 2021.}, language = {de} } @techreport{Weithmann2022, author = {Weithmann, Michael}, title = {Die Petschenegen. Ein zentralasiatisches Reitervolk im Nibelungenlied}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:739-opus4-11450}, pages = {22 Seiten}, year = {2022}, abstract = {The Nibelungenlied represents a real international setting of historic peoples: Burgundians, Saxons, Huns, Russians, Romanians and in one single line Petchenegs, a turktataric tribe of Nomads. In the 12th. and 13th.centuries Petchenegs served as borderline-warriors in the Kingdom of Hungary. Had the Compilator of the Nibelungenlied knowledge of their presence along the Hungarian Danube?}, language = {de} } @phdthesis{Mosch2022, author = {Mosch, Philipp}, title = {Four Essays on Digital Transformation Strategies from the Perspectives of Capital Markets, Incumbents and Start-ups}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:739-opus4-11337}, school = {Universit{\"a}t Passau}, pages = {XVII, 229 Seiten}, year = {2022}, abstract = {This dissertation uses four studies to examine the context-contingent strategic factors that are critical to the success of digital transformation strategies from the perspectives of capital markets, incumbents, and start-ups. It focuses on a better understanding of (1) digital innovations and their quantitative evaluation, (2) power disruptions in digitally servitized supply chains, (3) strategic measures and dynamics in digital B2B platform markets, and (4) strategizing by data-driven start-ups in digitalized business networks.}, language = {en} } @phdthesis{Dzepina2022, author = {Dzepina, Aleksandra}, title = {Qualit{\"a}t von Prozessmodellen - Entwicklung eines Ordnungsrahmens zur Analyse, Klassifikation und Bestimmung der Qualit{\"a}tsanforderungen an Prozessmodelle}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:739-opus4-11864}, school = {Universit{\"a}t Passau}, pages = {IX, 259 Seiten}, year = {2022}, abstract = {Die vorliegende Dissertation behandelt die Qualit{\"a}t von Prozessmodellen. Vor diesem Hintergrund haben Experteninterviews mit Forschungs- und Praxispartnern zur Entwicklung und Evaluierung eines Ordnungsrahmens zur Qualit{\"a}tsbestimmung von Prozessmodellen beigetragen. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass unter anderem die Einsatzzwecke der Prozessmodelle sowie die mit den Prozessmodellen in Ber{\"u}hrung kommenden Personengruppen differenziert betrachtet werden m{\"u}ssen, um Auswirkungen auf die Prozessmodellqualit{\"a}t untersuchen zu k{\"o}nnen.}, language = {de} } @phdthesis{Schlenker2022, author = {Schlenker, Florian}, title = {Delaunay Configuration B-Splines}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:739-opus4-11225}, school = {Universit{\"a}t Passau}, pages = {xxiii, 223 Seiten}, year = {2022}, abstract = {The generalization of univariate splines to higher dimensions is not straightforward. There are different approaches, each with its own advantages and drawbacks. A promising approach using Delaunay configurations and simplex splines is due to Neamtu. After recalling fundamentals of univariate splines, simplex splines, and the wellknown, multivariate DMS-splines, we address Neamtu's DCB-splines. He defined two variants that we refer to as the nonpooled and the pooled approach, respectively. Regarding these spline spaces, we contribute the following results. We prove that, under suitable assumptions on the knot set, both variants exhibit the local finiteness property, i.e., these spline spaces are locally finite-dimensional and at each point only a finite number of basis candidate functions have a nonzero value. Additionally, we establish a criterion guaranteeing these properties within a compact region under mitigated assumptions. Moreover, we show that the knot insertion process known from univariate splines does not work for DCB-splines and reason why this behavior is inherent to these spline spaces. Furthermore, we provide a necessary criterion for the knot insertion property to hold true for a specific inserted knot. This criterion is also sufficient for bivariate, nonpooled DCB-splines of degrees zero and one. Numerical experiments suggest that the sufficiency also holds true for arbitrary spline degrees. Univariate functions can be approximated in terms of splines using the Schoenberg operator, where the approximation error decreases quadratically as the maximum distance between consecutive knots is reduced. We show that the Schoenberg operator can be defined analogously for both variants of DCB-splines with a similar error bound. Additionally, we provide a counterexample showing that the basis candidate functions of nonpooled DCB-splines are not necessarily linearly independent, contrary to earlier statements in the literature. In particular, this implies that the corresponding functions are not a basis for the space of nonpooled DCB-splines.}, subject = {Spline}, language = {en} } @phdthesis{Mini2022, author = {Mini, Tobias}, title = {An Exploration of Tensions in Centralized and Decentralized Digital Platform Contexts}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:739-opus4-11322}, school = {Universit{\"a}t Passau}, pages = {vi, 154 Seiten}, year = {2022}, abstract = {Digital platforms consist of technical elements such as software and hardware and associated social elements such as organizational processes and standards. When such social or technical elements seem logical individually but inconsistent when juxtaposed they form tensions. Prior research on platforms often focused on individual elements of digital platforms but neglected possible related and conflicting elements which offers limited insight about underlying tensions. While some studies on platforms considered tensions, they largely assumed that centralized platform owners being responsible for responding to tensions, neglecting collective response mechanisms in blockchain-based decentralized autonomous organizations (DAOs) where decentralized participants typically respond to tensions. The examination of tensions in the context of centralized platforms and decentralized autonomous organizations offers an opportunity to surface conflicting elements that form novel types of socio-technical tensions which require collective and technology-enabled response mechanisms. This thesis explored what tensions exist in centralized and decentralized digital platform contexts and how platform participants can respond to selected tensions. For this purpose, this thesis comprises five essays that employ multiple different research methods including interviews analyzed by using techniques of grounded theory, qualitative meta-analysis of published case studies, and systematic literature reviews. The findings derived from all five essays contribute to a better understanding of tensions in digital platforms. In particular, this thesis (1) offers a lens for analyzing platforms as collective organizations in which tensions arise at the collective meta-organizational level requiring collective responses, (2) identifies new tensions and response mechanisms related to generativity and collectivity, and (3) points to a novel category of socio-technical tensions that are especially salient in digital platforms.}, language = {en} } @article{WolffPecikiewicz2022, author = {Wolff, Hannes and Pecikiewicz, Jana}, title = {Enhancement mit Gehirnorganoiden - Ethische und rechtliche Probleme einer terra nova}, series = {Medizinrecht}, volume = {2022}, journal = {Medizinrecht}, number = {40}, publisher = {Springer Nature}, address = {Berlin}, doi = {10.1007/s00350-022-6333-4}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:101:1-2023021209214076051248}, pages = {907 -- 917}, year = {2022}, abstract = {Enhancement - ein Begriff, der zwar im Alltag noch nicht in aller Munde ist, aber dennoch seit geraumer Zeit große Beachtung in der Wissenschaft findet. {\"U}bersetzt bedeutet Enhancement „Steigerung" oder „Verbesserung" und setzt dort an, wo Behandlungen {\"u}ber das medizinisch Notwendige hinausgehen. Enhancement ist umstritten, denn so sehr es in das Zeitalter der Selbstoptimierung passt, so sehr stellt es die Grenzendessen, was (wissenschaftlich-technisch) m{\"o}glich ist und was (ethisch-rechtlich) m{\"o}glich sein darf, in Frage und hat damit das Potential, die Gesellschaft zu spalten. Noch kontroverser wird die Lage, wenn Enhancement zuk{\"u}nftig mit Hilfe sog. Gehirnorganoide stattfindet, was jedenfalls denkbar ist. Wo neue Grenzen ausgelotet werden, ist es umso wichtiger, einen rechtlich verbindlichen Rahmen unter Beachtung ethischer Gesichtspunkte zu schaffen. Daf{\"u}r soll der vorliegende Aufsatz Impulse geben. Nach einer Definition der wichtigsten Begriffe (I.) zeigt der Beitrag den naturwissenschaftlichen Forschungs- und Entwicklungsstand von Gehirnorganoiden und einem Enhancement mit diesen auf (II.). Danach werden die ethischen Probleme diskutiert, die sich hinsichtlich Gehirnorganoiden und deren Nutzung ergeben (III.). Zuletzt werden solche Behandlungseingriffe mit Gehirnorganoiden, die neben einer therapeutischen auch eine enhancende Wirkung haben, aus rechtlicher Sicht betrachtet. Daf{\"u}r wird u. a. auf Fragender rechtlichen Einordnung von Gehirnorganoiden, arzneimittelzulassungsrechtliche Fragen, Einwilligungsfragen und sozialversicherungsrechtliche Aspekte eingegangen (IV.).}, language = {de} } @article{QiuMoellerKochetal.2022, author = {Qiu, Ruyi and M{\"o}ller, Malte and Koch, Iring and Mayr, Susanne}, title = {Saliency determines the integration of contextual information into stimulus-response episodes}, series = {Attention, Perception, \& Psychophysics}, volume = {2022}, journal = {Attention, Perception, \& Psychophysics}, number = {84}, publisher = {Springer Nature}, address = {Berlin}, doi = {10.3758/s13414-021-02428-5}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:101:1-2023072001343346194537}, pages = {1264 -- 1285}, year = {2022}, abstract = {When humans perform a task, it has been shown that elements of this task, like stimulus (e.g., target and distractor)and response, are bound together into a common episodic representation called stimulus-response episode (or event file).Recently, the context, a completely task-irrelevant stimulus, was found to be integrated into an episode as well. However,instead of being bound directly with the response in a binary fashion, the context modulates the binary binding between thedistractor and response. This finding raises the questions of whether the context can also enter into a binary binding with theresponse, and if so, what determines the way of its integration. In order to resolve these questions, saliency of the contextwas manipulated in three experiments by changing the loudness (Experiment 1) and emotional valence (Experiment 2Aand 2B) of the context. All experiments implemented the four-alternative auditory negative priming paradigm introducedby Mayr and Buchner (2006, Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 32[4], 932-943).Results showed that the integration of context changed as a function of its saliency level. Specifically, the context of lowsaliency was not bound at all, the context of moderate saliency modulated the binary binding between the distractor andresponse, whereas the context of high saliency entered into a binary binding with the response. The current results extend aprevious finding by Hommel (2004, Trends in Cognitive Sciences, 8[11], 494-500) that there is a saliency threshold whichdetermines whether a stimulus is bound or not, by suggesting that a second threshold determines the specific structure (i.e.,binary vs. configural) of the resulting binding.}, language = {en} }