@phdthesis{Wendler2017, author = {Wendler, Philipp}, title = {Towards Practical Predicate Analysis}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:739-opus4-5098}, school = {Universit{\"a}t Passau}, pages = {xii, 212 Seiten}, year = {2017}, abstract = {Software model checking is a successful technique for automated program verification. Several of the most widely used approaches for software model checking are based on solving first-order-logic formulas over predicates using SMT solvers, e.g., predicate abstraction, bounded model checking, k-induction, and lazy abstraction with interpolants. We define a configurable framework for predicate-based analyses that allows expressing each of these approaches. This unifying framework highlights the differences between the approaches, producing new insights, and facilitates research of further algorithms and their combinations, as witnessed by several research projects that have been conducted on top of this framework. In addition to this theoretical contribution, we provide a mature implementation of our framework in the software verifier that allows applying all of the mentioned approaches to practice. This implementation is used by other research groups, e.g., to find bugs in the Linux kernel, and has proven its competitiveness by winning gold medals in the International Competition on Software Verification. Tools and approaches for software model checking like our predicate analysis are typically evaluated using performance benchmarking on large sets of verification tasks. We have identified several pitfalls that can silently arise during benchmarking, and we have found that the benchmarking techniques and tools that are used by many researchers do not guarantee valid results in practice, but may produce arbitrarily large measurement errors. Furthermore, certain hardware characteristics can also have nondeterministic influence on the measurements. In order to being able to properly evaluate our framework for software verification, we study the effects of these hardware characteristics, and define a list of the most important requirements that need to be ensured for reliable benchmarking. We present as solution an open-source benchmarking framework BenchExec, which in contrast to other benchmarking tools fulfills all our requirements and aims at making reliable benchmarking easy. BenchExec was already adopted by several research groups and the International Competition on Software Verification. Using the power of BenchExec we conduct an experimental evaluation of our unifying framework for predicate analysis. We study the effect of varying the SMT solver and the way program semantics are encoded in formulas across several verification algorithms and find that these technical choices can significantly influence the results of experimental studies of verification approaches. This is valuable information for both researchers who study verification approaches as well as for users who apply them in practice. Our comprehensive study of 120 different configurations would not have been possible without our highly flexible and configurable unifying framework for predicate analysis and shows that the latter is a valuable base for conducting experiments. Furthermore, we show using a comparison against top-ranking verifiers from the International Competition on Software Verification that our implementation is highly competitive and can outperform the state of the art.}, subject = {Programmverifikation}, language = {en} } @phdthesis{Lorenz2018, author = {Lorenz, Florian}, title = {Analyse und Erzeugung von glatten Fl{\"a}chen{\"u}berg{\"a}ngen f{\"u}r das CNC-Fr{\"a}sen}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:739-opus4-5166}, school = {Universit{\"a}t Passau}, pages = {i, 149 Seiten}, year = {2018}, abstract = {In dieser Arbeit werden numerisch stabile Methoden zur Pr{\"u}fung von Stetigkeiten an Fl{\"a}chen{\"u}berg{\"a}ngen vorgestellt und Algorithmen zur Erzeugung von G^2-stetigen Fl{\"a}chen{\"u}berg{\"a}ngen hergeleitet.}, subject = {Differentialgeometrie}, language = {de} } @misc{vonHofstaetterLandersdorfer2017, author = {von Hofst{\"a}tter, Heinrich and Landersdorfer, Anton}, title = {Die Ad-limina-Berichte des Passauer Bischofs Heinrich von Hofst{\"a}tter (1839-1875)}, editor = {Landersdorfer, Anton}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:739-opus4-4930}, pages = {180 S.}, year = {2017}, abstract = {Zwischen 1844 und 1873 erstattete der Passauer Bischof Heinrich von Hofst{\"a}tter (1839-1875) dem jeweiligen Papst insgesamt neun Mal detailliert Bericht {\"u}ber den Zustand seines Bistums ebenso wie {\"u}ber sein oberhirtliches Wirken. Weil diese im Archivio Segreto Vaticano verwahrten Relationen, die sog. Ad-limina-Berichte, sich in vielerlei Hinsicht als informativ erweisen, sollen sie der wissenschaftlichen Forschung im vollen Wortlaut zur Verf{\"u}gung gestellt werden.}, language = {de} } @phdthesis{Huettel2017, author = {H{\"u}ttel, Bj{\"o}rn}, title = {Three Essays on Success Factors of Digital and Non-digital Services}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:739-opus4-5134}, school = {Universit{\"a}t Passau}, pages = {XVIII, 170 Seiten}, year = {2017}, abstract = {In three studies, this dissertation deals with success factors of digital and non-digital services. More specifically it reveals the role of non-monetary costs for the success of free digital services. Moreover, it deals with customer orientation of frontline employees. It reveals the crucial role of the customer for frontline employees' ability to act in a customer-oriented manner.}, subject = {Kundenorientierung}, language = {en} } @phdthesis{Nagel2017, author = {Nagel, Christian}, title = {Three Essays on the Marketing of Innovations}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:739-opus4-5031}, school = {Universit{\"a}t Passau}, pages = {XIX, 150 Seiten}, year = {2017}, abstract = {Really new products frequently receive great academic, managerial and public attention, because they have the potential to change everybody's lives. Our economic system fundamentally relies on creative destruction, i.e. the constant process by which innovations challenge established products. This tension between the new and the already existing in the end promises competitive advantage, but makes it difficult to successfully introduce product innovations to the market. Hence, companies strive to become better all along the innovation process, ranging from idea generation, to product launch, and customers' post-adoption product experience. This dissertation addresses challenges along the product innovation process in three independent essays. Essay 1 focuses on members' collaboration behavior in innovation forums. Many innovations at first are invented by users and later on get developed into products ready for the consumer market within firms' R\&D departments. Users are often the first to encounter novel needs and come up with ideas, concepts and even prototypes to satisfy them. Online forums are social spheres where hobbyists and professionals from all over the world meet to exchange their ideas about products and share their latest experiences. Hence, online forums represent incredibly rich resources to inspire companies' ideation processes. Essay 1 investigates the social mechanism of member collaboration in innovation communities. Theory on creativity postulates that the interaction between the core and the periphery of social networks enables the communities' innovative performance. Recent research showed that members from the periphery can boost their individual innovative performance via exchanging with the community core. However, we still do not know why core members assist peripherals. Essay 1 reveals that core members benefit from exchanging with members from the periphery throughout increasing their own influence as experts among peers in the core. The identified mechanism can be used to select the right candidates for co-creation workshops. Essay 2 identifies a product launch strategy for innovations which are both, radical and disruptive. The successful launch of radical and disruptive innovations is a difficult challenge, because their radical newness provokes consumers' uncertainties. Furthermore, because of their disruptiveness, at the time of product launch those innovations are perceived to be inferior regarding their primary functionality compared to established products, although their performance in general is fully sufficient to satisfy consumers' actual needs. A means to address the perceived inferiority is to add a feature to the innovation which offers a functional surplus by means of existing technology. Essay 2 shows that simultaneously introducing the innovation and a functionally modified version thereof increases consumers' adoption intentions. Furthermore, consumers who opted for the modified, but more expensive version are not dissatisfied with their choice in the long run, although they do not need the additional performance from an objective point of view. Essay 2 contributes insights regarding the causes and consequences of this new product launch strategy to the theory of radical and disruptive innovations. The findings of this essay are highly relevant to managers, because they show how this strategy can be implemented in practice to lower the failure rate of really new products at product launch. Innovation research to date is rich on evidence regarding the determinants of consumers' adoption decisions. However, perhaps due to questions of data accessibility, insights of consumers' post-adoption product evaluation are still scarce. Hence, essay 3 shifts the focus beyond product adoption to investigate the interplay of early adopters' experienced utility, perceived aesthetic value and attitude toward the product in the long-run. Findings show that the perceived aesthetic value creates a halo effect in the post-adoption phase, such that the influence of early adopters' experienced utility on attitude gets weaker, the more positively they evaluate the innovations' aesthetics over time. Furthermore, the halo effect only tempers the relationship between experienced hedonic utility and attitude when consumers are characterized by innate consumer innovativeness. Managers should see the products' form not only as a means to increase purchase intentions, but understand that aesthetic value offers the potential to shape consumers' long term attitude toward the product, which in turn is an important driver for word of mouth behavior. A high score on the trait innate consumer innovativeness is an appropriate criterion for the selection of users for design co-creation.}, subject = {Produktinnovation}, language = {en} } @phdthesis{Selzer2017, author = {Selzer, Veronika}, title = {Managing Role Stress in Service Occupations: Addressing Gaps in Boundary Spanner Research}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:739-opus4-5118}, school = {Universit{\"a}t Passau}, pages = {XI, 137 Seiten}, year = {2017}, abstract = {Even though the negative outcomes of boundary spanners' role stress are well- known to service theory and practice, insights into how to manage frontline employees to lower experienced role stress are sparse. Moreover, extant research fails to include most up-to-date challenges of new service environments and their effects on frontline employees' role stress perceptions. This dissertation's studies focus on three different aspects of managing boundary spanners' role stress in service occupations affected by the challenges of new service environments: managing (a) enhanced individual role complexity by feedback (Study 1), (b) person-role conflicts by transformational leadership (Study 2), and (c) role ambiguity by problem-focused coping strategies (Study 3). Study 1 introduces the new concept of individual role complexity as mediator between environmental complexity (from customers and the own organization) and role stress of frontline employees in service settings. Moreover, Study 1 details different aspects of individual role complexity and considers feedback from various sources as potential moderators that mitigate the stressing effect of high individual role complexity. The results of this study provide a deeper understanding of current boundary spanner roles, their complexity and potential approaches to handle individual role complexity. The study offers directions for further empirical research on boundary spanners' role complexity. Moreover, it helps managers to understand today's service environments and frontline employees' roles plus it suggests tools to manage imminent performance declines caused by individual role complexity. The purpose of Study 2 is to identify effective leadership behavior that reduces frontline employees' person-role conflicts, a hitherto rather neglected sub-dimension of role conflicts that strongly differs from externally originated role conflict dimensions which have been examined in existing research. Moreover, Study 2 aims at identifying individual cultural values as important contingency factors for the effects of transformational leadership respectively person-role conflicts on a frontline employee's job performance. Results reveal that charisma-related transformational leadership styles promote the job performance of frontline employees, even in the face of person-role conflicts, while intellectual stimulation has a negative effect on job performance. In addition, the individual cultural values collectivism, power distance, and uncertainty avoidance moderate the effects of transformational leadership on job performance. The findings imply that service firms should train managers in the use of charisma-related leadership styles and highlight the importance of employees' individual culture when leading frontline employees with distinct leadership styles. Study 3 addresses which frontline employees' problem-focused coping strategies might effectively reduce perceived role ambiguity. The gathered evidence indicates that only action coping is effective, whereas instrumental support seeking does even enhance perceived role ambiguity. An examination of intrinsic and extrinsic coping resources as drivers of coping reveals that conscientiousness and supervisor support are helpful coping resources. Contrary, neuroticism drives insufficient coping and inhibits the use of effective coping resources. Managers of service firms should provide training to ensure effective supervisor support plus consider the personality traits of potential employees in recruitment procedures to reduce and prevent experienced role ambiguity among frontline employees. Altogether, the three studies contribute to existing service theory and practice by identifying management tools to counter role stress perceptions induced by the challenges of new service environments.}, subject = {Dienstleistung}, language = {en} } @phdthesis{Linsbauer2019, author = {Linsbauer, Michael}, title = {Musikfestival-Landschaft Nieder{\"o}sterreich - Musikhistorische und kulturpolitische Rahmenbedingungen eines Erfolgsmodells}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:739-opus4-8334}, school = {Universit{\"a}t Passau}, pages = {382 Seiten}, year = {2019}, abstract = {Das Hauptanliegen dieser Dissertation ist es einerseits, zu untermauern, dass sich mit der nieder{\"o}sterreichischen „Musiklandschaft" ein {\"u}berregional relevantes Erfolgsmodell kultureller Entwicklungs- und Aufbauarbeit pr{\"a}sentiert, und andererseits zu erforschen, welche konkreten Rahmenbedingungen und Erfolgsfaktoren zu diesem positiven Befund beigetragen haben. Die zentrale Frage in diesem Zusammenhang lautet: Wie war es m{\"o}glich, ausgerechnet in Nieder{\"o}sterreich, dem rund um die {\"o}sterreichische Hauptstadt mit ihrem intensiven Kulturangebot und international beachteten Musikleben gelegenen Bundesland, eine eigenst{\"a}ndige und ebenfalls hochwertige Musikszene und Festivaldichte - zwar im Spannungsfeld Wiens aber dennoch unabh{\"a}ngig von den Musikaktivit{\"a}ten der Hauptstadt - zu entwickeln und langfristig zu etablieren?}, subject = {Musikfestspiel}, language = {de} } @phdthesis{Neun2020, author = {Neun, Patrick}, title = {Die kontempor{\"a}re universit{\"a}re Lehramtsausbildung f{\"u}r das Fach Sport in Deutschland und den USA - Eine explorative, melioristisch motivierte Vergleichsuntersuchung}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:739-opus4-8645}, school = {Universit{\"a}t Passau}, pages = {358 Seiten}, year = {2020}, abstract = {Die vergleichende Sportp{\"a}dagogik als Teildisziplin und zugleich Schnittmenge der vergleichenden Erziehungswissenschaft und der allgemeinen Sportp{\"a}dagogik macht es sich zur Aufgabe, sportbezogene Charakteristika zweier oder mehrerer L{\"a}nder oder Kulturen miteinander zu vergleichen und den dadurch entstandenen Erkenntnisgewinn in verschiedensten Sph{\"a}ren nutzbar zu machen - eine Wissenschaftsdisziplin, wie auch Forschungsmethode, deren M{\"o}glichkeiten nicht nur f{\"u}r den Sportunterricht per se, sondern auch f{\"u}r die (universit{\"a}re) Ausbildung der zuk{\"u}nftigen Arrangeure des Sportunterrichts nutzbar gemacht werden k{\"o}nnen. Im Rahmen eines melioristisch motivierten Vergleichs macht es sich diese Forschungsarbeit zum Ziel, Unterschiede und Gemeinsamkeiten der universit{\"a}ren Sportlehramtsausbildung in Deutschland und den USA zu eruieren, deren Ursachen zu analysieren und auf dieser Basis Potenziale, Entwicklungsperspektiven und Handlungsoptionen f{\"u}r den positiven Fortschritt beider universit{\"a}rer Ausbildungssysteme aufzuzeigen. Dabei werden sowohl außensystemische, wie auch innensystemische Untersuchungsaspekte ber{\"u}cksichtigt.}, language = {de} } @phdthesis{Schiebelsberger2022, author = {Schiebelsberger, Agathe}, title = {Lehrerpers{\"o}nlichkeit durch Selbstwirksamkeit}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:739-opus4-11129}, school = {Universit{\"a}t Passau}, pages = {319 Seiten}, year = {2022}, abstract = {Forschungsfrage: Im Zentrum der Forschungsbem{\"u}hungen steht die Lehrerpers{\"o}nlichkeit, welche durch die Selbstwirksamkeit als Eigenschaft beschrieben werden soll. Methodik: Als Methode wird die qualitative Analyse der Hermeneutik verwendet. Dabei werden Begriffe und Modelle zur Lehrerpers{\"o}nlichkeit und Selbstwirksamkeit erl{\"a}utert und in ihrer Bedeutung f{\"u}r das p{\"a}dagogische Handeln erschlossen. Ergebnis: Selbstwirksamkeit ist eine unbedingt notwendige pers{\"o}nliche Ressource, die regulierend auf kognitive, emotionale, motivationale und selektive Prozesse einwirkt und Entwicklungsprozesse unterst{\"u}tzt. Dennoch sind der Selbstwirksamkeit Grenzen gesetzt, so dass diese nicht als hinreichend f{\"u}r die Beschreibung der gesamten Lehrerpers{\"o}nlichkeit angesehen werden kann. Wie die zunehmende Beanspruchung auf die Lehrerpers{\"o}nlichkeit wirkt, wird durch die Belastungsforschung dargelegt. Abgesehen von begrifflichen Kontroversen ist die berufliche Selbstwirksamkeit entscheidend f{\"u}r die Bew{\"a}ltigung schwieriger Situationen. Auch in der Lehrerbildung wird die Bedeutung der Lehrerselbstwirksamkeit hervorgehoben. Neben Einflussm{\"o}glichkeiten im schulischen Rahmen stehen Ansatzpunkte im Mittelpunkt, die bei der Lehrerpers{\"o}nlichkeit ansetzen und durch sie aktiv unterst{\"u}tzt werden k{\"o}nnen. Zudem wird versucht, aus dem Erkenntnisgewinn Konsequenzen f{\"u}r die Rekrutierung und Ausbildung der Lehramtsstudenten abzuleiten und bildungspolitische Anspr{\"u}che zu formulieren, da ein gewisses Maß an Selbstwirksamkeit zu den Mindestvoraussetzungen f{\"u}r den beruflichen Erfolgt geh{\"o}rt.}, language = {de} } @phdthesis{Pauli2022, author = {Pauli, Thomas}, title = {„Amen, ich sage euch: Er wird gewiss nicht um seinen Lohn kommen." (Mt 10,42) Anthropologische Optionen bei Karl Homann als Interpretationsinstrumente f{\"u}r ausgew{\"a}hlte Texteinheiten im Matth{\"a}usevangelium}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:739-opus4-10760}, school = {Universit{\"a}t Passau}, pages = {299 Seiten}, year = {2022}, abstract = {Die Untersuchung analysiert und vergleicht aus der Perspektive der theologischen Ethik den wirtschaftsethischen Ansatz von Karl Homann und ausgew{\"a}hlte Texte des Matth{\"a}usevangeliums im Hinblick auf die Handlungswirksamkeit von Sollensforderungen. Die Arbeit geht der konkreten Frage nach, inwiefern eine moderne Wirtschaftsethik an ein biblisches Ethos anschlussf{\"a}hig ist, aber auch: wo Grenzen der Anschlussf{\"a}higkeit erreicht sind. Aus dem Forschungsinteresse wird eine weitere Frage abgeleitet, die ebenfalls untersucht wird: Welchen Beitrag kann eine ethische Perspektive auf narrative Texte des Matth{\"a}usevangeliums zur wirtschaftsethischen Fragestellung leisten: Wie wird Moral handlungswirksam? Auf der Grundlage einer narrativen Textanalyse werden das Gleichnis von den zehn M{\"a}dchen (Mt 25,1-13), das Gleichnis von den anvertrauten Geldern (Mt 25,14-30) und die Textsequenz vom Weltgericht (Mt 25,31-46) untersucht. Vor dem Hintergrund der Erz{\"a}hltextanalyse werden die drei Texteinheiten aus ethischer Perspektive betrachtet. Die Arbeit ist zu dem Ergebnis gekommen, dass zwischen Homanns wirtschaftsethischer Konzeption und der vom Verfasser gew{\"a}hlten ethischen Perspektive auf das Matth{\"a}usevangelium Entsprechungen bez{\"u}glich der Handlungswirksamkeit von Sollensforderungen bestehen. N{\"a}herhin hat die Arbeit Parallelen hinsichtlich der Anreizkompatibilit{\"a}t moralischer Normen, der Rehabilitierung des Eigennutzstrebens und der Zweistufigen Ethik aufgezeigt, an denen ein Dialog zwischen theologischer Ethik und deutschsprachiger Wirtschaftsethik ankn{\"u}pfen und die dargestellten Inhalte vertiefen kann. Der Dialog hat jedoch ein angemessenes Verst{\"a}ndnis dieser Parallelen zu beachten: Sie sind als Analogien zu verstehen, und zwar insbesondere aus zwei Gr{\"u}nden. Zum einen gilt es, den unterschiedlichen Typus der ethischen Argumentation zu beachten, und zum anderen den Unterschied zwischen einem biblischen Ethos auf Mikro- und Mesoebene und einer normativen Ethik auf Makroebene.}, language = {de} }