@article{KoestlerWolff2025, author = {K{\"o}stler, Verena and Wolff, Monika-Sybille}, title = {Promoting digital competencies in pre-service teachers : the impact of integrative learning opportunities}, series = {Education Sciences}, volume = {15 (2025)}, journal = {Education Sciences}, number = {3}, editor = {Sabitzer, Barbara and H{\"o}rmann, Corinna}, publisher = {MDPI}, address = {Basel}, issn = {2227-7102}, doi = {10.3390/educsci15030337}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:739-opus4-16854}, pages = {14 Seiten}, year = {2025}, abstract = {Offering learning opportunities for developing digital competencies in pre-service teacher education remains challenging despite its growing importance in preparing future educators. This study investigates the effectiveness of integrative learning opportunities, called "digitally enhanced courses", which combine subject-specific and digital learning objectives. Implemented at a German university (2019-2023). These courses aimed to promote digital competencies required for technology-supported teaching. Using survey data from 312 pre-service teachers, the research examined students' self-assessed digital competencies, technology acceptance, and value-cost assessments through multiple measurement instruments, including TPACK scales, the Technology Acceptance Model, and Expectancy-Value beliefs. Results revealed significantly higher self-assessed digital competencies in private contexts compared to teaching situations. While mere course participation showed no significant impact, both the frequency and number of attended courses positively correlated with higher self-assessed digital skills across all TPACK dimensions. Additionally, increased technology acceptance and higher success expectations were associated with enhanced teaching-related digital competencies. The findings emphasize that the effectiveness of digitally enhanced courses is contingent upon systematic implementation and student engagement, highlighting the need for structured curricular integration of digital competency development in teacher education through comprehensive, spiral-curriculum approaches rather than isolated interventions. However, this study's reliance on self-reported data may introduce social desirability and subjective estimation bias, and its cross-sectional design limits causal interpretations. Future research should employ longitudinal approaches to examine competency development over time, incorporate objective performance-based assessments, and explore how instructional design and curricular integration influence digital competency acquisition.}, language = {en} } @article{StockerAlshawishBoretal.2022, author = {Stocker, Armin and Alshawish, Ali and Bor, Martin and Vidler, John and Gouglidis, Antonios and Scott, Andrew and Marnerides, Angelos and De Meer, Hermann and Hutchison, David}, title = {An ICT architecture for enabling ancillary services in Distributed Renewable Energy Sources based on the SGAM framework}, series = {Energy Informatics (2520-8942)}, volume = {2022}, journal = {Energy Informatics (2520-8942)}, number = {5}, publisher = {Springer International Publishing}, address = {Berlin}, issn = {2520-8942}, doi = {10.1186/s42162-022-00189-5}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:101:1-2022071721175548518669}, pages = {28 Seiten}, year = {2022}, abstract = {Smart Grids are electrical grids that require a decentralised way of controlling electric power conditioning and thereby control the production and distribution of energy. Yet, the integration of Distributed Renewable Energy Sources (DRESs) in the Smart Grid introduces new challenges with regards to electrical grid balancing and storing of electrical energy, as well as additional monetary costs. Furthermore, the future smart grid also has to take over the provision of Ancillary Services (ASs). In this paper, a distributed ICT infrastructure to solve such challenges, specifically related to ASs in future Smart Grids, is described. The proposed infrastructure is developed on the basis of the Smart Grid Architecture Model (SGAM) framework, which is defined by the European Commission in Smart Grid Mandate M/490. A testbed that provides a flexible, secure, and low-cost version of this architecture, illustrating the separation of systems and responsibilities, and supporting both emulated DRESs and real hardware has been developed. The resulting system supports the integration of a variety of DRESs with a secure two-way communication channel between the monitoring and controlling components. It assists in the analysis of various inter-operabilities and in the verification of eventual system designs. To validate the system design, the mapping of the proposed architecture to the testbed is presented. Further work will help improve the architecture in two directions; first, by investigating specific-purpose use cases, instantiated using this more generic framework; and second, by investigating the effects a realistic number and variety of connected devices within different grid configurations has on the testbed infrastructure.}, language = {en} } @article{Hofstadler2025, author = {Hofstadler, Julian}, title = {Optimal convergence rates of MCMC integration for functions with unbounded second moment}, series = {Journal of Applied Probability}, volume = {62 (2025)}, journal = {Journal of Applied Probability}, number = {3}, publisher = {Cambridge University Press}, address = {Cambridge}, doi = {10.1017/jpr.2024.108}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:739-opus4-19310}, pages = {1069 -- 1075}, year = {2025}, abstract = {We study the Markov chain Monte Carlo estimator for numerical integration for func- tions that do not need to be square integrable with respect to the invariant distribution. For chains with a spectral gap we show that the absolute mean error for L^p functions, with p ∈ (1, 2), decreases like n^(1/p)-1 , which is known to be the optimal rate. This improves currently known results where an additional parameter δ > 0 appears and the convergence is of order n^((1+δ)/p)-1 .}, language = {en} } @article{ChenMuellerYokoyama2024, author = {Chen, Yijia and M{\"u}ller, Moritz and Yokoyama, Keita}, title = {A parameterized halting problem, Δ0 truth and the MRDP theorem}, series = {The Journal of Symbolic Logic (ISSN 1943-5886)}, volume = {90 (2025)}, journal = {The Journal of Symbolic Logic (ISSN 1943-5886)}, number = {2}, publisher = {Cambridge University Press}, address = {Cambridge}, issn = {1943-5886}, doi = {10.1017/jsl.2024.44}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:739-opus4-19308}, pages = {483 -- 508}, year = {2024}, abstract = {We study the parameterized complexity of the problem to decide whether a given natural number n satisfies a given Δ0-formula ϕ(x); the parameter is the size of ϕ. This parameterization focusses attention on instances where n is large compared to the size of ϕ.We show unconditionally that this problem does not belong to the parameterized analogue of AC0. From this we derive that certain natural upper bounds on the complexity of our parameterized problem imply certain separations of classical complexity classes. This connection is obtained via an analysis of a parameterized halting problem. Some of these upper bounds follow assuming that IΔ0 proves the MRDP theorem in a certain weak sense.}, language = {en} } @article{GishbolinerGlockSgueglia2025, author = {Gishboliner, Lior and Glock, Stefan and Sgueglia, Amedeo}, title = {Tight Hamilton cycles with high discrepancy}, series = {Combinatorics, Probability and Computing (1469-2163)}, volume = {34 (2025)}, journal = {Combinatorics, Probability and Computing (1469-2163)}, number = {4}, publisher = {Cambridge University Press}, address = {Cambridge}, issn = {1469-2163}, doi = {10.1017/S0963548325000057}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:739-opus4-19166}, pages = {565 -- 584}, year = {2025}, abstract = {In this paper, we study discrepancy questions for spanning subgraphs of k-uniform hypergraphs. Our main result is that, for any integers k ≥ 3 and r ≥ 2, any r-colouring of the edges of a k-uniform n-vertex hypergraph G with minimum (k-1)-degree δ(G) ≥ (1/2+o(1))n contains a tight Hamilton cycle with high discrepancy, that is, with at least n/r +� (n) edges of one colour. The minimum degree condition is asymptotically best possible and our theorem also implies a corresponding result for perfect matchings. Our tools combine various structural techniques such as Tur{\´a}n-type problems and hypergraph shadows with probabilistic techniques such as random walks and the nibble method. We also propose several intriguing problems for future research.}, language = {en} } @article{RehbeinEscobariFischeretal.2025, author = {Rehbein, Malte and Escobari, Belen and Fischer, Sarah and G{\"u}ntsch, Anton and Haas, Bettina and Matheisen, Giada and Perschl, Tobias and Wieshuber, Alois and Engel, Thore}, title = {Quantitative and qualitative data on historical vertebrate distributions in Bavaria 1845}, series = {scientific data}, volume = {2025}, journal = {scientific data}, publisher = {Springer Nature}, address = {Berlin}, doi = {10.1038/s41597-025-04846-8}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:101:1-2506092137360.319993244702}, pages = {13 Seiten}, year = {2025}, abstract = {Archival collections contain an underutilized wealth of biodiversity data, encapsulated in government files and other historical documents. In 1845, the Bavarian government conducted a comprehensive national survey on the occurrence of 44 selected vertebrate species across the country. The detailed expert responses from 119 forestry offices, totalling 520 handwritten pages, have been preserved in the Bavarian State Archives. In this study, we digitized, annotated, geographically referenced, and published these historical records, making them widely available as data for research and conservation planning. Our dataset, openly accessible through the Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF) and Zenodo, contains 5,467 species occurrence records from 1845. Besides the binary presence/absence data, we have also published the original textual survey responses, which contain rich qualitative information, such as species abundances, population trends, habitats, forest management practices, and human-nature relationships. This information can be further processed and interpreted to address a range of questions in historical and contemporary ecology.}, language = {en} } @article{Huebenthal2024, author = {Huebenthal, Sandra}, title = {Ged{\"a}chtnis trifft Einleitung : ein neuer Blick auf alte Fragen}, series = {New Testament Studies}, volume = {70 (2024)}, journal = {New Testament Studies}, number = {2}, publisher = {Cambridge University Press}, address = {Cambridge}, doi = {10.1017/S002868852300036X}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:739-opus4-19277}, pages = {131 -- 148}, year = {2024}, abstract = {Ausgehend von der kulturwissenschaftlichen Forschung zu Familienalben und deren Gemeinsamkeiten mit dem Neuen Testament l{\"a}dt dieser Beitrag dazu ein, dar{\"u}ber nachzudenken, was sich ver{\"a}ndert, wenn wir die Fragen der Einf{\"u}hrung in das Neue Testament durch die Brille der Theorie des sozialen Ged{\"a}chtnisses betrachten. Aufbauend auf Forschungsergebnissen der Oral History und kulturwissenschaftlichen Ged{\"a}chtnistheorie wird argumentiert, dass die allgemeine Einleitung in den Bereich des kulturellen Ged{\"a}chtnisses und die spezielle Einleitung in den Bereich des sozialen/kollektiven Ged{\"a}chtnisses f{\"a}llt. Beide sind durch den Floating Gap getrennt, was die vielfach wahrgenommenen Ver{\"a}nderungen in der ersten H{\"a}lfte des zweiten Jahrhunderts erkl{\"a}rt. Im n{\"a}chsten Schritt wird ein Modell, das auf dem Dreigenerationenged{\"a}chtnis, der Generational Gap (nach einer Generation), der Floating Gap (nach 3-4 Generationen) und den ersten Generationen von Jesus-Anh{\"a}ngern aufbaut, mit Vorschl{\"a}gen zur Datierung neutestamentlicher B{\"u}cher aus der Einleitungswissenschaft ins Gespr{\"a}ch gebracht. Es zeigt sich, dass die vor und nach dem Generational Gap verwendeten Genres je unterschiedliche Eigenschaften haben, die den Erwartungen an Medien des sozialen und kollektiven Ged{\"a}chtnisses entsprechen. Der Beitrag schließt mit allgemeinen Fragen zu Medien und Medienwandel im Neuen Testament, d.h. M{\"u}ndlichkeit und Schriftlichkeit, identische Texte und Textkritik, dem Kanon als prim{\"a}rem Kontext, der Ausweitung des Geltungsbereichs sowie fluiden Gattungen, und kommt zu dem Schluss, dass kulturwissenschaftliche Ged{\"a}chtnistheorie in der Tat neue Perspektiven f{\"u}r die Einleitungswissenschaft bietet.}, language = {de} } @article{ŁatuszyńskiRudolf2024, author = {Łatuszyński, Krzysztof and Rudolf, Daniel}, title = {Convergence of hybrid slice sampling via spectral gap}, series = {Advances in Applied Probability}, volume = {56 (2024)}, journal = {Advances in Applied Probability}, number = {4}, publisher = {Cambridge University Press}, address = {Cambridge}, issn = {1475-6064}, doi = {10.1017/apr.2024.16}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:739-opus4-19264}, pages = {1440 -- 1466}, year = {2024}, abstract = {It is known that the simple slice sampler has robust convergence properties; however, the class of problems where it can be implemented is limited. In contrast, we consider hybrid slice samplers which are easily implementable and where another Markov chain approximately samples the uniform distribution on each slice. Under appropriate assumptions on the Markov chain on the slice, we give a lower bound and an upper bound of the spectral gap of the hybrid slice sampler in terms of the spectral gap of the simple slice sampler. An immediate consequence of this is that the spectral gap and geometric ergodicity of the hybrid slice sampler can be concluded from the spectral gap and geometric ergodicity of the simple version, which is very well understood. These results indicate that robustness properties of the simple slice sampler are inherited by (appropriately designed) easily implementable hybrid versions. We apply the developed theory and analyze a number of specific algorithms, such as the stepping-out shrinkage slice sampling, hit-and-run slice sampling on a class of multivariate targets, and an easily implementable combination of both procedures on multidimensional bimodal densities.}, language = {en} } @article{BouriSokhanvarKinatederetal.2024, author = {Bouri, Elie and Sokhanvar, Amin and Kinateder, Harald and {\c{C}}ift{\c{c}}ioğlu, Serhan}, title = {Tech titans and crypto giants : mutual returns predictability and trading strategy implications}, series = {Journal of International Financial Markets, Institutions and Money}, volume = {2025}, journal = {Journal of International Financial Markets, Institutions and Money}, number = {99}, publisher = {Elsevier}, address = {Amsterdam}, issn = {1873-0612}, doi = {10.1016/j.intfin.2024.102109}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:739-opus4-19259}, pages = {30 Seiten}, year = {2024}, abstract = {This study examines the directional return predictability between the technology sector of U.S. stock market and three major cryptocurrencies (Bitcoin, Ethereum, and Dogecoin). Using daily data from August 7, 2015, to February 8, 2024, and the cross-quantilogram approach in both static and dynamic settings, the results reveal significant positive predictability in the stock market-cryptocurrency nexus. The technology sector, semiconductors subsector, and Nvidia Corporation exert predictive power over cryptocurrency returns and vice versa across several quantiles and lags. When controlling for the impact of other financial variables, namely, U.S. dollar and U.S. treasury markets, the return predictability holds, especially for the two largest cryptocurrencies, Bitcoin and Ethereum, which reflects their importance and tighter connections with the U.S. technology sector. A trading strategy based on the results of the cross-quantilograms outperforms a benchmark strategy (i.e., always long position in either stocks or cryptocurrency), which underlines the practical implications of our main findings, particularly in terms of the significant return interactions between U.S. technology/semiconductors stocks and large cryptocurrencies.}, language = {en} } @article{DrescherJanzen2024, author = {Drescher, Katharina and Janzen, Benedikt}, title = {When weather wounds workers : the impact of temperature on workplace accidents}, series = {Journal of Public Economics}, volume = {2025}, journal = {Journal of Public Economics}, number = {241}, publisher = {Elsevier}, address = {Amsterdam}, doi = {10.1016/j.jpubeco.2024.105258}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:739-opus4-19241}, pages = {17 Seiten}, year = {2024}, abstract = {We study the effects of temperature on occupational health using administrative data on Swiss occupational accidents from 1996 to 2019. Our results imply that on hot days (T𝑚𝑎𝑥 ≥ 30 ◦C) the number of occupational accidents increases by 7.4\% and on ice days (T𝑚𝑎𝑥 < 0 ◦C) by 6.3\%, relative to mild days. We find that extreme temperatures cause an average of 2600 workplace accidents each year, costing CHF 91 million annually. We provide suggestive evidence for insufficient sleep on hot days as a mechanism. While extreme temperatures worsen occupational health, we observe limited labor supply adaption for most workers.}, language = {en} } @article{LechldeMeerFuermann2024, author = {Lechl, Michael and de Meer, Hermann and F{\"u}rmann, Tim}, title = {A stochastic flexibility calculus for uncertainty-aware energy flexibility management}, series = {Applied Energy}, volume = {2025}, journal = {Applied Energy}, number = {379}, doi = {10.1016/j.apenergy.2024.124907}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:739-opus4-19233}, pages = {16 Seiten}, year = {2024}, abstract = {The increasing share of volatile renewables in power systems requires more reserves to balance forecast errors in renewable generation and power fluctuations. In contrast, common reserves such as gas-fired power plants are phased out, impeding the procurement of sufficient reserves. Alternative reserves, particularly on the demand side, such as battery storage systems, also exhibit some degree of freedom to deviate from their scheduled operating point to supply or consume more or less power, thus providing a flexibility potential. However, demand-side flexibility potentials are generally subject to uncertainties, and so is the generation of volatile renewables. The challenge is incorporating the uncertainties on both sides to procure sufficient (uncertain) flexibility potential in advance. Considering uncertainty is important to avoid additional, drastic measures in real-time to balance generation and demand, such as curtailing renewable generation or load shedding. This work presents a stochastic flexibility calculus that provides an indicator for computing the risk of insufficient flexibility potentials or, conversely, guarantees for sufficient flexibility potentials. Thus, the stochastic flexibility calculus contributes to overcoming the challenge of procuring sufficient flexibility potentials in renewable-based systems. An evaluation based on real data is performed using an example of a renewable energy community consisting of households equipped with photovoltaic power plants and battery storage systems. The newly introduced stochastic flexibility calculus computes the number of households that must operate their battery storage systems flexibly to balance forecast errors locally. The results show that the forecast method significantly influences this number. Some numerical results appear unexpected, as too many flexibility-friendly households can negatively impact the aggregated household flexibility potential.}, language = {en} } @article{FinkForsterHeinleinHeinrich2024, author = {Fink, Thomas and Forster-Heinlein, Brigitte and Heinrich, Florian}, title = {Rebricking frames and bases}, series = {Journal of Mathematical Analysis and Applications}, volume = {2025}, journal = {Journal of Mathematical Analysis and Applications}, publisher = {Elsevier}, address = {Amsterdam}, issn = {1096-0813}, doi = {10.1016/j.jmaa.2024.129051}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:739-opus4-19227}, pages = {35 Seiten}, year = {2024}, abstract = {In 1949, Denis Gabor introduced the "complex signal" (nowadays called "analytic signal") by combining a real function fwith its Hilbert transform Hfto a complex function f+iHf. His aim was to extract phase information, an idea that has inspired techniques as the monogenic signal and the complex dual tree wavelet transform. In this manuscript, we consider two questions: When do two real-valued bases or frames {fn:n∈N} and {gn:n∈N} form a complex basis or frame of the form {fn+ign:n∈N}? And for which bounded linear operators Adoes {fn+iAfn:n∈N} form a complex-valued orthonormal basis, Riesz basis or frame, when {fn:n ∈N} is a real-valued orthonormal basis, Riesz basis or frame? We call this approach rebricking. It is well-known that the analytic signals don't span the complex vector space L2(R; C), hence H is not a rebricking operator. We give a full characterization of rebricking operators for bases, in particular orthonormal and Riesz bases, Parseval frames, and frames in general. We also examine the special case of finite dimensional vector spaces and show that we can use any real, invertible matrix for rebricking if we allow for permutations in the imaginary part.}, language = {en} } @article{KehleUrhahne2024, author = {Kehle, Laura and Urhahne, Detlef}, title = {Testing the CONIC model: The interplay of conscientiousness and interest in predicting academic effort}, series = {Learning and Instruction}, volume = {2025}, journal = {Learning and Instruction}, number = {95}, publisher = {Elsevier}, address = {Amsterdam}, issn = {1873-3263}, doi = {10.1016/j.learninstruc.2024.102050}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:739-opus4-19214}, pages = {13 Seiten}, year = {2024}, abstract = {Background This report comprises two studies that more closely examined the Conscientiousness × Interest Compensation (CONIC) model by Trautwein, Nagengast, Roberts, and L{\"u}dtke (2019) under laboratory conditions. The model specifies individual and compensatory effects of conscientiousness and individual interest on academic effort. Aims This research piece examines the assumed relationships between the three core variables of the CONIC model. Samples The first study was conducted with 152 university students and the second study included 120 university students randomly distributed across two experimental conditions and one control condition. Methods In an initial modeling study, we investigated the model assumptions in two different learning contexts and tested them using structural equation modeling (SEM). In a subsequent experimental study, we manipulated the predictor variables of academic effort to either promote conscientious or interest-based learning. The group differences were examined using multigroup SEM. Results In the modeling study, interest was always and conscientiousness at least partially a positive and significant predictor of academic effort. A compensatory effect of interest and conscientiousness could not be found. In the experimental study, promoting conscientious learning resulted in interest showing up as a stronger predictor of academic effort. However, promoting interest-based learning crystallized conscientiousness as the stronger predictor of academic effort. Moreover, the compensatory effect of the two personality traits was significantly stronger in the groups where conscientiousness or interest-based learning was promoted than in the control group. Conclusions Results provide support for the CONIC model and particularly highlight the compensatory effects of conscientiousness and interest at the model's heart.}, language = {en} } @article{GoerigkKurtz2024, author = {Goerigk, Marc and Kurtz, Jannis}, title = {Data-driven prediction of relevant scenarios for robust combinatorial optimization}, series = {Computers \& Operations Research}, volume = {2025}, journal = {Computers \& Operations Research}, number = {174}, publisher = {Elsevier}, address = {Amsterdam}, issn = {1873-765X}, doi = {10.1016/j.cor.2024.106886}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:739-opus4-19207}, pages = {14 Seiten}, year = {2024}, abstract = {We study iterative constraint and variable generation methods for (two-stage) robust combinatorial optimization problems with discrete uncertainty. The goal of this work is to find a set of starting scenarios that provides strong lower bounds early in the process. To this end we define the Relevant Scenario Recognition Problem (RSRP) which finds the optimal choice of scenarios which maximizes the corresponding objective value. We show for classical and two-stage robust optimization that this problem can be solved in polynomial time if the number of selected scenarios is constant and NP-hard if it is part of the input. Furthermore, we derive a linear mixed-integer programming formulation for the problem in both cases. Since solving the RSRP is not possible in reasonable time, we propose a machine-learning-based heuristic to determine a good set of starting scenarios. To this end, we design a set of dimension-independent features, and train a Random Forest Classifier on already solved small-dimensional instances of the problem. Our experiments show that our method is able to improve the solution process even for larger instances than contained in the training set, and that predicting even a small number of good starting scenarios can considerably reduce the optimality gap. Additionally, our method provides a feature importance score which can give new insights into the role of scenario properties in robust optimization.}, language = {en} } @article{BaumannPfretzschnerRutter2024, author = {Baumann, Jakob and Pfretzschner, Matthias and Rutter, Ignaz}, title = {Parameterized complexity of vertex splitting to pathwidth at most 1}, series = {Theoretical Computer Science}, volume = {2024}, journal = {Theoretical Computer Science}, number = {1021}, publisher = {Elsevier}, address = {Amsterdam}, issn = {1879-2294}, doi = {10.1016/j.tcs.2024.114928}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:739-opus4-19195}, pages = {15 Seiten}, year = {2024}, abstract = {Motivated by the planarization of 2-layered straight-line drawings, we consider the problem of modifying a graph such that the resulting graph has pathwidth at most 1. The problem Pathwidth-One Vertex Explosion (POVE) asks whether such a graph can be obtained using at most 𝑘 vertex explosions, where a vertex explosion replaces a vertex 𝑣 by deg(𝑣) degree-1 vertices, each incident to exactly one edge that was originally incident to 𝑣. For POVE, we give an FPT algorithm with running time 𝑂(4𝑘 ⋅ 𝑚) and an 𝑂(𝑘2) kernel, thereby improving over the 𝑂(𝑘6) kernel by Ahmed et al. [2] in a more general setting. Similarly, a vertex split replaces a vertex 𝑣 by two distinct vertices 𝑣1 and 𝑣2 and distributes the edges originally incident to 𝑣 arbitrarily to 𝑣1 and 𝑣2. Analogously to POVE, we define the problem variant Pathwidth-One Vertex Splitting (POVS) that uses the split operation instead of vertex explosions. Here we obtain a linear kernel and an algorithm with running time 𝑂((6𝑘 + 12)𝑘 ⋅ 𝑚). This answers an open question by Ahmed et al. [2]. Finally, we consider the problem Π-VertexSplitting (Π-VS), which generalizes the problem POVS and asks whether a given graph can be turned into a graph of a specific graph class Π using at most 𝑘 vertex splits. For graph classes Π that can be dfined in monadic second-order graph logic (MSO2), we show that the problem Π-VS can be expressed as an MSO2 formula, resulting in an FPT algorithm for Π-VS parameterized by 𝑘 if Π additionally has bounded treewidth. We obtain the same result for the problem variant using vertex explosions. [2] R. Ahmed, S.G. Kobourov, M. Kryven, An FPT algorithm for bipartite vertex splitting, in: P. Angelini, R. von Hanxleden (Eds.), Graph Drawing and Network Visualization -30th International Symposium, GD 2022, in: Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol.13764, Springer, 2022, pp.261--268.}, language = {en} } @article{KreuzerMiasnikovWalsh2024, author = {Kreuzer, Martin and Miasnikov, Alexei and Walsh, Florian}, title = {Decomposing finite Z-algebras}, series = {Journal of Algebra}, volume = {2025}, journal = {Journal of Algebra}, number = {664 B}, publisher = {Elsevier}, address = {Amsterdam}, issn = {1090-266X}, doi = {10.1016/j.jalgebra.2024.10.027}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:739-opus4-19184}, pages = {206 -- 246}, year = {2024}, abstract = {For a finite Z-algebra R, i.e., for a ring which is not necessarily associative or unitary, but whose additive group is finitely generated, we construct a decomposition of R/Ann(R) into directly indecomposable factors under weak hypotheses. The method is based on constructing and decomposing a ring of scalarsS, and then lifting the decomposition ofSto the bilinear map given by the multiplication of R, and finally to R/Ann(R). All steps of the construction are given as explicit algorithms and it is shown that the entire procedure has a probabilistic polynomial time complexity in the bit size of the input, except for the possible need to calculate the prime factorization of an integer. In particular, in the case when Ann(R)=0, these algorithms compute direct decompositions of R into directly indecomposable factors.}, language = {en} } @article{StoffelsFaltermaierStrunketal.2024, author = {Stoffels, Dominik and Faltermaier, Stefan and Strunk, Kim Simon and Fiedler, Marina}, title = {Guiding computationally intensive theory development with explainable artificial intelligence: The case of shapley additive explanations}, series = {Journal of Information Technology (ISSN: 1466-4437)}, volume = {40}, journal = {Journal of Information Technology (ISSN: 1466-4437)}, number = {2}, publisher = {SAGE Publications}, address = {London, England}, issn = {0268-3962}, doi = {10.1177/02683962241289597}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:739-opus4-16762}, pages = {180 -- 213}, year = {2024}, abstract = {This study advances the field of Computationally Intensive Theory Development (CTD) by examining the capabilities of Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI), in particular SHapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP), for theory development, while providing guidelines for this process. We evaluate SHAP's methodological abilities and develop a structured approach for using SHAP to harness insights from black-box predictive models. For this purpose, we leverage a dual-methodological approach. First, to assess SHAP's capabilities in uncovering patterns that shape a phenomenon, we conduct a Monte-Carlo simulation study. Second, to illustrate and guide the theory development process with SHAP for CTD, we apply SHAP in a use-case using real-world data. Based on these analyses, we propose a stepwise uniform and replicable approach giving guidance that can benefit rigorous theory development and increase the traceability of the theorizing process. With our structured approach, we contribute to the use of XAI approaches in research and, by uncovering patterns in black-box prediction models, add to the ongoing search for next-generation theorizing methods in the field of Information Systems (IS).}, subject = {-}, language = {en} } @article{RyzhovaToepfl2024, author = {Ryzhova, Anna and Toepfl, Florian}, title = {The Consequences of Evidence- Versus Non-Evidence-Based Understandings of the "Truth": How Russian Speakers in Germany Negotiate Trust in Their Transnational News Environments}, series = {The International Journal of Press/Politics (ISSN: 1940-1620)}, volume = {30}, journal = {The International Journal of Press/Politics (ISSN: 1940-1620)}, number = {1}, publisher = {SAGE Publications}, address = {Los Angeles, CA}, issn = {1940-1612}, doi = {10.1177/19401612241257872}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:739-opus4-16795}, pages = {326 -- 345}, year = {2024}, abstract = {Extant research on migrants' media use and trust has delivered mixed evidence on whether, and in which ways, migrants stay loyal to their homeland news media and/or develop trust in host-society media, particularly when the narratives of the two types of media clash. To advance this strand of research, this study scrutinizes how an audience group with migration background, who lived the first part of their lives under authoritarian rule but then relocated to a democracy, negotiates trust in their multilingual, transnational news environments. Specifically, we conducted semi-structured interviews with forty-two Russian-speaking first-generation migrants living in Germany in 2021. As we find, distinct understandings of the concept of "truth" played a pivotal role in how our participants negotiated trust in their transnational news environments. We distinguish broadly two understandings of "truth": (1) "truth" as a category grounded in factual evidence and (2) "truth" as a non-evidence based category grounded in values, emotions, or identities. Illustrative for the second understanding, some participants felt a strong moral obligation to believe Kremlin-sponsored media as they perceived these organizations as representing their homeland, independently of whether their news coverage was factually accurate or not. The two understandings of "truth" also affected how and where participants sought for what they considered the "truth." In the "Discussion" section, we argue that particularly the non-evidence-based truth-understandings formulated by our participants, and the ensuing truth-seeking strategies are conducive to the reach and persuasive impact of Kremlin-sponsored content among Russian speakers living abroad.}, subject = {-}, language = {en} } @article{BeselerToepfl2024, author = {Beseler, Arista and Toepfl, Florian}, title = {Conduits of the Kremlin's Informational Influence Abroad? How German-Language Alternative Media Outlets Are Connected to Russia's Ruling Elites}, series = {The International Journal of Press/Politics (ISSN: 1940-1620)}, volume = {30}, journal = {The International Journal of Press/Politics (ISSN: 1940-1620)}, number = {3}, publisher = {SAGE Publications}, address = {Los Angeles, CA}, issn = {1940-1612}, doi = {10.1177/19401612241230284}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:739-opus4-16755}, pages = {659 -- 678}, year = {2024}, abstract = {Extant research on alternative media in Western democracies has focused on scrutinizing their content, organization, production, and audiences. However, the extent to which alternative outlets are linked to powerful foreign actors has not yet been analyzed, despite the fact that a plethora of outlets have openly sided with Russia after its full-scale invasion of Ukraine in February 2022, spreading the Kremlin's propagandistic narratives. To fill this gap, this study adopts a case study approach. It selects Germany as a revelatory case of a key target country of Russia's foreign influence efforts, raising the question of how and to what extent German-language alternative media outlets are connected to Russia's ruling elites. Grounded in qualitative analysis of a wide range of documents, this study proposes a categorization that divides the connections into three different types: organizational, media, and personal connections. Subsequently, it is demonstrated that half of the analyzed German-language alternative media outlets maintain at least one of these three types of connections to the Kremlin. These findings contribute to our knowledge of alternative media, as well as Russia's overt and covert foreign influence operations, the so-called "active measures." They also highlight the need for more transparency in alternative media landscapes in democratic contexts across the globe.}, subject = {-}, language = {en} } @article{GlockMunhaCorreiaSudakov2024, author = {Glock, Stefan and Munh{\´a} Correia, David and Sudakov, Benny}, title = {Hamilton cycles in pseudorandom graphs}, series = {Advances in Mathematics}, volume = {2024}, journal = {Advances in Mathematics}, number = {458 B}, publisher = {Elsevier}, address = {Amsterdam}, doi = {10.1016/j.aim.2024.109984}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:739-opus4-19151}, pages = {45 Seiten}, year = {2024}, abstract = {Finding general conditions which ensure that a graph is Hamiltonian is a central topic in graph theory. An old and well-known conjecture in the area states that any d-regular n-vertex graph G whose second largest eigenvalue in absolute value λ(G) is at most d/C, for some universal constant C > 0, has a Hamilton cycle. In this paper, we obtain two main results which make substantial progress towards this problem. Firstly, we settle this conjecture in full when the degree d is at least a small power of n. Secondly, in the general case we show that λ(G) ≤ d/C(log n)1/3 implies the existence of a Hamilton cycle, improving the 20-year old bound of d/ log1-o(1) n of Krivelevich and Sudakov. We use in a novel way a variety of methods, such as a robust P{\´o}sa rotation-extension technique, the Friedman-Pippenger tree embedding with rollbacks and the absorbing method, combined with additional tools and ideas. Our results have several interesting applications. In particular, they imply the currently best-known bounds on the number of generators which guarantee the Hamiltonicity of random Cayley graphs, which is an important partial case of the well known Hamiltonicity conjecture of Lov{\´a}sz. They can also be used to improve a result of Alon and Bourgain on additive patterns in multiplicative subgroups.}, language = {en} } @article{EpperleinWirth2024, author = {Epperlein, Jeremias and Wirth, Fabian}, title = {The joint spectral radius is pointwise H{\"o}lder continuous}, series = {Linear Algebra and its Applications}, volume = {2025}, journal = {Linear Algebra and its Applications}, number = {704}, publisher = {Elsevier}, address = {Amsterdam}, issn = {1873-1856}, doi = {10.1016/j.laa.2024.09.016}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:739-opus4-19140}, pages = {92 -- 122}, year = {2024}, abstract = {We show that the joint spectral radius is pointwise H{\"o}lder continuous. In addition, the joint spectral radius is locally H{\"o}lder continuous for ε-inflations. In the two-dimensional case, local H{\"o}lder continuity holds on the matrix sets with positive joint spectral radius.}, language = {en} } @article{KreuzerLinhLong2024, author = {Kreuzer, Martin and Linh, Tran N. K. and Long, Le N.}, title = {Differential theory of zero-dimensional schemes}, series = {Journal of Pure and Applied Algebra}, volume = {229 (2025)}, journal = {Journal of Pure and Applied Algebra}, number = {1}, publisher = {Elsevier}, address = {Amsterdam}, issn = {1873-1376}, doi = {10.1016/j.jpaa.2024.107815}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:739-opus4-19130}, pages = {31 Seiten}, year = {2024}, abstract = {To study a 0-dimensional scheme |X in |P^n over a perfect field K, we use the module of K{\"a}hler differentials (Omega)(^1)(_{R/K}) of its homogeneous coordinate ring R and its exterior powers, the higher modules of K{\"a}hler differentials (Omega)(^m)(_{R/K}). One of our main results is a characterization of weakly curvilinear schemes |X by the Hilbert polynomials of the modules (Omega)(^m)(_{R/K}) which allows us to check this property algorithmically without computing the primary decomposition of the vanishing ideal of |X. Further main achievements are precise formulas for the Hilbert functions and Hilbert polynomials of the modules (Omega)(^m)(_{R/K}) for a fat point scheme |X which extend and settle previous partial results and conjectures. Underlying these results is a novel method: we first embed the homogeneous coordinate ring R into its truncated integral closure ~R. Then we use the corresponding map from the module of K{\"a}hler differentials (Omega)(^1)(_{R/K}) to (Omega)(^1)(_{~R/K}) to find a formula for the Hilbert polynomial HP((Omega)(^1)(_{R/K})) and a sharp bound for the regularity index ri((Omega)(^1)(_{R/K})). Next we extend this to formulas for the Hilbert polynomials HP((Omega)(^m)(_{R/K})) and bounds for the regularity indices of the higher modules of K{\"a}hler differentials. As a further application, we characterize uniformity conditions on |X using the Hilbert functions of the K{\"a}hler differential modules of |X and its subschemes.}, language = {en} } @article{DaschnerObermaier2022, author = {Daschner, Stefan and Obermaier, Robert}, title = {Algorithm aversion? On the influence of advice accuracy on trust in algorithmic advice}, series = {Journal of Decision Systems}, volume = {31 (2022)}, journal = {Journal of Decision Systems}, number = {S1}, publisher = {Taylor \& Francis}, address = {London}, doi = {10.1080/12460125.2022.2070951}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:739-opus4-19120}, pages = {77 -- 97}, year = {2022}, abstract = {There is empirical evidence that decision makers show negative behaviours towards algorithmic advice compared to human advice, termed as algorithm aversion. Taking a trust theoretical perspective, this study broadens the quite monolithic view on behaviour to its cognitive antecedent: cognitive trust, i.e. trusting beliefs and trusting intentions. We examine initial trust (cognitive trust and behaviour) as well as its development after performance feedback by conducting an online experiment that asked participants to forecast the expected demand for a product. Advice accuracy was manipulated by ± 5 \% relative to the participant's initial forecasting accuracy determined in a pre-test. Results show that initial behaviour towards algorithmic advice is not influenced by cognitive trust. Furthermore, the decision maker's initial forecasting accuracy indicates a threshold between near-perfect and bad advice. When advice accuracy is at this threshold, we observe behavioural algorithm appreciation, particularly due to higher trusting integrity beliefs in algorithmic advice.}, language = {en} } @article{ToepflKravetsRyzhovaetal.2022, author = {T{\"o}pfl, Florian and Kravets, Daria and Ryzhova, Anna and Beseler, Arista}, title = {Who are the plotters behind the pandemic?}, series = {Information, Communication \& Society}, volume = {26 (2023)}, journal = {Information, Communication \& Society}, number = {10}, publisher = {Taylor \& Francis}, address = {London}, doi = {10.1080/1369118X.2022.2065213}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:739-opus4-19119}, pages = {2033 -- 2051}, year = {2022}, abstract = {This article advances extant research that has audited search algorithms for misinformation in four respects. Firstly, this is the first misinformation audit not to implement a national but a cross-national research design. Secondly, it retrieves results not in response to the most popular query terms. Instead, it theorizes two semantic dimensions of search terms and illustrates how they impact the number of misinformative results returned. Furthermore, the analysis not only captures the mere presence of misinformative content but in addition whether the source websites are affiliated with a key misinformation actor (Russia's ruling elites) and whom the conspiracy narratives cast as the malicious plotters. Empirically, the audit compares Covid-19 conspiracy theories in Google search results across 5 key target countries of Russia's foreign communication (Belarus, Estonia, Germany, Ukraine, and the US) and Russia as of November 2020 (N = 5280 search results). It finds that, across all countries, primarily content published by mass media organizations rendered conspiracy theories visible in search results. Conspiratorial content published on websites affiliated with Russia's ruling elites was retrieved in the Belarusian, German and Russian contexts. Across all countries, the majority of conspiracy narratives suspected plotters from China. Malicious actors from the US were insinuated exclusively by sources affiliated with Russia's elites. Overall, conspiracy narratives did not primarily deepen divides within but between national communities, since - across all countries - only plotters from beyond the national borders were blamed. To conclude, the article discusses methodological advice and promising paths of research for future cross-national search engine audits.}, language = {en} } @article{FekihHassenSchoppikSchieggetal.2024, author = {Fekih Hassen, Wiem and Schoppik, Luis and Schiegg, Sascha and Gerl, Armin}, title = {Power management approach of hybrid energy storage system for electric vehicle charging stations}, series = {Smart Cities}, volume = {7 (2024)}, journal = {Smart Cities}, number = {6}, publisher = {MDPI}, address = {Basel}, issn = {2624-6511}, doi = {10.3390/smartcities7060156}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:m347-opus-6045}, pages = {4025 -- 4051}, year = {2024}, abstract = {The applicability of Hybrid Energy Storage Systems (HESSs) has been shown in multiple application fields, such as Charging Stations (CSs), grid services, and microgrids. HESSs consist of an integration of two or more single Energy Storage Systems (ESSs) to combine the benefits of each ESS and improve the overall system performance. In this work, we propose a novel power management controller called the Hybrid Controller for the efficient HESS's charging and discharging, considering the State of Charge (SoC) of the HESS and the dynamic supply and load. The Hybrid Controller optimises the use of the HESS, i.e., minimises the amount of energy drawn from and discharged to the grid, thus utilising and prioritising the provided Photovoltaic (PV) power. The performance of our proposal was assessed via simulation using various evaluation metrics, i.e., Autarky, charge/discharge cycle, and Self-Consumption (SC), where we defined 24 scenarios in different locations in Germany.}, language = {en} } @article{ZubaerGranitzerMitrović2023, author = {Zubaer, Abdullah Al and Granitzer, Michael and Mitrović, Jelena}, title = {Performance analysis of large language models in the domain of legal argument mining}, series = {Frontiers in Artificial Intelligence}, volume = {2023}, journal = {Frontiers in Artificial Intelligence}, number = {6}, publisher = {Frontiers}, address = {Lausanne}, issn = {2624-8212}, doi = {10.3389/frai.2023.1278796}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:739-opus4-18326}, pages = {18 Seiten}, year = {2023}, abstract = {Generative pre-trained transformers (GPT) have recently demonstrated excellent performance in various natural language tasks. The development of ChatGPT and the recently released GPT-4 model has shown competence in solving complex and higher-order reasoning tasks without further training or fine-tuning. However, the applicability and strength of these models in classifying legal texts in the context of argument mining are yet to be realized and have not been tested thoroughly. In this study, we investigate the effectiveness of GPT-like models, specifically GPT-3.5 and GPT-4, for argument mining via prompting. We closely study the model's performance considering diverse prompt formulation and example selection in the prompt via semantic search using state-of-the-art embedding models from OpenAI and sentence transformers. We primarily concentrate on the argument component classification task on the legal corpus from the European Court of Human Rights. To address these models' inherent non-deterministic nature and make our result statistically sound, we conducted 5-fold cross-validation on the test set. Our experiments demonstrate, quite surprisingly, that relatively small domain-specific models outperform GPT 3.5 and GPT-4 in the F1-score for premise and conclusion classes, with 1.9\% and 12\% improvements, respectively. We hypothesize that the performance drop indirectly reflects the complexity of the structure in the dataset, which we verify through prompt and data analysis. Nevertheless, our results demonstrate a noteworthy variation in the performance of GPT models based on prompt formulation. We observe comparable performance between the two embedding models, with a slight improvement in the local model's ability for prompt selection. This suggests that local models are as semantically rich as the embeddings from the OpenAI model. Our results indicate that the structure of prompts significantly impacts the performance of GPT models and should be considered when designing them.}, language = {en} } @article{HacklMuellerGranitzeretal.2023, author = {Hackl, Veronika and M{\"u}ller, Alexandra Elena and Granitzer, Michael and Sailer, Maximilian}, title = {Is GPT-4 a reliable rater? Evaluating consistency in GPT-4's text ratings}, series = {Frontiers in Education}, volume = {2023}, journal = {Frontiers in Education}, number = {8}, publisher = {Frontiers}, address = {Lausanne}, issn = {2504-284X}, doi = {10.3389/feduc.2023.1272229}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:739-opus4-18348}, pages = {8 Seiten}, year = {2023}, abstract = {This study reports the Intraclass Correlation Coefficients of feedback ratings produced by OpenAI's GPT-4, a large language model (LLM), across various iterations, time frames, and stylistic variations. The model was used to rate responses to tasks related to macroeconomics in higher education (HE), based on their content and style. Statistical analysis was performed to determine the absolute agreement and consistency of ratings in all iterations, and the correlation between the ratings in terms of content and style. The findings revealed high interrater reliability, with ICC scores ranging from 0.94 to 0.99 for different time periods, indicating that GPT-4 is capable of producing consistent ratings. The prompt used in this study is also presented and explained.}, language = {en} } @article{Bach2024, author = {Bach, Maurizio}, title = {Effektiveres Pandemiemanagement durch sozialwissenschaftliche Politikberatung? Ein kritischer Kommentar zu J{\"o}rn Knoblochs Beitrag in Heft 4/2023}, series = {Berliner Journal f{\"u}r Soziologie (ISSN: 1862-2593)}, volume = {34}, journal = {Berliner Journal f{\"u}r Soziologie (ISSN: 1862-2593)}, number = {3}, publisher = {Springer Fachmedien}, address = {Wiesbaden}, issn = {0863-1808}, doi = {10.1007/s11609-024-00535-2}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:101:1-2412102126103.260519352471}, pages = {443 -- 460}, year = {2024}, abstract = {Der Kommentar setzt sich kritisch mit J{\"o}rn Knoblochs Analyse des Corona-Pandemiemanagements in Deutschland auseinander. Er hinterfragt die Behauptung Knoblochs, durch eine st{\"a}rkere Ber{\"u}cksichtigung von Sozialwissenschaftlern in den einschl{\"a}gigen Beratungsgremien h{\"a}tte eine effektivere Krisenbew{\"a}ltigung erreicht werden k{\"o}nnen. Der Beitrag fokussiert zum einen die strukturellen epistemischen Grenzen sowohl der biomedizinischen Wissenschaften als auch der empirischen Sozialforschung. Zum anderen beleuchtet er die Eigenlogik politischer Entscheidungsprozesse, die durch die Notwendigkeit der Unsicherheitsabsorption und Systemstabilisierung gepr{\"a}gt sind und gegen{\"u}ber externen Einfl{\"u}ssen als relativ immun erscheinen. Der Beitrag pl{\"a}diert f{\"u}r eine differenzierte Betrachtung der Schnittstelle zwischen wissenschaftlicher Beratung und politischer Praxis und mahnt eine kritische Reflexion der Rolle und der Grenzen der wissenschaftsgest{\"u}tzten Politikberatung an.}, subject = {-}, language = {de} } @article{AndraschkoDannerKreuzer2024, author = {Andraschko, Bernhard and Danner, Julian and Kreuzer, Martin}, title = {SAT Solving Using XOR-OR-AND Normal Forms}, series = {Mathematics in Computer Science (ISSN: 1661-8289)}, volume = {18}, journal = {Mathematics in Computer Science (ISSN: 1661-8289)}, number = {4}, publisher = {Springer International Publishing}, address = {Cham}, issn = {1661-8270}, doi = {10.1007/s11786-024-00594-x}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:101:1-2502242130589.859216082138}, pages = {26 Seiten}, year = {2024}, abstract = {This paper introduces the XOR-OR-AND normal form (XNF) for logical formulas. It is a generalization of the well-known Conjunctive Normal Form (CNF) where literals are replaced by XORs of literals. As a first theoretic result, we show that every CNF formula is equisatisfiable to a formula in 2-XNF, i.e., a formula in XNF where each clause involves at most two XORs of literals. Subsequently, we present an algorithm which converts Boolean polynomials efficiently from their Algebraic Normal Form (ANF) to formulas in 2-XNF. Experiments with the cipher ASCON-128 show that cryptographic problems, which by design are based strongly on XOR-operations, can be represented using far fewer variables and clauses in 2-XNF than in CNF. In order to take advantage of this compact representation, new SAT solvers based on input formulas in 2-XNF need to be designed. By taking inspiration from graph-based 2-CNF SAT solving, we devise a new DPLL-based SAT solver for formulas in 2-XNF. Among others, we present advanced pre- and in-processing techniques. Finally, we give timings for random 2-XNF instances and instances related to key recovery attacks on round reduced ASCON-128, where our solver outperforms state-of-the-art alternative solving approaches.}, subject = {-}, language = {en} } @article{Heinrich2024, author = {Heinrich, Horst-Alfred}, title = {Partizipationsvorstellungen von B{\"u}rger:innen: Eine explorative Anwendung der Draw\&Write-Technik als Survey-Instrument}, series = {Zeitschrift f{\"u}r Politikwissenschaft (ISSN: 2366-2638)}, volume = {34}, journal = {Zeitschrift f{\"u}r Politikwissenschaft (ISSN: 2366-2638)}, number = {3}, publisher = {Springer Fachmedien}, address = {Wiesbaden}, issn = {1430-6387}, doi = {10.1007/s41358-024-00378-6}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:101:1-2412202107197.782688552245}, pages = {425 -- 445}, year = {2024}, abstract = {In einer bayernweiten postalischen Umfrage wurden unter Anwendung der Draw\&Write -Technik die Zielpersonen gebeten, ihre Vorstellung von Demokratie zu zeichnen. Eine Bildtypenanalyse ergab zwar, dass die Bilder im erhobenen Datensatz die große Bedeutung best{\"a}tigen, die der Wahl in der Demokratie zukommt. Doch f{\"u}hrt die in diesem Bereich neue Methode zu beachtlichen Differenzen verglichen mit den Ergebnissen standardisierter Umfragen. Der Mehrwert der Draw\&Write -Technik zeigt sich darin, dass das Datenmaterial nicht nur die bekannten Kategorien der repr{\"a}sentativen, direktdemokratischen, deliberativen oder demonstrativen Beteiligung spiegelt. Ein Teil der Zeichnungen wurde zwei weiteren Kategorien zugeordnet: 1) Klagen {\"u}ber empfundene Ohnmacht und Einflusslosigkeit angesichts eines repr{\"a}sentativen Herrschaftssystems sowie 2) Appelle an Konsensf{\"a}higkeit und die Bereitschaft zur Verantwortungs{\"u}bernahme als Bedingungen, die die B{\"u}rger:innen erf{\"u}llen m{\"u}ssen, wenn Beteiligung am politischen Prozess gelingen soll. Weiterhin ist das Ergebnis von großem Wert, weil das Zeichnen im Rahmen eines postalischen Surveys genutzt wurde. Ein Bias besteht lediglich hinsichtlich der Bildungsvariable, was aber auch bei der Anwendung offener Fragen zu erwarten w{\"a}re.}, subject = {-}, language = {de} } @article{Rieger2024, author = {Rieger, Eva}, title = {A Manchurian Candidate? The GOP's Discourse on the Russian War in Ukraine}, series = {Politische Vierteljahresschrift (ISSN: 1862-2860)}, volume = {66}, journal = {Politische Vierteljahresschrift (ISSN: 1862-2860)}, number = {1}, publisher = {Springer Fachmedien}, address = {Wiesbaden}, issn = {0032-3470}, doi = {10.1007/s11615-024-00558-7}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:101:1-2411132119230.713822872360}, pages = {77 -- 99}, year = {2024}, abstract = {The United States has a longstanding tradition regarding its overall foreign policy, in the form of a bipartisan consensus. This includes—among other things—maintaining alliances and curbing the influence of rivals (e.g., Russia). Since this consensus has been in place, traditionally the Republican Party (GOP) has been especially intent on a less cooperative and more containing or deterring stance towards Russia. With former U.S. President Donald Trump, we can see a turning point in this behaviour by the GOP. Trump's obvious admiration for Russian president Putin and his statements about Putin being overly favourable, while simultaneously questioning NATO and the United States' commitment to defend Eastern European partners, show a distinctive shift in the GOP's discourse. This renunciation has subsequently been picked up by parts of the Republican Party, rendering the bipartisan consensus a contested issue. The full-scale Russian invasion of Ukraine in February 2022 now constitutes an important external shock influencing said discursive shift. By drawing on discourse-bound identity theory and discourse analysis, the GOP's discourse regarding Russia and NATO is expected to have (substantially) changed in a kind of Zeitenwende —back towards the bipartisan consensus. This article will, therefore, analyse the statements of prominent Republicans after the Russian invasion, compare them to Trump's positions on these issues, and identify whether the invasion serves as a formative event that creates an overall shift in rhetoric and positions.}, subject = {-}, language = {en} } @article{GoerigkKhosravi2024, author = {Goerigk, Marc and Khosravi, Mohammad}, title = {Robust combinatorial optimization problems under budgeted interdiction uncertainty}, series = {OR Spectrum (ISSN: 1436-6304)}, volume = {47}, journal = {OR Spectrum (ISSN: 1436-6304)}, number = {1}, publisher = {Springer}, address = {Berlin/Heidelberg}, issn = {0171-6468}, doi = {10.1007/s00291-024-00772-0}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:101:1-2408131120370.349068848723}, pages = {255 -- 285}, year = {2024}, abstract = {In robust combinatorial optimization, we would like to find a solution that performs well under all realizations of an uncertainty set of possible parameter values. How we model this uncertainty set has a decisive influence on the complexity of the corresponding robust problem. For this reason, budgeted uncertainty sets are often studied, as they enable us to decompose the robust problem into easier subproblems. We propose a variant of discrete budgeted uncertainty for cardinality-based constraints or objectives, where a weight vector is applied to the budget constraint. We show that while the adversarial problem can be solved in linear time, the robust problem becomes NP-hard and not approximable. We discuss different possibilities to model the robust problem and show experimentally that despite the hardness result, some models scale relatively well in the problem size.}, subject = {-}, language = {en} } @article{BeurskensScherzinger2024, author = {Beurskens, Michael and Scherzinger, Stefanie}, title = {Legal Perspectives on Research Data Storage}, series = {Datenbank-Spektrum (ISSN: 1618-2162)}, volume = {24}, journal = {Datenbank-Spektrum (ISSN: 1618-2162)}, number = {2}, publisher = {Springer}, address = {Berlin/Heidelberg}, issn = {1618-2162}, doi = {10.1007/s13222-024-00478-1}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:101:1-2410012125227.647518861484}, pages = {85 -- 95}, year = {2024}, abstract = {Responsibly managing research data has become increasingly important for researchers, especially within the database research community. Despite significant progress in best practices, the state-of-the-art in research data storage is lacking from a legal perspective. We introduce the stakeholders and the dynamic nature of their relationships (such as researchers changing affiliation) and observe that no existing infrastructure for research data storage fully meets their requirements. Therefore, we emphasize the need to design a comprehensive system architecture for research data storage that is aligned with legal considerations from the start, rather than as an afterthought.}, language = {en} } @article{Sinn2024, author = {Sinn, Johanna}, title = {Grenzen aufopfernder Pflege}, series = {Zeitschrift f{\"u}r Ethik und Moralphilosophie (ISSN: 2522-0071)}, volume = {7}, journal = {Zeitschrift f{\"u}r Ethik und Moralphilosophie (ISSN: 2522-0071)}, number = {1}, publisher = {Springer}, address = {Berlin/Heidelberg}, issn = {2522-0071}, doi = {10.1007/s42048-024-00173-6}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:101:1-2408062121464.920156372049}, pages = {281 -- 284}, year = {2024}, language = {de} } @article{FrankeHeinrichReisch2024, author = {Franke, Jan and Heinrich, Florian and Reisch, Raven T.}, title = {Vision based process monitoring in wire arc additive manufacturing (WAAM)}, series = {Journal of Intelligent Manufacturing (ISSN: 1572-8145)}, volume = {36}, journal = {Journal of Intelligent Manufacturing (ISSN: 1572-8145)}, number = {3}, publisher = {Springer US}, address = {New York}, issn = {0956-5515}, doi = {10.1007/s10845-023-02287-x}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:101:1-2405052141549.085870766506}, pages = {1711 -- 1721}, year = {2024}, abstract = {A stable welding process is crucial to obtain high quality parts in wire arc additive manufacturing. The complexity of the process makes it inherently unstable, which can cause various defects, resulting in poor geometric accuracy and material properties. This demands for in-process monitoring and control mechanisms to industrialize the technology. In this work, process monitoring algorithms based on welding camera image analysis are presented. A neural network for semantic segmentation of the welding wire is used to monitor the working distance as well as the horizontal position of the wire during welding and classic image processing techniques are applied to capture spatter formation. Using these algorithms, the process stability is evaluated in real time and the analysis results enable the direction independent closed-loop-control of the manufacturing process. This significantly improves geometric fidelity as well as mechanical properties of the fabricated part and allows the automated production of parts with complex deposition paths including weld bead crossings, curvatures and overhang structures.}, language = {en} } @article{AistleitnerFruehwirthProchno2024, author = {Aistleitner, Christoph and Fr{\"u}hwirth, Lorenz and Prochno, Joscha}, title = {Diophantine conditions in the law of the iterated logarithm for lacunary systems}, series = {Probability Theory and Related Fields (ISSN: 1432-2064)}, volume = {192}, journal = {Probability Theory and Related Fields (ISSN: 1432-2064)}, number = {1}, publisher = {Springer}, address = {Berlin/Heidelberg}, issn = {0178-8051}, doi = {10.1007/s00440-024-01272-6}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:101:1-2406190937284.886045166092}, pages = {545 -- 574}, year = {2024}, abstract = {It is a classical observation that lacunary function systems exhibit many properties which are typical for systems of independent random variables. However, it had already been observed by Erdős and Fortet in the 1950s that probability theory's limit theorems may fail for lacunary sums (sum f(n_k x)) if the sequence ((n_k)_{k ge 1}) has a strong arithmetic "structure". The presence of such structure can be assessed in terms of the number of solutions k, l of two-term linear Diophantine equations (an_k - bn_l = c). As the first author proved with Berkes in 2010, saving an (arbitrarily small) unbounded factor for the number of solutions of such equations compared to the trivial upper bound, rules out pathological situations as in the Erdős-Fortet example, and guarantees that (sum f(n_k x)) satisfies the central limit theorem (CLT) in a form which is in accordance with true independence. In contrast, as shown by the first author, for the law of the iterated logarithm (LIL) the Diophantine condition which suffices to ensure "truly independent" behavior requires saving this factor of logarithmic order. In the present paper we show that, rather surprisingly, saving such a logarithmic factor is actually the optimal condition in the LIL case. This result reveals the remarkable fact that the arithmetic condition required of ((n_k)_{k ge 1}) to ensure that (sum f(n_k x)) shows "truly random" behavior is a different one at the level of the CLT than it is at the level of the LIL: the LIL requires a stronger arithmetic condition than the CLT does.}, language = {en} } @article{DonnerMeissnerBort2024, author = {Donner, Eva Katharina and Meißner, Annekatrin and Bort, Suleika}, title = {Moving from voluntary to mandatory sustainability reporting—Transparency in sustainable development goals (SDG) reporting: An analysis of Germany's largest MNCs}, series = {Business Ethics, the Environment \& Responsibility (ISSN: 2694-6424)}, volume = {34}, journal = {Business Ethics, the Environment \& Responsibility (ISSN: 2694-6424)}, number = {3}, publisher = {Wiley}, issn = {2694-6416}, doi = {10.1111/beer.12687}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:739-opus4-16527}, pages = {900 -- 911}, year = {2024}, abstract = {A growing number of multinational companies (MNCs) report on their progress toward contributing to the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) in their annual reports, yet the amount and quality of the information they disclose varies significantly. The aim of this study is twofold: First, we investigate how transparent MNCs report on their SDG engagement and second, we study how the reported SDG engagement changed over time due to major shifts in sustainability reporting requirements. Using a dataset of the largest German MNCs, we analyze their disclosure of SDG contribution reporting practices. Our results show that, overall, between 2016 and 2021 all German MNCs increased their SDG reporting activity and that the MNCs adopted four different practices to report their SDG engagement. We also found that the largest MNCs were more transparent and systematic in their SDG reporting than smaller MNCs, whose reporting was more heterogeneous. Our study contributes to legitimacy research and the role of transparency in corporate reporting as well as the debates on the efficacy of sustainability reporting legislation in the context of SDG engagement. Our findings imply that regulations on environmental and social regulation increase the transparency of sustainability reporting.}, language = {en} } @article{NiedervandeVijverUssishkin2024, author = {Nieder, Jessica and van de Vijver, Ruben and Ussishkin, Adam}, title = {Emerging Roots: Investigating Early Access to Meaning in Maltese Auditory Word Recognition}, series = {Cognitive Science (ISSN: 1551-6709)}, volume = {48}, journal = {Cognitive Science (ISSN: 1551-6709)}, number = {11}, publisher = {Wiley}, issn = {0364-0213}, doi = {10.1111/cogs.70004}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:739-opus4-17638}, pages = {36 Seiten}, year = {2024}, abstract = {In Semitic languages, the consonantal root is central to morphology, linking form and meaning. While psycholinguistic studies highlight its importance in language processing, the role of meaning in early lexical access and its representation remain unclear. This study investigates when meaning becomes accessible during the processing of Maltese verb forms, using a computational model based on the Discriminative Lexicon framework. Our model effectively comprehends and produces Maltese verbs, while also predicting response times in a masked auditory priming experiment. Results show that meaning is accessible early in lexical access and becomes more prominent after the target word is fully processed. This suggests that semantic information plays a critical role from the initial stages of lexical access, refining our understanding of real-time language comprehension. Our findings contribute to theories of lexical access and offer valuable insights for designing priming studies in psycholinguistics. Additionally, this study demonstrates the potential of computational models in investigating the relationship between form and meaning in language processing.}, language = {en} } @article{VishnuNampoothiriEntropAnnamalai2024, author = {Vishnu Nampoothiri, Madhavan and Entrop, Oliver and Annamalai, Thillai Rajan}, title = {Effect of mandatory sustainability performance disclosures on firm value: Evidence from listed European firms}, series = {Corporate Social Responsibility and Environmental Management (ISSN: 1535-3966)}, volume = {31}, journal = {Corporate Social Responsibility and Environmental Management (ISSN: 1535-3966)}, number = {6}, publisher = {John Wiley \& Sons, Inc.}, address = {Chichester, UK}, issn = {1535-3958}, doi = {10.1002/csr.2860}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:739-opus4-17620}, pages = {5220 -- 5235}, year = {2024}, abstract = {Corporate Sustainability Performance (CSP) reporting is becoming increasingly important to investors who seek to identify and invest in companies that are managing their Environmental, Social and Governance (ESG) risks effectively. The European Union's Non-Financial Reporting Directive (NFRD), which was implemented in 2017, mandates that certain large companies must disclose their sustainability performance. This study examines the impact of the EU NFRD on the firm value of listed European firms using a difference-in-differences regression model. We find that the mandatory disclosure of corporate sustainability performance does not significantly affect firm value at an aggregate level. However, the results suggest minor inter-industry differences, which can be attributed to varying sustainability performance metrics across industries. These findings contribute not only to the nascent literature on mandatory sustainability disclosures but also to the deliberations of policymakers and regulators across the world who are devising and implementing mandatory corporate sustainability performance disclosure regulations.}, language = {en} } @article{DaschnerObermaier2024, author = {Daschner, Stefan and Obermaier, Robert}, title = {Do We Use Relatively Bad (Algorithmic) Advice? The Effects of Performance Feedback and Advice Representation on Advice Usage}, series = {Journal of Behavioral Decision Making (ISSN: 1099-0771)}, volume = {37}, journal = {Journal of Behavioral Decision Making (ISSN: 1099-0771)}, number = {5}, publisher = {Wiley}, issn = {0894-3257}, doi = {10.1002/bdm.70001}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:739-opus4-17615}, pages = {18 Seiten}, year = {2024}, abstract = {Algorithms are capable of advising human decision-makers in an increasing number of management accounting tasks such as business forecasts. Due to expected potential of these (intelligent) algorithms, there are growing research efforts to explore ways how to boost algorithmic advice usage in forecasting tasks. However, algorithmic advice can also be erroneous. Yet, the risk of using relatively bad advice is largely ignored in this research stream. Therefore, we conduct two online experiments to examine this risk of using relatively bad advice in a forecasting task. In Experiment 1, we examine the influence of performance feedback (revealing previous relative advice quality) and source of advice on advice usage in business forecasts. The results indicate that the provision of performance feedback increases subsequent advice usage but also the usage of subsequent relatively bad advice. In Experiment 2, we investigate whether advice representation, that is, displaying forecast intervals instead of a point estimate, helps to calibrate advice usage towards relative advice quality. The results suggest that advice representation might be a potential countermeasure to the usage of relatively bad advice. However, the effect of this antidote weakens when forecast intervals become less informative.}, language = {en} } @article{RenderEisenbarthOxneretal.2024, author = {Render, Anna and Eisenbarth, Hedwig and Oxner, Matt and Jansen, Petra}, title = {Arousal, interindividual differences and temporal binding a psychophysiological study}, series = {Psychological Research (ISSN: 1430-2772)}, volume = {88}, journal = {Psychological Research (ISSN: 1430-2772)}, number = {5}, publisher = {Springer Berlin Heidelberg}, address = {Berlin/Heidelberg}, issn = {0340-0727}, doi = {10.1007/s00426-024-01976-3}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:101:1-2410112103084.421385257281}, pages = {1653 -- 1677}, year = {2024}, abstract = {The sense of agency varies as a function of arousal in negative emotional contexts. As yet, it is unknown whether the same is true for positive affect, and how inter-individual characteristics might predict these effects. Temporal binding, an implicit measure of the sense of agency, was measured in 59 participants before and after watching either an emotionally neutral film clip or a positive film clip with high or low arousal. Analyses included participants' individual differences in subjective affective ratings, physiological arousal (pupillometry, skin conductance, heart rate), striatal dopamine levels via eye blink rates, and psychopathy. Linear mixed models showed that sexual arousal decreased temporal binding whereas calm pleasure had no facilitation effect on binding. Striatal dopamine levels were positively linked whereas subjective and physiological arousal may be negatively associated with binding towards actions. Psychopathic traits reduced the effect of high arousal on binding towards actions. These results provide evidence that individual differences influence the extent to which the temporal binding is affected by high arousing states with positive valence.}, language = {en} } @article{LenglerOprisSudholt2024, author = {Lengler, Johannes and Opris, Andre and Sudholt, Dirk}, title = {Analysing Equilibrium States for Population Diversity}, series = {Algorithmica (ISSN: 1432-0541)}, volume = {86}, journal = {Algorithmica (ISSN: 1432-0541)}, number = {7}, publisher = {Springer US}, address = {New York}, issn = {0178-4617}, doi = {10.1007/s00453-024-01226-3}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:101:1-2406282100292.409184699704}, pages = {2317 -- 2351}, year = {2024}, abstract = {Population diversity is crucial in evolutionary algorithms as it helps with global exploration and facilitates the use of crossover. Despite many runtime analyses showing advantages of population diversity, we have no clear picture of how diversity evolves over time. We study how the population diversity of (μ+1)algorithms, measured by the sum of pairwise Hamming distances, evolves in a fitness-neutral environment. We give an exact formula for the drift of population diversity and show that it is driven towards an equilibrium state. Moreover, we bound the expected time for getting close to the equilibrium state. We find that these dynamics, including the location of the equilibrium, are unaffected by surprisingly many algorithmic choices. All unbiased mutation operators with the same expected number of bit flips have the same effect on the expected diversity. Many crossover operators have no effect at all, including all binary unbiased, respectful operators. We review crossover operators from the literature and identify crossovers that are neutral towards the evolution of diversity and crossovers that are not.}, language = {en} } @article{SchulteLedelHerbold2024, author = {Schulte, Lukas and Ledel, Benjamin and Herbold, Steffen}, title = {Studying the explanations for the automated prediction of bug and non-bug issues using LIME and SHAP}, series = {Empirical Software Engineering (ISSN: 1573-7616)}, volume = {29}, journal = {Empirical Software Engineering (ISSN: 1573-7616)}, number = {4}, publisher = {Springer US}, address = {New York}, issn = {1382-3256}, doi = {10.1007/s10664-024-10469-1}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:101:1-2409232103207.812648424894}, pages = {29 Seiten}, year = {2024}, abstract = {Context The identification of bugs within issues reported to an issue tracking system is crucial for triage. Machine learning models have shown promising results for this task. However, we have only limited knowledge of how such models identify bugs. Explainable AI methods like LIME and SHAP can be used to increase this knowledge. Objective We want to understand if explainable AI provides explanations that are reasonable to us as humans and align with our assumptions about the model's decision-making. We also want to know if the quality of predictions is correlated with the quality of explanations. Methods We conduct a study where we rate LIME and SHAP explanations based on their quality of explaining the outcome of an issue type prediction model. For this, we rate the quality of the explanations, i.e., if they align with our expectations and help us understand the underlying machine learning model. Results We found that both LIME and SHAP give reasonable explanations and that correct predictions are well explained. Further, we found that SHAP outperforms LIME due to a lower ambiguity and a higher contextuality that can be attributed to the ability of the deep SHAP variant to capture sentence fragments. Conclusion We conclude that the model finds explainable signals for both bugs and non-bugs. Also, we recommend that research dealing with the quality of explanations for classification tasks reports and investigates rater agreement, since the rating of explanations is highly subjective.}, language = {en} } @article{GeschwindGrafLambsdorff2024, author = {Geschwind, Stephan and Graf Lambsdorff, Johann}, title = {Does scarcity induce hostility? An experimental investigation of common-pool resources}, series = {Ecological Economics (Online ISSN: 1873-6106)}, volume = {2025}, journal = {Ecological Economics (Online ISSN: 1873-6106)}, number = {227}, publisher = {Elsevier}, address = {Amsterdam}, doi = {10.1016/j.ecolecon.2024.108388}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:739-opus4-18958}, pages = {17 Seiten}, year = {2024}, abstract = {Climate change is leading to an increased scarcity of resources such as freshwater, energy, arable land and wildlife. This is perceived as a major security threat. However, the literature remains unclear on whether scarcity mitigates or exacerbates conflict. We design a novel laboratory experiment to investigate hostile behavior under scarcity. Participants interact repeatedly in a dynamic common-pool resource (CPR) and a joy-of-destruction game. The experiment distinguishes between two types of scarcity: Endogenous scarcity in the form of a deliberate human choice to overexploit resources and exogenous scarcity in the form of adverse environmental conditions. Our results show that endogenous scarcity exacerbates hostility. We trace this to participants being guided by negative reciprocity while finding no support for inequality aversion. The results indicate that to avoid hostility, policy makers will have to reduce human-induced scarcity. However, our results also show that exogenous scarcity mitigates hostility. This is in line with a vast body of literature from psychology, anthropology and biology finding increased levels of cooperation for all forms of life under environmental distress. It suggests that managing perceptions around increasing scarcities could be a second potential avenue for policy action.}, language = {en} } @article{KinatederGurribChoudhury2024, author = {Kinateder, Harald and Gurrib, Ikhlaas and Choudhury, Tonmoy}, title = {Navigating crises: Gold's role as a safe haven for U.S. sectors}, series = {Finance Research Letters (Online ISSN: 1544-6131)}, volume = {2024}, journal = {Finance Research Letters (Online ISSN: 1544-6131)}, number = {69 B}, publisher = {Elsevier}, address = {Amsterdam}, doi = {10.1016/j.frl.2024.106210}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:739-opus4-18974}, pages = {6 Seiten}, year = {2024}, abstract = {This paper investigates the correlation between U.S. sectors and gold, and whether gold can serve as a safe haven for investors in specific U.S. sectors during the global financial crisis, COVID-19, and the Russia-Ukraine war. We use data from the Standard \& Poor's Depository Receipts (SPDR) Select Sector Exchange Traded Fund (ETF) to capture the performance of the respective sectors. Our findings document that gold is a weak safe haven for most U.S. sectors. Gold is not a safe investment for energy, materials, utilities, and consumer staples. Gold does provide vital protection for financial, consumer discretionary, industrial, technology, and healthcare.}, language = {en} } @article{BiglerJanzen2024, author = {Bigler, Patrick and Janzen, Benedikt}, title = {Too hot to sleep}, series = {Journal of Environmental Economics and Management (Online ISSN: 1096-0449)}, volume = {2024}, journal = {Journal of Environmental Economics and Management (Online ISSN: 1096-0449)}, number = {128}, publisher = {Elsevier}, address = {Amsterdam}, doi = {10.1016/j.jeem.2024.103063}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:739-opus4-18966}, pages = {17 Seiten}, year = {2024}, language = {en} } @article{HerkenhoffKrautheimSaure2024, author = {Herkenhoff, Philipp and Krautheim, Sebastian and Saur{\´e}, Philip}, title = {A simple model of buyer-seller networks in international trade}, series = {European Economic Review (Online ISSN: 1873-572X)}, volume = {2024}, journal = {European Economic Review (Online ISSN: 1873-572X)}, number = {170}, publisher = {Elsevier}, address = {Amsterdam}, doi = {10.1016/j.euroecorev.2024.104868}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:739-opus4-18949}, pages = {29 Seiten}, year = {2024}, abstract = {The recent literature on firm-to-firm trade has documented salient empirical regularities of the buyer-seller network. We show that surprisingly many of these regularities emerge by superimposing the stochastic balls-and-bins structure of Armenter and Koren (2014) to firms in a classical Krugman (1980) model. Our approach amounts to a re-interpretation of Krugman (1980) and relies on randomized bundling of Krugman-varieties into heterogeneous firms, economically neutral 'sales units' that import foreign varieties but belong to local firms, and a statistical reporting threshold that applies to firm-to-firm transactions. We argue that our model provides an important benchmark for the assessment of theoretical models that aim to identify the determinants of firm-to-firm networks.}, language = {en} } @article{KleinePeschkeWagner2024, author = {Kleine, Jens and Peschke, Thomas and Wagner, Niklas}, title = {Beyond financial wealth: The experienced utility of collectibles}, series = {The Quarterly Review of Economics and Finance (Online ISSN: 1878-4259)}, volume = {2024}, journal = {The Quarterly Review of Economics and Finance (Online ISSN: 1878-4259)}, number = {97}, publisher = {Elsevier}, address = {Amsterdam}, doi = {10.1016/j.qref.2024.101865}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:739-opus4-18808}, pages = {11 Seiten}, year = {2024}, abstract = {We argue that the utility of specific assets, in our case collectibles, is not only derived from the financial outcome, but also from the conditions that prevail until a financial outcome may be realized. Therefore, we derive a multi-attribute utility function that measures financial returns — using a mean-variance utility function — on the one hand, and non-financial returns — using an experienced utility function — on the other. We then reveal the trade-off between financial and non-financial utility by analyzing 363 owners of collectibles. We divide the owners into the group of collectors and the group of investors, based on their self-reported motivation. Our results suggest that collectors receive almost no utility from financial returns, but rather from experience. The opposite is the case for investors. Our findings help to explain the reported financial underperformance of collectibles and suggest to adjust existing models of utility.}, language = {en} } @article{FritschHauptSchnurbus2024, author = {Fritsch, Markus and Haupt, Harry and Schnurbus, Joachim}, title = {Efficiency of poll-based multi-period forecasting systems for German state elections}, series = {International Journal of Forecasting (Online ISSN: 1872-8200)}, volume = {41 (2025)}, journal = {International Journal of Forecasting (Online ISSN: 1872-8200)}, number = {2}, publisher = {Elsevier}, address = {Amsterdam}, doi = {10.1016/j.ijforecast.2024.04.008}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:739-opus4-18793}, pages = {670 -- 688}, year = {2024}, abstract = {Election polls are frequently employed to reflect voter sentiment with respect to a particular election (or fixed-event). Despite their widespread use as forecasts and inputs for predictive algorithms, there is substantial uncertainty regarding their efficiency. This uncertainty is amplified by judgment in the form of pollsters applying unpublished weighting schemes to ensure the representativeness of the sampled voters for the underlying population. Efficient forecasting systems incorporate past information instantly, which renders a given fixed-event unpredictable based on past information. This results in all sequential adjustments of the fixed-event forecasts across adjacent time periods (or forecast revisions) being martingale differences. This paper illustrates the theoretical conditions related to weak efficiency of fixed-event forecasting systems based on traditional least squares loss and asymmetrically weighted least absolute deviations (or quantile) loss. Weak efficiency of poll-based multi-period forecasting systems for all German federal state elections since the year 2000 is investigated. The inefficiency of almost all considered forecasting systems is documented and alternative explanations for the findings are discussed.}, language = {en} } @article{KabluchkoProchnoSonnleitner2024, author = {Kabluchko, Zakhar and Prochno, Joscha and Sonnleitner, Mathias}, title = {A probabilistic approach to Lorentz balls l(^n)(q,1)}, series = {Journal of Functional Analysis (Online ISSN: 1096-0783)}, volume = {2025}, journal = {Journal of Functional Analysis (Online ISSN: 1096-0783)}, number = {288, 1}, publisher = {Elsevier}, address = {Amsterdam}, doi = {10.1016/j.jfa.2024.110682}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:739-opus4-18878}, pages = {32 Seiten}, year = {2024}, abstract = {We develop a probabilistic approach to study the volumetric and geometric properties of unit balls |B(^n)(q,1) of finite-dimensional Lorentz sequence spaces l(^n)(q,1). More precisely, we show that the empirical distribution of a random vector X^(n) uniformly distributed on its volume normalized unit ball converges weakly to a compactly supported symmetric probability distribution with explicitly given density; as a consequence we obtain a weak Poincar{\´e}-Maxwell-Borel principle for any fixed number k in |N of coordinates of X^(n) as n grows infinitly. Moreover, we prove a central limit theorem for the largest coordinate of X^(n), demonstrating a quite different behavior than in the case of the l(^n)(q) balls, where a Gumbel distribution appears in the limit. Finally, we prove a Schechtman-Schmuckenschl{\"a}ger type result for the asymptotic volume of intersections of volume normalized l(^n)(q,1) and l(^n)(p) balls.}, language = {en} } @article{VorderobermeierAbelSailer2024, author = {Vorderobermeier, Andrea and Abel, Johannes and Sailer, Maximilian}, title = {Theoretical foundations and approaches in research on educational escape rooms : a systematic review}, series = {Educational Research Review (Online ISSN: 1878-0385)}, volume = {2024}, journal = {Educational Research Review (Online ISSN: 1878-0385)}, number = {44}, publisher = {Elsevier}, address = {Amsterdam}, doi = {10.1016/j.edurev.2024.100625}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:739-opus4-18863}, pages = {16 Seiten}, year = {2024}, abstract = {Educational Escape Rooms (EER) as a new teaching tool gained significant attention in the research discourse - especially the last two years. So far, research focused on the practicality, feasibility or description of the development. To provide a more comprehensive understanding to mechanisms within this instructional approach, it is valuable to examine it through the lens of established and well-researched theories and approaches of teaching and learning. Therefore, we identified which theoretical foundations were used in research on Escape Rooms as learning tools and took a look at the extent to which and where they are represented. For this purpose, a systematic review was conducted, which resulted in the identification of 24 articles containing a total of nine theoretical foundations. It is presented how these approaches are applied in EERs and how they are interrelated. Furthermore, we developed six patterns that illustrate the integration of the found theories into the articles. The integration of these theoretical approaches ranges from general statements on theoretical grounding in EERs without connection to didactic considerations to theoretical grounding with empirical validation. Result of the systematic review is that the theoretical foundation in current research on EERs is weak. Therefore, it is argued that future research should focus more on the interweaving of theory, didactic instructions, and practice to gain a better understanding of mechanisms behind successful learning environments with EERs.}, language = {en} } @article{BauerHauptLinner2024, author = {Bauer, Ida and Haupt, Harry and Linner, Stefan}, title = {Pinball boosting of regression quantiles}, series = {Computational Statistics \& Data Analysis (Online ISSN: 1872-7352)}, volume = {2024}, journal = {Computational Statistics \& Data Analysis (Online ISSN: 1872-7352)}, number = {200}, publisher = {Elsevier}, address = {Amsterdam}, doi = {10.1016/j.csda.2024.108027}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:739-opus4-18850}, pages = {12 Seiten}, year = {2024}, abstract = {An algorithm for boosting regression quantiles using asymmetric least absolute deviations, better known as pinball loss, is proposed. Existing approaches for boosting regression quantiles are essentially equal to least squares boosting of regression means with the single difference that their working residuals are based on pinball loss. All steps of our boosting algorithm are embedded in the well-established framework of quantile regression, and its main components - sequential base learning, fitting, and updating - are based on consistent scoring rules for regression quantiles. The Monte Carlo simulations performed indicate that the pinball boosting algorithm is competitive with existing approaches for boosting regression quantiles in terms of estimation accuracy and variable selection, and that its application to the study of regression quantiles of hedonic price functions allows the estimation of previously infeasible high-dimensional specifications.}, language = {en} } @article{GrimmSoubeigaWeber2024, author = {Grimm, Michael and Soubeiga, Sidiki and Weber, Michael}, title = {Supporting small firms in a fragile context : comparing matching and cash grants in Burkina Faso}, series = {Journal of Development Economics (Online ISSN: 1872-6089)}, volume = {2024}, journal = {Journal of Development Economics (Online ISSN: 1872-6089)}, number = {171}, publisher = {Elsevier}, address = {Amsterdam}, doi = {10.1016/j.jdeveco.2024.103344}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:739-opus4-18848}, pages = {17 Seiten}, year = {2024}, abstract = {We used a randomized controlled trial to compare matching grants earmarked for technical training and consulting services with more flexible cash grants and with a control group. The experiment was implemented in a semi-urban and rural fragile setting where subsidizing innovative activities might be particularly important. Firms were selected on the basis of a business plan competition. After two years, beneficiaries of cash grants showed higher survival rates, improved business practices, a higher degree of formalization, and more activities for innovation relative to recipients of matching grants and the control group, but we saw no effects on profits, sales, and employment. Across all outcomes, beneficiaries of cash grants performed better than beneficiaries of matching grants, for them the treatment effects are smaller and often insignificant, though implementation costs were higher. Recipients of cash grants also increased their capital stock more and were more resilient to the COVID-19 crisis.}, language = {en} } @article{FritschPuaSchnurbus2024, author = {Fritsch, Markus and Pua, Andrew Adrian and Schnurbus, Joachim}, title = {Teaching advanced topics in econometrics using introductory textbooks : the case of dynamic panel data methods}, series = {International Review of Economics Education (Online ISSN: 2352-4421)}, volume = {2024}, journal = {International Review of Economics Education (Online ISSN: 2352-4421)}, number = {47}, publisher = {Elsevier}, address = {Amsterdam}, doi = {10.1016/j.iree.2024.100297}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:739-opus4-18835}, pages = {19 Seiten}, year = {2024}, abstract = {We show how to use the introductory econometrics textbook by Stock and Watson (2019) as a starting point for teaching and studying dynamic panel data methods. The materials are intended for undergraduate students taking their second econometrics course, undergraduate students in seminar-type courses, independent study courses, capstone, or thesis projects, and beginning graduate students in a research methods course. First, we distill the methodological core necessary to understand dynamic panel data methods. Second, we design an empirical and a theoretical case study to highlight the capabilities, downsides, and hazards of the method. The empirical case study is based on the cigarette demand example in Stock and Watson (2019) and illustrates that economic and methodological issues are interrelated. The theoretical case study shows how to evaluate current empirical practices from a theoretical standpoint. We designed both case studies to boost students' confidence in working with technical material and to provide instructors with more opportunities to let students develop econometric thinking and to actively communicate with applied economists. Although we focus on Stock and Watson (2019) and the statistical software R, we also show how to modify the material for use with another introductory textbook by Wooldridge (2020) and Stata, and highlight some possible further pathways for instructors and students to reuse and extend our materials.}, language = {en} } @article{GruenerPostelSchumann2024, author = {Gr{\"u}ner, Alina and Postel, Lea and Schumann, Jan}, title = {Sharing is caring? The effect of negative peer-to-peer experiences on loyalty intentions in the sharing economy}, series = {Journal of Business Research (Online ISSN: 1873-7978)}, volume = {2024}, journal = {Journal of Business Research (Online ISSN: 1873-7978)}, number = {181}, publisher = {Elsevier}, address = {Amsterdam}, doi = {10.1016/j.jbusres.2024.114757}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:739-opus4-18820}, pages = {14 Seiten}, year = {2024}, abstract = {Negative experiences with other users (i.e., negative peer-to-peer [P2P] experiences), are a highly prevalent problem of sharing economy business models with potentially negative consequences for the platform. This paper investigates the effect of negative P2P experiences on users' platform loyalty intentions. Based on trust transfer theory, we test a moderated serial mediation suggesting that negative P2P experiences negatively affect platform loyalty intentions via a decrease in peer trust and a subsequent decrease in platform trust. The results of an online scenario-experiment (n = 265) and an online survey (n = 237) in the home-sharing context support this notion by showing a negative peers-to-platform trust transfer effect. In addition, we identified the type of negative experience (outcome-related vs. process-related) and prior relationship satisfaction as contingency factors. This paper draws platform providers' attention to the potential threat stemming from negative experiences between users and provide advice on how to attenuate a negative spillover-effect on the platform.}, language = {en} } @article{MuellerGronbachYaroslavtseva2024, author = {M{\"u}ller-Gronbach, Thomas and Yaroslavtseva, Larisa}, title = {On the complexity of strong approximation of stochastic differential equations with a non-Lipschitz drift coefficient}, series = {Journal of Complexity (Online ISSN: 1090-2708)}, volume = {2024}, journal = {Journal of Complexity (Online ISSN: 1090-2708)}, number = {85}, publisher = {Elsevier}, address = {Amsterdam}, doi = {10.1016/j.jco.2024.101870}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:739-opus4-18819}, pages = {17 Seiten}, year = {2024}, abstract = {We survey recent developments in the field of complexity of pathwise approximation in p-th mean of the solution of a stochastic differential equation at the final time based on finitely many evaluations of the driving Brownian motion. First, we briefly review the case of equations with globally Lipschitz continuous coefficients, for which an error rate of at least 1/2 in terms of the number of evaluations of the driving Brownian motion is always guaranteed by using the equidistant Euler-Maruyama scheme. Then we illustrate that giving up the global Lipschitz continuity of the coefficients may lead to a non-polynomial decay of the error for the Euler-Maruyama scheme or even to an arbitrary slow decay of the smallest possible error that can be achieved on the basis of finitely many evaluations of the driving Brownian motion. Finally, we turn to recent positive results for equations with a drift coefficient that is not globally Lipschitz continuous. Here we focus on scalar equations with a Lipschitz continuous diffusion coefficient and a drift coefficient that satisfies piecewise smoothness assumptions or has fractional Sobolev regularity and we present corresponding complexity results.}, language = {en} } @article{NagelHeidenreichSchumann2024, author = {Nagel, Christian and Heidenreich, Sven and Schumann, Jan}, title = {Enhancing adoption of sustainable product innovations : addressing reduced performance with risk-reducing product modifications}, series = {Journal of Business Research (Online ISSN: 1873-7978)}, volume = {2024}, journal = {Journal of Business Research (Online ISSN: 1873-7978)}, number = {179}, publisher = {Elsevier}, address = {Amsterdam}, doi = {10.1016/j.jbusres.2024.114684}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:739-opus4-18788}, pages = {12 Seiten}, year = {2024}, abstract = {Past studies have shown that the probability of the successful diffusion of sustainable product innovations is strikingly low. A potentially promising marketing strategy to reduce negative consumer perceptions of sustainable product innovations is risk-reducing product modifications (RPMs), which account for behavioral adjustments and performance uncertainties by employing an additional component that uses established technology. This research strives to empirically test the potential positive effects of RPMs using two studies on electric vehicles with and without range extenders as prime examples of RPM: (1) an online survey of potential adopters and (2) a postadoption survey of early adopters. The results show that RPMs increase the adoption of sustainable product innovations. Consumers' tendency to overestimate their true needs and their need for insurance against insufficient performance explain the effectiveness of RPM.}, language = {en} } @article{OttoTilk2024, author = {Otto, Alena and Tilk, Christian}, title = {Intelligent design of sensor networks for data-driven sensor maintenance at railways}, series = {Omega (Online ISSN: 1873-5274)}, volume = {2024}, journal = {Omega (Online ISSN: 1873-5274)}, number = {127}, publisher = {Elsevier}, address = {Amsterdam}, doi = {10.1016/j.omega.2024.103094}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:739-opus4-18771}, pages = {13 Seiten}, year = {2024}, abstract = {With rapid advances in digitization, many critical processes in transportation, industries, and our daily life rely on sensor measurements. With time, however, the measurements may get gradually biased and their precision deteriorates, leading to an enhanced risk of major disruptions caused by false sensor measurements. All single sensor measurements are uncertain and deviate from the true value. To detect malfunctioning sensors early on, a set of recent measurements of each sensor has to be constantly cross-checked against the measurements of a given number of other sensors, i.e., sensors should form a diagnosable network. In this article, we examine the intelligent positioning of safety-relevant sensors at railways such that the installed sensors can constantly cross-check each other and the number of the required sensors is minimized. The arising sensor positioning problem (SPP) belongs to the family of the coordinated set covering problems with two binary matrices: the choice of columns in one matrix implies the selection of specific columns and rows in the other matrix. We formulate an integer program, provide some formal analysis of the SPP and design a customized large neighborhood search metaheuristic RuM, which finds close-to-optimality solutions fast. In our computational experiments, we show that if we ignore the diagnosability requirement, the installed sensors cannot sufficiently cross-check each other in most cases. However, it costs only a few (or even no) additional sensors to ensure the diagnosability of the sensor network.}, language = {en} } @article{FruehwirthProchno2024, author = {Fr{\"u}hwirth, Lorenz and Prochno, Joscha}, title = {Sanov-type large deviations and conditional limit theorems for high-dimensional Orlicz balls}, series = {Journal of Mathematical Analysis and Applications (Online ISSN: 1096-0813)}, volume = {2024}, journal = {Journal of Mathematical Analysis and Applications (Online ISSN: 1096-0813)}, number = {536,1}, publisher = {Elsevier}, address = {Amsterdam}, doi = {10.1016/j.jmaa.2024.128169}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:739-opus4-18723}, pages = {25 Seiten}, year = {2024}, abstract = {In this paper, we prove a Sanov-type large deviation principle for the sequence of empirical measures of vectors chosen uniformly at random from an Orlicz ball. From this level-2 large deviation result, in a combination with Gibbs conditioning, entropy maximization and an Orlicz version of the Poincar{\´e}-Maxwell-Borel lemma, we deduce a conditional limit theorem for high-dimensional Orlicz balls. In more geometric parlance, the latter shows that if V1 and V2 are Orlicz functions, then random points in the V1-Orlicz ball, conditioned on having a small V2-Orlicz radius, look like an appropriately scaled V2-Orlicz ball. In fact, we show that the limiting distribution in our Poincar{\´e}-Maxwell-Borel lemma, and thus the geometric interpretation, undergoes a phase transition depending on the magnitude of the V2-Orlicz radius.}, language = {en} } @article{SchmidPetriElschner2024, author = {Schmid-Petri, Hannah and Elschner, Sophie G.}, title = {Transitionalists, traditionalists or pioneers? How German municipal energy companies are responding to the national energy transition}, series = {Energy Research \& Social Science (Online ISSN: 2214-6326)}, volume = {2024}, journal = {Energy Research \& Social Science (Online ISSN: 2214-6326)}, number = {109}, publisher = {Elsevier}, address = {Amsterdam}, doi = {10.1016/j.erss.2024.103431}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:739-opus4-18714}, pages = {15 Seiten}, year = {2024}, abstract = {The Renewable Energy Sources Act (EEG) in Germany aims to transition the country to a sustainable energy system. This has led to a decentralization of the energy market and a shift toward community-focused energy supply systems. Municipal energy companies (MECs), deeply rooted in their communities, are crucial in facilitating this transition and promoting innovative technologies. Websites serve as important communication tools, facilitating interaction between companies and consumers. In our study, we conducted a quantitative content analysis to examine how MECs communicate issues related to the energy transition on their web pages (N = 300). In general, our results show that the energy transition was rarely mentioned on landing pages, and while companies are improving their sustainable electricity products, renewable gas and heating tariffs have received little attention. Additionally, we identified three communication types of MECs: The transitionalists (45 \%), the traditionalists (35 \%), and the pioneers (20 \%), with the latter being the most innovative that emphasizes issues related to the energy transition. Overall, it can be said that the MECs have not yet fully exploited their potential to position themselves as pioneers of the energy transition in their website communications.}, language = {en} } @article{KreuzerWalsh2024, author = {Kreuzer, Martin and Walsh, Florian}, title = {Computing the binomial part of a polynomial ideal}, series = {Journal of Symbolic Computation (Online ISSN: 1095-855X)}, volume = {2024}, journal = {Journal of Symbolic Computation (Online ISSN: 1095-855X)}, number = {124}, publisher = {Elsevier}, address = {Amsterdam}, doi = {10.1016/j.jsc.2024.102298}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:739-opus4-18708}, pages = {30 Seiten}, year = {2024}, abstract = {Given an ideal I in a polynomial ring K[x1,...,xn] over a field K, we present a complete algorithm to compute the binomial part of I, i.e., the subideal Bin(I) of I generated by all monomials and binomials in I. This is achieved step-by-step. First we collect and extend several algorithms for computing exponent lattices in different kinds of fields. Then we generalize them to compute exponent lattices of units in 0-dimensional K-algebras, where we have to generalize the computation of the separable part of an algebra to non-perfect fields in characteristic p. Next we examine the computation of unit lattices in finitely generated K-algebras, as well as their associated characters and lattice ideals. This allows us to calculate Bin(I) when I is saturated with respect to the indeterminates by reducing the task to the 0-dimensional case. Finally, we treat the computation of Bin(I) for general ideals by computing their cellular decomposition and dealing with finitely many special ideals called (s,t)-binomial parts. All algorithms have been implemented in SageMath.}, language = {en} } @article{GoerigkKhosravi2024, author = {Goerigk, Marc and Khosravi, Mohammad}, title = {Benchmarking problems for robust discrete optimization}, series = {Computers \& Operations Research (Online ISSN: 1873-765X)}, volume = {2024}, journal = {Computers \& Operations Research (Online ISSN: 1873-765X)}, number = {166}, publisher = {Elsevier}, address = {Amsterdam}, doi = {10.1016/j.cor.2024.106608}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:739-opus4-18752}, pages = {16 Seiten}, year = {2024}, abstract = {Robust discrete optimization is a highly active field of research where a plenitude of combinations between decision criteria, uncertainty sets and underlying nominal problems are considered. Usually, a robust problem becomes harder to solve than its nominal counterpart, even if it remains in the same complexity class. For this reason, specialized solution algorithms have been developed. To further drive the development of stronger solution algorithms and to facilitate the comparison between methods, a set of benchmark instances is necessary but so far missing. In this paper we propose a further step towards this goal by proposing several instance generation procedures for combinations of min-max, min-max regret, two-stage and recoverable robustness with interval, discrete, budgeted or ellipsoidal uncertainty sets. Besides sampling methods that go beyond the simple uniform sampling method that is the de-facto standard to produce instances, also optimization models to construct hard instances are considered. Using a selection problem for the nominal ground problem, we are able to generate instances that are several orders of magnitudes harder to solve than uniformly sampled instances when solving them with a general mixed-integer programming solver. All instances and generator codes are made available online.}, language = {en} } @article{PenaFerrandezSauer2024, author = {Pe{\~n}a Ferr{\´a}ndez, Juan Manuel and Sauer, Thomas}, title = {Stabilized recovery and model reduction for multivariate exponential polynomials}, series = {Journal of Symbolic Computation (Online ISSN: 1095-855X)}, volume = {2024}, journal = {Journal of Symbolic Computation (Online ISSN: 1095-855X)}, number = {125}, publisher = {Elsevier}, address = {Amsterdam}, doi = {10.1016/j.jsc.2024.102313}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:739-opus4-18748}, pages = {20 Seiten}, year = {2024}, abstract = {Recovery of multivariate exponential polynomials, i.e., the multivariate version of Prony's problem, can be stabilized by using more than the minimally needed multiinteger samples of the function. We present an algorithm that takes into account this extra information and prove a backward error estimate for the algebraic recovery method SMILE. In addition, we give a method to approximate data by an exponential polynomial sequence of a given structure as a step in the direction of multivariate model reduction.}, language = {en} } @article{DangOprisSudholt2024, author = {Dang, Duc-Cuong and Opris, Andre and Sudholt, Dirk}, title = {Crossover can guarantee exponential speed-ups in evolutionary multi-objective optimisation}, series = {Artificial Intelligence (Online ISSN: 1872-7921)}, volume = {2025}, journal = {Artificial Intelligence (Online ISSN: 1872-7921)}, number = {330}, publisher = {Elsevier}, address = {Amsterdam}, doi = {10.1016/j.artint.2024.104098}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:739-opus4-18732}, pages = {26 Seiten}, year = {2024}, abstract = {Evolutionary algorithms are popular algorithms for multi-objective optimisation (also called Pareto optimisation) as they use a population to store trade-offs between different objectives. Despite their popularity, the theoretical foundation of multi-objective evolutionary optimisation (EMO) is still in its early development. Fundamental questions such as the benefits of the crossover operator are still not fully understood. We provide a theoretical analysis of the well-known EMO algorithms GSEMO and NSGA-II to showcase the possible advantages of crossover: we propose classes of "royal road" functions on which these algorithms cover the whole Pareto front in expected polynomial time if crossover is being used. But when disabling crossover, they require exponential time in expectation to cover the Pareto front. The latter even holds for a large class of black-box algorithms using any elitist selection and any unbiased mutation operator. Moreover, even the expected time to create a single Pareto-optimal search point is exponential. We provide two different function classes, one tailored for one-point crossover and another one tailored for uniform crossover, and we show that some immune-inspired hypermutations cannot avoid exponential optimisation times. Our work shows the first example of an exponential performance gap through the use of crossover for the widely used NSGA-II algorithm and contributes to a deeper understanding of its limitations and capabilities.}, language = {en} } @article{Bueno2024, author = {Bueno, Arthur}, title = {The end (and persistence) of subjectivity : Luk{\´a}cs with Adorno, Adorno with Luk{\´a}cs}, series = {Distinktion : Journal of Social Theory (Online ISSN: 2159-9149)}, volume = {25}, journal = {Distinktion : Journal of Social Theory (Online ISSN: 2159-9149)}, number = {3}, publisher = {Taylor \& Francis}, address = {London}, doi = {10.1080/1600910X.2024.2381469}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:739-opus4-18548}, pages = {435 -- 454}, year = {2024}, abstract = {This paper revisits Luk{\´a}cs's and Adorno's analyses of reification to articulate a diagnosis that accounts both for its tendencies towards authoritarianism and its emancipatory potentials. Despite their divergences, Luk{\´a}cs's conception of the proletariat as 'identical subject-object of history' and Adorno's diagnosis of 'the end of psychology' in the authoritarian masses seem to converge on a similar outcome. Through opposite paths, they both culminate in the elimination of the subject-object distinction, leading the critique of reification to a political impasse. However, this alternative is rooted in partial interpretations of Luk{\´a}cs's and Adorno's arguments. As I contend, one can reconstruct Luk{\´a}cs's analysis in a way that portrays emancipatory subjectivity not as hostile to otherness but as driven by the material limits of reification, or what Adorno termed the non-identical. Correspondingly, in light of Luk{\´a}cs, Adorno's diagnosis can be read in a way that the end of psychology, far from negating the possibility of emancipation, serves as its driving force.}, language = {en} } @article{HamannRose2024, author = {Hamann-Rose, Paul}, title = {Mediating authorship : wordsworth, copyright and media history}, series = {European Romantic Review (Online ISSN: 1740-4657)}, volume = {35}, journal = {European Romantic Review (Online ISSN: 1740-4657)}, number = {2}, publisher = {Taylor \& Francis}, address = {London}, doi = {10.1080/10509585.2024.2344881}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:739-opus4-18537}, pages = {383 -- 398}, year = {2024}, abstract = {This essay presents William Wordsworth's advocacy for the reform of copyright laws as an event in Romantic media history. Previous scholars have discussed the poet's engagement with Thomas Noon Talfourd's petition in the 1830s as indicative of the period's larger negotiation of the economic and cultural values of literary art. This essay argues that beyond issues of economic and aesthetic recognition, Wordsworth is aware of the significance of copyright as a central means of shaping the author's communication with his readers. Within the proliferating mediascape in print in the late eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries, Wordsworth draws on the agency afforded by copyright to intervene in the process of mediation. Proposing mediation as an important new analytical approach to the discourses and practices of Romantic authorship, this essay outlines Wordsworth's efforts toward controlling the codes and channels of communication as crucial concerns in the period's evolving print culture.}, language = {en} } @article{CreakTrotier2024, author = {Creak, Simon and Trotier, Friederike}, title = {Sport, diplomacy, and regionalism in Southeast Asia : the Southeast Asian (SEA) Games and ASEAN}, series = {Sport in Society : Cultures, Commerce, Media, Politics (Online ISSN: 1743-0445)}, journal = {Sport in Society : Cultures, Commerce, Media, Politics (Online ISSN: 1743-0445)}, publisher = {Taylor \& Francis}, address = {London}, doi = {10.1080/17430437.2024.2325971}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:739-opus4-18520}, pages = {20 Seiten}, year = {2024}, abstract = {The biennial Southeast Asian or SEA Games, a regional sport mega-event modeled on the Olympic and Asian Games, were established by Thailand in 1959, and since then have been conducted 32 times across 10 of the region's 11 countries. This article examines how this understudied event has operated as a forum for diplomatic representation, negotiation and communication in Southeast Asia. We make three key arguments: (1) the SEA Games have provided member countries with a means to signal national progress and membership of the regional community, as well as to define and delineate this region; (2) the SEA Games have evolved parallel to the region's political grouping, the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN), but with important differences as well as similarities; and (3) the regional perspective of the SEA Games offers insights that blur the distinction in recent scholarship between traditional 'sports diplomacy' (foregrounding the state) and 'international-sport-as-diplomacy' (foregrounding non-state actors).}, language = {en} } @article{Rajal2024, author = {Rajal, Elke}, title = {Countering antisemitism through Holocaust education : a comparative perspective on Scotland and Austria}, series = {Educational review (Online ISSN: 1465-3397)}, volume = {77}, journal = {Educational review (Online ISSN: 1465-3397)}, number = {5}, publisher = {Taylor \& Francis}, address = {London}, doi = {10.1080/00131911.2024.2325068}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:739-opus4-18514}, pages = {1480 -- 1499}, year = {2024}, abstract = {There is an emerging debate in the field as to whether or not Holocaust education is effective in combating antisemitism. This paper aims to provide explanations for the frequently observed ineffectiveness of Holocaust education in reducing antisemitism by examining two cases that are in many ways diametrically opposed: Scotland as a former part of the Allied Forces and Austria as a post-Nazi state. The case studies focus on overlapping, contrasting and conflicting understandings of Holocaust education and the role of antisemitism within it. The perspective is primarily sociological, inspired by Critical Theory. Evidence is based on research papers and basic documents from the field of Holocaust education (curricula, websites of key actors and educational materials). It is interpreted according to the principles of qualitative content analysis. Findings suggest that in both cases opportunities to address and reduce antisemitism are being missed: In the Scottish case, the teaching of the Holocaust tends to downplay the specific Jewish experience and largely fails to address antisemitism, or does so in a very simplistic way. In the Austrian case, antisemitism is talked about, but in the context of widespread secondary antisemitism it risks being explained and understood in ways that are themselves antisemitic.}, language = {en} } @article{Piwoni2024, author = {Piwoni, Eunike}, title = {Comprehending and sensing racism : how Germans of migrant background make sense of experiences of ethnoracial exclusion}, series = {Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies (Onine ISSN: 1469-9451)}, volume = {50}, journal = {Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies (Onine ISSN: 1469-9451)}, number = {12}, publisher = {Taylor \& Francis}, address = {London}, doi = {10.1080/1369183X.2024.2316635}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:739-opus4-18508}, pages = {2783 -- 2802}, year = {2024}, abstract = {Over the past decade, there has been a strong focus on studying individuals' responses to stigmatisation, discrimination and racism, while the question of how individuals recognise and make sense of an exclusionary event, has been largely side-lined. To fill in this gap, this study leverages an affect-theoretically informed reformulation of Essed's (1991, Understanding Everyday Racism: An Interdisciplinary Theory. London: Sage) classic concept of 'comprehension of racism' to investigate how individuals understand and make sense of experiences of ethnoracial exclusion. Empirically, the article analyses 419 experiences/incidents of ethnoracial exclusion reported in 66 semi-structured interviews with highly educated, second and 1.75 generation immigrants representing three 'groups' of Germans who (may) experience exclusion due to their migrant background: Germans of Polish migrant background, Black Germans and Germans of Turkish migrant background. The study identifies three modes by which interviewees talked about exclusionary experiences/incidents: (1) by normalisation (interpreting an experience/incident as 'normal'), (2) by categorisation (identifying an experience/incident as, e.g. 'racist', 'discriminatory', or 'disadvantaging') or (3) by indicating feelings of unease. For each of the three modes, the article outlines the role of affects and emotions in interviewees' narratives, provides insight into the types of experiences/incidents for which the modes were used and highlights differences between the three groups of respondents.}, language = {en} } @article{OttoGoldenLorenzetal.2024, author = {Otto, Alena and Golden, Bruce and Lorenz, Catherine and Luo, Yuchen and Pesch, Erwin and Rocha, Luis}, title = {On delivery policies for a truck-and-drone tandem in disaster relief}, series = {IISE Transactions (Online ISSN: 2472-5862)}, volume = {57}, journal = {IISE Transactions (Online ISSN: 2472-5862)}, number = {10}, publisher = {Taylor \& Francis}, address = {London}, doi = {10.1080/24725854.2024.2410353}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:739-opus4-18555}, pages = {1198 -- 1214}, year = {2024}, abstract = {This article introduces the traveling salesman problem with a truck and a drone under incomplete information (TSP-DI). TSP-DI is motivated by the deliveries of emergency supplies under unknown road conditions in the immediate aftermath of a disastrous event. The urgency may force the immediate dispatch of relief vehicles, such that road damages blocking the truck's planned route are detected "on-the-fly". The relief transport must schedule deliveries anticipating possible unplanned truck detours, enforce (planned) drone detours for early checking of key road segments, and consider the dynamic nature of road condition information. In this investigation, we perform a competitive analysis of a widely used delivery policy for TSP-DI in practice - the online re-optimization policy (Reopt) - and compare it with several alternative delivery strategies. Competitive analysis examines the worst-case performance of the strategies and is particularly important in the context of disaster relief, where worst-case outcomes must be avoided. Our analysis shows that Reopt is dominated by alternative delivery policies in terms of the competitive ratio even at a medium level of damage on the road. It also underscores the importance of surveillance detours performed by the drone, even if the surveillance delays the start of the deliveries.}, language = {en} } @article{Hidalgo2024, author = {Hidalgo, Oliver}, title = {Von Alemann, Ulrich, Nina Basedahl, Gernot Graeßner, und Sabrina Kovacs (2022): Politische Ideen im Wandel der Zeit}, series = {Politische Vierteljahresschrift}, volume = {65}, journal = {Politische Vierteljahresschrift}, number = {3}, publisher = {Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden}, address = {Wiesbaden}, issn = {0032-3470}, doi = {10.1007/s11615-024-00539-w}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:101:1-2405070854311.077128860665}, pages = {603 -- 607}, year = {2024}, abstract = {"Einf{\"u}hrungen in die Politische Theorie und Ideengeschichte, die auch f{\"u}r Studienanf{\"a}nger*innen verst{\"a}ndlich sind und sich zugleich auf der H{\"o}he des Forschungsstands bewegen, sind nach wie vor eine geh{\"o}rige Herausforderung. Erschwerend kommt hinzu, dass die g{\"a}ngigen autor*innen-, werk- oder diskurszentrierten Formate allesamt ihre blinden Flecken besitzen. Insofern ist die L{\"o}sung, die Ulrich von Alemann, Nina Basedahl, Gernot Graeßner und Sabrina Kovacs gefunden haben und die auf eine Kombination aller drei genannten Ans{\"a}tze hinausl{\"a}uft, im Prinzip durchaus zu begr{\"u}ßen."}, language = {de} } @article{VenusBealeVillalba2024, author = {Venus, Terese E. and Beale, Caroline and Villalba, Roberto}, title = {Innovation and networks in the bioeconomy : a case study from the German Coffee Value Chain}, series = {Circular Economy and Sustainability}, volume = {4}, journal = {Circular Economy and Sustainability}, number = {3}, publisher = {Springer International Publishing}, address = {Cham}, issn = {2730-597X}, doi = {10.1007/s43615-024-00357-7}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:101:1-2405070852079.655263471225}, pages = {1751 -- 1772}, year = {2024}, abstract = {The transition to a circular bioeconomy requires innovation across many sectors, but social dynamics within a sector's network may affect innovation potential. We investigate how network dynamics relate to the perceptions and adoption of bioeconomy innovation using a case study from the food processing sector. Our case study of the German coffee value chain represents a technologically advanced sector with a strong sustainability focus and potential for residue valorization, which is an important dimension of a sustainable circular bioeconomy. We identify three distinct views (pioneers, traditional and limited users) related to residue valorization, map linkages between actors using social network analysis, and highlight barriers to innovation. We collected data through an online survey and semi-structured interviews with key actors in the coffee roasting sector. Within the social network analysis, we find that public waste managers are closely linked to the most influential actors, state actors such as the customs and tax offices can quickly interact with others in the network and promote the spread of information (highest closeness centrality) and specific roasters play an important role as intermediaries for efficient communication (highest betweenness centrality). Finally, we identify four main barriers including the structure of the coffee network, inconsistencies in federal waste regulations, economies of scale, and visions of sustainability. To support a sustainable bioeconomy, we recommend that policy makers revise the primary regulatory frameworks for waste (e.g., German Recycling Act) to clarify how to classify food residues, their disposal structures and broaden their use streams.}, language = {en} } @article{HarksSchwarz2024, author = {Harks, Tobias and Schwarz, Julian}, title = {Generalized Nash equilibrium problems with mixed-integer variables}, series = {Mathematical Programming}, volume = {209}, journal = {Mathematical Programming}, number = {1}, publisher = {Springer Berlin Heidelberg}, address = {Berlin/Heidelberg}, issn = {0025-5610}, doi = {10.1007/s10107-024-02063-6}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:101:1-2405152117292.567771401889}, pages = {231 -- 277}, year = {2024}, abstract = {We consider generalized Nash equilibrium problems (GNEPs) with non-convex strategy spaces and non-convex cost functions. This general class of games includes the important case of games with mixed-integer variables for which only a few results are known in the literature. We present a new approach to characterize equilibria via a convexification technique using the Nikaido-Isoda function. To any given instance of the GNEP, we construct a set of convexified instances and show that a feasible strategy profile is an equilibrium for the original instance if and only if it is an equilibrium for any convexified instance and the convexified cost functions coincide with the initial ones. We develop this convexification approach along three dimensions: We first show that for quasi-linear models, where a convexified instance exists in which for fixed strategies of the opponent players, the cost function of every player is linear and the respective strategy space is polyhedral, the convexification reduces the GNEP to a standard (non-linear) optimization problem. Secondly, we derive two complete characterizations of those GNEPs for which the convexification leads to a jointly constrained or a jointly convex GNEP, respectively. These characterizations require new concepts related to the interplay of the convex hull operator applied to restricted subsets of feasible strategies and may be interesting on their own. Note that this characterization is also computationally relevant as jointly convex GNEPs have been extensively studied in the literature. Finally, we demonstrate the applicability of our results by presenting a numerical study regarding the computation of equilibria for three classes of GNEPs related to integral network flows and discrete market equilibria.}, language = {en} } @article{GrosskopfBarmeyerLandes2024, author = {Grosskopf, Sina and Barmeyer, Christoph and Landes, Andreas}, title = {Organizational integration of highly skilled migrants? Social worlds as multiple cultures dismantling conventional framings}, series = {Journal of Industrial and Business Economics}, volume = {51}, journal = {Journal of Industrial and Business Economics}, number = {3}, publisher = {Springer International Publishing}, address = {Cham}, issn = {0391-2078}, doi = {10.1007/s40812-023-00290-0}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:101:1-2404230751262.890082163248}, pages = {691 -- 724}, year = {2024}, abstract = {This paper examines the integration of highly skilled migrants into organizations. Whereas prior research has mainly focused on macro-economic and macro-political analysis, little is known about the dynamic process of organizational level integration. Applying Strauss' theory of social worlds and the concept of multiple cultures, we dismantle the boundaries of an organization describing the integration processes of migrants from the perspective of different social worlds that intersect an organization. We use social worlds which form around a core activity or context of action to describe different levels of cultures within an organization. Via multifaceted identification with these multiple cultures, we suggest that person-organization interaction and mutual intercultural learning processes with colleagues result in organizations conveying values, norms, behavior, language and social contacts that prove valuable and integrative, especially to newcomers. Based on three qualitative case studies in German SMEs, migrants' experiences during the integration process show the central role organizations play inhibiting previously overlooked multi-cultural social worlds which lead not only to their organizational integration, but to societal integration as well. Organizations thus contribute to different forms of integration. Consequently, this paper extends traditional integration perspectives at the national or transnational level of analysis by differentiating into multiple cultures that provide integrative knowledge both internally and beyond the organization. In particular, interaction with colleagues as socialization agents leads to integration. Theory and practice should draw conclusions from this to consider integration as a multilayered opportunity.}, language = {en} } @article{KreuzerLongRobbiano2024, author = {Kreuzer, Martin and Long, Le Ngoc and Robbiano, Lorenzo}, title = {Re-embeddings of affine algebras via Gr{\"o}bner fans of linear ideals}, series = {Beitr{\"a}ge zur Algebra und Geometrie / Contributions to Algebra and Geometry}, volume = {65}, journal = {Beitr{\"a}ge zur Algebra und Geometrie / Contributions to Algebra and Geometry}, number = {4}, publisher = {Springer Berlin Heidelberg}, address = {Berlin/Heidelberg}, issn = {0138-4821}, doi = {10.1007/s13366-024-00733-2}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:101:1-2024041316352253862922}, pages = {827 -- 851}, year = {2024}, abstract = {Given an affine algebra R=K[x1,⋯,xn]/Iover a field  K , where I is an ideal in the polynomial ring P=K[x1,⋯,xn], we examine the task of effectively calculating re-embeddings of  I , i.e., of presentations R=P′/I′such that P′=K[y1,⋯,ym]has fewer indeterminates. For cases when the number of indeterminates  n is large and Gr{\"o}bner basis computations are infeasible, we have introduced the method of Z -separating re-embeddings in Kreuzer et al. (J Algebra Appl 21, 2022) and Kreuzer, et al. (S{\~a}o Paulo J Math Sci, 2022). This method tries to detect polynomials of a special shape in  I which allow us to eliminate the indeterminates in the tuple  Z by a simple substitution process. Here we improve this approach by showing that suitable candidate tuples  Z can be found using the Gr{\"o}bner fan of the linear part of  I . Then we describe a method to compute the Gr{\"o}bner fan of a linear ideal, and we improve this computation in the case of binomial linear ideals using a cotangent equivalence relation. Finally, we apply the improved technique in the case of the defining ideals of border basis schemes.}, language = {en} } @article{Kaiser2024, author = {Kaiser, Tobias}, title = {Periods, power series, and integrated algebraic numbers}, series = {Mathematische Annalen}, volume = {390}, journal = {Mathematische Annalen}, number = {2}, publisher = {Springer Berlin Heidelberg}, address = {Berlin/Heidelberg}, issn = {0025-5831}, doi = {10.1007/s00208-024-02802-2}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:101:1-2024040910285674698609}, pages = {2043 -- 2074}, year = {2024}, abstract = {Periods are defined as integrals of semialgebraic functions defined over the rationals. Periods form a countable ring not much is known about. Examples are given by taking the antiderivative of a power series which is algebraic over the polynomial ring over the rationals and evaluate it at a rational number. We follow this path and close these algebraic power series under taking iterated antiderivatives and nearby algebraic and geometric operations. We obtain a system of rings of power series whose coefficients form a countable real closed field. Using techniques from o-minimality we are able to show that every period belongs to this field. In the setting of o-minimality we define exponential integrated algebraic numbers and show that exponential periods and the Euler constant is an exponential integrated algebraic number. Hence they are a good candiate for a natural number system extending the period ring and containing important mathematical constants.}, language = {en} } @article{ProchnoRudolf2024, author = {Prochno, Joscha and Rudolf, Daniel}, title = {The minimal spherical dispersion}, series = {The Journal of Geometric Analysis}, volume = {34}, journal = {The Journal of Geometric Analysis}, number = {3}, publisher = {Springer US}, address = {New York}, issn = {1050-6926}, doi = {10.1007/s12220-023-01527-z}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:101:1-2405020842543.936733306281}, pages = {14 Seiten}, year = {2024}, abstract = {We prove upper and lower bounds on the minimal spherical dispersion, improving upon previous estimates obtained by Rote and Tichy in (Anz {\"O}sterreich Akad Wiss Math Nat Kl 132:3-10, 1995). In particular, we see that the inverse N(ε,d)of the minimal spherical dispersion is, for fixed ε>0, linear in the dimension d of the ambient space. We also derive upper and lower bounds on the expected dispersion for points chosen independently and uniformly at random from the Euclidean unit sphere. In terms of the corresponding inverse N~(ε,d), our bounds are optimal with respect to the dependence on ε.}, language = {en} } @article{Narh2024, author = {Narh, John}, title = {Progress, challenges and prospects of the modified Taungya system in Ghana}, series = {Agroforestry Systems}, volume = {98}, journal = {Agroforestry Systems}, number = {3}, publisher = {Springer Netherlands}, address = {Dordrecht}, issn = {0167-4366}, doi = {10.1007/s10457-023-00947-8}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:101:1-2405100928309.284032809350}, pages = {767 -- 782}, year = {2024}, abstract = {Forest landscape restoration through agroforestry has been implemented as a Nature-based Solution to deforestation in the Global South with varied outcomes. The Modified Taungya System (MTS) is one of such programmes introduced in Ghana to address socio-economically-induced degradation of forest reserves. For two decades since its establishment, there has not been any examination of  a synthesised findings on the MTS and their implication for the prospects of the programme. Using the PRISMA method to select empirical studies, this article examines the state of reforestation under the MTS by reflecting on the conditions of success and failures of the programme. In doing so, two interrelated arguments are advanced. First, the MTS seems to be successful when farmers are well-educated about the programme and their future benefits in the reserves that they enrich. Second, the MTS has largely failed to achieve its full potentials for forest recovery due to bribery, corruption and nepotism that have bedevilled land demarcation to, and delays in signing benefit sharing agreement with, farmers. There is a need for a thorough sensitisation on the MTS to enhance its transparency. Besides, the MTS needs to be remodified if it would be one of the strategies to contribute to the Bonn Challenge and for a durable climate mitigation.}, language = {en} } @article{Wiedel2024, author = {Wiedel, Fabian}, title = {Ehrlich, Gianna Luisa; Der konsumentenbasierte Markenwert von Nachrichtenmedien : Muster der Genese und Wirkung von starken Medienmarken.}, series = {Publizistik}, volume = {69}, journal = {Publizistik}, number = {1}, publisher = {Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden}, address = {Wiesbaden}, issn = {0033-4006}, doi = {10.1007/s11616-023-00824-5}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:101:1-2405150806439.614902039284}, pages = {95 -- 97}, year = {2024}, language = {de} } @article{Wolff2024, author = {Wolff, Hannes}, title = {Patentability of brain organoids derived from iPSC : a legal evaluation with interdisciplinary aspects}, series = {Neuroethics}, volume = {17}, journal = {Neuroethics}, number = {1}, publisher = {Springer Netherlands}, address = {Dordrecht}, issn = {1874-5490}, doi = {10.1007/s12152-023-09541-2}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:101:1-2024033111323821449698}, pages = {15 Seiten}, year = {2024}, abstract = {Brain Organoids in their current state of development are patentable. Future brain organoids may face some challenges in this regard, which I address in this contribution. Brain organoids unproblematically fulfil the general prerequisites of patentability set forth in Art. 3 (1) EU-Directive 98/44/EC (invention, novelty, inventive step and susceptibility of industrial application). Patentability is excluded if an invention makes use of human embryos or constitutes a stage of the human body in the individual phases of its formation and development. Both do not apply to brain organoids, unless ES-cells are used. Art. 6 (1) EU-Directive 98/44/EC excludes patentability for inventions "the commercial exploitation of which would be contrary to ordre public or morality". While there is no conceivable scenario, in which the commercial application of current brain organoids violates the ordre public , the same is not necessarily true for future brain organoids. Keeping in mind that a development of consciousness-like abilities in future brain organoids cannot be excluded and that an ability for both physical and psychological suffering has been theorized, both of which are aspects of the ordre public , certain applications of future brain organoids may constitute a violation of the ordre public and therefore lead to an exclusion of patentability.}, language = {en} } @article{FriedlaenderMueller2024, author = {Friedlaender, Tobias and M{\"u}ller, Anna-Lisa}, title = {Grenzregionen in der COVID-19-Pandemie : wie der „Grenzschock" die Oberrheinregion ver{\"a}nderte}, series = {Standort}, volume = {48}, journal = {Standort}, number = {4}, publisher = {Springer Berlin Heidelberg}, address = {Berlin/Heidelberg}, issn = {0174-3635}, doi = {10.1007/s00548-023-00900-y}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:101:1-2024041011254221061098}, pages = {302 -- 311}, year = {2024}, abstract = {Am Beispiel der trinationalen Oberrheinregion geht dieser Artikel der Frage nach, auf welche Weise sich die im Zuge der COVID-19-Pandemie im Jahr 2020 vollzogenen Grenzschließungen und die damit verbundenen Grenzerfahrungen auf die grenz{\"u}berschreitenden Beziehungen von lokalen Akteur*innen in Politik, Wirtschaft und Gesellschaft ausgewirkt haben. Anhand qualitativer Interviewdaten zeigen wir, wie dieser pandemiebedingte „Grenzschock" aufgenommen und der grenz{\"u}berschreitende politische und soziale Zusammenhalt auf die Probe gestellt wurde, wie aber auch die Zusammenarbeit nach einer Zeit der Irritation an die neue Situation angepasst werden konnte. Dabei befand sich die grenz{\"u}berschreitende Zusammenarbeit in dieser Zeit in einem Spannungsfeld zwischen politisch-administrativen Vorgaben der jeweiligen nationalen Zentren und den lokal spezifischen Anforderungen einer peripher gelegenen Grenzregion. Die Daten zeigen, dass die Akteur*innen in der Oberrheinregion bei der {\"U}berwindung dieses „Grenzschocks" auf langj{\"a}hrig etablierte Strukturen und Erfahrungen in der grenz{\"u}berschreitenden Zusammenarbeit zur{\"u}ckgreifen konnten. Die Erfahrungen w{\"a}hrend der Pandemie sorgten dabei zudem f{\"u}r neue Impulse f{\"u}r die grenz{\"u}berschreitende Zusammenarbeit in der Oberrheinregion und st{\"a}rkten den politischen Willen daf{\"u}r auf verschiedenen Ebenen. Damit leistet der Artikel einen explorativen Beitrag zu den Auswirkungen der COVID-19-Pandemie auf Grenzregionen.}, language = {de} } @article{KlingToepflJuergens2024, author = {Kling, Julia and T{\"o}pfl, Florian and J{\"u}rgens, Pascal}, title = {Entertainment interspersed with propaganda : how non-legacy-news accounts deliver explicitly political content to mass audiences on Russia's most popular social network VK}, series = {Information, Communication \& Society (Online ISSN: 1468-4462)}, volume = {28}, journal = {Information, Communication \& Society (Online ISSN: 1468-4462)}, number = {7}, publisher = {Taylor \& Francis}, address = {London}, doi = {10.1080/1369118X.2024.2420029}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:739-opus4-18562}, pages = {1252 -- 1269}, year = {2024}, abstract = {Previous research on political communication on Russia's most popular social network VK has concluded that most users avoid news by not following legacy-news accounts. In this study, we expand the universe of scrutinized accounts with the most-followed non-legacy-news accounts (>100,000 followers) that regularly publish what we theorize to be 'explicitly political content' (EPC; N = 355). We delineate a typology of six types of EPC accounts, calculate their aggregate follower counts, and determine how many of them were still (1) accessible from Russia and (2) publishing Kremlin-critical content in October 2022. Our findings indicate that non-critical accounts attracted 26 times more followers than Kremlin-critical accounts. Entertainment-focused EPC accounts had seven times more followers than legacy-news accounts. As a result, they became the primary means through which non-critical EPC reached news-avoidant mass audiences. We identify three dimensions through which autocrats can interweave propaganda and entertainment and highlight promising research paths.}, language = {en} } @article{Reinhardt2024, author = {Reinhardt, Karoline}, title = {Die Grenzen der Pflicht und die Grenzen der Supererogation}, series = {Zeitschrift f{\"u}r Ethik und Moralphilosophie}, volume = {7}, journal = {Zeitschrift f{\"u}r Ethik und Moralphilosophie}, number = {1}, publisher = {Springer Berlin Heidelberg}, address = {Berlin/Heidelberg}, issn = {2522-0071}, doi = {10.1007/s42048-023-00165-y}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:101:1-2024032621292861050353}, pages = {215 -- 235}, year = {2024}, abstract = {Wozu sind wir verpflichtet - und was geht gegebenenfalls dar{\"u}ber hinaus? Das ist eine der Grundfragen der Supererogationsdebatte. Welchen Grenzen unterliegt unsere Pflichterf{\"u}llung? Welche Handlungen m{\"u}ssen wir als (moralisch) außergew{\"o}hnlich betrachten? Seit der Ver{\"o}ffentlichung von James O. Urmsons Aufsatz „Saints and Heroes" im Jahr 1958 gibt es eine rege Debatte um Fragen der Definition, der Rechtfertigung und der m{\"o}glichen Anwendung der Kategorie der Supererogation auf konkrete moralische Probleme. Eine der Kerneinsichten feministischer Philosophie aber, dass hinsichtlich der Frage, welche Handlungen wir als Pflicht oder als dar{\"u}berhinausgehend betrachten, keine ‚Genderneutralit{\"a}t' herrscht, hat innerhalb der Supererogationsdebatte wenig Aufmerksamkeit erfahren: Es fehlt bislang eine systematische Untersuchung, welche Implikationen dieser Befund f{\"u}r die Kategorie der Supererogation hat. Insbesondere bei den Zuschreibungen von Heldenhaftigkeit und Heiligkeit, die Urmson zu den paradigmatischen F{\"a}llen von Supererogation z{\"a}hlt, ist der Einfluss von Genderrollen besonders auff{\"a}llig und bedarf einer genaueren Analyse. Diese Beobachtung nimmt der Beitrag zum Ausgangspunkt, um zu zeigen, dass in der Supererogationsdebatte verwendete Beispiele oft mit (impliziten) Annahmen dar{\"u}ber verwoben sind, wer die Akteur:innen sind, die diese Handlungen vollf{\"u}hren - und dass diese Annahmen in hohem Maße an konventionelle und stereotype Geschlechterrollen gebunden sind. Dar{\"u}ber hinaus werden in dieser Debatte die Leistungen von Frauen* im Besonderen oft naturalisiert und marginalisiert. Schließlich ist die Kategorie der Supererogation bis heute h{\"a}ufig mit normierenden Vorstellungen dar{\"u}ber verbunden, was von jemandem erwartet werden kann und was nicht. Ich werde ausgehend von Urmsons einschl{\"a}gigem Aufsatz eine feministische Analyse der verwendeten Beispiele vornehmen und deren Implikationen f{\"u}r die Kategorie der Supererogation herausarbeiten.}, subject = {Ethik}, language = {de} } @article{Kaiser2023, author = {Kaiser, Tobias}, title = {Growth of log-analytic functions}, series = {Archiv der Mathematik}, volume = {120}, journal = {Archiv der Mathematik}, number = {6}, publisher = {Springer Nature}, address = {Berlin}, doi = {10.1007/s00013-023-01857-y}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:101:1-2023091614564557203657}, pages = {605 -- 614}, year = {2023}, abstract = {We show that unary log-analytic functions are polynomially bounded. In the higher dimensional case, globally a log-analytic function can have exponential growth. We show that a log-analytic function is polynomially bounded on a definable set which contains the germ of every ray at infinity.}, language = {en} } @article{StrunkStrich2023, author = {Strunk, Kim Simon and Strich, Franz}, title = {Building professional holding environments for crowd work job crafting through online communities}, series = {Information Systems Journal}, volume = {33}, journal = {Information Systems Journal}, publisher = {Wiley}, address = {Hoboken}, doi = {10.1111/isj.12451}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:739-opus4-16315}, pages = {1239 -- 1274}, year = {2023}, abstract = {Work is increasingly being organised via online platforms outside guiding organisational structures. Instead of having colleagues at work, crowd workers connect in online communities. We investigate how crowd workers build professional holding environments in online communities to compensate for the lack of organisational structures and we consider how they craft their crowd work activities to enhance their work experience and reduce its long-term precarity. Following a qualitative research design, this paper uses 675 forum interactions collected across six online communities. Based on our findings, we propose the concept of professional holding environments and provide a model for building such holding environments and job crafting in online communities. We thereby expand previous research on holding environments comprised of family members and friends by revealing the impact of professional online communities and their role in professionalisation and crafting supportive social structures in online crowd work.}, language = {en} } @article{FruehwirthProchno2023, author = {Fr{\"u}hwirth, Lorenz and Prochno, Joscha}, title = {H{\"o}lder's inequality and its reverse — a probabilistic point of view}, series = {Mathematische Nachrichten}, volume = {296}, journal = {Mathematische Nachrichten}, number = {12}, publisher = {Wiley}, address = {Hoboken}, doi = {10.1002/mana.202200411}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:101:1-2023062315175042989607}, pages = {5493 -- 5512}, year = {2023}, abstract = {In this article, we take a probabilistic look at H{\"o}lder's inequality, considering the ratio of terms in the classical H{\"o}lder inequality for random vectors in ℝ𝑛. We prove a central limit theorem for this ratio, which then allows us to reverse the inequality up to a multiplicative constant with high probability. The models of randomness include the uniform distribution on 𝓁𝑛𝑝 balls and spheres. We also provide a Berry-Esseen-type result and prove a large and a moderate deviation principle for the suitably normalized H{\"o}lder ratio.}, language = {en} } @article{Schwartz2023, author = {Schwartz, Niels}, title = {Topology of closure systems in algebraic lattices}, series = {Algebra universalis}, volume = {84}, journal = {Algebra universalis}, number = {2}, publisher = {Springer Nature}, address = {Berlin}, doi = {10.1007/s00012-023-00815-7}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:101:1-2023090808111682406614}, pages = {1 -- 33}, year = {2023}, abstract = {Algebraic lattices are spectral spaces for the coarse lower topology. Closure systems in algebraic lattices are studied as subspaces. Connections between order theoretic properties of a closure system and topological properties of the subspace are explored. A closure system is algebraic if and only if it is a patch closed subset of the ambient algebraic lattice. Every subset X in an algebraic lattice P generates a closure system〈X〉P . The closure system〈Y 〉P generated by the patch closure Y of X is the patch closure of〈X〉P. If X is contained in the set of nontrivial prime elements of P then〈X〉P is a frame and is a coherent algebraic frame if X is patch closed in P. Conversely, if the algebraic lattice P is coherent then its set of nontrivial prime elements is patch closed.}, language = {en} } @article{PiwoniMussotter2023, author = {Piwoni, Eunike and Mußotter, Marlene}, title = {The evolution of the civic-ethnic distinction as a partial success story: Lessons for the nationalism-patriotism distinction}, series = {Nations and Nationalism}, volume = {29}, journal = {Nations and Nationalism}, number = {3}, publisher = {Wiley}, address = {Hoboken}, doi = {10.1111/nana.12944}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:739-opus4-16266}, pages = {906 -- 921}, year = {2023}, abstract = {This article brings, for the first time, two of the most pivotal distinctions in nationalism studies into extended dialogue: the civic-ethnic distinction (CED) and the nationalism-patriotism distinction (NPD). By reviewing both the evolution of those distinctions over the previous decades and the ways in which they have been used in quantitative empirical research, we argue that the CED's evolution has been a partial success story, whereas discourse around the NPD has not seen substantial development. Despite lingering inconsistencies, researchers drawing on the CED have been successful in addressing different lines of critique and in using the CED as a heuristic for investigating notions of nationhood as expressed in public perceptions. In contrast, there has been only limited dialogue between theoretical and empirical approaches to the NPD. The article illustrates how research drawing on the NPD could profit from the CED's evolution. We close by providing a conceptual roadmap to guide the path towards more terminological clarity and to construct more theoretically robust measures for nationalism and patriotism. We specifically suggest that nationalism and patriotism should be consistently understood as ideal types that citizens can simultaneously hold to varying degrees.}, language = {en} } @article{UrhahneWijnia2023, author = {Urhahne, Detlef and Wijnia, Lisette}, title = {Theories of Motivation in Education: an Integrative Framework}, series = {Educational Psychology Review}, volume = {35}, journal = {Educational Psychology Review}, number = {2}, publisher = {Springer Nature}, address = {Berlin}, doi = {10.1007/s10648-023-09767-9}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:101:1-2023092911454443208560}, pages = {1 -- 35}, year = {2023}, abstract = {Several major theories have been established in research on motivation in education to describe, explain, and predict the direction, initiation, intensity, and persistence of learning behaviors. The most commonly cited theories of academic motivation include expectancy-value theory, social cognitive theory, self-determination theory, interest theory, achievement goal theory, and attribution theory. To gain a deeper understanding of the similarities and differences among these prominent theories, we present an integrative framework based on an action model (Heckhausen \& Heckhausen, 2018). The basic model is deliberately parsimonious, consisting of six stages of action: the situation, the self, the goal, the action, the outcome, and the consequences. Motivational constructs from each major theory are related to these determinants in the course of action, mainly revealing differences and to a lesser extent commonalities. In the integrative model, learning outcomes represent a typical indicator of goal-directed behavior. Associated recent meta-analyses demonstrate the empirical relationship between the motivational constructs of the six central theories and academic achievement. They provide evidence for the explanatory value of each theory for students' learning.}, language = {en} } @article{Sommer2023, author = {Sommer, Tim}, title = {Romantic objects, Victorian collections : scribal relics and the authorial body}, series = {Literature Compass}, volume = {21}, journal = {Literature Compass}, number = {1-3}, publisher = {Wiley}, address = {Hoboken}, doi = {10.1111/lic3.12703}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:739-opus4-16248}, pages = {10 Seiten}, year = {2023}, abstract = {Over the course of the nineteenth century, literary manuscripts came to be seen as tangible evidence of the creative process and as a key to the personality of the author. The material traces of writing were understood to outlive their creators and promise to resurrect the authorial body through the magic of the relic. This article reconstructs how authorial script gradually transformed into a collectible object pursued as a memento and a commodity. Letters, drafts, and fair copies by major modern writers found their way into the collections of British aristocrats and American industrialists at the same time that hunting for literary autographs diversified into a middle-class pursuit. Surveying recent scholarship on nineteenth-century collecting and material culture, the essay offers a condensed cultural history of the literary manuscript as a collectible and draws attention to how collectors and collecting feature in fictional texts of the period. It focuses on the artefactual mobility and custodial afterlives of Romantic papers in Victorian literature and culture, exploring a form of collecting which crossed boundaries between periods and national literary traditions.}, language = {en} } @article{ErtelDonigEckletal.2023, author = {Ertel, Florence and Donig, Simon and Eckl, Markus and Gassner, Sebastian and G{\"o}ler, Daniel and Rehbein, Malte}, title = {Using web archives for an explorative study of the web presence of German parties during the European election 2019}, series = {Quality \& Quantity}, volume = {58}, journal = {Quality \& Quantity}, number = {1}, publisher = {Springer Nature}, address = {Berlin}, doi = {10.1007/s11135-023-01654-3}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:101:1-2023082609050515725791}, pages = {603 -- 625}, year = {2023}, abstract = {In the digital age, political science is faced with a shift of election campaigns and politi- cal discourse to digital or virtual arenas. Because the internet is a highly volatile medium and online content can become inaccessible after the campaign season, new challenges for research arise as well as the need for the preservation of online content. Moreover, the sheer volume of data researchers have to deal with has reached levels where traditional methods are being highly challenged. This paper puts forth a web harvesting workflow with a strong focus on granular extraction of unstructured information (publication dates) for automated analysis. As our approach is methodological, we would like to point out the benefits that researches in political science may draw from adapting our methodology. We demonstrate this by analysing an event-based web crawl of German parties participating in the election campaign for the European Parliamentary Election in 2019. We employ distant reading methods to generate topic models, which are subsequently evaluated by hermeneutic analysis of a subset of the data.}, language = {en} } @article{Henkel2023, author = {Henkel, Anna}, title = {Nachhaltige Digitalisierung. Gesellschaftliche Transformation, autonome Materialit{\"a}t und der Fall des Digital Farming}, series = {Berliner Journal f{\"u}r Soziologie}, volume = {33}, journal = {Berliner Journal f{\"u}r Soziologie}, number = {3}, publisher = {Springer Nature}, address = {Berlin}, doi = {10.1007/s11609-023-00500-5}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:101:1-2024010810053745746335}, pages = {289 -- 318}, year = {2023}, abstract = {Nachhaltigkeit und Digitalisierung sind zwei Tendenzen gesellschaftlichen Wandels, die in verschiedene Richtungen weisen. Nachhaltigkeit wird als angestrebte, jedoch im Ergebnis unzureichend bleibende Ver{\"a}nderung gesehen, w{\"a}hrend Digitalisierung - erw{\"u}nscht oder auch nicht - schlicht erfolgt. Diese Diskrepanz zu untersuchen, ist eine Herausforderung auch f{\"u}r die soziologische Theorie. Nachdem Nachhaltigkeit und Digitalisierung bislang meist unabh{\"a}ngig voneinander in den Blick genommen wurden, erlaubt eine materialit{\"a}tstheoretisch erweiterte Gesellschaftstheorie ein soziologisches Zusammendenken und eine Erkl{\"a}rung f{\"u}r die Unterschiedlichkeit der Dynamiken gesellschaftlichen Wandels: In der spezifischen, n{\"a}mlich autonomen Materialit{\"a}t der modernen Gesellschaft ist Digitalisierung bereits angelegt, w{\"a}hrend eine nachhaltige Entwicklung eine Transformation dieser Materialit{\"a}t selbst erfordert. Am Fallbeispiel des Digital Farming wird diese These n{\"a}her ausgef{\"u}hrt. Den Abschluss des Beitrags bilden {\"U}berlegungen zu Herausforderungen, Bedingungen und M{\"o}glichkeiten einer nachhaltigen Digitalisierung.}, language = {de} } @article{KaeglerSchreiner2023, author = {K{\"a}gler, Britta and Schreiner, Eva-Maria}, title = {Women, opera and the public stage in eighteenth-century Venice : Fondazione Levi, Venice, 23-24 May 2022}, series = {Eighteenth-Century Music}, volume = {20}, journal = {Eighteenth-Century Music}, number = {1}, publisher = {Cambridge University Press}, address = {Cambridge}, doi = {10.1017/S147857062200029X}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:739-opus4-16410}, pages = {116 -- 119}, year = {2023}, language = {en} } @article{Rensmann2023, author = {Rensmann, Lars}, title = {Illusions of sovereignty : understanding populist crowds with Hannah Arendt}, series = {The Review of Politics}, volume = {85}, journal = {The Review of Politics}, number = {4}, publisher = {Cambridge University Press}, address = {Cambridge}, doi = {10.1017/S0034670523000232}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:739-opus4-16400}, pages = {450 -- 473}, year = {2023}, abstract = {This article reconstructs Hannah Arendt's theoretical arguments in relation to current authoritarian-populist crowds, which can be understood as organized mobs of the twenty-first century. Drawn from all classes and originating in societal and political disenfranchisement, in Arendt's understanding they are rebellious nihilists who falsely believe they represent the people as a whole while they exclude any citizens who do not share their tribal nationalism and leader worshiping. Illuminating conditions of their emergence, Arendt also helps to elucidate what drives the populist crowds' illusions about an uncompromising "sovereign will" they and their leaders claim to embody. Such illusions benefit from broader modern trends eroding differences between facts, opinion, truth, and lies. In public environments suffering from destabilized factual truths, organized lies can easily fill a political vacuum generated by crises of political modernity. Unpacking interrelated theoretical trajectories, it is argued that an Arendtian framework can significantly contribute to the study of present-day authoritarian populism.}, language = {en} } @article{FelfeliStahl2023, author = {Felfeli, Anna and Stahl, Bernhard}, title = {Mutual desecuritization as a model of d{\´e}tente? Foreign policy change in the US-Cuban dyad}, series = {Zeitschrift f{\"u}r Friedens- und Konfliktforschung}, volume = {12}, journal = {Zeitschrift f{\"u}r Friedens- und Konfliktforschung}, number = {1}, publisher = {Springer Nature}, address = {Berlin}, doi = {10.1007/s42597-023-00104-z}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:101:1-2023110610482836615655}, pages = {59 -- 86}, year = {2023}, abstract = {In foreign policy dyads characterized by enmity, mutual desecuritization can serve as a crucial asset for d{\´e}tente. But how does "the way out of the emergency mode" function, considering mutual securitizations over decades? Embarking from theoretical insights provided by second generation scholars on securitization and desecuritization studies, the authors generate a theory-based model of d{\´e}tente for dyads. This analytical tool contributes to the study of the dissolution of historically grown, mutual (re-)securitization processes in interstate relations. By clarifying the impact and functioning of the four desecuritizing modes (replacement, silencing, change through stabilization, and rearticulation), our model allows us to trace dynamics of change and assess the sustainability of d{\´e}tente. Especially mutual desecuritization as rearticulation has the potential to substantially change the self-other relation with effects on the social structure of a foreign policy dyad. The heuristic case study of US-Cuban relations serves as a prime example of a complex dyad of enmity which became a subject of change due to the Obama-Castro diplomacy in 2014. The study on US-Cuban foreign policy issues before and after 2014 helps to sharpen our understanding of dynamic securitization and desecuritization processes. The overall analysis demonstrates that the modes of desecuritization during the Obama-Castro diplomacy lifted the process of d{\´e}tente to a new and unprecedented level.}, language = {en} } @article{Thir2023, author = {Thir, Veronika}, title = {Co-text, context, and listening proficiency as crucial variables in intelligibility among nonnative users of English}, series = {Studies in Second Language Acquisition}, volume = {45}, journal = {Studies in Second Language Acquisition}, number = {5}, publisher = {Cambridge University Press}, address = {Cambridge}, doi = {10.1017/S0272263123000207}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:739-opus4-16374}, pages = {1210 -- 1231}, year = {2023}, abstract = {Research on intelligibility in international encounters has long focused on issues of pronunciation to the detriment of factors such as linguistic co-text and extralinguistic context, which are comparatively well-studied variables in intelligibility research concerning L1 listeners. This paper seeks to expand the scope of international intelligibility research in this respect by reporting on a large-scale study involving 423 nonnative listeners at different proficiency levels, who transcribed words spoken with another nonnative accent under four conditions that varied in the availability of syntactic, semantic, and schematic cues. The results suggest that co-text and context as well as listening proficiency are crucial variables that ought to receive greater attention in research on international intelligibility. The pedagogical implications of these findings are addressed as well.}, language = {en} } @article{HeviaFajardoSudholt2023, author = {Hevia Fajardo, Mario Alejandro and Sudholt, Dirk}, title = {Self-adjusting Population Sizes for Non-elitist Evolutionary Algorithms: why Success Rates Matter}, series = {Algorithmica}, volume = {86}, journal = {Algorithmica}, number = {2}, publisher = {Springer Nature}, address = {Berlin}, doi = {10.1007/s00453-023-01153-9}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:101:1-2023102616463077837436}, pages = {526 -- 565}, year = {2023}, abstract = {Evolutionary algorithms (EAs) are general-purpose optimisers that come with several parameters like the sizes of parent and offspring populations or the mutation rate. It is well known that the performance of EAs may depend drastically on these parameters. Recent theoretical studies have shown that self-adjusting parameter control mechanisms that tune parameters during the algorithm run can provably outperform the best static parameters in EAs on discrete problems. However, the majority of these studies concerned elitist EAs and we do not have a clear answer on whether the same mechanisms can be applied for non-elitist EAs. We study one of the best-known parameter control mechanisms, the one-fifth success rule, to control the offspring population size λ in the non-elitist (1, λ) EA. It is known that the (1, λ) EA has a sharp threshold with respect to the choice of λ where the expected runtime on the benchmark function OneMax changes from polynomial to exponential time. Hence, it is not clear whether parameter control mechanisms are able to find and maintain suitable values of λ. For OneMax we show that the answer crucially depends on the success rates (i. e. a one-(s + 1)-th success rule). We prove that, if the success rate is appropriately small, the self-adjusting (1, λ) EA optimises OneMax in O(n) expected generations and O(n log n) expected evaluations, the best possible runtime for any unary unbiased black-box algorithm. A small success rate is crucial: we also show that if the success rate is too large, the algorithm has an exponential runtime on OneMax and other functions with similar characteristics.}, language = {en} } @article{Mussotter2023, author = {Mußotter, Marlene}, title = {On nation, homeland, and democracy: Toward a novel three-factor measurement model for nationalism and patriotism. Evidence from two representative studies}, series = {Political Psychology}, volume = {45}, journal = {Political Psychology}, number = {6}, publisher = {Wiley}, address = {Hoboken}, doi = {10.1111/pops.12945}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:739-opus4-16352}, pages = {903 -- 921}, year = {2023}, abstract = {This article calls for revisiting the predominant yet flawed nationalism-patriotism dichotomy, which has to date remained unchallenged. It advocates for a more nuanced triad: nationalism, exclusively referring to the nation; patriotism, revolving around the homeland; and democratic patriotism, with democracy as its object of attachment. This novel conceptual approach explicitly theorizes these three objects of attachment, which have hitherto rarely been considered. In so doing, the article synthesizes the field's predominant research traditions that have not been fully recognized as diverging nor been simultaneously investigated. By responding to calls for more theoretically robust measures, it not only makes a theoretical but also an empirical contribution to the field. Drawing on data from a representative sample (N = 1875) in Germany in 2022, the study introduces a three-factor measurement model of nationalism, patriotism, and democratic patriotism. Taking into account both the antecedents of the triad and its impact on outgroup hostility, the measures are further validated. To establish its applicability in non-German contexts, the model is additionally supported using data from a representative sample (N = 1164) in Denmark in 2022.}, language = {en} } @article{GaginBettermanndeMeer2023, author = {Gagin, Stepan and Bettermann, Michael and de Meer, Hermann}, title = {Multi-vector optimization scheme for distributed components in energy islands}, series = {e+i Elektrotechnik und Informationstechnik}, volume = {140}, journal = {e+i Elektrotechnik und Informationstechnik}, number = {5}, publisher = {Springer Nature}, address = {Berlin}, doi = {10.1007/s00502-023-01145-1}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:101:1-2023110413071966670578}, pages = {460 -- 470}, year = {2023}, abstract = {Recent advancements in energy systems, such as the emergence of prosumers and sector coupling approaches, introduce additional flexibilities over multiple energy sectors, such as heating, electricity, and mobility. Due to the complexity of such distributed systems, the optimization of energy allocation is a non-trivial task, especially considering constraints and limitations introduced by distributed devices or sub-systems. Additionally, the variety of devices forces approaches to be highly situational and not universally applicable. In this paper, a two-level optimization scheme is proposed, which aims at reducing the optimization complexity of sector-coupled systems. The multi-vector optimization embedded in the two-level optimization scheme is formulated as a mixed-integer linear problem, optimizing the energy flow between domains, which are modeled as an abstraction of a sector. Distributed devices are modeled as components that represent an abstraction of devices connected to an energy domain. The optimization process is evaluated based on the data from a residential complex in Ghent, Belgium. It shows that the approach is capable of minimizing costs, CO2 emissions, and dependency on external resources.}, language = {en} } @article{FinkForsterHeinrich2023, author = {Fink, Thomas and Forster, Brigitte and Heinrich, Florian}, title = {Gabor's "complex signal" revisited: Complexifying frames and bases}, series = {PAMM (Proceedings in Applied Mathematics and Mechanics)}, volume = {23}, journal = {PAMM (Proceedings in Applied Mathematics and Mechanics)}, number = {3}, publisher = {Wiley}, address = {Hoboken}, doi = {10.1002/pamm.202300155}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:101:1-2023091815015485698899}, pages = {8}, year = {2023}, abstract = {In 1946, Dennis Gabor introduced the analytic signal 𝑓 + 𝑖𝐻𝑓 for real-valued signals 𝑓. Here, 𝐻 is the Hilbert transform. This complexification of functions allows for an analysis of their amplitude and phase information and has ever since given well-interpretable insight into the properties of the signals over time. The idea of complexification has been reconsidered with regard to many aspects: examples are the dual tree complex wavelet transform, or via the Riesz transform and the monogenic signal, that is, a multi-dimensional version of the Hilbert transform, which in combination with multi-resolution approaches leads to Riesz wavelets, and others. In this context, we ask two questions: - Which pairs of real orthonormal bases (ONBs), Riesz bases, frames and Parseval frames {𝑓 𝑛 } 𝑛∈ℕ and {𝑔 𝑛 } 𝑛∈ℕ can be "rebricked" to complex-valued ones {𝑓𝑛 + 𝑖𝑔 𝑛 } 𝑛∈ℕ? - And which real operators A allow for rebricking via the ansatz {𝑓𝑛 + 𝑖𝐴𝑓𝑛 } 𝑛∈ℕ? In this short note, we give answers to these questions with regard to a characterization which linear operators A are suitable for rebricking while maintaining the structure of the original real valued family. Surprisingly, the Hilbert transform is not among them.}, language = {en} }