@article{KoestlerWolff2025, author = {K{\"o}stler, Verena and Wolff, Monika-Sybille}, title = {Promoting digital competencies in pre-service teachers : the impact of integrative learning opportunities}, series = {Education Sciences}, volume = {15 (2025)}, journal = {Education Sciences}, number = {3}, editor = {Sabitzer, Barbara and H{\"o}rmann, Corinna}, publisher = {MDPI}, address = {Basel}, issn = {2227-7102}, doi = {10.3390/educsci15030337}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:739-opus4-16854}, pages = {14 Seiten}, year = {2025}, abstract = {Offering learning opportunities for developing digital competencies in pre-service teacher education remains challenging despite its growing importance in preparing future educators. This study investigates the effectiveness of integrative learning opportunities, called "digitally enhanced courses", which combine subject-specific and digital learning objectives. Implemented at a German university (2019-2023). These courses aimed to promote digital competencies required for technology-supported teaching. Using survey data from 312 pre-service teachers, the research examined students' self-assessed digital competencies, technology acceptance, and value-cost assessments through multiple measurement instruments, including TPACK scales, the Technology Acceptance Model, and Expectancy-Value beliefs. Results revealed significantly higher self-assessed digital competencies in private contexts compared to teaching situations. While mere course participation showed no significant impact, both the frequency and number of attended courses positively correlated with higher self-assessed digital skills across all TPACK dimensions. Additionally, increased technology acceptance and higher success expectations were associated with enhanced teaching-related digital competencies. The findings emphasize that the effectiveness of digitally enhanced courses is contingent upon systematic implementation and student engagement, highlighting the need for structured curricular integration of digital competency development in teacher education through comprehensive, spiral-curriculum approaches rather than isolated interventions. However, this study's reliance on self-reported data may introduce social desirability and subjective estimation bias, and its cross-sectional design limits causal interpretations. Future research should employ longitudinal approaches to examine competency development over time, incorporate objective performance-based assessments, and explore how instructional design and curricular integration influence digital competency acquisition.}, language = {en} } @article{StockerAlshawishBoretal.2022, author = {Stocker, Armin and Alshawish, Ali and Bor, Martin and Vidler, John and Gouglidis, Antonios and Scott, Andrew and Marnerides, Angelos and De Meer, Hermann and Hutchison, David}, title = {An ICT architecture for enabling ancillary services in Distributed Renewable Energy Sources based on the SGAM framework}, series = {Energy Informatics (2520-8942)}, volume = {2022}, journal = {Energy Informatics (2520-8942)}, number = {5}, publisher = {Springer International Publishing}, address = {Berlin}, issn = {2520-8942}, doi = {10.1186/s42162-022-00189-5}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:101:1-2022071721175548518669}, pages = {28 Seiten}, year = {2022}, abstract = {Smart Grids are electrical grids that require a decentralised way of controlling electric power conditioning and thereby control the production and distribution of energy. Yet, the integration of Distributed Renewable Energy Sources (DRESs) in the Smart Grid introduces new challenges with regards to electrical grid balancing and storing of electrical energy, as well as additional monetary costs. Furthermore, the future smart grid also has to take over the provision of Ancillary Services (ASs). In this paper, a distributed ICT infrastructure to solve such challenges, specifically related to ASs in future Smart Grids, is described. The proposed infrastructure is developed on the basis of the Smart Grid Architecture Model (SGAM) framework, which is defined by the European Commission in Smart Grid Mandate M/490. A testbed that provides a flexible, secure, and low-cost version of this architecture, illustrating the separation of systems and responsibilities, and supporting both emulated DRESs and real hardware has been developed. The resulting system supports the integration of a variety of DRESs with a secure two-way communication channel between the monitoring and controlling components. It assists in the analysis of various inter-operabilities and in the verification of eventual system designs. To validate the system design, the mapping of the proposed architecture to the testbed is presented. Further work will help improve the architecture in two directions; first, by investigating specific-purpose use cases, instantiated using this more generic framework; and second, by investigating the effects a realistic number and variety of connected devices within different grid configurations has on the testbed infrastructure.}, language = {en} } @phdthesis{Danner2025, author = {Danner, Julian}, title = {SAT Solving Using XOR-OR-AND Normal Forms and Cryptographic Fault Attacks}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:739-opus4-19171}, school = {Universit{\"a}t Passau}, pages = {vi, 237 Seiten}, year = {2025}, abstract = {The Boolean satisfiability problem (SAT) lies at the core of computational logic and has found many applications in verification, cryptography, and artificial intelligence. While conflict-driven SAT solvers (CDCL) excel on large industrial instances, they struggle with XOR-rich instances arising frequently in cryptanalysis, due to the inefficiency of CNF encodings of linear constraints. Conversely, algebraic approaches can work with linear XOR constraints naturally but fail to scale to relevant sizes. Bridging these complementary paradigms with a focus on cryptographic problems is at the heart of this thesis. On one hand, this dissertation advances SAT solving by introducing the XOR-OR-AND normal form (XNF) as a generalization of the conjunctive normal form (CNF), where literals are replaced by XOR chains of literals. This allows for a native representation of XOR constraints. We generalize the CDCL architecture to the richer language of XNFs. The underlying reasoning based on the proof system SRES which is shown to be exponentially stronger than classical resolution. An implementation demonstrates competitive performance and often surpasses state-of-the-art algebraic and logic solvers on random and cryptographic benchmarks. Furthermore, we prove that every XNF formula can be converted in polynomial time to a formula in 2-XNF, enabling a graph-based approach similar to 2-SAT. Building on this, we propose advanced in- and pre-processing techniques, and construct a simple DPLL-based solving framework. Our implementation, 2-Xornado, outperforms modern algebraic and logic solving approaches on many random and some structured cryptographic problems. On the other hand, we apply combined algebraic and logical techniques to cryptanalysis of stream ciphers. We introduce a formal guess-and-determine (GD) framework using a logical abstraction of the information flow in the internal state. From an algebraic point of view, we can then find optimal GD attacks utilizing a Gr{\"o}bner basis. As a case study, we apply this method to aid in the construction of novel fault attacks on the ciphers KCipher-2 and Enocoro-128v2. Using ad hoc methods combining algebraic and logical approaches, we show that both ciphers are vulnerable to active side-channel attacks under rather weak fault models.}, language = {en} } @article{Hofstadler2025, author = {Hofstadler, Julian}, title = {Optimal convergence rates of MCMC integration for functions with unbounded second moment}, series = {Journal of Applied Probability}, volume = {62 (2025)}, journal = {Journal of Applied Probability}, number = {3}, publisher = {Cambridge University Press}, address = {Cambridge}, doi = {10.1017/jpr.2024.108}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:739-opus4-19310}, pages = {1069 -- 1075}, year = {2025}, abstract = {We study the Markov chain Monte Carlo estimator for numerical integration for func- tions that do not need to be square integrable with respect to the invariant distribution. For chains with a spectral gap we show that the absolute mean error for L^p functions, with p ∈ (1, 2), decreases like n^(1/p)-1 , which is known to be the optimal rate. This improves currently known results where an additional parameter δ > 0 appears and the convergence is of order n^((1+δ)/p)-1 .}, language = {en} } @article{ChenMuellerYokoyama2024, author = {Chen, Yijia and M{\"u}ller, Moritz and Yokoyama, Keita}, title = {A parameterized halting problem, Δ0 truth and the MRDP theorem}, series = {The Journal of Symbolic Logic (ISSN 1943-5886)}, volume = {90 (2025)}, journal = {The Journal of Symbolic Logic (ISSN 1943-5886)}, number = {2}, publisher = {Cambridge University Press}, address = {Cambridge}, issn = {1943-5886}, doi = {10.1017/jsl.2024.44}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:739-opus4-19308}, pages = {483 -- 508}, year = {2024}, abstract = {We study the parameterized complexity of the problem to decide whether a given natural number n satisfies a given Δ0-formula ϕ(x); the parameter is the size of ϕ. This parameterization focusses attention on instances where n is large compared to the size of ϕ.We show unconditionally that this problem does not belong to the parameterized analogue of AC0. From this we derive that certain natural upper bounds on the complexity of our parameterized problem imply certain separations of classical complexity classes. This connection is obtained via an analysis of a parameterized halting problem. Some of these upper bounds follow assuming that IΔ0 proves the MRDP theorem in a certain weak sense.}, language = {en} } @article{GishbolinerGlockSgueglia2025, author = {Gishboliner, Lior and Glock, Stefan and Sgueglia, Amedeo}, title = {Tight Hamilton cycles with high discrepancy}, series = {Combinatorics, Probability and Computing (1469-2163)}, volume = {34 (2025)}, journal = {Combinatorics, Probability and Computing (1469-2163)}, number = {4}, publisher = {Cambridge University Press}, address = {Cambridge}, issn = {1469-2163}, doi = {10.1017/S0963548325000057}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:739-opus4-19166}, pages = {565 -- 584}, year = {2025}, abstract = {In this paper, we study discrepancy questions for spanning subgraphs of k-uniform hypergraphs. Our main result is that, for any integers k ≥ 3 and r ≥ 2, any r-colouring of the edges of a k-uniform n-vertex hypergraph G with minimum (k-1)-degree δ(G) ≥ (1/2+o(1))n contains a tight Hamilton cycle with high discrepancy, that is, with at least n/r +� (n) edges of one colour. The minimum degree condition is asymptotically best possible and our theorem also implies a corresponding result for perfect matchings. Our tools combine various structural techniques such as Tur{\´a}n-type problems and hypergraph shadows with probabilistic techniques such as random walks and the nibble method. We also propose several intriguing problems for future research.}, language = {en} } @phdthesis{Hagen2025, author = {Hagen, Pamina}, title = {The 2008 Beijing Olympic Games as a City and Nation Branding Tool: An Interdisciplinary Analysis of the Image of International Opinion Leaders}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:739-opus4-19052}, school = {Universit{\"a}t Passau}, pages = {339 Seiten}, year = {2025}, abstract = {This dissertation examines the 2008 Beijing Olympic Games as a tool of city and nation branding, analyzing their role within China's broader soft power strategy and their impact on international perceptions of Beijing and China. Drawing from urban geography, political geography, international relations, and marketing theory, the study explores how mega-events contribute to the construction of national identity and global image. Using a mixed-methods approach, the research combines qualitative interviews with 16 international diplomats in Beijing and an online survey of 40 foreign journalists who lived and worked in China during the Olympiad. The analysis focuses on two dimensions of image: the city of Beijing and the nation of China. The findings indicate that the 2008 Summer Olympic Games did not fundamentally alter China's international image. While the event successfully projected an image of modernization, efficiency, and confidence, pre-existing concerns about political control and human rights persisted. For Beijing, the Olympics enhanced its visibility as a global city but also highlighted tensions between its traditional identity and its modern aspirations. The media's framing played a decisive role in shaping these perceptions. Overall, the study concludes that the Beijing Olympics functioned as a significant yet limited instrument of soft power. They reinforced China's global presence and urban development goals but fell short of transforming its international reputation. The research contributes to understanding how mega-events operate as strategic tools of geopolitical communication and branding in the context of globalization.}, language = {en} } @article{RehbeinEscobariFischeretal.2025, author = {Rehbein, Malte and Escobari, Belen and Fischer, Sarah and G{\"u}ntsch, Anton and Haas, Bettina and Matheisen, Giada and Perschl, Tobias and Wieshuber, Alois and Engel, Thore}, title = {Quantitative and qualitative data on historical vertebrate distributions in Bavaria 1845}, series = {scientific data}, volume = {2025}, journal = {scientific data}, publisher = {Springer Nature}, address = {Berlin}, doi = {10.1038/s41597-025-04846-8}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:101:1-2506092137360.319993244702}, pages = {13 Seiten}, year = {2025}, abstract = {Archival collections contain an underutilized wealth of biodiversity data, encapsulated in government files and other historical documents. In 1845, the Bavarian government conducted a comprehensive national survey on the occurrence of 44 selected vertebrate species across the country. The detailed expert responses from 119 forestry offices, totalling 520 handwritten pages, have been preserved in the Bavarian State Archives. In this study, we digitized, annotated, geographically referenced, and published these historical records, making them widely available as data for research and conservation planning. Our dataset, openly accessible through the Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF) and Zenodo, contains 5,467 species occurrence records from 1845. Besides the binary presence/absence data, we have also published the original textual survey responses, which contain rich qualitative information, such as species abundances, population trends, habitats, forest management practices, and human-nature relationships. This information can be further processed and interpreted to address a range of questions in historical and contemporary ecology.}, language = {en} } @phdthesis{Pirwitz2024, author = {Pirwitz, Anne}, title = {Migrationsfilme als ‚kritische Heimatfilme'?}, publisher = {Akademische Verlagsgemeinschaft M{\"u}nchen}, address = {M{\"u}nchen}, doi = {10.23780/9783960916338}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:101:1-2409191636377.506847991255}, school = {Universit{\"a}t Passau}, pages = {330 Seiten}, year = {2024}, abstract = {Seit dem Zusammenbruch des Kommunismus ist die Anzahl im Ausland arbeitender Rum{\"a}n*innen stark angestiegen. Inzwischen leben fast 20 \% der Bev{\"o}lkerung jenseits der Landesgrenzen. Transnationale Familien­strukturen mit in Rum{\"a}nien zur{\"u}ckgelassenen Kindern oder Eltern und pluri-lokale Lebensweisen der Migrant*innen sind in k{\"u}rzester Zeit zu einem allt{\"a}glichen Ph{\"a}nomen der rum{\"a}nischen Gesellschaft geworden. Die Auswirkungen dieser Migration sind von gesamtgesellschaftlicher Relevanz und finden daher immer wieder Eingang in Literatur, Musik und Film. Diese Medien werden dabei von realen Ereignissen inspiriert, greifen aktuelle Diskurse auf und konstruieren eigene fiktionale Wirklichkeiten. Dabei vermitteln sie bestimmte Weltbilder und bieten verschiedene Sichtweisen auf die von ihnen verhandelten Themen an. Zwischen dem Ende der kommunistischen Diktatur 1989 und 2022 entstanden 52 rum{\"a}nische fiktionale Kurz- und Spielfilme, die explizit Migration ins Zentrum ihrer erz{\"a}hlten Geschichten stellen. Der vorliegende Band untersucht, auf welche Weise die rum{\"a}nische Arbeitsmigration im postkommunistischen Film verarbeitet wird, welches Bild der rum{\"a}nischen Heimat und des ‚Westens' vermittelt wird, wie diese R{\"a}ume durch filmische Mittel {\"a}sthetisch konstruiert werden und ob es sich bei diesen Werken um eine neue Form des ‚kritischen Heimatfilms' handelt.}, subject = {Rum{\"a}nien}, language = {de} } @misc{OPUS4-1516, title = {Zeitgem{\"a}sse Methoden der Kinder- und Jugendmedienforschung}, volume = {2024}, number = {60}, editor = {Lampert, Claudia and K{\"u}hn, Jessica and Wiedel, Fabian and Fehr, Ada and Domdey, Paulina and Thiel, Kira}, publisher = {OAPublishing Collective Genossenschaft}, address = {Z{\"u}rich}, doi = {10.21240/mpaed/60.X}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:739-opus4-15162}, pages = {179 Seiten}, year = {2024}, abstract = {MedienP{\"a}dagogik : Zeitschrift f{\"u}r Theorie und Praxis in der Medienbildung Themenheft 60: Zeitgem{\"a}sse Methoden der Kinder- und Jugendmedienforschung Inhalte: Malin Fecke, Ada Fehr, Daniela Schl{\"u}tz Die Mobile Experience Sampling Methode (MESM) in der Kinder- und Jugendmedienforschung Andr{\´e} Weßel ‹Jeden Abend Instagram, TikTok, YouTube› - Das digitale Medientagebuch als qualitative Forschungsmethode zur Untersuchung des Medienhandelns junger Menschen Thorsten Naab, Ruth Wendt, Alexandra Langmeyer-Tornier Messung m{\"u}tterlicher Medienerziehung f{\"u}r interaktive und nicht-interaktive Medien Thorsten Naab, Moritz Abraham Wie ein Spielzeug zum Helfer in Kinderbefragungen werden kann Sophie Mayen, Anne Reinhardt , Claudia Wilhelm Instrumente zur Messung von jugendlicher Mediennutzung Paulina Domdey, Katrin Potzel Medientageb{\"u}cher als Teil sequenzieller Triangulation in der qualitativen Forschung Franziska Koschei, Lena Schmidt, Susanne Eggert, Andreas Dertinger, Michaela Kramer, Rudolf Kammerl Forschung mit Grundsch{\"u}ler:innen Jan Pfetsch, Felix Paschel, Cora Bieß, Ingrid Stapf Forschungsethik und Kinderrechte}, language = {de} }