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Spaces of Collectivity
(2021)
How is it to act collectively when each one of us brings our own
perspective, values, assumptions, and also our own language? How does
from the many become ‘one’? What compromises does one need to make on the
way? These were the questions we explored during the workshop Spaces of
Collectivity. The aim was to collectively experience and enjoy space,
while noticing how different our perspectives on it are, and how being
able to talk about them, is key to any collective act of visioning,
making or caring for space. Maps, as final products, and map-making, as
the process of making these, became the tools to visualise and thus be
able to better discuss these challenges.
This text was part of the opening to the symposium sharing/learning:
methods of the collective in art, research and activism and was read on
28th June 2019, in English, by two members of the organizing team, as
introductory words. The text deliniates the central questions from which
the two-day gathering arises, as well as its methodologies and actors.
Many formulations originate from previously written concept papers, which
were used to present the project for various purposes. These in turn are
informed by the many conversations that took place within the
organizational team – a group of people whose constellation was shifting
along the way – orally as well as in writing.
What are the reasons behind a newfound popularity of collectives within
art economies? Could it be that collective practices are a necessary
answer to the challenges faced by (creative) workers in late capitalist
society? To reflect these questions, we take this text as a starting
point to try to critically assess our own personal history as an internetbased
research collective.
In June 2019, I held the workshopcooking, playing and sharing at the
symposium sharing/learning: methods of the collective in art, research
and activism by the DFG-Graduiertenkolleg “Das Wissen der Künste”, Berlin
University of the Arts (UdK), at/in cooperation with District * School
without Center.
I invited guests to explore how to come together spontaneously,
creatively and intuitively for preparing a feast without previously
knowing the recipe and without a recipe. The main idea was how to make a
meal with the ingredients, we would have available, and share it between
the participants of the event. Noncooking Knowledge was required. As it
usually happens in my proposals, the practice has taken other directions.
What practices constitute the commons? What are the conditions of the
situated processes of commoning? What and how do we thereby learn? What
would constitute a new sense of sharing, distributing, partaking? And,
how can we take the idea of relationality seriously and institute
structures of reciprocity between art, academia, and activism? To address
these questions the round table commoning/communing brings together three
projects focusing on urban practices of commoning.
Ideathek
(2021)
What does the digitization and mediatization of space mean for our physical and virtual knowledge spaces. How can architectural and interface design promote innovation and creativity through their spatial configurations and protocols? Which new approaches need to be deployed so that complexity is created instead of reduced?
Abstract. This study compares performance of different speech com-
mand classification systems which can be executed on an Raspberry
Pi Zero ARMv6 architecture. Three systems are evaluated: first one,
TREELITE_MFCC, is based on Treelite system cross-compiles a MFCC-
classifying Random Forest into a highly optimized shared library; second,
TFLITE_MFCC, performs classification of MFCC inputs by means of
convolutional neural network encoded as a lightweight TensorFlow Lite
model while the third one - labeled as TFLITE_RAW - uses more com-
plex network to directly classify the audio signal. We evaluate models
not only in terms of their accuracy and precision, but also in terms of
execution time, voltage, current and energy consumed. We observe that
while TFLITE_RAW offers superior performance in terms of accuracy,
TREELITE_RAW is also worth of consideration for low-latency real-
life applications since it offers relatively good performance (avg. micro-
precision=0.917) but its predictions, when executed on Raspberry Pi
Zero, are significantly faster and cost less energy than TensorFlow Lite
models.
This thesis focuses on small scale residential cooling application with unitary air conditioning units as they are wide spread in the so called Middle East North African Region. The presence of these single room or single apartment cooling systems is evaluated and their impact throughout the region assessed. They have a tremendous impact on the electric supply in countries like Saudi Arabia where most of the households already have an AC-unit. The impact in other countries with relatively less installed systems, like in Egypt, is already crucial and leads to regular power cuts. However, the stability of the grids of these countries will decrease further with a higher penetration rate of electric air conditioning systems. Current technology development aims to reduce the buildings cooling energy demand, increase the coefficient of performance, or to substitute the cooling mechanism with a different approach such as sorptive cooling systems. However, these systems require a costly and time intensive change of the building structure or an exchange of the existing cooling system. Due to this reasons, this thesis focuses on the additional installation of a small scale PV electric system, including a battery and applying advanced control strategies to utilize the thermal storage capacity of the building masses. Therefore, the present room cooling system is modeled as a reference system as it could be present throughout the entire region. This system consists of a room model of a typical apartment structure and is cross validated. Two use cases are applied: a bed room and a living room. Further, it includes a model of the solar electric system which is as well parametrized to regional values. Newly, a split unit model and an extended Kinetic Battery model are set up. The single models are combined to an entire system simulation. Afterwards, the main parameters are varied in particle swarm optimization runs to determine the impact of various boundary conditions, such as the electricity price and feed in tariffs, battery and thermal storage capacities, and solar collector field size. The simulation results are compared in terms of levelized costs of cooling, solar coverage rate and the solar cooling autonomy. The findings are compared in a case study. This study highlights the results of the Hurghada, Egypt city district of El Gouna. There, personal observations of the results where possible and an in depth analysis of the results was undertaken. In this location, the levelized costs of electricity for a small scale PV system with 1kWpeak drop there to 0.18USD/kWh with a short investment period of 5 years. They even drop to 0.08 and 0.05USD/kWh when taking an investment period of 15 or 25 years into consideration. With this values, various levelized costs of cooling are simulated as a parameter field of the particle swarm optimization. The findings show, that in most cases, the cooling costs become negative, even with relatively short investment periods. Within a bed room, a solar coverage rate of 0.9 can be achieved with a small scale PV system with weighted costs of only 677USD. In terms of solar cooling autonomy, the most cost efficient system has weighted costs of1,036USD, resulting in a coverage rate of 0.71. The living room air conditioning system can achieve best weighted costs of1,459USDfor a cooling autonomy of 0.86.Further, the practical application of a small scale PV electric solar cooling system was evaluated by the author in the case study location itself. The limitations of the theoretic system design are presented and discussed. Part of this analysis is the thermal stratification in typical vaulted apartment structures as they have a huge impact on the deviation between simulated and measured room air cooling demand.
This is an Accepted Manuscript of an article published by Taylor & Francis in Cryptologia on 12 Feb 2018.
Abstract:
In his book ‘Noui et singolari modi di cifrare’, Giovan Battista Bellaso presents to his readers three challenge ciphertexts. Two of them are based on a polyalphabetic cipher with a mixed primary reciprocal alphabet and a long key, whereas the third one uses four independent homophonic substitution alphabets which change after each word. A successful approach to solving these ciphers, to which Bellaso gave the name ‘terzo modo’ and ‘quarto modo’, performs a simulated annealing attack directly on the primary alphabet respectively the four homophonic alphabets at once. This paper focusses on the various applied fitness functions. The solutions for the ciphertexts are given and finally discussed, with a view toward the possibility of a hidden message within the plaintexts.
Nowadays, society is becoming increasingly conscious of the adverse effect of energy use on the environment, contributing to the depletion of fossil fuels and increasing global warming. Because of the substantial contribution of building energy to these concerns, the intention should be not only to improve building energy efficiency but also to promote the use of renewable technologies, especially solar energy. Today building-integrated photovoltaic (BIPV) and building-integrated solar thermal (BIST) technologies are recognized by building designers as innovative technology for clean energy and greenhouse gas reduction, especially in cities, where multi-story buildings are dominant with limited roof area.
For the Mediterranean area, the high level of solar radiation and plentiful sunny hours make it appropriate for solar system installation, however, the development of solar energy is still limited. Moreover, due to the high population growth rate, lack of local resources, high energy price, and urbanization, one of the priorities in the Mediterranean area is to promote the energy efficiency of the building both on the supply side and demand side.
Therefore, this research aims to investigate the potential of installation of the photovoltaic (PV) and solar thermal (ST) technologies in the new multi-family residential building envelope in the Mediterranean area, taking Amman, Jordan, as a case study. The focus of this research is on the typical multi-family residential buildings in Amman, as it is the city where about 50% of the new construction in Jordan is taking place, and the residential buildings are the major consumers of energy and electricity in Jordan. The multi-family buildings also form about 75% of the total housing stock in Jordan. The typical multi-family building studied here is composed of five main floors, contains ten residential apartments; the area of each apartment is 150 m2. It is assumed that the building is located in a common residential urbanized zone in Jordan, with 6 m sides offset and 8 m back offset, assuming that one side is facing the main street, and all the buildings have a maximum allowable height of 15 m. All the architectural parameters related to the multi-family buildings have been defined through analyzing the residential building stock in Jordan.
In order to achieve the research aim, the possibility of reducing the energy demand of the typical multi-family building in Amman, Jordan, through passive and architectural design strategies was firstly investigated. After that, different performance criteria were evaluated, mainly quantitative criteria including energy consumption, energy production, and life cycle assessment (energy, carbon, cost). In addition to the qualitative criteria, including visibility and functionality, the purpose here is to emphasize the substantial function of BIPV systems. Each performance criterion was assessed alone. Then, all the performance criteria results were presented in a decision support matrix, which can be used as a comparison to evaluate and identify the solar system's application of choice, based on the criteria of the user. Moreover, a new energy index was formulated to evaluate the overall annual energy performance of BIPV design in terms of multifunctional effects on building energy.
Different methods were adopted in this research; the qualitative criteria were evaluated based on the literature review analysis, while the quantitative criteria were evaluated by using different simulation software, previous literature review, and spreadsheet calculations.
Literature review analyses were conducted in order to identify the relevant possibilities and the aesthetical solution the market offers, and the multiple benefits for PV and ST integration. The knowledge acquired from this part played a significant role in choosing and designing the proposals of PV and ST installation into the multi-story building envelope. Regarding the simulation studies, different building and energy simulation software was used to simulate and optimize the energy performance of the typical multi-family building in Amman, Jordan, through passive and architectural design strategies, as well as to find out the optimum design of the energy system in terms of energy performance (energy demand of the system, and solar energy fraction), and to investigate the energy-saving potential of PV and ST systems with various designs (tilt angles, azimuth, installed area, etc.). For the building energy simulation, each zone in the building was modeled as a space of its own. The energy demand was calculated on an hourly basis for a period of a whole year. The results from the simulation analysis, related literature and guidelines were adopted to conduct a life cycle assessment through spreadsheet calculation, to determine the long-term performance in terms of energy and carbon emissions, as well as cost considerations, taking into account the current market practice. The cradle-to-grave approach was adapted for the environmental life cycle assessments.
The general conclusion of this research is that installing the PV modules into the multi-family buildings envelope in Amman, Jordan, makes a positive contribution in terms of energy performance, as PV systems can cover up to 97% of the new building electricity demand when they are installed on both the roof and south façade, and up to 43% is covered by installing the PV modules into the south facade. Regarding the environmental life cycle assessment, the results proved the carbon saving potential of all the proposed PV systems, as the energy payback time (EPBT) is between 1.5- 3.5 years and the carbon payback time (CPBT) is between 3.4- 7.8 years. However, for the life cycle cost assessment the result showed that due to high capital cost and low cost of electricity, neither system is currently feasible for investment, as the payback time (PBT) is between 9.0- 16 years. However, with future advances in each system and more efficient designs, the payback periods would become tangible and therefore yield better performances. Lastly, the results were used to derive a decision support matrix aimed at providing a friendly approach to facilitate the implementation of solar building applications.
Digital education: ”education-with” / ”education-about” distinction and the teleological definition
(2020)
Despite being an object of multi-billion public policies and private sector initiatives, the term ”digital education” seems to lack a clear, unambigous, lexicon-ready definition. A closer analysis reveals that in common parlance, the term is used to denote phenomena related to overlapping but distinct topics like ”technology”, ”media” or ”informatics”. Such polysemy implies an overall lack of
clarity which a public debate about education policies should rather avoid. For this reason, we propose to start sorting things out by defining the term ”digital education” in terms of dichotomy of two subordinated concepts, which we label as ”education-about-digital” and ”education-with-digital”. Postulation of this dichotomy combined with analysis of "school's mission" as defined in the legal codices of Land Berlin naturally leads to ”teleological definition” which delimits the concept of digital education in terms of its ideal human result.
Repetition of morphological or lexical units is an established technique able to reinforce the impact of one's argument upon the audience. Rhetoric tradition has canonized dozens of repetition-involving schemas as figures of speech. Our article shows a way how hitherto ignored repetition-involving schemata can be identified. It shows that certain classes of repetitive figures can be represented in terms of specific sequences of integer numbers and vice versa, how specific sets of integer numbers can be translated into sets of regexes able to match repetition-involving expressions. A "Shakespeare number" S is simply defined as an integer with at least one repeated digit in which no digit bigger than X can occur if ever a digit X had not yet occurred in S's decimal representation. Hence, 121 is a Shakespeare number, while 123 or 211 are not. A set of "entangled numbers" is subsequently defined as a subset of "Shakespeare numbers" with an additional property that all digits which occur in them are repeated at least twice in the decimal representation of the number. Thus, a 1212 is an entangled number while 1211 is not. A complete set E of entangled numbers of maximal length of 10 digits is subsequently generated and every member of E is translated into a regex. Each regex is subsequently exposed to all utterances in all works of William Shakespeare, allowing us to pinpoint 3367 instances of 172 distinct E-schemata. This nomenclature may allow scholars to lead a discussion about schemata which have escaped the attention of classical interpretators.
e-Textile Reader
(2020)
Within the application context of interior spaces, this thesis investigates the emerging area of body-driven energy harvesting technologies from the perspective of human computer interaction (HCI) design. Upcoming innovations in new materials and low-power devices have enabled the conversion of body movements such as steps and arm movements into electrical energy for powering small computational things. Everyday interior spaces such as public buildings or homes can be fitted with new materials that harness human kinetic energy to produce electrical energy. Recent developments in the area of engineering and materials science aim to make these technologies more efficient. However, research about the implications of implementing them in the everyday from the perspective of the experiences and interactions of the people adopting these technologies is highly under-explored. In order to examine this design space, this research proposes to identify emerging concerns and challenges brought by everyday engagement with electricity production that need to be addressed through an interaction design inquiry.
To investigate the above proposition, a design program situated between the field of human computer interaction research and the practice of e-textile design is formulated with the aim to
investigate, at the scale of the interior, how static electricity can bring new perspectives and possibilities for ways of engaging with e-textiles, and designing interactions for energy harvesting with textiles.
The research sets up four research studies to systematically explore the design program. These research studies focus on four questions of how static electricity shapes e-textiles, how electrostatic textiles shape e-textile interactions, how e-static interactions shape everyday behaviours and how e-static studies shape energy interpretations. By developing a working knowledge of textile-based triboelectric generators, various body-generated electricity systems of different scales are envisioned. In the process of making, discovering and exploring different textile systems, questions regarding human interactions, material behaviours and the role of electricity in the everyday are discussed.
This thesis contributes to the practice of e-textiles by creating the foundational knowledge of using static electricity as a resource in e-textile design and development without needing specialised materials. Furthermore, it contributes to the field of human computer interaction research by further developing the topic of energy harvesting as a research area of interaction design. The thesis identifies two key areas for addressing challenges presented by body-driven energy harvesting with HCI which include considering accumulation of interactions over time and incorporating the electric properties of the body in interaction.
Additionally, practical outcomes of this research include:
1) www.estatictextiles.cc- An online handbook for learning about and working with static electricity and e-textiles which includes tutorials and examples from the research process.
And 2) E-static textiles prototyping board- A prototyping board developed for easy integration of static electricity and textiles to be used as an educational tool for designing and prototyping electrostatic energy-related interactions.
Looking at examples of presenting practices in Berlin and Toronto, this
essay sketches the difficulties that arise when embarking on a curatorial
practice with a decolonial impulse. This text is a partner to “On
Smuggling and Drawing. A Conversation in Blocks”, a dialogue between
curator Juana Awad and artist Luisa Ungar, written in 2020 and appearing
in the publication Künste dekolonisieren. Ästhetische Praktiken des
Lernens und Verlernens (edited by Julian Bauer, Maja Figge, Lisa
Grossmann, Wilma Lukatsch; Berlin, Transcript Verlag, forthcoming.)
But while the dialogue focuses on Ungar’s creation process of the over
one hundred original drawings intervening throughout the publication,
this essay brings to the forefront Awad’s questions about, and
experiences and observations with the mingling of the curatorial and the
decolonial, from her perspective as a curator and cultural worker.
In this work, I relate to the path of conocimiento, a concept developed
by Gloria Anzaldúa, which is a form of spiritual inquiry/activism,
reached via creative acts—writing, art-making, dancing, healing,
teaching, meditation, and spiritual activism. In writing and drawing, I
weave lines to different realities: the rural upbringings of the women
who raised me, my migration from the Third World, the meaning of home and
belonging, and my connection to all that exists on the planet as
political consciousness.
Memoirs of Saturn
(2020)
In a set of para-fictional texts which interweaves the life of cultural
historian Dr. Shahidul Zaman with key moments in the ruptured history of
Bangladesh, the artist Omar A. Chowdhury, builds a reflexive mirror to
examine the nature of memory, of historiography, and the processes of the
art system. Recounting the history of an exhibition that was censored and
closed down in Dhaka in 2016, Chowdhury constructs a narrative that
doubles back on itself along multiple axes of the personal and public as
he and Dr. Zaman delve into the uncertainties in the presentation of
identity, the recollection of history, and the compromises of political
commitment.
With her photographic series Character Recognition (2006–2007) U.S.
artist Myra Greene examines historical constructions of race and racist
ways of looking from a perspective that undermines the assumed neutrality
of photography. She transforms the old ambrotype technique and encourages
to reflect on the power that visual technologies hold over the
representation of race and identity. Greene recalls yet disobeys
nineteenth-century ethnographic visual practices and looking
instructions, creating a technical and metaphorical deferral of the past
into the present and of the present into the past. Her photographic
practice unveils the ongoing violent effects of nineteenth-century
scientific racism on present-day bodies and embodied ways of looking. At
the same time, Character Recognition gives new life to the archives of
visual colonialism and experiments with photographic representation and
body memory as tools for decolonial options of non-normative (visual)
spaces.
For Issue 8 of wissenderkuenste.de, filmmaker Ali Kazimi has contributed
five images from an anaglyph version of his installation Fair Play. The
principle is simple: Each stereo image consists of a pair of images: one
for the left eye and the other for the right eye. All stereo viewing
systems seek to isolate the images, so the left sees only the one
intended for it, and the right sees the one intended for it. Our brain
creates the perception of a 3D image while viewing a 2D screen by fusing
these two slightly offset images together. Fair Play brings together all
strands of Kazimi’s research including stereoscopic 3D filmmaking,
stereoscopic 3D photographic history and images, as well as early
twentieth-century Canadian immigration history and colonialism.
‘Looking Back Forward_Quip Nayr’ is based on the Aymara concept of time
and space called ‘qhip nayr’. As the Bolivian sociologist Silvia Rivera
Cusicanqui refers to it, ‘quip nayr’ is a way of looking into the past to
orient your path to the future. I use this concept to reflect on
processes of change, concerning language, identity and place. Expressing
identity on fabric recuperates my ancestors’ tradition from the Andean
region in Abya Yala (Latinamerica). The layering of textiles is inspired
by Gloria Anzaldúa, who uses fabrics as a synonym to talk about the
construction of identity in her concept ‘Haciendo Caras’.