Fachbereich Ingenieurwesen / Wirtschaftsingenieurwesen (bis 8/2014)
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- band-pass filter (3)
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A comprehensive outline of a new approach in closed loop processing for energy utilisation and biomass genera tion using micro algae for electricity, heat and chemicals is presented - the Biophotonic Combined Energy System (BCES). The basic idea proposes that life-cycle management is an es sential strategy in research and business. In terms of the BCES a carbon cycle driven by solar radiation via the photosystems of the Chlorophyceae species Scenedesmus rubescens serves as the core process from which valuable materials are extracted. The resi dues serve as the substrate for biogas generation which is used to run a Combined Heat and Power Plant (CHP) equipped with a gas motor and an exhaust gas carbon dioxide and heat recovery system. The electricity generated is fed into the public grid and the thermal energy is used to make the right temperature for the micro algae suspension. The carbon dioxide from biogas combus tion is injected into the algae suspension thereby closing the elementary loop within the system.
Biomass is an important resource for the utilisation of renewable energy not only in Germany, but in many other countries. Being sufficient to provide base load it is capable to stabilise electricity grids besides contributing to climate change precaution. Additionally it is essential that the applications for heat, power and fuel feature high conversion efficiencies. Therefore the on-site generation of electricity is a crucial contribution to renewable energy supply, especially in real small-scale applications. The project “HTBioStir” - development of a high temperature heat exchanger for the coupling of biomass boiler and Stirling engine - is designed and realized as a fundamental research project focusing on important mechanisms of heat transfer. The basic approach to generate electricity and heat implies the transfer of enthalpy on high temperature levels from the flue gases of a wood chip operated fire tube boiler to the working fluid helium through the heater head of a Stirling engine generator set. Using an indirect heat transfer mechanism, air as the carrier, an innovative heat exchanger with surface structured industrial power tube bundle and upstream a similar recuperative air-preheater by which an α-type SOLO 2V is operated to gene rate electricity. The leaving air at a much lower temperature level serves then as preheated oxidant in the furnace, while the flue gases produce hot water in the boiler. At present measurement campaigns were carried out to establish energy and mass balances of the fire tube boiler as well as the Stirling engine.
The project “Freight and Logistics Advancement in Central/South-East Europe - Validation of trade and transport processes, Implementation of improvement actions, Application of co-coordinated structures” (in short - FLAVIA) is carried out under the Central Europe – Cooperation for Success Programme, cofunded by the European Regional Development Fund. One of the main objectives of FLAVIA project is to consolidate a logistic corridor from Central Europe (CE) to the South-East Europe (SEE) and the Black Sea Region, based on rail and inland waterways intermodal transport. In this paper we discuss the partial outputs of FLAVIA project, mainly related to the identified actual status of rail-based intermodal transport and trade obstacles of the freight flows on the Romanian territory and the used methodology. Several operational and long-term measures to improve the trade and intermodal transport are listed, considering the advantages of the geo-strategic potential of Romania location, connected with the several improvement directions already considered into the new released intermodal strategy.
Shape memory polyurethanes (SMPUs) were synthesized by 4,4′-diphenylmethane diisocyanate (MDI), hexane-1,6-diol (HD), polypropylene glycol (PPG), and recycled polyvinyl butyral (PVB). Dynamic mechanical analysis, differential scanning calorimetry and Fourier transformation infrared attenuated total reflection spectroscopy was used to characterize the poly (vinylbutyral-urethanes). Micro-phase domain separation of hard and soft segments and phase inversion were investigated. Increasing the hard segment content, i.e., average hard segment molecular weight, leads to an increase in the degree of micro-phase separation, hard domain order and crystallinity. The crystalline hard segment structures combined with the elastic nature of soft segment matrix provide enough physical and chemical crosslinks to have shape memory effect.
In this paper, the iLibrary system is introduced, which has been integrated and tested at the library of the Technical University of Applied Sciences in Wildau. The goal of this project is to develop an interactive information system for the improvement of virtual library services within the university’s library and in this manner make users more aware of all the benefits the library provides. The system concentrates mainly on the development and implementation of new software applications for devices such as smartphones, tablets and a multi-touch screen, as well as introducing new back-end applications for the improvement of existing services and processes.
We will explain the features of this system, provide some practical experiences, and show how it can easily be adapted to any library.
At University of Applied Sciences Wildau in Germany students have developed and evaluated a mobile and multilingual on-campus-information system, called iCampus Wildau. With the help of maps, audio tracks, and 360°-pictures a user is guided across campus and provided with current information about visible and invisible services and options. Because of its modular and general approach, the guide has been used for several, quite different purposes. One very successful application case has been a multimedia guide for the university library. This has been used for introducing new library users into using the library services, providing information about the special architecture of the library building, or even as a multimedia guide for one of the many exhibitions that find their place in the library. In this paper, we will explain the features of this application, provide some practical experiences, and show how it can easily be adapted to any library (or campus).
In mammals, proper storage and distribution of lipids in and between tissues is essential for the maintenance of energy homeostasis. In contrast, aberrantly high levels of triglycerides in the blood ("hypertriglyceridemia") represent a hallmark of the metabolic syndrome and type 2 diabetes. As hypertriglyceridemia has been identified as an important risk factor for cardiovascular complications, in this study we aimed to identify molecular mechanisms in aberrant triglyceride elevation under these conditions.
To determine the importance of hepatic lipid handling for systemic dyslipidemia, we profiled the expression patterns of various hepatic lipid transporters and receptors under healthy and type 2 diabetic conditions. A differentially expressed lipoprotein receptor was functionally characterized by generating acute, liver-specific loss- and gain-of-function animal models.
We show that the hepatic expression of lipid transporter lipolysis-stimulated lipoprotein receptor (LSR) is specifically impaired in mouse models of obesity and type 2 diabetes and can be restored by leptin replacement. Experimental imitation of this pathophysiological situation by liver-specific knockdown of LSR promotes hypertriglyceridemia and elevated apolipoprotein (Apo)B and E serum levels in lean wild-type and ApoE knockout mice. In contrast, genetic restoration of LSR expression in obese animals to wild-type levels improves serum triglyceride levels and serum profiles in these mice.
The dysregulation of hepatic LSR under obese and diabetic conditions may provide a molecular rationale for systemic dyslipidemia in type 2 diabetes and the metabolic syndrome and represent a novel target for alternative treatment strategies in these patients.
Semi-terrestrial tardigrades exhibit a remarkable tolerance to desiccation by entering a state called anhydrobiosis. In this state, they show a strong resistance against several kinds of physical extremes. Because of the probable importance of stress proteins during the phases of dehydration and rehydration, the relative abundance of transcripts coding for two α-crystallin heat-shock proteins (Mt-sHsp17.2 and Mt-sHsp19.5), as well for the heat-shock proteins Mt-sHsp10, Mt-Hsp60, Mt-Hsp70 and Mt-Hsp90, were analysed in active and anhydrobiotic tardigrades of the species Milnesium tardigradum. They were also analysed in the transitional stage (I) of dehydration, the transitional stage (II) of rehydration and in heat-shocked specimens. A variable pattern of expression was detected, with most candidates being downregulated. Gene transcripts of one Mt-hsp70 isoform in the transitional stage I and Mt-hsp90 in the anhydrobiotic stage were significantly upregulated. A high gene expression (778.6-fold) was found for the small α-crystallin heat-shock protein gene Mt-sHsp17.2 after heat shock. We discuss the limited role of the stress-gene expression in the transitional stages between the active and anhydrobiotic tardigrades and other mechanisms which allow tardigrades to survive desiccation.
Quantum dots allow the generation of charge carriers upon illumination. When these particles are attached to an electrode a photocurrent can be generated. This allows their use as a light-switchable layer on the surface. The QDs can not only exchange electronics with the electrode, but can also interact with donor or acceptor compounds in solution providing access to the construction of signal chains starting from an analytic molecule. The magnitude and the direction of the photocurrent depend on several factors such as electrode polarization, solution pH and composition. These defined dependencies have been evaluated with respect to the combination of QD-electrodes with enzyme reactions for sensorial purpose. CdSe/ZnS-QD-modified electrodes can be used to follow enzymatic reactions in solution based on the oxygen sensitivity. In order to develop a photoelectrochemical biosensor, e.g. glucose oxidase is immobilized on the CdSe/ZnS-electrode. One immobilization strategy applies the layer-by-layer-technique of GOD and a polyelectrolyte. Photocurrent measurements of such a sensor show a clear concentration dependent behavior. The principle of combing QD oxidase. The sensitivity of quantum dot electrodes can be influenced by additional nanoparticles, but also by multiple layers of the QDs. In another direction of research it can be influenced by additional nanoparticles, but also by multiple layers of the QDs. In another direction of research it can be demonstrated that direct electron transfer from excited quantum dots can be achieved with the redox protein cytochrome c. This allows the detection of the protein, but also interaction partners such as a enzymes or superoxide.

