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Design and quality metrics of point patterns for coded structured light illumination with diffractive optical elements in optical 3D sensors

  • Structured light has become a widespread technique for the development of camera-based 3D sensors. The structured illumination provides texture to homogeneous objects and thus allows for the reliable determination of the disparity of each object point in a stereo-camera setting. Even a monocular 3D sensor is possible if the light projector has a fixed relative position to the camera and if the structured light is coded, i.e. the position within the whole light pattern can be reconstructed uniquely from a small local window of the pattern, the uniqueness window. Coded patterns with such a uniqueness property are called Perfect SubMaps (PSM). In our paper we focus on the design and evaluation of the subset of symmetric isolated binary toroidal PSMs (SIBTPSM) for structured light patterns, because of their beneficial properties with respect to the signal-to-noise ratio and the use with laser light sources and DOEs. We define several figures of merit that are relevant for the practical use of PSMs in a 3D sensor: the PSM size, the size of the uniqueness window, the Hamming distance, the density, and the homogeneity. We have created SIBTPSMs using our own dedicated algorithms and have designed and fabricated DOEs that produce these patterns with large fan angles of 61° × 47° when used with near-infrared diode lasers (λ = 830nm). We analyze the influence of these characteristics on the 3D measurement process by theory, simulations, and experiments. The patterns of publicly available DOEs based on SIBTPSMs are used for comparison and reference. Our results show that the PSM width, the uniqueness window size, the minimum and average Hamming distances, and the uniformity have strong impact on either speed or quality of the 3D reconstruction, whereas the point density and the PSM height are of minor importance.

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Metadaten
Author:Ralf Vandenhouten, Andreas Hermerschmidt, Richard Fiebelkorn
URN:urn:nbn:de:kobv:526-opus4-9798
DOI:https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2270248
ISSN:1996-756X
Parent Title (English):Proceedings of SPIE
Document Type:Conference Proceeding
Language:English
Year of Publication:2017
Publishing Institution:Technische Hochschule Wildau
Release Date:2017/07/05
Tag:3D sensor; DOE; PSM; Perfect SubMap; diffractive optical element; structured light; symmetric PSM
Volume:10335
Source:Ralf Vandenhouten ; Andreas Hermerschmidt and Richard Fiebelkorn, "Design and quality metrics of point patterns for coded structured light illumination with diffractive optical elements in optical 3D sensors", Proc. SPIE 10335, Digital Optical Technologies 2017, 1033518 (June 26, 2017).
Copyright:Copyright 2017 Society of Photo Optical Instrumentation Engineers. One print or electronic copy may be made for personal use only. Systematic reproduction and distribution, duplication of any material in this paper for a fee or for commercial purposes, or modification of the content of the paper are prohibited. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2270248
Faculties an central facilities:Fachbereich Ingenieur- und Naturwissenschaften
Dewey Decimal Classification:6 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften / 62 Ingenieurwissenschaften / 621 Angewandte Physik
Licence (German):Das Dokument ist urheberrechtlich geschützt
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