TY - JOUR A1 - Fricke, Anna A1 - Psarianos, Marios A1 - Sabban, Jakob A1 - Fitzner, Maria A1 - Reipsch, Riccardo A1 - Schlüter, Oliver K. A1 - Dreyer, Christian A1 - Vogt, Julia H.-M. A1 - Schreiner, Monika A1 - Baldermann, Susanne T1 - Composite materials for innovative urban farming of alternative food sources (macroalgae and crickets) JF - Frontiers in Sustainable Food Systems N2 - Facing an inexorable growth of the human population along with substantial environmental changes, the assurance of food security is a major challenge of the present century. To ensure responsible food consumption and production (SDG 12), new approaches in the food system are required. Thus, environmentally controlled, sustainable production of alternative food sources are of key interest for both urban agriculture and food research. To face the current challenge of integrating food production systems within existing structures, multidisciplinary discourses are required. Here, we bring together novel technologies and indoor farming techniques with the aim of supporting the development of sustainable food production systems. For this purpose, we investigated the feasibility of 10 composite materials for their innovative use as structural support in macroalgal cultivation (settlement substrates) and cricket rearing (housing). Considering material resistance, rigidity, and direct material-organism interactions, the bio-based composite polylactic acid (PLA) was identified as a suitable material for joint farming. For macroalgae cultivation, PLA sustained the corrosive cultivation conditions and provided a suitable substrate without affecting the macroalgal physiology or nutritional composition (carotenoids and chlorophylls). For cricket rearing, PLA provided a suitable and recyclable shelter, which was quickly accepted by the animals without any observed harm. In contrast, other common composite components like phenolic resin or aramid were found to be unsuitable due to being harmful for the cultivated organisms or instable toward the applied sterilization procedure. This multidisciplinary study not only provides profound insights in the developing field of urban indoor food production from a new perspective, but also bridges material science and farming approaches to develop new sustainable and resilient food production systems. KW - polylactic acid (PLA) KW - Ulva fenestrata KW - Acheta domesticus (house cricket) KW - composite light-weight materials KW - urban aquaculture KW - controlled environment agriculture (CEA) Y1 - 2022 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:526-opus4-16822 SN - 2571-581X VL - 6 PB - Frontiers ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Momanyi, Job A1 - Herzog, Michael A1 - Muchiri, Peter T1 - Analysis of Thermomechanical Properties of Selected Class of Recycled Thermoplastic Materials Based on Their Applications JF - Recycling N2 - Polypropylene and polystyrene are petroleum-based thermoplastics which are commonly used and disposed of in the environment after their service life, leading to environmental degradation. There is a need to recycle polypropylene and polystyrene, but the effect of recycling on thermo-mechanical properties is not well understood. This study aims to determine thermo-mechanical properties of the recycled polypropylene and recycled polystyrene and compare them with corresponding virgin polypropylene and newly produced polystyrene (general purpose polystyrene 1540 and high impact polystyrene 7240). The study was carried out by preparing bar-shaped samples of recycled polypropylene, recycled polystyrene, general purpose polystyrene 1540, and high impact polystyrene 7240 by compression molding using a hot press and thermally characterizing them to determine glass transition temperature and melting temperature using differential scanning calorimetry. The changes in Young’s modulus, tensile strength, hardness, and toughness due to recycling activities were determined at room temperature (24 °C), 40 °C, 60 °C, and 80 °C. The thermo-mechanical properties of recycled polystyrene (PS) were found to be comparable to those of high impact polystyrene (HIPS) 7240. The study revealed that the hardness and toughness for the recycled polymers were higher than those of corresponding virgin polymers. On the other hand, tensile strength and Young's modulus for the recycled polymers were lower than those of the virgin polymers. Understanding the thermo-mechanical properties of the recycled polymers will contribute to more industrial applications hence increase the rate of recycling, resulting in a reduction in environmental pollution. KW - polymer KW - thermoplastic KW - thermo-mechanical property KW - recycled polypropylene KW - recycled polystyrene Y1 - 2019 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:526-opus4-12509 SN - 2313-4321 VL - 4 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Njuguna, James K. A1 - Muchiri, Peter A1 - Mwema, Fredrick M. A1 - Karuri, Nancy W. A1 - Herzog, Michael A1 - Dimitrov, Kiril T1 - Determination of thermo-mechanical properties of recycled polyurethane from glycolysis polyol JF - Scientific African N2 - Polyurethane foam is one of the most versatile polymers widely used in the automotive industry. However, due to the rising amount of polyurethane foam waste in the environment, there is growing research attention focusing on circular economy solutions to closing the material loop. This study aimed to determine the possible changes in thermo-mechanical properties between rigid polyurethane prepared using polyols derived from depolymerization of commercial polyurethane foam with benchmark rigid polyurethane (Ben PU). Polyurethane foams containing dispersion polyol were reacted with dipropylene glycol (DPG) and diethylene glycol (DEG) with a ratio of DPG: DEG of 1:1 in the presence of a consumable catalyst (Di-n-butyl amine). The recovered polyol was used as a raw material replacing 100% benchmark rigid polyurethane petroleum-based polyester polyol to produce the recycled polyurethane (Rec PU). Thermal analysis was conducted to measure the recycled polyurethane's glass transition temperatures (Tg) using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). Tensile strength, elastic modulus, toughness, and hardness test of the recycled polyurethane were conducted under three different temperatures; 24°C, 40°C, and 60°C. From the DSC results, the glass transition temperatures for the recycled and the benchmark rigid polyurethane occurred at 43°C and 50.4°C, respectively. Both polymers showed the brittle-ductile transition from 24°C to 40°C. Tensile strength for recycled polyurethane was lower than that of benchmark rigid polyurethane by 29-43% and a corresponding 24-50% decrease in elastic modulus. Recycled polyurethane recorded lower toughness than petroleum-based pure polyurethane by 13-16%. However, the recycled polymer recorded high shored D values than the benchmark rigid polyurethane by 9-29%. This study reveals that recycled polyol could be used as feedstock for polyurethane production with applications tailored to its mechanical properties. KW - polyurethane foam KW - recycling KW - glycolysis KW - rigid polyurethane KW - thermo-mechanical property KW - circular economy Y1 - 2021 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:526-opus4-14911 SN - 2468-2276 VL - 12 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Reinhardt, Heiner A1 - Mahdaviasl, Mahtab A1 - Prell, Bastian A1 - Mauersberger, Anton A1 - Klimant, Philipp A1 - Reiff-Stephan, Jörg A1 - Ihlenfeldt, Steffen T1 - Efficient data acquisition for traceability and analytics JF - Procedia CIRP N2 - Implementing processes for traceability is required in various industries to assure product quality during manufacturing, provide evidence on required processing conditions or facilitate product recalls. Commonly, radio-frequency identification (RFID) or code recognition techniques (e.g. Data Matrix) are applied to track the flow of workpieces through a manufacturing system and link processing data accordingly. Although the analysis of tracking data is well-examined, we still see a gap in the research on the trade-off between data acquisition, data analytics and data quality. Here, we present a framework to increase the value of existing data by enabling data analytics while addressing common pitfalls and reducing the costs of data management. KW - identification KW - knowledge management KW - manufacturing system KW - process control KW - quality assurance KW - sustainable development KW - decision making KW - complexity KW - analysis KW - design Y1 - 2024 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:526-opus4-19232 SN - 2212-8271 VL - 122 SP - 73 EP - 78 PB - Elsevier ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Schokraie, Elham A1 - Hotz-Wagenblatt, Agnes A1 - Warnken, Uwe A1 - Mali, Brahim A1 - Frohme, Marcus A1 - Förster, Frank A1 - Dandekar, Thomas A1 - Hengherr, Steffen A1 - Schill, Ralph O. A1 - Schnölzer, Martina T1 - Proteomic Analysis of Tardigrades: Towards a Better Understanding of Molecular Mechanisms by Anhydrobiotic Organisms JF - PLoS ONE N2 - Tardigrades are small, multicellular invertebrates which are able to survive times of unfavourable environmental conditions using their well-known capability to undergo cryptobiosis at any stage of their life cycle. Milnesium tardigradum has become a powerful model system for the analysis of cryptobiosis. While some genetic information is already available for Milnesium tardigradum the proteome is still to be discovered. Y1 - 2010 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:526-opus4-6214 SN - 1932-6203 VL - 5 IS - 3 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Schokraie, Elham A1 - Warnken, Uwe A1 - Hotz-Wagenblatt, Agnes A1 - Grohme, Markus A1 - Hengherr, Steffen A1 - Förster, Frank A1 - Schill, Ralph O. A1 - Frohme, Marcus A1 - Dandekar, Thomas A1 - Schnölzer, Martina T1 - Comparative proteome analysis of Milnesium tardigradum in early embryonic state versus adults in active and anhydrobiotic state JF - PLoS ONE N2 - Tardigrades have fascinated researchers for more than 300 years because of their extraordinary capability to undergo cryptobiosis and survive extreme environmental conditions. However, the survival mechanisms of tardigrades are still poorly understood mainly due to the absence of detailed knowledge about the proteome and genome of these organisms. Our study was intended to provide a basis for the functional characterization of expressed proteins in different states of tardigrades. High-throughput, high-accuracy proteomics in combination with a newly developed tardigrade specific protein database resulted in the identification of more than 3000 proteins in three different states: early embryonic state and adult animals in active and anhydrobiotic state. This comprehensive proteome resource includes protein families such as chaperones, antioxidants, ribosomal proteins, cytoskeletal proteins, transporters, protein channels, nutrient reservoirs, and developmental proteins. A comparative analysis of protein families in the different states was performed by calculating the exponentially modified protein abundance index which classifies proteins in major and minor components. This is the first step to analyzing the proteins involved in early embryonic development, and furthermore proteins which might play an important role in the transition into the anhydrobiotic state. Y1 - 2012 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:526-opus4-6392 SN - 1932-6203 VL - 7 IS - 9 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Förster, Frank A1 - Beisser, Daniela A1 - Grohme, Markus A1 - Liang, Chunguang A1 - Mali, Brahim A1 - Siegl, Alexander Matthias A1 - Engelmann, Julia C. A1 - Shkumatov, Alexander A1 - Schokraie, Elham A1 - Müller, Tobias A1 - Schnölzer, Martina A1 - Schill, Ralph O. A1 - Frohme, Marcus A1 - Dandekar, Thomas T1 - Transcriptome Analysis in Tardigrade Species Reveals Specific Molecular Pathways for Stress Adaptations JF - Bioinformatics and Biology Insights N2 - Tardigrades have unique stress-adaptations that allow them to survive extremes of cold, heat, radiation and vacuum. To study this, encoded protein clusters and pathways from an ongoing transcriptome study on the tardigrade Milnesium tardigradum were analyzed using bioinformatics tools and compared to expressed sequence tags (ESTs) from Hypsibius dujardini, revealing major pathways involved in resistance against extreme environmental conditions. ESTs are available on the Tardigrade Workbench along with software and databank updates. Our analysis reveals that RNA stability motifs for M. tardigradum are different from typical motifs known from higher animals. M. tardigradum and H. dujardini protein clusters and conserved domains imply metabolic storage pathways for glycogen, glycolipids and specific secondary metabolism as well as stress response pathways (including heat shock proteins, bmh2, and specific repair pathways). Redox-, DNA-, stress- and protein protection pathways complement specific repair capabilities to achieve the strong robustness of M. tardigradum. These pathways are partly conserved in other animals and their manipulation could boost stress adaptation even in human cells. However, the unique combination of resistance and repair pathways make tardigrades and M. tardigradum in particular so highly stress resistant. KW - RNA KW - expressed sequence tag KW - cluster KW - protein family KW - adaptation KW - tardigrada KW - transcriptome Y1 - 2012 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:526-opus4-6153 SN - 1177-9322 VL - 2012 IS - 6 SP - 69 EP - 96 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Förster, Frank A1 - Liang, Chunguang A1 - Shkumatov, Alexander A1 - Beisser, Daniela A1 - Engelmann, Julia C. A1 - Schnölzer, Martina A1 - Frohme, Marcus A1 - Müller, Tobias A1 - Schill, Ralph O. A1 - Dandekar, Thomas T1 - Tardigrade workbench: comparing stress-related proteins, sequence-similar and functional protein clusters as well as RNA elements in tardigrades JF - BMC Genomics N2 - Background Tardigrades represent an animal phylum with extraordinary resistance to environmental stress. Results To gain insights into their stress-specific adaptation potential, major clusters of related and similar proteins are identified, as well as specific functional clusters delineated comparing all tardigrades and individual species (Milnesium tardigradum, Hypsibius dujardini, Echiniscus testudo, Tulinus stephaniae, Richtersius coronifer) and functional elements in tardigrade mRNAs are analysed. We find that 39.3% of the total sequences clustered in 58 clusters of more than 20 proteins. Among these are ten tardigrade specific as well as a number of stress-specific protein clusters. Tardigrade-specific functional adaptations include strong protein, DNA- and redox protection, maintenance and protein recycling. Specific regulatory elements regulate tardigrade mRNA stability such as lox P DICE elements whereas 14 other RNA elements of higher eukaryotes are not found. Further features of tardigrade specific adaption are rapidly identified by sequence and/or pattern search on the web-tool tardigrade analyzer http://waterbear.bioapps.biozentrum.uni-wuerzburg.de. The work-bench offers nucleotide pattern analysis for promotor and regulatory element detection (tardigrade specific; nrdb) as well as rapid COG search for function assignments including species-specific repositories of all analysed data. Conclusion Different protein clusters and regulatory elements implicated in tardigrade stress adaptations are analysed including unpublished tardigrade sequences. Y1 - 2009 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:526-opus4-6461 SN - 1471-2164 VL - 10 IS - 469 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Mali, Brahim A1 - Grohme, Markus A1 - Förster, Frank A1 - Dandekar, Thomas A1 - Schnölzer, Martina A1 - Reuter, Dirk A1 - Wełnicz, Weronika A1 - Schill, Ralph O. A1 - Frohme, Marcus T1 - Transcriptome survey of the anhydrobiotic tardigrade Milnesium tardigradum in comparison with Hypsibius dujardini and Richtersius coronifer JF - BMC Genomics N2 - The phenomenon of desiccation tolerance, also called anhydrobiosis, involves the ability of an organism to survive the loss of almost all cellular water without sustaining irreversible damage. Although there are several physiological, morphological and ecological studies on tardigrades, only limited DNA sequence information is available. Therefore, we explored the transcriptome in the active and anhydrobiotic state of the tardigrade Milnesium tardigradum which has extraordinary tolerance to desiccation and freezing. In this study, we present the first overview of the transcriptome of M. tardigradum and its response to desiccation and discuss potential parallels to stress responses in other organisms. Y1 - 2010 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:526-opus4-6207 SN - 1471-2164 VL - 11 IS - 168 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Janowski, Susann A1 - Gross, Ina A1 - Sauer-Gürth, Hedwig A1 - Tietze, Dieter Thomas A1 - Grohme, Markus A1 - Frohme, Marcus A1 - Becker, Peter A1 - Wink, Michael T1 - New Microsatellite Markers for the Common Tern (Sterna hirundo) Developed with 454 Shot-Gun Pyrosequencing JF - The Open Ornithology Journal N2 - Long term studies, focusing on population- and socio-biology research, require the unequivocal identification of individuals. DNA studies with Short Tandem Repeats (STR loci) became a widespread tool in population genetics. We used the next-generation sequencing (NGS) approach with 454 shot-gun pyrosequencing to identify 13 new polymorphic STR loci for the Common Tern, Sterna hirundo. To enlarge the marker set we added two more loci originally developed for Black-legged Kittiwake (Rissa tridactyla) and Red-billed Gull (Chroicocephalus scopulinus) and arranged these 15 loci into three multiplex PCR panels for high throughput genotyping. Loci characterization demonstrated that our marker set is of high quality. A PIC value of about 0.67 and a power of exclusion value of 0.99 were reached. Deviation from Hardy-Weinberg expectations of some loci and low frequencies for null alleles are interpreted as a result of inbreeding and founder effect in the investigated tern colony. We used a test data set of this well-studied breeding colony of Common Tern at Banter Lake, Wilhelmshaven, Germany, to perform a parentage test. Parent-chick relationships, known from the social pedigree of that colony, were compared with genetically calculated ones. In order to test our markers and the used parentage program COLONY, we conducted six competing data sets with varying completeness of included parental genotypes. By including fully sampled parent pairs of known family assignment, results were correct for nest mates, single parents and parent pairs. Our marker set provides a powerful tool to investigate life-time reproductive success and other issues of population and socio-biology for Common Terns, e.g. in the aforementioned colony monitored for decades. KW - common tern KW - COLONY software KW - genotyping KW - microsatellite KW - multiplex PCR KW - next-generation sequencing KW - parentage analysis KW - Sterna hirundo Y1 - 2016 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:526-opus4-6789 SN - 1874-4532 VL - 9 SP - 50 EP - 59 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Nitsche, Andreas A1 - Kurth, Andreas A1 - Dunkhorst, Anna A1 - Pänke, Oliver A1 - Sielaff, Hendrik A1 - Junge, Wolfgang A1 - Muth, Doreen A1 - Scheller, Frieder W. A1 - Stöcklein, Walter A1 - Dahmen, Claudia A1 - Pauli, Georg A1 - Kage, Andreas T1 - One-step selection of Vaccinia virus-binding DNA aptamers by MonoLEX JF - BMC Biotechnology N2 - As a new class of therapeutic and diagnostic reagents, more than fifteen years ago RNA and DNA aptamers were identified as binding molecules to numerous small compounds, proteins and rarely even to complete pathogen particles. Most aptamers were isolated from complex libraries of synthetic nucleic acids by a process termed SELEX based on several selection and amplification steps. Here we report the application of a new one-step selection method (MonoLEX) to acquire high-affinity DNA aptamers binding Vaccinia virus used as a model organism for complex target structures. Y1 - 2007 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:526-opus4-6246 SN - 1472-6750 VL - 7 IS - 48 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Wang, Chong A1 - Grohme, Markus A1 - Mali, Brahim A1 - Schill, Ralph O. A1 - Frohme, Marcus T1 - Towards Decrypting Cryptobiosis—Analyzing Anhydrobiosis in the Tardigrade Milnesium tardigradum Using Transcriptome Sequencing JF - PLoS ONE N2 - Many tardigrade species are capable of anhydrobiosis; however, mechanisms underlying their extreme desiccation resistance remain elusive. This study attempts to quantify the anhydrobiotic transcriptome of the limno-terrestrial tardigrade Milnesium tardigradum. Y1 - 2014 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:526-opus4-6029 SN - 1932-6203 VL - 9 IS - 3 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Grohme, Markus A1 - Mali, Brahim A1 - Wełnicz, Weronika A1 - Michel, Stephanie A1 - Schill, Ralph O. A1 - Frohme, Marcus T1 - The Aquaporin Channel Repertoire of the Tardigrade Milnesium tardigradum JF - Bioinformatics and Biology Insights N2 - Limno-terrestrial tardigrades are small invertebrates that are subjected to periodic drought of their micro-environment. They have evolved to cope with these unfavorable conditions by anhydrobiosis, an ametabolic state of low cellular water. During drying and rehydration, tardigrades go through drastic changes in cellular water content. By our transcriptome sequencing effort of the limno-terrestrial tardigrade Milnesium tardigradum and by a combination of cloning and targeted sequence assembly, we identified transcripts encoding eleven putative aquaporins. Analysis of these sequences proposed 2 classical aquaporins, 8 aquaglyceroporins and a single potentially intracellular unorthodox aquaporin. Using quantitative real-time PCR we analyzed aquaporin transcript expression in the anhydrobiotic context. We have identified additional unorthodox aquaporins in various insect genomes and have identified a novel common conserved structural feature in these proteins. Analysis of the genomic organization of insect aquaporin genes revealed several conserved gene clusters. KW - unorthodox aquaporin KW - anhydrobiosis KW - tardigrada Y1 - 2013 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:526-opus4-6092 SN - 1177-9322 VL - 2013 IS - 7 SP - 153 EP - 165 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Beisser, Daniela A1 - Grohme, Markus A1 - Kopka, Joachim A1 - Frohme, Marcus A1 - Schill, Ralph O. A1 - Hengherr, Steffen A1 - Dandekar, Thomas A1 - Klau, Gunnar W. A1 - Dittrich, Marcus A1 - Müller, Tobias T1 - Integrated pathway modules using time-course metabolic profiles and EST data from Milnesium tardigradum JF - BMC Systems Biology N2 - Tardigrades are multicellular organisms, resistant to extreme environmental changes such as heat, drought, radiation and freezing. They outlast these conditions in an inactive form (tun) to escape damage to cellular structures and cell death. Tardigrades are apparently able to prevent or repair such damage and are therefore a crucial model organism for stress tolerance. Cultures of the tardigrade Milnesium tardigradum were dehydrated by removing the surrounding water to induce tun formation. During this process and the subsequent rehydration, metabolites were measured in a time series by GC-MS. Additionally expressed sequence tags are available, especially libraries generated from the active and inactive state. The aim of this integrated analysis is to trace changes in tardigrade metabolism and identify pathways responsible for their extreme resistance against physical stress. KW - integrated network analysis KW - functional module KW - metabolic profile KW - metabolic pathway KW - trend test Y1 - 2012 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:526-opus4-6146 SN - 1752-0509 VL - 6 IS - 72 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Janowski, Susann A1 - Grohme, Markus A1 - Frohme, Marcus A1 - Wink, Michael T1 - Development of New Microsatellite (STR) Markers for Montagu’s Harrier (Circus pygargus) via 454 Shot-Gun Pyrosequencing JF - The Open Ornithology Journal N2 - During the last decades the ground-breeding Montagu’s harrier ( Circus pygargus , Linnaeus, 1758) has changed its breeding habitats in Europe to agricultural areas in which many local populations would be close to extinction without a special nest protection regime. Although Montagu’s harrier is a well-studied species in terms of ecology and breeding biology, its genetic structure and population genetics are almost unknown. As there is a lack of good genetic markers we developed a set of 19 microsatellite markers comprising 16 new STR markers which were identified by next-generation sequencing (NGS) using 454 shot-gun pyrosequencing of genomic DNA. The STR markers were arranged into three multiplex PCR sets for high throughput genotyping and characterised. The marker set provides a powerful tool for kinship analysis. The combined non-exclusion probability for parent pairs was 1.13* 10-11. Only three loci showed PIC values < 0.50. In total, 121 known family relationships were compared with genetically calculated ones to test the markers suitability for parentage analysis. In 97.5% of all cases full-sibships were accurately determined and 97.6% of all mothers were assigned correctly to their chicks. The present multiplex PCR panels can be used to investigate several hypotheses concerning breeding behaviour, kinship, exchange rates between populations and phylogeography. KW - Circus pygargus KW - Dipetalogaster maxima KW - genotyping KW - microsatellite KW - Montagu’s harrier KW - multiplex PCR KW - next-generation sequencing KW - parentage analysis Y1 - 2014 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:526-opus4-5966 SN - 1874-4532 VL - 7 SP - 11 EP - 18 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Petrillo, Mauro A1 - Fabbri, Marco A1 - Kagkli, Dafni Maria A1 - Querci, Maddalena A1 - Van den Eede, Guy A1 - Alm, Erik A1 - Aytan-Aktug, Derya A1 - Capella-Gutierrez, Salvador A1 - Carrillo, Catherine A1 - Cestaro, Alessandro A1 - Chan, Kok-Gan A1 - Coque, Teresa A1 - Endrullat, Christoph A1 - Gut, Ivo A1 - Hammer, Paul A1 - Kay, Gemma L. A1 - Madec, Jean-Yves A1 - Mather, Alison E. A1 - McHardy, Alice Carolyn A1 - Naas, Thierry A1 - Paracchini, Valentina A1 - Peter, Silke A1 - Pightling, Arthur A1 - Raffael, Barbara A1 - Rossen, John A1 - Ruppé, Etienne A1 - Schlaberg, Robert A1 - Vanneste, Kevin A1 - Weber, Lukas M. A1 - Westh, Henrik A1 - Angers-Loustau, Alexandre T1 - A roadmap for the generation of benchmarking resources for antimicrobial resistance detection using next generation sequencing [version 1; peer review: 2 approved with reservations] JF - F1000Research N2 - Next Generation Sequencing technologies significantly impact the field of Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR) detection and monitoring, with immediate uses in diagnosis and risk assessment. For this application and in general, considerable challenges remain in demonstrating sufficient trust to act upon the meaningful information produced from raw data, partly because of the reliance on bioinformatics pipelines, which can produce different results and therefore lead to different interpretations. With the constant evolution of the field, it is difficult to identify, harmonise and recommend specific methods for large-scale implementations over time. In this article, we propose to address this challenge through establishing a transparent, performance-based, evaluation approach to provide flexibility in the bioinformatics tools of choice, while demonstrating proficiency in meeting common performance standards. The approach is two-fold: first, a community-driven effort to establish and maintain “live” (dynamic) benchmarking platforms to provide relevant performance metrics, based on different use-cases, that would evolve together with the AMR field; second, agreed and defined datasets to allow the pipelines’ implementation, validation, and quality-control over time. Following previous discussions on the main challenges linked to this approach, we provide concrete recommendations and future steps, related to different aspects of the design of benchmarks, such as the selection and the characteristics of the datasets (quality, choice of pathogens and resistances, etc.), the evaluation criteria of the pipelines, and the way these resources should be deployed in the community. KW - antimicrobial resistance KW - bioinformatics KW - next-generation sequencing KW - benchmarking Y1 - 2021 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:526-opus4-15699 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Endrullat, Christoph A1 - Glökler, Jörn A1 - Franke, Philipp A1 - Frohme, Marcus T1 - Standardization and quality management in next-generation sequencing JF - Applied & Translational Genomics N2 - DNA sequencing continues to evolve quickly even after > 30 years. Many new platforms suddenly appeared and former established systems have vanished in almost the same manner. Since establishment of next-generation sequencing devices, this progress gains momentum due to the continually growing demand for higher throughput, lower costs and better quality of data. In consequence of this rapid development, standardized procedures and data formats as well as comprehensive quality management considerations are still scarce. Here, we listed and summarized current standardization efforts and quality management initiatives from companies, organizations and societies in form of published studies and ongoing projects. These comprise on the one hand quality documentation issues like technical notes, accreditation checklists and guidelines for validation of sequencing workflows. On the other hand, general standard proposals and quality metrics are developed and applied to the sequencing workflow steps with the main focus on upstream processes. Finally, certain standard developments for downstream pipeline data handling, processing and storage are discussed in brief. These standardization approaches represent a first basis for continuing work in order to prospectively implement next-generation sequencing in important areas such as clinical diagnostics, where reliable results and fast processing is crucial. Additionally, these efforts will exert a decisive influence on traceability and reproducibility of sequence data. KW - next-generation sequencing KW - quality management KW - data quality KW - standardization KW - validation KW - guideline Y1 - 2016 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:526-opus4-6637 SN - 2212-0661 VL - 10 SP - 2 EP - 9 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Mohr, Gunther A1 - Nowakowski, Susanna A1 - Altenburg, Simon J. A1 - Maierhofer, Christiane A1 - Hilgenberg, Kai T1 - Experimental Determination of the Emissivity of Powder Layers and Bulk Material in Laser Powder Bed Fusion Using Infrared Thermography and Thermocouples JF - Metals N2 - Recording the temperature distribution of the layer under construction during laser powder bed fusion (L-PBF) is of utmost interest for a deep process understanding as well as for quality assurance and in situ monitoring means. While having a notable number of thermal monitoring approaches in additive manufacturing (AM), attempts at temperature calibration and emissivity determination are relatively rare. This study aims for the experimental temperature adjustment of an off-axis infrared (IR) thermography setup used for in situ thermal data acquisition in L-PBF processes. The temperature adjustment was conducted by means of the so-called contact method using thermocouples at two different surface conditions and two different materials: AISI 316L L-PBF bulk surface, AISI 316L powder surface, and IN718 powder surface. The apparent emissivity values for the particular setup were determined. For the first time, also corrected, closer to real emissivity values of the bulk or powder surface condition are published. In the temperature region from approximately 150 °C to 580 °C, the corrected emissivity was determined in a range from 0.2 to 0.25 for a 316L L-PBF bulk surface, in a range from 0.37 to 0.45 for 316L powder layer, and in a range from 0.37 to 0.4 for IN718 powder layer. KW - laser powder bed fusion (L-PBF) KW - selective laser melting (SLM) KW - laser beam melting (LBM) KW - thermography KW - emissivity KW - calibration KW - thermocouples KW - 316L KW - IN718 KW - process monitoring Y1 - 2020 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:526-opus4-13564 SN - 2075-4701 VL - 10 IS - 11 PB - MDPI ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Ristić, Alenka A1 - Furbo, Simon A1 - Moser, Christoph A1 - Schranzhofer, Hermann A1 - Lazaro, Ana A1 - Delgado, Monica A1 - Peñalosa, Conchita A1 - Zalewski, Laurent A1 - Diarce, Gonzalo A1 - Alkan, Cemil A1 - Gunasekara, Saman N. A1 - Haussmann, Thomas A1 - Gschwander, Stefan A1 - Rathgeber, Christoph A1 - Schmit, Henri A1 - Barreneche, Camila A1 - Cabeza, Luiza A1 - Ferrer, Gerard A1 - Konuklu, Yeliz A1 - Paksoy, Halime A1 - Rammelberg, Holger A1 - Munz, Gunther A1 - Herzog, Thomas H. A1 - Jänchen, Jochen A1 - del Barrio, Elena Palomo T1 - IEA SHC Task 42 / ECES Annex 29 WG A1: Engineering and Processing of PCMs, TCMs and Sorption Materials JF - Energy Procedia N2 - An overview on the recent results on the engineering and characterization of sorption materials, PCMs and TCMs investigated in the working group WG A1 “Engineering and processing of TES materials” of IEA SHC Task 42 / ECES Annex 29 (Task 4229) entitled “Compact Thermal Energy Storage” is presented. KW - engineering KW - processing KW - PCM KW - TCM KW - sorption material Y1 - 2016 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:526-opus4-6629 SN - 1876-6102 VL - 91 SP - 207 EP - 217 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Grebinyk, Anna A1 - Prylutska, Svitlana A1 - Grynyuk, I. A1 - Kolp, Benjamin A1 - Hurmach, V. A1 - Sliva, T. A1 - Amirkhanov, Volodymyr A1 - Trush, V. A1 - Matyshevska, Olga A1 - Slobodyanik, M. A1 - Prylutskyy, Yuriy A1 - Frohme, Marcus A1 - Ritter, Uwe T1 - C60 Fullerene Effects on Diphenyl-N-(trichloroacetyl)-amidophosphate Interaction with DNA In Silico and Its Cytotoxic Activity Against Human Leukemic Cell Line In Vitro JF - Nanoscale Research Letters N2 - New representative of carbacylamidophosphates - diphenyl-N-(trichloroacetyl)-amidophosphate (HL), which contains two phenoxy substituents near the phosphoryl group, was synthesized, identified by elemental analysis and IR and NMR spectroscopy, and tested as a cytotoxic agent itself and in combination with C60 fullerene. According to molecular simulation results, C60 fullerene and HL could interact with DNA and form a rigid complex stabilized by stacking interactions of HL phenyl groups with C60 fullerene and DNA G nucleotide, as well as by interactions of HL CCl3 group by ion-π bonds with C60 molecule and by electrostatic bonds with DNA G nucleotide. With the use of MTT test, the cytotoxic activity of HL against human leukemic CCRF-CM cells with IC50 value detected at 10 μM concentration at 72 h of cells treatment was shown. Under combined action of 16 μM C60 fullerene and HL, the value of IC50 was detected at lower 5 μM HL concentration and at earlier 48 h period of incubation, besides the cytotoxic effect of HL was observed at a low 2.5 μM concentration at which HL by itself had no influence on cell viability. Binding of C60 fullerene and HL with minor DNA groove with formation of a stable complex is assumed to be one of the possible reasons of their synergistic inhibition of CCRF-CЕM cells proliferation. Application of C60 fullerene in combination with 2.5 μM HL was shown to have no harmful effect on structural stability of blood erythrocytes membrane. Thus, combined action of C60 fullerene and HL in a low concentration potentiated HL cytotoxic effect against human leukemic cells and was not followed by hemolytic effect. KW - diphenyl-N-(trichloroacetyl)-amidophosphate (HL) KW - C60 fullerene KW - leukemic CCRF-CEM cell KW - DNA KW - molecular simulation Y1 - 2018 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:526-opus4-10515 SN - 1556-276X VL - 2018 SP - 1 EP - 9 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Hollmann, Susanne A1 - Frohme, Marcus A1 - Endrullat, Christoph A1 - Kremer, Andreas A1 - D'Elia, Domenica A1 - Regierer, Babette A1 - Nechyporenko, Alina T1 - Ten simple rules on how to write a standard operating procedure JF - PLoS Computational Biology N2 - Research publications and data nowadays should be publicly available on the internet and, theoretically, usable for everyone to develop further research, products, or services. The long-term accessibility of research data is, therefore, fundamental in the economy of the research production process. However, the availability of data is not sufficient by itself, but also their quality must be verifiable. Measures to ensure reuse and reproducibility need to include the entire research life cycle, from the experimental design to the generation of data, quality control, statistical analysis, interpretation, and validation of the results. Hence, high-quality records, particularly for providing a string of documents for the verifiable origin of data, are essential elements that can act as a certificate for potential users (customers). These records also improve the traceability and transparency of data and processes, therefore, improving the reliability of results. Standards for data acquisition, analysis, and documentation have been fostered in the last decade driven by grassroot initiatives of researchers and organizations such as the Research Data Alliance (RDA). Nevertheless, what is still largely missing in the life science academic research are agreed procedures for complex routine research workflows. Here, well-crafted documentation like standard operating procedures (SOPs) offer clear direction and instructions specifically designed to avoid deviations as an absolute necessity for reproducibility. Therefore, this paper provides a standardized workflow that explains step by step how to write an SOP to be used as a starting point for appropriate research documentation. Y1 - 2020 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:526-opus4-13598 SN - 1553-7358 VL - 16 IS - 9 SP - e1008095 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Prylutska, Svitlana A1 - Grynyuk, I. A1 - Grebinyk, Anna A1 - Hurmach, V. A1 - Shatrava, Iu. A1 - Sliva, T. A1 - Amirkhanov, Volodymyr A1 - Prylutskyy, Yuriy A1 - Matyshevska, Olga A1 - Slobodyanik, M. A1 - Frohme, Marcus A1 - Ritter, Uwe T1 - Cytotoxic Effects of Dimorfolido-N-Trichloroacetylphosphorylamide and Dimorfolido-N-Benzoylphosphorylamide in Combination with C60 Fullerene on Leukemic Cells and Docking Study of Their Interaction with DNA JF - Nanoscale Research Letters N2 - Dimorfolido-N-trichloroacetylphosphorylamide (HL1) and dimorfolido-N-benzoylphosphorylamide (HL2) as representatives of carbacylamidophosphates were synthesized and identified by the methods of IR, 1H, and 31P NMR spectroscopy. In vitro HL1 and HL2 at 1 mM concentration caused cell specific and time-dependent decrease of leukemic cell viability. Compounds caused the similar gradual decrease of Jurkat cells viability at 72 h (by 35%). HL1 had earlier and more profound toxic effect as compared to HL2 regardless on leukemic cell line. Viability of Molt-16 and CCRF-CEM cells under the action of HL1 was decreased at 24 h (by 32 and 45%, respectively) with no substantial further reducing up to 72 h. Toxic effect of HL2 was detected only at 72 h of incubation of Jurkat and Molt-16 cells (cell viability was decreased by 40 and 45%, respectively). It was shown that C60 fullerene enhanced the toxic effect of HL2 on leukemic cells. Viability of Jurkat and CCRF-CEM cells at combined action of C60 fullerene and HL2 was decreased at 72 h (by 20 and 24%, respectively) in comparison with the effect of HL2 taken separately. In silico study showed that HL1 and HL2 can interact with DNA and form complexes with DNA both separately and in combination with C60 fullerene. More stable complexes are formed when DNA interacts with HL1 or C60 + HL2 structure. Strong stacking interactions can be formed between HL2 and C60 fullerene. Differences in the types of identified bonds and ways of binding can determine distinction in cytotoxic effects of studied compounds. KW - dimorfolido-N-trichloroacetylphosphorylamide KW - dimorfolido-N-benzoylphosphorylamide KW - C60 fullerene KW - leukemic cell KW - DNA KW - computer modeling Y1 - 2017 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:526-opus4-9273 SN - 1556-276X VL - 12 IS - 124 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Akhoundi, Mohammad A1 - Kuhls, Katrin A1 - Cannet, Arnaud A1 - Votýpka, Jan A1 - Marty, Pierre A1 - Delaunay, Pascal A1 - Sereno, Denis T1 - A Historical Overview of the Classification, Evolution, and Dispersion of Leishmania Parasites and Sandflies JF - PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases N2 - The aim of this study is to describe the major evolutionary historical events among Leishmania, sandflies, and the associated animal reservoirs in detail, in accordance with the geographical evolution of the Earth, which has not been previously discussed on a large scale. Y1 - 2016 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:526-opus4-5853 SN - 1935-2735 VL - 10 IS - 3 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Amro, Ahmad A1 - Al-Dwibe, Hamida A1 - Gashout, Aisha A1 - Moskalenko, Olga A1 - Galafin, Marlena A1 - Hamarsheh, Omar A1 - Frohme, Marcus A1 - Jaeschke, Anja A1 - Schönian, Gabriele A1 - Kuhls, Katrin T1 - Spatiotemporal and molecular epidemiology of cutaneous leishmaniasis in Libya JF - PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases N2 - Cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) is a skin infection caused by a single-celled parasite that is transmitted by the bite of a phlebotomine sandfly. CL is the most common form of leishmaniasis characterized by localized lesions in the skin and mucous membranes. The disease is prevalent in all countries around the Mediterranean Basin. In this paper, we describe spatiotemporal and eco-epidemiological parameters of CL in Libya. Moreover, we explored current spatiotemporal distributions of CL cases and explored the future projection of the disease. Our study indicates the presence of higher risk of CL in the coastal regions of Libya. Future projection until 2060 showed a trend of increasing incidence of CL in the north-western part of Libya, a spread along the coastal region and a possible emergence of new endemics in the north-eastern districts of Libya. These scenarios should be considered by health authorities in order to develop appropriate intervention strategies and plan effective control programs. Y1 - 2017 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:526-opus4-10054 SN - 1935-2735 VL - 11 IS - 9 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Kuhls, Katrin A1 - Moskalenko, Olga A1 - Sukiasyan, Anna A1 - Manukyan, Dezdemonia A1 - Melik-Andreasyan, Gayane A1 - Atshemyan, Liana A1 - Apresyan, Hripsime A1 - Strelkova, Margarita V. A1 - Jaeschke, Anja A1 - Wieland, Ralf A1 - Frohme, Marcus A1 - Cortes, Sofia A1 - Keshishyan, Ara T1 - Microsatellite based molecular epidemiology of Leishmania infantum from re-emerging foci of visceral leishmaniasis in Armenia and pilot risk assessment by ecological niche modeling JF - PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases N2 - Leishmaniasis is a vector-borne disease caused by protozoan parasites of the genus Leishmania. In Armenia visceral leishmaniasis (VL) is re-emerging since 1999 after a long break of 30 years, with 167 cases recorded until 2019. Molecular diagnosis of VL was implemented only in 2016, and the causative agent was identified as L. infantum. In the present study we expanded the investigation of the causative agent to a characterization at strain level and the identification of its phylogenetic position among the L. infantum genotypes circulating worldwide. This is the first study addressing genetic diversity and population structure of L. infantum in Armenia and in Transcaucasia. Armenia is an extremely interesting region due to its bio-geographic specificities e.g. the high number of different climates in this small mountainous country and the observed high diversity of sand fly species, part of which occurring in very high altitudes. Ecological niche modeling based on registered VL cases and sand fly vectors collected in active VL foci revealed that the risk of further spread of VL is very high due to climate change. Studies of this region should be expanded to enable targeted control measures. Y1 - 2021 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:526-opus4-14004 SN - 1935-2735 VL - 15 IS - 4 SP - e0009288 PB - Public Library of Science (PLoS) ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Amro, Ahmad A1 - Moskalenko, Olga A1 - Hamarsheh, Omar A1 - Frohme, Marcus T1 - Spatiotemporal analysis of cutaneous leishmaniasis in Palestine and foresight study by projections modelling until 2060 based on climate change prediction JF - PLoS ONE N2 - Background Cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) is a vector-borne parasitic diseases of public health importance that is prevalent in the West Bank but not in the Gaza Strip. The disease caused by parasitic protozoans from the genus Leishmania and it is transmitted by infected phlebotomine sand flies. The aim of our study is to investigate the eco-epidemiological parameters and spatiotemporal projections of CL in Palestine over a 30-years period from 1990 through 2020 and to explore future projections until 2060. Methodology/Principal findings This long-term descriptive epidemiological study includes investigation of demographic characteristics of reported patients by the Palestinian Ministry of Health (PMoH). Moreover, we explored spatiotemporal distribution of CL including future projection based on climate change scenarios. The number of CL patients reported during this period was 5855 cases, and the average annual incidence rate (AAIR) was 18.5 cases/105 population. The male to female ratio was 1.25:1. Patients-age ranged from 2 months to 89 years (mean = 22.5, std 18.67, and the median was 18 years). More than 65% of the cases came from three governates in the West Bank; Jenin 29% (1617 cases), Jericho 25% (1403), and Tubas 12% (658) with no cases reported in the Gaza Strip. Seasonal occurrence of CL starts to increase in December and peaked during March and April of the following year. Current distribution of CL indicate that Jericho, Tubas, Jenin and Nablus have the most suitable climatic settings for the sandfly vectors. Future projections until 2060 suggest an increasing incidence from northwest of Jenin down to the southwest of Ramallah, disappearance of the foci in Jericho and Tubas throughout the Jordan Vally, and possible emergence of new foci in Gaza Strip. Conclusions/Significance The future projection of CL in Palestine until 2060 show a tendency of increasing incidence in the north western parts of the West Bank, disappearance from Jericho and Tubas throughout the Jordan Vally, and emergence of new CL endemic foci in the Gaza Strip. These results should be considered to implement effective control and surveillance systems to counteract spatial expansion of CL vectors. Y1 - 2022 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:526-opus4-16166 SN - 1932-6203 VL - 17 IS - 6 PB - Public Library of Science (PLoS) ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Marcos-Zambrano, Laura Judith A1 - López-Molina, Víctor Manuel A1 - Bakir-Gungor, Burcu A1 - Frohme, Marcus A1 - Karaduzovic-Hadziabdic, Kanita A1 - Klammsteiner, Thomas A1 - Ibrahimi, Eliana A1 - Lahti, Leo A1 - Loncar-Turukalo, Tatjana A1 - Dhamo, Xhilda A1 - Simeon, Andrea A1 - Nechyporenko, Alina A1 - Pio, Gianvito A1 - Przymus, Piotr A1 - Sampri, Alexia A1 - Trajkovik, Vladimir A1 - Lacruz-Pleguezuelos, Blanca A1 - Aasmets, Oliver A1 - Araujo, Ricardo A1 - Anagnostopoulos, Ioannis A1 - Aydemir, Önder A1 - Berland, Magali A1 - Calle, M. Luz A1 - Ceci, Michelangelo A1 - Duman, Hatice A1 - Gündoğdu, Aycan A1 - Havulinna, Aki S. A1 - Kaka Bra, Kardokh Hama Najib A1 - Kalluci, Eglantina A1 - Karav, Sercan A1 - Lode, Daniel A1 - Lopes, Marta B. A1 - May, Patrick A1 - Nap, Bram A1 - Nedyalkova, Miroslava A1 - Paciência, Inês A1 - Pasic, Lejla A1 - Pujolassos, Meritxell A1 - Shigdel, Rajesh A1 - Susín, Antonio A1 - Thiele, Ines A1 - Truică, Ciprian-Octavian A1 - Wilmes, Paul A1 - Yilmaz, Ercument A1 - Yousef, Malik A1 - Claesson, Marcus Joakim A1 - Truu, Jaak A1 - Carrillo de Santa Pau, Enrique T1 - A toolbox of machine learning software to support microbiome analysis JF - Frontiers in Microbiology N2 - The human microbiome has become an area of intense research due to its potential impact on human health. However, the analysis and interpretation of this data have proven to be challenging due to its complexity and high dimensionality. Machine learning (ML) algorithms can process vast amounts of data to uncover informative patterns and relationships within the data, even with limited prior knowledge. Therefore, there has been a rapid growth in the development of software specifically designed for the analysis and interpretation of microbiome data using ML techniques. These software incorporate a wide range of ML algorithms for clustering, classification, regression, or feature selection, to identify microbial patterns and relationships within the data and generate predictive models. This rapid development with a constant need for new developments and integration of new features require efforts into compile, catalog and classify these tools to create infrastructures and services with easy, transparent, and trustable standards. Here we review the state-of-the-art for ML tools applied in human microbiome studies, performed as part of the COST Action ML4Microbiome activities. This scoping review focuses on ML based software and framework resources currently available for the analysis of microbiome data in humans. The aim is to support microbiologists and biomedical scientists to go deeper into specialized resources that integrate ML techniques and facilitate future benchmarking to create standards for the analysis of microbiome data. The software resources are organized based on the type of analysis they were developed for and the ML techniques they implement. A description of each software with examples of usage is provided including comments about pitfalls and lacks in the usage of software based on ML methods in relation to microbiome data that need to be considered by developers and users. This review represents an extensive compilation to date, offering valuable insights and guidance for researchers interested in leveraging ML approaches for microbiome analysis. KW - microbiome KW - machine learning KW - software KW - feature generation KW - feature analysis KW - data integration KW - microbial gene prediction KW - microbial metabolic modeling Y1 - 2023 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:526-opus4-18271 UR - https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmicb.2023.1250806/ SN - 1664-302X VL - 14 PB - Frontiers ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Haklay, Muki A1 - Fraisl, Dilek A1 - Greshake Tzovaras, Bastian A1 - Hecker, Susanne A1 - Gold, Margaret A1 - Hager, Gerid A1 - Ceccaroni, Luigi A1 - Kieslinger, Barbara A1 - Wehn, Uta A1 - Woods, Sasha A1 - Nold, Christian A1 - Balázs, Bálint A1 - Mazzonetto, Marzia A1 - Rüfenacht, Simone A1 - Shanley, Lea A. A1 - Wagenknecht, Katherin A1 - Motion, Alice A1 - Sforzi, Andrea A1 - Riemenschneider, Dorte A1 - Dorler, Daniel A1 - Heigl, Florian A1 - Schaefer, Teresa A1 - Lindner, Ariel A1 - Weißpflug, Maike A1 - Mačiulienė, Monika A1 - Vohland, Katrin T1 - Contours of citizen science: a vignette study JF - Royal Society Open Science N2 - Citizen science has expanded rapidly over the past decades. Yet, defining citizen science and its boundaries remained a challenge, and this is reflected in the literature—for example in the proliferation of typologies and definitions. There is a need for identifying areas of agreement and disagreement within the citizen science practitioners community on what should be considered as citizen science activity. This paper describes the development and results of a survey that examined this issue, through the use of vignettes—short case descriptions that describe an activity, while asking the respondents to rate the activity on a scale from ‘not citizen science’ (0%) to ‘citizen science’ (100%). The survey included 50 vignettes, of which five were developed as clear cases of not-citizen science activities, five as widely accepted citizen science activities and the others addressing 10 factors and 61 sub-factors that can lead to controversy about an activity. The survey has attracted 333 respondents, who provided over 5100 ratings. The analysis demonstrates the plurality of understanding of what citizen science is and calls for an open understanding of what activities are included in the field. Y1 - 2021 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:526-opus4-14781 VL - 8 IS - 8 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Böttcher, René A1 - Hoogland, A. Marije A1 - Dits, Natasja A1 - Verhoef, Esther A1 - Kweldam, Charlotte A1 - Waranecki, Piotr A1 - Bangma, Chris H. A1 - van Leenders, Geert J.L.H. A1 - Jenster, Guido T1 - Novel long non-coding RNAs are specific diagnostic and prognostic markers for prostate cancer JF - Oncotarget N2 - Current prostate cancer (PCa) biomarkers such as PSA are not optimal in distinguishing cancer from benign prostate diseases and predicting disease outcome. To discover additional biomarkers, we investigated PCa-specific expression of novel unannotated transcripts. Using the unique probe design of Affymetrix Human Exon Arrays, we identified 334 candidates (EPCATs), of which 15 were validated by RT-PCR. Combined into a diagnostic panel, 11 EPCATs classified 80% of PCa samples correctly, while maintaining 100% specificity. High specificity was confirmed by in situ hybridization for EPCAT4R966 and EPCAT2F176 (SChLAP1) on extensive tissue microarrays. Besides being diagnostic, EPCAT2F176 and EPCAT4R966 showed significant association with pT-stage and were present in PIN lesions. We also found EPCAT2F176 and EPCAT2R709 to be associated with development of metastases and PCa-related death, and EPCAT2F176 to be enriched in lymph node metastases. Functional significance of expression of 9 EPCATs was investigated by siRNA transfection, revealing that knockdown of 5 different EPCATs impaired growth of LNCaP and 22RV1 PCa cells. Only the minority of EPCATs appear to be controlled by androgen receptor or ERG. Although the underlying transcriptional regulation is not fully understood, the novel PCa-associated transcripts are new diagnostic and prognostic markers with functional relevance to prostate cancer growth. KW - long non-coding RNA KW - prostate cancer KW - in situ hybridization KW - exon array KW - biomarker Y1 - 2015 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:526-opus4-6329 SN - 1949-2553 VL - 6 IS - 6 SP - 4036 EP - 4050 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Smekhova, Alevtina A1 - Szyjka, Thomas A1 - La Torre, Enrico A1 - Ollefs, Katharina A1 - Eggert, Benedikt A1 - Coester, Birte A1 - Wilhelm, Fabrice A1 - Bali, Rantej A1 - Lindner, Jürgen A1 - Rogalev, Andrei A1 - Többens, Daniel Maria A1 - Weschke, Eugen A1 - Luo, Chen A1 - Chen, Kai A1 - Radu, Florin A1 - Schmitz-Antoniak, Carolin A1 - Wende, Heiko T1 - Irradiation-induced enhancement of Fe and Al magnetic polarizations in Fe60Al40 films JF - New Journal of Physics N2 - The rise of Fe magnetic moment, changes in Al electronic structure and a variation of Al magnetic polarization in thin films of transition metal aluminide Fe60Al40 have been probed through the order-disorder phase transition by soft X-ray absorption spectroscopy and X-ray resonant magnetic reflectivity in the extreme ultraviolet regime. In a course of the transition induced by 20 keV Ne+ irradiation with low fluences (1014 ions·cm-2), X-ray magnetic circular dichroism spectra taken at the Fe L2,3 absorption edges at room and low temperatures revealed a pronounced increase of Fe 3d states spin-polarization. X-ray resonant magnetic reflectivity applied to the Al L2,3 and Fe M2,3 edges allowed to detect the magnetic polarization of Al atoms in the films. The changes in Al electronic structure have been seen by alteration of Al K edge X-ray absorption near edge structure. A difference in anisotropy fields for films before and after irradiation has been observed by element-specific hysteresis loops recorded at low temperatures in absorption and reflection geometries at the Fe L2,3 and M2,3 edges, respectively. An attempt to reduce the top oxide layer by an inductively coupled hydrogen plasma has shown a possibility to recover the chemically ordered phase. KW - chemical disorder KW - ion-irradiation KW - XANES KW - XMCD KW - plasma treatment Y1 - 2024 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:526-opus4-18381 SN - 1367-2630 VL - 26 PB - Institute of Physics Publishing (IOP) ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Kagel, Heike A1 - Bier, Frank Fabian A1 - Frohme, Marcus A1 - Glökler, Jörn T1 - A Novel Optical Method To Reversibly Control Enzymatic Activity Based On Photoacids JF - Scientific Reports N2 - Most biochemical reactions depend on the pH value of the aqueous environment and some are strongly favoured to occur in an acidic environment. A non-invasive control of pH to tightly regulate such reactions with defined start and end points is a highly desirable feature in certain applications, but has proven difficult to achieve so far. We report a novel optical approach to reversibly control a typical biochemical reaction by changing the pH and using acid phosphatase as a model enzyme. The reversible photoacid G-acid functions as a proton donor, changing the pH rapidly and reversibly by using high power UV LEDs as an illumination source in our experimental setup. The reaction can be tightly controlled by simply switching the light on and off and should be applicable to a wide range of other enzymatic reactions, thus enabling miniaturization and parallelization through non-invasive optical means. Y1 - 2019 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:526-opus4-12685 SN - 2045-2322 VL - 9 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Kagel, Heike A1 - Jacobs, Hannes A1 - Bier, Frank Fabian A1 - Glökler, Jörn A1 - Frohme, Marcus T1 - A Novel Microtiter Plate Format High Power Open Source LED Array JF - Photonics N2 - Many photochemical or photobiological applications require the use of high power ultraviolet light sources, such as high-pressure mercury arc lamps. In addition, many photo-induced chemical, biochemical and biological applications require either a combinatorial setting or a parallel assay of multiple samples under the same environmental conditions to ensure reproducibility. To achieve this, alternative, controllable light sources, such as ultraviolet light emitting diodes (UV LEDs) with high power and spatial control are required. Preferably, LEDs are arranged in a suitable standardized 96-well microtiter plate format. We designed such an array and established the methods required for heat management and enabling stable, controllable illumination over time. KW - optics KW - photonics KW - light KW - LED array KW - High-power LED KW - 365 nm KW - microtiter plate Y1 - 2019 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:526-opus4-11307 SN - 2304-6732 VL - 6 IS - 1 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Kniha, Edwin A1 - Dvořák, Vít A1 - Halada, Petr A1 - Milchram, Markus A1 - Obwaller, Adelheid G. A1 - Kuhls, Katrin A1 - Schlegel, Susanne A1 - Köhsler, Martina A1 - Poeppl, Wolfgang A1 - Bakran-Lebl, Karin A1 - Fuehrer, Hans-Peter A1 - Volfová, Věra A1 - Mooseder, Gerhard A1 - Ivovic, Vladimir A1 - Volf, Petr A1 - Walochnik, Julia T1 - Integrative Approach to Phlebotomus mascittii Grassi, 1908: First Record in Vienna with New Morphological and Molecular Insights JF - Pathogens N2 - Sand flies (Diptera: Psychodidae: Phlebotominae) are blood-feeding insects that transmit the protozoan parasites Leishmania spp. and various arthropod-borne (arbo) viruses. While in Mediterranean parts of Europe the sand fly fauna is diverse, in Central European countries including Austria mainly Phlebotomus mascittii is found, an assumed but unproven vector of Leishmania infantum. To update the currently understudied sand fly distribution in Austria, a sand fly survey was performed and other entomological catches were screened for sand flies. Seven new trapping locations of Ph. mascittii are reported including the first record in Vienna, representing also one of the first findings of this species in a city. Morphological identification, supported by fluorescence microscopy, was confirmed by two molecular approaches, including sequencing and matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) protein profiling. Sand fly occurrence and activity were evaluated based on surveyed locations, habitat requirements and climatic parameters. Moreover, a first comparison of European Ph. mascittii populations was made by two marker genes, cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (COI), and cytochrome b (cytb), as well as MALDI-TOF mass spectra. Our study provides new important records of Ph. mascittii in Austria and valuable data for prospective entomological surveys. MALDI-TOF MS protein profiling was shown to be a reliable tool for differentiation between sand fly species. Rising temperatures and globalization demand for regular entomological surveys to monitor changes in species distribution and composition. This is also important with respect to the possible vector competence of Ph. mascittii. KW - Transphlebotomus KW - Central Europe KW - autoimmunofluorescence KW - MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry KW - genotyping KW - leishmaniasis Y1 - 2020 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:526-opus4-13600 SN - 2076-0817 VL - 9 IS - 12 PB - MDPI ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Demski, Nils Maximilian A1 - Seidlitz, Holger A1 - Kuke, Felix A1 - Dorn, Oliver Niklas A1 - Zoglauer, Janina A1 - Hückstaedt, Tobias A1 - Kamm, Paul Hans A1 - García-Moreno, Francisco A1 - Kremp, Noah A1 - Dreyer, Christian A1 - Oberschmidt, Dirk T1 - Flow-Line-Reducing Tetrahedral Metal Effect Pigments for Injection Molding: A Yield-Rate-Improved Particle Manufacturing Method Based on Soft UVImprint Lithography JF - Polymers N2 - This publication presents an improved manufacturing method for tetrahedral metal effect pigment particles that demonstrates reduced flowlines in injection-molded polymer components compared with conventional platelet-shaped pigment particles. The previously published cold forming process for tetrahedral particles, made entirely from aluminum, faced manufacturing challenges, resulting in a high reject rate due to particle adhesion to the micro-structured mold roller. In contrast, this study introduces a new manufacturing method for tetrahedral particles, now consisting of metallized UV-cured thermoset polymer. These particles, dispersed in amorphous matrix thermoplastics, have shown to maintain their shape during the injection molding process. The manufacturing technique for these novel particles is based on UV imprint lithography, omitting the reject rates compared with the previously presented cold rolling process of tetrahedral full aluminum particles. Thus, the novel manufacturing technique for tetrahedral pigment particles shows increased potential for automation through roll-to-roll manufacturing in the future. KW - flowline KW - injection molding KW - metal effect pigment KW - tetrahedral polymer particle KW - weld line Y1 - 2025 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:526-opus4-20850 SN - 2073-4360 VL - 17 IS - 19 PB - MDPI ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Baleela, Rania A1 - Llewellyn, Martin S. A1 - Fitzpatrick, Sinead A1 - Kuhls, Katrin A1 - Schönian, Gabriele A1 - Miles, Michael A. A1 - Mauricio, Isabel L. T1 - Leishmania donovani populations in Eastern Sudan: temporal structuring and a link between human and canine transmission JF - Parasites & Vectors N2 - Visceral leishmaniasis (VL), caused by the members of the Leishmania donovani complex, has been responsible for devastating VL epidemics in the Sudan. Multilocus microsatellite and sequence typing studies can provide valuable insights into the molecular epidemiology of leishmaniasis, when applied at local scales. Here we present population genetic data for a large panel of strains and clones collected in endemic Sudan between 1993 and 2001. Y1 - 2014 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:526-opus4-5921 SN - 1756-3305 VL - 7 IS - 496 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Tanne, Johannes A1 - Kracher, Daniel A1 - Dietzel, Birgit A1 - Schulz, Burkhard A1 - Ludwig, Roland A1 - Lisdat, Fred A1 - Scheller, Frieder W. A1 - Bier, Frank Fabian T1 - Carboxylated or Aminated Polyaniline—Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes Nanohybrids for Immobilization of Cellobiose Dehydrogenase on Gold Electrodes JF - Biosensors N2 - Polymer-multiwalled carbon nanotube (MWCNT) nanohybrids, which differ in surface charge have been synthesized to study the bioelectrocatalysis of adsorbed cellobiose dehydrogenase (CDH) from Phanerochaete sordida on gold electrodes. To obtain negatively charged nanohybrids, poly(3-amino-4-methoxybenzoic acid-co-aniline) (P(AMB-A)) was covalently linked to the surface of MWCNTs while modification with p-phenylenediamine (PDA) converted the COOH-groups to positively charged amino groups. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) measurements verified the p-phenylenediamine (PDA) modification of the polymer-CNT nanohybrids. The positively charged nanohybrid MWCNT-P(AMB-A)-PDA promoted direct electron transfer (DET) of CDH to the electrode and bioelectrocatalysis of lactose was observed. Amperometric measurements gave an electrochemical response with KMapp = 8.89 mM and a current density of 410 nA/cm2 (15 mM lactose). The catalytic response was tested at pH 3.5 and 4.5. Interference by ascorbic acid was not observed. The study proves that DET between the MWCNT-P(AMB-A)-PDA nanohybrids and CDH is efficient and allows the sensorial detection of lactose. KW - multiwalled carbon nanotube KW - polyaniline KW - nanohybrids KW - cellobiose dehydrogenase Y1 - 2014 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:526-opus4-5826 SN - 2079-6374 VL - 4 IS - 4 SP - 370 EP - 386 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Fischbach, Jens A1 - Loh, Qiuting A1 - Bier, Frank Fabian A1 - Lim, Theam Soon A1 - Frohme, Marcus A1 - Glökler, Jörn T1 - Alizarin Red S for Online Pyrophosphate Detection Identified by a Rapid Screening Method JF - Scientific Reports N2 - We identified Alizarin Red S and other well known fluorescent dyes useful for the online detection of pyrophosphate in enzymatic assays, including the loop mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assays. An iterative screening was used for a selected set of compounds to first secure enzyme compatibility, evaluate inorganic pyrophosphate sensitivity in the presence of manganese as quencher and optimize conditions for an online detection. Of the selected dyes, the inexpensive alizarin red S was found to selectively detect pyrophosphate under LAMP and PCR conditions and is superior with respect to its defined red-shifted spectrum, long shelf life and low toxicity. In addition, the newly identified properties may also be useful in other enzymatic assays which do not generate nucleic acids but are based on inorganic pyrophosphate. Finally, we propose that our screening method may provide a blueprint for rapid screening of compounds for detecting inorganic pyrophosphate. KW - biochemical assay KW - fluorescent dye KW - screening Y1 - 2017 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:526-opus4-9248 SN - 2045-2322 VL - 7 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Rievaj, Vladimir A1 - Stopka, Ondrej A1 - Vrabel, Jan A1 - Mokrickova, Lenka A1 - Schmidt, Conrad T1 - The Impact of Air Resistance on the Fuel Consumption in Real Conditions within the Transport Operation JF - Communications - Scientific Letters of the University of Zilina N2 - This paper presents the impact of air resistance (air resistance) on fuel consumption of the particular vehicle under real traffic conditions. In the introductory and subsequent part of the paper, the individual resistances influencing the moving vehicle are characterized. In the following chapter, the specific factors such as air resistance, driving speed, air temperature and air resistance coefficient in the context of their impact on fuel consumption of the particular vehicle are identified and described; as well as the comparisons of fuel consumption when the vehicle is moving on the highway with closed and open windows under different conditions of road traffic are performed. KW - air resistance KW - vehicles fuel consumption KW - resistance KW - driving speed KW - air temperature KW - air resistance coefficient Y1 - 2016 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:526-opus4-21159 VL - 18 IS - 2 SP - 57 EP - 61 PB - University of Žilina CY - Žilina ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Neumann, Gaby T1 - From human experts to AI agents: Agentic AI for knowledge-intense problem-solving in logistics? T2 - Proceedings of the 26th European Conference on Knowledge Management : VOL 1 N2 - Logistics planning is a complex and complicated problem solving process requiring a wide range of knowledge and competence. A planning person or team represents a particular set of knowledge, skills, experience and personal attitudes. His, her or their level of competence decides about success or failure of the planning and about the quality of its results. With this, logistics planning is knowledge-based and knowledge-creating. Because of this, Knowledge Management can provide tremendous support to the planning person. Even though, there is a wide variety of (software) tools applicable to solve specific sub-problems throughout the planning process, human expertise is the key to develop creative planning solutions so far. Latest developments with regard to Artificial Intelligence (AI) might change this picture. AI is one of the most promising technological advancements, but also one of the most ambivalently discussed topics these days. It has surpassed humans at a number of tasks already and continues in doing so at new tasks in an increasing rate. Because of this, AI is capable to assist humans in many different ways. The latest boost of development moved AI application from those sophisticated communicators or task-oriented AI to intelligent agents or agentic AI allowing for autonomous, goal-driven decision-making. Hybrid approaches combine those advanced AI capabilities with human oversight, offering context-aware adaptability without full autonomy. In this way, artificial intelligence and human intelligence join forces in teams, for example, to solve complex problems creatively. Against this background, the paper analyses agentic AI with regard to its potential to support creative problem solving in a knowledge-intense field like logistics planning. Will AI agents become co-workers in logistics planning teams or can agentic AI design logistics solutions autonomously? With this, the paper focusses on chances and challenges coming with the highly dynamic evolution of AI within a complex, knowledge-intense application area where human experience, problem-solving capability and creativity is decisive. It contributes to discussions about necessary adjustments in how organizations manage their knowledge considering artificial and human intelligence. KW - AI agent KW - agentic AI KW - knowledge management KW - knowledge sharing KW - logistics planning KW - problem-solving Y1 - 2025 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:526-opus4-21223 SP - 719 EP - 727 PB - Academic Conferences and Publishing International CY - Reading ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Popa, Mihaela A1 - Schmidt, Conrad T1 - On the Rail-Based Freight Corridor Between CE and SEE Regions and the Main Obstacles on Romanian Territory JF - Transport Problems N2 - The project “Freight and Logistics Advancement in Central/South-East Europe - Validation of trade and transport processes, Implementation of improvement actions, Application of co-coordinated structures” (in short - FLAVIA) is carried out under the Central Europe – Cooperation for Success Programme, cofunded by the European Regional Development Fund. One of the main objectives of FLAVIA project is to consolidate a logistic corridor from Central Europe (CE) to the South-East Europe (SEE) and the Black Sea Region, based on rail and inland waterways intermodal transport. In this paper we discuss the partial outputs of FLAVIA project, mainly related to the identified actual status of rail-based intermodal transport and trade obstacles of the freight flows on the Romanian territory and the used methodology. Several operational and long-term measures to improve the trade and intermodal transport are listed, considering the advantages of the geo-strategic potential of Romania location, connected with the several improvement directions already considered into the new released intermodal strategy. KW - FLAVIA project KW - intermodal transport corridor KW - European transnational fright flow Y1 - 2013 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:526-opus4-21193 UR - http://transportproblems.polsl.pl/pl/Archiwum/2013/zeszyt1/2013t8z1_05.pdf VL - 8 IS - 1 SP - 47 EP - 56 PB - Silesian University of Technology ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Vrabel, Jan A1 - Stopka, Ondrej A1 - Rievaj, Vladimir A1 - Sarkan, Branislav A1 - Pruskova, Kristyna A1 - Michalk, Philip T1 - Measuring the Resistance of Tires for Passenger Vehicle against the Rolling and Sliding on Loading Area of the Flatbed Truck when Providing the Transport Services JF - Communications - Scientific Letters of the University of Zilina N2 - This paper deals with the size of the forces affecting the vehicle during the transportation on a flatbed truck, railway wagon or container. It is necessary to secure the vehicle against these forces properly in order to prevent vehicles replacement. The laboratory measurements were performed in order to find out the size of coefficient of friction between the tire and the vehicles loading area. During the measurements, vehicle had different gears in order to determine to what extent the size of mechanical resistances affects the fixing and securing the vehicle against its replacement on the loading area. However, this paper does not propose the solution for securing the passenger vehicle on the loading area of a truck, railway wagon or container. KW - mechanical resistance of the vehicle KW - fixing KW - securing KW - loading area KW - sliding friction KW - dynamic coefficient of the sliding friction Y1 - 2016 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:526-opus4-21168 VL - 18 IS - 2 SP - 124 EP - 128 PB - University of Žilina ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Kubanova, Jaroslava A1 - Schmidt, Conrad T1 - Multimodal and Intermodal Transportation Systems JF - Communications - Scientific Letters of the University of Zilina N2 - The aim of this paper is to provide information on the general characterization of multimodal transport, intermodal and combined transport. There is also mentioned the distribution of basic transport processes and types of transhipment. Finally, this paper describes the practical examples of multimodal transport. KW - multimodal transport KW - intermodal transport unit KW - transhipment KW - transport process Y1 - 2016 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:526-opus4-21177 VL - 18 IS - 2 SP - 104 EP - 108 PB - University of Žilina ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Lizbetin, Jan A1 - Vejs, Petr A1 - Caha, Zdenek A1 - Lizbetinova, Lenka A1 - Michalk, Philip T1 - The Possibilities of Dynamic Shipment Weighing in Rail Freight Transport JF - Communications - Scientific Letters of the University of Zilina N2 - This article deals with an analysis of the methods of the dynamic weighing of rail vehicles. The measurement of axle load (both static and dynamic) is one of the current standard processes within the technical specifications for interoperability (TSI). KW - rail transport KW - vehicle weighing KW - interoperability Y1 - 2016 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:526-opus4-21186 VL - 18 IS - 2 SP - 113 EP - 117 PB - University of Žilina ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Lehnert, Martin A1 - Liebchen, Christian A1 - Schiefelbusch, Martin A1 - Bruder, Peter A1 - Harmann, Dennis T1 - Insights into Ridepooling efficiency: A case study analysis using a novel operational performance measure framework JF - Journal of Urban Mobility N2 - The efficiency of demand responsive transport (DRT) services, such as ridepooling, has garnered significant attention across various (simulation) studies. However, a deeper look into the metrics employed to assess system performance exposes notable discrepancies in their utilization. Notably, certain indicators, such as the pooling rate, demonstrate a susceptibility to manipulation based on input parameters, potentially skewing results to give a more favorable impression of service performance. In this paper, we show that, under such circumstances, achieving a fair comparison between study outcomes and with traditional (public) transport modes becomes challenging. In light of these challenges, this study introduces a novel operational performance indicator: Operational System Efficiency (OSE). OSE is tailored to evaluate the operational efficiency of ridepooling systems in a holistic way. In particular, it combines important operational indicators such as detour factor and empty kilometers share, which are considered in numerous analyses. Hereby, OSE is fostering a more equitable assessment of service performance. We applied this methodology and calculated the indicators provided in other studies to two real-world trip datasets from ridepooling services in Berlin and Münster, Germany, and compared the results. Distinct disparities emerge in comparison with conventional efficiency indicators. Consequently, the proposed OSE holds promise for stakeholders, including service providers, public transport companies, and regulatory authorities, as a valuable tool for determining the suitability of a ridepooling service for a given locale relative to other transport modalities, while also providing a transparent assessment of its efficiency. KW - demand responsive transport (DRT) KW - operational system efficiency KW - Pooling index KW - vehicle occupancy Y1 - 2025 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:526-opus4-20971 SN - 2667-0917 VL - 9 PB - Elsevier ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Herkenhoff, Marcos Edgar A1 - Brödel, Oliver A1 - Frohme, Marcus T1 - Hops across Continents: Exploring How Terroir Transforms the Aromatic Profiles of Five Hop (Humulus lupulus) Varieties Grown in Their Countries of Origin and in Brazil JF - Plants N2 - Humulus lupulus, or hops, is a vital ingredient in brewing, contributing bitterness, flavor, and aroma. The female plants produce strobiles rich in essential oils and acids, along with bioactive compounds like polyphenols, humulene, and myrcene, which offer health benefits. This study examined the aromatic profiles of five hop varieties grown in Brazil versus their countries of origin. Fifty grams of pelletized hops from each strain were collected and analyzed using HS-SPME/GC-MS to identify volatile compounds, followed by statistical analysis with PLS-DA and ANOVA. The study identified 330 volatile compounds and found significant aromatic differences among hops from different regions. For instance, H. Mittelfrüher grown in Brazil has a fruity and herbaceous profile, while the German-grown variety is more herbal and spicy. Similar variations were noted in the Magnum, Nugget, Saaz, and Sorachi Ace varieties. The findings underscore the impact of terroir on hop aromatic profiles, with Brazilian-grown hops displaying distinct profiles compared to their counterparts from their countries of origin, including variations in aromatic notes and α-acid content. KW - HS-SPME/GC-MS KW - Humulus lupulus KW - aromatic profile KW - terroir impact KW - volatile compounds Y1 - 2024 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:526-opus4-19470 VL - 13 IS - 19 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Herkenhoff, Marcos Edgar A1 - Brödel, Oliver A1 - Dilarri, Guilherme A1 - Bajay, Miklos Maximiliano A1 - Frohme, Marcus A1 - Costamilan, Carlos André da Veiga Lima Rosa T1 - Characterization of Volatile Compounds in Amarillo, Ariana, Cascade, Centennial, and El Dorado Hops Using HS-SPME/GC-MS JF - Compounds N2 - Humulus lupulus L. (hops) is essential in brewing due to its contributions to bitterness, flavor, and aroma. This study compared the volatile profiles of five commercially important hop varieties—Amarillo, Ariana, Cascade, Centennial, and El Dorado—grown in their main regions of origin (United States for Amarillo, Cascade, and El Dorado; Germany for Ariana; and Brazil for Centennial). Headspace solid-phase microextraction coupled with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (HS-SPME/GC-MS) enabled the identification of 312 volatile compounds, including monoterpenes (e.g., myrcene, linalool, geraniol), sesquiterpenes (e.g., humulene, caryophyllene), esters, alcohols, aldehydes, and ketones. Amarillo showed the highest myrcene content (22.61% of the total volatile area), while Centennial was distinguished by elevated γ-muurolene (20.59%), and El Dorado by the highest level of undecan-2-one (10.47%), highlighting marked varietal differences in key aroma-active constituents. Multivariate, including principal component analysis (PCA) and partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA), clearly discriminated the five varieties: PC1 (41.04% of the variance) separated samples enriched in fruity/floral monoterpenes and esters from those dominated by woody/resinous sesquiterpenes, whereas PC2 (25.93% of the variance) reflected variation in medium-chain esters, ketones, and waxy compounds. These chemometric patterns demonstrate that both genetic background and growing region terroir strongly shape hop volatile composition and, consequently, aroma potential, providing brewers with objective criteria for selecting hop varieties to achieve specific sensory profiles in beer. KW - Humulus lupulus KW - PCA KW - PLS-DA KW - aroma profile KW - brewing science KW - gas chromatography-mass spectrometry KW - hops KW - terroir KW - volatile compounds Y1 - 2026 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:526-opus4-21029 SN - 2673-6918 VL - 6 IS - 1 PB - MDPI ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Ksianzou, Viachaslau A1 - Villringer, Claus A1 - Grytsenko, Kostyantyn A1 - Pekur, Demyd A1 - Lytvyn, Peter A1 - Sopinskyy, Mykola A1 - Lebedyeva, Iryna A1 - Niemczyk, Agata A1 - Baranowska, Jolanta T1 - Structural and Optical Anomalies in Thin Films Grown in a Magnetic Field by Electron-Assisted Vacuum Deposition of PTFE JF - Macromolecular Materials and Engineering N2 - Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) films are deposited in parallel and perpendicular magnetic fields (MF) by electron-enhanced vacuum deposition (EVD) and EVD + low-temperature plasma (LTP) methods. The structure, morphology, and nanomechanical properties of the films are studied by infrared spectroscopy (IRS), atomic force microscopy (AFM), and spectroscopic ellipsometry. The structure of the thicker films is closer to that of bulk PTFE than that of thin films. The films' crystallinity and surface roughness are higher than those deposited without MF. The birefringence of the refractive index (n) of the films deposited in the MF is inverse to the anisotropy of the n of the films deposited without MF. The hardness of the films is close to that of bulk PTFE. KW - birefringence KW - deposition in vacuum KW - morphology KW - plasma KW - thin polytetrafluoroethylene film Y1 - 2025 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:526-opus4-19712 VL - 310 IS - 3 PB - Wiley ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Sishodia, Keshav A1 - Ben Ltaief, Ltaief A1 - Scheel, Niklas A1 - Földes, István B. A1 - Roos, Andreas Hult A1 - Albrecht, Martin A1 - Staněk, Matyáš A1 - Jurkovičová, Lucie A1 - Hort, Ondrej A1 - Nejdl, Jaroslav A1 - García-Alfonso, Ernesto A1 - Halberstadt, Nadine A1 - Andreasson, Jakob A1 - Klimešová, Eva A1 - Krikunova, Maria A1 - Krishnan, Sivarama A1 - Heidenreich, Andreas A1 - Mudrich, Marcel T1 - XUV fluorescence as a probe of interatomic coulombic decay of resonantly excited He nanodroplets JF - Scientific Reports N2 - Superfluid He nanodroplets resonantly excited by extreme ultraviolet (XUV) pulses can relax via interatomic coulombic decay (ICD), generally considered an ultrafast process. Here, we introduce a novel approach to probe the dynamics of ICD in He nanodroplets over timescales ranging from femtoseconds to nanoseconds. Our method relies on detecting XUV fluorescence emitted from the nanodroplets as they are driven into a nanoplasma by subsequent intense infrared pulses. Nanoplasma ignition is facilitated by tunnel ionization of XUV-excited He∗ atoms attached to the droplets; it thus serves as a sensitive probe of their relaxation dynamics. The observed nanosecond-scale decay is attributed to ICD between pairs of He∗ atoms undergoing roaming motion on the droplet surface, as supported by quantum-mechanical and classical model calculations. Y1 - 2026 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:526-opus4-21050 VL - 16 IS - 1 PB - Springer Nature ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Gross, Matthias A1 - Kuhl, Thorsten A1 - Stephan, Frank A1 - Li, Xiangkun A1 - Philipp, Sebastian A1 - Grebinyk, Anna A1 - Khachatryan, Vitali A1 - Qian, Houjun A1 - Aboulbanine, Zakaria A1 - Amirkhanyan, Zohrab A1 - Riemer, Felix A1 - Oppelt, Anne A1 - Krasilnikov, Mikhail ED - Istituto Nazionale Di Fisca Nucleare, T1 - A beam line setup for flash radiation therapy with focused electron beams at the Pitz facility at DESY in Zeuthen: basic concept and dosimetry simulations T2 - IPAC'23 : 14th International Particle Accelerator Conference, 7-12 May 2023, Venice, Italy : proceedings N2 - The aim of this work is to demonstrate the principal possibility to enhance the electron beam dose deposition in the depth of the sample for radiation therapy purposes. Trains of electron bunches of 22 MeV generated at PITZ are focused inside the sample using a dedicated fast deflector and a solenoid magnet. To explore the capabilities of the proposed setup, dose distributions are calculated for multiple electron bunches focused in a single point inside a water phantom. Electron beam focusing produces dose peaks with a tunable maximal dose depth which is interesting for healthy tissue sparing at the surface and enhancing treatment quality. The duration of the full bunch train is 1 ms. During this time interval, the FLASH effect could be efficiently triggered inside the irradiated target volume. Monte Carlo simulations based on the FLUKA code were performed to evaluate the depth dose curves distributions in a water phantom. Using the PITZ electron beam parameters, simulations have shown the possibility to produce a peak dose in water seven times higher than compared to the dose at the surface. Moreover, the RMS size homogeneous area around the maximal dose is approximately 25 mm. Y1 - 2023 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:526-opus4-21132 SP - 5000 EP - 5003 PB - JACoW Publishing ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Krasilnikov, Mikhail A1 - Aboulbanine, Zakaria A1 - Adhikari, Gowri A1 - Aftab, Namra A1 - Asoyan, Aida A1 - Davtyan, Hakob A1 - Georgiev, Georgi A1 - Good, James A1 - Grebinyk, Anna A1 - Gross, Matthias A1 - Hoffmann, Andreas A1 - Kongmon, Ekkachai A1 - Li, Xiangkun A1 - Lueangaramwong, Anusorn A1 - Melkumyan, David A1 - Mohanty, Sandeep A1 - Niemczyk, Raffael A1 - Oppelt, Anne A1 - Qian, Houjun A1 - Richard, Christopher A1 - Schneidmiller, Evgeny A1 - Stephan, Frank A1 - Vashchenko, Grygorii ED - Istituto Nazionale Di Fisca Nucleare, T1 - THz SASE FEL at PITZ: lasing at a wavelength of 100μm T2 - IPAC'23 : 14th International Particle Accelerator Conference, 7-12 May 2023, Venice, Italy : proceedings N2 - Development of an accelerator-based tunable THz source prototype for pump-probe experiments at the European XFEL is ongoing at the Photo Injector Test facility at DESY in Zeuthen (PITZ). The proof-of-principle experiments on the THz SASE FEL are performed utilizing the LCLS-I undulator installed in the PITZ beamline. The first lasing at a center wavelength of 100 µm was observed in the summer of 2022. The lasing of the narrowband THz source was achieved using an electron beam with an energy of ~17 MeV and a bunch charge up to several nC. Optimization of beam transport and matching resulted in the measurement of THz radiation with a pulse energy of tens of µJ, measured with pyroelectric detectors. The THz FEL gain curves were measured by means of specially designed short coils along the undulator. The results of the first characterization of the THz source at PITZ will be presented. Y1 - 2023 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:526-opus4-21113 SP - 3948 EP - 3951 PB - JACoW Publishing ER -