TY - JOUR A1 - Bondarenko, Siegfried A1 - Hülsemann, Marcel A1 - Mai, Andreas A1 - Steglich, Patrick T1 - Fiber-to-chip light coupling using a graded-index lensed fiber collimator JF - Optical Engineering N2 - Fiber-to-chip light coupling using a graded-index (GRIN) fiber collimator is investigated. Our experiments with grating couplers and strip waveguides fabricated in a photonic integrated circuit technology reveal that the peak coupling efficiency of a GRIN fiber collimator is 7.8 dB lower than that of a single-mode fiber. However, the 3-dB alignment tolerance is improved by a factor of about 5.7 giving rise to pluggable sensor solutions. This work opens a path toward a cost-effective and portable sensor platform based on pluggable photonic biosensors using GRIN fiber collimators. Y1 - 2021 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:526-opus4-13749 SN - 1560-2303 VL - 60 IS - 1 PB - SPIE ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Steglich, Patrick A1 - Mai, Christian A1 - Villringer, Claus A1 - Dietzel, Birgit A1 - Bondarenko, Siegfried A1 - Ksianzou, Viachaslau A1 - Villasmunta, Francesco A1 - Zesch, Christoph A1 - Pulwer, Silvio A1 - Burger, Martin A1 - Bauer, Joachim A1 - Heinrich, Friedhelm A1 - Schrader, Sigurd A1 - Vitale, Francesco A1 - De Matteis, Fabio A1 - Prosposito, Paolo A1 - Casalboni, Mauro A1 - Mai, Andreas T1 - Silicon-organic hybrid photonics: an overview of recent advances, electro-optical effects and CMOS integration concepts JF - Journal of Physics: Photonics N2 - In recent decades, much research effort has been invested in the development of photonic integrated circuits, and silicon-on-insulator technology has been established as a reliable platform for highly scalable silicon-based electro-optical modulators. However, the performance of such devices is restricted by the inherent material properties of silicon. An approach to overcoming these deficiencies is to integrate organic materials with exceptionally high optical nonlinearities into a silicon-on-insulator photonic platform. Silicon–organic hybrid photonics has been shown to overcome the drawbacks of silicon-based modulators in terms of operating speed, bandwidth, and energy consumption. This work reviews recent advances in silicon–organic hybrid photonics and covers the latest improvements to single components and device concepts. Special emphasis is given to the in-device performance of novel electro-optical polymers and the use of different electro-optical effects, such as the linear and quadratic electro-optical effect, as well as the electric-field-induced linear electro-optical effect. Finally, the inherent challenges of implementing non-linear optical polymers on a silicon photonic platform are discussed and a perspective for future directions is given. Y1 - 2021 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:526-opus4-13882 SN - 2515-7647 VL - 3 IS - 2 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Steglich, Patrick A1 - Paul, Martin A1 - Mai, Christian A1 - Böhme, Andrea A1 - Bondarenko, Siegfried A1 - Weller, Michael G. A1 - Mai, Andreas T1 - A monolithically integrated micro fluidic channel in a silicon-based photonic-integrated-circuit technology for biochemical sensing T2 - Proc. SPIE 11772, Optical Sensors 2021 N2 - In this work, a cost-effective optofluidic system is propossed and preliminary experimental results are presented. A microfluidic channel monolithically integrated into a photonic integrated circuit technology is used in conjunc- tion with a cyclo-olefin copolymer (COC) substrate to provide fluidic in- and output ports. We report on initial experimental results as well as on the simple and cost-effective fabrication of this optofluidic system by means of micro-milling. Y1 - 2021 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:526-opus4-13925 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Steglich, Patrick A1 - Bondarenko, Siegfried A1 - Mai, Christian A1 - Paul, Martin A1 - Weller, Michael G. A1 - Mai, Andreas T1 - CMOS-Compatible Silicon Photonic Sensor for Refractive Index Sensing Using Local Back-Side Release JF - IEEE Photonics Technology Letters N2 - Silicon photonic sensors are promising candidates for lab-on-a-chip solutions with versatile applications and scalable production prospects using complementary metal-oxide semiconductor (CMOS) fabrication methods. However, the widespread use has been hindered because the sensing area adjoins optical and electrical components making packaging and sensor handling challenging. In this work, a local back-side release of the photonic sensor is employed, enabling a separation of the sensing area from the rest of the chip. This approach allows preserving the compatibility of photonic integrated circuits in the front-end of line and metal interconnects in the back-end of line. The sensor is based on a micro-ring resonator and is fabricated on wafer-level using a CMOS technology. We revealed a ring resonator sensitivity for homogeneous sensing of 106 nm/RIU. Y1 - 2020 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:526-opus4-13649 SN - 1941-0174 VL - 32 IS - 19 SP - 1241 EP - 1244 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Bondarenko, Siegfried A1 - Villringer, Claus A1 - Steglich, Patrick T1 - Comparative Study of Nano-Slot Silicon Waveguides Covered by Dye Doped and Undoped Polymer Cladding JF - Applied Sciences N2 - Nonlinear optical dyes doped in optical polymer matrices are widely used for electro-optical devices. Linear optical properties change with dye concentration, which leads to a change in modal properties, especially in nano-structured integrated waveguides such as silicon slot-waveguides. Here, we investigate the influence of a nonlinear optical dye on the performance of a silicon-organic hybrid slot-waveguide. A simulation study of the modal and optical confinement properties is carried out and dependence of the structural parameters of the slot-waveguide and the organic cladding material is taken into account. As cladding material, a guest-host polymer system is employed comprising the nonlinear optical dye Disperse Red 1 (DR1) doped in a poly[methyl methacrylate] (PMMA) matrix. The refractive indices of doped and undoped PMMA were deduced from ellipsometric data. We present a guideline for an optimized slot-waveguide design for the fabrication in silicon-on-insulator technology giving rise to scalable, high-performance integrated electro-optical modulators. Y1 - 2019 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:526-opus4-10716 SN - 2076-3417 VL - 9 IS - 1 PB - MDPI ER -