TY - INPR A1 - Steglich, Patrick A1 - Rabus, Dominik G. A1 - Sada, Cinzia A1 - Paul, Martin A1 - Weller, Michael G. A1 - Mai, Christian A1 - Mai, Andreas T1 - Silicon Photonic Micro-Ring Resonators for Chemical and Biological Sensing: A Tutorial T2 - TechRxiv N2 - Silicon photonic micro-ring resonators (MRR) developed on the silicon-on-insulator (SOI) platform, owing to their high sensitivity and small footprint, show great potential for many chemical and biological sensing applications such as label-free detection in environmental monitoring, biomedical engineering, and food analysis. In this tutorial, we provide the theoretical background and give design guidelines for SOI-based MRR as well as examples of surface functionalization procedures for label-free detection of molecules. After introducing the advantages and perspectives of MRR, fundamentals of MRR are described in detail, followed by an introduction to the fabrication methods, which are based on a complementary metal-oxide semiconductor (CMOS) technology. Optimization of MRR for chemical and biological sensing is provided, with special emphasis on the optimization of waveguide geometry. At this point, the difference between chemical bulk sensing and label-free surface sensing is explained, and definitions like waveguide sensitivity, ring sensitivity, overall sensitivity as well as the limit of detection (LoD) of MRR are introduced. Further, we show and explain chemical bulk sensing of sodium chloride (NaCl) in water and provide a recipe for label-free surface sensing. Y1 - 2021 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:526-opus4-16840 ER - TY - INPR A1 - Gatto, Emanuela A1 - Kubitzky, Sascha A1 - Schriever, Marc A1 - Cesaroni, Simona A1 - Mazzuca, Claudia A1 - Marafon, Giulia A1 - Venanzi, Mariano A1 - De Zotti, Marta T1 - Building Supramolecular DNA-Inspired Nanowires on Gold Surfaces: From 2D to 3D T2 - Angewandte Chemie International Edition N2 - Three building blocks have been designed to chemically link to a gold surface and vertically self-assemble through thymine–adenine hydrogen bonds. Starting from these building blocks, two different films were engineered on gold surface. Film 1 consists of adenine linked to lipoic acid (Lipo–A) to covalently bind to the gold surface, and ZnTPP linked to a thymine (T–ZnTPP). Film 2 has an additional noncovalently linked layer: a helical undecapeptide analogue of the trichogin GA IV peptide, in which four glycines were replaced by four lysines to favor a helical conformation and reduce flexibility and the two extremities were functionalized with thymine and adenine to enable Lipo–A and T–ZnTPP binding, respectively. These films were characterized by electrochemical and spectroscopic techniques, and were very stable over time and when in contact with solution. Under illumination, they could generate current with higher efficiency than similar previously described systems. KW - peptide KW - photocurrent generation KW - self-assembled monolayer KW - self-assembly KW - supramolecular chemistry Y1 - 2019 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:526-opus4-16113 PB - Wiley ER - TY - INPR A1 - Liebchen, Christian T1 - Maximizing Bidirectional Green Waves for Major Road Axes N2 - Both, from an environmental perspective and with respect to road traffic flow quality, planning so-called green waves along major road axes is a well-established target for traffic engineers. For one-way road axes (e.g. the Avenues in Manhattan), this is a trivial downstream task. For bidirectional arterials, the well-known necessary condition for establishing a green wave in both direction is that the driving times between two subsequent crossings must be an integer multiple of half of the cycle time of the signal programs at the nodes. In this paper, we propose an integer linear optimization model to establish fixed-time green waves in both directions that are as long and as wide as possible, even in the situation where the driving time condition is not fulfilled. In particular, we are considering an arterial along whose nodes separate left-turn signal groups are realized. In our computational results, we provide examples which illustrate that allowing for selecting among different strategies for the left-turn phases is beneficial. Moreover, we show that there is always a solution with green waves in both directions that are as long and as wide as possible, where absolute priority is put on just one direction. Only when considering prioritized parts of a green band (e.g. some first few seconds), then an ideal green wave into one direction can provide suboptimal quality compared to optimizing both directions together. KW - traffic light coordination KW - synchronization KW - phase sequencing KW - green wave KW - integer programming Y1 - 2021 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:526-opus4-15449 SP - 1 EP - 20 ER - TY - INPR A1 - Tolkiehn, Günter-Ulrich T1 - Transfer zwischen Wissenschaft und Gesellschaft T2 - DUZ Wissenschaft & Management N2 - Hauptaufgabe der staatlichen Hochschulen ist es, Wissen zu schaffen und nutzbringend in die Gesellschaft, insb. in Wirtschaft und Verwaltung zu transferieren. Dies geschieht traditionell durch Forschung und ihre Publikation sowie durch Lehre und den Ausstoß von Absolventen. In den letzten Jahren wird von der Politik zunehmend auch die sog. „Dritte Mission“ (Kooperation, Technologietransfer etc.) von der Wissenschaft eingefordert. Alle drei Transferwege werden jedoch gleichzeitig auch von der Politik behindert. Der Artikel greift drei Beispiele hierfür heraus: Die Untätigkeit gegenüber dem Aufbau einer privatwirtschaftlichen Bezahlschranke für die öffentliche Nutzung staatlich finanzierter digitaler Publikationen, die aktive Förderung des Aufbaus einer Sprachbarriere zwischen Landessprache und Wissenschaftsbetrieb und das Versäumnis, die freie online-Publikation aller Abschlussarbeiten zur Erlangung wissenschaftlicher Grade sicherzustellen N2 - The main task of public universities is to create knowledge and to profitably transfer it to society, particularly to economy and administration. This is traditionally done through research and its publication, as well as through teaching and the output of graduates. In recent years, politics has increasingly called for the so-called „third mission“ (cooperation, technology transfer etc.) from science. However, all three transfer paths are also hindered by politics at the same time. This article picks out three such examples: The failure to act on the establishment of a private sector pay barrier to public use of government-funded publications, the active promotion of building of a language barrier between national language and scientific community and the failure to ensure free online-publication of all theses leading to scientific degrees. KW - Transfer KW - Technologietransfer KW - Abschlussarbeit KW - Paywall KW - Sprachbarriere Y1 - 2020 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:526-opus4-13817 SN - 2627-0994 VL - 2020 IS - 10 SP - 42 EP - 47 ER -