TY - JOUR A1 - Tannenberg, Robert A1 - Tscheuschner, Georg A1 - Raab, Christopher A1 - Flemig, Sabine A1 - Döring, Sarah A1 - Ponader, Marco A1 - Thurmann, Melinda A1 - Paul, Martin A1 - Weller, Michael G. T1 - Simplified Sample Preparation and Lateral Flow Immunoassay for the Detection of Plant Viruses JF - Biosensors N2 - Lateral flow immunoassays (LFAs) are widely used for on-site testing; however, their use for the rapid detection of plant viruses in the field is often limited by inconvenient sample preparation. Here, we present a new sampling method and a simplified dipstick LFA format for the detection and monitoring of cowpea chlorotic mottle virus (CCMV) as a model plant pathogen. The assay employs a monoclonal mouse antibody for capture and a poly-clonal rabbit antibody conjugated to 80 nm gold nanoparticles for detection. Conventional sample and conjugate pads are omitted, allowing the test strips to be dipped directly into wells containing plant extract and antibody–gold conjugate. No plastic casing was required, which could lead to a reduction in waste. It was shown that CCMV concentrations as low as 3.5 μg/L or 350 pg per sample could be reliably detected in 15 min. Specificity tests confirmed that other plant viruses, cowpea mosaic virus (CPMV) and tobacco mosaic virus (TMV), did not produce false-positive results. In addition, we describe a new method for on-site sampling using a manual punch and a syringe equipped with a frit. This step combines grinding the sample, extraction, filtration, and reconstitution and mixing of the antibody-gold conjugate, enabling the analysis of punched leaf disks without laboratory equipment. When applied to CCMV-infected cowpea plants, the assay revealed systemic infection before visual symptoms became apparent. This work demonstrates that simplified LFAs combined with innovative sampling techniques can provide sensitive, specific, and rapid diagnostics for crop monitoring and support early intervention strategies in agriculture. KW - LFA format KW - Vigna unguiculata KW - cowpea chlorotic mottle virus KW - crop monitoring KW - lateral flow immunoassay KW - plant virus KW - sample preparation KW - waste reduction Y1 - 2026 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:526-opus4-21294 VL - 16 IS - 2 PB - MDPI ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Schlegel, Susanne A1 - Krumnow, Erik A1 - Böhme, Andrea A1 - Minieri, Marilena A1 - Foitzik, Andreas T1 - Miniaturized Blood Sampling System with Integrated Sample Preparation JF - Materials Science Forum N2 - Blood sampling as well as sample preparation are time consuming and requires a strict procedure, which is generally performed by medical trained personal. Not carrying out the procedure correctly could result in an infection of the patient or contamination of the sample itself. These limitations should be especially considered in case of pandemic outbreaks. In order to handle such a high number of patients a novel sample preparation system paired with modern blood sampling procedure is necessary. For this reason, a new device for blood sampling and preparation is designed containing an integrated microfluidic system. The fabrication is carried out by utilizing micro moulding of PDMS as well as micro milling. A first set of initial experiments as part of a first-generation study shows promising results. However, further steps of optimisation considering flow time and preparation cycle are part of a second-generation study. KW - mechanical system KW - polymer material KW - sample preparation Y1 - 2021 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:526-opus4-18812 SN - 0255-5476 SN - 1662-9752 VL - 1016 SP - 1280 EP - 1284 PB - Trans Tech Publications ER -