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  <doc>
    <id>2009</id>
    <completedYear>2025</completedYear>
    <publishedYear/>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst/>
    <pageLast/>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue>5</issue>
    <volume>70</volume>
    <type>article</type>
    <publisherName>Institute of Physics Publishing (IOP)</publisherName>
    <publisherPlace/>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>1</belongsToBibliography>
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    <title language="eng">Demonstration of ultra-high dose rate electron irradiation at FLASHlab@PITZ</title>
    <abstract language="eng">Objective. The photo injector test facility at DESY in Zeuthen (PITZ) is building up an R&amp;D platform, known as FLASHlab@PITZ, for systematically studying the FLASH effect in cancer treatment with its high-brightness electron beams, which can provide a uniquely large dose parameter range for radiation experiments. In this paper, we demonstrate the capabilities by experiments with a reduced parameter range on a startup beamline and study the potential performance of the full beamline by simulations. Approach. To measure the dose, Gafchromic films are installed both in front of and after the samples; Monte Carlo simulations are conducted to predict the dose distribution during beam preparation and help understand the dose distribution inside the sample. Plasmid DNA is irradiated under various doses at conventional and ultra-high dose rate (UHDR) to study the DNA damage by radiations. Start-to-end simulations are performed to verify the performance of the full beamline. Main results. On the startup beamline, reproducible irradiation has been established with optimized electron beams and the delivered dose distributions have been measured with Gafchromic films and compared to FLUKA simulations. The functionality of this setup has been further demonstrated in biochemical experiments at conventional dose rate of 0.05 Gy s−1 and UHDR of several 105 Gy s−1 and a varying dose up to 60 Gy, with the UHDR experiments finished within a single RF pulse (less than 1 millisecond); the observed conformation yields of the irradiated plasmid DNA revealed its dose-dependent radiation damage. The upgrade to the full FLASHlab@PITZ beamline is justified by simulations with homogeneous radiation fields generated by both pencil beam scanning and scattering beams. Significance. With the demonstration of UHDR irradiation and the simulated performance of the new beamline, FLASHlab@PITZ will serve as a powerful platform for studying the FLASH effects in cancer treatment.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="eng">Physics in Medicine &amp; Biology</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="urn">urn:nbn:de:kobv:526-opus4-20092</identifier>
    <enrichment key="opus.import.date">2025-02-25T12:19:32+00:00</enrichment>
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    <enrichment key="DOI_VoR">https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-6560/adb276</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="SourceTitle">X-K Li et al 2025 Phys. Med. Biol. 70 055010</enrichment>
    <licence>Creative Commons - CC BY - Namensnennung 4.0 International</licence>
    <author>Xiangkun Li</author>
    <author>Zohrab Amirkhanyan</author>
    <author>Anna Grebinyk</author>
    <author>Matthias Gross</author>
    <author>Yuliia Komar</author>
    <author>Felix Riemer</author>
    <author>Aida Asoyan</author>
    <author>Prach Boonpornprasert</author>
    <author>Paul Borchert</author>
    <author>Hakob Davtyan</author>
    <author>Dmytro Dmytriiev</author>
    <author>Marcus Frohme</author>
    <author>Andreas Hoffmann</author>
    <author>Mikhail Krasilnikov</author>
    <author>Gregor Loisch</author>
    <author>Zahra Lotfi</author>
    <author>Frieder Müller</author>
    <author>Michael Schmitz</author>
    <author>Frank Obier</author>
    <author>Anne Oppelt</author>
    <author>Sebastian Philipp</author>
    <author>Christopher Richard</author>
    <author>Grygorii Vashchenko</author>
    <author>Daniel Villani</author>
    <author>Steven Worm</author>
    <author>Frank Stephan</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>ultra-high dose rate</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>FLASH effect</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>electron beams</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>FLASHlab@PITZ</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="ddc" number="539">Moderne Physik</collection>
    <collection role="ddc" number="615">Pharmakologie, Therapeutik</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">Fachbereich Ingenieur- und Naturwissenschaften</collection>
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    <collection role="Import" number="import">Import</collection>
    <collection role="green_open_access" number="4">Hybrid Open Access</collection>
    <thesisPublisher>Technische Hochschule Wildau</thesisPublisher>
    <file>https://opus4.kobv.de/opus4-th-wildau/files/2009/Li_2025_Phys._Med._Biol._70_055010.pdf</file>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>2113</id>
    <completedYear>2023</completedYear>
    <publishedYear/>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst>5000</pageFirst>
    <pageLast>5003</pageLast>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume/>
    <type>conferenceobject</type>
    <publisherName>JACoW Publishing</publisherName>
    <publisherPlace/>
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    <belongsToBibliography>1</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">A beam line setup for flash radiation therapy with focused electron beams at the Pitz facility at DESY in Zeuthen: basic concept and dosimetry simulations</title>
    <abstract language="eng">The aim of this work is to demonstrate the principal possibility to enhance the electron beam dose deposition in the depth of the sample for radiation therapy purposes. Trains of electron bunches of 22 MeV generated at PITZ are focused inside the sample using a dedicated fast deflector and a solenoid magnet. To explore the capabilities of the proposed setup, dose distributions are calculated for multiple electron bunches focused in a single point inside a water phantom. Electron beam focusing produces dose peaks with a tunable maximal dose depth which is interesting for healthy tissue sparing at the surface and enhancing treatment quality. The duration of the full bunch train is 1 ms. During this time interval, the FLASH effect could be efficiently triggered inside the irradiated target volume. Monte Carlo simulations based on the FLUKA code were performed to evaluate the depth dose curves distributions in a water phantom. Using the PITZ electron beam parameters, simulations have shown the possibility to produce a peak dose in water seven times higher than compared to the dose at the surface. Moreover, the RMS size homogeneous area around the maximal dose is approximately 25 mm.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="eng">IPAC'23 : 14th International Particle Accelerator Conference, 7-12 May 2023, Venice, Italy : proceedings</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="urn">urn:nbn:de:kobv:526-opus4-21132</identifier>
    <enrichment key="opus.import.date">2026-01-16T11:32:52+00:00</enrichment>
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    <enrichment key="DOI_VoR">https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2023-THPM050</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="SourceTitle">Z. Amirkhanyan et al., "A beam line setup for flash radiation therapy with focused electron beams at the Pitz facility at DESY in Zeuthen: basic concept and dosimetry simulations", in Proc. IPAC'23, Venice, Italy, May 2023, pp. 5000-5003. doi:10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2023-THPM050</enrichment>
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    <licence>Creative Commons - CC BY - Namensnennung 4.0 International</licence>
    <author>Matthias Gross</author>
    <author>Thorsten Kuhl</author>
    <author>Frank Stephan</author>
    <author>Xiangkun Li</author>
    <author>Sebastian Philipp</author>
    <author>Anna Grebinyk</author>
    <author>Vitali Khachatryan</author>
    <author>Houjun Qian</author>
    <author>Zakaria Aboulbanine</author>
    <author>Zohrab Amirkhanyan</author>
    <author>Felix Riemer</author>
    <author>Anne Oppelt</author>
    <author>Mikhail Krasilnikov</author>
    <collection role="ddc" number="539">Moderne Physik</collection>
    <collection role="ddc" number="615">Pharmakologie, Therapeutik</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">Fachbereich Ingenieur- und Naturwissenschaften</collection>
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    <collection role="Import" number="import">Import</collection>
    <collection role="green_open_access" number="1">Gold Open Access</collection>
    <thesisPublisher>Technische Hochschule Wildau</thesisPublisher>
    <file>https://opus4.kobv.de/opus4-th-wildau/files/2113/THPM050.pdf</file>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>2112</id>
    <completedYear>2023</completedYear>
    <publishedYear/>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst>4996</pageFirst>
    <pageLast>4999</pageLast>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume/>
    <type>conferenceobject</type>
    <publisherName>JACoW Publishing</publisherName>
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    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
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    <title language="eng">Comparison of measurements and simulation results of dose for the FLASH radiation therapy beamline at PITZ</title>
    <abstract language="eng">The high-brightness electron beam at the Photo Injector Test facility at DESY in Zeuthen (PITZ) is now also used for FLASHlab@PITZ: an R&amp;D platform for studying radiation biology and the FLASH effect in radiation therapy. The available parameter space of the electron beam with a momentum of 22 MeV/c allows bunch charges from 10 pC up to 5nC, bunch durations of 0.1–60ps, and bunch train lengths up to 1 ms. The number of bunches in the single train can currently be varied between 1 and 1000 bunches, with an upgrade to 4500 foreseen in 2023. Radiation biology studies require accurate dose prediction, therefore Monte Carlo simulations based on the FLUKA code were performed. According to estimations, dose delivery of 0.002 Gy (low charge case 0.1pC) and 10Gy (high charge case 5nC) is possible, if the beam is confined to a circular area with a radius of 5 mm with a lead collimator. For the Monte Carlo simulations, the experimental setup was accurately modeled, including the exit window, lead collimator, etc. Dose measurements were used to compare simulations with experiments. Dose profiles were experimentally measured with Gafchromic films and then compared with Monte Carlo simulations. The first experiments at FLASHlab@PITZ in 2023 have demonstrated flexible dose options for studying the FLASH effect and radiation biology studies.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="eng">IPAC'23 : 14th International Particle Accelerator Conference, 7-12 May 2023, Venice, Italy : proceedings</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="urn">urn:nbn:de:kobv:526-opus4-21126</identifier>
    <enrichment key="opus.import.date">2026-01-16T11:12:12+00:00</enrichment>
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    <enrichment key="DOI_VoR">https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2023-THPM049</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="SourceTitle">Z. Amirkhanyan et al., "Comparison of measurements and simulation results of dose for the FLASH radiation therapy beamline at PITZ", in Proc. IPAC'23, Venice, Italy, May 2023, pp. 4996-4999. doi:10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2023-THPM049</enrichment>
    <licence>Creative Commons - CC BY - Namensnennung 4.0 International</licence>
    <author>Matthias Gross</author>
    <author>Andreas Hoffmann</author>
    <author>Georgi Georgiev</author>
    <author>Thorsten Kuhl</author>
    <author>Xiangkun Li</author>
    <author>Anne Oppelt</author>
    <author>Prach Boonpornprasert</author>
    <author>Sebastian Philipp</author>
    <author>Anna Grebinyk</author>
    <author>Grygorii Vashchenko</author>
    <author>Namra Aftab</author>
    <author>Gowri Adhikari</author>
    <author>Christopher Richard</author>
    <author>Frank Stephan</author>
    <author>Vitali Khachatryan</author>
    <author>Felix Riemer</author>
    <author>Mikhail Krasilnikov</author>
    <author>Zohrab Amirkhanyan</author>
    <collection role="ddc" number="539">Moderne Physik</collection>
    <collection role="ddc" number="615">Pharmakologie, Therapeutik</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">Fachbereich Ingenieur- und Naturwissenschaften</collection>
    <collection role="open_access" number="">open_access</collection>
    <collection role="Import" number="import">Import</collection>
    <collection role="green_open_access" number="1">Gold Open Access</collection>
    <thesisPublisher>Technische Hochschule Wildau</thesisPublisher>
    <file>https://opus4.kobv.de/opus4-th-wildau/files/2112/THPM049.pdf</file>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>1847</id>
    <completedYear>2024</completedYear>
    <publishedYear/>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst/>
    <pageLast/>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume>2687</volume>
    <type>conferenceobject</type>
    <publisherName>Institute of Physics Publishing (IOP)</publisherName>
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    <title language="eng">Overview of FLASHlab@PITZ: the new R&amp;D platform for FLASH radiation therapy and radiation biology</title>
    <abstract language="eng">An R&amp;D platform for electron FLASH radiation therapy and radiation biology is being prepared at the Photo Injector Test facility at DESY in Zeuthen (FLASHlab@PITZ). This platform is based on the unique beam parameters available at PITZ: ps scale electron bunches of up to 22 MeV with up to 5 nC bunch charge at MHz bunch repetition rate in bunch trains of up to 1 ms in length repeating at 1 to 10 Hz. It works together with the Technical University of Applied Sciences Wildau (TH Wildau) as partner in close vicinity for the biological resources.&#13;
&#13;
A startup beamline has been installed to allow dosimetry studies and irradiation experiments on chemical, biochemical and biological samples after a 60-degree dispersive arm. The measured dose and dose rates under different beam conditions and first experimental results will be reported in this paper. In addition, a dedicated beamline for FLASHlab@PITZhas been designed for better control of the high brightness electron beams. This includes a dogleg to translate the beam and a 2D kicker system to scan the tiny beam focused by quadrupoles across the samples within less than 1 ms. Simulation studies will be presented to demonstrate the extremely flexible dose parameters with various irradiation options for electron FLASH radiation therapy and radiation biology studies.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="eng">Journal of Physics: Conference Series, Volume 2687, Applications of Accelerators, Technology Transfer and Industrial Relations and Outreach</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="urn">urn:nbn:de:kobv:526-opus4-18474</identifier>
    <enrichment key="opus.import.date">2024-01-29T08:07:16+00:00</enrichment>
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    <enrichment key="DOI_VoR">https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2687/9/092006</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="SourceTitle">X.-K. Li et al 2024 J. Phys.: Conf. Ser. 2687 092006</enrichment>
    <licence>Creative Commons - CC BY 3.0 - Namensnennung 3.0 Unported</licence>
    <author>Xiangkun Li</author>
    <author>Zohrab Amirkhanyan</author>
    <author>Namra Aftab</author>
    <author>Prach Boonpornprasert</author>
    <author>Dmytro Dmytriiev</author>
    <author>Marcus Frohme</author>
    <author>Georgi Georgiev</author>
    <author>Anna Grebinyk</author>
    <author>Matthias Gross</author>
    <author>Andreas Hoffmann</author>
    <author>Yuliia Komar</author>
    <author>Mikhail Krasilnikov</author>
    <author>Gregor Loisch</author>
    <author>Anne Oppelt</author>
    <author>Christopher Richard</author>
    <author>F. Riemer</author>
    <author>Sebastian Philipp</author>
    <author>Michael Schmitz</author>
    <author>Frieder Müller</author>
    <author>Frank Obier</author>
    <author>Grygorii Vashchenko</author>
    <author>Steven Worm</author>
    <author>Frank Stephan</author>
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    <thesisPublisher>Technische Hochschule Wildau</thesisPublisher>
    <file>https://opus4.kobv.de/opus4-th-wildau/files/1847/Li_2024_J._Phys.__Conf._Ser._2687_092006.pdf</file>
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