@article{D'EliaTruuLahtietal.2023, author = {D'Elia, Domenica and Truu, Jaak and Lahti, Leo and Berland, Magali and Papoutsoglou, Georgios and Ceci, Michelangelo and Zomer, Aldert and Lopes, Marta B. and Ibrahimi, Eliana and Gruca, Aleksandra and Nechyporenko, Alina and Frohme, Marcus and Klammsteiner, Thomas and Carrillo de Santa Pau, Enrique and Marcos-Zambrano, Laura Judith and Hron, Karel and Pio, Gianvito and Simeon, Andrea and Suharoschi, Ramona and Moreno-Indias, Isabel and Temko, Andriy and Nedyalkova, Miroslava and Apostol, Elena-Simona and Truică, Ciprian-Octavian and Shigdel, Rajesh and Telalović, Jasminka Hasić and Bongcam-Rudloff, Erik and Przymus, Piotr and Jordamović, Naida Babić and Falquet, Laurent and Tarazona, Sonia and Sampri, Alexia and Isola, Gaetano and P{\´e}rez-Serrano, David and Trajkovik, Vladimir and Klucar, Lubos and Loncar-Turukalo, Tatjana and Havulinna, Aki S. and Jansen, Christian and Bertelsen, Randi J. and Claesson, Marcus Joakim}, title = {Advancing microbiome research with machine learning: key findings from the ML4Microbiome COST action}, series = {Frontiers in Microbiology}, volume = {14}, journal = {Frontiers in Microbiology}, publisher = {Frontiers}, issn = {1664-302X}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:526-opus4-18004}, year = {2023}, abstract = {The rapid development of machine learning (ML) techniques has opened up the data-dense field of microbiome research for novel therapeutic, diagnostic, and prognostic applications targeting a wide range of disorders, which could substantially improve healthcare practices in the era of precision medicine. However, several challenges must be addressed to exploit the benefits of ML in this field fully. In particular, there is a need to establish "gold standard" protocols for conducting ML analysis experiments and improve interactions between microbiome researchers and ML experts. The Machine Learning Techniques in Human Microbiome Studies (ML4Microbiome) COST Action CA18131 is a European network established in 2019 to promote collaboration between discovery-oriented microbiome researchers and data-driven ML experts to optimize and standardize ML approaches for microbiome analysis. This perspective paper presents the key achievements of ML4Microbiome, which include identifying predictive and discriminatory 'omics' features, improving repeatability and comparability, developing automation procedures, and defining priority areas for the novel development of ML methods targeting the microbiome. The insights gained from ML4Microbiome will help to maximize the potential of ML in microbiome research and pave the way for new and improved healthcare practices.}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{MasingLindnerLiebchen2023, author = {Masing, Berenike and Lindner, Niels and Liebchen, Christian}, title = {Integrating Line Planning for Construction Sites into Periodic Timetabling via Track Choice}, series = {23rd Symposium on Algorithmic Approaches for Transportation Modelling, Optimization, and Systems (ATMOS 2023)}, volume = {115}, booktitle = {23rd Symposium on Algorithmic Approaches for Transportation Modelling, Optimization, and Systems (ATMOS 2023)}, isbn = {978-3-95977-302-7}, issn = {2190-6807}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:526-opus4-17916}, pages = {5:1 -- 5:15}, year = {2023}, abstract = {We consider maintenance sites for urban rail systems, where unavailable tracks typically require changes to the regular timetable, and often even to the line plan. In this paper, we present an integrated mixed-integer linear optimization model to compute an optimal line plan that makes best use of the available tracks, together with a periodic timetable, including its detailed routing on the tracks within the stations. The key component is a flexible, turn-sensitive event-activity network that allows to integrate line planning and train routing using a track choice extension of the Periodic Event Scheduling Problem (PESP). Major goals are to maintain as much of the regular service as possible, and to keep the necessary changes rather local. Moreover, we present computational results on real construction site scenarios on the S-Bahn Berlin network. We demonstrate that this integrated problem is indeed solvable on practically relevant instances.}, language = {en} } @article{LoosGroeplerGoudeau2023, author = {Loos, Eug{\`e}ne and Gr{\"o}pler, Johanna and Goudeau, Marie-Louise Sophie}, title = {Using ChatGPT in Education: Human Reflection on ChatGPT's Self-Reflection}, series = {Societies}, volume = {13}, journal = {Societies}, number = {8}, publisher = {MDPI}, issn = {2075-4698}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:526-opus4-17966}, year = {2023}, abstract = {ChatGPT is a fascinating AI text generator tool. It is a language model developed by OpenAI, a research and deployment company with the mission, according to OpenAI's website: "to ensure that artificial general intelligence benefits all of humanity". ChatGPT is able to generate human-like texts. But how does it work? What about the quality of the texts it provides? And is it capable of being self-reflective? Information sources must be efficient, effective and reliable in education, in order to enhance students' learning process. For this reason, we started a dialogue with ChatGPT-3 while using, among others, a SWOT analysis it generated about its own functioning in an educational setting. This enabled us, as human authors, to analyze the extent to which this AI system is able to practice self-reflection. Finally, the paper sketches implications for education and future research.}, language = {en} } @article{WalterKubicaRocco2023, author = {Walter, Andreas and Kubica, Stefan and Rocco, Vittorio}, title = {Optimized fuel values for emission reduction}, series = {IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science}, volume = {1254}, journal = {IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science}, publisher = {Institute of Physics Publishing (IOP)}, issn = {1755-1315}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:526-opus4-18148}, year = {2023}, abstract = {Aviation is an integral and vital part of modern society. The growth over the last decades has consequences for greenhouse gas emissions and reducing this through efficiency within the same framework is difficult. Precision flight planning is crucial for reliably and optimized real environment aircraft operation. The presented study gives an overview of the status of the legal requirements for flight planning under the current fuel requirements of the European Union Aviation Safety Agency (EASA) and the emerging opportunities for fuel savings. As part of the larger study, planned and actual fuel figures of an international cargo airline were statistically analyzed. The overall analysis showed that there was no significant deviation between planned and consumed fuel. Based on the results, an adjustment of the planned alternative fuel quantity can be considered within the framework of an individual fuel plan. The possible savings potential using the example of Destination Alternate Airport fuel is presented.}, language = {en} } @article{RadivoievychPrylutskaZolketal.2023, author = {Radivoievych, Aleksandar and Prylutska, Svitlana and Zolk, Oliver and Ritter, Uwe and Frohme, Marcus and Grebinyk, Anna}, title = {Comparison of Sonodynamic Treatment Set-Ups for Cancer Cells with Organic Sonosensitizers and Nanosonosensitizers}, series = {Pharmaceutics}, volume = {15}, journal = {Pharmaceutics}, number = {11}, publisher = {MDPI}, issn = {1999-4923}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:526-opus4-18223}, year = {2023}, abstract = {Cancer sonodynamic therapy (SDT) is the therapeutic strategy of a high-frequency ultrasound (US) combined with a special sonosensitizer that becomes cytotoxic upon US exposure. The growing number of newly discovered sonosensitizers and custom US in vitro treatment solutions push the SDT field into a need for systemic studies and reproducible in vitro experimental set-ups. In the current research, we aimed to compare two of the most used and suitable SDT in vitro set-ups—"sealed well" and "transducer in well"—in one systematic study. We assessed US pressure, intensity, and temperature distribution in wells under US irradiation. Treatment efficacy was evaluated for both set-ups towards cancer cell lines of different origins, treated with two promising sonosensitizer candidates—carbon nanoparticle C60 fullerene (C60) and herbal alkaloid berberine. C60 was found to exhibit higher sonotoxicity toward cancer cells than berberine. The higher efficacy of sonodynamic treatment with a "transducer in well" set-up than a "sealed well" set-up underlined its promising application for SDT in vitro studies. The "transducer in well" set-up is recommended for in vitro US treatment investigations based on its US-field homogeneity and pronounced cellular effects. Moreover, SDT with C60 and berberine could be exploited as a promising combinative approach for cancer treatment.}, language = {en} } @article{JurkovičovaBenLtaiefRoosetal.2024, author = {Jurkovičov{\´a}, Lucie and Ben Ltaief, Ltaief and Roos, Andreas Hult and Hort, Ondřej and Finke, Ondřej and Albrecht, Martin and Hoque, Ziaul and Klimešov{\´a}, Eva and Sundaralingam, Akgash and Antipenkov, Roman and Grenfell, Annika and Špaček, Alexandr and Szuba, Wojciech and Krikunova, Maria and Mudrich, Marcel and Nejdl, Jaroslav and Andreasson, Jakob}, title = {Bright continuously tunable vacuum ultraviolet source for ultrafast spectroscopy}, series = {Communications Physics}, volume = {7}, journal = {Communications Physics}, publisher = {Nature Publishing Group}, issn = {2399-3650}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:526-opus4-18462}, year = {2024}, abstract = {Ultrafast electron dynamics drive phenomena such as photochemical reactions, catalysis, and light harvesting. To capture such dynamics in real-time, femtosecond to attosecond light sources are extensively used. However, an exact match between the excitation photon energy and a characteristic resonance is crucial. High-harmonic generation sources are advantageous in terms of pulse duration but limited in spectral tunability in the vacuum ultraviolet range. Here, we present a monochromatic femtosecond source continuously tunable around 21eV photon energy utilizing the second harmonic of an optical parametric chirped pulse amplification laser system to drive high-harmonic generation. The unique tunability of the source is verified in an experiment probing the interatomic Coulombic decay in doped He nanodroplets across the He absorption bands. Moreover, we achieved intensities sufficient for driving collective processes in multiply excited helium nanodroplets, which have been previously observed only at free electron lasers.}, language = {en} } @article{MedinaLagdsmandBenLtaiefetal.2023, author = {Medina, Cristian and L{\ae}gdsmand, Asbj{\o}rn {\O}rnemark and Ben Ltaief, Ltaief and Hoque, Ziaul and Roos, Andreas Hult and Jurkovičov{\´a}, Lucie and Hort, Ondřej and Finke, Ondřej and Albrecht, Martin and Nejdl, Jaroslav and Stienkemeier, Frank and Andreasson, Jakob and Klimešov{\´a}, Eva and Krikunova, Maria and Heidenreich, Andreas and Mudrich, Marcel}, title = {Long-lasting XUV activation of helium nanodroplets for avalanche ionization}, series = {New Journal of Physics}, volume = {25}, journal = {New Journal of Physics}, publisher = {Institute of Physics (IOP)}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:526-opus4-17701}, year = {2023}, abstract = {We study the dynamics of avalanche ionization of pure helium nanodroplets activated by a weak extreme-ultraviolet (XUV) pulse and driven by an intense near-infrared (NIR) pulse. In addition to a transient enhancement of ignition of a nanoplasma at short delay times \${\sim}200\$ fs, long-term activation of the nanodroplets lasting up to a few nanoseconds is observed. Molecular dynamics simulations suggest that the short-term activation is caused by the injection of seed electrons into the droplets by XUV photoemission. Long-term activation appears due to electrons remaining loosely bound to photoions which form stable 'snowball' structures in the droplets. Thus, we show that XUV irradiation can induce long-lasting changes of the strong-field optical properties of nanoparticles, potentially opening new routes to controlling avalanche-ionization phenomena in nanostructures and condensed-phase systems.}, language = {en} } @article{SchillingBeyerleinChien2023, author = {Schilling, Vincent and Beyerlein, Peter and Chien, Jeremy}, title = {A Bioinformatics Analysis of Ovarian Cancer Data Using Machine Learning}, series = {Algorithms}, volume = {16}, journal = {Algorithms}, number = {7}, publisher = {MDPI}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:526-opus4-17751}, year = {2023}, abstract = {The identification of biomarkers is crucial for cancer diagnosis, understanding the underlying biological mechanisms, and developing targeted therapies. In this study, we propose a machine learning approach to predict ovarian cancer patients' outcomes and platinum resistance status using publicly available gene expression data. Six classical machine-learning algorithms are compared on their predictive performance. Those with the highest score are analyzed by their feature importance using the SHAP algorithm. We were able to select multiple genes that correlated with the outcome and platinum resistance status of the patients and validated those using Kaplan-Meier plots. In comparison to similar approaches, the performance of the models was higher, and different genes using feature importance analysis were identified. The most promising identified genes that could be used as biomarkers are TMEFF2, ACSM3, SLC4A1, and ALDH4A1.}, language = {en} } @article{PrylutskaGrebinykPonomarenkoetal.2024, author = {Prylutska, Svitlana and Grebinyk, Anna and Ponomarenko, Stanislav and G{\"o}vem, Defne and Chumachenko, Vasyl and Kutsevol, Nataliya and Petrovsky, Mykola and Ritter, Uwe and Frohme, Marcus and Piosik, Jacek and Prylutskyy, Yuriy}, title = {Toxicity of Water-Soluble D-g-PNIPAM Polymers in a Complex with Chemotherapy Drugs and Mechanism of Their Action In Vitro}, series = {International Journal of Molecular Sciences}, volume = {25}, journal = {International Journal of Molecular Sciences}, number = {5}, publisher = {MDPI}, issn = {1422-0067}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:526-opus4-18790}, year = {2024}, abstract = {The application of a biocompatible polymer nanocarrier can provide target delivery to tumor tissues, improved pharmacokinetics, controlled drug release, etc. Therefore, the proposed strategy was to use the water-soluble star-like copolymers with a Dextran core and Poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) grafts (D-g-PNIPAM) for conjugation with the widely used chemotherapy drugs in oncology-Cisplatin (Cis-Pt) and Doxorubicin (Dox). The molecular characteristics of the copolymer were received using size-exclusion chromatography. The physicochemical characterization of the D-g-PNIPAM-Cis-Pt (or Dox) nanosystem was conducted using dynamic light scattering and FTIR spectroscopy. Using traditional biochemical methods, a comparative analysis of the enhancement of the cytotoxic effect of free Cis-Pt and Dox in combination with D-g-PNIPAM copolymers was performed in cancer cells of the Lewis lung carcinoma line, which are both sensitive and resistant to Dox; in addition, the mechanism of their action in vitro was evaluated.}, language = {en} } @article{FernholzErmakovaFabianetal.2024, author = {Fernholz, Yannick and Ermakova, Tatiana and Fabian, Benjamin and Buxmann, Peter}, title = {User-driven prioritization of ethical principles for artificial intelligence systems}, series = {Computers in Human Behavior: Artificial Humans}, volume = {2}, journal = {Computers in Human Behavior: Artificial Humans}, number = {1}, publisher = {Elsevier}, issn = {2949-8821}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:526-opus4-18509}, year = {2024}, abstract = {Despite the progress of Artificial Intelligence (AI) and its contribution to the advancement of human society, the prioritization of ethical principles from the viewpoint of its users has not yet received much attention and empirical investigations. This is important to develop appropriate safeguards and increase the acceptance of AI-mediated technologies among all members of society. In this research, we collected, integrated, and prioritized ethical principles for AI systems with respect to their relevance in different real-life application scenarios. First, an overview of ethical principles for AI was systematically derived from various academic and non-academic sources. Our results clearly show that transparency, justice and fairness, non-maleficence, responsibility, and privacy are most frequently mentioned in this corpus of documents. Next, an empirical survey to systematically identify users' priorities was designed and conducted in the context of selected scenarios: AI-mediated recruitment (human resources), predictive policing, autonomous vehicles, and hospital robots. We anticipate that the resulting ranking can serve as a valuable basis for formulating requirements for AI-mediated solutions and creating AI algorithms that prioritize user's needs. Our target audience includes everyone who will be affected by AI systems, e.g., policy makers, algorithm developers, and system managers as our ranking clearly depicts user's awareness regarding AI ethics.}, language = {en} } @article{GrytsenkoKolomzarovLytvynetal.2023, author = {Grytsenko, Kostyantyn and Kolomzarov, Yurii and Lytvyn, Peter and Kondratenko, Olga and Sopinskyy, Mykola and Lebedyeva, Iryna and Niemczyk, Agata and Baranowska, Jolanta and Moszyński, Dariusz and Villringer, Claus and Schrader, Sigurd}, title = {Optical and Mechanical Properties of Thin PTFE Films, Deposited from a Gas Phase}, series = {Macromolecular Materials and Engineering}, volume = {308}, journal = {Macromolecular Materials and Engineering}, number = {6}, publisher = {Wiley}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:526-opus4-17587}, year = {2023}, abstract = {Thin polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) films are produced by deposition from a gas phase by two methods: electron-enhanced vacuum deposition (EVD) and EVD + low-temperature plasma (LTP). Structure, morphology, and composition of the films are studied by IR spectroscopy, atomic force microscopy, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. They are close to the structure of bulk PTFE. The roughness of the films' surface is changed with gas pressure and LTP power variations. Films are transparent from UV to near-infrared regions. Refractive and extinction indices and their anisotropy are measured by spectral ellipsometry. They are tuned by variations of deposition conditions. Hardness and Young modulus of the films are increased if EVD + low power LTP is used for film deposition. Use of EVD + LTP also increases thermal stability of the films. Contact angle of the films corresponds to the bulk PTFE. The PTFE molecules oriented are preferentially in perpendicular direction to the substrate surface.}, language = {en} } @article{DhimanMiteffWangetal.2024, author = {Dhiman, Rachit and Miteff, Sofia and Wang, Yuancheng and Ma, Shih-Chi and Amirikas, Ramila and Fabian, Benjamin}, title = {Artificial Intelligence and Sustainability—A Review}, series = {Analytics}, volume = {3}, journal = {Analytics}, number = {1}, publisher = {MDPI}, issn = {2813-2203}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:526-opus4-18651}, pages = {140 -- 164}, year = {2024}, abstract = {In recent decades, artificial intelligence has undergone transformative advancements, reshaping diverse sectors such as healthcare, transport, agriculture, energy, and the media. Despite the enthusiasm surrounding AI's potential, concerns persist about its potential negative impacts, including substantial energy consumption and ethical challenges. This paper critically reviews the evolving landscape of AI sustainability, addressing economic, social, and environmental dimensions. The literature is systematically categorized into "Sustainability of AI" and "AI for Sustainability", revealing a balanced perspective between the two. The study also identifies a notable trend towards holistic approaches, with a surge in publications and empirical studies since 2019, signaling the field's maturity. Future research directions emphasize delving into the relatively under-explored economic dimension, aligning with the United Nations' Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), and addressing stakeholders' influence.}, language = {en} } @article{GavrylenkoPoltoratskyiNechyporenko2024, author = {Gavrylenko, Svitlana and Poltoratskyi, Vadym and Nechyporenko, Alina}, title = {Intrusion Detection Model Based on Improved Transformer}, series = {Advanced Information Systems}, volume = {8}, journal = {Advanced Information Systems}, number = {1}, publisher = {National Technical University Kharkiv Polytechnic Institute}, issn = {2522-9052}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:526-opus4-18750}, pages = {94 -- 99}, year = {2024}, abstract = {The object of the study is the process of identifying the state of a computer network. The subject of the study are the methods of identifying the state of computer networks. The purpose of the paper is to improve the efficacy of intrusion detection in computer networks by developing a method based on transformer models. The results obtained. The work analyzes traditional machine learning algorithms, deep learning methods and considers the advantages of using transformer models. A method for detecting intrusions in computer networks is proposed. This method differs from known approaches by utilizing the Vision Transformer for Small-size Datasets (ViTSD) deep learning algorithm. The method incorporates procedures to reduce the correlation of input data and transform data into a specific format required for model operations. The developed methods are implemented using Python and the GOOGLE COLAB cloud service with Jupyter Notebook. Conclusions. Experiments confirmed the efficiency of the proposed method. The use of the developed method based on the ViTSD algorithm and the data preprocessing procedure increases the model's accuracy to 98.7\%. This makes it possible to recommend it for practical use, in order to improve the accuracy of identifying the state of a computer system.}, language = {en} } @article{RadivoievychSchnepelPrylutskaetal.2024, author = {Radivoievych, Aleksandar and Schnepel, Sophia and Prylutska, Svitlana and Ritter, Uwe and Zolk, Oliver and Frohme, Marcus and Grebinyk, Anna}, title = {From 2D to 3D In Vitro World: Sonodynamically-Induced Prooxidant Proapoptotic Effects of C60-Berberine Nanocomplex on Cancer Cells}, series = {Cancers}, volume = {16}, journal = {Cancers}, number = {18}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:526-opus4-19438}, year = {2024}, abstract = {Recently, sonodynamic therapy (SDT) has emerged as a promising non-invasive approach for treating cancer by activating sensitizers with ultrasound (US). In this context, we investigated C60 fullerene (C60) as a nanocarrier for the promising drug Berberine (Ber)—both potential aromatic sonosensitizers. The preferential mitochondrial accumulation of C60 and the proapoptotic effects of Ber also make the C60-Berberine nanocomplex (C60-Ber) a good candidate for direct induction of the intrinsic apoptotic cell death under US action. The in vitro research on C60-Ber can provide insights into novel, non-invasive cancer treatments. These findings lead to the development of targeted therapies with reduced side effects, inspire interdisciplinary collaboration, and open new avenues for drug delivery and cancer therapy research.}, language = {en} } @article{NechyporenkoFrohmeStrelchuketal.2024, author = {Nechyporenko, Alina and Frohme, Marcus and Strelchuk, Yaroslav and Omelchenko, Vladyslav and Gargin, Vitaliy and Ishchenko, Liudmyla and Alekseeva, Victoriia}, title = {Galvanic Skin Response and Photoplethysmography for Stress Recognition Using Machine Learning and Wearable Sensors}, series = {Applied Sciences}, volume = {14}, journal = {Applied Sciences}, number = {24}, publisher = {MDPI}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:526-opus4-19803}, year = {2024}, abstract = {This study investigates stress recognition using galvanic skin response (GSR) and photoplethysmography (PPG) data and machine learning, with a new focus on air raid sirens as a stressor. It bridges laboratory and real-world conditions and highlights the reliability of wearable sensors in dynamic, high-stress environments such as war and conflict zones. The study involves 37 participants (20 men, 17 women), aged 20-30, who had not previously heard an air raid siren. A 70 dB "S-40 electric siren" (400-450 Hz) was delivered via headphones. The protocol included a 5 min resting period, followed by 3 min "no-stress" phase, followed by 3 min "stress" phase, and finally a 3 min recovery phase. GSR and PPG signals were recorded using Shimmer 3 GSR+ sensors on the fingers and earlobes. A single session was conducted to avoid sensitization. The workflow includes signal preprocessing to remove artifacts, feature extraction, feature selection, and application of different machine learning models to classify the "stress "and "no-stress" states. As a result, the best classification performance was shown by the k-Nearest Neighbors model, achieving 0.833 accuracy. This was achieved by using a particular combination of heart rate variability (HRV) and GSR features, which can be considered as new indicators of siren-induced stress.}, language = {en} } @article{KlimesovaKulykMartinetal.2025, author = {Klimesova, Eva and Kulyk, Olena and Martin, Lucas Janos and Sch{\"u}tte, Bernd and Fr{\"u}hling, Ulrike and Drescher, Markus and Pan, Rui and Stojanovic, Nikola and Bermudez Macias, Ivette J. and D{\"u}sterer, Stefan and Andreasson, Jakob and Wieland, Marek and Krikunova, Maria}, title = {Electron thermalization and ion acceleration in XUV-produced plasma from nanoparticles in He gas environment}, series = {New Journal of Physics}, volume = {27}, journal = {New Journal of Physics}, publisher = {Institute of Physics Publishing (IOP); Deutsche Physikalische Gesellschaft}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:526-opus4-19818}, year = {2025}, abstract = {We use intense femtosecond extreme ultraviolet (XUV) pulses with a photon energy of 92 eV from the FLASH free electron laser to irradiate substrate-free CsCl nanoparticles surrounded by a He gas with a number density of around 1015 cm-3. By simultaneously detecting electrons and energetic ions from the laser-irradiated micron-size target we study the acceleration mechanism of light ions at the microplasma-vacuum boundary as well as at the layer close to the nanoparticle surface. When the XUV pulse interacts with the gas alone, helium ions are accelerated to energies exceeding 100 eV. In the presence of the nanoparticle, light ions gain additional energy in the electric field around the ionized nanoparticle and their energy spectrum changes considerably. We present an electrostatic model to explain the ion acceleration mechanisms both with and without the nanoparticle and discuss the role of the gas environment in experiments.}, language = {en} } @article{NechyporenkoNazaryanSemkoetal.2021, author = {Nechyporenko, Alina and Nazaryan, Rosana and Semko, Galyna and Lupyr, Andrii and Yurevych, Nadiia and Fomenko, Yuliia and Kostiukov, Eduard and Alekseeva, Victoriia}, title = {Application of spiral computed tomography for determination of the minimal bone density variability of the maxillary sinus walls in chronic odontogenic and rhinogenic sinusitis}, series = {Ukrainian Journal of Radiology and Oncology}, volume = {29}, journal = {Ukrainian Journal of Radiology and Oncology}, number = {4}, issn = {2708-7166}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:526-opus4-19121}, pages = {65 -- 75}, year = {2021}, abstract = {Background. There are many questions regarding the peculiarities of the course of odontogenic maxillary sinusitis, the likelihood of complications and the correct dosage of load during dental implantation. Purpose - to identify changes in minimal bone density in chronic odontogenic maxillary sinusitis and to compare it with chronic rhinogenic catarrhal maxillary sinusitis and physiological state of maxillary sinus. Materials and Methods. Our study involved 10 patients with chronic odontogenic maxillary sinusitis, 10 patients with chronic maxillary non-polyposis sinusitis of rhinogenic etiology, combined with hyperplasia of the sinus mucosa up to 1 cm. The control group comprised 10 patients with physiological condition of maxillary sinuses. In all subjects minimal bone density of superior, medial and inferior walls of maxillary sinus was analyzed. Results. The study showed that the maximum in physiological conditions is the minimal density of the upper wall of the maxillary sinus, the minimum is the lower wall. The minimal density of the lower wall was shown to undergo a statistically significant reduction in chronic catarrhal maxillary sinusitis only by 2\%, the upper by 5\%, the medial by 4\% compared with the intact sinus, but with the odontogenic nature of maxillary sinusitis, this figure was 31\% in the lower wall, 27\% in the medial region. Only the density of the upper wall of the maxillary sinus remained quite stable, it decreased relative to the physiological one only by 6\%. Conclusions. Minimal physiological densitometric parameters of lower, medial and upper walls were calculated. The reduction of minimal density of bone tissue in the cases of rhinogenic chronic catarrhal maxillary sinusitis. In the cases of chronic odontogenic maxillary sinusitis, maximum significant decrease of minimal density of both lower and medial walls is determined.}, language = {en} } @article{DreyerMotocKoehleretal.2023, author = {Dreyer, Christian and Motoc, Dana Luca and Koehler, Mathias and Goldenberg, Leonid}, title = {UV LED Curable Perfluoropolyether (PFPE)-Urethane Methacrylate Transparent Coatings for Photonic Applications: Synthesis and Characterization}, series = {Polymers}, volume = {15}, journal = {Polymers}, number = {14}, publisher = {MDPI}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:526-opus4-19139}, pages = {1}, year = {2023}, abstract = {The contribution aims to bring forth a novel synthesis route in developing transparent UV LED-curable coatings accounting for various exposure options. A selection of perfluoropolyether (PFPE)-urethane methacrylate and acrylate resins, free-radical photo-initiator Omnirad 2100, and two distinct silane-based crosslinking agents were blended under a weight ratio of 75:20:5 (without crosslinker) and 70:15:5:10, respectively. The coatings were cured under a UV LED 4 × 3 matrix light emitting source, in a chamber under a controlled atmosphere, by means of an in-house developed conveyor belt type platform, at different conveyor belt speeds (5, 50, 150, 250, and 500 mm/s). The morphologies of fabricated coatings were characterized by FTIR revealing high conversion rates (e.g., from 98 to 100\%) for increased exposure time as a result of the 5 or 50 mm/s values, on all combinations. Dynamic-mechanical and optical properties of UV LED-cured transparent coatings were also investigated. A negative shift of the glass transition temperature values with a decrease in exposure time, in all combinations, from about 60 °C to 30 °C, along with storage moduli lowering in the glassy plateau further favors higher exposure times for curing. The refractive indices of poly-mers were from 1.38 to 1.40, whereas the thermo-optic coefficients are showing minor changes around the value of 2.55∙10-4 K-1.}, language = {en} } @article{FuenningPaulManganellietal.2025, author = {F{\"u}nning, Tabea and Paul, Martin and Manganelli, Costanza Lucia and Wenger, Christian and Mai, Andreas and Steglich, Patrick}, title = {Comparative simulation analysis of photonic ultrasound sensors based on silicon waveguides}, series = {Scientific Reports}, volume = {15}, journal = {Scientific Reports}, publisher = {Springer Nature}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:526-opus4-20560}, year = {2025}, abstract = {Pressure sensors based on photonic integrated circuits (PIC) offer the prospect of outstanding sensitivities, extreme miniaturization and have the potential for highly scalable production using CMOS compatible processing. PIC-based pressure sensors detect the change in optical properties, i.e. the intensity or phase of the optical carrier wave inside miniaturized waveguide structures. The detection of ultrasound is achieved by engineering the waveguide architecture such that a pressure causes a high change in the effective refractive index of the waveguide. A range of PIC-based pressure sensors have been reported, but a comparison of the sensitivity of the different approaches is not straightforward, since different pressure sensitive waveguide architectures as well as photonic layouts and measurement setups impact the performance. Additionally, the used sensitivity unit is not uniform throughout the different studies, further complicating a comparison. In this work, a detailed simulation study is carried out by finite element modeling of different pressure sensitive waveguide architectures for a consistent comparison. We analyze three different sensor architectures: (A) a free standing membrane located within a tiny air gap above the waveguide, (B) a waveguide located on top of a deflectable membrane as well as (C) a waveguide embedded inside a pressure-sensitive polymer cladding. The mechanical response of the structures and the resulting changes in mode propagation, i.e. the change of the effective refractive index, are analyzed. The waveguide sensitivities in RIU/MPa for different waveguide types (strip, slot) and polarization states (TE, TM) are compared. The results reveal inherent limitations of the different waveguide designs and create a basis for the selection of suitable designs for further ultrasound sensor development. Possibilities for enhancing waveguide sensitivity are identified and discussed. Additionally, we have shown that the studied approaches are extensible to SiN waveguides.}, language = {en} } @article{Seeliger2013, author = {Seeliger, Frank}, title = {Betriebliche Einstiegsqualifizierung als zweite Chance}, series = {BuB : Forum f{\"u}r Bibliothek und Information}, volume = {65}, journal = {BuB : Forum f{\"u}r Bibliothek und Information}, number = {3}, issn = {0340-0301}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:526-opus4-9608}, pages = {182 -- 183}, year = {2013}, abstract = {Die Ausbildung zum Fachangestellten f{\"u}r Medien und Informationsdienste (FaMI) in der Fachrichtung Bibliothek ist sehr anspruchsvoll und verlangt einiges von den Jugendlichen ab. Daher gilt in der Wildauer Hochschulbibliothek f{\"u}r Lehrlinge der gleiche Grundsatz wie f{\"u}r Studierende: Scheitern ist erlaubt - was sich in der bislang zehnj{\"a}hrigen Erfahrung als Ausbildungsbetrieb allerdings nur einmal bewahrheitet hat.}, language = {de} } @article{GrytsenkoSchraderDetert2014, author = {Grytsenko, Kostyantyn and Schrader, Sigurd and Detert, Heiner}, title = {Ultra-stable dye-filled polytetrafluoroethylene thin films}, series = {Nanoscience \& Technology: Open Access}, volume = {1}, journal = {Nanoscience \& Technology: Open Access}, number = {2}, issn = {2374-8141}, doi = {10.15771/2374-8141_2014_1}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:526-opus4-5947}, pages = {5}, year = {2014}, abstract = {Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) and polyparaphenylene sulphide (PPS) thin films filled with molecules of different dyes were obtained by co-deposition in vacuum. The PTFE matrix prevented aggregation of dye molecules more strongly, than PPS matrix. During heating PTFE matrix kept the dye molecules in not aggregated state up to dye decomposition temperature. Dyes of all types, buried in the PTFE matrix, exhibited high stability toward actions of external factors: light, temperature, acids.}, language = {en} } @article{RadkeSandigLubitzetal.2017, author = {Radke, Lars and Sandig, Grit and Lubitz, Annika and Schließer, Ulrike and von Horsten, Hans Henning and Blanchard, V{\´e}ronique and Keil, Karolin and Sandig, Volker and Giese, Christoph and Hummel, Michael and Hinderlich, Stephan and Frohme, Marcus}, title = {In Vitro Evaluation of Glycoengineered RSV-F in the Human Artificial Lymph Node Reactor}, series = {Bioengineering}, volume = {4}, journal = {Bioengineering}, number = {3}, issn = {2306-5354}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:526-opus4-9831}, year = {2017}, abstract = {Subunit vaccines often require adjuvants to elicit sustained immune activity. Here, a method is described to evaluate the efficacy of single vaccine candidates in the preclinical stage based on cytokine and gene expression analysis. As a model, the recombinant human respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) fusion protein (RSV-F) was produced in CHO cells. For comparison, wild-type and glycoengineered, afucosylated RSV-F were established. Both glycoprotein vaccines were tested in a commercial Human Artificial Lymph Node in vitro model (HuALN®). The analysis of six key cytokines in cell culture supernatants showed well-balanced immune responses for the afucosylated RSV-F, while immune response of wild-type RSV-F was more Th1 accentuated. In particular, stronger and specific secretion of interleukin-4 after each round of re-stimulation underlined higher potency and efficacy of the afucosylated vaccine candidate. Comprehensive gene expression analysis by nCounter gene expression assay confirmed the stronger onset of the immunologic reaction in stimulation experiments with the afucosylated vaccine in comparison to wild-type RSV-F and particularly revealed prominent activation of Th17 related genes, innate immunity, and comprehensive activation of humoral immunity. We, therefore, show that our method is suited to distinguish the potency of two vaccine candidates with minor structural differences.}, language = {en} } @article{SandigvonHorstenRadkeetal.2017, author = {Sandig, Grit and von Horsten, Hans Henning and Radke, Lars and Blanchard, V{\´e}ronique and Frohme, Marcus and Giese, Christoph and Sandig, Volker and Hinderlich, Stephan}, title = {Engineering of CHO Cells for the Production of Recombinant Glycoprotein Vaccines with Xylosylated N-glycans}, series = {Bioengineering}, volume = {4}, journal = {Bioengineering}, number = {2}, issn = {2306-5354}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:526-opus4-9620}, year = {2017}, abstract = {Xylose is a general component of O-glycans in mammals. Core-xylosylation of N-glycans is only found in plants and helminth. Consequently, xylosylated N-glycans cause immunological response in humans. We have used the F-protein of the human respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), one of the main causes of respiratory tract infection in infants and elderly, as a model protein for vaccination. The RSV-F protein was expressed in CHO-DG44 cells, which were further modified by co-expression of β1,2-xylosyltransferase from Nicotiana tabacum. Xylosylation of RSV-F N-glycans was shown by monosaccharide analysis and MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry. In immunogenic studies with a human artificial lymph node model, the engineered RSV-F protein revealed improved vaccination efficacy.}, language = {en} } @article{LukoseLiskerAkhtaretal.2021, author = {Lukose, Rasuole and Lisker, Marco and Akhtar, Fatima and Fraschke, Mirko and Grabolla, T. and Mai, Andreas and Lukosius, Mindaugas}, title = {Influence of plasma treatment on SiO2/Si and Si3N4/Si substrates for large-scale transfer of graphene}, series = {Scientific Reports}, volume = {11}, journal = {Scientific Reports}, issn = {2045-2322}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:526-opus4-14179}, year = {2021}, abstract = {One of the limiting factors of graphene integration into electronic, photonic, or sensing devices is the unavailability of large-scale graphene directly grown on the isolators. Therefore, it is necessary to transfer graphene from the donor growth wafers onto the isolating target wafers. In the present research, graphene was transferred from the chemical vapor deposited 200 mm Germanium/Silicon (Ge/Si) wafers onto isolating (SiO2/Si and Si3N4/Si) wafers by electrochemical delamination procedure, employing poly(methylmethacrylate) as an intermediate support layer. In order to influence the adhesion properties of graphene, the wettability properties of the target substrates were investigated in this study. To increase the adhesion of the graphene on the isolating surfaces, they were pre-treated with oxygen plasma prior the transfer process of graphene. The wetting contact angle measurements revealed the increase of the hydrophilicity after surface interaction with oxygen plasma, leading to improved adhesion of the graphene on 200 mm target wafers and possible proof-of-concept development of graphene-based devices in standard Si technologies.}, language = {en} } @article{ElvirettiLiskerLukoseetal.2022, author = {Elviretti, M. and Lisker, Marco and Lukose, Rasuole and Lukosius, Mindaugas and Akhtar, Fatima and Mai, Andreas}, title = {Reliable metal-graphene contact formation process flows in a CMOS-compatible environment}, series = {Nanoscale Advances}, volume = {4}, journal = {Nanoscale Advances}, publisher = {Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:526-opus4-16581}, pages = {4373 -- 4380}, year = {2022}, abstract = {The possibility of exploiting the enormous potential of graphene for microelectronics and photonics must go through the optimization of the graphene-metal contact. Achieving low contact resistance is essential for the consideration of graphene as a candidate material for electronic and photonic devices. This work has been carried out in an 8′′ wafer pilot-line for the integration of graphene into a CMOS environment. The main focus is to study the impact of the patterning of graphene and passivation on metal-graphene contact resistance. The latter is measured by means of transmission line measurement (TLM) with several contact designs. The presented approaches enable reproducible formation of contact resistivity as low as 660 Ω μm with a sheet resistance of 1.8 kΩ/□ by proper graphene patterning, passivation of the channel and a post-processing treatment such as annealing.}, language = {en} } @article{BauerGutkeHeinrichetal.2020, author = {Bauer, Joachim and Gutke, Marko and Heinrich, Friedhelm and Edling, Matthias and Stoycheva, Vesela and Kaltenbach, Alexander and Burkhardt, Martin and Gruenefeld, Martin and Gamp, Matthias and Gerhard, Christoph and Steglich, Patrick and Steffen, Sebastian and Herzog, Michael and Dreyer, Christian and Schrader, Sigurd}, title = {Novel UV-transparent 2-component polyurethane resin for chip-on-board LED micro lenses}, series = {Optical Materials Express}, volume = {10}, journal = {Optical Materials Express}, number = {9}, issn = {2159-3930}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:526-opus4-13472}, pages = {2085 -- 2099}, year = {2020}, abstract = {In this work we present a novel optical polymer system based on polyurethane elastomer components, which combines excellent UV transparency with high thermal stability, good hardness, high surface tension and long pot life. The material looks very promising for encapsulation and microlensing applications for chip-on-board (CoB) light-emitting diodes (LED). The extinction coefficient k, refractive index n, and bandgap parameters were derived from transmission and reflection measurements in a wavelength range of 200-890 nm. Thermogravimetry and differential scanning calorimetry were used to provide glass transition and degradation temperatures. The surface tension was determined by means of contact angle measurements. As proof of concept, a commercial InGaN-CoB-LED is used to demonstrate the suitability of the new material for the production of microlenses.}, language = {en} } @article{KrauseStoyeVingron2005, author = {Krause, Antje and Stoye, Jens and Vingron, Martin}, title = {Large scale hierarchical clustering of protein sequences}, series = {BMC Bioinformatics}, journal = {BMC Bioinformatics}, publisher = {BioMed Central}, issn = {1471-2105}, doi = {10.15771/1471-2105_2005_6_15}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:526-opus-153}, year = {2005}, abstract = {Background: Searching a biological sequence database with a query sequence looking for homologues has become a routine operation in computational biology. In spite of the high degree of sophistication of currently available search routines it is still virtually impossible to identify quickly and clearly a group of sequences that a given query sequence belongs to. Results: We report on our developments in grouping all known protein sequences hierarchically into superfamily and family clusters. Our graph-based algorithms take into account the topology of the sequence space induced by the data itself to construct a biologically meaningful partitioning. We have applied our clustering procedures to a non-redundant set of about 1,000,000 sequences resulting in a hierarchical clustering which is being made available for querying and browsing at http://systers.molgen.mpg.de/. Conclusions: Comparisons with other widely used clustering methods on various data sets show the abilities and strengths of our clustering methods in producing a biologically meaningful grouping of protein sequences.}, language = {en} } @book{Karp2023, author = {Karp, Markus}, title = {Homo remotus - Kritik zur F{\"u}hrung auf Distanz}, publisher = {KOMPAKT MEDIA}, address = {Magdeburg}, doi = {10.15771/1736}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:526-opus4-17368}, publisher = {Technische Hochschule Wildau}, pages = {100}, year = {2023}, abstract = {Wie sich die Welt um uns herum ver{\"a}ndert, nehmen wir wohl so wahr, als w{\"u}rde darunter eine Beschleunigungskraft wirken. Die Entwicklung gesellschaftlicher Interaktionen wird von uns Menschen selbst angetrieben. Je mehr sich die eine oder andere Gruppe in eine bestimmte Richtung verh{\"a}lt, umso mehr wirkt das Gruppenverhalten als Entwicklungstendenz. Die technisch vernetzte Welt dr{\"a}ngt seit {\"u}ber 20 Jahren in unseren Lebens- und Arbeitsalltag vor. Die fast drei Jahre andauernde Corona- Pandemie hat unter Druck von Kontaktbeschr{\"a}nkungen die Nutzung der technischen M{\"o}glichkeiten beschleunigt und damit Arbeitsflexibilit{\"a}t und -mobilit{\"a}t in einer Weise realisiert, wie dies zuvor noch nie der Fall war. Arbeitswelt ist Lebenswelt; und deshalb wirkt sich ein zunehmendes Potenzial an Distanzinteraktionen auf wirtschaftliche, soziale, psychische, rechtliche und/oder kulturelle Bedingungen aus.}, language = {de} } @unpublished{HollmannKremerBaebleretal.2020, author = {Hollmann, Susanne and Kremer, Andreas and Baebler, Špela and Trefois, Christophe and Gruden, Kristina and Rudnicki, Witold R. and Tong, Weida and Gruca, Aleksandra and Bongcam-Rudloff, Erik and Evelo, Chris T. and Nechyporenko, Alina and Frohme, Marcus and Šafr{\´a}nek, David and Regierer, Babette and D'Elia, Domenica}, title = {The need for standardisation in life science research - an approach to excellence and trust. [version 1; peer review: 3 approved]}, series = {F1000Research}, volume = {9}, journal = {F1000Research}, issn = {2046-1402}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:526-opus4-13891}, year = {2020}, abstract = {Today, academic researchers benefit from the changes driven by digital technologies and the enormous growth of knowledge and data, on globalisation, enlargement of the scientific community, and the linkage between different scientific communities and the society. To fully benefit from this development, however, information needs to be shared openly and transparently. Digitalisation plays a major role here because it permeates all areas of business, science and society and is one of the key drivers for innovation and international cooperation. To address the resulting opportunities, the EU promotes the development and use of collaborative ways to produce and share knowledge and data as early as possible in the research process, but also to appropriately secure results with the European strategy for Open Science (OS). It is now widely recognised that making research results more accessible to all societal actors contributes to more effective and efficient science; it also serves as a boost for innovation in the public and private sectors. However for research data to be findable, accessible, interoperable and reusable the use of standards is essential. At the metadata level, considerable efforts in standardisation have already been made (e.g. Data Management Plan and FAIR Principle etc.), whereas in context with the raw data these fundamental efforts are still fragmented and in some cases completely missing. The CHARME consortium, funded by the European Cooperation in Science and Technology (COST) Agency, has identified needs and gaps in the field of standardisation in the life sciences and also discussed potential hurdles for implementation of standards in current practice. Here, the authors suggest four measures in response to current challenges to ensure a high quality of life science research data and their re-usability for research and innovation.}, language = {en} } @article{FrickePsarianosSabbanetal.2022, author = {Fricke, Anna and Psarianos, Marios and Sabban, Jakob and Fitzner, Maria and Reipsch, Riccardo and Schl{\"u}ter, Oliver K. and Dreyer, Christian and Vogt, Julia H.-M. and Schreiner, Monika and Baldermann, Susanne}, title = {Composite materials for innovative urban farming of alternative food sources (macroalgae and crickets)}, series = {Frontiers in Sustainable Food Systems}, volume = {6}, journal = {Frontiers in Sustainable Food Systems}, publisher = {Frontiers}, issn = {2571-581X}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:526-opus4-16822}, year = {2022}, abstract = {Facing an inexorable growth of the human population along with substantial environmental changes, the assurance of food security is a major challenge of the present century. To ensure responsible food consumption and production (SDG 12), new approaches in the food system are required. Thus, environmentally controlled, sustainable production of alternative food sources are of key interest for both urban agriculture and food research. To face the current challenge of integrating food production systems within existing structures, multidisciplinary discourses are required. Here, we bring together novel technologies and indoor farming techniques with the aim of supporting the development of sustainable food production systems. For this purpose, we investigated the feasibility of 10 composite materials for their innovative use as structural support in macroalgal cultivation (settlement substrates) and cricket rearing (housing). Considering material resistance, rigidity, and direct material-organism interactions, the bio-based composite polylactic acid (PLA) was identified as a suitable material for joint farming. For macroalgae cultivation, PLA sustained the corrosive cultivation conditions and provided a suitable substrate without affecting the macroalgal physiology or nutritional composition (carotenoids and chlorophylls). For cricket rearing, PLA provided a suitable and recyclable shelter, which was quickly accepted by the animals without any observed harm. In contrast, other common composite components like phenolic resin or aramid were found to be unsuitable due to being harmful for the cultivated organisms or instable toward the applied sterilization procedure. This multidisciplinary study not only provides profound insights in the developing field of urban indoor food production from a new perspective, but also bridges material science and farming approaches to develop new sustainable and resilient food production systems.}, language = {en} } @article{MomanyiHerzogMuchiri2019, author = {Momanyi, Job and Herzog, Michael and Muchiri, Peter}, title = {Analysis of Thermomechanical Properties of Selected Class of Recycled Thermoplastic Materials Based on Their Applications}, series = {Recycling}, volume = {4}, journal = {Recycling}, issn = {2313-4321}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:526-opus4-12509}, year = {2019}, abstract = {Polypropylene and polystyrene are petroleum-based thermoplastics which are commonly used and disposed of in the environment after their service life, leading to environmental degradation. There is a need to recycle polypropylene and polystyrene, but the effect of recycling on thermo-mechanical properties is not well understood. This study aims to determine thermo-mechanical properties of the recycled polypropylene and recycled polystyrene and compare them with corresponding virgin polypropylene and newly produced polystyrene (general purpose polystyrene 1540 and high impact polystyrene 7240). The study was carried out by preparing bar-shaped samples of recycled polypropylene, recycled polystyrene, general purpose polystyrene 1540, and high impact polystyrene 7240 by compression molding using a hot press and thermally characterizing them to determine glass transition temperature and melting temperature using differential scanning calorimetry. The changes in Young\’s modulus, tensile strength, hardness, and toughness due to recycling activities were determined at room temperature (24 °C), 40 °C, 60 °C, and 80 °C. The thermo-mechanical properties of recycled polystyrene (PS) were found to be comparable to those of high impact polystyrene (HIPS) 7240. The study revealed that the hardness and toughness for the recycled polymers were higher than those of corresponding virgin polymers. On the other hand, tensile strength and Young's modulus for the recycled polymers were lower than those of the virgin polymers. Understanding the thermo-mechanical properties of the recycled polymers will contribute to more industrial applications hence increase the rate of recycling, resulting in a reduction in environmental pollution.}, language = {en} } @article{NjugunaMuchiriMwemaetal.2021, author = {Njuguna, James K. and Muchiri, Peter and Mwema, Fredrick M. and Karuri, Nancy W. and Herzog, Michael and Dimitrov, Kiril}, title = {Determination of thermo-mechanical properties of recycled polyurethane from glycolysis polyol}, series = {Scientific African}, volume = {12}, journal = {Scientific African}, issn = {2468-2276}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:526-opus4-14911}, year = {2021}, abstract = {Polyurethane foam is one of the most versatile polymers widely used in the automotive industry. However, due to the rising amount of polyurethane foam waste in the environment, there is growing research attention focusing on circular economy solutions to closing the material loop. This study aimed to determine the possible changes in thermo-mechanical properties between rigid polyurethane prepared using polyols derived from depolymerization of commercial polyurethane foam with benchmark rigid polyurethane (Ben PU). Polyurethane foams containing dispersion polyol were reacted with dipropylene glycol (DPG) and diethylene glycol (DEG) with a ratio of DPG: DEG of 1:1 in the presence of a consumable catalyst (Di-n-butyl amine). The recovered polyol was used as a raw material replacing 100\% benchmark rigid polyurethane petroleum-based polyester polyol to produce the recycled polyurethane (Rec PU). Thermal analysis was conducted to measure the recycled polyurethane's glass transition temperatures (Tg) using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). Tensile strength, elastic modulus, toughness, and hardness test of the recycled polyurethane were conducted under three different temperatures; 24°C, 40°C, and 60°C. From the DSC results, the glass transition temperatures for the recycled and the benchmark rigid polyurethane occurred at 43°C and 50.4°C, respectively. Both polymers showed the brittle-ductile transition from 24°C to 40°C. Tensile strength for recycled polyurethane was lower than that of benchmark rigid polyurethane by 29-43\% and a corresponding 24-50\% decrease in elastic modulus. Recycled polyurethane recorded lower toughness than petroleum-based pure polyurethane by 13-16\%. However, the recycled polymer recorded high shored D values than the benchmark rigid polyurethane by 9-29\%. This study reveals that recycled polyol could be used as feedstock for polyurethane production with applications tailored to its mechanical properties.}, language = {en} } @article{ReinhardtMahdaviaslPrelletal.2024, author = {Reinhardt, Heiner and Mahdaviasl, Mahtab and Prell, Bastian and Mauersberger, Anton and Klimant, Philipp and Reiff-Stephan, J{\"o}rg and Ihlenfeldt, Steffen}, title = {Efficient data acquisition for traceability and analytics}, series = {Procedia CIRP}, volume = {122}, journal = {Procedia CIRP}, publisher = {Elsevier}, issn = {2212-8271}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:526-opus4-19232}, pages = {73 -- 78}, year = {2024}, abstract = {Implementing processes for traceability is required in various industries to assure product quality during manufacturing, provide evidence on required processing conditions or facilitate product recalls. Commonly, radio-frequency identification (RFID) or code recognition techniques (e.g. Data Matrix) are applied to track the flow of workpieces through a manufacturing system and link processing data accordingly. Although the analysis of tracking data is well-examined, we still see a gap in the research on the trade-off between data acquisition, data analytics and data quality. Here, we present a framework to increase the value of existing data by enabling data analytics while addressing common pitfalls and reducing the costs of data management.}, language = {en} } @article{SchokraieHotzWagenblattWarnkenetal.2010, author = {Schokraie, Elham and Hotz-Wagenblatt, Agnes and Warnken, Uwe and Mali, Brahim and Frohme, Marcus and F{\"o}rster, Frank and Dandekar, Thomas and Hengherr, Steffen and Schill, Ralph O. and Schn{\"o}lzer, Martina}, title = {Proteomic Analysis of Tardigrades: Towards a Better Understanding of Molecular Mechanisms by Anhydrobiotic Organisms}, series = {PLoS ONE}, volume = {5}, journal = {PLoS ONE}, number = {3}, issn = {1932-6203}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:526-opus4-6214}, pages = {37}, year = {2010}, abstract = {Tardigrades are small, multicellular invertebrates which are able to survive times of unfavourable environmental conditions using their well-known capability to undergo cryptobiosis at any stage of their life cycle. Milnesium tardigradum has become a powerful model system for the analysis of cryptobiosis. While some genetic information is already available for Milnesium tardigradum the proteome is still to be discovered.}, language = {en} } @article{SchokraieWarnkenHotzWagenblattetal.2012, author = {Schokraie, Elham and Warnken, Uwe and Hotz-Wagenblatt, Agnes and Grohme, Markus and Hengherr, Steffen and F{\"o}rster, Frank and Schill, Ralph O. and Frohme, Marcus and Dandekar, Thomas and Schn{\"o}lzer, Martina}, title = {Comparative proteome analysis of Milnesium tardigradum in early embryonic state versus adults in active and anhydrobiotic state}, series = {PLoS ONE}, volume = {7}, journal = {PLoS ONE}, number = {9}, issn = {1932-6203}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:526-opus4-6392}, pages = {25}, year = {2012}, abstract = {Tardigrades have fascinated researchers for more than 300 years because of their extraordinary capability to undergo cryptobiosis and survive extreme environmental conditions. However, the survival mechanisms of tardigrades are still poorly understood mainly due to the absence of detailed knowledge about the proteome and genome of these organisms. Our study was intended to provide a basis for the functional characterization of expressed proteins in different states of tardigrades. High-throughput, high-accuracy proteomics in combination with a newly developed tardigrade specific protein database resulted in the identification of more than 3000 proteins in three different states: early embryonic state and adult animals in active and anhydrobiotic state. This comprehensive proteome resource includes protein families such as chaperones, antioxidants, ribosomal proteins, cytoskeletal proteins, transporters, protein channels, nutrient reservoirs, and developmental proteins. A comparative analysis of protein families in the different states was performed by calculating the exponentially modified protein abundance index which classifies proteins in major and minor components. This is the first step to analyzing the proteins involved in early embryonic development, and furthermore proteins which might play an important role in the transition into the anhydrobiotic state.}, language = {en} } @article{FoersterBeisserGrohmeetal.2012, author = {F{\"o}rster, Frank and Beisser, Daniela and Grohme, Markus and Liang, Chunguang and Mali, Brahim and Siegl, Alexander Matthias and Engelmann, Julia C. and Shkumatov, Alexander and Schokraie, Elham and M{\"u}ller, Tobias and Schn{\"o}lzer, Martina and Schill, Ralph O. and Frohme, Marcus and Dandekar, Thomas}, title = {Transcriptome Analysis in Tardigrade Species Reveals Specific Molecular Pathways for Stress Adaptations}, series = {Bioinformatics and Biology Insights}, volume = {2012}, journal = {Bioinformatics and Biology Insights}, number = {6}, issn = {1177-9322}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:526-opus4-6153}, pages = {69 -- 96}, year = {2012}, abstract = {Tardigrades have unique stress-adaptations that allow them to survive extremes of cold, heat, radiation and vacuum. To study this, encoded protein clusters and pathways from an ongoing transcriptome study on the tardigrade Milnesium tardigradum were analyzed using bioinformatics tools and compared to expressed sequence tags (ESTs) from Hypsibius dujardini, revealing major pathways involved in resistance against extreme environmental conditions. ESTs are available on the Tardigrade Workbench along with software and databank updates. Our analysis reveals that RNA stability motifs for M. tardigradum are different from typical motifs known from higher animals. M. tardigradum and H. dujardini protein clusters and conserved domains imply metabolic storage pathways for glycogen, glycolipids and specific secondary metabolism as well as stress response pathways (including heat shock proteins, bmh2, and specific repair pathways). Redox-, DNA-, stress- and protein protection pathways complement specific repair capabilities to achieve the strong robustness of M. tardigradum. These pathways are partly conserved in other animals and their manipulation could boost stress adaptation even in human cells. However, the unique combination of resistance and repair pathways make tardigrades and M. tardigradum in particular so highly stress resistant.}, language = {en} } @article{FoersterLiangShkumatovetal.2009, author = {F{\"o}rster, Frank and Liang, Chunguang and Shkumatov, Alexander and Beisser, Daniela and Engelmann, Julia C. and Schn{\"o}lzer, Martina and Frohme, Marcus and M{\"u}ller, Tobias and Schill, Ralph O. and Dandekar, Thomas}, title = {Tardigrade workbench: comparing stress-related proteins, sequence-similar and functional protein clusters as well as RNA elements in tardigrades}, series = {BMC Genomics}, volume = {10}, journal = {BMC Genomics}, number = {469}, issn = {1471-2164}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:526-opus4-6461}, pages = {10}, year = {2009}, abstract = {Background Tardigrades represent an animal phylum with extraordinary resistance to environmental stress. Results To gain insights into their stress-specific adaptation potential, major clusters of related and similar proteins are identified, as well as specific functional clusters delineated comparing all tardigrades and individual species (Milnesium tardigradum, Hypsibius dujardini, Echiniscus testudo, Tulinus stephaniae, Richtersius coronifer) and functional elements in tardigrade mRNAs are analysed. We find that 39.3\% of the total sequences clustered in 58 clusters of more than 20 proteins. Among these are ten tardigrade specific as well as a number of stress-specific protein clusters. Tardigrade-specific functional adaptations include strong protein, DNA- and redox protection, maintenance and protein recycling. Specific regulatory elements regulate tardigrade mRNA stability such as lox P DICE elements whereas 14 other RNA elements of higher eukaryotes are not found. Further features of tardigrade specific adaption are rapidly identified by sequence and/or pattern search on the web-tool tardigrade analyzer http://waterbear.bioapps.biozentrum.uni-wuerzburg.de. The work-bench offers nucleotide pattern analysis for promotor and regulatory element detection (tardigrade specific; nrdb) as well as rapid COG search for function assignments including species-specific repositories of all analysed data. Conclusion Different protein clusters and regulatory elements implicated in tardigrade stress adaptations are analysed including unpublished tardigrade sequences.}, language = {en} } @article{MaliGrohmeFoersteretal.2010, author = {Mali, Brahim and Grohme, Markus and F{\"o}rster, Frank and Dandekar, Thomas and Schn{\"o}lzer, Martina and Reuter, Dirk and Wełnicz, Weronika and Schill, Ralph O. and Frohme, Marcus}, title = {Transcriptome survey of the anhydrobiotic tardigrade Milnesium tardigradum in comparison with Hypsibius dujardini and Richtersius coronifer}, series = {BMC Genomics}, volume = {11}, journal = {BMC Genomics}, number = {168}, issn = {1471-2164}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:526-opus4-6207}, pages = {11}, year = {2010}, abstract = {The phenomenon of desiccation tolerance, also called anhydrobiosis, involves the ability of an organism to survive the loss of almost all cellular water without sustaining irreversible damage. Although there are several physiological, morphological and ecological studies on tardigrades, only limited DNA sequence information is available. Therefore, we explored the transcriptome in the active and anhydrobiotic state of the tardigrade Milnesium tardigradum which has extraordinary tolerance to desiccation and freezing. In this study, we present the first overview of the transcriptome of M. tardigradum and its response to desiccation and discuss potential parallels to stress responses in other organisms.}, language = {en} } @article{JanowskiGrossSauerGuerthetal.2016, author = {Janowski, Susann and Gross, Ina and Sauer-G{\"u}rth, Hedwig and Tietze, Dieter Thomas and Grohme, Markus and Frohme, Marcus and Becker, Peter and Wink, Michael}, title = {New Microsatellite Markers for the Common Tern (Sterna hirundo) Developed with 454 Shot-Gun Pyrosequencing}, series = {The Open Ornithology Journal}, volume = {9}, journal = {The Open Ornithology Journal}, issn = {1874-4532}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:526-opus4-6789}, pages = {50 -- 59}, year = {2016}, abstract = {Long term studies, focusing on population- and socio-biology research, require the unequivocal identification of individuals. DNA studies with Short Tandem Repeats (STR loci) became a widespread tool in population genetics. We used the next-generation sequencing (NGS) approach with 454 shot-gun pyrosequencing to identify 13 new polymorphic STR loci for the Common Tern, Sterna hirundo. To enlarge the marker set we added two more loci originally developed for Black-legged Kittiwake (Rissa tridactyla) and Red-billed Gull (Chroicocephalus scopulinus) and arranged these 15 loci into three multiplex PCR panels for high throughput genotyping. Loci characterization demonstrated that our marker set is of high quality. A PIC value of about 0.67 and a power of exclusion value of 0.99 were reached. Deviation from Hardy-Weinberg expectations of some loci and low frequencies for null alleles are interpreted as a result of inbreeding and founder effect in the investigated tern colony. We used a test data set of this well-studied breeding colony of Common Tern at Banter Lake, Wilhelmshaven, Germany, to perform a parentage test. Parent-chick relationships, known from the social pedigree of that colony, were compared with genetically calculated ones. In order to test our markers and the used parentage program COLONY, we conducted six competing data sets with varying completeness of included parental genotypes. By including fully sampled parent pairs of known family assignment, results were correct for nest mates, single parents and parent pairs. Our marker set provides a powerful tool to investigate life-time reproductive success and other issues of population and socio-biology for Common Terns, e.g. in the aforementioned colony monitored for decades.}, language = {en} } @article{NitscheKurthDunkhorstetal.2007, author = {Nitsche, Andreas and Kurth, Andreas and Dunkhorst, Anna and P{\"a}nke, Oliver and Sielaff, Hendrik and Junge, Wolfgang and Muth, Doreen and Scheller, Frieder W. and St{\"o}cklein, Walter and Dahmen, Claudia and Pauli, Georg and Kage, Andreas}, title = {One-step selection of Vaccinia virus-binding DNA aptamers by MonoLEX}, series = {BMC Biotechnology}, volume = {7}, journal = {BMC Biotechnology}, number = {48}, issn = {1472-6750}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:526-opus4-6246}, pages = {12}, year = {2007}, abstract = {As a new class of therapeutic and diagnostic reagents, more than fifteen years ago RNA and DNA aptamers were identified as binding molecules to numerous small compounds, proteins and rarely even to complete pathogen particles. Most aptamers were isolated from complex libraries of synthetic nucleic acids by a process termed SELEX based on several selection and amplification steps. Here we report the application of a new one-step selection method (MonoLEX) to acquire high-affinity DNA aptamers binding Vaccinia virus used as a model organism for complex target structures.}, language = {en} } @article{WangGrohmeMalietal.2014, author = {Wang, Chong and Grohme, Markus and Mali, Brahim and Schill, Ralph O. and Frohme, Marcus}, title = {Towards Decrypting Cryptobiosis—Analyzing Anhydrobiosis in the Tardigrade Milnesium tardigradum Using Transcriptome Sequencing}, series = {PLoS ONE}, volume = {9}, journal = {PLoS ONE}, number = {3}, issn = {1932-6203}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:526-opus4-6029}, pages = {15}, year = {2014}, abstract = {Many tardigrade species are capable of anhydrobiosis; however, mechanisms underlying their extreme desiccation resistance remain elusive. This study attempts to quantify the anhydrobiotic transcriptome of the limno-terrestrial tardigrade Milnesium tardigradum.}, language = {en} } @article{GrohmeMaliWełniczetal.2013, author = {Grohme, Markus and Mali, Brahim and Wełnicz, Weronika and Michel, Stephanie and Schill, Ralph O. and Frohme, Marcus}, title = {The Aquaporin Channel Repertoire of the Tardigrade Milnesium tardigradum}, series = {Bioinformatics and Biology Insights}, volume = {2013}, journal = {Bioinformatics and Biology Insights}, number = {7}, issn = {1177-9322}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:526-opus4-6092}, pages = {153 -- 165}, year = {2013}, abstract = {Limno-terrestrial tardigrades are small invertebrates that are subjected to periodic drought of their micro-environment. They have evolved to cope with these unfavorable conditions by anhydrobiosis, an ametabolic state of low cellular water. During drying and rehydration, tardigrades go through drastic changes in cellular water content. By our transcriptome sequencing effort of the limno-terrestrial tardigrade Milnesium tardigradum and by a combination of cloning and targeted sequence assembly, we identified transcripts encoding eleven putative aquaporins. Analysis of these sequences proposed 2 classical aquaporins, 8 aquaglyceroporins and a single potentially intracellular unorthodox aquaporin. Using quantitative real-time PCR we analyzed aquaporin transcript expression in the anhydrobiotic context. We have identified additional unorthodox aquaporins in various insect genomes and have identified a novel common conserved structural feature in these proteins. Analysis of the genomic organization of insect aquaporin genes revealed several conserved gene clusters.}, language = {en} } @article{BeisserGrohmeKopkaetal.2012, author = {Beisser, Daniela and Grohme, Markus and Kopka, Joachim and Frohme, Marcus and Schill, Ralph O. and Hengherr, Steffen and Dandekar, Thomas and Klau, Gunnar W. and Dittrich, Marcus and M{\"u}ller, Tobias}, title = {Integrated pathway modules using time-course metabolic profiles and EST data from Milnesium tardigradum}, series = {BMC Systems Biology}, volume = {6}, journal = {BMC Systems Biology}, number = {72}, issn = {1752-0509}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:526-opus4-6146}, pages = {13}, year = {2012}, abstract = {Tardigrades are multicellular organisms, resistant to extreme environmental changes such as heat, drought, radiation and freezing. They outlast these conditions in an inactive form (tun) to escape damage to cellular structures and cell death. Tardigrades are apparently able to prevent or repair such damage and are therefore a crucial model organism for stress tolerance. Cultures of the tardigrade Milnesium tardigradum were dehydrated by removing the surrounding water to induce tun formation. During this process and the subsequent rehydration, metabolites were measured in a time series by GC-MS. Additionally expressed sequence tags are available, especially libraries generated from the active and inactive state. The aim of this integrated analysis is to trace changes in tardigrade metabolism and identify pathways responsible for their extreme resistance against physical stress.}, language = {en} } @article{JanowskiGrohmeFrohmeetal.2014, author = {Janowski, Susann and Grohme, Markus and Frohme, Marcus and Wink, Michael}, title = {Development of New Microsatellite (STR) Markers for Montagu's Harrier (Circus pygargus) via 454 Shot-Gun Pyrosequencing}, series = {The Open Ornithology Journal}, volume = {7}, journal = {The Open Ornithology Journal}, issn = {1874-4532}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:526-opus4-5966}, pages = {11 -- 18}, year = {2014}, abstract = {During the last decades the ground-breeding Montagu's harrier ( Circus pygargus , Linnaeus, 1758) has changed its breeding habitats in Europe to agricultural areas in which many local populations would be close to extinction without a special nest protection regime. Although Montagu's harrier is a well-studied species in terms of ecology and breeding biology, its genetic structure and population genetics are almost unknown. As there is a lack of good genetic markers we developed a set of 19 microsatellite markers comprising 16 new STR markers which were identified by next-generation sequencing (NGS) using 454 shot-gun pyrosequencing of genomic DNA. The STR markers were arranged into three multiplex PCR sets for high throughput genotyping and characterised. The marker set provides a powerful tool for kinship analysis. The combined non-exclusion probability for parent pairs was 1.13* 10-11. Only three loci showed PIC values < 0.50. In total, 121 known family relationships were compared with genetically calculated ones to test the markers suitability for parentage analysis. In 97.5\% of all cases full-sibships were accurately determined and 97.6\% of all mothers were assigned correctly to their chicks. The present multiplex PCR panels can be used to investigate several hypotheses concerning breeding behaviour, kinship, exchange rates between populations and phylogeography.}, language = {en} } @article{PetrilloFabbriKagklietal.2021, author = {Petrillo, Mauro and Fabbri, Marco and Kagkli, Dafni Maria and Querci, Maddalena and Van den Eede, Guy and Alm, Erik and Aytan-Aktug, Derya and Capella-Gutierrez, Salvador and Carrillo, Catherine and Cestaro, Alessandro and Chan, Kok-Gan and Coque, Teresa and Endrullat, Christoph and Gut, Ivo and Hammer, Paul and Kay, Gemma L. and Madec, Jean-Yves and Mather, Alison E. and McHardy, Alice Carolyn and Naas, Thierry and Paracchini, Valentina and Peter, Silke and Pightling, Arthur and Raffael, Barbara and Rossen, John and Rupp{\´e}, Etienne and Schlaberg, Robert and Vanneste, Kevin and Weber, Lukas M. and Westh, Henrik and Angers-Loustau, Alexandre}, title = {A roadmap for the generation of benchmarking resources for antimicrobial resistance detection using next generation sequencing [version 1; peer review: 2 approved with reservations]}, series = {F1000Research}, journal = {F1000Research}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:526-opus4-15699}, year = {2021}, abstract = {Next Generation Sequencing technologies significantly impact the field of Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR) detection and monitoring, with immediate uses in diagnosis and risk assessment. For this application and in general, considerable challenges remain in demonstrating sufficient trust to act upon the meaningful information produced from raw data, partly because of the reliance on bioinformatics pipelines, which can produce different results and therefore lead to different interpretations. With the constant evolution of the field, it is difficult to identify, harmonise and recommend specific methods for large-scale implementations over time. In this article, we propose to address this challenge through establishing a transparent, performance-based, evaluation approach to provide flexibility in the bioinformatics tools of choice, while demonstrating proficiency in meeting common performance standards. The approach is two-fold: first, a community-driven effort to establish and maintain "live" (dynamic) benchmarking platforms to provide relevant performance metrics, based on different use-cases, that would evolve together with the AMR field; second, agreed and defined datasets to allow the pipelines' implementation, validation, and quality-control over time. Following previous discussions on the main challenges linked to this approach, we provide concrete recommendations and future steps, related to different aspects of the design of benchmarks, such as the selection and the characteristics of the datasets (quality, choice of pathogens and resistances, etc.), the evaluation criteria of the pipelines, and the way these resources should be deployed in the community.}, language = {en} } @article{EndrullatGloeklerFrankeetal.2016, author = {Endrullat, Christoph and Gl{\"o}kler, J{\"o}rn and Franke, Philipp and Frohme, Marcus}, title = {Standardization and quality management in next-generation sequencing}, series = {Applied \& Translational Genomics}, volume = {10}, journal = {Applied \& Translational Genomics}, issn = {2212-0661}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:526-opus4-6637}, pages = {2 -- 9}, year = {2016}, abstract = {DNA sequencing continues to evolve quickly even after > 30 years. Many new platforms suddenly appeared and former established systems have vanished in almost the same manner. Since establishment of next-generation sequencing devices, this progress gains momentum due to the continually growing demand for higher throughput, lower costs and better quality of data. In consequence of this rapid development, standardized procedures and data formats as well as comprehensive quality management considerations are still scarce. Here, we listed and summarized current standardization efforts and quality management initiatives from companies, organizations and societies in form of published studies and ongoing projects. These comprise on the one hand quality documentation issues like technical notes, accreditation checklists and guidelines for validation of sequencing workflows. On the other hand, general standard proposals and quality metrics are developed and applied to the sequencing workflow steps with the main focus on upstream processes. Finally, certain standard developments for downstream pipeline data handling, processing and storage are discussed in brief. These standardization approaches represent a first basis for continuing work in order to prospectively implement next-generation sequencing in important areas such as clinical diagnostics, where reliable results and fast processing is crucial. Additionally, these efforts will exert a decisive influence on traceability and reproducibility of sequence data.}, language = {en} } @article{MohrNowakowskiAltenburgetal.2020, author = {Mohr, Gunther and Nowakowski, Susanna and Altenburg, Simon J. and Maierhofer, Christiane and Hilgenberg, Kai}, title = {Experimental Determination of the Emissivity of Powder Layers and Bulk Material in Laser Powder Bed Fusion Using Infrared Thermography and Thermocouples}, series = {Metals}, volume = {10}, journal = {Metals}, number = {11}, publisher = {MDPI}, issn = {2075-4701}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:526-opus4-13564}, year = {2020}, abstract = {Recording the temperature distribution of the layer under construction during laser powder bed fusion (L-PBF) is of utmost interest for a deep process understanding as well as for quality assurance and in situ monitoring means. While having a notable number of thermal monitoring approaches in additive manufacturing (AM), attempts at temperature calibration and emissivity determination are relatively rare. This study aims for the experimental temperature adjustment of an off-axis infrared (IR) thermography setup used for in situ thermal data acquisition in L-PBF processes. The temperature adjustment was conducted by means of the so-called contact method using thermocouples at two different surface conditions and two different materials: AISI 316L L-PBF bulk surface, AISI 316L powder surface, and IN718 powder surface. The apparent emissivity values for the particular setup were determined. For the first time, also corrected, closer to real emissivity values of the bulk or powder surface condition are published. In the temperature region from approximately 150 °C to 580 °C, the corrected emissivity was determined in a range from 0.2 to 0.25 for a 316L L-PBF bulk surface, in a range from 0.37 to 0.45 for 316L powder layer, and in a range from 0.37 to 0.4 for IN718 powder layer.}, language = {en} } @article{RistićFurboMoseretal.2016, author = {Ristić, Alenka and Furbo, Simon and Moser, Christoph and Schranzhofer, Hermann and Lazaro, Ana and Delgado, Monica and Pe{\~n}alosa, Conchita and Zalewski, Laurent and Diarce, Gonzalo and Alkan, Cemil and Gunasekara, Saman N. and Haussmann, Thomas and Gschwander, Stefan and Rathgeber, Christoph and Schmit, Henri and Barreneche, Camila and Cabeza, Luiza and Ferrer, Gerard and Konuklu, Yeliz and Paksoy, Halime and Rammelberg, Holger and Munz, Gunther and Herzog, Thomas H. and J{\"a}nchen, Jochen and del Barrio, Elena Palomo}, title = {IEA SHC Task 42 / ECES Annex 29 WG A1: Engineering and Processing of PCMs, TCMs and Sorption Materials}, series = {Energy Procedia}, volume = {91}, journal = {Energy Procedia}, issn = {1876-6102}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:526-opus4-6629}, pages = {207 -- 217}, year = {2016}, abstract = {An overview on the recent results on the engineering and characterization of sorption materials, PCMs and TCMs investigated in the working group WG A1 "Engineering and processing of TES materials" of IEA SHC Task 42 / ECES Annex 29 (Task 4229) entitled "Compact Thermal Energy Storage" is presented.}, language = {en} } @article{GrebinykPrylutskaGrynyuketal.2018, author = {Grebinyk, Anna and Prylutska, Svitlana and Grynyuk, I. and Kolp, Benjamin and Hurmach, V. and Sliva, T. and Amirkhanov, Volodymyr and Trush, V. and Matyshevska, Olga and Slobodyanik, M. and Prylutskyy, Yuriy and Frohme, Marcus and Ritter, Uwe}, title = {C60 Fullerene Effects on Diphenyl-N-(trichloroacetyl)-amidophosphate Interaction with DNA In Silico and Its Cytotoxic Activity Against Human Leukemic Cell Line In Vitro}, series = {Nanoscale Research Letters}, volume = {2018}, journal = {Nanoscale Research Letters}, issn = {1556-276X}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:526-opus4-10515}, pages = {1 -- 9}, year = {2018}, abstract = {New representative of carbacylamidophosphates - diphenyl-N-(trichloroacetyl)-amidophosphate (HL), which contains two phenoxy substituents near the phosphoryl group, was synthesized, identified by elemental analysis and IR and NMR spectroscopy, and tested as a cytotoxic agent itself and in combination with C60 fullerene. According to molecular simulation results, C60 fullerene and HL could interact with DNA and form a rigid complex stabilized by stacking interactions of HL phenyl groups with C60 fullerene and DNA G nucleotide, as well as by interactions of HL CCl3 group by ion-π bonds with C60 molecule and by electrostatic bonds with DNA G nucleotide. With the use of MTT test, the cytotoxic activity of HL against human leukemic CCRF-CM cells with IC50 value detected at 10 μM concentration at 72 h of cells treatment was shown. Under combined action of 16 μM C60 fullerene and HL, the value of IC50 was detected at lower 5 μM HL concentration and at earlier 48 h period of incubation, besides the cytotoxic effect of HL was observed at a low 2.5 μM concentration at which HL by itself had no influence on cell viability. Binding of C60 fullerene and HL with minor DNA groove with formation of a stable complex is assumed to be one of the possible reasons of their synergistic inhibition of CCRF-CЕM cells proliferation. Application of C60 fullerene in combination with 2.5 μM HL was shown to have no harmful effect on structural stability of blood erythrocytes membrane. Thus, combined action of C60 fullerene and HL in a low concentration potentiated HL cytotoxic effect against human leukemic cells and was not followed by hemolytic effect.}, language = {en} } @article{HollmannFrohmeEndrullatetal.2020, author = {Hollmann, Susanne and Frohme, Marcus and Endrullat, Christoph and Kremer, Andreas and D'Elia, Domenica and Regierer, Babette and Nechyporenko, Alina}, title = {Ten simple rules on how to write a standard operating procedure}, series = {PLoS Computational Biology}, volume = {16}, journal = {PLoS Computational Biology}, number = {9}, issn = {1553-7358}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:526-opus4-13598}, pages = {e1008095}, year = {2020}, abstract = {Research publications and data nowadays should be publicly available on the internet and, theoretically, usable for everyone to develop further research, products, or services. The long-term accessibility of research data is, therefore, fundamental in the economy of the research production process. However, the availability of data is not sufficient by itself, but also their quality must be verifiable. Measures to ensure reuse and reproducibility need to include the entire research life cycle, from the experimental design to the generation of data, quality control, statistical analysis, interpretation, and validation of the results. Hence, high-quality records, particularly for providing a string of documents for the verifiable origin of data, are essential elements that can act as a certificate for potential users (customers). These records also improve the traceability and transparency of data and processes, therefore, improving the reliability of results. Standards for data acquisition, analysis, and documentation have been fostered in the last decade driven by grassroot initiatives of researchers and organizations such as the Research Data Alliance (RDA). Nevertheless, what is still largely missing in the life science academic research are agreed procedures for complex routine research workflows. Here, well-crafted documentation like standard operating procedures (SOPs) offer clear direction and instructions specifically designed to avoid deviations as an absolute necessity for reproducibility. Therefore, this paper provides a standardized workflow that explains step by step how to write an SOP to be used as a starting point for appropriate research documentation.}, language = {en} } @article{PrylutskaGrynyukGrebinyketal.2017, author = {Prylutska, Svitlana and Grynyuk, I. and Grebinyk, Anna and Hurmach, V. and Shatrava, Iu. and Sliva, T. and Amirkhanov, Volodymyr and Prylutskyy, Yuriy and Matyshevska, Olga and Slobodyanik, M. and Frohme, Marcus and Ritter, Uwe}, title = {Cytotoxic Effects of Dimorfolido-N-Trichloroacetylphosphorylamide and Dimorfolido-N-Benzoylphosphorylamide in Combination with C60 Fullerene on Leukemic Cells and Docking Study of Their Interaction with DNA}, series = {Nanoscale Research Letters}, volume = {12}, journal = {Nanoscale Research Letters}, number = {124}, issn = {1556-276X}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:526-opus4-9273}, year = {2017}, abstract = {Dimorfolido-N-trichloroacetylphosphorylamide (HL1) and dimorfolido-N-benzoylphosphorylamide (HL2) as representatives of carbacylamidophosphates were synthesized and identified by the methods of IR, 1H, and 31P NMR spectroscopy. In vitro HL1 and HL2 at 1 mM concentration caused cell specific and time-dependent decrease of leukemic cell viability. Compounds caused the similar gradual decrease of Jurkat cells viability at 72 h (by 35\%). HL1 had earlier and more profound toxic effect as compared to HL2 regardless on leukemic cell line. Viability of Molt-16 and CCRF-CEM cells under the action of HL1 was decreased at 24 h (by 32 and 45\%, respectively) with no substantial further reducing up to 72 h. Toxic effect of HL2 was detected only at 72 h of incubation of Jurkat and Molt-16 cells (cell viability was decreased by 40 and 45\%, respectively). It was shown that C60 fullerene enhanced the toxic effect of HL2 on leukemic cells. Viability of Jurkat and CCRF-CEM cells at combined action of C60 fullerene and HL2 was decreased at 72 h (by 20 and 24\%, respectively) in comparison with the effect of HL2 taken separately. In silico study showed that HL1 and HL2 can interact with DNA and form complexes with DNA both separately and in combination with C60 fullerene. More stable complexes are formed when DNA interacts with HL1 or C60 + HL2 structure. Strong stacking interactions can be formed between HL2 and C60 fullerene. Differences in the types of identified bonds and ways of binding can determine distinction in cytotoxic effects of studied compounds.}, language = {en} } @article{AkhoundiKuhlsCannetetal.2016, author = {Akhoundi, Mohammad and Kuhls, Katrin and Cannet, Arnaud and Vot{\´y}pka, Jan and Marty, Pierre and Delaunay, Pascal and Sereno, Denis}, title = {A Historical Overview of the Classification, Evolution, and Dispersion of Leishmania Parasites and Sandflies}, series = {PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases}, volume = {10}, journal = {PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases}, number = {3}, issn = {1935-2735}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:526-opus4-5853}, pages = {40}, year = {2016}, abstract = {The aim of this study is to describe the major evolutionary historical events among Leishmania, sandflies, and the associated animal reservoirs in detail, in accordance with the geographical evolution of the Earth, which has not been previously discussed on a large scale.}, language = {en} } @article{AmroAlDwibeGashoutetal.2017, author = {Amro, Ahmad and Al-Dwibe, Hamida and Gashout, Aisha and Moskalenko, Olga and Galafin, Marlena and Hamarsheh, Omar and Frohme, Marcus and Jaeschke, Anja and Sch{\"o}nian, Gabriele and Kuhls, Katrin}, title = {Spatiotemporal and molecular epidemiology of cutaneous leishmaniasis in Libya}, series = {PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases}, volume = {11}, journal = {PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases}, number = {9}, issn = {1935-2735}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:526-opus4-10054}, year = {2017}, abstract = {Cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) is a skin infection caused by a single-celled parasite that is transmitted by the bite of a phlebotomine sandfly. CL is the most common form of leishmaniasis characterized by localized lesions in the skin and mucous membranes. The disease is prevalent in all countries around the Mediterranean Basin. In this paper, we describe spatiotemporal and eco-epidemiological parameters of CL in Libya. Moreover, we explored current spatiotemporal distributions of CL cases and explored the future projection of the disease. Our study indicates the presence of higher risk of CL in the coastal regions of Libya. Future projection until 2060 showed a trend of increasing incidence of CL in the north-western part of Libya, a spread along the coastal region and a possible emergence of new endemics in the north-eastern districts of Libya. These scenarios should be considered by health authorities in order to develop appropriate intervention strategies and plan effective control programs.}, language = {en} } @article{KuhlsMoskalenkoSukiasyanetal.2021, author = {Kuhls, Katrin and Moskalenko, Olga and Sukiasyan, Anna and Manukyan, Dezdemonia and Melik-Andreasyan, Gayane and Atshemyan, Liana and Apresyan, Hripsime and Strelkova, Margarita V. and Jaeschke, Anja and Wieland, Ralf and Frohme, Marcus and Cortes, Sofia and Keshishyan, Ara}, title = {Microsatellite based molecular epidemiology of Leishmania infantum from re-emerging foci of visceral leishmaniasis in Armenia and pilot risk assessment by ecological niche modeling}, series = {PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases}, volume = {15}, journal = {PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases}, number = {4}, publisher = {Public Library of Science (PLoS)}, issn = {1935-2735}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:526-opus4-14004}, pages = {e0009288}, year = {2021}, abstract = {Leishmaniasis is a vector-borne disease caused by protozoan parasites of the genus Leishmania. In Armenia visceral leishmaniasis (VL) is re-emerging since 1999 after a long break of 30 years, with 167 cases recorded until 2019. Molecular diagnosis of VL was implemented only in 2016, and the causative agent was identified as L. infantum. In the present study we expanded the investigation of the causative agent to a characterization at strain level and the identification of its phylogenetic position among the L. infantum genotypes circulating worldwide. This is the first study addressing genetic diversity and population structure of L. infantum in Armenia and in Transcaucasia. Armenia is an extremely interesting region due to its bio-geographic specificities e.g. the high number of different climates in this small mountainous country and the observed high diversity of sand fly species, part of which occurring in very high altitudes. Ecological niche modeling based on registered VL cases and sand fly vectors collected in active VL foci revealed that the risk of further spread of VL is very high due to climate change. Studies of this region should be expanded to enable targeted control measures.}, language = {en} } @article{AmroMoskalenkoHamarshehetal.2022, author = {Amro, Ahmad and Moskalenko, Olga and Hamarsheh, Omar and Frohme, Marcus}, title = {Spatiotemporal analysis of cutaneous leishmaniasis in Palestine and foresight study by projections modelling until 2060 based on climate change prediction}, series = {PLoS ONE}, volume = {17}, journal = {PLoS ONE}, number = {6}, publisher = {Public Library of Science (PLoS)}, issn = {1932-6203}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:526-opus4-16166}, year = {2022}, abstract = {Background Cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) is a vector-borne parasitic diseases of public health importance that is prevalent in the West Bank but not in the Gaza Strip. The disease caused by parasitic protozoans from the genus Leishmania and it is transmitted by infected phlebotomine sand flies. The aim of our study is to investigate the eco-epidemiological parameters and spatiotemporal projections of CL in Palestine over a 30-years period from 1990 through 2020 and to explore future projections until 2060. Methodology/Principal findings This long-term descriptive epidemiological study includes investigation of demographic characteristics of reported patients by the Palestinian Ministry of Health (PMoH). Moreover, we explored spatiotemporal distribution of CL including future projection based on climate change scenarios. The number of CL patients reported during this period was 5855 cases, and the average annual incidence rate (AAIR) was 18.5 cases/105 population. The male to female ratio was 1.25:1. Patients-age ranged from 2 months to 89 years (mean = 22.5, std 18.67, and the median was 18 years). More than 65\% of the cases came from three governates in the West Bank; Jenin 29\% (1617 cases), Jericho 25\% (1403), and Tubas 12\% (658) with no cases reported in the Gaza Strip. Seasonal occurrence of CL starts to increase in December and peaked during March and April of the following year. Current distribution of CL indicate that Jericho, Tubas, Jenin and Nablus have the most suitable climatic settings for the sandfly vectors. Future projections until 2060 suggest an increasing incidence from northwest of Jenin down to the southwest of Ramallah, disappearance of the foci in Jericho and Tubas throughout the Jordan Vally, and possible emergence of new foci in Gaza Strip. Conclusions/Significance The future projection of CL in Palestine until 2060 show a tendency of increasing incidence in the north western parts of the West Bank, disappearance from Jericho and Tubas throughout the Jordan Vally, and emergence of new CL endemic foci in the Gaza Strip. These results should be considered to implement effective control and surveillance systems to counteract spatial expansion of CL vectors.}, language = {en} } @article{MarcosZambranoLopezMolinaBakirGungoretal.2023, author = {Marcos-Zambrano, Laura Judith and L{\´o}pez-Molina, V{\´i}ctor Manuel and Bakir-Gungor, Burcu and Frohme, Marcus and Karaduzovic-Hadziabdic, Kanita and Klammsteiner, Thomas and Ibrahimi, Eliana and Lahti, Leo and Loncar-Turukalo, Tatjana and Dhamo, Xhilda and Simeon, Andrea and Nechyporenko, Alina and Pio, Gianvito and Przymus, Piotr and Sampri, Alexia and Trajkovik, Vladimir and Lacruz-Pleguezuelos, Blanca and Aasmets, Oliver and Araujo, Ricardo and Anagnostopoulos, Ioannis and Aydemir, {\"O}nder and Berland, Magali and Calle, M. Luz and Ceci, Michelangelo and Duman, Hatice and G{\"u}ndoğdu, Aycan and Havulinna, Aki S. and Kaka Bra, Kardokh Hama Najib and Kalluci, Eglantina and Karav, Sercan and Lode, Daniel and Lopes, Marta B. and May, Patrick and Nap, Bram and Nedyalkova, Miroslava and Paci{\^e}ncia, In{\^e}s and Pasic, Lejla and Pujolassos, Meritxell and Shigdel, Rajesh and Sus{\´i}n, Antonio and Thiele, Ines and Truică, Ciprian-Octavian and Wilmes, Paul and Yilmaz, Ercument and Yousef, Malik and Claesson, Marcus Joakim and Truu, Jaak and Carrillo de Santa Pau, Enrique}, title = {A toolbox of machine learning software to support microbiome analysis}, series = {Frontiers in Microbiology}, volume = {14}, journal = {Frontiers in Microbiology}, publisher = {Frontiers}, issn = {1664-302X}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:526-opus4-18271}, year = {2023}, abstract = {The human microbiome has become an area of intense research due to its potential impact on human health. However, the analysis and interpretation of this data have proven to be challenging due to its complexity and high dimensionality. Machine learning (ML) algorithms can process vast amounts of data to uncover informative patterns and relationships within the data, even with limited prior knowledge. Therefore, there has been a rapid growth in the development of software specifically designed for the analysis and interpretation of microbiome data using ML techniques. These software incorporate a wide range of ML algorithms for clustering, classification, regression, or feature selection, to identify microbial patterns and relationships within the data and generate predictive models. This rapid development with a constant need for new developments and integration of new features require efforts into compile, catalog and classify these tools to create infrastructures and services with easy, transparent, and trustable standards. Here we review the state-of-the-art for ML tools applied in human microbiome studies, performed as part of the COST Action ML4Microbiome activities. This scoping review focuses on ML based software and framework resources currently available for the analysis of microbiome data in humans. The aim is to support microbiologists and biomedical scientists to go deeper into specialized resources that integrate ML techniques and facilitate future benchmarking to create standards for the analysis of microbiome data. The software resources are organized based on the type of analysis they were developed for and the ML techniques they implement. A description of each software with examples of usage is provided including comments about pitfalls and lacks in the usage of software based on ML methods in relation to microbiome data that need to be considered by developers and users. This review represents an extensive compilation to date, offering valuable insights and guidance for researchers interested in leveraging ML approaches for microbiome analysis.}, language = {en} } @article{HaklayFraislGreshakeTzovarasetal.2021, author = {Haklay, Muki and Fraisl, Dilek and Greshake Tzovaras, Bastian and Hecker, Susanne and Gold, Margaret and Hager, Gerid and Ceccaroni, Luigi and Kieslinger, Barbara and Wehn, Uta and Woods, Sasha and Nold, Christian and Bal{\´a}zs, B{\´a}lint and Mazzonetto, Marzia and R{\"u}fenacht, Simone and Shanley, Lea A. and Wagenknecht, Katherin and Motion, Alice and Sforzi, Andrea and Riemenschneider, Dorte and Dorler, Daniel and Heigl, Florian and Schaefer, Teresa and Lindner, Ariel and Weißpflug, Maike and Mačiulienė, Monika and Vohland, Katrin}, title = {Contours of citizen science: a vignette study}, series = {Royal Society Open Science}, volume = {8}, journal = {Royal Society Open Science}, number = {8}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:526-opus4-14781}, year = {2021}, abstract = {Citizen science has expanded rapidly over the past decades. Yet, defining citizen science and its boundaries remained a challenge, and this is reflected in the literature—for example in the proliferation of typologies and definitions. There is a need for identifying areas of agreement and disagreement within the citizen science practitioners community on what should be considered as citizen science activity. This paper describes the development and results of a survey that examined this issue, through the use of vignettes—short case descriptions that describe an activity, while asking the respondents to rate the activity on a scale from 'not citizen science' (0\%) to 'citizen science' (100\%). The survey included 50 vignettes, of which five were developed as clear cases of not-citizen science activities, five as widely accepted citizen science activities and the others addressing 10 factors and 61 sub-factors that can lead to controversy about an activity. The survey has attracted 333 respondents, who provided over 5100 ratings. The analysis demonstrates the plurality of understanding of what citizen science is and calls for an open understanding of what activities are included in the field.}, language = {en} } @article{BoettcherHooglandDitsetal.2015, author = {B{\"o}ttcher, Ren{\´e} and Hoogland, A. Marije and Dits, Natasja and Verhoef, Esther and Kweldam, Charlotte and Waranecki, Piotr and Bangma, Chris H. and van Leenders, Geert J.L.H. and Jenster, Guido}, title = {Novel long non-coding RNAs are specific diagnostic and prognostic markers for prostate cancer}, series = {Oncotarget}, volume = {6}, journal = {Oncotarget}, number = {6}, issn = {1949-2553}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:526-opus4-6329}, pages = {4036 -- 4050}, year = {2015}, abstract = {Current prostate cancer (PCa) biomarkers such as PSA are not optimal in distinguishing cancer from benign prostate diseases and predicting disease outcome. To discover additional biomarkers, we investigated PCa-specific expression of novel unannotated transcripts. Using the unique probe design of Affymetrix Human Exon Arrays, we identified 334 candidates (EPCATs), of which 15 were validated by RT-PCR. Combined into a diagnostic panel, 11 EPCATs classified 80\% of PCa samples correctly, while maintaining 100\% specificity. High specificity was confirmed by in situ hybridization for EPCAT4R966 and EPCAT2F176 (SChLAP1) on extensive tissue microarrays. Besides being diagnostic, EPCAT2F176 and EPCAT4R966 showed significant association with pT-stage and were present in PIN lesions. We also found EPCAT2F176 and EPCAT2R709 to be associated with development of metastases and PCa-related death, and EPCAT2F176 to be enriched in lymph node metastases. Functional significance of expression of 9 EPCATs was investigated by siRNA transfection, revealing that knockdown of 5 different EPCATs impaired growth of LNCaP and 22RV1 PCa cells. Only the minority of EPCATs appear to be controlled by androgen receptor or ERG. Although the underlying transcriptional regulation is not fully understood, the novel PCa-associated transcripts are new diagnostic and prognostic markers with functional relevance to prostate cancer growth.}, language = {en} } @article{SmekhovaSzyjkaLaTorreetal.2024, author = {Smekhova, Alevtina and Szyjka, Thomas and La Torre, Enrico and Ollefs, Katharina and Eggert, Benedikt and Coester, Birte and Wilhelm, Fabrice and Bali, Rantej and Lindner, J{\"u}rgen and Rogalev, Andrei and T{\"o}bbens, Daniel Maria and Weschke, Eugen and Luo, Chen and Chen, Kai and Radu, Florin and Schmitz-Antoniak, Carolin and Wende, Heiko}, title = {Irradiation-induced enhancement of Fe and Al magnetic polarizations in Fe60Al40 films}, series = {New Journal of Physics}, volume = {26}, journal = {New Journal of Physics}, publisher = {Institute of Physics Publishing (IOP)}, issn = {1367-2630}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:526-opus4-18381}, year = {2024}, abstract = {The rise of Fe magnetic moment, changes in Al electronic structure and a variation of Al magnetic polarization in thin films of transition metal aluminide Fe60Al40 have been probed through the order-disorder phase transition by soft X-ray absorption spectroscopy and X-ray resonant magnetic reflectivity in the extreme ultraviolet regime. In a course of the transition induced by 20 keV Ne+ irradiation with low fluences (1014 ions·cm-2), X-ray magnetic circular dichroism spectra taken at the Fe L2,3 absorption edges at room and low temperatures revealed a pronounced increase of Fe 3d states spin-polarization. X-ray resonant magnetic reflectivity applied to the Al L2,3 and Fe M2,3 edges allowed to detect the magnetic polarization of Al atoms in the films. The changes in Al electronic structure have been seen by alteration of Al K edge X-ray absorption near edge structure. A difference in anisotropy fields for films before and after irradiation has been observed by element-specific hysteresis loops recorded at low temperatures in absorption and reflection geometries at the Fe L2,3 and M2,3 edges, respectively. An attempt to reduce the top oxide layer by an inductively coupled hydrogen plasma has shown a possibility to recover the chemically ordered phase.}, language = {en} } @article{KagelBierFrohmeetal.2019, author = {Kagel, Heike and Bier, Frank Fabian and Frohme, Marcus and Gl{\"o}kler, J{\"o}rn}, title = {A Novel Optical Method To Reversibly Control Enzymatic Activity Based On Photoacids}, series = {Scientific Reports}, volume = {9}, journal = {Scientific Reports}, issn = {2045-2322}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:526-opus4-12685}, year = {2019}, abstract = {Most biochemical reactions depend on the pH value of the aqueous environment and some are strongly favoured to occur in an acidic environment. A non-invasive control of pH to tightly regulate such reactions with defined start and end points is a highly desirable feature in certain applications, but has proven difficult to achieve so far. We report a novel optical approach to reversibly control a typical biochemical reaction by changing the pH and using acid phosphatase as a model enzyme. The reversible photoacid G-acid functions as a proton donor, changing the pH rapidly and reversibly by using high power UV LEDs as an illumination source in our experimental setup. The reaction can be tightly controlled by simply switching the light on and off and should be applicable to a wide range of other enzymatic reactions, thus enabling miniaturization and parallelization through non-invasive optical means.}, language = {en} } @article{KagelJacobsBieretal.2019, author = {Kagel, Heike and Jacobs, Hannes and Bier, Frank Fabian and Gl{\"o}kler, J{\"o}rn and Frohme, Marcus}, title = {A Novel Microtiter Plate Format High Power Open Source LED Array}, series = {Photonics}, volume = {6}, journal = {Photonics}, number = {1}, issn = {2304-6732}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:526-opus4-11307}, year = {2019}, abstract = {Many photochemical or photobiological applications require the use of high power ultraviolet light sources, such as high-pressure mercury arc lamps. In addition, many photo-induced chemical, biochemical and biological applications require either a combinatorial setting or a parallel assay of multiple samples under the same environmental conditions to ensure reproducibility. To achieve this, alternative, controllable light sources, such as ultraviolet light emitting diodes (UV LEDs) with high power and spatial control are required. Preferably, LEDs are arranged in a suitable standardized 96-well microtiter plate format. We designed such an array and established the methods required for heat management and enabling stable, controllable illumination over time.}, language = {en} } @article{KnihaDvořakHaladaetal.2020, author = {Kniha, Edwin and Dvoř{\´a}k, V{\´i}t and Halada, Petr and Milchram, Markus and Obwaller, Adelheid G. and Kuhls, Katrin and Schlegel, Susanne and K{\"o}hsler, Martina and Poeppl, Wolfgang and Bakran-Lebl, Karin and Fuehrer, Hans-Peter and Volfov{\´a}, Věra and Mooseder, Gerhard and Ivovic, Vladimir and Volf, Petr and Walochnik, Julia}, title = {Integrative Approach to Phlebotomus mascittii Grassi, 1908: First Record in Vienna with New Morphological and Molecular Insights}, series = {Pathogens}, volume = {9}, journal = {Pathogens}, number = {12}, publisher = {MDPI}, issn = {2076-0817}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:526-opus4-13600}, year = {2020}, abstract = {Sand flies (Diptera: Psychodidae: Phlebotominae) are blood-feeding insects that transmit the protozoan parasites Leishmania spp. and various arthropod-borne (arbo) viruses. While in Mediterranean parts of Europe the sand fly fauna is diverse, in Central European countries including Austria mainly Phlebotomus mascittii is found, an assumed but unproven vector of Leishmania infantum. To update the currently understudied sand fly distribution in Austria, a sand fly survey was performed and other entomological catches were screened for sand flies. Seven new trapping locations of Ph. mascittii are reported including the first record in Vienna, representing also one of the first findings of this species in a city. Morphological identification, supported by fluorescence microscopy, was confirmed by two molecular approaches, including sequencing and matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) protein profiling. Sand fly occurrence and activity were evaluated based on surveyed locations, habitat requirements and climatic parameters. Moreover, a first comparison of European Ph. mascittii populations was made by two marker genes, cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (COI), and cytochrome b (cytb), as well as MALDI-TOF mass spectra. Our study provides new important records of Ph. mascittii in Austria and valuable data for prospective entomological surveys. MALDI-TOF MS protein profiling was shown to be a reliable tool for differentiation between sand fly species. Rising temperatures and globalization demand for regular entomological surveys to monitor changes in species distribution and composition. This is also important with respect to the possible vector competence of Ph. mascittii.}, language = {en} } @article{DemskiSeidlitzKukeetal.2025, author = {Demski, Nils Maximilian and Seidlitz, Holger and Kuke, Felix and Dorn, Oliver Niklas and Zoglauer, Janina and H{\"u}ckstaedt, Tobias and Kamm, Paul Hans and Garc{\´i}a-Moreno, Francisco and Kremp, Noah and Dreyer, Christian and Oberschmidt, Dirk}, title = {Flow-Line-Reducing Tetrahedral Metal Effect Pigments for Injection Molding: A Yield-Rate-Improved Particle Manufacturing Method Based on Soft UVImprint Lithography}, series = {Polymers}, volume = {17}, journal = {Polymers}, number = {19}, publisher = {MDPI}, issn = {2073-4360}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:526-opus4-20850}, year = {2025}, abstract = {This publication presents an improved manufacturing method for tetrahedral metal effect pigment particles that demonstrates reduced flowlines in injection-molded polymer components compared with conventional platelet-shaped pigment particles. The previously published cold forming process for tetrahedral particles, made entirely from aluminum, faced manufacturing challenges, resulting in a high reject rate due to particle adhesion to the micro-structured mold roller. In contrast, this study introduces a new manufacturing method for tetrahedral particles, now consisting of metallized UV-cured thermoset polymer. These particles, dispersed in amorphous matrix thermoplastics, have shown to maintain their shape during the injection molding process. The manufacturing technique for these novel particles is based on UV imprint lithography, omitting the reject rates compared with the previously presented cold rolling process of tetrahedral full aluminum particles. Thus, the novel manufacturing technique for tetrahedral pigment particles shows increased potential for automation through roll-to-roll manufacturing in the future.}, language = {en} } @article{BaleelaLlewellynFitzpatricketal.2014, author = {Baleela, Rania and Llewellyn, Martin S. and Fitzpatrick, Sinead and Kuhls, Katrin and Sch{\"o}nian, Gabriele and Miles, Michael A. and Mauricio, Isabel L.}, title = {Leishmania donovani populations in Eastern Sudan: temporal structuring and a link between human and canine transmission}, series = {Parasites \& Vectors}, volume = {7}, journal = {Parasites \& Vectors}, number = {496}, issn = {1756-3305}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:526-opus4-5921}, pages = {9}, year = {2014}, abstract = {Visceral leishmaniasis (VL), caused by the members of the Leishmania donovani complex, has been responsible for devastating VL epidemics in the Sudan. Multilocus microsatellite and sequence typing studies can provide valuable insights into the molecular epidemiology of leishmaniasis, when applied at local scales. Here we present population genetic data for a large panel of strains and clones collected in endemic Sudan between 1993 and 2001.}, language = {en} } @article{TanneKracherDietzeletal.2014, author = {Tanne, Johannes and Kracher, Daniel and Dietzel, Birgit and Schulz, Burkhard and Ludwig, Roland and Lisdat, Fred and Scheller, Frieder W. and Bier, Frank Fabian}, title = {Carboxylated or Aminated Polyaniline—Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes Nanohybrids for Immobilization of Cellobiose Dehydrogenase on Gold Electrodes}, series = {Biosensors}, volume = {4}, journal = {Biosensors}, number = {4}, issn = {2079-6374}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:526-opus4-5826}, pages = {370 -- 386}, year = {2014}, abstract = {Polymer-multiwalled carbon nanotube (MWCNT) nanohybrids, which differ in surface charge have been synthesized to study the bioelectrocatalysis of adsorbed cellobiose dehydrogenase (CDH) from Phanerochaete sordida on gold electrodes. To obtain negatively charged nanohybrids, poly(3-amino-4-methoxybenzoic acid-co-aniline) (P(AMB-A)) was covalently linked to the surface of MWCNTs while modification with p-phenylenediamine (PDA) converted the COOH-groups to positively charged amino groups. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) measurements verified the p-phenylenediamine (PDA) modification of the polymer-CNT nanohybrids. The positively charged nanohybrid MWCNT-P(AMB-A)-PDA promoted direct electron transfer (DET) of CDH to the electrode and bioelectrocatalysis of lactose was observed. Amperometric measurements gave an electrochemical response with KMapp = 8.89 mM and a current density of 410 nA/cm2 (15 mM lactose). The catalytic response was tested at pH 3.5 and 4.5. Interference by ascorbic acid was not observed. The study proves that DET between the MWCNT-P(AMB-A)-PDA nanohybrids and CDH is efficient and allows the sensorial detection of lactose.}, language = {en} } @article{FischbachLohBieretal.2017, author = {Fischbach, Jens and Loh, Qiuting and Bier, Frank Fabian and Lim, Theam Soon and Frohme, Marcus and Gl{\"o}kler, J{\"o}rn}, title = {Alizarin Red S for Online Pyrophosphate Detection Identified by a Rapid Screening Method}, series = {Scientific Reports}, volume = {7}, journal = {Scientific Reports}, issn = {2045-2322}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:526-opus4-9248}, year = {2017}, abstract = {We identified Alizarin Red S and other well known fluorescent dyes useful for the online detection of pyrophosphate in enzymatic assays, including the loop mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assays. An iterative screening was used for a selected set of compounds to first secure enzyme compatibility, evaluate inorganic pyrophosphate sensitivity in the presence of manganese as quencher and optimize conditions for an online detection. Of the selected dyes, the inexpensive alizarin red S was found to selectively detect pyrophosphate under LAMP and PCR conditions and is superior with respect to its defined red-shifted spectrum, long shelf life and low toxicity. In addition, the newly identified properties may also be useful in other enzymatic assays which do not generate nucleic acids but are based on inorganic pyrophosphate. Finally, we propose that our screening method may provide a blueprint for rapid screening of compounds for detecting inorganic pyrophosphate.}, language = {en} } @article{RievajStopkaVrabeletal.2016, author = {Rievaj, Vladimir and Stopka, Ondrej and Vrabel, Jan and Mokrickova, Lenka and Schmidt, Conrad}, title = {The Impact of Air Resistance on the Fuel Consumption in Real Conditions within the Transport Operation}, series = {Communications - Scientific Letters of the University of Zilina}, volume = {18}, journal = {Communications - Scientific Letters of the University of Zilina}, number = {2}, publisher = {University of Žilina}, address = {Žilina}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:526-opus4-21159}, pages = {57 -- 61}, year = {2016}, abstract = {This paper presents the impact of air resistance (air resistance) on fuel consumption of the particular vehicle under real traffic conditions. In the introductory and subsequent part of the paper, the individual resistances influencing the moving vehicle are characterized. In the following chapter, the specific factors such as air resistance, driving speed, air temperature and air resistance coefficient in the context of their impact on fuel consumption of the particular vehicle are identified and described; as well as the comparisons of fuel consumption when the vehicle is moving on the highway with closed and open windows under different conditions of road traffic are performed.}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{Neumann2025, author = {Neumann, Gaby}, title = {From human experts to AI agents: Agentic AI for knowledge-intense problem-solving in logistics?}, series = {Proceedings of the 26th European Conference on Knowledge Management : VOL 1}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 26th European Conference on Knowledge Management : VOL 1}, publisher = {Academic Conferences and Publishing International}, address = {Reading}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:526-opus4-21223}, pages = {719 -- 727}, year = {2025}, abstract = {Logistics planning is a complex and complicated problem solving process requiring a wide range of knowledge and competence. A planning person or team represents a particular set of knowledge, skills, experience and personal attitudes. His, her or their level of competence decides about success or failure of the planning and about the quality of its results. With this, logistics planning is knowledge-based and knowledge-creating. Because of this, Knowledge Management can provide tremendous support to the planning person. Even though, there is a wide variety of (software) tools applicable to solve specific sub-problems throughout the planning process, human expertise is the key to develop creative planning solutions so far. Latest developments with regard to Artificial Intelligence (AI) might change this picture. AI is one of the most promising technological advancements, but also one of the most ambivalently discussed topics these days. It has surpassed humans at a number of tasks already and continues in doing so at new tasks in an increasing rate. Because of this, AI is capable to assist humans in many different ways. The latest boost of development moved AI application from those sophisticated communicators or task-oriented AI to intelligent agents or agentic AI allowing for autonomous, goal-driven decision-making. Hybrid approaches combine those advanced AI capabilities with human oversight, offering context-aware adaptability without full autonomy. In this way, artificial intelligence and human intelligence join forces in teams, for example, to solve complex problems creatively. Against this background, the paper analyses agentic AI with regard to its potential to support creative problem solving in a knowledge-intense field like logistics planning. Will AI agents become co-workers in logistics planning teams or can agentic AI design logistics solutions autonomously? With this, the paper focusses on chances and challenges coming with the highly dynamic evolution of AI within a complex, knowledge-intense application area where human experience, problem-solving capability and creativity is decisive. It contributes to discussions about necessary adjustments in how organizations manage their knowledge considering artificial and human intelligence.}, language = {en} } @article{PopaSchmidt2013, author = {Popa, Mihaela and Schmidt, Conrad}, title = {On the Rail-Based Freight Corridor Between CE and SEE Regions and the Main Obstacles on Romanian Territory}, series = {Transport Problems}, volume = {8}, journal = {Transport Problems}, number = {1}, publisher = {Silesian University of Technology}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:526-opus4-21193}, pages = {47 -- 56}, year = {2013}, abstract = {The project "Freight and Logistics Advancement in Central/South-East Europe - Validation of trade and transport processes, Implementation of improvement actions, Application of co-coordinated structures" (in short - FLAVIA) is carried out under the Central Europe - Cooperation for Success Programme, cofunded by the European Regional Development Fund. One of the main objectives of FLAVIA project is to consolidate a logistic corridor from Central Europe (CE) to the South-East Europe (SEE) and the Black Sea Region, based on rail and inland waterways intermodal transport. In this paper we discuss the partial outputs of FLAVIA project, mainly related to the identified actual status of rail-based intermodal transport and trade obstacles of the freight flows on the Romanian territory and the used methodology. Several operational and long-term measures to improve the trade and intermodal transport are listed, considering the advantages of the geo-strategic potential of Romania location, connected with the several improvement directions already considered into the new released intermodal strategy.}, language = {en} } @article{VrabelStopkaRievajetal.2016, author = {Vrabel, Jan and Stopka, Ondrej and Rievaj, Vladimir and Sarkan, Branislav and Pruskova, Kristyna and Michalk, Philip}, title = {Measuring the Resistance of Tires for Passenger Vehicle against the Rolling and Sliding on Loading Area of the Flatbed Truck when Providing the Transport Services}, series = {Communications - Scientific Letters of the University of Zilina}, volume = {18}, journal = {Communications - Scientific Letters of the University of Zilina}, number = {2}, publisher = {University of Žilina}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:526-opus4-21168}, pages = {124 -- 128}, year = {2016}, abstract = {This paper deals with the size of the forces affecting the vehicle during the transportation on a flatbed truck, railway wagon or container. It is necessary to secure the vehicle against these forces properly in order to prevent vehicles replacement. The laboratory measurements were performed in order to find out the size of coefficient of friction between the tire and the vehicles loading area. During the measurements, vehicle had different gears in order to determine to what extent the size of mechanical resistances affects the fixing and securing the vehicle against its replacement on the loading area. However, this paper does not propose the solution for securing the passenger vehicle on the loading area of a truck, railway wagon or container.}, language = {en} } @article{KubanovaSchmidt2016, author = {Kubanova, Jaroslava and Schmidt, Conrad}, title = {Multimodal and Intermodal Transportation Systems}, series = {Communications - Scientific Letters of the University of Zilina}, volume = {18}, journal = {Communications - Scientific Letters of the University of Zilina}, number = {2}, publisher = {University of Žilina}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:526-opus4-21177}, pages = {104 -- 108}, year = {2016}, abstract = {The aim of this paper is to provide information on the general characterization of multimodal transport, intermodal and combined transport. There is also mentioned the distribution of basic transport processes and types of transhipment. Finally, this paper describes the practical examples of multimodal transport.}, language = {en} } @article{LizbetinVejsCahaetal.2016, author = {Lizbetin, Jan and Vejs, Petr and Caha, Zdenek and Lizbetinova, Lenka and Michalk, Philip}, title = {The Possibilities of Dynamic Shipment Weighing in Rail Freight Transport}, series = {Communications - Scientific Letters of the University of Zilina}, volume = {18}, journal = {Communications - Scientific Letters of the University of Zilina}, number = {2}, publisher = {University of Žilina}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:526-opus4-21186}, pages = {113 -- 117}, year = {2016}, abstract = {This article deals with an analysis of the methods of the dynamic weighing of rail vehicles. The measurement of axle load (both static and dynamic) is one of the current standard processes within the technical specifications for interoperability (TSI).}, language = {en} } @article{LehnertLiebchenSchiefelbuschetal.2026, author = {Lehnert, Martin and Liebchen, Christian and Schiefelbusch, Martin and Bruder, Peter and Harmann, Dennis}, title = {Insights into Ridepooling efficiency: A case study analysis using a novel operational performance measure framework}, series = {Journal of Urban Mobility}, volume = {9}, journal = {Journal of Urban Mobility}, publisher = {Elsevier}, issn = {2667-0917}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:526-opus4-20971}, year = {2026}, abstract = {The efficiency of demand responsive transport (DRT) services, such as ridepooling, has garnered significant attention across various (simulation) studies. However, a deeper look into the metrics employed to assess system performance exposes notable discrepancies in their utilization. Notably, certain indicators, such as the pooling rate, demonstrate a susceptibility to manipulation based on input parameters, potentially skewing results to give a more favorable impression of service performance. In this paper, we show that, under such circumstances, achieving a fair comparison between study outcomes and with traditional (public) transport modes becomes challenging. In light of these challenges, this study introduces a novel operational performance indicator: Operational System Efficiency (OSE). OSE is tailored to evaluate the operational efficiency of ridepooling systems in a holistic way. In particular, it combines important operational indicators such as detour factor and empty kilometers share, which are considered in numerous analyses. Hereby, OSE is fostering a more equitable assessment of service performance. We applied this methodology and calculated the indicators provided in other studies to two real-world trip datasets from ridepooling services in Berlin and M{\"u}nster, Germany, and compared the results. Distinct disparities emerge in comparison with conventional efficiency indicators. Consequently, the proposed OSE holds promise for stakeholders, including service providers, public transport companies, and regulatory authorities, as a valuable tool for determining the suitability of a ridepooling service for a given locale relative to other transport modalities, while also providing a transparent assessment of its efficiency.}, language = {en} } @article{HerkenhoffBroedelFrohme2024, author = {Herkenhoff, Marcos Edgar and Br{\"o}del, Oliver and Frohme, Marcus}, title = {Hops across Continents: Exploring How Terroir Transforms the Aromatic Profiles of Five Hop (Humulus lupulus) Varieties Grown in Their Countries of Origin and in Brazil}, series = {Plants}, volume = {13}, journal = {Plants}, number = {19}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:526-opus4-19470}, year = {2024}, abstract = {Humulus lupulus, or hops, is a vital ingredient in brewing, contributing bitterness, flavor, and aroma. The female plants produce strobiles rich in essential oils and acids, along with bioactive compounds like polyphenols, humulene, and myrcene, which offer health benefits. This study examined the aromatic profiles of five hop varieties grown in Brazil versus their countries of origin. Fifty grams of pelletized hops from each strain were collected and analyzed using HS-SPME/GC-MS to identify volatile compounds, followed by statistical analysis with PLS-DA and ANOVA. The study identified 330 volatile compounds and found significant aromatic differences among hops from different regions. For instance, H. Mittelfr{\"u}her grown in Brazil has a fruity and herbaceous profile, while the German-grown variety is more herbal and spicy. Similar variations were noted in the Magnum, Nugget, Saaz, and Sorachi Ace varieties. The findings underscore the impact of terroir on hop aromatic profiles, with Brazilian-grown hops displaying distinct profiles compared to their counterparts from their countries of origin, including variations in aromatic notes and α-acid content.}, language = {en} } @article{HerkenhoffBroedelDilarrietal.2026, author = {Herkenhoff, Marcos Edgar and Br{\"o}del, Oliver and Dilarri, Guilherme and Bajay, Miklos Maximiliano and Frohme, Marcus and Costamilan, Carlos Andr{\´e} da Veiga Lima Rosa}, title = {Characterization of Volatile Compounds in Amarillo, Ariana, Cascade, Centennial, and El Dorado Hops Using HS-SPME/GC-MS}, series = {Compounds}, volume = {6}, journal = {Compounds}, number = {1}, publisher = {MDPI}, issn = {2673-6918}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:526-opus4-21029}, year = {2026}, abstract = {Humulus lupulus L. (hops) is essential in brewing due to its contributions to bitterness, flavor, and aroma. This study compared the volatile profiles of five commercially important hop varieties—Amarillo, Ariana, Cascade, Centennial, and El Dorado—grown in their main regions of origin (United States for Amarillo, Cascade, and El Dorado; Germany for Ariana; and Brazil for Centennial). Headspace solid-phase microextraction coupled with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (HS-SPME/GC-MS) enabled the identification of 312 volatile compounds, including monoterpenes (e.g., myrcene, linalool, geraniol), sesquiterpenes (e.g., humulene, caryophyllene), esters, alcohols, aldehydes, and ketones. Amarillo showed the highest myrcene content (22.61\% of the total volatile area), while Centennial was distinguished by elevated γ-muurolene (20.59\%), and El Dorado by the highest level of undecan-2-one (10.47\%), highlighting marked varietal differences in key aroma-active constituents. Multivariate, including principal component analysis (PCA) and partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA), clearly discriminated the five varieties: PC1 (41.04\% of the variance) separated samples enriched in fruity/floral monoterpenes and esters from those dominated by woody/resinous sesquiterpenes, whereas PC2 (25.93\% of the variance) reflected variation in medium-chain esters, ketones, and waxy compounds. These chemometric patterns demonstrate that both genetic background and growing region terroir strongly shape hop volatile composition and, consequently, aroma potential, providing brewers with objective criteria for selecting hop varieties to achieve specific sensory profiles in beer.}, language = {en} } @article{KsianzouVillringerGrytsenkoetal.2025, author = {Ksianzou, Viachaslau and Villringer, Claus and Grytsenko, Kostyantyn and Pekur, Demyd and Lytvyn, Peter and Sopinskyy, Mykola and Lebedyeva, Iryna and Niemczyk, Agata and Baranowska, Jolanta}, title = {Structural and Optical Anomalies in Thin Films Grown in a Magnetic Field by Electron-Assisted Vacuum Deposition of PTFE}, series = {Macromolecular Materials and Engineering}, volume = {310}, journal = {Macromolecular Materials and Engineering}, number = {3}, publisher = {Wiley}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:526-opus4-19712}, year = {2025}, abstract = {Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) films are deposited in parallel and perpendicular magnetic fields (MF) by electron-enhanced vacuum deposition (EVD) and EVD + low-temperature plasma (LTP) methods. The structure, morphology, and nanomechanical properties of the films are studied by infrared spectroscopy (IRS), atomic force microscopy (AFM), and spectroscopic ellipsometry. The structure of the thicker films is closer to that of bulk PTFE than that of thin films. The films' crystallinity and surface roughness are higher than those deposited without MF. The birefringence of the refractive index (n) of the films deposited in the MF is inverse to the anisotropy of the n of the films deposited without MF. The hardness of the films is close to that of bulk PTFE.}, language = {en} } @article{SishodiaBenLtaiefScheeletal.2026, author = {Sishodia, Keshav and Ben Ltaief, Ltaief and Scheel, Niklas and F{\"o}ldes, Istv{\´a}n B. and Roos, Andreas Hult and Albrecht, Martin and Staněk, Maty{\´a}š and Jurkovičov{\´a}, Lucie and Hort, Ondrej and Nejdl, Jaroslav and Garc{\´i}a-Alfonso, Ernesto and Halberstadt, Nadine and Andreasson, Jakob and Klimešov{\´a}, Eva and Krikunova, Maria and Krishnan, Sivarama and Heidenreich, Andreas and Mudrich, Marcel}, title = {XUV fluorescence as a probe of interatomic coulombic decay of resonantly excited He nanodroplets}, series = {Scientific Reports}, volume = {16}, journal = {Scientific Reports}, number = {1}, publisher = {Springer Nature}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:526-opus4-21050}, year = {2026}, abstract = {Superfluid He nanodroplets resonantly excited by extreme ultraviolet (XUV) pulses can relax via interatomic coulombic decay (ICD), generally considered an ultrafast process. Here, we introduce a novel approach to probe the dynamics of ICD in He nanodroplets over timescales ranging from femtoseconds to nanoseconds. Our method relies on detecting XUV fluorescence emitted from the nanodroplets as they are driven into a nanoplasma by subsequent intense infrared pulses. Nanoplasma ignition is facilitated by tunnel ionization of XUV-excited He∗ atoms attached to the droplets; it thus serves as a sensitive probe of their relaxation dynamics. The observed nanosecond-scale decay is attributed to ICD between pairs of He∗ atoms undergoing roaming motion on the droplet surface, as supported by quantum-mechanical and classical model calculations.}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{GrossKuhlStephanetal.2023, author = {Gross, Matthias and Kuhl, Thorsten and Stephan, Frank and Li, Xiangkun and Philipp, Sebastian and Grebinyk, Anna and Khachatryan, Vitali and Qian, Houjun and Aboulbanine, Zakaria and Amirkhanyan, Zohrab and Riemer, Felix and Oppelt, Anne and Krasilnikov, Mikhail}, title = {A beam line setup for flash radiation therapy with focused electron beams at the Pitz facility at DESY in Zeuthen: basic concept and dosimetry simulations}, series = {IPAC'23 : 14th International Particle Accelerator Conference, 7-12 May 2023, Venice, Italy : proceedings}, booktitle = {IPAC'23 : 14th International Particle Accelerator Conference, 7-12 May 2023, Venice, Italy : proceedings}, editor = {Istituto Nazionale Di Fisca Nucleare,}, publisher = {JACoW Publishing}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:526-opus4-21132}, pages = {5000 -- 5003}, year = {2023}, abstract = {The aim of this work is to demonstrate the principal possibility to enhance the electron beam dose deposition in the depth of the sample for radiation therapy purposes. Trains of electron bunches of 22 MeV generated at PITZ are focused inside the sample using a dedicated fast deflector and a solenoid magnet. To explore the capabilities of the proposed setup, dose distributions are calculated for multiple electron bunches focused in a single point inside a water phantom. Electron beam focusing produces dose peaks with a tunable maximal dose depth which is interesting for healthy tissue sparing at the surface and enhancing treatment quality. The duration of the full bunch train is 1 ms. During this time interval, the FLASH effect could be efficiently triggered inside the irradiated target volume. Monte Carlo simulations based on the FLUKA code were performed to evaluate the depth dose curves distributions in a water phantom. Using the PITZ electron beam parameters, simulations have shown the possibility to produce a peak dose in water seven times higher than compared to the dose at the surface. Moreover, the RMS size homogeneous area around the maximal dose is approximately 25 mm.}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{KrasilnikovAboulbanineAdhikarietal.2023, author = {Krasilnikov, Mikhail and Aboulbanine, Zakaria and Adhikari, Gowri and Aftab, Namra and Asoyan, Aida and Davtyan, Hakob and Georgiev, Georgi and Good, James and Grebinyk, Anna and Gross, Matthias and Hoffmann, Andreas and Kongmon, Ekkachai and Li, Xiangkun and Lueangaramwong, Anusorn and Melkumyan, David and Mohanty, Sandeep and Niemczyk, Raffael and Oppelt, Anne and Qian, Houjun and Richard, Christopher and Schneidmiller, Evgeny and Stephan, Frank and Vashchenko, Grygorii}, title = {THz SASE FEL at PITZ: lasing at a wavelength of 100μm}, series = {IPAC'23 : 14th International Particle Accelerator Conference, 7-12 May 2023, Venice, Italy : proceedings}, booktitle = {IPAC'23 : 14th International Particle Accelerator Conference, 7-12 May 2023, Venice, Italy : proceedings}, editor = {Istituto Nazionale Di Fisca Nucleare,}, publisher = {JACoW Publishing}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:526-opus4-21113}, pages = {3948 -- 3951}, year = {2023}, abstract = {Development of an accelerator-based tunable THz source prototype for pump-probe experiments at the European XFEL is ongoing at the Photo Injector Test facility at DESY in Zeuthen (PITZ). The proof-of-principle experiments on the THz SASE FEL are performed utilizing the LCLS-I undulator installed in the PITZ beamline. The first lasing at a center wavelength of 100 µm was observed in the summer of 2022. The lasing of the narrowband THz source was achieved using an electron beam with an energy of ~17 MeV and a bunch charge up to several nC. Optimization of beam transport and matching resulted in the measurement of THz radiation with a pulse energy of tens of µJ, measured with pyroelectric detectors. The THz FEL gain curves were measured by means of specially designed short coils along the undulator. The results of the first characterization of the THz source at PITZ will be presented.}, language = {en} } @article{SpeckVeronaReiffStephanetal.2026, author = {Speck, Sandy and Verona, Claudio and Reiff-Stephan, J{\"o}rg and B{\"o}hme, Andrea and Foitzik, Andreas}, title = {Development of a Realistic Brain Phantom for Medical Education: An Ethical and Technical Alternative to Animal Testing}, series = {Key Engineering Materials}, volume = {1038}, journal = {Key Engineering Materials}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:526-opus4-21070}, pages = {67 -- 72}, year = {2026}, abstract = {This study presents the development of a realistic brain phantom as a humane, practical alternative to animal use in medical training, in line with the 3R principles and Directive 2010/63/EU. The phantom is designed to support ultrasound-based education for diagnostic and interventional procedures while improving patient safety through controlled, repeatable practice. High‑resolution CT data were converted to CAD models and additively manufactured as moulds; a gelatin‑based soft‑tissue matrix with glycerin and potassium sorbate provides elasticity and durability. Functional features include fluid‑fillable ventricular structures enabling drainage and puncture simulations, and an integrated high‑density tumour insert to model advanced scenarios. Ultrasound evaluation demonstrated clear echogenic differentiation between tumour, ventricles, and surrounding tissue, confirming the model's imaging fidelity and suitability for hands‑on training. The phantom proved cost‑efficient and reusable, facilitating standardised teaching of complex procedures without ethical approval barriers. A limitation is the material's gradual mechanical instability under repeated probe contact, motivating investigations into synthetic or hybrid matrices to enhance longevity and reuse. Overall, the brain phantom constitutes an ethical, technically robust, and resource‑efficient training tool that addresses critical needs in healthcare quality and safety by reducing avoidable errors through simulation‑based competence development.}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{GrossHoffmannGeorgievetal.2023, author = {Gross, Matthias and Hoffmann, Andreas and Georgiev, Georgi and Kuhl, Thorsten and Li, Xiangkun and Oppelt, Anne and Boonpornprasert, Prach and Philipp, Sebastian and Grebinyk, Anna and Vashchenko, Grygorii and Aftab, Namra and Adhikari, Gowri and Richard, Christopher and Stephan, Frank and Khachatryan, Vitali and Riemer, Felix and Krasilnikov, Mikhail and Amirkhanyan, Zohrab}, title = {Comparison of measurements and simulation results of dose for the FLASH radiation therapy beamline at PITZ}, series = {IPAC'23 : 14th International Particle Accelerator Conference, 7-12 May 2023, Venice, Italy : proceedings}, booktitle = {IPAC'23 : 14th International Particle Accelerator Conference, 7-12 May 2023, Venice, Italy : proceedings}, editor = {Istituto Nazionale Di Fisca Nucleare,}, publisher = {JACoW Publishing}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:526-opus4-21126}, pages = {4996 -- 4999}, year = {2023}, abstract = {The high-brightness electron beam at the Photo Injector Test facility at DESY in Zeuthen (PITZ) is now also used for FLASHlab@PITZ: an R\&D platform for studying radiation biology and the FLASH effect in radiation therapy. The available parameter space of the electron beam with a momentum of 22 MeV/c allows bunch charges from 10 pC up to 5nC, bunch durations of 0.1-60ps, and bunch train lengths up to 1 ms. The number of bunches in the single train can currently be varied between 1 and 1000 bunches, with an upgrade to 4500 foreseen in 2023. Radiation biology studies require accurate dose prediction, therefore Monte Carlo simulations based on the FLUKA code were performed. According to estimations, dose delivery of 0.002 Gy (low charge case 0.1pC) and 10Gy (high charge case 5nC) is possible, if the beam is confined to a circular area with a radius of 5 mm with a lead collimator. For the Monte Carlo simulations, the experimental setup was accurately modeled, including the exit window, lead collimator, etc. Dose measurements were used to compare simulations with experiments. Dose profiles were experimentally measured with Gafchromic films and then compared with Monte Carlo simulations. The first experiments at FLASHlab@PITZ in 2023 have demonstrated flexible dose options for studying the FLASH effect and radiation biology studies.}, language = {en} } @article{RoggeZinnProspositoetal.2017, author = {Rogge, Christian and Zinn, Steffen and Prosposito, Paolo and Francini, Roberto and Foitzik, Andreas}, title = {Transmitted light pH optode for small sample volumes}, series = {Journal of Sensors and Sensor Systems}, volume = {6}, journal = {Journal of Sensors and Sensor Systems}, number = {2}, issn = {2194-878X}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:526-opus4-10093}, pages = {351 -- 359}, year = {2017}, abstract = {An innovative concept of a low-cost pH optode with working volumes of less than 150 µL is presented. The pH monitoring is based on the color changing effect of pH indicators. The optode includes an RGB color sensor patch TCS34725 from Adafruit, a controllable LED and reactor slides and is addressed by a self-written LabVIEW© software. Utilizing the hue value of the HSV color model, it is possible to analyze the color change of the indicator and estimate the pH value of the analyzed samples by exploiting sigmoidal fit models. Measurements carried out with phenol red and DMEM (Dulbecco's Modified Eagle's Medium) reported a standard error of calibration in the physiologic pH range (6.5-7.5) of ±0.04 pH units.}, language = {en} } @article{KrausBoehmeRinati2026, author = {Kraus, Mirjam and B{\"o}hme, Andrea and Rinati, Gianluca Verona}, title = {Verification of a Novel Mathematical Model for Determination of the Biomass Specific Growth Rate in Bioprocesses Using Relative Change in Biomass Measurements}, series = {Defect and Diffusion Forum}, volume = {446}, journal = {Defect and Diffusion Forum}, publisher = {Trans Tech Publications}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:526-opus4-21081}, pages = {57 -- 62}, year = {2026}, abstract = {This study presents a new mathematical model for determining the specific growth rate of biomass in biotechnological production processes, which aims to optimize the production of biotechnological products such as the advanced material polyhydroxyalkanoates. The specific growth rate is classified by the FDA as a critical process parameter that affects product quality and quantity, but is difficult for laboratory personnel to determine. Therefore, a simple and robust method for real-time monitoring and control is crucial. According to the current state of the art, the established Luedeking-Piret model for determining the specific growth rate requires the determination of the biomass as an absolute value to initialize the model and to determine two further model parameters. However, determining the biomass is time-consuming and error-prone. The new relative model replaces this value with the relative change in biomass, which can be easily recorded using standard laboratory methods such as optical density measurement. This eliminates the need for time-consuming and resource-intensive preliminary work. Despite this simplification, simulation tests have shown that the new model delivers identical results to the established model. It represents an independent, precise alternative and offers advantages in terms of handling. The results underline the model's potential to make bioprocesses more sustainable and efficient. Especially in research, material consumption, laboratory time and costs can be reduced compared to the established model. Future experiments will further investigate the performance of the new approach compared to the established model.}, language = {en} } @article{RoedenbeckHerold2026, author = {Roedenbeck, Marc and Herold, Marcel}, title = {Personality Profiles in Online Job Advertisements: Applying a Weighted Closed Vocabulary Approach to Identify Generic Profiles and Clusters}, series = {SAGE Open}, volume = {16}, journal = {SAGE Open}, number = {1}, publisher = {Sage}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:526-opus4-21282}, year = {2026}, abstract = {On the background of the supplementary applicant-job fit theory, this study tests the application of a weighted closed vocabulary approach as introduced by Ostendorf on a large corpus of online job advertisements (OJA). Therefore, a large dataset of online job advertisements (OJAs) was scraped from a German job portal (N = 151k), and a sample (n = 3,239) was selected based upon Porter's Value Chain and corresponding job functions. The dataset was pre-processed with techniques of natural language processing, and the predefined words extracted from the OJAs were weighted with the average subject matter expert rating, as offered in the vocabulary of Ostendorf. The results reveal that, first, 0 to 12 words describing personality are used across OJAs, second, that HR, sales, and finance positions show values higher than sample mean (3.22), third, that HR positions show loadings across all dimensions of personality above the sample means (extroversion: 2.32, agreeableness: 3.98, conscientiousness: 4.28, emotional stability: 3.54, openness: 2.0) followed by sales. The job profiles being significantly parallel on equal levels are HR clerk and referee, as well as IT, R\&D, and procurement. While conscientiousness is reported to be an important predictor of performance, our study showed only low to average importance in OJAs.}, language = {en} } @article{ShamsSchmitzSmekhovaetal.2021, author = {Shams, S. Fatemeh and Schmitz, Detlef and Smekhova, Alevtina and Ghazanfari, Mohammad Reza and Giesen, Margret and Weschke, Eugen and Chen, Kai and Luo, Chen and Radu, Florin and Schmitz-Antoniak, Carolin}, title = {Element-specific contributions to improved magnetic heating of theranostic CoFe2O4 nanoparticles decorated with Pd}, series = {Scientific Reports}, volume = {11}, journal = {Scientific Reports}, issn = {2045-2322}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:526-opus4-14756}, year = {2021}, abstract = {Decoration with Pd clusters increases the magnetic heating ability of cobalt ferrite (CFO) nanoparticles by a factor of two. The origin of this previous finding is unraveled by element-specific X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) and magnetic circular dichroism (XMCD) combined with atomic multiplet simulations and density functional theory (DFT) calculations. While the comparison of XAS spectra with atomic multiplet simulations show that the inversion degree is not affected by Pd decoration and, thus, can be excluded as a reason for the improved heating performance, XMCD reveals two interrelated responsible sources: significantly larger Fe and Co magnetic moments verify an increased total magnetization which enhances the magnetic heating ability. This is accompanied by a remarkable change in the field-dependent magnetization particularly for Co ions which exhibit an increased low-field susceptibility and a reduced spin canting behavior in higher magnetic fields. Using DFT calculations, these findings are explained by reduced superexchange between ions on octahedral lattice sites via oxygen in close vicinity of Pd, which reinforces the dominating antiparallel superexchange interaction between ions on octahedral and tetrahedral lattice sites and thus reduces spin canting. The influence of the delocalized nature of Pd 4d electrons on the neighboring ions is discussed and the conclusions are illustrated with spin density isosurfaces of the involved ions. The presented results pave the way to design nanohybrids with tailored electronic structure and magnetic properties.}, language = {en} } @article{KalishettyhalliMahadevaiahPerezLiskeretal.2022, author = {Kalishettyhalli Mahadevaiah, Mamathamba and P{\´e}rez, Eduardo and Lisker, Marco and Schubert, Markus Andreas and Perez-Bosch Quesada, Emilio and Wenger, Christian and Mai, Andreas}, title = {Modulating the Filamentary-Based Resistive Switching Properties of HfO₂ Memristive Devices by Adding Al₂O₃ Layers}, series = {Electronics}, volume = {11}, journal = {Electronics}, number = {10}, address = {MDPI}, issn = {2079-9292}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:526-opus4-16172}, year = {2022}, abstract = {The resistive switching properties of HfO₂ based 1T-1R memristive devices are electrically modified by adding ultra-thin layers of Al₂O₃ into the memristive device. Three different types of memristive stacks are fabricated in the 130 nm CMOS technology of IHP. The switching properties of the memristive devices are discussed with respect to forming voltages, low resistance state and high resistance state characteristics and their variabilities. The experimental I-V characteristics of set and reset operations are evaluated by using the quantum point contact model. The properties of the conduction filament in the on and off states of the memristive devices are discussed with respect to the model parameters obtained from the QPC fit.}, language = {en} } @article{HooglandBoettcherVerhoefetal.2016, author = {Hoogland, A. Marije and B{\"o}ttcher, Ren{\´e} and Verhoef, Esther and Jenster, Guido and van Leenders, Geert J.L.H.}, title = {Gene-expression analysis of gleason grade 3 tumor glands embedded in low- and high-risk prostate cancer}, series = {Oncotarget}, volume = {7}, journal = {Oncotarget}, number = {25}, issn = {1949-2553}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:526-opus4-6573}, pages = {37846 -- 37856}, year = {2016}, abstract = {The Gleason score (GS) of prostate cancer on diagnostic biopsies is an important parameter for therapeutic decision-making. Biopsy GS under-estimates the actual GS at radical prostatectomy in a significant number of patients due to samplingartifact. The aim of this study was to identify markers that are differentially expressed in Gleason grade 3 (GG3) tumor glands embedded in GS 4 + 3 = 7 and GS 3 + 3 = 6 prostate cancer using laser capture microdissection and RNA sequencing. GG3 tumor glands embedded in nine GS 3 + 3 = 6 and nine GS 4 + 3 = 7 prostate cancers were isolated by laser capture microdissection of frozen radical prostatectomy specimens. After RNA amplification and RNA sequencing, differentially expressed genes in both GG3 components were identified by a 2log fold change > 1.0 and p-value < 0.05. We applied immunohistochemistry on a tissue micro-array representing 481 radical prostatectomy samples for further validation on protein level. A total of 501 genes were up-regulated and 421 down-regulated in GG3 glands embedded in GS 4 + 3 = 7 as compared to GS 3 + 3 = 6 prostate cancer. We selected HELLS, ZIC2 and ZIC5 genes for further validation. ZIC5 mRNA was up-regulated 17 fold (p = 8.4E-07), ZIC2 8 fold (p = 1.3E-05) and HELLS 2 fold (p = 0.006) in GG3 glands derived from GS 4 + 3 = 7. HELLS expression of ≥ 1\% occurred in 10\% GS < 7, 17\% GS 7 and 43\% GS >7 prostate cancer (p < 0.001). Using a cut-off of ≥ 1\%, protein expression of ZIC5 was present in 28\% GS < 7, 43\% GS 7 and 57\% GS > 7 cancer (p < 0.001). ZIC2 was neither associated with GS nor outcome in our validation set. HELLS was independently predictive for biochemical-recurrence after radical prostatectomy (HR 2.3; CI 1.5-3.6; p < 0.01). In conclusion, HELLS and ZIC5 might be promising candidate markers for selection of biopsy GS 6 prostate cancer being at risk for up-grading at prostatectomy.}, language = {en} } @article{GrebinykPrylutskaBuchelnikovetal.2019, author = {Grebinyk, Anna and Prylutska, Svitlana and Buchelnikov, Anatoliy and Tverdokhleb, Nina and Grebinyk, Sergii and Evstigneev, Maxim and Matyshevska, Olga and Cherepanov, Vsevolod and Prylutskyy, Yuriy and Yashchuk, Valeriy and Naumovets, Anton and Ritter, Uwe and Dandekar, Thomas and Frohme, Marcus}, title = {C60 Fullerene as an Effective Nanoplatform of Alkaloid Berberine Delivery into Leukemic Cells}, series = {Pharmaceutics}, volume = {11}, journal = {Pharmaceutics}, number = {11}, publisher = {MDPI}, issn = {1999-4923}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:526-opus4-12932}, year = {2019}, abstract = {A herbal alkaloid Berberine (Ber), used for centuries in Ayurvedic, Chinese, Middle-Eastern, and native American folk medicines, is nowadays proved to function as a safe anticancer agent. Yet, its poor water solubility, stability, and bioavailability hinder clinical application. In this study, we have explored a nanosized carbon nanoparticle—C60 fullerene (C60)—for optimized Ber delivery into leukemic cells. Water dispersions of noncovalent C60-Ber nanocomplexes in the 1:2, 1:1, and 2:1 molar ratios were prepared. UV-Vis spectroscopy, dynamic light scattering (DLS), and atomic force microscopy (AFM) evidenced a complexation of the Ber cation with the negatively charged C60 molecule. The computer simulation showed that π-stacking dominates in Ber and C60 binding in an aqueous solution. Complexation with C60 was found to promote Ber intracellular uptake. By increasing C60 concentration, the C60-Ber nanocomplexes exhibited higher antiproliferative potential towards CCRF-CEM cells, in accordance with the following order: free Ber < 1:2 < 1:1 < 2:1 (the most toxic). The activation of caspase 3/7 and accumulation in the sub-G1 phase of CCRF-CEM cells treated with C60-Ber nanocomplexes evidenced apoptosis induction. Thus, this study indicates that the fast and easy noncovalent complexation of alkaloid Ber with C60 improved its in vitro efficiency against cancer cells.}, language = {en} } @article{KoeberleinBankRothetal.2022, author = {K{\"o}berlein, Jana and Bank, Lukas and Roth, Stefan and K{\"o}se, Ekrem and Kuhlmann, Timm and Prell, Bastian and Stange, Maximilian and M{\"u}nnich, Marc and Flum, Dominik and Moog, Daniel and Ihlenfeldt, Steffen and Sauer, Alexander and Weigold, Matthias and Schilp, Johannes}, title = {Simulation Modeling for Energy-Flexible Manufacturing: Pitfalls and How to Avoid Them}, series = {Energies}, volume = {15}, journal = {Energies}, number = {10}, publisher = {MDPI}, issn = {1996-1073}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:526-opus4-16152}, year = {2022}, abstract = {Due to the high share of industry in total electricity consumption, industrial demand-side management can make a relevant contribution to the stability of power systems. At the same time, companies get the opportunity to reduce their electricity procurement costs by taking advantage of increasingly fluctuating prices on short-term electricity markets, the provision of system services on balancing power markets, or by increasing the share of their own consumption from on-site generated renewable energy. Demand-side management requires the ability to react flexibly to the power supply situation without negatively affecting production targets. It also means that the management and operation of production must consider not only production-related parameters but also parameters of energy availability, which further increase the complexity of decision-making. Although simulation studies are a recognized tool for supporting decision-making processes in production and logistics, the simultaneous simulation of material and energy flows has so far been limited mainly to issues of energy efficiency as opposed to energy flexibility, where application-oriented experience is still limited. We assume that the consideration of energy flexibility in the simulation of manufacturing systems will amplify already known pitfalls in conducting simulation studies. Based on five representative industrial use cases, this article provides practitioners with application-oriented experiences of the coupling of energy and material flows in simulation modeling of energy-flexible manufacturing, identifies challenges in the simulation of energy-flexible production systems, and proposes approaches to face these challenges. Seven pitfalls that pose a particular challenge in simulating energy-flexible manufacturing have been identified, and possible solutions and measures for avoiding them are shown. It has been found that, among other things, consistent management of all parties involved, early clarification of energy-related, logistical, and resulting technical requirements for models and software, as well as the application of suitable methods for validation and verification are central to avoiding these pitfalls. The identification and characterization of challenges and the derivation of recommendations for coping with them can raise awareness of typical pitfalls. This paper thus helps to ensure that simulation studies of energy-flexible production systems can be carried out more efficiently in the future.}, language = {en} } @article{KoelschRadonGolubetal.2020, author = {K{\"o}lsch, Adrian and Radon, C. and Golub, M. and Baumert, A. and B{\"u}rger, J{\"o}rg and Mielke, Thorsten and Lisdat, Fred and Feoktystov, Artem and Pieper, J{\"o}rg and Zouni, Athina and Wendler, Petra}, title = {Current limits of structural biology: The transient interaction between cytochrome c6 and photosystem I}, series = {Current Research in Structural Biology}, volume = {2}, journal = {Current Research in Structural Biology}, issn = {2665-928X}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:526-opus4-13628}, pages = {171 -- 179}, year = {2020}, abstract = {Trimeric photosystem I from the cyanobacterium Thermosynechococcus elongatus (TePSI) is an intrinsic membrane protein, which converts solar energy into electrical energy by oxidizing the soluble redox mediator cytochrome c6 (Cyt c6) and reducing ferredoxin. Here, we use cryo-electron microscopy and small angle neutron scattering (SANS) to characterize the transient binding of Cyt c6 to TePSI. The structure of TePSI cross-linked to Cyt c6 was solved at a resolution of 2.9 {\AA} and shows additional cofactors as well as side chain density for 84\% of the peptide chain of subunit PsaK, revealing a hydrophobic, membrane intrinsic loop that enables binding of associated proteins. Due to the poor binding specificity, Cyt c6 could not be localized with certainty in our cryo-EM analysis. SANS measurements confirm that Cyt c6 does not bind to TePSI at protein concentrations comparable to those for cross-linking. However, SANS data indicate a complex formation between TePSI and the non-native mitochondrial cytochrome from horse heart (Cyt cHH). Our study pinpoints the difficulty of identifying very small binding partners (less than 5\% of the overall size) in EM structures when binding affinities are poor. We relate our results to well resolved co-structures with known binding affinities and recommend confirmatory methods for complexes with KM values higher than 20 μM.}, language = {en} } @article{DevulapallyBuergerMielkeetal.2018, author = {Devulapally, Praneeth Reddy and B{\"u}rger, J{\"o}rg and Mielke, Thorsten and Konthur, Zolt{\´a}n and Lehrach, Hans and Yaspo, Marie-Laure and Gl{\"o}kler, J{\"o}rn and Warnatz, Hans-J{\"o}rg}, title = {Simple paired heavy- and light-chain antibody repertoire sequencing using endoplasmic reticulum microsomes}, series = {Genome Medicine}, volume = {10}, journal = {Genome Medicine}, issn = {1756-994X}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:526-opus4-10538}, pages = {1 -- 12}, year = {2018}, abstract = {Existing methods for paired antibody heavy- and light-chain repertoire sequencing rely on specialized equipment and are limited by their commercial availability and high costs. Here, we report a novel simple and cost-effective emulsion-based single-cell paired antibody repertoire sequencing method that employs only basic laboratory equipment. We performed a proof-of-concept using mixed mouse hybridoma cells and we also showed that our method can be used for discovery of novel antigen-specific monoclonal antibodies by sequencing human CD19+ B cell IgM and IgG repertoires isolated from peripheral whole blood before and seven days after Td (Tetanus toxoid/Diphtheria toxoid) booster immunization. We anticipate broad applicability of our method for providing insights into adaptive immune responses associated with various diseases, vaccinations, and cancer immunotherapies.}, language = {en} } @article{BaumannPohleZhangetal.2021, author = {Baumann, Elisabeth and Pohle, Ulrike and Zhang, Edward and Allen, Thomas and Villringer, Claus and Pulwer, Silvio and Gerhardt, Holger and Laufer, Jan}, title = {A backward-mode optical-resolution photoacoustic microscope for 3D imaging using a planar Fabry-P{\´e}rot sensor}, series = {Photoacoustics}, volume = {24}, journal = {Photoacoustics}, publisher = {Elsevier}, issn = {2213-5979}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:526-opus4-14701}, pages = {100293}, year = {2021}, abstract = {Optical-resolution photoacoustic microscopy (OR-PAM) combines high spatial resolution and strong absorption-based contrast in tissue, which has enabled structural and spectroscopic imaging of endogenous chromophores, primarily hemoglobin. Conventional piezoelectric ultrasound transducers are typically placed far away from the photoacoustic source due to their opacity, which reduces acoustic sensitivity. Optical ultrasound sensors are an alternative as their transparency allows them to be positioned close to the sample with minimal source-detector distances. In this work, a backward-mode OR-PAM system based on a planar Fabry-P{\´e}rot ultrasound sensor and coaxially aligned excitation and interrogation beams was developed. Two 3D imaging modes, using raster-scanning for enhanced image quality and continuous-scanning for fast imaging, were implemented and tested on a leaf skeleton phantom. In fast imaging mode, a scan-rate of 100,000 A-lines/s was achieved. 3D images of a zebrafish embryo were acquired in vivo in raster-scanning mode. The transparency of the FP sensor in the visible and near-infrared wavelength region makes it suitable for combined functional and molecular imaging applications using OR-PAM and multi-photon fluorescence microscopy.}, language = {en} } @article{StumperBergerKlotscheetal.2025, author = {Stumper, Nele and Berger, J{\"o}rn and Klotsche, Jens and Gedat, Egbert and Hoff, Paula and Schmittat, Gabriela and Burmester, Gerd-R{\"u}diger and Kr{\"o}nke, Gerhard and Backhaus, Marina and Haugen, Ida Kristin and Ohrndorf, Sarah}, title = {To optimise the diagnostic process of rheumatic diseases affecting the hands using fluorescence optical imaging (FOI)}, series = {RMD Open}, volume = {11}, journal = {RMD Open}, number = {3}, publisher = {EULAR}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:526-opus4-20698}, year = {2025}, abstract = {Background Accurate and rapid diagnosis of rheumatic diseases is essential for further treatment decision. Different rheumatic diseases present characteristic patterns (image features) in fluorescence optical imaging (FOI). We developed an atlas of FOI image features and tested its ability to differentiate various rheumatic diseases. Methods FOI images from patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA), psoriatic arthritis (PsA), connective tissue diseases (CTD) and osteoarthritis (OA) were analysed by two readers blinded for diagnosis and calibrated against each other, using the prima vista mode (PVM) and an automated 5-phase model. Twenty-six different reoccurring typical signal enhancement patterns (features) indicating inflamed joints, nail or skin were defined and all FOI images were scored accordingly. The feature frequency in each patient cohort and phase (PVM, 5-phase) was counted. Contingency tables were created with categorical variable counts and diagnosis using common formulae. Findings Four hundred thirty-eight patients with RA (n=117), PsA (n=110), CTD (n=121) and OA (n=90) were included. Once the data had been categorised, a two-step diagnostic pathway was developed: in the first step, OA was best distinguished from the other diseases with high specificity by five patterns (specificity >0.9, diagnostic OR between 2.34 and 8.24). In a second step, the remaining autoimmune diseases were differentiated from each other by a certain number of features (five for RA, 12 for PsA and four for CTD). Interpretation This was the first study to show that feature analysis in FOI helps to differentiate typical rheumatic diseases from each other, potentially simplifying and speeding up the diagnostic process. Therefore, FOI could be considered an additional component of a wider range of imaging techniques used in rheumatology.}, language = {en} } @article{GedatBergerKieseletal.2022, author = {Gedat, Egbert and Berger, J{\"o}rn and Kiesel, Denise and Failli, Vieri and Briel, Andreas and Welker, Pia}, title = {Features Found in Indocyanine Green-Based Fluorescence Optical Imaging of Inflammatory Diseases of the Hands}, series = {Diagnostics}, volume = {12}, journal = {Diagnostics}, number = {8}, publisher = {MDPI}, issn = {2075-4418}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:526-opus4-16359}, year = {2022}, abstract = {Rheumatologists in Europe and the USA increasingly rely on fluorescence optical imaging (FOI, Xiralite) for the diagnosis of inflammatory diseases. Those include rheumatoid arthritis, psoriatic arthritis, and osteoarthritis, among others. Indocyanine green (ICG)-based FOI allows visualization of impaired microcirculation caused by inflammation in both hands in one examination. Thousands of patients are now documented and most literature focuses on inflammatory arthritides, which affect synovial joints and their related structures, making it a powerful tool in the diagnostic process of early undifferentiated arthritis and rheumatoid arthritis. However, it has become gradually clear that this technique has the potential to go even further than that. FOI allows visualization of other types of tissues. This means that FOI can also support the diagnostic process of vasculopathies, myositis, collagenoses, and other connective tissue diseases. This work summarizes the most prominent imaging features found in FOI examinations of inflammatory diseases, outlines the underlying anatomical structures, and introduces a nomenclature for the features and, thus, supports the idea that this tool is a useful part of the imaging repertoire in rheumatology clinical practice, particularly where other imaging methods are not easily available.}, language = {en} } @article{BayBuschLisdatetal.2017, author = {Bay, Daniyah H. and Busch, Annika and Lisdat, Fred and Iida, Keisuke and Ikebukuro, Kazunori and Nagasawa, Kazuo and Karube, Isao and Yoshida, Wataru}, title = {Identification of G-quadruplex structures that possess transcriptional regulating functions in the Dele and Cdc6 CpG islands}, series = {BMC Molecular Biology}, volume = {18}, journal = {BMC Molecular Biology}, number = {17}, issn = {1471-2199}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:526-opus4-9811}, year = {2017}, abstract = {G-quadruplex is a DNA secondary structure that has been shown to play an important role in biological systems. In a previous study, we identified 1998 G-quadruplex-forming sequences using a mouse CpG islands DNA microarray with a fluorescent-labeled G-quadruplex ligand. Among these putative G-quadruplex-forming sequences, G-quadruplex formation was verified for 10 randomly selected sequences by CD spectroscopy and DMS footprinting analysis. In this study, the biological function of the 10 G-quadruplex-forming sequences in the transcriptional regulation has been analyzed using a reporter assay.}, language = {en} } @article{BelchevaErmakovaFabian2023, author = {Belcheva, Veronika and Ermakova, Tatiana and Fabian, Benjamin}, title = {Understanding Website Privacy Policies—A Longitudinal Analysis Using Natural Language Processing}, series = {Information}, volume = {14}, journal = {Information}, number = {11}, publisher = {MDPI}, issn = {2078-2489}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:526-opus4-18268}, year = {2023}, abstract = {Privacy policies are the main method for informing Internet users of how their data are collected and shared. This study aims to analyze the deficiencies of privacy policies in terms of readability, vague statements, and the use of pacifying phrases concerning privacy. This represents the undertaking of a step forward in the literature on this topic through a comprehensive analysis encompassing both time and website coverage. It characterizes trends across website categories, top-level domains, and popularity ranks. Furthermore, studying the development in the context of the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) offers insights into the impact of regulations on policy comprehensibility. The findings reveal a concerning trend: privacy policies have grown longer and more ambiguous, making it challenging for users to comprehend them. Notably, there is an increased proportion of vague statements, while clear statements have seen a decrease. Despite this, the study highlights a steady rise in the inclusion of reassuring statements aimed at alleviating readers' privacy concerns.}, language = {en} } @article{RotheBergerWelkeretal.2023, author = {Rothe, Felix and Berger, J{\"o}rn and Welker, Pia and Fiebelkorn, Richard and Kupper, Stefan and Kiesel, Denise and Gedat, Egbert and Ohrndorf, Sarah}, title = {Fluorescence optical imaging feature selection with machine learning for differential diagnosis of selected rheumatic diseases}, series = {Frontiers in Medicine}, volume = {10}, journal = {Frontiers in Medicine}, publisher = {Frontiers}, issn = {2296-858X}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:526-opus4-17922}, year = {2023}, abstract = {Background and objective: Accurate and fast diagnosis of rheumatic diseases affecting the hands is essential for further treatment decisions. Fluorescence optical imaging (FOI) visualizes inflammation-induced impaired microcirculation by increasing signal intensity, resulting in different image features. This analysis aimed to find specific image features in FOI that might be important for accurately diagnosing different rheumatic diseases. Patients and methods: FOI images of the hands of patients with different types of rheumatic diseases, such as rheumatoid arthritis (RA), osteoarthritis (OA), and connective tissue diseases (CTD), were assessed in a reading of 20 different image features in three phases of the contrast agent dynamics, yielding 60 different features for each patient. The readings were analyzed for mutual differential diagnosis of the three diseases (One-vs-One) and each disease in all data (One-vs-Rest). In the first step, statistical tools and machine-learning-based methods were applied to reveal the importance rankings of the features, that is, to find features that contribute most to the model-based classification. In the second step machine learning with a stepwise increasing number of features was applied, sequentially adding at each step the most crucial remaining feature to extract a minimized subset that yields the highest diagnostic accuracy. Results: In total, n = 605 FOI of both hands were analyzed (n = 235 with RA, n = 229 with OA, and n = 141 with CTD). All classification problems showed maximum accuracy with a reduced set of image features. For RA-vs.-OA, five features were needed for high accuracy. For RA-vs.-CTD ten, OA-vs.-CTD sixteen, RA-vs.-Rest five, OA-vs.-Rest eleven, and CTD-vs-Rest fifteen, features were needed, respectively. For all problems, the final importance ranking of the features with respect to the contrast agent dynamics was determined. Conclusions: With the presented investigations, the set of features in FOI examinations relevant to the differential diagnosis of the selected rheumatic diseases could be remarkably reduced, providing helpful information for the physician.}, language = {en} } @article{GossingFrohmeRadke2020, author = {Gossing, Wilhelm and Frohme, Marcus and Radke, Lars}, title = {Biomarkers for Liquid Biopsies of Pituitary Neuroendocrine Tumors}, series = {Biomedicines}, volume = {8}, journal = {Biomedicines}, number = {6}, issn = {2227-9059}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:526-opus4-13307}, year = {2020}, abstract = {Pituitary neuroendocrine tumors (PitNET) do not only belong to the most common intracranial neoplasms but seem to be generally more common than has been thought. Minimally invasive liquid biopsies have the potential to improve their early screening efficiency as well as monitor prognosis by facilitating the diagnostic procedures. This review aims to assess the potential of using liquid biopsies of different kinds of biomarker species that have only been obtained from solid pituitary tissues so far. Numerous molecules have been associated with the development of a PitNET, suggesting that it often develops from the cumulative effects of many smaller genetic or epigenetic changes. These minor changes eventually pile up to switch critical molecules into tumor-promoting states, which may be the key regulatory nodes representing the most potent marker substances for a diagnostic test. Drugs targeting these nodes may be superior for the therapeutic outcome and therefore the identification of such pituitary-specific cellular key nodes will help to accelerate their application in medicine. The ongoing genetic degeneration in pituitary adenomas suggests that repeated tumor profiling via liquid biopsies will be necessary for personalized and effective treatment solutions.}, language = {en} } @article{GossingRadkeBieringetal.2021, author = {Gossing, Wilhelm and Radke, Lars and Biering, Henrik and Diederich, Sven and Mai, Knut and Frohme, Marcus}, title = {The ElonginB/C-Cullin5-SOCS-Box-Complex Is a Potential Biomarker for Growth Hormone Disorders}, series = {Biomedicines}, volume = {9}, journal = {Biomedicines}, number = {2}, publisher = {MDPI}, issn = {2227-9059}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:526-opus4-13802}, year = {2021}, abstract = {Insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) is the standard biochemical marker for the diagnosis and treatment control of acromegaly and growth hormone deficiency (GHD). However, its limitations necessitate the screening for new specific and sensitive biomarkers. The elonginB/C-cullin5-SOCS-box-complex (ECS-complex) (an intracellular five-protein complex) is stimulated by circulating growth hormone (GH) and regulates GH receptor levels through a negative feedback loop. It mediates the cells' sensitivity for GH and therefore, represents a potent new biomarker for those diseases. In this study, individual ECS-complex proteins were measured in whole blood samples of patients with acromegaly (n = 32) or GHD (n = 12) via ELISA and compared to controls. Hierarchical clustering of the results revealed that by combining the three ECS-complex proteins suppressor of cytokine signaling 2 (SOCS2), cullin-5 and ring-box protein 2 (Rbx-2), 93\% of patient samples could be separated from controls, despite many patients having a normal IGF-1 or not receiving medical treatment. SOCS2 showed the best individual diagnostic performance with an overall accuracy of 0.93, while the combination of the three proteins correctly identified all patients and controls. This resulted in perfect sensitivity and specificity for all patient groups, which demonstrates potential benefits of the ECS-complex proteins as clinical biomarkers for the diagnostics of GH-related diseases and substantiates their important role in GH metabolism.}, language = {en} } @article{MarehnWilhelmPospisiletal.2019, author = {Marehn, David Thomas and Wilhelm, Detlef and Pospisil, Heike and Pizzoferrato, Roberto}, title = {Double entry method for the verification of data a chromatography data system receives}, series = {Journal of Sensors and Sensor Systems}, volume = {8}, journal = {Journal of Sensors and Sensor Systems}, issn = {2194-878X}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:526-opus4-12349}, pages = {207 -- 214}, year = {2019}, abstract = {The importance of software validation increases since the need for high usability and suitability of software applications grows. In order to reduce costs and manage risk factors, more and more recommendations and rules have been established. In the field of pharmacy the vendors of so-called chromatography data systems (CDSs) had to implement the guidelines of the Code of Federal Regulations Title 21 (CFR 21) during the last few years in order to fulfill the increasing requirements. The CFR 21 part 11 deals with electronic records and signatures. This part is binding for each company in the regulated environment that wishes to create, edit and sign electronic information instead of printing them on paper. Subsection CFR 21 part 11.10(h) explains how to perform an input check for manual user entries as well as for data that will be collected from an external device. In this article we present an approach performing the double entry method on data provided by the hardware instrument in order to investigate possible influences on the raw data by the handling CDS. A software tool has been written which allows us to communicate with a high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) detector and acquire data from it. The communication is completely independent of a CDS which is started separately and connected to the same system. Using this configuration we made a parallel data acquisition of two instances at the same time possible. Two CDSs have been tested and for at least one of them it has been shown that a comparison of the acquired data can be done as with the double entry method for the data verification. For the second CDS we checked whether it would be applicable after a few modifications. The given approach could be either used for a live data verification of produced raw data or as a single test during a software operational qualification to verify the data acquisition functionality of the software.}, language = {en} }