@article{SteglichSchasfoort2022, author = {Steglich, Patrick and Schasfoort, Richard B. M.}, title = {Surface Plasmon Resonance Imaging (SPRi) and Photonic Integrated Circuits (PIC) for COVID-19 Severity Monitoring}, series = {COVID}, volume = {2}, journal = {COVID}, number = {3}, publisher = {MDPI}, issn = {2673-8112}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:526-opus4-16004}, pages = {389 -- 397}, year = {2022}, abstract = {Direct optical detection methods such as surface plasmon resonance imaging (SPRi) and photonic-integrated-circuits (PIC)-based biosensors provide a fast label-free detection of COVID-19 antibodies in real-time. Each technology, i.e., SPRi and PIC, has advantages and disadvantages in terms of throughput, miniaturization, multiplexing, system integration, and cost-effective mass production. However, both technologies share similarities in terms of sensing mechanism and both can be used as high-content diagnostics at or near to point of care, where the analyte is not just quantified but comprehensively characterized. This is significant because recent results suggest that not only the antibody concentration of the three isotypes IgM, IgG, and IgA but also the strength of binding (affinity) gives an indication of potential COVID-19 severity. COVID-19 patients with high titers of low affinity antibodies are associated with disease severity. In this perspective, we provide some insights into how SPR and PIC technologies can be effectively combined and complementarily used for a comprehensive COVID-19 severity monitoring. This opens a route toward an immediate therapy decision to provide patients a treatment in an early stage of the infection, which could drastically lowers the risk of a severe disease course.}, language = {en} } @article{SteglichLecciMai2022, author = {Steglich, Patrick and Lecci, Giulia and Mai, Andreas}, title = {Surface Plasmon Resonance (SPR) Spectroscopy and Photonic Integrated Circuit (PIC) Biosensors: A Comparative Review}, series = {Sensors}, volume = {22}, journal = {Sensors}, number = {8}, publisher = {MDPI}, issn = {1424-8220}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:526-opus4-16018}, year = {2022}, abstract = {Label-free direct-optical biosensors such as surface-plasmon resonance (SPR) spectroscopy has become a gold standard in biochemical analytics in centralized laboratories. Biosensors based on photonic integrated circuits (PIC) are based on the same physical sensing mechanism: evanescent field sensing. PIC-based biosensors can play an important role in healthcare, especially for point-of-care diagnostics, if challenges for a transfer from research laboratory to industrial applications can be overcome. Research is at this threshold, which presents a great opportunity for innovative on-site analyses in the health and environmental sectors. A deeper understanding of the innovative PIC technology is possible by comparing it with the well-established SPR spectroscopy. In this work, we shortly introduce both technologies and reveal similarities and differences. Further, we review some latest advances and compare both technologies in terms of surface functionalization and sensor performance.}, language = {en} } @article{LindnerLiebchen2022, author = {Lindner, Niels and Liebchen, Christian}, title = {Timetable merging for the Periodic Event Scheduling Problem}, series = {EURO Journal on Transportation and Logistics}, volume = {11}, journal = {EURO Journal on Transportation and Logistics}, publisher = {Elsevier}, issn = {2192-4376}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:526-opus4-16054}, year = {2022}, abstract = {We propose a new mixed integer programming based heuristic for computing new benchmark primal solutions for instances of the PESPlib. The PESPlib is a collection of instances for the Periodic Event Scheduling Problem (PESP), comprising periodic timetabling problems inspired by real-world railway timetabling settings, and attracting several international research teams during the last years. We describe two strategies to merge a set of good periodic timetables. These make use of the instance structure and minimum weight cycle bases, finally leading to restricted mixed integer programming formulations with tighter variable bounds. Implementing this timetable merging approach in a concurrent solver, we improve the objective values of the best known solutions for the smallest and largest PESPlib instances by 1.7 and 4.3 percent, respectively.}, language = {en} } @article{DeRocchisRoitschFranken2022, author = {De Rocchis, Vincenzo and Roitsch, Thomas and Franken, Philipp}, title = {Extracellular Glycolytic Activities in Root Endophytic Serendipitaceae and Their Regulation by Plant Sugars}, series = {Microorganisms}, volume = {10}, journal = {Microorganisms}, number = {2}, editor = {Strobel, Gary A.}, publisher = {MDPI}, issn = {2076-2607}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:526-opus4-15774}, year = {2022}, abstract = {Endophytic fungi that colonize the plant root live in an environment with relative high concentrations of different sugars. Analyses of genome sequences indicate that such endophytes can secrete carbohydrate-related enzymes to compete for these sugars with the surrounding plant cells. We hypothesized that typical plant sugars can be used as carbon source by root endophytes and that these sugars also serve as signals to induce the expression and secretion of glycolytic enzymes. The plant-growth-promoting endophytes Serendipita indica and Serendipita herbamans were selected to first determine which sugars promote their growth and biomass formation. Secondly, particular sugars were added to liquid cultures of the fungi to induce intracellular and extracellular enzymatic activities which were measured in mycelia and culture supernatants. The results showed that both fungi cannot feed on melibiose and lactose, but instead use glucose, fructose, sucrose, mannose, arabinose, galactose and xylose as carbohydrate sources. These sugars regulated the cytoplasmic activity of glycolytic enzymes and also their secretion. The levels of induction or repression depended on the type of sugars added to the cultures and differed between the two fungi. Since no conventional signal peptide could be detected in most of the genome sequences encoding the glycolytic enzymes, a non-conventional protein secretory pathway is assumed. The results of the study suggest that root endophytic fungi translocate glycolytic activities into the root, and this process is regulated by the availability of particular plant sugars.}, language = {en} } @article{PfeilNechyporenkoFrohmeetal.2022, author = {Pfeil, Juliane and Nechyporenko, Alina and Frohme, Marcus and Hufert, Frank T. and Schulze, Katja}, title = {Examination of blood samples using deep learning and mobile microscopy}, series = {BMC Bioinformatics}, volume = {23}, journal = {BMC Bioinformatics}, publisher = {BioMed Central}, issn = {1471-2105}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:526-opus4-15802}, year = {2022}, abstract = {Microscopic examination of human blood samples is an excellent opportunity to assess general health status and diagnose diseases. Conventional blood tests are performed in medical laboratories by specialized professionals and are time and labor intensive. The development of a point-of-care system based on a mobile microscope and powerful algorithms would be beneficial for providing care directly at the patient's bedside. For this purpose human blood samples were visualized using a low-cost mobile microscope, an ocular camera and a smartphone. Training and optimisation of different deep learning methods for instance segmentation are used to detect and count the different blood cells. The accuracy of the results is assessed using quantitative and qualitative evaluation standards.}, language = {en} } @article{HerkenhoffBovolentaBroedeletal.2021, author = {Herkenhoff, Marcos Edgar and Bovolenta, Luiz A. and Br{\"o}del, Oliver and dos Santos, Lucilene Delazari and de Oliveira, Arthur C. and Chuffa, Luiz G.A. and Ribeiro, Amanda O. and Lupi, Luiz A. and Dias, Marco A.D. and Hilsdorf, Alexandre W.S. and Frohme, Marcus and Pinhal, Danillo}, title = {Variant expression signatures of microRNAs and protein related to growth in a crossbreed between two strains of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus)}, series = {Genomics}, volume = {113}, journal = {Genomics}, number = {6}, publisher = {Elsevier}, issn = {0888-7543}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:526-opus4-15571}, pages = {4303 -- 4312}, year = {2021}, abstract = {Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) is a species of worldwide importance for aquaculture. A crossbred lineage was developed through introgressive backcross breeding techniques and combines the high growth performance of the Chitralada (CHIT) lwith attractive reddish color of the Red Stirling (REDS) strains. Since the crossbreed has an unknown genetically improved background, the objective of this work was to characterize expression signatures that portray the advantageous phenotype of the crossbreeds. We characterized the microRNA transcriptome by high throughput sequencing (RNA-seq) and the proteome through mass spectrometry (ESI-Q-TOF-MS) and applied bioinformatics for the comparative analysis of such molecular data on the three strains. Crossbreed expressed a distinct set of miRNAs and proteins compared to the parents. They comprised several microRNAs regulate traits of economic interest. Proteomic profiles revealed differences between parental and crossbreed in expression of proteins associated with glycolisis. Distinctive miRNA and protein signatures contribute to the phenotype of crossbreed.}, language = {en} } @article{WielandKuhlsLentzetal.2021, author = {Wieland, Ralf and Kuhls, Katrin and Lentz, Hartmut H.K. and Conraths, Franz and Kampen, Helge and Werner, Doreen}, title = {Combined climate and regional mosquito habitat model based on machine learning}, series = {Ecological Modelling}, volume = {452}, journal = {Ecological Modelling}, address = {Elsevier}, issn = {0304-3800}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:526-opus4-15649}, year = {2021}, abstract = {Besides invasive mosquito species also several native species are proven or suspected vectors of arboviruses as West Nile or Usutu virus in Western Europe. Habitat models of these native vectors can be a helpful tool for assessing the risk of autochthonous occurrence, outbreaks and spread of diseases caused by such arboviruses. Modelling native mosquitoes is complicated because of the perfect adaptation to the climatic and landscape conditions and their high abundance in contrast to invasive species. Here we present a new approach for such a habitat model for native mosquito species in Germany, which are considered as vectors of West Nile virus (WNV). Epizootic emergence of WNV was registered in Germany since 2018. The models are based on surveillance data of mosquitoes from the German citizen science project "M{\"u}ckenatlas" complemented by data from systematic trap monitoring in Germany, and on data freely available from the Deutscher Wetterdienst (DWD) and OpenStreetMap (OSM). While climatic factors still play an important role, we could show that habitat suitability is predictable only by the combination of the climate model with a regional model. Both models were based on a machine-learning approach using XGBoost. Evaluation of the accuracy of the models was done by statistical analysis, determining among others feature importances using the SHAP-Library. Final output of the combined climatic and regional models are maps showing the superposed habitat suitability which are generated through a number of steps described in detail. These maps also include the registered cases of WNV infections in the selected region of Germany.}, language = {en} } @article{GerhardDobis2021, author = {Gerhard, Christoph and Dobis, Alexander}, title = {Manufacturing-induced surface contaminations}, series = {Vakuum in Forschung und Praxis}, volume = {33}, journal = {Vakuum in Forschung und Praxis}, number = {1}, publisher = {Wiley}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:526-opus4-15656}, pages = {33 -- 37}, year = {2021}, abstract = {Summary In the course of classical optics manufacturing glass components are in permanent direct contact with aqueous operating materials. Such contact leads to a certain absorption of water and hydrogenous compounds that may induce severe glass defects. In this contribution, absorption of hydrogen and other contaminants during grinding of glass was observed and qualitatively detected via laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy. It is shown that hydrogen, calcium, magnesium, and carbon are implanted into the glass surface where the contaminant concentration increases over grinding time or contact time of the glass surface with water and the grinding tool, respectively. The contaminants hydrogen, calcium, and magnesium can be attributed to the water used as lubricant. In contrast, carbon most likely originates from wear debris of the used silicon carbide grinding pads. Several possible mechanisms that lead to such surface contamination of glasses during grinding - diffusion, accumulation in micro cracks as well as the formation of hydrated silica - are finally introduced.}, language = {en} } @article{BauerFursenkoHeinrichetal.2022, author = {Bauer, Joachim and Fursenko, Oksana and Heinrich, Friedhelm and Gutke, Marko and Kornejew, Eckhart and Br{\"o}del, Oliver and Dietzel, Birgit and Kaltenbach, Alexander and Burkhardt, Martin and Edling, Matthias and Steglich, Patrick and Herzog, Michael and Schrader, Sigurd}, title = {Determination of optical constants and scattering properties of transparent polymers for use in optoelectronics}, series = {Optical Materials Express}, volume = {12}, journal = {Optical Materials Express}, number = {1}, publisher = {Optica Publishing Group}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:526-opus4-15666}, pages = {204 -- 224}, year = {2022}, abstract = {Knowledge of optical constants, i.e. refractive index n and extinction coefficient k, and light scattering properties of optical polymers are required to optimize micro-optics for light-emitting diodes in terms of efficiency, color properties and light distribution. We present here a model-based diagnostic approach to determine the optical properties of polymers, which should be particularly useful in the development of plastics for optical applications. Optical constants and scattering coefficients were obtained from transmission and reflection measurements in a wavelength range from UV to NIR taking into account scattering effects due to rough surfaces and volume inhomogeneity. Based on the models for the dielectric function, the molecular optical transition energies Eg, critical point energies, Urbach energies and exciton transition energies were determined. Rayleigh and Mie scattering model and van de Hulst\&\#x0027;s anomalous diffraction theory were applied to characterize scattering due to volume inhomogeneities. Scalar diffraction theory was applied to account for surface roughness scattering. Atomic force microscopy with nanomechanical characterization was used to characterize domains in size and shape and to assign optical scattering to a suitable morphological model. The combined optical and mechanical characterization help to improve the qualification of new polymer materials for optical applications.}, language = {en} } @article{DrostMarschmeyerFraschkeetal.2022, author = {Drost, Martin and Marschmeyer, Steffen and Fraschke, Mirko and Fursenko, Oksana and B{\"a}rwolf, Florian and Costina, Ioan and Kalishettyhalli Mahadevaiah, Mamathamba and Lisker, Marco}, title = {Etch mechanism of an Al₂O₃ hard mask in the Bosch process}, series = {Micro and Nano Engineering}, volume = {14}, journal = {Micro and Nano Engineering}, publisher = {Elsevier}, issn = {2590-0072}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:526-opus4-15678}, year = {2022}, abstract = {The etching of high aspect ratio structures in silicon via the Bosch process is essential in modern technologies such as microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) and through‑silicon vias (TSV) fabrication. The process can be very demanding on the mask selectivity due to long etching times, and it has been shown that an Al2O3 hard mask is very suitable in this regard, as it offers significantly higher selectivity compared to the conventional SiO2 or resist masks. In this work, we employ a combination of Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Spectroscopic Ellipsometry (SE) and X-Ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS) depth profiling to scrutinize the Al2O3 mask etching mechanism and therefore the origin of the extraordinary high selectivity. We demonstrate that by increasing the passivation step time, a thicker fluorocarbon polymer layer is formed on the Al2O3, and Al2O3 is then removed with a minuscule average etch rate of 0.01 nm/min. XPS depth profiling reveals that during Deep Reactive Ion Etching (DRIE) using the Bosch process, an AlFx layer is formed between the polymer and Al2O3. As AlFx is non-volatile, it requires sputtering to be removed. If the polymer layer is thick enough to attenuate the incoming ions such that their energy is not sufficient to lead to desorption of AlFx, such as when using a longer passivation time, the mask is not eroded. By investigating the surface after different amounts of DRIE cycles, we also obtained information about the formation rate of AlFx and the changes in the Al2O3 and polymer thicknesses over the course of a DRIE process. These findings further expand the knowledge of DRIE and can help process engineers to tailor the processes accordingly.}, language = {en} } @article{HeinsohnNiedlAnielskietal.2022, author = {Heinsohn, Natascha Katharina and Niedl, Robert Raimund and Anielski, Alexander and Lisdat, Fred and Beta, Carsten}, title = {Electrophoretic µPAD for Purification and Analysis of DNA Samples}, series = {Biosensors}, volume = {12}, journal = {Biosensors}, number = {2}, publisher = {MDPI}, issn = {2079-6374}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:526-opus4-15763}, year = {2022}, abstract = {In this work, the fabrication and characterization of a simple, inexpensive, and effective microfluidic paper analytic device (µPAD) for monitoring DNA samples is reported. The glass microfiber-based chip has been fabricated by a new wax-based transfer-printing technique and an electrode printing process. It is capable of moving DNA effectively in a time-dependent fashion. The nucleic acid sample is not damaged by this process and is accumulated in front of the anode, but not directly on the electrode. Thus, further DNA processing is feasible. The system allows the DNA to be purified by separating it from other components in sample mixtures such as proteins. Furthermore, it is demonstrated that DNA can be moved through several layers of the glass fiber material. This proof of concept will provide the basis for the development of rapid test systems, e.g., for the detection of pathogens in water samples.}, language = {en} } @phdthesis{Tanui2020, author = {Tanui, Josephat}, title = {Detailed study of wood combustion in a fixed bed reactor under oxy-fuel condition}, doi = {10.15771/DISS_2020_1}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:526-opus4-15320}, school = {Technische Hochschule Wildau}, pages = {272}, year = {2020}, abstract = {Biomass fuel is the major source of energy for a significant proportion of the world population. Conventionally, biomass is burned in combustors that use air as oxidizer. The need for efficiency and reduced emissions has led to development of clean combustion technologies such as oxy-fuel combustion. In oxy-fuel combustion technique, fuel is burnt in O2/CO2 environment instead of O2/N2 environment. In spite of biomass being used under oxy-fuel conditions using fixed bed furnaces, there is no detailed study of biomass combustion in fixed bed reactors under oxy-fuel condition. The studies only cover combustion under air-fuel condition. There is no report in the literature on important combustion parameters, viz., flame propagation speed, temperature profiles, ignition time, and species evolution in the fixed bed combustion under oxy-fuel conditions; the studies have been only in air. This work extends the research on biomass conversion to combustion under oxy-fuel conditions. To address these knowledge gaps, this PhD thesis focused on establishing and isolating the role of various CO2 effects on biomass combustion properties using a laboratory fixed bed reactor through experiments and numerical modeling. The fixed bed reactor used in this study was operated in counter-current flame propagation mode. Oxidizer was a mixture of pure O2 and N2 or CO2. Measurement were made for air-fuel condition, oxy-fuel condition of different O2/CO2 mixtures and various initial bed porosity. In this work, all numerical simulations were carried out using a commercial CFD software CD-Adapco (STAR CCM+ version 11.04). Euler-Lagrange (CFD-DEM) approach was used to model biomass conversion in a packed bed. Solid particles and their conversion were modeled using DEM while fluid phase was modeled as a continuous phase using CFD. Biomass conversion was modeled by four sub-models, namely, drying, pyrolysis, gas-phase reactions and char oxidation models. These models were adopted and improved from previous research on wood combustion. To account for oxy-fuel combustion environment, reaction involving CO2 which has been identified as the dominant reaction pathway as well as its associated chain-branching reactions were incorporated in homogeneous reaction sub-model. In order to separate effects of CO2 on wood combustion, four different mixtures of O2 and Ar/CO2/N2 were designed and simulated. Temperature in O2/CO2 combustion environment was adjusted to be equal to that of O2/N2 environment by adding an appropriate amount of Ar while O2 amount remained the same. The results showed that flame front propagation speed in oxy-fuel atmosphere reduced to 78\% of that of the air-fuel condition with similar O2 concentration. The CFD-DEM model agreed very well with experimental values for mass loss, propagation speed and flame front positions. However, peak temperatures were poorly predicted at lower oxygen concentrations. The accuracy of temperature prediction improved at higher oxygen concentrations. It was noted that oxy-fuel peak temperature is lower than air-fuel temperature by about 200 K. For oxy-fuel combustion, peak temperature value and propagation speed increases as O2 concentration is increased. The results showed that at any given oxygen concentration, ignition time in oxy-fuel environment is almost twice that of corresponding air-fuel condition. It was established that the packing density affects combustion process by changing the burning conditions and limits. Furthermore, the study revealed that there is an optimum packing density, χ = 0.71, beyond which the efficiency falls due to the onset of quenching in the spaces. It was concluded that dilution effect is the most influential parameter on the burning rate of wood combustion in an oxy-fuel system. In a future study, the model prediction could be improved by including ash inhibition sub-model and using a full chemical kinetic mechanism for hydro-carbon combustion. It was also recommended that a detail analysis of heat transfer in the bed could be investigated in a future study. The findings from this work are important and may be useful when designing burners which operate under oxy-fuel combustion conditions.}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{LindnerLiebchenMasing2021, author = {Lindner, Niels and Liebchen, Christian and Masing, Berenike}, title = {Forward Cycle Bases and Periodic Timetabling}, series = {21st Symposium on Algorithmic Approaches for Transportation Modelling, Optimization, and Systems (ATMOS 2021)}, booktitle = {21st Symposium on Algorithmic Approaches for Transportation Modelling, Optimization, and Systems (ATMOS 2021)}, publisher = {Schloss Dagstuhl - Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik}, address = {Dagstuhl}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:526-opus4-15408}, pages = {2:1 -- 2:14}, year = {2021}, abstract = {Periodic timetable optimization problems in public transport can be modeled as mixed-integer linear programs by means of the Periodic Event Scheduling Problem (PESP). In order to keep the branch-and-bound tree small, minimum integral cycle bases have been proven successful. We examine forward cycle bases, where no cycle is allowed to contain a backward arc. After reviewing the theory of these bases, we describe the construction of an integral forward cycle basis on a line-based event-activity network. Adding turnarounds to the instance R1L1 of the benchmark library PESPlib, we computationally evaluate three types of forward cycle bases in the Pareto sense, and come up with significant improvements concerning dual bounds.}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{LindnerLiebchen2020, author = {Lindner, Niels and Liebchen, Christian}, title = {Determining All Integer Vertices of the PESP Polytope by Flipping Arcs}, series = {20th Symposium on Algorithmic Approaches for Transportation Modelling, Optimization, and Systems (ATMOS 2020)}, booktitle = {20th Symposium on Algorithmic Approaches for Transportation Modelling, Optimization, and Systems (ATMOS 2020)}, editor = {Huisman, Dennis and Zaroliagis, Christos D.}, publisher = {Schloss Dagstuhl, Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik}, address = {Dagstuhl, Germany}, isbn = {978-3-95977-170-2}, issn = {2190-6807}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:526-opus4-13650}, year = {2020}, abstract = {We investigate polyhedral aspects of the Periodic Event Scheduling Problem (PESP), the mathematical basis for periodic timetabling problems in public transport. Flipping the orientation of arcs, we obtain a new class of valid inequalities, the flip inequalities, comprising both the known cycle and change-cycle inequalities. For a point of the LP relaxation, a violated flip inequality can be found in pseudo-polynomial time, and even in linear time for a spanning tree solution. Our main result is that the integer vertices of the polytope described by the flip inequalities are exactly the vertices of the PESP polytope, i.e., the convex hull of all feasible periodic slacks with corresponding modulo parameters. Moreover, we show that this flip polytope equals the PESP polytope in some special cases. On the computational side, we devise several heuristic approaches concerning the separation of cutting planes from flip inequalities. We finally present better dual bounds for the smallest and largest instance of the benchmarking library PESPlib.}, language = {en} } @article{StrelkovaBaranovaKuhls2020, author = {Strelkova, Margarita V. and Baranova, Alla M. and Kuhls, Katrin}, title = {History of the E.I. Martsinovsky Institute of Medical Parasitology and Tropical Medicine: research on malaria and leishmaniasis}, series = {Hist{\´o}ria, Ci{\^e}ncias, Sa{\´u}de - Manguinhos}, volume = {27}, journal = {Hist{\´o}ria, Ci{\^e}ncias, Sa{\´u}de - Manguinhos}, number = {4}, publisher = {Casa de Oswaldo Cruz, Funda{\c{c}}{\~a}o Oswaldo Cruz}, issn = {1678-4758}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:526-opus4-13675}, pages = {1097 -- 1124}, year = {2020}, abstract = {This review presents the 100-year history of the Martsinovsky Institute of Medical Parasitology and Tropical Medicine in Moscow, Russia, starting with its foundation and early activities, and also describes the impact of its leading scientists, some of whom became internationally known. The institute headed a network of nine tropical institutes in the various Soviet republics from the 1920s to 1990. The extensive body of literature on the history and research accomplishments of this institute has mainly been published in Russian; our goal here is to introduce these achievements and this expertise to the international scientific and medical community, focusing on malaria and leishmaniasis and the development of measures to control and monitor these diseases in the USSR.}, language = {en} } @article{GloeklerLimIdaetal.2021, author = {Gl{\"o}kler, J{\"o}rn and Lim, Theam Soon and Ida, Jeunice and Frohme, Marcus}, title = {Isothermal amplifications - a comprehensive review on current methods}, series = {Critical Reviews in Biochemistry and Molecular Biology}, journal = {Critical Reviews in Biochemistry and Molecular Biology}, publisher = {Taylor \& Francis}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:526-opus4-15154}, pages = {1 -- 44}, year = {2021}, abstract = {AbstractThe introduction of nucleic acid amplification techniques has revolutionized the field of medical diagnostics in the last decade. The advent of PCR catalyzed the increasing application of DNA, not just for molecular cloning but also for molecular based diagnostics. Since the introduction of PCR, a deeper understanding of molecular mechanisms and enzymes involved in DNA/RNA replication has spurred the development of novel methods devoid of temperature cycling. Isothermal amplification methods have since been introduced utilizing different mechanisms, enzymes, and conditions. The ease with which isothermal amplification methods have allowed nucleic acid amplification to be carried out has had a profound impact on the way molecular diagnostics are being designed after the turn of the millennium. With all the advantages isothermal amplification brings, the issues or complications surrounding each method are heterogeneous making it difficult to identify the best approach for an end-user. This review pays special attention to the various isothermal amplification methods by classifying them based on the mechanistic characteristics which include reaction formats, amplification information, promoter, strand break, and refolding mechanisms. We would also compare the efficiencies and usefulness of each method while highlighting the potential applications and detection methods involved. This review will serve as an overall outlook on the journey and development of isothermal amplification methods as a whole.}, language = {en} } @article{KirchnerVillringerLaufer2023, author = {Kirchner, Thomas and Villringer, Claus and Laufer, Jan}, title = {Evaluation of ultrasound sensors for transcranial photoacoustic sensing and imaging}, series = {Photoacoustics}, volume = {33}, journal = {Photoacoustics}, publisher = {Elsevier}, issn = {2213-5979}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:526-opus4-17993}, year = {2023}, abstract = {Photoacoustic imaging through skull bone causes strong attenuation and distortion of the acoustic wavefront, which diminishes image contrast and resolution. As a result, transcranial photoacoustic measurements in humans have been challenging to demonstrate. In this study, we investigated the acoustic transmission through the human skull to design an ultrasound sensor suitable for transcranial PA imaging and sensing. We measured the frequency dependent losses of human cranial bones ex vivo, compared the performance of a range of piezoelectric and optical ultrasound sensors, and imaged skull phantoms using a PA tomograph based on a planar Fabry-Perot sensor. All transcranial photoacoustic measurements show the typical effects of frequency and thickness dependent attenuation and aberration associated with acoustic propagation through bone. The performance of plano-concave optical resonator ultrasound sensors was found to be highly suitable for transcranial photoacoustic measurements.}, language = {en} } @article{D'EliaTruuLahtietal.2023, author = {D'Elia, Domenica and Truu, Jaak and Lahti, Leo and Berland, Magali and Papoutsoglou, Georgios and Ceci, Michelangelo and Zomer, Aldert and Lopes, Marta B. and Ibrahimi, Eliana and Gruca, Aleksandra and Nechyporenko, Alina and Frohme, Marcus and Klammsteiner, Thomas and Carrillo de Santa Pau, Enrique and Marcos-Zambrano, Laura Judith and Hron, Karel and Pio, Gianvito and Simeon, Andrea and Suharoschi, Ramona and Moreno-Indias, Isabel and Temko, Andriy and Nedyalkova, Miroslava and Apostol, Elena-Simona and Truică, Ciprian-Octavian and Shigdel, Rajesh and Telalović, Jasminka Hasić and Bongcam-Rudloff, Erik and Przymus, Piotr and Jordamović, Naida Babić and Falquet, Laurent and Tarazona, Sonia and Sampri, Alexia and Isola, Gaetano and P{\´e}rez-Serrano, David and Trajkovik, Vladimir and Klucar, Lubos and Loncar-Turukalo, Tatjana and Havulinna, Aki S. and Jansen, Christian and Bertelsen, Randi J. and Claesson, Marcus Joakim}, title = {Advancing microbiome research with machine learning: key findings from the ML4Microbiome COST action}, series = {Frontiers in Microbiology}, volume = {14}, journal = {Frontiers in Microbiology}, publisher = {Frontiers}, issn = {1664-302X}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:526-opus4-18004}, year = {2023}, abstract = {The rapid development of machine learning (ML) techniques has opened up the data-dense field of microbiome research for novel therapeutic, diagnostic, and prognostic applications targeting a wide range of disorders, which could substantially improve healthcare practices in the era of precision medicine. However, several challenges must be addressed to exploit the benefits of ML in this field fully. In particular, there is a need to establish "gold standard" protocols for conducting ML analysis experiments and improve interactions between microbiome researchers and ML experts. The Machine Learning Techniques in Human Microbiome Studies (ML4Microbiome) COST Action CA18131 is a European network established in 2019 to promote collaboration between discovery-oriented microbiome researchers and data-driven ML experts to optimize and standardize ML approaches for microbiome analysis. This perspective paper presents the key achievements of ML4Microbiome, which include identifying predictive and discriminatory 'omics' features, improving repeatability and comparability, developing automation procedures, and defining priority areas for the novel development of ML methods targeting the microbiome. The insights gained from ML4Microbiome will help to maximize the potential of ML in microbiome research and pave the way for new and improved healthcare practices.}, language = {en} } @article{SopinskyyGrytsenkoVillringeretal.2023, author = {Sopinskyy, Mykola and Grytsenko, Kostyantyn and Villringer, Claus and Kolomzarov, Yurii and Schrader, Sigurd}, title = {Determination of scattering and Urbach absorption contributions to the light extinction in PTFE films by using graphical representation technique and numerical solution of the inverse problem}, series = {Semiconductor Physics, Quantum Electronics \& Optoelectronics}, volume = {26}, journal = {Semiconductor Physics, Quantum Electronics \& Optoelectronics}, number = {3}, publisher = {National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine. Institute for Semiconductor Physics}, address = {Kyiv}, issn = {1605-6582}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:526-opus4-18035}, pages = {303 -- 314}, year = {2023}, abstract = {Ellipsometrically obtained spectral dependences of ordinary αxy and extra-ordinary αz extinction/attenuation coefficients within the spectral range λ = 300…980 nm of uniaxially anisotropic polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) films were analyzed. We considered the capabilities and specific features of the graphical representation technique for determining the contribution of Rayleigh scattering and Urbach absorption to light attenuation in the spectral range beyond fundamental absorption. It has been shown that the graphical approach enables to estimate these contributions qualitatively, semi-quantitatively or quantitatively, depending on the situation. The conclusions made using the analysis of graphical representation are confirmed by numerical solution of the inverse problem via simulation of the αxy (λ), αz (λ) experimental dependences within the framework of a best-fit procedure. Being based on both of these approaches, we have ascertained that, in the as-prepared PTFE films, the so-called anomalous light scattering (ALS) with the spectral dependence of scattering coefficient αs ≈ as λ-p (p > 4) takes place. Transformation of scattering from ALS to the Rayleigh one with p ≈ 4 due to annealing is accompanied by an increase of Urbach (subband) absorption. Both of these factors cause narrowing the dynamic range of extinction coefficient values. Both scattering and absorption coefficients are higher for the component of light polarized along the normal to the substrate as compared to the component polarized in parallel to it. The relationship between observed behavior of the scattering and absorption coefficients and the film structure has been discussed.}, language = {en} } @book{OPUS4-1806, title = {Electromagnetic Propagation and Waveguides in Photonics and Microwave Engineering}, editor = {Steglich, Patrick}, publisher = {IntechOpen}, address = {London}, isbn = {978-1-83968-190-5}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:526-opus4-18063}, publisher = {Technische Hochschule Wildau}, pages = {192}, year = {2020}, abstract = {Optical and microwave waveguides have attracted much research interest in both science and industry. The number of potential applications for their use is growing rapidly. This book examines recent advances in the broad field of waveguide technology. It covers current progress and latest breakthroughs in emergent applications in photonics and microwave engineering. The book includes ten contributions on recent developments in waveguide technologies including theory, simulation, and fabrication of novel waveguide concepts as well as reviews on recent advances.}, subject = {Wellenleiter}, language = {en} } @book{OPUS4-1808, title = {Plasmonic Nanostructures - Basic Concepts, Optimization and Applications}, editor = {Steglich, Patrick}, publisher = {IntechOpen}, address = {London}, isbn = {978-1-80356-004-5}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:526-opus4-18084}, publisher = {Technische Hochschule Wildau}, pages = {126}, year = {2023}, abstract = {Plasmonics includes the fundamentals of surface plasmon polaritons in metals, and its rapidly increasing applications in biochemistry, nanotechnology, optical communication, sensing, and medicine. Surface plasmon polaritons have become popular because of their ultrasensitive optical measurement capabilities, and in recent years they have also been employed for ultra-high-speed data transfer. This book presents recent advances in the broad field of plasmonics, covering not only current progress and the latest breakthroughs in emergent applications but also geometry optimizations and the fundamentals of physical interactions.}, subject = {Plasmonik}, language = {en} } @book{OPUS4-1809, title = {Fiber Optics - From Fundamentals to Industrial Applications}, editor = {Steglich, Patrick and De Matteis, Fabio}, publisher = {IntechOpen}, address = {London}, isbn = {978-1-83881-157-0}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:526-opus4-18093}, publisher = {Technische Hochschule Wildau}, pages = {102}, year = {2019}, abstract = {Optical fibers in metrology, telecommunications, sensors, manufacturing, and health science have gained massive research interest. The number of applications is increasing at a fast pace. This book aims to present a collection of recent advances in fiber optics, addressing both fundamental and industrial applications. It covers the current progress and latest breakthroughs in emergent applications of fiber optics. The book includes five chapters on recent developments in optical fiber communications and fiber sensors, as well as the design, simulation, and fabrication of novel fiber concepts.}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{MasingLindnerLiebchen2023, author = {Masing, Berenike and Lindner, Niels and Liebchen, Christian}, title = {Integrating Line Planning for Construction Sites into Periodic Timetabling via Track Choice}, series = {23rd Symposium on Algorithmic Approaches for Transportation Modelling, Optimization, and Systems (ATMOS 2023)}, volume = {115}, booktitle = {23rd Symposium on Algorithmic Approaches for Transportation Modelling, Optimization, and Systems (ATMOS 2023)}, isbn = {978-3-95977-302-7}, issn = {2190-6807}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:526-opus4-17916}, pages = {5:1 -- 5:15}, year = {2023}, abstract = {We consider maintenance sites for urban rail systems, where unavailable tracks typically require changes to the regular timetable, and often even to the line plan. In this paper, we present an integrated mixed-integer linear optimization model to compute an optimal line plan that makes best use of the available tracks, together with a periodic timetable, including its detailed routing on the tracks within the stations. The key component is a flexible, turn-sensitive event-activity network that allows to integrate line planning and train routing using a track choice extension of the Periodic Event Scheduling Problem (PESP). Major goals are to maintain as much of the regular service as possible, and to keep the necessary changes rather local. Moreover, we present computational results on real construction site scenarios on the S-Bahn Berlin network. We demonstrate that this integrated problem is indeed solvable on practically relevant instances.}, language = {en} } @article{RadivoievychPrylutskaZolketal.2023, author = {Radivoievych, Aleksandar and Prylutska, Svitlana and Zolk, Oliver and Ritter, Uwe and Frohme, Marcus and Grebinyk, Anna}, title = {Comparison of Sonodynamic Treatment Set-Ups for Cancer Cells with Organic Sonosensitizers and Nanosonosensitizers}, series = {Pharmaceutics}, volume = {15}, journal = {Pharmaceutics}, number = {11}, publisher = {MDPI}, issn = {1999-4923}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:526-opus4-18223}, year = {2023}, abstract = {Cancer sonodynamic therapy (SDT) is the therapeutic strategy of a high-frequency ultrasound (US) combined with a special sonosensitizer that becomes cytotoxic upon US exposure. The growing number of newly discovered sonosensitizers and custom US in vitro treatment solutions push the SDT field into a need for systemic studies and reproducible in vitro experimental set-ups. In the current research, we aimed to compare two of the most used and suitable SDT in vitro set-ups—"sealed well" and "transducer in well"—in one systematic study. We assessed US pressure, intensity, and temperature distribution in wells under US irradiation. Treatment efficacy was evaluated for both set-ups towards cancer cell lines of different origins, treated with two promising sonosensitizer candidates—carbon nanoparticle C60 fullerene (C60) and herbal alkaloid berberine. C60 was found to exhibit higher sonotoxicity toward cancer cells than berberine. The higher efficacy of sonodynamic treatment with a "transducer in well" set-up than a "sealed well" set-up underlined its promising application for SDT in vitro studies. The "transducer in well" set-up is recommended for in vitro US treatment investigations based on its US-field homogeneity and pronounced cellular effects. Moreover, SDT with C60 and berberine could be exploited as a promising combinative approach for cancer treatment.}, language = {en} } @article{ShchotkinaPalamarchukSkorokhodetal.2023, author = {Shchotkina, Nataliia and Palamarchuk, Y. and Skorokhod, Iryna and Dolinchuk, Liudmyla and Sokol, Anatoliy and Motronenko, Valentina and Besarab, A. and Gorchakova, N. and Frohme, Marcus and Herzog, Michael}, title = {Features of technological regulation for cardiac bioimplants}, series = {Cell and Organ Transplantology}, volume = {11}, journal = {Cell and Organ Transplantology}, number = {1}, publisher = {Institute of Cell Therapy}, address = {Kiev}, issn = {2311-021X}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:526-opus4-18248}, pages = {26 -- 33}, year = {2023}, abstract = {Patients with congenital heart defects and cardiovascular diseases are required new approaches to surgical intervention. The use of biological cardiac implants, which are made from the extracellular matrix, is a promising trend in modern regenerative medicine. These bioimplants can completely replace defective tissue or organs, and when manufactured with strict protocols and quality control measures, can be safe and effective for therapeutic applications. The process of manufacturing bioimplants involves various risks that need to be assessed and mitigated with ongoing monitoring and evaluation necessary to ensure the highest standards of quality. Overall, this study was successfully evaluated the requirements for introducing a new medical device into practice and created a technical file that meets all necessary documentation for certification.}, language = {en} } @phdthesis{Tillich2015, author = {Tillich, Ulrich M.}, title = {Adaptive Evolution und Screening bei Cyanobakterien - Erzeugung und Untersuchung von Thermotoleranz in Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:526-opus4-18307}, school = {Technische Hochschule Wildau}, pages = {135}, year = {2015}, abstract = {Ziel dieser Arbeit war die Erh{\"o}hung der Temperaturtoleranz des Cyanobakteriums Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 mittels ungerichteter Mutagenese und adaptiver Evolution. Trotz des erneuten Interesses an Cyanobakterien und Mikroalgen in den letzten Jahren, gibt es nur relativ wenige aktuelle Studien zum Einsatz dieser Methoden an Cyanobakterien. Zur Analyse eines mittels Mutagenese erzeugten Gemischs an St{\"a}mmen, ist es von großem Vorteil Hochdurchsatz-Methoden zur Kultivierung und zum Screening einsetzen zu k{\"o}nnen. Auf Basis eines Pipettierroboters wurde solch eine Plattform f{\"u}r phototrophe Mikroorganismen neu entwickelt und folgend stetig verbessert. Die Kultivierung erfolgt in 2,2ml Deepwell-Mikrotiterplatten innerhalb einer speziell angefertigten Kultivierungskammer. Sch{\"u}ttelbedingungen, Beleuchtung, Temperatur und CO2-Atmosph{\"a}re sind hierbei vollst{\"a}ndig einstellbar.Die Plattform erlaubt semi-kontinuierliche Kultivierungen mit automatisierten Verd{\"u}nnungen von hunderten Kulturen gleichzeitig. Automatisierte Messungen des Wachstums, des Absorptionsspektrums, der Chlorophyllkonzentration, MALDI-TOF-MS sowie eines neu entwickelten Vitalit{\"a}tsassays wurden etabliert. F{\"u}r die Mutagenese wurden die Letalit{\"a}t- und die nicht-letale Punktmutationsrate von ultravioletter Strahlung und Methylmethansulfonat f{\"u}r Synechocystis charakterisiert. Synechocystis wurde mit den so ermittelten optimalen Dosen mehrfach behandelt und anschließend einer in vivo Selektion unterzogen. Somit wurde dessen Temperaturtoleranz um bis zu 3°C erh{\"o}ht. {\"U}ber die Screeningplattform wurden die thermotolerantesten monoklonalen St{\"a}mme identifiziert. Nach einer Validierung wurde das vollst{\"a}ndige Genom der St{\"a}mme sequenziert. Hierdurch wurden erstmals Mutationen in verschiedenen Genen mit der Langzeittemperaturtoleranz von Synechocystis in Verbindung gebracht. Bei einigen dieser Gene ist es sehr unwahrscheinlich, dass sie mittels anderer Verfahren h{\"a}tten identifiziert werden k{\"o}nnen.}, language = {de} } @article{JurkovičovaBenLtaiefRoosetal.2024, author = {Jurkovičov{\´a}, Lucie and Ben Ltaief, Ltaief and Roos, Andreas Hult and Hort, Ondřej and Finke, Ondřej and Albrecht, Martin and Hoque, Ziaul and Klimešov{\´a}, Eva and Sundaralingam, Akgash and Antipenkov, Roman and Grenfell, Annika and Špaček, Alexandr and Szuba, Wojciech and Krikunova, Maria and Mudrich, Marcel and Nejdl, Jaroslav and Andreasson, Jakob}, title = {Bright continuously tunable vacuum ultraviolet source for ultrafast spectroscopy}, series = {Communications Physics}, volume = {7}, journal = {Communications Physics}, publisher = {Nature Publishing Group}, issn = {2399-3650}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:526-opus4-18462}, year = {2024}, abstract = {Ultrafast electron dynamics drive phenomena such as photochemical reactions, catalysis, and light harvesting. To capture such dynamics in real-time, femtosecond to attosecond light sources are extensively used. However, an exact match between the excitation photon energy and a characteristic resonance is crucial. High-harmonic generation sources are advantageous in terms of pulse duration but limited in spectral tunability in the vacuum ultraviolet range. Here, we present a monochromatic femtosecond source continuously tunable around 21eV photon energy utilizing the second harmonic of an optical parametric chirped pulse amplification laser system to drive high-harmonic generation. The unique tunability of the source is verified in an experiment probing the interatomic Coulombic decay in doped He nanodroplets across the He absorption bands. Moreover, we achieved intensities sufficient for driving collective processes in multiply excited helium nanodroplets, which have been previously observed only at free electron lasers.}, language = {en} } @article{LiskerKalishettyhalliMahadevaiahDoraiSwamyReddy2023, author = {Lisker, Marco and Kalishettyhalli Mahadevaiah, Mamathamba and Dorai Swamy Reddy, Keerthi}, title = {Plasma-enhanced atomic layer deposition of silicon nitride for front-end-of-line applications}, series = {Journal of Vacuum Science \& Technology A}, volume = {41}, journal = {Journal of Vacuum Science \& Technology A}, number = {4}, publisher = {American Vacuum Society (AVS)}, issn = {0734-2101}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:526-opus4-17699}, year = {2023}, abstract = {SiN deposition at low temperatures using the plasma-enhanced atomic layer deposition (PEALD) process is gaining momentum. A high-quality SiN layer deposited using a lower thermal budget and low wet etch rates are desired for front-end-of-line applications in semiconductor industries. In this study, deposition of PEALD SiN is investigated by utilizing a highly reactive trisilylamine silicon precursor and three different reaction partners for a nitrogen precursor. The quality of PEALD SiN layers is compared with the reference standard, low-pressure chemical vapor deposition SiN layers. The properties of different SiN layers are interpreted using FTIR and XPS material characterization techniques. Furthermore, the wet etch rates of as-deposited and annealed PEALD SiN layers are investigated. Finally, the conformality of PEALD SiN layers is assessed in trench and horizontal high aspect ratio structures.}, language = {en} } @article{MedinaLagdsmandBenLtaiefetal.2023, author = {Medina, Cristian and L{\ae}gdsmand, Asbj{\o}rn {\O}rnemark and Ben Ltaief, Ltaief and Hoque, Ziaul and Roos, Andreas Hult and Jurkovičov{\´a}, Lucie and Hort, Ondřej and Finke, Ondřej and Albrecht, Martin and Nejdl, Jaroslav and Stienkemeier, Frank and Andreasson, Jakob and Klimešov{\´a}, Eva and Krikunova, Maria and Heidenreich, Andreas and Mudrich, Marcel}, title = {Long-lasting XUV activation of helium nanodroplets for avalanche ionization}, series = {New Journal of Physics}, volume = {25}, journal = {New Journal of Physics}, publisher = {Institute of Physics (IOP)}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:526-opus4-17701}, year = {2023}, abstract = {We study the dynamics of avalanche ionization of pure helium nanodroplets activated by a weak extreme-ultraviolet (XUV) pulse and driven by an intense near-infrared (NIR) pulse. In addition to a transient enhancement of ignition of a nanoplasma at short delay times \${\sim}200\$ fs, long-term activation of the nanodroplets lasting up to a few nanoseconds is observed. Molecular dynamics simulations suggest that the short-term activation is caused by the injection of seed electrons into the droplets by XUV photoemission. Long-term activation appears due to electrons remaining loosely bound to photoions which form stable 'snowball' structures in the droplets. Thus, we show that XUV irradiation can induce long-lasting changes of the strong-field optical properties of nanoparticles, potentially opening new routes to controlling avalanche-ionization phenomena in nanostructures and condensed-phase systems.}, language = {en} } @article{SchillingBeyerleinChien2023, author = {Schilling, Vincent and Beyerlein, Peter and Chien, Jeremy}, title = {A Bioinformatics Analysis of Ovarian Cancer Data Using Machine Learning}, series = {Algorithms}, volume = {16}, journal = {Algorithms}, number = {7}, publisher = {MDPI}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:526-opus4-17751}, year = {2023}, abstract = {The identification of biomarkers is crucial for cancer diagnosis, understanding the underlying biological mechanisms, and developing targeted therapies. In this study, we propose a machine learning approach to predict ovarian cancer patients' outcomes and platinum resistance status using publicly available gene expression data. Six classical machine-learning algorithms are compared on their predictive performance. Those with the highest score are analyzed by their feature importance using the SHAP algorithm. We were able to select multiple genes that correlated with the outcome and platinum resistance status of the patients and validated those using Kaplan-Meier plots. In comparison to similar approaches, the performance of the models was higher, and different genes using feature importance analysis were identified. The most promising identified genes that could be used as biomarkers are TMEFF2, ACSM3, SLC4A1, and ALDH4A1.}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{RuetherKindelBrauchle2013, author = {R{\"u}ther-Kindel, Wolfgang and Brauchle, J{\"o}rg}, title = {The SALSA project - high-end aerial 3D camera}, series = {The International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences}, volume = {XL-1/W2}, booktitle = {The International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences}, publisher = {Copernicus Publications ; International Society of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing (ISPRS)}, issn = {2194-9034}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:526-opus4-17767}, pages = {343 -- 348}, year = {2013}, abstract = {The ATISS measurement drone, developed at the University of Applied Sciences Wildau, is an electrical powered motor glider with a maximum take-off weight of 25 kg including a payload capacity of 10 kg. Two 2.5 kW engines enable ultra short take-off procedures and the motor glider design results in a 1 h endurance. The concept of ATISS is based on the idea to strictly separate between aircraft and payload functions, which makes ATISS a very flexible research platform for miscellaneous payloads. ATISS is equipped with an autopilot for autonomous flight patterns but under permanent pilot control from the ground. On the basis of ATISS the project SALSA was undertaken. The aim was to integrate a system for digital terrain modelling. Instead of a laser scanner a new design concept was chosen based on two synchronized high resolution digital cameras, one in a fixed nadir orientation and the other in a oblique orientation. Thus from every object on the ground images from different view angles are taken. This new measurement camera system MACS-TumbleCam was developed at the German Aerospace Center DLR Berlin-Adlershof especially for the ATISS payload concept. Special advantage in comparison to laser scanning is the fact, that instead of a cloud of points a surface including texture is generated and a high-end inertial orientation system can be omitted. The first test flights show a ground resolution of 2 cm and height resolution of 3 cm, which underline the extraordinary capabilities of ATISS and the MACS measurement camera system.}, language = {en} } @article{BoehmeNemakLietzauetal.2021, author = {B{\"o}hme, Andrea and Nemak, Detlef and Lietzau, Kai-Henning and Wolf, Eckart and Foitzik, Andreas}, title = {Adaption of 3D Printing for Rapid Tooling}, series = {Materials Science Forum}, volume = {1016}, journal = {Materials Science Forum}, publisher = {Trans Tech Publications}, issn = {0255-5476}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:526-opus4-18784}, pages = {280 -- 285}, year = {2021}, abstract = {Over the course of the last decade 3D printing has become a more established technology in terms of prototype development (rapid prototyping). The current effort is focused on transferring this knowhow into a product driven approach in order to manufacture even small batch sizes more economic. In terms of this work, this idea is adapted for the development of injection molds (rapid manufacturing). Hereby, a hardened polymer is used to create a forming cavity instead of tool-steel. In order to fulfil the mechanical process requirements of micro injection molding such as form stability under temperature and pressure this cavity is nevertheless integrated into a metal housing. A first set of experiments has been carried out using this develop mold to verify the capabilities of the developed prototype as well as molding process. Based on these first results, an optimization is carried out to improve the next iteration of this molding tool.}, language = {en} } @article{PrylutskaGrebinykPonomarenkoetal.2024, author = {Prylutska, Svitlana and Grebinyk, Anna and Ponomarenko, Stanislav and G{\"o}vem, Defne and Chumachenko, Vasyl and Kutsevol, Nataliya and Petrovsky, Mykola and Ritter, Uwe and Frohme, Marcus and Piosik, Jacek and Prylutskyy, Yuriy}, title = {Toxicity of Water-Soluble D-g-PNIPAM Polymers in a Complex with Chemotherapy Drugs and Mechanism of Their Action In Vitro}, series = {International Journal of Molecular Sciences}, volume = {25}, journal = {International Journal of Molecular Sciences}, number = {5}, publisher = {MDPI}, issn = {1422-0067}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:526-opus4-18790}, year = {2024}, abstract = {The application of a biocompatible polymer nanocarrier can provide target delivery to tumor tissues, improved pharmacokinetics, controlled drug release, etc. Therefore, the proposed strategy was to use the water-soluble star-like copolymers with a Dextran core and Poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) grafts (D-g-PNIPAM) for conjugation with the widely used chemotherapy drugs in oncology-Cisplatin (Cis-Pt) and Doxorubicin (Dox). The molecular characteristics of the copolymer were received using size-exclusion chromatography. The physicochemical characterization of the D-g-PNIPAM-Cis-Pt (or Dox) nanosystem was conducted using dynamic light scattering and FTIR spectroscopy. Using traditional biochemical methods, a comparative analysis of the enhancement of the cytotoxic effect of free Cis-Pt and Dox in combination with D-g-PNIPAM copolymers was performed in cancer cells of the Lewis lung carcinoma line, which are both sensitive and resistant to Dox; in addition, the mechanism of their action in vitro was evaluated.}, language = {en} } @article{SchlegelKrumnowBoehmeetal.2021, author = {Schlegel, Susanne and Krumnow, Erik and B{\"o}hme, Andrea and Minieri, Marilena and Foitzik, Andreas}, title = {Miniaturized Blood Sampling System with Integrated Sample Preparation}, series = {Materials Science Forum}, volume = {1016}, journal = {Materials Science Forum}, publisher = {Trans Tech Publications}, issn = {0255-5476}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:526-opus4-18812}, pages = {1280 -- 1284}, year = {2021}, abstract = {Blood sampling as well as sample preparation are time consuming and requires a strict procedure, which is generally performed by medical trained personal. Not carrying out the procedure correctly could result in an infection of the patient or contamination of the sample itself. These limitations should be especially considered in case of pandemic outbreaks. In order to handle such a high number of patients a novel sample preparation system paired with modern blood sampling procedure is necessary. For this reason, a new device for blood sampling and preparation is designed containing an integrated microfluidic system. The fabrication is carried out by utilizing micro moulding of PDMS as well as micro milling. A first set of initial experiments as part of a first-generation study shows promising results. However, further steps of optimisation considering flow time and preparation cycle are part of a second-generation study.}, language = {en} } @article{KlimesovaRoosHoqueetal.2024, author = {Klimesov{\´a}, Eva and Roos, Andreas Hult and Hoque, Ziaul and Smijesh, N. and Squibb, R.J. and Coudert-Alteirac, H. and Feifel, R. and Andreasson, Jakob and Krikunova, Maria}, title = {Update on MAC End-Station at ELI Beamlines Facility}, series = {Acta Physica Polonica A}, volume = {145}, journal = {Acta Physica Polonica A}, number = {2}, publisher = {Institute of Physics (IOP) and Polish Physical Society}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:526-opus4-18840}, pages = {118 -- 122}, year = {2024}, abstract = {The MAC end-station at the ELI Beamlines facility is a multipurpose user's station for atomic, molecular, and optical sciences and coherent diffractive imaging. The technical design of the station, the available instruments, and an overview of the whole beamline have been published in Eur. Phys. J. Spec. Top. 230, 4183 (2021). Here, we address ongoing upgrades of the MAC end-station that will provide users with advanced capabilities for beam manipulation and electron/ion detection. The upgrades include (i) the installation of a beam preparation chamber in front of the MAC chamber, (ii) a magnetic bottle electron spectrometer with high collection and detection efficiency and high energy resolution, and (iii) an event-driven TPX3CAM detector for velocity map imaging spectrometer, which provides both spatial and temporal information for each pixel. We present results from the first commissioning measurements with these instruments, confirming their performance for state-of-the-art experiments in atomic, molecular, and optical sciences.}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{KupperMuehligJakobeschky2024, author = {Kupper, Stefan and M{\"u}hlig, Verena and Jakobeschky, Laura}, title = {AD3D - Eine automatisierte Toolchain f{\"u}r das 3D-Drucken}, series = {Tagungsband AALE 2024 : Fit f{\"u}r die Zukunft: Praktische L{\"o}sungen f{\"u}r die industrielle Automation}, booktitle = {Tagungsband AALE 2024 : Fit f{\"u}r die Zukunft: Praktische L{\"o}sungen f{\"u}r die industrielle Automation}, editor = {Reiff-Stephan, J{\"o}rg and J{\"a}kel, Jens and St{\"o}cker, Christian}, publisher = {Hochschule f{\"u}r Technik, Wirtschaft und Kultur}, address = {Leipzig}, isbn = {978-3-910103-02-3}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:526-opus4-18553}, pages = {259 -- 263}, year = {2024}, abstract = {Der technische Fortschritt hat dazu gef{\"u}hrt, dass die Kosten f{\"u}r das automatisierte Drucken von Emblemen, Anh{\"a}ngern sowie allgemein gedruckten Prototypen stark gefallen sind. Dies geschah insbesondere auch vor dem Hintergrund eines Wandels der Industrie hin zu einer modernen Industrie 4.0. In dieser Arbeit wird ein neuer Ansatz f{\"u}r das automatische 3D-Drucken eines Logos pr{\"a}sentiert, welches als Pixelgrafik vorliegt. Die vorgeschlagene Prozesskette erzeugt hierbei final den G-code zum Drucken. Dabei sind seitens des Users wenige Eingaben erforderlich.}, language = {de} } @article{GrytsenkoKolomzarovLytvynetal.2023, author = {Grytsenko, Kostyantyn and Kolomzarov, Yurii and Lytvyn, Peter and Kondratenko, Olga and Sopinskyy, Mykola and Lebedyeva, Iryna and Niemczyk, Agata and Baranowska, Jolanta and Moszyński, Dariusz and Villringer, Claus and Schrader, Sigurd}, title = {Optical and Mechanical Properties of Thin PTFE Films, Deposited from a Gas Phase}, series = {Macromolecular Materials and Engineering}, volume = {308}, journal = {Macromolecular Materials and Engineering}, number = {6}, publisher = {Wiley}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:526-opus4-17587}, year = {2023}, abstract = {Thin polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) films are produced by deposition from a gas phase by two methods: electron-enhanced vacuum deposition (EVD) and EVD + low-temperature plasma (LTP). Structure, morphology, and composition of the films are studied by IR spectroscopy, atomic force microscopy, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. They are close to the structure of bulk PTFE. The roughness of the films' surface is changed with gas pressure and LTP power variations. Films are transparent from UV to near-infrared regions. Refractive and extinction indices and their anisotropy are measured by spectral ellipsometry. They are tuned by variations of deposition conditions. Hardness and Young modulus of the films are increased if EVD + low power LTP is used for film deposition. Use of EVD + LTP also increases thermal stability of the films. Contact angle of the films corresponds to the bulk PTFE. The PTFE molecules oriented are preferentially in perpendicular direction to the substrate surface.}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{PianowskiKamenzkyBlaschke2022, author = {Pianowski, Robin and Kamenzky, Robert and Blaschke, Peter}, title = {Schwingungsbasierte Schadensdetektion an Eisenbahnradreifen}, series = {Open Conference Proceedings}, volume = {2}, booktitle = {Open Conference Proceedings}, publisher = {TIB Open Publishing}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:526-opus4-17639}, pages = {181 -- 186}, year = {2022}, abstract = {Die Verkehrswende bedingt einen Ausbau des Schienen-Personenverkehrs. Eine in situ Schadenserkennung w{\"a}hrend des Betriebs kann einen Beitrag zur Kapazit{\"a}tserh{\"o}hung und Sicherheit im Schienenverkehr liefern. Im Vortrag werden Forschungen bez{\"u}glich einer schwingungsbasierten, zerst{\"o}rungsfreien Methode zur Detektion von Radreifensch{\"a}den vorgestellt. {\"U}ber eine Transferpfadanalyse (TPA) wird auf den K{\"o}rperschall jedes Rades w{\"a}hrend der {\"U}berfahrt r{\"u}ckberechnet. Mit dem synthetisierten K{\"o}rperschall wird mittels des akustischen Resonanztests die Schadensidentifikation durchgef{\"u}hrt.}, language = {de} } @inproceedings{MillauerJacobsHeinetal.2022, author = {Millauer, Jan and Jacobs, Hannes and Hein, J{\"o}rg-Helge and Brendler, Alina and Minieri, Marilena and Foitzik, Andreas}, title = {Validation of an Innovative Passive Collector for Pollutant Analysis in Groundwater}, series = {Open Conference Proceedings}, volume = {2}, booktitle = {Open Conference Proceedings}, publisher = {TIB Open Publishing}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:526-opus4-17660}, pages = {205 -- 207}, year = {2022}, abstract = {A passive pipe sampler device for contaminant analysis in groundwater was developed which create a permanent sampling flow from groundwater and in addition to temperature, conductivity and pressure, now also has room for specific sorbents. The large surface of the adsorber offers more binding surface for the analyte and the constant movement of the sorbent with fresh groundwater also provides homogeneous binding. The spectroscopic analyses at the monitoring site of the pipe passive sampler for groundwater monitoring points enables a measurement-based validation of the sorbent circulation as an alternative to a visual assessment. The optimum pump speed for the sorbens Lewatit® M500 and SR7 was evaluated. The 42mm slim measuring device allows the use in DN50 monitoring well and thus allows the setup of a closer measuring network.}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{KupperFroehlichReiffStephan2024, author = {Kupper, Stefan and Fr{\"o}hlich, Stefan and Reiff-Stephan, J{\"o}rg}, title = {Ein neuer Sensoransatz f{\"u}r die Feinpositionierung eines O-Bus Stromabnehmers}, series = {Tagungsband AALE 2024 : Fit f{\"u}r die Zukunft: Praktische L{\"o}sungen f{\"u}r die industrielle Automation}, booktitle = {Tagungsband AALE 2024 : Fit f{\"u}r die Zukunft: Praktische L{\"o}sungen f{\"u}r die industrielle Automation}, editor = {Reiff-Stephan, J{\"o}rg and J{\"a}kel, Jens and St{\"o}cker, Christian}, publisher = {Hochschule f{\"u}r Technik, Wirtschaft und Kultur}, address = {Leipzig}, isbn = {978-3-910103-02-3}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:526-opus4-18582}, pages = {359 -- 364}, year = {2024}, abstract = {Urbane Mobilit{\"a}t insbesondere der innerst{\"a}dtischen Personentransport wird auch zuk{\"u}nftig ein besonderes Augenmerk unter dem Eindruck nachhaltiger Nutzung von Energiesystemen haben. Hierbei besitzt der {\"o}ffentliche Personennahverkehr({\"O}PNV) ein großes Potential zur großskaligen Minderung des Kohlendioxid ausstoßes. Ein sehr wichtiges Konzept hierbei ist der Oberleitungsbus der ganz analog zu einer Straßenbahn {\"u}ber eine Oberleitung fahrbahnbegleitend mit Strom versorgt wird. Da der Bus naturgem{\"a}ß nicht schienengebunden f{\"a}hrt und somit ein gewisses Maß an Positionsungenauigkeit besitzt, ist das Eindrahten an die Oberleitung allerdings erschwert. In dieser Arbeit pr{\"a}sentieren wir einen Regelungsansatz basierend auf einer neuartigen Sensorkonfiguration, der das automatische Eindrahten eines Stromabnehmers auf einem Bus erm{\"o}glichen kann.}, language = {de} } @article{SchattschneiderPiontekJacobsetal.2024, author = {Schattschneider, Christoph and Piontek, Sina and Jacobs, Hannes and B{\"o}hme, Andrea and Sirena, Concetta and Foitzik, Andreas}, title = {Proof of Principle of Wastewater Treatment using Plasma Discharge to Reduce the Amount of Methylparaben}, series = {Athens Journal of Sciences}, volume = {11}, journal = {Athens Journal of Sciences}, number = {1}, publisher = {Athens Institute for Education and Research}, issn = {2241-8466}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:526-opus4-18649}, pages = {29 -- 38}, year = {2024}, abstract = {Synthetic substances like many pharmaceuticals, preservatives or other chemical compounds are actually very difficult to handle in sewage treatment. These compounds are very stable in aqueous solution and their degradation reactions are insufficient. Therefore, to eliminate these substances from wastewater additional afford is necessary. Extreme conditions like pH value, redox potential, chemical or physical energy need to be present. With our study we try to show that the use of plasma discharge could be a solution to this problem. Using the example of methylparaben, a preservative, we could show, that the physical energy of plasma discharge is able to initialize the degradation reaction in aqueous environment. The concentration was reduced by up to 70 percent in our setting depending on the treatment duration. Overall, the system showed potential to optimize wastewater treatment. Further examinations are necessary for example regarding undesirable by-products.}, language = {en} } @article{GloesBoehmeLiebscheretal.2018, author = {Gl{\"o}s, Franziska and B{\"o}hme, Andrea and Liebscher, Thilo and Zinn, Steffen and Richetta, Maria and Foitzik, Andreas}, title = {Analyte Tracking for Novel Bio-Applications}, series = {Materials Science Forum}, volume = {941}, journal = {Materials Science Forum}, publisher = {Trans Tech Publications}, issn = {0255-5476}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:526-opus4-18676}, pages = {2454 -- 2457}, year = {2018}, abstract = {Modern cell culture as well as sophisticated bio-applications involve complex biochemical processes, which are required to induce growth, product development or material degradation. Tracking the reaction processes inside the application presents a major challenge due to its complexity. The development of new analysis and tracking mechanisms for such application presents a solution to fully understand the process. In addition, the applied sensors are required to monitor the reactions enable a live tracking of the process. Furthermore, this gives the opportunity to influence and manipulate reactions to further enhance the application of the process. Possible analytes for tracking during processes can be chemical origin such as glucose, cytokines, antibiotics and growth factors, which are included in the culture medium. Based on the complexity of the culture or bio-application the sensor tracking mechanism has to be adapted to ensure full process control. A variety of different approaches can be used for the tracking mechanism.}, language = {en} } @article{SchneiderSeligKeiletal.2018, author = {Schneider, Sylvio and Selig, Martina and Keil, Verena and Lehmann, Matthias and Foitzik, Andreas and Casalboni, Mauro and Richetta, Maria}, title = {Development of a Smartphone Based Reader for the Quantitative Analysis of Lateral Flow Assays}, series = {Materials Science Forum}, volume = {941}, journal = {Materials Science Forum}, publisher = {Trans Tech Publications}, issn = {0255-5476}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:526-opus4-18688}, pages = {2522 -- 2527}, year = {2018}, abstract = {Smartphones are developing into all-purposes devices. In the present work, the employment/application of smartphones as medical devices in home care and point-of-care (POC) diagnostics are investigated in the analysis of Lateral Flow Assays (LFA). A smartphone-based LFA reader was developed for the quantitative analysis of D-Dimer - a biomarker indicating e.g. thrombotic event or danger of embolism.The proof-of-concept has been shown with multiple smartphones in establishing: (I) Optimal dimensions of the LFA cell of 72.11mm distance of smartphone to D-Dimer test leading to a coefficients of variances (CV) between 0.8\% and 4.2\%. (II) Inter-device investigations: CVs around 13.5\%; a limit of detection (LOD) of 100ng/ml (DDU) D-Dimer. (III) Inter-smartphone investigations: CV about 16\%, a limit of detection (LOD) at 66.4ng/ml (DDU). (IV) Calibrations: CV and LOD of three smartphones are comparable to the commercial available LFA reader. Further development to put the multiple smartphone-based LFA reader on the market.}, language = {en} } @article{BoehmeSchuetzeSaueretal.2018, author = {B{\"o}hme, Andrea and Sch{\"u}tze, Felix and Sauer, Sabine and Foitzik, Andreas}, title = {Fabrication and Validation by Micromilling for Bioreactor Prototyping}, series = {Materials Science Forum}, volume = {941}, journal = {Materials Science Forum}, publisher = {Trans Tech Publications}, issn = {0255-5476}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:526-opus4-18699}, pages = {2448 -- 2453}, year = {2018}, abstract = {Bioreactor systems for cultivating cells in Life Sciences have been widely used for decades. Recently, there is a trend towards miniaturization, disposables and even micro platforms that fulfill increasing demands strongly aiming for production and testing of novel pharmaceutical products. Miniaturized bioreactors allow low power consumption, portability and reduced space requirements and utilize smaller volumes of reagents and samples [1,2]. A recursive strategy is necessary for optimizing the design and the manufacture of such miniaturized bioreactors. For the fabrication of these prototypes utilized micro-milling. Micro milling is a mechanical process which is commonly applied to create micro-structures in metals, e.g. aluminum and steel, or polymers, e.g. poly carbonate substrates. The structures and geometries are generated by utilizing computer aided design. By means of computer-aided manufacturing, the machining operations are implemented and then transferred to the machine tool. The machine tool moves the cutting tools with certain speeds, feeds and traverse ranges to the substrate. Micro milling has the advantage that the materials are generally not degraded by chemical substances, heating procedures or electromagnetic radiation.}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{AlekseevaReshetnikFrohmeetal.2023, author = {Alekseeva, Victoriia and Reshetnik, Viktor and Frohme, Marcus and Kachailo, Irina and Murizyna, Irina and Nechyporenko, Alina}, title = {Investigation of the Impact of Insulin Resistance on the Bone Density of the Upper Wall of the Maxillary Sinus}, series = {Proceedings of the 3rd International Workshop of IT-professionals on Artificial Intelligence, ProfIT AI 2023, Waterloo, Canada, November 20-22, 2023}, volume = {3641}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 3rd International Workshop of IT-professionals on Artificial Intelligence, ProfIT AI 2023, Waterloo, Canada, November 20-22, 2023}, editor = {Chumachenko, Dmytro and Kaur, Jasleen and Yakovlev, Sergiy and Morita, Plinio P.}, publisher = {CEUR-WS.org}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:0074-3641-3}, pages = {216 -- 223}, year = {2023}, abstract = {The aim of our study was to investigate the impact of insulin resistance on the bone density of the upper wall of the maxillary sinus. Materials and Methods: The study included 100 female participants aged 18 to 44 years, divided into two groups. The first group consisted of individuals with insulin resistance, while the control group comprised individuals without signs of insulin resistance. In each group, we conducted an investigation of the radiological density of the upper wall of the maxillary sinus using uncertainty calculations. Results of the study suggest a potential influence of insulin resistance on the density of bone tissue around the nasal sinuses, specifically the upper wall of the maxillary sinus in our case. This parameter was found to be minimal in the group of individuals with insulin resistance. It is particularly noteworthy that both minimum and maximum bone density decreased in this group. Conclusions. The research focused on how insulin resistance affects the density of the upper wall of the maxillary sinus. By employing uncertainty calculations, the study revealed that insulin resistance is associated with a decrease in the minimum density of the upper wall of the maxillary sinus. This tendency may act as a catalyst for the emergence of significant inflammatory alterations in the nasal sinuses, serving as a foundation for the initiation of complications.}, language = {en} } @article{GottschalkKrumnowLietzauetal.2018, author = {Gottschalk, Josefine Johanna and Krumnow, Erik and Lietzau, Kai-Henning and Foitzik, Andreas and Richetta, Maria}, title = {Monitoring of Cytotoxic Induced Cellular Displacements by Utilizing Electronic Speckle Pattern Interferometry}, series = {Materials Science Forum}, volume = {941}, journal = {Materials Science Forum}, publisher = {Trans Tech Publications}, issn = {0255-5476}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:526-opus4-18728}, pages = {2513 -- 2517}, year = {2018}, abstract = {Modern medical science delivers through innovative chemical or mechanical/physical means new strategies to treat patients mildly and fight diseases accurately. In line with this development a screening procedure for tissue samples under usage of the electronic speckle pattern interferometry is developed at the University of Applied Science Wildau. The paper at hand provides the corner stone for such a procedure in form of an incubation system that is adapted to the properties of an electronic speckle pattern interferometer and allows the incubation as well as study of samples over time. As a result the developed system can regulate its own temperature and is constructed for use in an electronic speckle pattern interferometry (ESPI) setup. Its design allows a simple modular approach for further development.}, language = {en} } @article{MatuschekLiebscherSantoetal.2018, author = {Matuschek, Nelson and Liebscher, Thilo and Santo, Loredana and Foitzik, Andreas}, title = {Online Glucose Measurement in DMEM for In Vitro Cell Culture}, series = {Materials Science Forum}, volume = {941}, journal = {Materials Science Forum}, publisher = {Trans Tech Publications}, issn = {0255-5476}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:526-opus4-18734}, pages = {2501 -- 2506}, year = {2018}, abstract = {In-vitro cell culture offers the ability to grow individual cells and monitor their behaviour in a controlled environment over a certain time. During culture, different parameters have to be controlled to ensure a vital growth of cells. The most important parameters are temperature, pH-value, oxygen and carbon dioxide levels as well as the glucose concentration. All of these parameters influence the growth ability of the cell culture and should be monitored online. The online monitoring of glucose was achieved with a novel GOD based sensor which enabled a real-time measurement of glucose during cell culture. A first-time characterisation of the sensor was carried out in the culture medium DMEM. In addition, material properties of the culture system were investigated. At first to establish a baseline measurement, the sensor was placed in different glucose concentrations dissolved in Water-KCl mixture at 25 °C inside a batch chamber under constant stirring. Afterwards, the temperature was increased to 37 °C to simulate a cell culture environment. In addition, the system was transferred into a flow-through reaction chamber. The highest response signal and the most stable signal was achieved at 37 °C with DMEM during flow-through measurement. Based on these measurements online glucose monitoring in cell culture was possible to determine the glucose consumption for each cell which is important for future human-on-a-chip devices to prevent diabetic metabolisms.}, language = {en} } @article{LobsteinZinnMinierietal.2018, author = {Lobstein, Susanne and Zinn, Steffen and Minieri, Marilena and Foitzik, Andreas}, title = {Sample Analysis for Novel Medical Applications}, series = {Materials Science Forum}, volume = {941}, journal = {Materials Science Forum}, publisher = {Trans Tech Publications}, issn = {0255-5476}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:526-opus4-18749}, pages = {2518 -- 2521}, year = {2018}, abstract = {The sample preparation for biological and chemical probes involves following a strict workflow to eliminate any contamination to the sample beforehand. Furthermore, it is time consuming and must be carried out by trained personnel such as a nurse or other supervisors, making it therefore expensive. The development of novel sample preparation techniques paired with modern sample analysis systems is focused on improving the operability while keeping a constant quality of results. This is important to analyse samples, which cannot be determined with current screening conditions. The analysis of analytes is required to receive a more detailed picture of the patient and to fully understand its complexity. Possible samples for in-depth analysis of chemical origin can be cholesterol or glucose. More complex samples, such as blood or saliva, require a sophisticated system, which analyses the samples for their individual compounds.}, language = {en} } @article{GavrylenkoPoltoratskyiNechyporenko2024, author = {Gavrylenko, Svitlana and Poltoratskyi, Vadym and Nechyporenko, Alina}, title = {Intrusion Detection Model Based on Improved Transformer}, series = {Advanced Information Systems}, volume = {8}, journal = {Advanced Information Systems}, number = {1}, publisher = {National Technical University Kharkiv Polytechnic Institute}, issn = {2522-9052}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:526-opus4-18750}, pages = {94 -- 99}, year = {2024}, abstract = {The object of the study is the process of identifying the state of a computer network. The subject of the study are the methods of identifying the state of computer networks. The purpose of the paper is to improve the efficacy of intrusion detection in computer networks by developing a method based on transformer models. The results obtained. The work analyzes traditional machine learning algorithms, deep learning methods and considers the advantages of using transformer models. A method for detecting intrusions in computer networks is proposed. This method differs from known approaches by utilizing the Vision Transformer for Small-size Datasets (ViTSD) deep learning algorithm. The method incorporates procedures to reduce the correlation of input data and transform data into a specific format required for model operations. The developed methods are implemented using Python and the GOOGLE COLAB cloud service with Jupyter Notebook. Conclusions. Experiments confirmed the efficiency of the proposed method. The use of the developed method based on the ViTSD algorithm and the data preprocessing procedure increases the model's accuracy to 98.7\%. This makes it possible to recommend it for practical use, in order to improve the accuracy of identifying the state of a computer system.}, language = {en} } @article{KallabisBeyerleinLisdat2024, author = {Kallabis, Conrad and Beyerlein, Peter and Lisdat, Fred}, title = {Quantitative determination of dopamine in the presence of interfering substances supported by machine learning tools}, series = {Bioelectrochemistry}, volume = {157}, journal = {Bioelectrochemistry}, number = {108667}, issn = {1567-5394}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:526-opus4-19277}, year = {2024}, abstract = {In the field of neuroscience as well as in the clinical setting, the neurotransmitter dopamine (DA) is an analyte which is important for research as well as medical purposes. There are plenty of methods available to measure dopamine quantitatively, with voltammetric ones such as differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) being among the most convenient and simple ones. However, dopamine often occurs, either naturally or because of the requirements of involved enzymatic systems, alongside substances that can influence the signal it produces upon electrochemical conversion. An example for such substances is the magnesium ion, which itself is not electrochemically active in the potential range needed for DA oxidation, but influences the dopamine signal. We have characterized the properties of DPV signals subject to the interaction between DA and Mg2+ and show that, although these properties are changing in a nonlinear fashion when both concentrations are varying, relatively simple linear mathematical models can be used to determine dopamine concentrations quantitatively in the presence of magnesium ions. The focus of this study is thus, the mathematical treatment of experimental data in order to overcome an analytical problem and not the investigation of the chemical background of DA-Mg2+ interaction.}, language = {en} }