@article{SchueteBuerklen2025, author = {Sch{\"u}te, Nicolas and B{\"u}rklen, Anna}, title = {A cross-case comparison of the use of shared mobility services in Germany}, series = {Transportation Research Procedia}, volume = {82}, journal = {Transportation Research Procedia}, publisher = {Elsevier}, issn = {2352-1465}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:526-opus4-19865}, pages = {3215 -- 3236}, year = {2025}, abstract = {E-scooter and e-bike shared mobility systems are now available in many cities worldwide as a low-threshold mobility offering for a broad mass. In Germany, e-scooter shared mobility systems have been established for the first time in 2019 in large cities, primarily in inner-city areas. In the meantime, various shared mobility service providers have expanded to small towns and the outskirts of large cities with different supply strategies. Therefore, this paper aims to investigate the different aspects, such as pricing models and parking regulations that affect the usage of such services in the outskirts. For this purpose, the provided data of an e-scooter and e-bike shared mobility service provider has been analyzed. The results show that shared mobility service provider can profit from extending their supply strategies to outskirts due to similar user behaviour compared to inner-city areas. Compared to other outskirts with a lower price, a higher price does not necessarily result in lower demand. Thus, the demand on the outskirts is not necessarily price-driven but rather depends on local factors. In addition, there was a strong tendency to use e-scooters compared to e-bikes. In all case studies, an almost identical relationship between residents and users could be determined.}, language = {en} } @article{PrzymusRykaczewskiMartinSeguraetal.2025, author = {Przymus, Piotr and Rykaczewski, Krzysztof and Mart{\´i}n-Segura, Adri{\´a}n and Truu, Jaak and De Santa Pau, Enrique Carrillo and Kolev, Mikhail and Naskinova, Irina and Gruca, Aleksandra and Sampri, Alexia and Frohme, Marcus and Nechyporenko, Alina}, title = {Deep Learning in Microbiome Analysis: A Comprehensive Review of Neural Network Models}, series = {Frontiers in Microbiology}, volume = {15}, journal = {Frontiers in Microbiology}, publisher = {Frontiers}, issn = {1664-302X}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:526-opus4-19889}, year = {2025}, abstract = {Microbiome research, the study of microbial communities in diverse environments, has seen significant advances due to the integration of deep learning (DL) methods. These computational techniques have become essential for addressing the inherent complexity and high-dimensionality of microbiome data, which consist of different types of omics datasets. Deep learning algorithms have shown remarkable capabilities in pattern recognition, feature extraction, and predictive modeling, enabling researchers to uncover hidden relationships within microbial ecosystems. By automating the detection of functional genes, microbial interactions, and host-microbiome dynamics, DL methods offer unprecedented precision in understanding microbiome composition and its impact on health, disease, and the environment. However, despite their potential, deep learning approaches face significant challenges in microbiome research. Additionally, the biological variability in microbiome datasets requires tailored approaches to ensure robust and generalizable outcomes. As microbiome research continues to generate vast and complex datasets, addressing these challenges will be crucial for advancing microbiological insights and translating them into practical applications with DL. This review provides an overview of different deep learning models in microbiome research, discussing their strengths, practical uses, and implications for future studies. We examine how these models are being applied to solve key problems and highlight potential pathways to overcome current limitations, emphasizing the transformative impact DL could have on the field moving forward.}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{MalisaReiffStephan2025, author = {Malisa, Viktorio and Reiff-Stephan, J{\"o}rg}, title = {Auswirkung der neuen gesetzlichen und normativen Regelungen auf Industrieroboter-Systeme}, series = {Tagungsband AALE 2025 : menschenzentrierte Automation im digitalen Zeitalter}, booktitle = {Tagungsband AALE 2025 : menschenzentrierte Automation im digitalen Zeitalter}, editor = {Reiff-Stephan, J{\"o}rg and J{\"a}kel, Jens and Reichelt, Dirk}, publisher = {Hochschule f{\"u}r Technik, Wirtschaft und Kultur}, address = {Leipzig}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:526-opus4-20130}, pages = {49 -- 59}, year = {2025}, abstract = {EU-Verordnungen und ISO-Normen ver{\"a}ndern die Nutzung von Industrieroboter und beeinflussen deren Integration in effiziente Produktionssysteme. Die rasante Entwicklung der Digitalisierung und die Notwendigkeit einer umfassenden Vernetzung haben Auswirkungen auf die Sicherheit von Maschinen, die Gestaltung von Arbeitspl{\"a}tzen und die Anforderungen an die Ausbildung der Besch{\"a}ftigten. Mit einer Reihe von Gesetzen und Richtlinien schafft die EU einen Ordnungsrahmen f{\"u}r die aktuellen Technologien und versucht, die Rahmenbedingungen f{\"u}r weitere Entwicklungen festzulegen. Gleichzeitig ist die Industrie gefordert, zus{\"a}tzliche Kompetenzen in bestimmten Bereichen der Digitalisierung aufzubauen. Einige Herausforderungen sind jedoch noch zu bew{\"a}ltigen, z. B. wie der Sicherheitsnachweis f{\"u}r in Maschinen integrierte K{\"u}nstliche Intelligenz f{\"u}r autonome mobile Roboter erbracht werden kann, wie die Zertifizierung von Software als Sicherheitselement und dessen Integration in die Automatisierungssysteme und wie die Behandlung von Industrierobotern als vollst{\"a}ndige und nicht mehr als unvollst{\"a}ndige Maschinen erfolgen wird.}, language = {de} } @article{KlimesovaKulykMartinetal.2025, author = {Klimesova, Eva and Kulyk, Olena and Martin, Lucas Janos and Sch{\"u}tte, Bernd and Fr{\"u}hling, Ulrike and Drescher, Markus and Pan, Rui and Stojanovic, Nikola and Bermudez Macias, Ivette J. and D{\"u}sterer, Stefan and Andreasson, Jakob and Wieland, Marek and Krikunova, Maria}, title = {Electron thermalization and ion acceleration in XUV-produced plasma from nanoparticles in He gas environment}, series = {New Journal of Physics}, volume = {27}, journal = {New Journal of Physics}, publisher = {Institute of Physics Publishing (IOP); Deutsche Physikalische Gesellschaft}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:526-opus4-19818}, year = {2025}, abstract = {We use intense femtosecond extreme ultraviolet (XUV) pulses with a photon energy of 92 eV from the FLASH free electron laser to irradiate substrate-free CsCl nanoparticles surrounded by a He gas with a number density of around 1015 cm-3. By simultaneously detecting electrons and energetic ions from the laser-irradiated micron-size target we study the acceleration mechanism of light ions at the microplasma-vacuum boundary as well as at the layer close to the nanoparticle surface. When the XUV pulse interacts with the gas alone, helium ions are accelerated to energies exceeding 100 eV. In the presence of the nanoparticle, light ions gain additional energy in the electric field around the ionized nanoparticle and their energy spectrum changes considerably. We present an electrostatic model to explain the ion acceleration mechanisms both with and without the nanoparticle and discuss the role of the gas environment in experiments.}, language = {en} } @article{FuenningPaulManganellietal.2025, author = {F{\"u}nning, Tabea and Paul, Martin and Manganelli, Costanza Lucia and Wenger, Christian and Mai, Andreas and Steglich, Patrick}, title = {Comparative simulation analysis of photonic ultrasound sensors based on silicon waveguides}, series = {Scientific Reports}, volume = {15}, journal = {Scientific Reports}, publisher = {Springer Nature}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:526-opus4-20560}, year = {2025}, abstract = {Pressure sensors based on photonic integrated circuits (PIC) offer the prospect of outstanding sensitivities, extreme miniaturization and have the potential for highly scalable production using CMOS compatible processing. PIC-based pressure sensors detect the change in optical properties, i.e. the intensity or phase of the optical carrier wave inside miniaturized waveguide structures. The detection of ultrasound is achieved by engineering the waveguide architecture such that a pressure causes a high change in the effective refractive index of the waveguide. A range of PIC-based pressure sensors have been reported, but a comparison of the sensitivity of the different approaches is not straightforward, since different pressure sensitive waveguide architectures as well as photonic layouts and measurement setups impact the performance. Additionally, the used sensitivity unit is not uniform throughout the different studies, further complicating a comparison. In this work, a detailed simulation study is carried out by finite element modeling of different pressure sensitive waveguide architectures for a consistent comparison. We analyze three different sensor architectures: (A) a free standing membrane located within a tiny air gap above the waveguide, (B) a waveguide located on top of a deflectable membrane as well as (C) a waveguide embedded inside a pressure-sensitive polymer cladding. The mechanical response of the structures and the resulting changes in mode propagation, i.e. the change of the effective refractive index, are analyzed. The waveguide sensitivities in RIU/MPa for different waveguide types (strip, slot) and polarization states (TE, TM) are compared. The results reveal inherent limitations of the different waveguide designs and create a basis for the selection of suitable designs for further ultrasound sensor development. Possibilities for enhancing waveguide sensitivity are identified and discussed. Additionally, we have shown that the studied approaches are extensible to SiN waveguides.}, language = {en} } @incollection{Roesch2025, author = {R{\"o}sch, Olga}, title = {Anglophonisierung der Hochschullehre - Verheißungen und Illusionen}, series = {Die Sprache(n) der Wissenschaft : eine empirische Studie unter Wissenschaftlerinnen und Wissenschaftlern in {\"O}sterreich vor dem Hintergrund sprach- und kommunikationswissenschaftlicher Befunde}, booktitle = {Die Sprache(n) der Wissenschaft : eine empirische Studie unter Wissenschaftlerinnen und Wissenschaftlern in {\"O}sterreich vor dem Hintergrund sprach- und kommunikationswissenschaftlicher Befunde}, editor = {Haller, Max and Prander, Dimitri and Vadrot, Alice}, publisher = {Verlag der {\"O}sterreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften}, address = {Wien}, isbn = {978-3-7001-9541-2}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:526-opus4-20248}, publisher = {Technische Hochschule Wildau}, pages = {157 -- 171}, year = {2025}, abstract = {Die Bedeutung des Englischen f{\"u}r internationale Wissenschaftskommunikation - als lingua franca, als praktisches kommunikatives Mittel - ist unbestritten. Daher geh{\"o}rt der Ausbau der Sprachkompetenz im Englischen heute zu Recht zur Hochschulbildung. Doch eine komplette Umstellung der Studieng{\"a}nge auf Englisch ist kein angemessenes Mittel, um die Studierenden f{\"u}r die Nutzung dieser Sprache zu bef{\"a}higen. Die Unterscheidung zwischen der kommunikativen und der - insbesondere f{\"u}r die Lehre so wichtigen - kognitiven Funktion der Sprache ger{\"a}t v{\"o}llig aus dem Blickfeld. Erfahrungsberichte von HochschuldozentInnen {\"u}ber fremdsprachige Lehre in nicht-anglophoner Lernumgebung weisen auf erhebliche Qualit{\"a}tsverluste in der Lehre hin. Auch als Instrument zur Gewinnung von k{\"u}nftigen Fachkr{\"a}ften eignen sich die englischsprachigen Studieng{\"a}nge nur bedingt. Eine sich ausbreitende alternativlose Einf{\"u}hrung von englischsprachigen Studieng{\"a}ngen ist in ihren Auswirkungen auch auf die gesellschaftliche Entwicklung folgenreich, denn die Hochschulbildung ist f{\"u}r ein demokratisches Land wie das unsere in vielerlei Hinsicht „systemrelevant".}, language = {de} } @inproceedings{GuentherBenninDeubleetal.2025, author = {G{\"u}nther, Norman and Bennin, Julius and Deuble, Andreas and Huq, Mahmudul and Wilbers, Simon and Reiff-Stephan, J{\"o}rg}, title = {Predictive Maintenance am Beispiel einer Lehr- und Trainingsanlage}, series = {Tagungsband AALE 2025 : menschenzentrierte Automation im digitalen Zeitalter}, booktitle = {Tagungsband AALE 2025 : menschenzentrierte Automation im digitalen Zeitalter}, editor = {Reiff-Stephan, J{\"o}rg and J{\"a}kel, Jens and Reichelt, Dirk}, publisher = {Hochschule f{\"u}r Technik, Wirtschaft und Kultur}, address = {Leipzig}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:526-opus4-20181}, pages = {309 -- 319}, year = {2025}, abstract = {Im Kontext der fortschreitenden Digitalisierung und Automatisierung hat die vorausschauende Wartung, auch Predictive Maintenance (PdM) genannt, insbesondere in industriellen Produktionslinien an Bedeutung gewonnen [1]. Wirtschaftliche Faktoren wie steigende Energiekosten, geringe Stillstand- und Instandhaltungszeiten aber auch die M{\"o}glichkeit des Monitorings unterst{\"u}tzen diesen Trend [2]. Diese erfordern im Umkehrschluss neben der technischen Expertise auch eine bedarfsorientierte Qualifizierung sowie ein system{\"u}bergreifendes Verst{\"a}ndnis. Um diesen Bedarf gerecht zu werden, kann das Thema theoretisch sowie praxisnah behandelt werden. Da nicht f{\"u}r jeden Bildungsbetrieb entsprechende Produktionslinien zur Qualifizierung und Erprobung von (neuen) Ans{\"a}tzen im Bereich des PdM zur Verf{\"u}gung stehen, ben{\"o}tigt es Lehr- und Trainingsanlagen, die der Ausbildung von Fachkr{\"a}ften dienen. Solche Anlagen erm{\"o}glichen es, Produktionsprozesse abstrakt aber trotzdem in einem realit{\"a}tsnahen Umfeld zu simulieren, wodurch sich Instandhaltungsstrategien wie PdM praxisnah anhand von Kennzahlen erlernen und erproben lassen. Der vorliegende Beitrag erl{\"a}utert den Aufbau einer Lehr- und Trainingsanlage zur Simulation von PdM Anwendungen f{\"u}r die Qualifizierung von Auszubildende und Ingenieure und die dabei zu beachtenden Herausforderungen.}, language = {de} } @inproceedings{WilbersGuenthervandeSandetal.2025, author = {Wilbers, Simon and G{\"u}nther, Norman and van de Sand, Ron and Prell, Bastian and Reiff-Stephan, J{\"o}rg}, title = {Components of reusable prompts for humanity-centered automation}, series = {Tagungsband AALE 2025 : menschenzentrierte Automation im digitalen Zeitalter}, booktitle = {Tagungsband AALE 2025 : menschenzentrierte Automation im digitalen Zeitalter}, editor = {Reiff-Stephan, J{\"o}rg and J{\"a}kel, Jens and Reichelt, Dirk}, publisher = {Hochschule f{\"u}r Technik, Wirtschaft und Kultur}, address = {Leipzig}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:526-opus4-20148}, pages = {71 -- 78}, year = {2025}, abstract = {The increasing integration of large language models (LLMs) into cyber-physical production systems, necessitating solutions that are both efficient and aligned with human values and needs. Designing effective and reusable prompts is crucial for creating cyber-physical systems(CPS) that are effective, flexible, reliable, user-friendly and aligned with Humanity-centered Automation. This paper introduces essential components of reusable prompts: Versioning, Model Selection, Purpose Definition, Variables, Examples, and Output Structuring. By applying the proposed components, developers might enable CPS employing LLMs to operate with more predictable inputs and outputs, enabling better control over results and facilitating the chaining of multiple prompts or collaboration between different LLMs. These components emerged from extensive experimentation with various LLMs and prompt configurations. The resulting framework supports the maintenance of prompt collections similar to codebases and thus enhances traceability, maintainability, and human oversight. Such structured components for prompt design supports humanity-centered automation by ensuring that technological advances serve human values and improve interaction with complex systems.}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{WilbersKupperGuentheretal.2025, author = {Wilbers, Simon and Kupper, Stefan and G{\"u}nther, Norman and van de Sand, Ron and Prell, Bastian and Speck, Sandy and Reiff-Stephan, J{\"o}rg}, title = {Unveiling automation potential through a better understanding of ideal cycle time}, series = {Tagungsband AALE 2025 : menschenzentrierte Automation im digitalen Zeitalter}, booktitle = {Tagungsband AALE 2025 : menschenzentrierte Automation im digitalen Zeitalter}, editor = {Reiff-Stephan, J{\"o}rg and J{\"a}kel, Jens and Reichelt, Dirk}, publisher = {Hochschule f{\"u}r Technik, Wirtschaft und Kultur}, address = {Leipzig}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:526-opus4-20205}, pages = {223 -- 230}, year = {2025}, abstract = {This publication demonstrates that determining the maximum speed or Ideal Cycle Time (ICT) of machinery or cyber-physical systems is crucial for uncovering the limits of automation in a given system. Possibly increasing Overall Equipment Effectiveness (OEE) and identify opportunities for further digitization, automation, and AI integration. Based on literature review and expert interviews, methods for establishing ICT, mentioned in literature were identified and crosscheck with what practitioners in operation actually use and how they apply them. The identified methods were: Empirical Measurement and Data Analysis, Time Studies, Statistical Process Control (SPC), Benchmarking, Simulation and Modeling, Expert Judgment, and Continuous Improvement Practices we. We contrast these with insights obtained from interviews conducted with experts from companies in the German federal State of Brandenburg, representing diverse industries and sectors. Findings suggest that while companies recognize somewhat their ICT or maximum operational speeds, they often lack a structured method for determining them. They frequently use combinations of established methods inconsistently. We deduce that a formalized approach to defining ICT can better reveal system limitations and potential for expanding them through advanced automation and. We argue that a well-defined ICT is essential for pushing the boundaries of automated systems, contributing to more effective and Humanity-Centered Automation (HCA) solutions.}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{FiebelkornKugelGuentheretal.2025, author = {Fiebelkorn, Richard and Kugel, Rafael and G{\"u}nther, Norman and Reiff-Stephan, J{\"o}rg}, title = {Predictive Maintenance in der Baumpflege - TreeAngel}, series = {Tagungsband AALE 2025 : menschenzentrierte Automation im digitalen Zeitalter}, booktitle = {Tagungsband AALE 2025 : menschenzentrierte Automation im digitalen Zeitalter}, editor = {Reiff-Stephan, J{\"o}rg and J{\"a}kel, Jens and Reichelt, Dirk}, publisher = {Hochschule f{\"u}r Technik, Wirtschaft und Kultur}, address = {Leipzig}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:526-opus4-20193}, pages = {251 -- 259}, year = {2025}, abstract = {Die Gew{\"a}hrleistung der Verkehrssicherheit von B{\"a}umen stellt eine zentrale Herausforderung f{\"u}r St{\"a}dte und Gemeinden dar. Traditionelle, manuelle Inspektionsmethoden sind zeit- und ressourcenintensiv sowie anf{\"a}llig f{\"u}r menschliche Fehler. Der folgende Artikel pr{\"a}sentiert ein innovatives System zur automatisierten Baumzustandsbewertung, welches moderne Kameratechnologien und K{\"u}nstliche Intelligenz (KI) nutzt. Im Rahmen einer Machbarkeitsstudie wurden Bilddaten, welche durch verschiedene Kamerasysteme erzeugt wurden, analysiert. Basierend auf diesen Daten wurde ein YOLOv8-Modell trainiert, welches eine pr{\"a}zise Detektion von B{\"a}umen und Sch{\"a}den, wie beispielsweise Totholz, erm{\"o}glicht. Die Ergebnisse des vorgestellten Prototypensystems sind vielversprechend hinsichtlich Genauigkeit und Effizienz. Es zeigt das Potenzial, manuelle Inspektionen durch automatisierte Verfahren zu erg{\"a}nzen oder zu ersetzen. Die pr{\"a}sentierten Resultate legen den Grundstein f{\"u}r nachhaltige und skalierbare Ans{\"a}tze in der Baumpflege und k{\"o}nnen zur Steigerung der {\"o}ffentlichen Sicherheit und Effizienz im urbanen Management beitragen.}, language = {de} } @inproceedings{WilbersvandeSandPrelletal.2025, author = {Wilbers, Simon and van de Sand, Ron and Prell, Bastian and Reiff-Stephan, J{\"o}rg}, title = {Agentic Recommender System Konzept f{\"u}r nachhaltiges Wissensmanagement}, series = {Wildauer Konferenz f{\"u}r K{\"u}nstliche Intelligenz 2025 (WiKKI25)}, booktitle = {Wildauer Konferenz f{\"u}r K{\"u}nstliche Intelligenz 2025 (WiKKI25)}, editor = {Reiff-Stephan, J{\"o}rg and Beuster, Anja}, publisher = {TIB Open Publishing}, address = {Hannover}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:526-opus4-20764}, year = {2025}, abstract = {Unternehmen stehen vor erheblichen Herausforderungen beim Erhalt, bei der Nutzung und Weitergabe zentralen Wissens. Demografischer Wandel, zunehmender Mitarbeiterfluktuation und steigende organisatorische Komplexit{\"a}t erschweren klassische Dokumentations- und Austauschprozesse, welche auf erhebliche Mitarbeitendenmitwirkung angewiesen sind. Mithilfe generativer KI und agentischer Recommender-Systeme lassen sich diese Hindernisse {\"u}berwinden, indem wichtiges Wissen "on-the-fly" und weitestgehend automatisiert erfasst wird. Ein zentrales Element bildet hierbei die Kombination aus semantischen Embeddings, einer Graphdatenbank und spezialisierten KI-Agenten, die Dokumente und Chatverl{\"a}ufe analysieren, Mitarbeiter gezielt mit Vorschl{\"a}gen unterst{\"u}tzen und Wissen so kontinuierlich aktualisieren. So entsteht eine effektive Wissenskultur mit niedrigen Barrieren f{\"u}r die Nutzung dank minimalem Mehraufwand f{\"u}r die menschlichen Nutzer.}, language = {de} } @inproceedings{ReiffStephanZeise2025, author = {Reiff-Stephan, J{\"o}rg and Zeise, Dominique}, title = {AI-Based Cooperation Management in the Early Stages of Entrepreneurship: Matchmaking at Start-Up Events}, series = {Wildauer Konferenz f{\"u}r K{\"u}nstliche Intelligenz 2025 (WiKKI25)}, booktitle = {Wildauer Konferenz f{\"u}r K{\"u}nstliche Intelligenz 2025 (WiKKI25)}, editor = {Reiff-Stephan, J{\"o}rg and Beuster, Anja}, publisher = {TIB Open Publishing}, address = {Hannover}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:526-opus4-20779}, year = {2025}, abstract = {In today's dynamic industry, successful start-ups require not only innovative ideas, but also the right partners - artificial intelligence can help bring them together efficiently and in a targeted manner. This article discusses the role of artificial intelligence (AI) in cooperation management at start-up events. The authors present the AI-supported matchmaking tool 'KIKma', which uses profile and interest analyses to make targeted cooperation suggestions to founders, investors and mentors. The system is based on a transformer model that classifies participant profiles and generates suggestions for targeted speed dating slots. The results show a high degree of accuracy, but occasional misclassifications occur due to ambiguities. This could be improved by fine-tuning the model or optimising the questionnaires. The aim is to facilitate exchange in the start-up landscape and establish an intelligent, adaptive cooperation network in the long term. The authors see great potential for future applications in innovation management in the continuous optimisation of the matching algorithm.}, language = {de} } @inproceedings{FiebelkornKugelGuentheretal.2025, author = {Fiebelkorn, Richard and Kugel, Rafael and G{\"u}nther, Norman and Reiff-Stephan, J{\"o}rg}, title = {Predictive Maintenance in Tree Care - TreeAngel}, series = {Wildauer Konferenz f{\"u}r K{\"u}nstliche Intelligenz 2025 (WiKKI25)}, booktitle = {Wildauer Konferenz f{\"u}r K{\"u}nstliche Intelligenz 2025 (WiKKI25)}, editor = {Reiff-Stephan, J{\"o}rg and Beuster, Anja}, publisher = {TIB Open Publishing}, address = {Hannover}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:526-opus4-20801}, year = {2025}, abstract = {Ensuring the traffic safety of trees poses a significant challenge for urban authorities. Conventional manual inspection methods are both time-consuming and resource-intensive, and they are subject to human error. The following paper presents an innovative system for automated tree condition assessment using modern camera technologies and artificial intelligence (AI). As part of a feasibility study, image data generated by various camera systems was analyzed. Based on this data, a YOLOv8 model was trained, which enables precise detection of trees and damage, such as deadwood. The results of the prototype system presented are promising in terms of accuracy and efficiency, suggesting the potential to supplement or replace manual spections with automated procedures. The results of this study lay the foundation for sustainable and scalable approaches in tree care and can contribute to increasing public safety and efficiency in urban management.}, language = {en} } @article{DemskiSeidlitzKukeetal.2025, author = {Demski, Nils Maximilian and Seidlitz, Holger and Kuke, Felix and Dorn, Oliver Niklas and Zoglauer, Janina and H{\"u}ckstaedt, Tobias and Kamm, Paul Hans and Garc{\´i}a-Moreno, Francisco and Kremp, Noah and Dreyer, Christian and Oberschmidt, Dirk}, title = {Flow-Line-Reducing Tetrahedral Metal Effect Pigments for Injection Molding: A Yield-Rate-Improved Particle Manufacturing Method Based on Soft UVImprint Lithography}, series = {Polymers}, volume = {17}, journal = {Polymers}, number = {19}, publisher = {MDPI}, issn = {2073-4360}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:526-opus4-20850}, year = {2025}, abstract = {This publication presents an improved manufacturing method for tetrahedral metal effect pigment particles that demonstrates reduced flowlines in injection-molded polymer components compared with conventional platelet-shaped pigment particles. The previously published cold forming process for tetrahedral particles, made entirely from aluminum, faced manufacturing challenges, resulting in a high reject rate due to particle adhesion to the micro-structured mold roller. In contrast, this study introduces a new manufacturing method for tetrahedral particles, now consisting of metallized UV-cured thermoset polymer. These particles, dispersed in amorphous matrix thermoplastics, have shown to maintain their shape during the injection molding process. The manufacturing technique for these novel particles is based on UV imprint lithography, omitting the reject rates compared with the previously presented cold rolling process of tetrahedral full aluminum particles. Thus, the novel manufacturing technique for tetrahedral pigment particles shows increased potential for automation through roll-to-roll manufacturing in the future.}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{BeusterReiffStephan2025, author = {Beuster, Anja and Reiff-Stephan, J{\"o}rg}, title = {KI-Kooperationssysteme: Ein Forschungsansatz zur Analyse von Kooperationsnetzwerken in der Anwendung K{\"u}nstlicher Intelligenz}, series = {INFORMATIK 2025 : The Wide Open: Offenheit von Source bis Science}, booktitle = {INFORMATIK 2025 : The Wide Open: Offenheit von Source bis Science}, editor = {Lucke, Ulrike and Stieglitz, Stefan and Uebernickel, Falk and Lamprecht, Anna-Lena and Klein, Maike}, publisher = {Gesellschaft f{\"u}r Informatik e.V.}, address = {Bonn}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:526-opus4-20861}, pages = {1373 -- 1380}, year = {2025}, abstract = {Die digitale Transformation und das Potenzial K{\"u}nstlicher Intelligenz (KI) stellen insbesondere kleine und mittlere Unternehmen (KMU) vor komplexe Herausforderungen. KI-Technologien bieten einerseits erhebliche Potenziale f{\"u}r Innovationen und Wettbewerbsf{\"a}higkeit. Andererseits ist die Nutzung dieser Potenziale voraussetzungsreich und erfordert die Verf{\"u}gung bzw. den Aufbau von Ressourcen, wie Fachwissen, Daten, finanziellen Ressourcen und IT-Infrastruktur. KI-Kooperationen sind ein zunehmend relevantes strategisches Instrument f{\"u}r KMU, um diesen strukturellen Defiziten zu begegnen und den Unternehmen Zug{\"a}nge zu ben{\"o}tigten Ressourcen zu erm{\"o}glichen. Dar{\"u}ber hinaus k{\"o}nnen sie im Sinne der organisationalen Ambidextrie die Balance zwischen Exploration, der Suche und Erschließung neuer Handlungsfelder und Exploitation, dem Ausbau etablierter Wertsch{\"o}pfungspotenziale im Unternehmen und damit langfristig die Wettbewerbsf{\"a}higkeit des Mittelstandes unterst{\"u}tzen. Der vorgestellte Forschungsansatz erweitert das Konzept der organisationalen Ambidextrie um eine systematische Analyse von KI-Kooperationssystemen an der Schnittstelle von KI-Technologie-Anwendung, Organisations- und Innovationsentwicklung sowie der menschenzentrierten Produktion.}, language = {de} } @inproceedings{Neumann2025, author = {Neumann, Gaby}, title = {From human experts to AI agents: Agentic AI for knowledge-intense problem-solving in logistics?}, series = {Proceedings of the 26th European Conference on Knowledge Management : VOL 1}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 26th European Conference on Knowledge Management : VOL 1}, publisher = {Academic Conferences and Publishing International}, address = {Reading}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:526-opus4-21223}, pages = {719 -- 727}, year = {2025}, abstract = {Logistics planning is a complex and complicated problem solving process requiring a wide range of knowledge and competence. A planning person or team represents a particular set of knowledge, skills, experience and personal attitudes. His, her or their level of competence decides about success or failure of the planning and about the quality of its results. With this, logistics planning is knowledge-based and knowledge-creating. Because of this, Knowledge Management can provide tremendous support to the planning person. Even though, there is a wide variety of (software) tools applicable to solve specific sub-problems throughout the planning process, human expertise is the key to develop creative planning solutions so far. Latest developments with regard to Artificial Intelligence (AI) might change this picture. AI is one of the most promising technological advancements, but also one of the most ambivalently discussed topics these days. It has surpassed humans at a number of tasks already and continues in doing so at new tasks in an increasing rate. Because of this, AI is capable to assist humans in many different ways. The latest boost of development moved AI application from those sophisticated communicators or task-oriented AI to intelligent agents or agentic AI allowing for autonomous, goal-driven decision-making. Hybrid approaches combine those advanced AI capabilities with human oversight, offering context-aware adaptability without full autonomy. In this way, artificial intelligence and human intelligence join forces in teams, for example, to solve complex problems creatively. Against this background, the paper analyses agentic AI with regard to its potential to support creative problem solving in a knowledge-intense field like logistics planning. Will AI agents become co-workers in logistics planning teams or can agentic AI design logistics solutions autonomously? With this, the paper focusses on chances and challenges coming with the highly dynamic evolution of AI within a complex, knowledge-intense application area where human experience, problem-solving capability and creativity is decisive. It contributes to discussions about necessary adjustments in how organizations manage their knowledge considering artificial and human intelligence.}, language = {en} } @article{LiebchenLordieckOuyangetal.2025, author = {Liebchen, Christian and Lordieck, Jan and Ouyang, Tongcheng and Corman, Francesco}, title = {Vergleich von Versp{\"a}tungsverl{\"a}ufen in Europa}, series = {Eisenbahntechnische Rundschau (ETR)}, journal = {Eisenbahntechnische Rundschau (ETR)}, number = {12}, publisher = {Eurailpress}, issn = {0013-2845}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:526-opus4-20992}, pages = {14 -- 20}, year = {2025}, abstract = {Die Bahn in der Schweiz ist europaweit f{\"u}r ihre P{\"u}nktlichkeit ber{\"u}hmt. Hingegen lag die P{\"u}nktlichkeit der DB im Fernverkehr im Sommer unter 60 \%. Wie sehr tragen die in Deutschland teilweise dreimal so langen Zugl{\"a}ufe zu diesem Unterschied bei? Mit wachsender Entfernung vom Abgangsbahnhof steigt bei mehreren europ{\"a}ischen EVU zwar die Versp{\"a}tung. Als Haupterkl{\"a}rung f{\"u}r P{\"u}nktlichkeitsniveaus dient dieser Indikator jedoch nicht.}, language = {de} } @inproceedings{SchymikStolpmann2025, author = {Schymik, Lars and Stolpmann, Alexander}, title = {Erkennung von Schadmustern an Personenverkehrsz{\"u}gen und Evaluierung der Konfidenz zur Auswahl robuster Features f{\"u}r „Predictive Maintenance" - Projekt ESPEK}, series = {Tagungsband AALE 2025 : menschenzentrierte Automation im digitalen Zeitalter}, booktitle = {Tagungsband AALE 2025 : menschenzentrierte Automation im digitalen Zeitalter}, editor = {Reiff-Stephan, J{\"o}rg and J{\"a}kel, Jens and Reichelt, Dirk}, publisher = {Hochschule f{\"u}r Technik, Wirtschaft und Kultur}, address = {Leipzig}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:526-opus4-20160}, pages = {171 -- 180}, year = {2025}, abstract = {Im Rahmen des Projekts ESPEK wurden H{\"a}ufigkeit und Relevanz bestimmter Sch{\"a}den an verbreiteten Waggontypen analysiert und basierend darauf im Rahmen eines Konzepts „KI-gest{\"u}tzte Inspektion" praxistaugliche, datenbasierte, durch k{\"u}nstliche Intelligenz unterst{\"u}tzte digitale L{\"o}sungen entwickelt, um Sch{\"a}den an ausgew{\"a}hlten Personenwaggons automatisiert visuell zu erkennen. Ausgehend von den bisher maßgeblich manuellen Inspektionsabl{\"a}ufen und Checklisten k{\"o}nnen selbige durch die vorgeschlagenen Software- und Hardwareautomatisierungen effizienter gestaltet werden. {\"U}bergeordnet werden die Sicherheit der Fahrg{\"a}ste erh{\"o}ht, das Problem des Fachkr{\"a}ftemangel bek{\"a}mpft sowie Ausfall- und Standzeiten reduziert, was letztlich zur besseren Auslastung des Systems Schiene insgesamt beitr{\"a}gt und Zugfahren preiswerter und p{\"u}nktlicher machen kann.}, language = {de} } @inproceedings{KupperStolpmannReiffStephan2025, author = {Kupper, Stefan and Stolpmann, Alexander and Reiff-Stephan, J{\"o}rg}, title = {Hochgeschwindigkeitsz{\"a}hlung von Maden f{\"u}r eine nachhaltige Proteinproduktion}, series = {Tagungsband AALE 2025 : menschenzentrierte Automation im digitalen Zeitalter}, booktitle = {Tagungsband AALE 2025 : menschenzentrierte Automation im digitalen Zeitalter}, editor = {Reiff-Stephan, J{\"o}rg and J{\"a}kel, Jens and Reichelt, Dirk}, publisher = {Hochschule f{\"u}r Technik, Wirtschaft und Kultur}, address = {Leipzig}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:526-opus4-20171}, pages = {321 -- 327}, year = {2025}, abstract = {Insekten werden aufgrund ihres Proteingehalts als eine der nachhaltigen Quellen f{\"u}r die Lebensmittelproduktion der Zukunft angesehen. Sie werden, analog zu den heutigen Zuchtbetrieben f{\"u}r Schweine und andere Nutztiere, auch in industriellen Anlagen gez{\"u}chtet. Zur Steuerung und Optimierung dieses Zuchtprozesses muss eine Erfassung der Zahl der unter gegebenen Bedingungen aufgezogenen Insekten vorgenommen werden. Im Unterschied zu Großs{\"a}ugern ist die Individuenzahl von Insekten sowie deren Larvenstadien jedoch um Magnituden gr{\"o}ßer, so dass bei der Ermittlung der Anzahl der Insekten mittel- und langfristig auf eine vollautomatisierte maschinelle Erfassung umgestellt werden muss. In dieser Arbeit wird eine Methode zur pr{\"a}zisen Z{\"a}hlung einer großen Zahl von Maden der Schwarzen Soldatenfliege (Hermetia illucens) in einem prototypischen Aufbau vorgestellt.}, language = {de} } @article{BussekLiebchenMelzer2025, author = {Bussek, Bennett and Liebchen, Christian and Melzer, Klaus-Martin}, title = {Abstellgleise in Schnellbahnnetzen - f{\"u}r Disposition freihalten?}, series = {Eisenbahningenieur, Der : EI}, journal = {Eisenbahningenieur, Der : EI}, number = {10}, publisher = {Eurailpress}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:526-opus4-21017}, pages = {53 -- 56}, year = {2025}, abstract = {In Schnellbahnnetzen dienen Abstellgleise im Netz vor allem zwei Zwecken: Abstellung von Fahrzeugen außerhalb der Hauptverkehrszeit (HVZ), oder bei einer Totalsperrung dem operativen Kehrbetrieb. Wenn ein Gleis nicht f{\"u}r planm{\"a}ßige Abstellung genutzt werden soll, dann k{\"o}nnen planm{\"a}ßig mehr Leerkilometer n{\"o}tig werden. Steht ein Abstellgleis bei einer Totalsperrung nicht der Disposition zur Verf{\"u}gung, dann kann je nach Gleistopologie weniger dicht an die Sperrung herangefahren werden. Das Verkehrsangebot w{\"a}re dann noch st{\"a}rker eingeschr{\"a}nkt. F{\"u}r diesen Abw{\"a}gungsprozess wird ein Schema vorgestellt, welches f{\"u}r ein Gleis bewertet, wie viele Leerkilometer sinnvoll eingeplant werden k{\"o}nnen, um es f{\"u}r operativen Kehrbetrieb freizuhalten. Dieses wurde bei der S-Bahn Berlin GmbH f{\"u}r den Netzfahrplan 2026 ber{\"u}cksichtigt.}, language = {de} } @article{KsianzouVillringerGrytsenkoetal.2025, author = {Ksianzou, Viachaslau and Villringer, Claus and Grytsenko, Kostyantyn and Pekur, Demyd and Lytvyn, Peter and Sopinskyy, Mykola and Lebedyeva, Iryna and Niemczyk, Agata and Baranowska, Jolanta}, title = {Structural and Optical Anomalies in Thin Films Grown in a Magnetic Field by Electron-Assisted Vacuum Deposition of PTFE}, series = {Macromolecular Materials and Engineering}, volume = {310}, journal = {Macromolecular Materials and Engineering}, number = {3}, publisher = {Wiley}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:526-opus4-19712}, year = {2025}, abstract = {Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) films are deposited in parallel and perpendicular magnetic fields (MF) by electron-enhanced vacuum deposition (EVD) and EVD + low-temperature plasma (LTP) methods. The structure, morphology, and nanomechanical properties of the films are studied by infrared spectroscopy (IRS), atomic force microscopy (AFM), and spectroscopic ellipsometry. The structure of the thicker films is closer to that of bulk PTFE than that of thin films. The films' crystallinity and surface roughness are higher than those deposited without MF. The birefringence of the refractive index (n) of the films deposited in the MF is inverse to the anisotropy of the n of the films deposited without MF. The hardness of the films is close to that of bulk PTFE.}, language = {en} } @article{LiAmirkhanyanGrebinyketal.2025, author = {Li, Xiangkun and Amirkhanyan, Zohrab and Grebinyk, Anna and Gross, Matthias and Komar, Yuliia and Riemer, Felix and Asoyan, Aida and Boonpornprasert, Prach and Borchert, Paul and Davtyan, Hakob and Dmytriiev, Dmytro and Frohme, Marcus and Hoffmann, Andreas and Krasilnikov, Mikhail and Loisch, Gregor and Lotfi, Zahra and M{\"u}ller, Frieder and Schmitz, Michael and Obier, Frank and Oppelt, Anne and Philipp, Sebastian and Richard, Christopher and Vashchenko, Grygorii and Villani, Daniel and Worm, Steven and Stephan, Frank}, title = {Demonstration of ultra-high dose rate electron irradiation at FLASHlab@PITZ}, series = {Physics in Medicine \& Biology}, volume = {70}, journal = {Physics in Medicine \& Biology}, number = {5}, publisher = {Institute of Physics Publishing (IOP)}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:526-opus4-20092}, year = {2025}, abstract = {Objective. The photo injector test facility at DESY in Zeuthen (PITZ) is building up an R\&D platform, known as FLASHlab@PITZ, for systematically studying the FLASH effect in cancer treatment with its high-brightness electron beams, which can provide a uniquely large dose parameter range for radiation experiments. In this paper, we demonstrate the capabilities by experiments with a reduced parameter range on a startup beamline and study the potential performance of the full beamline by simulations. Approach. To measure the dose, Gafchromic films are installed both in front of and after the samples; Monte Carlo simulations are conducted to predict the dose distribution during beam preparation and help understand the dose distribution inside the sample. Plasmid DNA is irradiated under various doses at conventional and ultra-high dose rate (UHDR) to study the DNA damage by radiations. Start-to-end simulations are performed to verify the performance of the full beamline. Main results. On the startup beamline, reproducible irradiation has been established with optimized electron beams and the delivered dose distributions have been measured with Gafchromic films and compared to FLUKA simulations. The functionality of this setup has been further demonstrated in biochemical experiments at conventional dose rate of 0.05 Gy s-1 and UHDR of several 105 Gy s-1 and a varying dose up to 60 Gy, with the UHDR experiments finished within a single RF pulse (less than 1 millisecond); the observed conformation yields of the irradiated plasmid DNA revealed its dose-dependent radiation damage. The upgrade to the full FLASHlab@PITZ beamline is justified by simulations with homogeneous radiation fields generated by both pencil beam scanning and scattering beams. Significance. With the demonstration of UHDR irradiation and the simulated performance of the new beamline, FLASHlab@PITZ will serve as a powerful platform for studying the FLASH effects in cancer treatment.}, language = {en} } @unpublished{ŠevaevNomerotskiŠvihraetal.2025, author = {Ševaev, Dmitrij and Nomerotski, Andrei and Švihra, Peter and Sishodia, Keshav and Roos, Andreas Hult and Albrecht, Martin and Andreasson, Jakob and Krikunova, Maria and Klimešov{\´a}, Eva}, title = {Studies of ultrafast dynamics in substrate-free nanoparticles at ELI using Timepix3 optical camera}, series = {arXiv.org}, journal = {arXiv.org}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:526-opus4-20875}, year = {2025}, abstract = {We present a novel application of the Timepix3 optical camera (Tpx3Cam) for investigating ultrafast dynamics in substrate-free nanoparticles at the Extreme Light Infrastructure European Research Infrastructure Consortium (ELI ERIC). The camera, integrated into an ion imaging system based on a micro-channel plate (MCP) and a fast P47 scintillator, enables individual time-stamping of incoming ions with nanosecond timing precision and high spatial resolution. The detector successfully captured laser-induced ion events originating from free nanoparticles disintegrated by intense laser pulses. Owing to the broad size distribution of the nanoparticles (10-500 nm) and the variation in laser intensities within the interaction volume, the detected events range in occupancy from near-zero to extremely high, approaching the readout limits of the detector. By combining time-of-flight and velocity map imaging (VMI) techniques, detailed post-processing and analysis were performed. The results presented here focus on the performance of Tpx3Cam under high-occupancy conditions, which are of particular relevance to this study. These conditions approach the limitations imposed by the camera readout capabilities and challenge the effectiveness of standard post-processing algorithms. We investigated these limitations and associated trade-offs, and we present improved methods and algorithms designed to extract the most informative features from the data.}, language = {en} } @article{ReinhardtBogdanowArnoldetal.2025, author = {Reinhardt, Heiner and Bogdanow, Boran and Arnold, Roman and Prell, Bastian and Klimant, Philipp and Seifert, Frank and Mahdaviasl, Mahtab and Ihlenfeldt, Steffen}, title = {Objective validation for short-term material flow simulation}, series = {Procedia CIRP}, volume = {134}, journal = {Procedia CIRP}, publisher = {Elsevier}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:526-opus4-20554}, pages = {526 -- 531}, year = {2025}, abstract = {Material flow simulation, by means of discrete event simulation (DES), is utilized in various industries to support production planning and control. This is due to the fact that changes to manufacturing systems and production strategies can be virtually examined before actual implementation. Since the manual development and repeated adjustment of simulation models is time-consuming and error-prone, numerous studies suggest computerized model generation and synchronization. However, validation of such generated or synchronized models is rarely considered. Here, we present an extendible objective validation technique for the repeated short-term simulation of a generated model. To illustrate this, the technique is applied to a high-volume automotive production line and a series of simulation cycles.}, language = {en} } @article{ReinhardtBogdanowArnoldetal.2025, author = {Reinhardt, Heiner and Bogdanow, Boran and Arnold, Roman and Prell, Bastian and Klimant, Philipp and Seifert, Frank and Mahdaviasl, Mahtab and Ihlenfeldt, Steffen}, title = {Subjective validation for short-term material flow simulation}, series = {Procedia CIRP}, volume = {134}, journal = {Procedia CIRP}, publisher = {Elsevier}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:526-opus4-20576}, pages = {562 -- 566}, year = {2025}, abstract = {Material flow simulation, by means of discrete event simulation (DES), is frequently applied to support decision-making in production planning and control. However, manual modeling can be time-consuming and error-prone. Hence, numerous studies propose the automation of model generation and synchronization to overcome these challenges. However, in this context, validation techniques are rarely addressed. Therefore, we introduce a subjective validation technique for short-term material flow simulation based on a coherent methodology for data acquisition and visualization. The methodology is utilized to evaluate the outcome of an approach for computerized model generation and simulation. By means of an industrial use case, we hypothesize the causes for the deviation between the operation of a manufacturing system and the simulation of its generated virtual companion.}, language = {en} } @article{StumperBergerKlotscheetal.2025, author = {Stumper, Nele and Berger, J{\"o}rn and Klotsche, Jens and Gedat, Egbert and Hoff, Paula and Schmittat, Gabriela and Burmester, Gerd-R{\"u}diger and Kr{\"o}nke, Gerhard and Backhaus, Marina and Haugen, Ida Kristin and Ohrndorf, Sarah}, title = {To optimise the diagnostic process of rheumatic diseases affecting the hands using fluorescence optical imaging (FOI)}, series = {RMD Open}, volume = {11}, journal = {RMD Open}, number = {3}, publisher = {EULAR}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:526-opus4-20698}, year = {2025}, abstract = {Background Accurate and rapid diagnosis of rheumatic diseases is essential for further treatment decision. Different rheumatic diseases present characteristic patterns (image features) in fluorescence optical imaging (FOI). We developed an atlas of FOI image features and tested its ability to differentiate various rheumatic diseases. Methods FOI images from patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA), psoriatic arthritis (PsA), connective tissue diseases (CTD) and osteoarthritis (OA) were analysed by two readers blinded for diagnosis and calibrated against each other, using the prima vista mode (PVM) and an automated 5-phase model. Twenty-six different reoccurring typical signal enhancement patterns (features) indicating inflamed joints, nail or skin were defined and all FOI images were scored accordingly. The feature frequency in each patient cohort and phase (PVM, 5-phase) was counted. Contingency tables were created with categorical variable counts and diagnosis using common formulae. Findings Four hundred thirty-eight patients with RA (n=117), PsA (n=110), CTD (n=121) and OA (n=90) were included. Once the data had been categorised, a two-step diagnostic pathway was developed: in the first step, OA was best distinguished from the other diseases with high specificity by five patterns (specificity >0.9, diagnostic OR between 2.34 and 8.24). In a second step, the remaining autoimmune diseases were differentiated from each other by a certain number of features (five for RA, 12 for PsA and four for CTD). Interpretation This was the first study to show that feature analysis in FOI helps to differentiate typical rheumatic diseases from each other, potentially simplifying and speeding up the diagnostic process. Therefore, FOI could be considered an additional component of a wider range of imaging techniques used in rheumatology.}, language = {en} } @article{RajuDubeyLukoseetal.2025, author = {Raju, Ashraful Islam and Dubey, Pawan Kumar and Lukose, Rasuole and Wenger, Christian and Mai, Andreas and Lukosius, Mindaugas}, title = {Optimized silicon nitride-spaced graphene electro-optic modulator with high efficiency and bandwidth}, series = {Optical and Quantum Electronics}, volume = {57}, journal = {Optical and Quantum Electronics}, number = {7}, publisher = {Springer Nature}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:526-opus4-20597}, year = {2025}, abstract = {Optical modulators with high modulation efficiency, large operational bandwidth, high-speed and low energy consumption is essential for the advancement of on-chip optical signal processing. To overcome the bandwidth-efficiency trade-off in graphene optical modulators, a buried silicon nitride waveguide-coupled double-layer graphene electro-absorption (EA) optical modulator has been proposed. In the proposed design, silicon nitride layer is also embedded between the two graphene layers as a dielectric spacer to enhance the graphene-light interaction. An extensive simulation has been performed to optimize the dielectric spacing layers between the two graphene for optimal device performance including the waveguide dimensions and optical modes profile. The simulated results show a high modulation efficiency of 1.1 dB/V and a modulation depth of 0.16 dB/µm, corresponding to a 15-dB extinction ratio for a 100 µm device at 1550 nm, with a 30 nm spacer and 12 V driving voltage. The proposed modulator achieves a 14 GHz bandwidth and operates over a 1050 nm broadband operation spectral range. The concurrent presence of high modulation bandwidth and efficiency renders these modulator designs highly viable for on-chip optical communication applications.}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{FuenningPeczekKrohetal.2025, author = {F{\"u}nning, Tabea and Peczek, Anna and Kroh, Aleksandra and Mai, Christian and Paul, Martin and Thomsen, Florian and Tannenberg, Robert and Schumann, Christoph and Weller, Michael G. and Mai, Andreas and Steglich, Patrick}, title = {Optimization of local backside released micro-ring resonators for sensing applications using silicon photonic integrated circuits in a SOI technology}, series = {Proceedings of SPIE : Optical Sensors 2025}, volume = {13527}, booktitle = {Proceedings of SPIE : Optical Sensors 2025}, editor = {Baldini, Francesco and Homola, Jiri and Lieberman, Robert A.}, publisher = {SPIE}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:526-opus4-20449}, year = {2025}, abstract = {Photonic micro-ring resonators (MRR) are widely studied for their high sensitivity across applications like environmental monitoring, healthcare, and chemical analysis. Their evanescent field sensing requires partially unembedded waveguides compatible with CMOS processing. Our approach uses local backside etching with an additional buried oxide (BOX) etch to release waveguides while preserving the back-end of line (BEOL) structure, enabling spatial separation of the sensing area and electronics. The BOX etch critically affects sensor performance, as waveguide surface roughness can alter MRR properties and coupling. We analyzed MRR design variations, comparing wet and dry etching techniques for their effects on optical performance across rib and strip waveguides in quasi-TE and quasi-TM modes. Wafer-level measurements show that backside-released MRR achieve high extinction ratios with slightly reduced quality factors, advancing high-sensitivity photonic sensors.}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{TannenbergPaulFuenningetal.2025, author = {Tannenberg, Robert and Paul, Martin and F{\"u}nning, Tabea and Schumann, Christoph and Weller, Michael G. and Steglich, Patrick}, title = {Multichannel real-time detection of biomarkers with highly miniaturized photonic microchips}, series = {Proceedings of SPIE : Optical Sensors 2025}, volume = {13527}, booktitle = {Proceedings of SPIE : Optical Sensors 2025}, editor = {Baldini, Francesco and Homola, Jiri and Lieberman, Robert A.}, publisher = {SPIE}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:526-opus4-20456}, year = {2025}, abstract = {The development of novel photonic integrated microchips (PIC) is a promising approach to allow for the convenient detection of key biomarkers in complex matrices through multichannel real-time analysis in a highly compact package. This study reports the successful development and application of a backside released CMOS chip designed for the multichannel real-time detection of biomarkers. Operating at the C-band at approx. 1550 nm, the microchip features three dedicated detection sensors in addition to a reference sensor, enabling simultaneous analysis of multiple biomarkers. The compact and highly miniaturized design of this microchip, with a footprint of just 1 mm², positions it as promising candidate for point-of-care diagnostics and personalized medicine applications. This technology opens a path to transform biomarker detection across various medical fields, offering rapid, reliable, and cost-effective diagnostic solutions. In conclusion, the presented multichannel photonic microchips signify a substantial leap forward in real-time biomarker detection, providing a highly capable platform for future research and clinical applications.}, language = {en} } @article{RegehlyHecht2025, author = {Regehly, Martin and Hecht, Stefan}, title = {Split-Aperture Xolography - Linear Volumetric Photoactivation with Short Axial Dimension and Low out of Focus Excitation}, series = {Advanced Science}, volume = {12}, journal = {Advanced Science}, number = {31}, publisher = {Wiley}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:526-opus4-20749}, year = {2025}, abstract = {Spatially confined photo-excitation with the lowest possible activation of the remaining volume is of central importance for high-resolution high-density optical data storage, fluorescence microscopy, 3D-lithography, and 3D-printing. Two-photon absorption (2PA) enables such applications yet leads to slow processing speed due to the underlying non-linear absorption process. Here, Split-Aperture Xolography (SAX), is introduced which uses stepwise excitation of dual-color responsive molecules to initiate a linear volumetric photo-reaction process that is up to several orders of magnitude more efficient than 2PA. The capabilities of SAX are investigated in a scenario study for focusing systems with high numerical aperture (NA) using a Python implementation of vectorial diffraction theory. The intersecting half-cones generated by the split illuminated entrance aperture of the objective reduce the axial focal spot size of the activation distribution by up to a factor of two compared to 2PA targeting the same electronic transition. A steep average decline of the activation probability with the fifth power away from focus is found for a wide range of directions. This is significantly better in comparison to 2PA and prevents that undesired out-of-focus excitation events sum-up with subsequent irradiations. This approach is expected to be advantageous for volumetric methods at the nanoscale.}, language = {en} } @article{BauerHeinrichVillasmuntaetal.2025, author = {Bauer, Joachim and Heinrich, Friedhelm and Villasmunta, Francesco and Villringer, Claus and Reck, Johanna and Peters, Sven and Treffer, Alexander and Kuhnt, Christian and Marschmeyer, Steffen and Fursenko, Oksana and Stolarek, David and Mai, Andreas and Regehly, Martin}, title = {Reflectometric method for measuring residual oxides in through-silicon vias for 3D chip integration}, series = {Optics Express}, volume = {33}, journal = {Optics Express}, number = {15}, publisher = {Optica}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:526-opus4-20633}, pages = {32175 -- 32189}, year = {2025}, abstract = {A significant aspect of fabricating 3D chip architectures is ensuring proper contact between the different layers of the chip, which often requires removing the underside of isolation layers before filling vias with conductive material. Currently, scanning electron microscopy is the established method for investigating such structures. In this paper, we propose a rapid, non-destructive optical analysis technique for the simultaneous measurement of through-silicon vias (TSV) depths, silicon wafer thickness, and residual oxide thickness. The proposed method utilizes Fourier peak shift analysis (FPSA) of reflectance measurements in the near-infrared (1200 nm—2200 nm) spectral regions. The application of FPSA to representative samples taken from a commercial TSV integration process for MEMS and CMOS fabrication demonstrated good agreement with reference scanning electron microscopy measurements, confirming the feasibility of the method for in-line and in-situ metrology. The results indicate that FPSA has great potential for real-time process monitoring and control during 3D chip manufacturing.}, language = {en} } @article{KhrutbaNikitchenkoBalykinetal.2025, author = {Khrutba, Viktoriia and Nikitchenko, Yuliia and Balykin, Ivan and Nechyporenko, Alina and Frohme, Marcus}, title = {Academic \& educational networking as a mechanism for the resilience of university cooperation in the digital era}, series = {European Journal of Interdisciplinary Issues}, volume = {2}, journal = {European Journal of Interdisciplinary Issues}, number = {2}, publisher = {East European Association of Scientists}, address = {Warszaw}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:526-opus4-20957}, pages = {84 -- 97}, year = {2025}, abstract = {The article investigates the evolution of digital educational networks as instruments of resilience and sustainability within German-Ukrainian higher education cooperation. Its primary objective is to analyze how academic networking contributes to maintaining educational continuity, fostering innovation, and strengthening institutional adaptability under crisis conditions. The study focuses on two representative initiatives, the Digital Teaching Network (DTN) and the Wildau-Kharkiv IT Bridge, which exemplify the transition from traditional digital platforms to interconnected network ecosystems. Methodologically, the research combines quantitative and qualitative approaches, including an online survey, focus group discussions, and content analysis of responses from 185 participants representing 21 universities in both countries. This mixed-method design enables a comprehensive understanding of the motivational, organizational, and social determinants of participation in educational networks. The analysis identifies four main categories of network actors, initiators, active collaborators, occasional participants, and observers, whose interaction defines the internal dynamics and resilience of such networks. The study's findings demonstrate that networking serves as a key mechanism for sustaining academic interaction, enhancing educators' digital competencies, and facilitating interdisciplinary collaboration. It further shows that niche educational networks, those focused on specific thematic or professional domains, play an increasingly important role in advancing specialized expertise and fostering trust-based partnerships beyond the lifespan of individual projects. The scientific novelty of the article lies in conceptualizing the shift from digital platforms as technical tools to educational networks as socio-institutional ecosystems. Practically, the results highlight the potential of network-based cooperation to support the sustainable development, modernization, and internationalization of Ukrainian higher education in the digital era.}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{KleinsorgeFauckKupper2025, author = {Kleinsorge, Alexander and Fauck, Alexander and Kupper, Stefan}, title = {A Novel Exponential Continuous Learning Rate Adaption Gradient Descent Optimization Method}, series = {Wildauer Konferenz f{\"u}r K{\"u}nstliche Intelligenz 2025 (WiKKI25)}, booktitle = {Wildauer Konferenz f{\"u}r K{\"u}nstliche Intelligenz 2025 (WiKKI25)}, editor = {Reiff-Stephan, J{\"o}rg and Beuster, Anja}, publisher = {TIB Open Publishing}, address = {Hannover}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:526-opus4-20785}, year = {2025}, abstract = {We present two novel, fast gradient based optimizer algorithms with dynamic learning rate. The main idea is to adapt the learning rate α by situational awareness, mainly striving for orthogonal neighboring gradients. The method has a high success and fast convergence rate and relies much less on hand-tuned hyper-parameters, providing greater universality. It scales linearly (of order O(n)) with dimension and is rotation invariant, thereby overcoming known limitations. The method is presented in two variants C2Min and P2Min, with slightly different control. Their impressive performance is demonstrated by experiments on several benchmark data-sets (ranging from MNIST to Tiny ImageNet) against the state-of-the-art optimizers Adam and Lion.}, language = {en} } @article{Rudolph2025, author = {Rudolph, Christian}, title = {Perceived safety using multi-lane and canopied bicycles (velocars)}, series = {Transportation Research Procedia}, volume = {82}, journal = {Transportation Research Procedia}, publisher = {Elsevier}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:526-opus4-19876}, pages = {2362 -- 2372}, year = {2025}, abstract = {The feeling of safety is one of the most crucial elements of bicycle promotion. Newer bicycle designs with three or even four wheels have constructive possibilities to implement some safety features comparable to a car, e. g. brake lights, warning lights, and indicator lights, a seat belt or even a canopy to protect the driver from rain and headwinds. Positioning this kind of vehicle between micro car and bicycle, manufacturers try to address new user groups for which a bicycle has been no option nor a car. Further developments of recumbent bicycles, velomobiles and cargo bikes, the velocar from the 1930s is experiencing a renaissance. A new design language based on the car, a higher elevation of the head above street level and the addition of the electric motor mean that a completely new vehicle category may emerge that has the chance to develop from a niche into a mass product. Would new user groups be attracted by this kind of vehicle? This research investigates the perceived safety of 124 experienced cyclists riding on cycles like cargo bikes and velomobiles with a wide body of nearly one meter.}, language = {en} } @article{HuthvonWiednerSchueteetal.2025, author = {Huth, Caroline and von Wiedner, Vanessa and Sch{\"u}te, Nicolas and Rudolph, Christian}, title = {Intermodale Verkn{\"u}pfung von Fahrrad und Bahn im Landkreis Dahme-Spreewald: Analyse r{\"a}umlicher Unterschiede und Potenziale}, series = {Journal f{\"u}r Mobilit{\"a}t und Verkehr}, journal = {Journal f{\"u}r Mobilit{\"a}t und Verkehr}, number = {25}, publisher = {Deutsche Verkehrswissenschaftliche Gesellschaft}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:526-opus4-20816}, pages = {72 -- 82}, year = {2025}, abstract = {Im Beitrag wird untersucht, wie gut Bahnh{\"o}fe im Landkreis Dahme-Spreewald mit dem Fahrrad erreichbar sind und welche Bedeutung sie im Netz haben. Auf Basis von Isochronenanalysen werden Einzugsgebiete ermittelt, mit Bev{\"o}lkerungsdaten verschnitten und mit den Bahnh{\"o}fen in Verbindung gesetzt. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass 71 \% der Bev{\"o}lkerung des Landkreises einen Bahnhof innerhalb von 20 Minuten erreichen k{\"o}nnen. Es bestehen jedoch r{\"a}umliche Unterschiede, die Hinweise auf intermodale Potenziale f{\"u}r die strategische Planung liefern.}, language = {de} } @inproceedings{BreitheckerSzymanskiStolpmann2025, author = {Breithecker, Janine and Szymanski, Mateusz and Stolpmann, Alexander}, title = {Entwicklung eines robotergest{\"u}tzten Systems zur standardisierten Applikation von Hautpflegeprodukten}, series = {Tagungsband AALE 2025 : menschenzentrierte Automation im digitalen Zeitalter}, booktitle = {Tagungsband AALE 2025 : menschenzentrierte Automation im digitalen Zeitalter}, editor = {Reiff-Stephan, J{\"o}rg and J{\"a}kel, Jens and Reichelt, Dirk}, publisher = {Hochschule f{\"u}r Technik, Wirtschaft und Kultur}, address = {Leipzig}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:526-opus4-20150}, pages = {387 -- 394}, year = {2025}, abstract = {In diesem Beitrag wird ein System zur automatisierten Applikation von Hautpflegeprodukten vorgestellt, das speziell f{\"u}r dermatologische Studien entwickelt wird. Ziel ist es, die Variabilit{\"a}ten bei der manuellen Cremeapplikation zu reduzieren und die Reproduzierbarkeit von Studienergebnissen zu verbessern. Die Grundlage des Systems bildet ein kollaborativer Roboter (Cobot), der mit einer pr{\"a}zisen Kraftregelung und Echtzeit-Bildverarbeitung ausgestattet ist. Diese Kombination erm{\"o}glicht die dynamische Anpassung an unterschiedliche Hautareale und eine gleichm{\"a}ßige Verteilung von Cremes und Lotionen. Der Entwicklungsprozess umfasste die Konstruktion eines spezialisierten Endeffektors f{\"u}r das Verteilen der Creme, der mit Kraftsensorik und austauschbaren Elementen f{\"u}r hygienische Anwendungen ausgestattet ist, sowie die Integration einer Eppendorf Multipette M4 zur pr{\"a}zisen Dosierung als wechselbarer Endeffektor am Cobot. Erg{\"a}nzt wird das System durch eine Intel RealSense Kamera, die mithilfe von Farb- und Tiefenbildern eine zuverl{\"a}ssige Erkennung von Hand- und Armpositionen gew{\"a}hrleistet. Erste Tests zeigen, dass das System eine exakte und reproduzierbare Applikation erm{\"o}glicht, wobei die Sicherheit und Benutzerfreundlichkeit im Fokus stehen. Die vorgestellten Validierungsstrategien und geplanten Nutzerstudien sollen die Funktionalit{\"a}t weiter optimieren und das Potenzial f{\"u}r den Einsatz in dermatologischen Studien unterstreichen. Dieses Projekt stellt einen bedeutenden Schritt in Richtung Automatisierung und Standardisierung in der dermatologischen Forschung dar.}, language = {de} }