@article{KinuthiaFrohmeBroedeletal.2017, author = {Kinuthia, Chuaga and Frohme, Marcus and Br{\"o}del, Oliver and Mugendi, Beatrice}, title = {LCMS Analysis of Biochemical Composition in Different Kenyan Coffee Classifications}, series = {Food Science and Quality Management}, volume = {69}, journal = {Food Science and Quality Management}, issn = {2225-0557}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:526-opus4-10185}, pages = {44 -- 52}, year = {2017}, abstract = {Kenyan coffee is classified by defects after grading by the 'Devonshire method.' The method involves classification of the coffee beans into different classes based on the raw and roasted coffees and cup quality, with class one being the best and ten the poorest. In this study, the relationship between classification of the coffee and the content of sucrose, trigonelline, caffeine and chlorogenic acids was determined by simultaneous LC-MS analysis. By using the sensory variables the class 3 coffee portrayed the best quality, followed by class 4 and 5 which were placed further distinctively from the other classes (6, 7, 8 and 9). The class 3 coffee had a high percent of non-defective beans with 94.31\% and class 9 had a high defect count at 79.53\% hence the defective beans increased with decrease in coffee class. The caffeine concentration in green coffee for class 3 coffee was significantly different from the rest of the coffees at 1.23 ± 0.00g/100g. A higher content of trigonelline levels was observed as the quality of the green coffee decreased in classes 6, 7 and 8. The highest level of sucrose in green coffee beans was observed in class 3 coffee and the lowest in the class 9. Lower content of chlorogenic acids were observed among the high quality coffees i.e. class 3, 4 and 5 with class 3 having the lowest while a higher content was observed among the lower quality coffees i.e. classes 6, 7 and 9 with class 6 having a higher content was it significantly different in class 6 compared to 7 and 9?. Quantities of different chemical components among the classes are clear indicators that the classification method used on the Kenyan coffees brings out the differences in coffee quality based on the analysis of the green and the roasted coffees.}, language = {en} } @article{GrebinykPrylutskaGrebinyketal.2021, author = {Grebinyk, Anna and Prylutska, Svitlana and Grebinyk, Sergii and Evstigneev, Maxim and Krysiuk, Iryna and Skaterna, Tetiana and Horak, Iryna and Sun, Yanfang and Drobot, Liudmyla and Matyshevska, Olga and Prylutskyy, Yuriy and Ritter, Uwe and Frohme, Marcus}, title = {Antitumor efficiency of the natural alkaloid berberine complexed with C60 fullerene in Lewis lung carcinoma in vitro and in vivo}, series = {Cancer Nanotechnology}, volume = {12}, journal = {Cancer Nanotechnology}, publisher = {BioMed Central}, issn = {1868-6966}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:526-opus4-14749}, pages = {24}, year = {2021}, abstract = {Background Berberine (Ber) is a herbal alkaloid with pharmacological activity in general and a high anticancer potency in particular. However, due to its low bioavailability, the difficulty in reaching a target and choosing the right dose, there is a need to improve approaches of Ber use in anticancer therapy. In this study, Ber, noncovalently bound to a carbon nanostructure C60 fullerene (C60) at various molar ratios of the components, was explored against Lewis lung carcinoma (LLC). Methods C60-Ber noncovalent nanocomplexes were synthesized in 1:2, 1:1 and 2:1 molar ratios. Ber release from the nanocomplexes was studied after prolonged incubation at different pH with the liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis of free Ber content. Biological effects of the free and C60-complaxated Ber were studied in vitro towards LLC cells with phase-contrast and fluorescence microscopy, flow cytometry, MTT reduction, caspase activity and wound closure assays. The treatment with C60-Ber nanocomplex was evaluated in vivo with the LLC-tumored C57Bl mice. The mice body weight, tumor size, tumor weight and tumor weight index were assessed for four groups, treated with saline, 15 mg C60/kg, 7.5 mg Ber/kg or 2:1 C60-Ber nanocomplex (15 mg C60/kg, 7.5 mg Ber/kg). Results Ber release from C60-Ber nanocomplexes was promoted with medium acidification. LLC cells treatment with C60-Ber nanocomplexes was followed by enhanced Ber intracellular uptake as compared to free Ber. The cytotoxicity of the studied agents followed the order: free Ber < 1:2 < 1:1 < 2:1 C60-Ber nanocomplex. The potency of cytotoxic effect of 2:1 C60-Ber nanocomplex was confirmed by 21.3-fold decrease of IC50 value (0.8 ± 0.3 µM) compared to IC50 for free Ber (17 ± 2 µM). C60-Ber nanocomplexes induced caspase 3/7 activation and suppressed the migration activity of LLC cells. The therapeutic potency of 2:1 C60-Ber nanocomplex was confirmed in a mouse model of LLC. The tumor growth in the group treated with 2:1 C60-Ber nanocomplex is suppressed by approximately 50\% at the end of experiment, while in the tumor-bearing group treated with free Ber no therapeutic effect was detected. Conclusions This study indicates that complexation of natural alkaloid Ber with C60 may be a novel therapeutic strategy against lung carcinoma.}, language = {en} } @article{PajčinVlajkovFrohmeetal.2020, author = {Pajčin, Ivana and Vlajkov, Vanja and Frohme, Marcus and Grebinyk, Sergii and Grahovac, Mila and Mojićević, Marija and Grahovac, Jovana}, title = {Pepper Bacterial Spot Control by Bacillus velezensis: Bioprocess Solution}, series = {Microorganisms}, volume = {8}, journal = {Microorganisms}, number = {10}, publisher = {MDPI}, issn = {2076-2607}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:526-opus4-13510}, year = {2020}, abstract = {Pepper bacterial spot is one of the most severe plant diseases in terms of infection persistence and economic losses when it comes to fresh pepper fruits used in nutrition and industrial processing. In this study, Bacillus velezensis IP22 isolated from fresh cheese was used as a biocontrol agent of pepper bacterial spot, whose main causal agent is the cosmopolitan pathogen Xanthomonas euvesicatoria. After optimization of the cultivation medium composition aimed at maximizing of the antimicrobial activity against X. euvesicatoria and validation of the optimized medium at the scale of a laboratory bioreactor, in planta tests were performed. The results have showed significant suppression of bacterial spot symptoms in pepper plants by the produced biocontrol agent, as well as reduction of disease spreading on the healthy (uninoculated) pepper leaves. Furthermore, HPLC-MS (high pressure liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry) analysis was employed to examine antimicrobial metabolites produced by B. velezensis IP22, where lipopeptides were found with similar m/z values compared to lipopeptides from fengycin and locillomycin families. The bioprocess solution developed at the laboratory scale investigated in this study represents a promising strategy for production of pepper bacterial spot biocontrol agent based on B. velezensis IP22, a food isolate with a great perspective for application in plant protection.}, language = {en} } @misc{SchulzeGloeklerKadolskyetal.2011, author = {Schulze, Katja and Gl{\"o}kler, J{\"o}rn and Kadolsky, Marianne and Frohme, Marcus}, title = {Detektion des Kartoffelspindelknollen Viroids mit Hilfe der Loop Mediated Isothermal Amplification}, series = {Wissenschaftliche Beitr{\"a}ge 2011}, volume = {15}, journal = {Wissenschaftliche Beitr{\"a}ge 2011}, issn = {0949-8214}, doi = {10.15771/0949-8214_2011_1_1}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:526-opus-1025}, pages = {7 -- 12}, year = {2011}, abstract = {PSTV ist ein hoch infekti{\"o}ses Viroid, das in Kartoffeln verkleinerte und spindel{\"a}hnliche Knollen verursacht. Um Ernteverlusten vorzubeugen, ist eine Detektion in fr{\"u}hen Infektionsstadien von großer Bedeutung. Aufgrund ihrer hohen Sensitivit{\"a}t und Spezifit{\"a}t wird die PCR als Standardnachweisverfahren f{\"u}r PSTV verwendet. Nachteilig an dieser Methode sind der apparative Aufwand und die zeitaufw{\"a}ndige Durchf{\"u}hrung. Als viel versprechende Alternative konnte der Nachweis von PSTV mit Hilfe der Reverse Transcription Loop Mediated Isothermal Amplification (RT-LAMP) gezeigt werden. Hierbei handelt es sich um eine einfache und schnelle Methode, f{\"u}r die wenig aufw{\"a}ndige Laborausr{\"u}stung ben{\"o}tigt wird. Dabei erm{\"o}glichte eine an den Amplifikationsprozess gekoppelte Fluoreszenzreaktion die Detektion von Produkten direkt nach der Nachweisreaktion mit dem bloßen Auge (bzw. unter UV-Licht). Die Ergebnisse konnten mit Hilfe einer Real Time Detektion des auftretenden Fluoreszenzsignals best{\"a}tigt werden.}, language = {de} } @article{KoberMeyerAlertGrienitzetal.2015, author = {Kober, Liane and Meyer-Alert, Henriette and Grienitz, Desir{\´e}e and Hollert, Henner and Frohme, Marcus}, title = {Intact cell mass spectrometry as a rapid and specific tool for the differentiation of toxic effects in cell-based ecotoxicological test systems}, series = {Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry}, volume = {407}, journal = {Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry}, number = {25}, issn = {1618-2650}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:526-opus4-5900}, pages = {7721 -- 7731}, year = {2015}, abstract = {In the last few decades, MALDI-TOF MS has become a useful technique not only in proteomics, but also as a fast and specific tool for whole cell analysis through intact cell mass spectrometry (IC-MS). The present study evaluated IC-MS as a novel tool for the detection of distinct patterns that can be observed after exposure to a certain toxin or concentration by utilizing the eukaryotic fish cell line RTL-W1. Two different viability assays were performed to define the range for IC-MS investigations, each of which employing copper sulfate, acridine, and β-naphthoflavone (BNF) as model compounds for several classes of environmental toxins. The IC-MS of RTL-W1 cells revealed not only specific spectral patterns for the various toxins, but also that the concentration used had an effect on RTL-W1 profiles. After the exposure with copper sulfate and acridine, the spectra of RTL-W1 showed a significant increase of certain peaks in the higher mass range (m/z >7000), which is probably attributed to the apoptosis of RTL-W1. On the contrary, exposure to BNF showed a distinct change of ion abundances only in the lower mass range (m/z <7000). Furthermore, a set of mass peaks could be identified as a specific biomarker for a single toxin treatment, so IC-MS demonstrates a new method for the distinction of toxic effects in fish cells. Due to fast sample preparation and high throughput, IC-MS offers great potential for ecotoxicological studies to investigate cellular effects of different substances and complex environmental samples.}, language = {en} } @article{SchulzeLangEnkeetal.2015, author = {Schulze, Katja and Lang, Imke and Enke, Heike and Grohme, Diana and Frohme, Marcus}, title = {The use of fluorescence microscopy and image analysis for rapid detection of non-producing revertant cells of Synechocystis sp. PCC6803 and Synechococcus sp. PCC7002}, series = {BMC Research Notes}, volume = {8}, journal = {BMC Research Notes}, number = {160}, issn = {1756-0500}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:526-opus4-5911}, pages = {11}, year = {2015}, abstract = {Ethanol production via genetically engineered cyanobacteria is a promising solution for the production of biofuels. Through the introduction of a pyruvate decarboxylase and alcohol dehydrogenase direct ethanol production becomes possible within the cells. However, during cultivation genetic instability can lead to mutations and thus loss of ethanol production. Cells then revert back to the wild type phenotype. A method for a rapid and simple detection of these non-producing revertant cells in an ethanol producing cell population is an important quality control measure in order to predict genetic stability and the longevity of a producing culture. Several comparable cultivation experiments revealed a difference in the pigmentation for non-producing and producing cells: the accessory pigment phycocyanin (PC) is reduced in case of the ethanol producer, resulting in a yellowish appearance of the culture. Microarray and western blot studies of Synechocystis sp. PCC6803 and Synechococcus sp. PCC7002 confirmed this PC reduction on the level of RNA and protein.}, language = {en} } @article{BilousMalkoFrohmeetal.2024, author = {Bilous, Nataliya and Malko, Vladyslav and Frohme, Marcus and Nechyporenko, Alina}, title = {Comparison of CNN-Based Architectures for Detection of Different Object Classes}, series = {AI}, volume = {5}, journal = {AI}, number = {4}, publisher = {MDPI}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:526-opus4-19634}, pages = {2300 -- 2320}, year = {2024}, abstract = {(1) Background: Detecting people and technical objects in various situations, such as natural disasters and warfare, is critical to search and rescue operations and the safety of civilians. A fast and accurate detection of people and equipment can significantly increase the effectiveness of search and rescue missions and provide timely assistance to people. Computer vision and deep learning technologies play a key role in detecting the required objects due to their ability to analyze big volumes of visual data in real-time. (2) Methods: The performance of the neural networks such as You Only Look Once (YOLO) v4-v8, Faster R-CNN, Single Shot MultiBox Detector (SSD), and EfficientDet has been analyzed using COCO2017, SARD, SeaDronesSee, and VisDrone2019 datasets. The main metrics for comparison were mAP, Precision, Recall, F1-Score, and the ability of the neural network to work in real-time. (3) Results: The most important metrics for evaluating the efficiency and performance of models for a given task are accuracy (mAP), F1-Score, and processing speed (FPS). These metrics allow us to evaluate both the accuracy of object recognition and the ability to use the models in real-world environments where high processing speed is important. (4) Conclusion: Although different neural networks perform better on certain types of metrics, YOLO outperforms them on all metrics, showing the best results of mAP-0.88, F1-0.88, and FPS-48, so the focus was on these models.}, language = {en} } @article{PrzymusRykaczewskiMartinSeguraetal.2025, author = {Przymus, Piotr and Rykaczewski, Krzysztof and Mart{\´i}n-Segura, Adri{\´a}n and Truu, Jaak and De Santa Pau, Enrique Carrillo and Kolev, Mikhail and Naskinova, Irina and Gruca, Aleksandra and Sampri, Alexia and Frohme, Marcus and Nechyporenko, Alina}, title = {Deep Learning in Microbiome Analysis: A Comprehensive Review of Neural Network Models}, series = {Frontiers in Microbiology}, volume = {15}, journal = {Frontiers in Microbiology}, publisher = {Frontiers}, issn = {1664-302X}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:526-opus4-19889}, year = {2025}, abstract = {Microbiome research, the study of microbial communities in diverse environments, has seen significant advances due to the integration of deep learning (DL) methods. These computational techniques have become essential for addressing the inherent complexity and high-dimensionality of microbiome data, which consist of different types of omics datasets. Deep learning algorithms have shown remarkable capabilities in pattern recognition, feature extraction, and predictive modeling, enabling researchers to uncover hidden relationships within microbial ecosystems. By automating the detection of functional genes, microbial interactions, and host-microbiome dynamics, DL methods offer unprecedented precision in understanding microbiome composition and its impact on health, disease, and the environment. However, despite their potential, deep learning approaches face significant challenges in microbiome research. Additionally, the biological variability in microbiome datasets requires tailored approaches to ensure robust and generalizable outcomes. As microbiome research continues to generate vast and complex datasets, addressing these challenges will be crucial for advancing microbiological insights and translating them into practical applications with DL. This review provides an overview of different deep learning models in microbiome research, discussing their strengths, practical uses, and implications for future studies. We examine how these models are being applied to solve key problems and highlight potential pathways to overcome current limitations, emphasizing the transformative impact DL could have on the field moving forward.}, language = {en} } @article{NarvekarBerrielDiazKronesHerzigetal.2009, author = {Narvekar, Prachiti and Berriel Diaz, Mauricio and Krones-Herzig, Anja and Hardeland, Ulrike and Strzoda, Daniela and St{\"o}hr, Sigrid and Frohme, Marcus and Herzig, Stephan}, title = {Liver-specific loss of lipolysis-stimulated lipoprotein receptor triggers systemic hyperlipidemia in mice}, series = {Diabetes}, volume = {58}, journal = {Diabetes}, number = {5}, publisher = {American Diabetes Association}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:526-opus4-19954}, pages = {1040 -- 1049}, year = {2009}, abstract = {In mammals, proper storage and distribution of lipids in and between tissues is essential for the maintenance of energy homeostasis. In contrast, aberrantly high levels of triglycerides in the blood ("hypertriglyceridemia") represent a hallmark of the metabolic syndrome and type 2 diabetes. As hypertriglyceridemia has been identified as an important risk factor for cardiovascular complications, in this study we aimed to identify molecular mechanisms in aberrant triglyceride elevation under these conditions. To determine the importance of hepatic lipid handling for systemic dyslipidemia, we profiled the expression patterns of various hepatic lipid transporters and receptors under healthy and type 2 diabetic conditions. A differentially expressed lipoprotein receptor was functionally characterized by generating acute, liver-specific loss- and gain-of-function animal models. We show that the hepatic expression of lipid transporter lipolysis-stimulated lipoprotein receptor (LSR) is specifically impaired in mouse models of obesity and type 2 diabetes and can be restored by leptin replacement. Experimental imitation of this pathophysiological situation by liver-specific knockdown of LSR promotes hypertriglyceridemia and elevated apolipoprotein (Apo)B and E serum levels in lean wild-type and ApoE knockout mice. In contrast, genetic restoration of LSR expression in obese animals to wild-type levels improves serum triglyceride levels and serum profiles in these mice. The dysregulation of hepatic LSR under obese and diabetic conditions may provide a molecular rationale for systemic dyslipidemia in type 2 diabetes and the metabolic syndrome and represent a novel target for alternative treatment strategies in these patients.}, language = {en} } @article{ReunerHengherrMalietal.2010, author = {Reuner, Andy and Hengherr, Steffen and Mali, Brahim and F{\"o}rster, Frank and Arndt, Detlev and Reinhardt, Richard and Dandekar, Thomas and Frohme, Marcus and Br{\"u}mmer, Franz and Schill, Ralph O.}, title = {Stress response in tardigrades: differential gene expression of molecular chaperones}, series = {Cell Stress and Chaperones}, volume = {15}, journal = {Cell Stress and Chaperones}, number = {4}, publisher = {Springer}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:526-opus4-19994}, pages = {423 -- 430}, year = {2010}, abstract = {Semi-terrestrial tardigrades exhibit a remarkable tolerance to desiccation by entering a state called anhydrobiosis. In this state, they show a strong resistance against several kinds of physical extremes. Because of the probable importance of stress proteins during the phases of dehydration and rehydration, the relative abundance of transcripts coding for two α-crystallin heat-shock proteins (Mt-sHsp17.2 and Mt-sHsp19.5), as well for the heat-shock proteins Mt-sHsp10, Mt-Hsp60, Mt-Hsp70 and Mt-Hsp90, were analysed in active and anhydrobiotic tardigrades of the species Milnesium tardigradum. They were also analysed in the transitional stage (I) of dehydration, the transitional stage (II) of rehydration and in heat-shocked specimens. A variable pattern of expression was detected, with most candidates being downregulated. Gene transcripts of one Mt-hsp70 isoform in the transitional stage I and Mt-hsp90 in the anhydrobiotic stage were significantly upregulated. A high gene expression (778.6-fold) was found for the small α-crystallin heat-shock protein gene Mt-sHsp17.2 after heat shock. We discuss the limited role of the stress-gene expression in the transitional stages between the active and anhydrobiotic tardigrades and other mechanisms which allow tardigrades to survive desiccation.}, language = {en} } @article{TillichLehmannSchulzeetal.2012, author = {Tillich, Ulrich M. and Lehmann, Sandra and Schulze, Katja and D{\"u}hring, Ulf and Frohme, Marcus}, title = {The Optimal Mutagen Dosage to Induce Point-Mutations in Synechocystis sp. PCC6803 and Its Application to Promote Temperature Tolerance}, series = {PLoS ONE}, volume = {7}, journal = {PLoS ONE}, number = {11}, issn = {1932-6203}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:526-opus4-6186}, pages = {8}, year = {2012}, abstract = {Random mutagenesis is a useful tool to genetically modify organisms for various purposes, such as adaptation to cultivation conditions, the induction of tolerances, or increased yield of valuable substances. This is especially attractive for systems where it is not obvious which genes require modifications. Random mutagenesis has been extensively used to modify crop plants, but even with the renewed interest in microalgae and cyanobacteria for biofuel applications, there is relatively limited current research available on the application of random mutagenesis for these organisms, especially for cyanobacteria. In the presented work we characterized the lethality and rate of non-lethal point mutations for ultraviolet radiation and methyl methanesulphonate on the model cyanobacteria Synechocystis sp. PCC6803. Based on these results an optimal dosage of 10-50 J/m2 for UV and either 0.1 or 1 v\% for MMS was determined. A Synechocystis wildtype culture was then mutagenized and selected for increased temperature tolerance in vivo. During the second round of mutagenesis the viability of the culture was monitored on a cell by cell level from the treatment of the cells up to the growth at an increased temperature. After four distinct rounds of treatment (two with each mutagen) the temperature tolerance of the strain was effectively raised by about 2°C. Coupled with an appropriate in vivo screening, the described methods should be applicable to induce a variety of desirable characteristics in various strains. Coupling random mutagenesis with high-throughput screening methods would additionally allow to select for important characteristics for biofuel production, which do not yield a higher fitness and can not be selected for in vivo, such as fatty acid concentration. In a combined approach with full genome sequencing random mutagenesis could be used to determine suitable target-genes for more focused methods.}, language = {en} } @article{SchulzeLopezTillichetal.2011, author = {Schulze, Katja and L{\´o}pez, Diana A. and Tillich, Ulrich M. and Frohme, Marcus}, title = {A simple viability analysis for unicellular cyanobacteria using a new autofluorescence assay, automated microscopy, and ImageJ}, series = {BMC Biotechnology}, volume = {11}, journal = {BMC Biotechnology}, number = {118}, issn = {1472-6750}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:526-opus4-6192}, pages = {8}, year = {2011}, abstract = {Currently established methods to identify viable and non-viable cells of cyanobacteria are either time-consuming (eg. plating) or preparation-intensive (eg. fluorescent staining). In this paper we present a new and fast viability assay for unicellular cyanobacteria, which uses red chlorophyll fluorescence and an unspecific green autofluorescence for the differentiation of viable and non-viable cells without the need of sample preparation.}, language = {en} } @article{SchulzeTillichDandekaretal.2013, author = {Schulze, Katja and Tillich, Ulrich M. and Dandekar, Thomas and Frohme, Marcus}, title = {PlanktoVision - an automated analysis system for the identification of phytoplankton}, series = {BMC Bioinformatics}, volume = {14}, journal = {BMC Bioinformatics}, number = {115}, issn = {1471-2105}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:526-opus4-6364}, pages = {10}, year = {2013}, abstract = {Phytoplankton communities are often used as a marker for the determination of fresh water quality. The routine analysis, however, is very time consuming and expensive as it is carried out manually by trained personnel. The goal of this work is to develop a system for an automated analysis.}, language = {en} } @article{TillichWolterSchulzeetal.2014, author = {Tillich, Ulrich M. and Wolter, Nick and Schulze, Katja and Kramer, Dan and Br{\"o}del, Oliver and Frohme, Marcus}, title = {High-throughput cultivation and screening platform for unicellular phototrophs}, series = {BMC Microbiology}, volume = {14}, journal = {BMC Microbiology}, number = {239}, issn = {1471-2180}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:526-opus4-6007}, pages = {13}, year = {2014}, abstract = {In this work we describe and test high-throughput methods with the model organism Synechocystis sp. PCC6803. The required technical automation for these processes was achieved with a Tecan Freedom Evo 200 pipetting robot. The cultivation was performed in 2.2 ml deepwell microtiter plates within a cultivation chamber outfitted with programmable shaking conditions, variable illumination, variable temperature, and an adjustable CO2 atmosphere. Each microtiter-well within the chamber functions as a separate cultivation vessel with reproducible conditions. The automated measurement of various parameters such as growth, full absorption spectrum, chlorophyll concentration, MALDI-TOF-MS, as well as a novel vitality measurement protocol, have already been established and can be monitored during cultivation. Measurement of growth parameters can be used as inputs for the system to allow for periodic automatic dilutions and therefore a semi-continuous cultivation of hundreds of cultures in parallel. The system also allows the automatic generation of mid and long term backups of cultures to repeat experiments or to retrieve strains of interest.}, language = {en} } @article{TillichWolterFrankeetal.2014, author = {Tillich, Ulrich M. and Wolter, Nick and Franke, Philipp and D{\"u}hring, Ulf and Frohme, Marcus}, title = {Screening and genetic characterization of thermo-tolerant Synechocystis sp. PCC6803 strains created by adaptive evolution}, series = {BMC Biotechnology}, volume = {14}, journal = {BMC Biotechnology}, number = {66}, issn = {1472-6750}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:526-opus4-6014}, pages = {15}, year = {2014}, abstract = {Temperature tolerance is an important aspect for commercial scale outdoor cultivation of microalgae and cyanobacteria. While various genes are known to be related to Synechocystis sp. PCC6803's heat shock response, there is very limited published data concerning the specific genes involved in long term thermal tolerance. We have previously used random mutagenesis and adaptive evolution to generate a mixture of strains of Synechocystis sp. PCC6803 with significantly increased thermal tolerance. The genetic modifications leading to the phenotypes of the newly generated strains are the focus of this work.}, language = {en} } @article{KipkorirMuhohoMuliroetal.2015, author = {Kipkorir, R. and Muhoho, S. and Muliro, P. and Mugendi, Beatrice and Frohme, Marcus and Br{\"o}del, Oliver}, title = {Effects of Coffee Processing Technologies on Aroma Profiles and Sensory Quality of Ruiru 11 and SL 28 Kenyan Coffee Varieties}, series = {Asian Journal of Agriculture and Food Sciences}, volume = {3}, journal = {Asian Journal of Agriculture and Food Sciences}, number = {2}, issn = {2321-1571}, doi = {10.15771/2321-1571_2015_1}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:526-opus4-6482}, pages = {178 -- 188}, year = {2015}, abstract = {The study aimed at comparing the effects of three coffee processing methods on aroma profiles and sensory quality of Ruiru 11 and SL 28 coffee varieties. The processing methods varied on stages of processing and method of mucilage removal. The green coffee beans obtained from the three processing methods were graded and roasted, ground and analyzed for the aroma profiles and sensory quality. Headspace Solid phase Microextraction fibre (SPME) technique were used for the extraction of aroma compounds from coffee samples and characterization of the compounds with use of gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Sensory quality were analyzed by an expert panelist. Various volatile aroma compounds were identified in roasted coffee and classified into their chemical classes involving furans, ketones, pyrazines ketones pyridines, pyrroles and acids. The intensity of aroma compounds were compared in terms of their peak areas and variations were noted between the processing methods with the ecopulper showing higher levels of pyrazines such as 2-methylpyrazine, 2-ethyl-6-methylpyrazine, and wet pulper showing higher levels of furans such as furfuryl formate and furfuryl alcohol, acetate. The hand pulper was high in the level of acids and esters such as acetic acid and propanoic acid, ethyl ester. Similar aroma compounds were identified in headspace of Ruiru 11 and SL 28 and there were variations in the intensities of aroma groups such as pyrroles and pyridines. It was concluded that the eco-pulper and hand pulper methods gives better aroma quality than the wet pulper while SL 28 variety gives higher sensory quality than Ruiru 11.}, language = {en} } @article{PraiaHerkenhoffBroedeletal.2022, author = {Praia, Ana Beatriz and Herkenhoff, Marcos Edgar and Br{\"o}del, Oliver and Frohme, Marcus and Saad, Susana Marta Isay}, title = {Sour Beer with Lacticaseibacillus paracasei subsp. paracasei F19: Feasibility and Influence of Supplementation with Spondias mombin L. Juice and/or By-Product}, series = {Foods}, volume = {11}, journal = {Foods}, number = {24}, publisher = {MDPI}, issn = {2304-8158}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:526-opus4-16852}, year = {2022}, abstract = {This study aimed to evaluate the probiotic strain Lacticaseibacillus (L.) paracasei subsp. paracasei F19 (F19) with the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae US-05 (US-05), using Spondias mombin L. ('tapereb{\´a}' or 'caj{\´a}') juice and by-product, in four sour-type beer formulations: control, with bagasse, juice, and juice and bagasse. The viability of F19 was evaluated by pour-plating and PMA-qPCR. Fermentability, in addition to physicochemical and sensory parameters, and aroma and flavor, were evaluated during brewery by using Headspace Solid-Phase Microextraction (HS-SPME) coupled with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). F19 was successful in fermenting bagasse in a MRS medium (9.28 log CFU/mL in 24 h) but had a low viability in hopped wort, growing better in formulations without bagasse or juice. No difference between formulations was observed regarding sensory acceptability, and the HS-SPME/GC-MS revealed different flavors and aroma compounds. In conclusion, the production of a potential probiotic sour beer with F19 and US-05 is feasible regarding probiotic viability. However, S. mombin, as juice or bagasse, threatened probiotic survival. Different flavors and aroma compounds were detected, whereas no difference between formulations was found regarding sensory acceptability. The moderate alcohol content achieved is important for bacterial survival and for the development of a probiotic beer with health claims.}, language = {en} } @article{RadivoievychKolpGrebinyketal.2023, author = {Radivoievych, Aleksandar and Kolp, Benjamin and Grebinyk, Sergii and Prylutska, Svitlana and Ritter, Uwe and Zolk, Oliver and Gl{\"o}kler, J{\"o}rn and Frohme, Marcus and Grebinyk, Anna}, title = {Silent Death by Sound: C60 Fullerene Sonodynamic Treatment of Cancer Cells}, series = {International Journal of Molecular Sciences}, volume = {24}, journal = {International Journal of Molecular Sciences}, number = {2}, publisher = {MDPI}, issn = {1422-0067}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:526-opus4-16877}, year = {2023}, abstract = {The acoustic pressure waves of ultrasound (US) not only penetrate biological tissues deeper than light, but they also generate light emission, termed sonoluminescence. This promoted the idea of its use as an alternative energy source for photosensitizer excitation. Pristine C60 fullerene (C60), an excellent photosensitizer, was explored in the frame of cancer sonodynamic therapy (SDT). For that purpose, we analyzed C60 effects on human cervix carcinoma HeLa cells in combination with a low-intensity US treatment. The time-dependent accumulation of C60 in HeLa cells reached its maximum at 24 h (800 ± 66 ng/106 cells). Half of extranuclear C60 is localized within mitochondria. The efficiency of the C60 nanostructure's sonoexcitation with 1 MHz US was tested with cell-based assays. A significant proapoptotic sonotoxic effect of C60 was found for HeLa cells. C60′s ability to induce apoptosis of carcinoma cells after sonoexcitation with US provides a promising novel approach for cancer treatment.}, language = {en} } @article{AlekseevaNechyporenkoFrohmeetal.2023, author = {Alekseeva, Victoriia and Nechyporenko, Alina and Frohme, Marcus and Gargin, Vitaliy and Meniailov, Ievgen and Chumachenko, Dmytro}, title = {Intelligent Decision Support System for Differential Diagnosis of Chronic Odontogenic Rhinosinusitis Based on U-Net Segmentation}, series = {Electronics}, volume = {12}, journal = {Electronics}, number = {5}, publisher = {MDPI}, issn = {2079-9292}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:526-opus4-17088}, year = {2023}, abstract = {The share of chronic odontogenic rhinosinusitis is 40\% among all chronic rhinosinusitis. Using automated information systems for differential diagnosis will improve the efficiency of decision-making by doctors in diagnosing chronic odontogenic rhinosinusitis. Therefore, this study aimed to develop an intelligent decision support system for the differential diagnosis of chronic odontogenic rhinosinusitis based on computer vision methods. A dataset was collected and processed, including 162 MSCT images. A deep learning model for image segmentation was developed. A 23 convolutional layer U-Net network architecture has been used for the segmentation of multi-spiral computed tomography (MSCT) data with odontogenic maxillary sinusitis. The proposed model is implemented in such a way that each pair of repeated 3 × 3 convolutions layers is followed by an Exponential Linear Unit instead of a Rectified Linear Unit as an activation function. The model showed an accuracy of 90.09\%. To develop a decision support system, an intelligent chatbot allows the user to conduct an automated patient survey and collect patient examination data from several doctors of various profiles. The intelligent information system proposed in this study made it possible to combine an image processing model with a patient interview and examination data, improving physician decision-making efficiency in the differential diagnosis of Chronic Odontogenic Rhinosinusitis. The proposed solution is the first comprehensive solution in this area.}, language = {en} } @article{ChumachenkoButkevychLodeetal.2022, author = {Chumachenko, Dmytro and Butkevych, Mykola and Lode, Daniel and Frohme, Marcus and Schmailzl, Kurt J. G. and Nechyporenko, Alina}, title = {Machine Learning Methods in Predicting Patients with Suspected Myocardial Infarction Based on Short-Time HRV Data}, series = {Sensors}, volume = {22}, journal = {Sensors}, number = {18}, publisher = {MDPI}, issn = {1424-8220}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:526-opus4-16521}, year = {2022}, abstract = {Diagnosis of cardiovascular diseases is an urgent task because they are the main cause of death for 32\% of the world's population. Particularly relevant are automated diagnostics using machine learning methods in the digitalization of healthcare and introduction of personalized medicine in healthcare institutions, including at the individual level when designing smart houses. Therefore, this study aims to analyze short 10-s electrocardiogram measurements taken from 12 leads. In addition, the task is to classify patients with suspected myocardial infarction using machine learning methods. We have developed four models based on the k-nearest neighbor classifier, radial basis function, decision tree, and random forest to do this. An analysis of time parameters showed that the most significant parameters for diagnosing myocardial infraction are SDNN, BPM, and IBI. An experimental investigation was conducted on the data of the open PTB-XL dataset for patients with suspected myocardial infarction. The results showed that, according to the parameters of the short ECG, it is possible to classify patients with a suspected myocardial infraction as sick and healthy with high accuracy. The optimized Random Forest model showed the best performance with an accuracy of 99.63\%, and a root mean absolute error is less than 0.004. The proposed novel approach can be used for patients who do not have other indicators of heart attacks.}, language = {en} } @article{GrebinykPrylutskaGrebinyketal.2022, author = {Grebinyk, Anna and Prylutska, Svitlana and Grebinyk, Sergii and Ponomarenko, Stanislav and Virych, Pavlo and Chumachenko, Vasyl and Kutsevol, Nataliya and Prylutskyy, Yuriy and Ritter, Uwe and Frohme, Marcus}, title = {Drug delivery with a pH-sensitive star-like dextran-graft polyacrylamide copolymer}, series = {Nanoscale Advances}, volume = {4}, journal = {Nanoscale Advances}, number = {23}, publisher = {Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:526-opus4-16749}, pages = {5077 -- 5088}, year = {2022}, abstract = {The development of precision cancer medicine relies on novel formulation strategies for targeted drug delivery to increase the therapeutic outcome. Biocompatible polymer nanoparticles, namely dextran-graft-polyacrylamide (D-g-PAA) copolymers, represent one of the innovative non-invasive approaches for drug delivery applications in cancer therapy. In this study, the star-like D-g-PAA copolymer in anionic form (D-g-PAAan) was developed for pH-triggered targeted drug delivery of the common chemotherapeutic drugs - doxorubicin (Dox) and cisplatin (Cis). The initial D-g-PAA copolymer was synthesized by the radical graft polymerization method, and then alkaline-hydrolyzed to get this polymer in anionic form for further use for drug encapsulation. The acidification of the buffer promoted the release of loaded drugs. D-g-PAAan nanoparticles increased the toxic potential of the drugs against human and mouse lung carcinoma cells (A549 and LLC), but not against normal human lung cells (HEL299). The drug-loaded D-g-PAAan-nanoparticles promoted further oxidative stress and apoptosis induction in LLC cells. D-g-PAAan-nanoparticles improved Dox accumulation and drugs' toxicity in a 3D LLC multi-cellular spheroid model. The data obtained indicate that the strategy of chemotherapeutic drug encapsulation within the branched D-g-PAAan nanoparticle allows not only to realize pH-triggered drug release but also to potentiate its cytotoxic, prooxidant and proapoptotic effects against lung carcinoma cells.}, language = {en} }