@inproceedings{GuentherPrellReiffStephan2022, author = {G{\"u}nther, Norman and Prell, Bastian and Reiff-Stephan, J{\"o}rg}, title = {Industrie 5.0 : von der Vision des menschzentrierten Ansatzes zu soziocyberphysischen Produktionssystemen f{\"u}r die Praxis}, series = {Tagungsband AALE 2022}, booktitle = {Tagungsband AALE 2022}, publisher = {Hochschule f{\"u}r Technik, Wirtschaft und Kultur}, address = {Leipzig}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:526-opus4-15787}, pages = {257 -- 266}, year = {2022}, abstract = {Industrie 4.0 Ans{\"a}tze haben sich in der fertigenden Industrie vielerorts etabliert. Big Data, IIoT und K{\"u}nstliche Intelligenz (KI) erm{\"o}glichen neue Gesch{\"a}ftsmodelle und wirken sich dadurch auch ver{\"a}ndernd auf Produktionssysteme aus. Mit dem Begriff der Industrie 5.0 formuliert sich ein menschzentrierter Ansatz. Die Praxisrelevanz dieser und {\"a}hnlicher Innovationen h{\"a}ngt maßgeblich davon ab, wie derartige Einsatzm{\"o}glichkeiten neuer, digitaler Technologien in die bestehenden Unternehmensstrukturen Einzug halten. Hierbei kommt es also auf Transfer und Akzeptanz neuer Technologien an. Digitalisierung gestaltet sich somit als sozio-technisches Problem. Dieser Beitrag gibt Einblick in aktuell verfolgte Transferans{\"a}tze f{\"u}r Digitalisierung im Mittelstand und leistet einen Teil zu Theoriebildung, als dass er auch einen Ausblick auf weitere Aktivit{\"a}ten in dem Umfeld liefert.}, language = {de} } @article{ReinhardtMahdaviaslPrelletal.2024, author = {Reinhardt, Heiner and Mahdaviasl, Mahtab and Prell, Bastian and Mauersberger, Anton and Klimant, Philipp and Reiff-Stephan, J{\"o}rg and Ihlenfeldt, Steffen}, title = {Efficient data acquisition for traceability and analytics}, series = {Procedia CIRP}, volume = {122}, journal = {Procedia CIRP}, publisher = {Elsevier}, issn = {2212-8271}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:526-opus4-19232}, pages = {73 -- 78}, year = {2024}, abstract = {Implementing processes for traceability is required in various industries to assure product quality during manufacturing, provide evidence on required processing conditions or facilitate product recalls. Commonly, radio-frequency identification (RFID) or code recognition techniques (e.g. Data Matrix) are applied to track the flow of workpieces through a manufacturing system and link processing data accordingly. Although the analysis of tracking data is well-examined, we still see a gap in the research on the trade-off between data acquisition, data analytics and data quality. Here, we present a framework to increase the value of existing data by enabling data analytics while addressing common pitfalls and reducing the costs of data management.}, language = {en} } @article{PrellReiffStephan2023, author = {Prell, Bastian and Reiff-Stephan, J{\"o}rg}, title = {A Use Case for Digital Tools in Crafts: Simulation and Virtual Reality for Carpentries}, series = {Simulation Notes Europe}, volume = {33}, journal = {Simulation Notes Europe}, number = {4}, issn = {2305-9974}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:526-opus4-19326}, pages = {191 -- 198}, year = {2023}, abstract = {This paper presents an integrated approach to explore human factors in the craft sector. The embedded use case consists of craft workshops being 3D-modelled and simulated so that different scheduling rules can be deployed. The connected VR visualization allows craft professionals to experience scheduling rules and their impact on different performance measurements in an environ-ment intuitively resembling their actual workshops. The lessons learned from the simulation modelling are collected and presented. A modular approach appears to be beneficial for simulation modelling, offering flexibility and pragmatism but detail when needed. Apart from this anecdotal evidence, the study is accompanied by interviews. These are analyzed based on abduction grounded theory which combines a strong focus on the actual corpus of qualitative data but considers theoretical foundations, when appropriate. This paper presents the study design, and how it interties with the research approach and the use case of simulation and virtual reality for carpentries.}, language = {en} } @article{PrellReinhardtMauersbergeretal.2023, author = {Prell, Bastian and Reinhardt, Heiner and Mauersberger, Anton and Rauscher, Alexander and Reiff-Stephan, J{\"o}rg and Ihlenfeldt, Steffen}, title = {A survey on sustainability approaches in manufacturing}, series = {Procedia CIRP}, volume = {116}, journal = {Procedia CIRP}, publisher = {Elsevier}, issn = {2212-8271}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:526-opus4-17527}, pages = {101 -- 106}, year = {2023}, abstract = {Awareness about climate change has led to policies and regulations but also customer preferences favoring sustainable production. Thus, producing businesses are confronted by this, as they consume a large share of resources. Therefore, when producing, additional dimensions beyond commercial feasibility ought to be considered. Here, literature on sustainability from the field of engineering science is systematically searched and analyzed for approaches leading to actual recommendations for action. Hence, this bottom-up approach, incorporating the production engineers' point of view, represents an inside view of how the topic of sustainability has arrived at production companies. The focus on commercial feasibility ensures high relevance to practice, as production needs to become both sustainable and competitive. Even though exemplary collections of different approaches addressing the topic of sustainability in production can be found in literature, novelty is provided by the structured manner literature was collected and the special focus on approaches leading to practice-relevant recommendations for action. Thus, a comprehensive overview of approaches applicable to the manufacturing domain is presented.}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{WilbersGuenthervandeSandetal.2025, author = {Wilbers, Simon and G{\"u}nther, Norman and van de Sand, Ron and Prell, Bastian and Reiff-Stephan, J{\"o}rg}, title = {Components of reusable prompts for humanity-centered automation}, series = {Tagungsband AALE 2025 : menschenzentrierte Automation im digitalen Zeitalter}, booktitle = {Tagungsband AALE 2025 : menschenzentrierte Automation im digitalen Zeitalter}, editor = {Reiff-Stephan, J{\"o}rg and J{\"a}kel, Jens and Reichelt, Dirk}, publisher = {Hochschule f{\"u}r Technik, Wirtschaft und Kultur}, address = {Leipzig}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:526-opus4-20148}, pages = {71 -- 78}, year = {2025}, abstract = {The increasing integration of large language models (LLMs) into cyber-physical production systems, necessitating solutions that are both efficient and aligned with human values and needs. Designing effective and reusable prompts is crucial for creating cyber-physical systems(CPS) that are effective, flexible, reliable, user-friendly and aligned with Humanity-centered Automation. This paper introduces essential components of reusable prompts: Versioning, Model Selection, Purpose Definition, Variables, Examples, and Output Structuring. By applying the proposed components, developers might enable CPS employing LLMs to operate with more predictable inputs and outputs, enabling better control over results and facilitating the chaining of multiple prompts or collaboration between different LLMs. These components emerged from extensive experimentation with various LLMs and prompt configurations. The resulting framework supports the maintenance of prompt collections similar to codebases and thus enhances traceability, maintainability, and human oversight. Such structured components for prompt design supports humanity-centered automation by ensuring that technological advances serve human values and improve interaction with complex systems.}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{GuentherPrellvandeSandetal.2024, author = {G{\"u}nther, Norman and Prell, Bastian and van de Sand, Ron and Reiff-Stephan, J{\"o}rg}, title = {Industrie 5.0 Lernumgebung am Beispiel der Wildauer Smart Production}, series = {Tagungsband AALE 2024}, booktitle = {Tagungsband AALE 2024}, editor = {Reiff-Stephan, J{\"o}rg and J{\"a}kel, Jens and St{\"o}cker, Christian}, publisher = {Hochschule f{\"u}r Technik, Wirtschaft und Kultur}, address = {Leipzig}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:526-opus4-18538}, pages = {365 -- 372}, year = {2024}, abstract = {Die Industrie 5.0 fordert neue Lernans{\"a}tze und zeitgleich auch passende Lernumgebungen. Parallel m{\"u}ssen diese neben den didaktischen Herausforderungen auch den Transfer- und {\"U}bertragungsgedanken auf die industriellen Anwendungen gerecht werden. Durch die t{\"a}glich steigende Anzahl vielf{\"a}ltiger KI-Tools insbesondere textgenerierenden Tools, braucht es Systeme mit einem breiten Anwendungsbereich. Im Rahmen des vorliegenden Beitrags geben die Autoren einen Einblick in die Wildauer Smart Production, welche den transdisziplin{\"a}ren Gedanken von Lern- und Transferumgebungen Rechnung tr{\"a}gt, M{\"o}glichkeiten der Gestaltung komplexer Produktionssysteme widerspiegelt, die Integration menschzentrierter Ans{\"a}tze erm{\"o}glicht und als Forschungsumgebung eingesetzt wird.}, language = {de} } @inproceedings{WilbersKupperGuentheretal.2025, author = {Wilbers, Simon and Kupper, Stefan and G{\"u}nther, Norman and van de Sand, Ron and Prell, Bastian and Speck, Sandy and Reiff-Stephan, J{\"o}rg}, title = {Unveiling automation potential through a better understanding of ideal cycle time}, series = {Tagungsband AALE 2025 : menschenzentrierte Automation im digitalen Zeitalter}, booktitle = {Tagungsband AALE 2025 : menschenzentrierte Automation im digitalen Zeitalter}, editor = {Reiff-Stephan, J{\"o}rg and J{\"a}kel, Jens and Reichelt, Dirk}, publisher = {Hochschule f{\"u}r Technik, Wirtschaft und Kultur}, address = {Leipzig}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:526-opus4-20205}, pages = {223 -- 230}, year = {2025}, abstract = {This publication demonstrates that determining the maximum speed or Ideal Cycle Time (ICT) of machinery or cyber-physical systems is crucial for uncovering the limits of automation in a given system. Possibly increasing Overall Equipment Effectiveness (OEE) and identify opportunities for further digitization, automation, and AI integration. Based on literature review and expert interviews, methods for establishing ICT, mentioned in literature were identified and crosscheck with what practitioners in operation actually use and how they apply them. The identified methods were: Empirical Measurement and Data Analysis, Time Studies, Statistical Process Control (SPC), Benchmarking, Simulation and Modeling, Expert Judgment, and Continuous Improvement Practices we. We contrast these with insights obtained from interviews conducted with experts from companies in the German federal State of Brandenburg, representing diverse industries and sectors. Findings suggest that while companies recognize somewhat their ICT or maximum operational speeds, they often lack a structured method for determining them. They frequently use combinations of established methods inconsistently. We deduce that a formalized approach to defining ICT can better reveal system limitations and potential for expanding them through advanced automation and. We argue that a well-defined ICT is essential for pushing the boundaries of automated systems, contributing to more effective and Humanity-Centered Automation (HCA) solutions.}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{PrellGuentherReiffStephan2021, author = {Prell, Bastian and G{\"u}nther, Norman and Reiff-Stephan, J{\"o}rg}, title = {Cyber-Physical Production Systems in Settings with Limited Infrastructure}, series = {2nd German-West African Conference on Sustainable, Renewable Energy Systems (SusRES2021)}, booktitle = {2nd German-West African Conference on Sustainable, Renewable Energy Systems (SusRES2021)}, publisher = {TIB Open Publishing}, address = {Hannover}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:526-opus4-14993}, pages = {229 -- 238}, year = {2021}, abstract = {During the last decade production innovation was mainly focused on connectivity aspects. The vision of smart factories running on software, that uses collected machine data, has become true but foremost for leading industrial companies in highly developed countries. Apart from these, production can also be found in non-industrialized craft professions as well as in less developed countries. As digitalization does not necessarily require an industrial or developed setting the latter could possibly benefit from it as well. Socio-cyber-physical production systems have been used to describe the interdependencies of linked production systems but usually focus on highly developed regions as well as for industrial applications. This paper lines out similarities and differences for each case, introduces the concept of cyber-physical production systems (CPPS) and its extension to socio-CPPS (SCPPS), which emphasizes the role of human workers in the production environment. The relation between industrial, non-industrial production and innovations is examined. Furthermore, the widening of SCCPS concepts for non-industrial production is discussed.}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{WilbersvandeSandPrelletal.2025, author = {Wilbers, Simon and van de Sand, Ron and Prell, Bastian and Reiff-Stephan, J{\"o}rg}, title = {Agentic Recommender System Konzept f{\"u}r nachhaltiges Wissensmanagement}, series = {Wildauer Konferenz f{\"u}r K{\"u}nstliche Intelligenz 2025 (WiKKI25)}, booktitle = {Wildauer Konferenz f{\"u}r K{\"u}nstliche Intelligenz 2025 (WiKKI25)}, editor = {Reiff-Stephan, J{\"o}rg and Beuster, Anja}, publisher = {TIB Open Publishing}, address = {Hannover}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:526-opus4-20764}, year = {2025}, abstract = {Unternehmen stehen vor erheblichen Herausforderungen beim Erhalt, bei der Nutzung und Weitergabe zentralen Wissens. Demografischer Wandel, zunehmender Mitarbeiterfluktuation und steigende organisatorische Komplexit{\"a}t erschweren klassische Dokumentations- und Austauschprozesse, welche auf erhebliche Mitarbeitendenmitwirkung angewiesen sind. Mithilfe generativer KI und agentischer Recommender-Systeme lassen sich diese Hindernisse {\"u}berwinden, indem wichtiges Wissen "on-the-fly" und weitestgehend automatisiert erfasst wird. Ein zentrales Element bildet hierbei die Kombination aus semantischen Embeddings, einer Graphdatenbank und spezialisierten KI-Agenten, die Dokumente und Chatverl{\"a}ufe analysieren, Mitarbeiter gezielt mit Vorschl{\"a}gen unterst{\"u}tzen und Wissen so kontinuierlich aktualisieren. So entsteht eine effektive Wissenskultur mit niedrigen Barrieren f{\"u}r die Nutzung dank minimalem Mehraufwand f{\"u}r die menschlichen Nutzer.}, language = {de} } @article{KoeberleinBankRothetal.2022, author = {K{\"o}berlein, Jana and Bank, Lukas and Roth, Stefan and K{\"o}se, Ekrem and Kuhlmann, Timm and Prell, Bastian and Stange, Maximilian and M{\"u}nnich, Marc and Flum, Dominik and Moog, Daniel and Ihlenfeldt, Steffen and Sauer, Alexander and Weigold, Matthias and Schilp, Johannes}, title = {Simulation Modeling for Energy-Flexible Manufacturing: Pitfalls and How to Avoid Them}, series = {Energies}, volume = {15}, journal = {Energies}, number = {10}, publisher = {MDPI}, issn = {1996-1073}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:526-opus4-16152}, year = {2022}, abstract = {Due to the high share of industry in total electricity consumption, industrial demand-side management can make a relevant contribution to the stability of power systems. At the same time, companies get the opportunity to reduce their electricity procurement costs by taking advantage of increasingly fluctuating prices on short-term electricity markets, the provision of system services on balancing power markets, or by increasing the share of their own consumption from on-site generated renewable energy. Demand-side management requires the ability to react flexibly to the power supply situation without negatively affecting production targets. It also means that the management and operation of production must consider not only production-related parameters but also parameters of energy availability, which further increase the complexity of decision-making. Although simulation studies are a recognized tool for supporting decision-making processes in production and logistics, the simultaneous simulation of material and energy flows has so far been limited mainly to issues of energy efficiency as opposed to energy flexibility, where application-oriented experience is still limited. We assume that the consideration of energy flexibility in the simulation of manufacturing systems will amplify already known pitfalls in conducting simulation studies. Based on five representative industrial use cases, this article provides practitioners with application-oriented experiences of the coupling of energy and material flows in simulation modeling of energy-flexible manufacturing, identifies challenges in the simulation of energy-flexible production systems, and proposes approaches to face these challenges. Seven pitfalls that pose a particular challenge in simulating energy-flexible manufacturing have been identified, and possible solutions and measures for avoiding them are shown. It has been found that, among other things, consistent management of all parties involved, early clarification of energy-related, logistical, and resulting technical requirements for models and software, as well as the application of suitable methods for validation and verification are central to avoiding these pitfalls. The identification and characterization of challenges and the derivation of recommendations for coping with them can raise awareness of typical pitfalls. This paper thus helps to ensure that simulation studies of energy-flexible production systems can be carried out more efficiently in the future.}, language = {en} } @article{ReinhardtMuennichPrelletal.2021, author = {Reinhardt, Heiner and M{\"u}nnich, Marc and Prell, Bastian and Arnold, Roman and Krippner, Fabian and Weber, Marek and Seifert, Frank and Putz, Matthias}, title = {Retrieving properties of manufacturing systems from traceability data for performance evaluation and material flow simulation}, series = {Procedia CIRP}, volume = {104}, journal = {Procedia CIRP}, publisher = {Elsevier}, issn = {2212-8271}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:526-opus4-15600}, pages = {20 -- 25}, year = {2021}, abstract = {The operation of manufacturing systems is increasingly accompanied by data-driven continuous improvement processes and product traceability is required. Commonly, radio-frequency identification (RFID) technology is applied to track the flow of a uniquely-identifiable workpiece along various stations or waypoints within a factory. Based on an automotive use case, this paper describes how to analyze the resulting traceability data in order to identify several properties of a manufacturing system. The acquired knowledge can support performance evaluation and facilitate model building for material flow simulation as a foundation for digital twins and cyber-physical production systems.}, language = {en} } @article{ReinhardtBogdanowArnoldetal.2025, author = {Reinhardt, Heiner and Bogdanow, Boran and Arnold, Roman and Prell, Bastian and Klimant, Philipp and Seifert, Frank and Mahdaviasl, Mahtab and Ihlenfeldt, Steffen}, title = {Objective validation for short-term material flow simulation}, series = {Procedia CIRP}, volume = {134}, journal = {Procedia CIRP}, publisher = {Elsevier}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:526-opus4-20554}, pages = {526 -- 531}, year = {2025}, abstract = {Material flow simulation, by means of discrete event simulation (DES), is utilized in various industries to support production planning and control. This is due to the fact that changes to manufacturing systems and production strategies can be virtually examined before actual implementation. Since the manual development and repeated adjustment of simulation models is time-consuming and error-prone, numerous studies suggest computerized model generation and synchronization. However, validation of such generated or synchronized models is rarely considered. Here, we present an extendible objective validation technique for the repeated short-term simulation of a generated model. To illustrate this, the technique is applied to a high-volume automotive production line and a series of simulation cycles.}, language = {en} } @article{ReinhardtBogdanowArnoldetal.2025, author = {Reinhardt, Heiner and Bogdanow, Boran and Arnold, Roman and Prell, Bastian and Klimant, Philipp and Seifert, Frank and Mahdaviasl, Mahtab and Ihlenfeldt, Steffen}, title = {Subjective validation for short-term material flow simulation}, series = {Procedia CIRP}, volume = {134}, journal = {Procedia CIRP}, publisher = {Elsevier}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:526-opus4-20576}, pages = {562 -- 566}, year = {2025}, abstract = {Material flow simulation, by means of discrete event simulation (DES), is frequently applied to support decision-making in production planning and control. However, manual modeling can be time-consuming and error-prone. Hence, numerous studies propose the automation of model generation and synchronization to overcome these challenges. However, in this context, validation techniques are rarely addressed. Therefore, we introduce a subjective validation technique for short-term material flow simulation based on a coherent methodology for data acquisition and visualization. The methodology is utilized to evaluate the outcome of an approach for computerized model generation and simulation. By means of an industrial use case, we hypothesize the causes for the deviation between the operation of a manufacturing system and the simulation of its generated virtual companion.}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{WalterGuentherPrelletal.2023, author = {Walter, Elias Fabian and G{\"u}nther, Norman and Prell, Bastian and Wilbers, Simon and Reiter, Philipp and Reiff-Stephan, J{\"o}rg and Berger, Ulrich}, title = {Optimierung visueller Benutzeroberfl{\"a}chen zur Stressreduzierung}, series = {Tagungsband AALE 2023 : Mit Automatisierungstechnik gegen den Klimawandel}, booktitle = {Tagungsband AALE 2023 : Mit Automatisierungstechnik gegen den Klimawandel}, publisher = {Hochschule f{\"u}r Technik, Wirtschaft und Kultur}, address = {Leipzig}, isbn = {978-3-910103-01-6}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:526-opus4-17163}, pages = {1 -- 10}, year = {2023}, abstract = {Durch die Menschzentrierung in der Industrie 5.0 sollten bestehende Ans{\"a}tze hinterfragt und gepr{\"u}ft werden. Gerade der, durch die Digitalisierung hervorgerufene, Technostress sollte neben dem Fachkr{\"a}ftemangel einen zunehmenden Betrachtungsfaktor im Produktionsumfeld erhalten. Da trotz bisheriger Maßnahmen eine stetige Zunahme von Stress zu verzeichnen ist. Auff{\"a}llig sind dabei die Arbeitsunf{\"a}higkeits-Fehltage, welche im letzten Jahr um weitere 6 \% bzw. um 18,2 Fehltage gestiegen sind. Womit durchschnittlich jede Erwerbsperson 3,17 Tage unter der Diagnose „psychische St{\"o}rung" krankgeschrieben wurde. Um diesen Trend entgegenzuwirken, betrachtet der Beitrag die M{\"o}glichkeiten der Software-Ergonomie, womit die Gestaltung von HMIs (Mensch-Maschinen-Interfaces) den Menschen gezielter ber{\"u}cksichtigt um etwaige Belastungen zu reduzieren. Im Rahmen der komplement{\"a}ren Industrie 4.0 und der einhergehenden Informationsflut, bestimmen immer komplexer werdende Schnittstellen und Bedienoberfl{\"a}chen einen Großteil des Arbeitsalltags. Diese erm{\"o}glichen den Anwenderinnen und Anwendern neben einem schnellen {\"U}berblick {\"u}ber Maschinendaten, Prozessabl{\"a}ufe und Handlungsempfehlungen die M{\"o}glichkeit zur einfachen Bedienung der technischen Anlagen. Der hier vorgestellte Ansatz betrachtet am Beispiel einer Bestandsanlage, wo sich Potenziale in der Stressreduzierung im Bereich der visuellen Benutzerschnittstellen befinden und welche Auswirkungen eine Ver{\"a}nderung der Leitf{\"u}hrung erm{\"o}glicht. Hierf{\"u}r wurde eine mehrphasige Studie durchgef{\"u}hrt dessen Ergebnisse im Bereich des Eye-Trackings sowie anhand von Vitalwerten im vorliegenden Beitrag diskutiert werden.}, language = {de} } @inproceedings{StoldtPrellRabeetal.2021, author = {Stoldt, Johannes and Prell, Bastian and Rabe, Markus and Wenzel, Sigrid and Thiede, Sebastian}, title = {A Criteria-based Database for Research and Applications of Energy-oriented Simulation in Production and Logistics}, series = {Simulation in Produktion und Logistik 2021}, booktitle = {Simulation in Produktion und Logistik 2021}, publisher = {Cuvillier Verlag}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:526-opus4-21356}, pages = {93 -- 102}, year = {2021}, abstract = {Within the Section "Simulation in Production and Logistics" of the association for simulation in the German-speaking area (ASIM), the relevance of energy-related considerations led to the foundation of a dedicated scientific workgroup. One of their primary results is a comprehensive literature overview of related approaches from research and industrial perspectives. The experts cooperated to identify, evaluate, and classify relevant literature. Interim findings have been published with special emphasis on logistics and manufacturing. Recently, work was focused on converting the findings into a structured database, to foster the involvement of other experts by providing consistent access to all results in the public domain and to provide means to submit new contributions proactively to the group. Thus, the workgroup intends to raise awareness and motivate other researchers to join the effort. This paper summarises the rationale and methodology of the activities as well as the provision as a public database.}, language = {en} }