@article{TannenbergTscheuschnerRaabetal.2026, author = {Tannenberg, Robert and Tscheuschner, Georg and Raab, Christopher and Flemig, Sabine and D{\"o}ring, Sarah and Ponader, Marco and Thurmann, Melinda and Paul, Martin and Weller, Michael G.}, title = {Simplified Sample Preparation and Lateral Flow Immunoassay for the Detection of Plant Viruses}, series = {Biosensors}, volume = {16}, journal = {Biosensors}, number = {2}, publisher = {MDPI}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:526-opus4-21294}, year = {2026}, abstract = {Lateral flow immunoassays (LFAs) are widely used for on-site testing; however, their use for the rapid detection of plant viruses in the field is often limited by inconvenient sample preparation. Here, we present a new sampling method and a simplified dipstick LFA format for the detection and monitoring of cowpea chlorotic mottle virus (CCMV) as a model plant pathogen. The assay employs a monoclonal mouse antibody for capture and a poly-clonal rabbit antibody conjugated to 80 nm gold nanoparticles for detection. Conventional sample and conjugate pads are omitted, allowing the test strips to be dipped directly into wells containing plant extract and antibody-gold conjugate. No plastic casing was required, which could lead to a reduction in waste. It was shown that CCMV concentrations as low as 3.5 μg/L or 350 pg per sample could be reliably detected in 15 min. Specificity tests confirmed that other plant viruses, cowpea mosaic virus (CPMV) and tobacco mosaic virus (TMV), did not produce false-positive results. In addition, we describe a new method for on-site sampling using a manual punch and a syringe equipped with a frit. This step combines grinding the sample, extraction, filtration, and reconstitution and mixing of the antibody-gold conjugate, enabling the analysis of punched leaf disks without laboratory equipment. When applied to CCMV-infected cowpea plants, the assay revealed systemic infection before visual symptoms became apparent. This work demonstrates that simplified LFAs combined with innovative sampling techniques can provide sensitive, specific, and rapid diagnostics for crop monitoring and support early intervention strategies in agriculture.}, language = {en} } @article{SchlegelKrumnowBoehmeetal.2021, author = {Schlegel, Susanne and Krumnow, Erik and B{\"o}hme, Andrea and Minieri, Marilena and Foitzik, Andreas}, title = {Miniaturized Blood Sampling System with Integrated Sample Preparation}, series = {Materials Science Forum}, volume = {1016}, journal = {Materials Science Forum}, publisher = {Trans Tech Publications}, issn = {0255-5476}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:526-opus4-18812}, pages = {1280 -- 1284}, year = {2021}, abstract = {Blood sampling as well as sample preparation are time consuming and requires a strict procedure, which is generally performed by medical trained personal. Not carrying out the procedure correctly could result in an infection of the patient or contamination of the sample itself. These limitations should be especially considered in case of pandemic outbreaks. In order to handle such a high number of patients a novel sample preparation system paired with modern blood sampling procedure is necessary. For this reason, a new device for blood sampling and preparation is designed containing an integrated microfluidic system. The fabrication is carried out by utilizing micro moulding of PDMS as well as micro milling. A first set of initial experiments as part of a first-generation study shows promising results. However, further steps of optimisation considering flow time and preparation cycle are part of a second-generation study.}, language = {en} }