O Economic Development, Technological Change, and Growth
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Institute
Das SaaS-Geschäftsmodell stellt IT-Abteilungen vor neue Herausforderungen und Möglichkeiten. IT-Abteilungen sind gefordert SaaS-Angebote in bestehende IT-Landschaften zu integrieren. Zudem können IT-Abteilungen selbst SaaS-Angebot bereitstellen und sich damit einen neuen Markt unternehmensintern und unternehmensübergreifend erschließen. GobiT und ITIL können für die Steuerung des SaaS-Lieferanten- und Kundenbeziehungsmanagement und für die SaaS-Produktion sinnvoll eingesetzt werden.
Business collaboration and information sharing becomes more and more important for companies, mainly driven by economics of scale and the strategic value of network knowledge. In this paper we will describe how process mining results will increase the willingness of cross company data aggregation and the usage of shared business collaboration infrastructures. The results of our contributions are based on process and data analyses in the customer relation management of a leading German passenger airline. As information sharing is considered a central challenge among supply chain partners, we describe the role of data aggregation as a requirement for process mining in collaborative infrastructures. Aggregating data on the one hand can preserve companies from compromising their local data. On the other hand valuable network information may get lost. We use process mining to derive collaborative business process models. Therefore, we evaluate the impact of data aggregation on the significance of process mining results.
Cloud Computing is emerging as a predominant paradigm for obtaining and providing computing functionality in the enterprise. Organizations that are planning to use cloud computing offerings struggle with the question “How do I choose the right offering?” Cloud offerings exhibit a variety of pricing models and different levels of service and functionality. In this article the authors define first Cloud Computing in the context of IT Governance. Then they set criteria to compare different offerings at the level of Software-as-a-Service (SaaS). This is an important precondition for the reduction of the verifiable information asymmetry and uncertainty in the cloud market. Besides deficiencies on the supply side, regarding configuration, display and communication of service bundles, the limited knowledge of potential buyers is main reason for the modest adoption. The authors apply strategies derived from information economics to reduce this asymmetry by integrating information substitutes in the service marketplace description, thereby transforming experience and credence qualities into search qualities.
For organizations that plan to use online software applications via Internet one of the most important questions is, ”How do you choose the right ASP for the companies corporate needs?”. ASP marketplaces offer a plurality of pricing models and different levels of service. From whole system and whole service to single applications and methods, every digital product and service can be provided through an ASP marketplace. There is a need for ASP marketplaces, which gives the user a transparent insight into the ASP market. In this paper we define Application Service Providing in the context of Outsourcing. Then we analyze relevant software classes for ASP marketplaces. Finally we will set criteria to compare different levels of service of ASP marketplace. This paper gives an overview of key characteristics ASP marketplace provider must take into account by preparing the business process in order to successfully deliver application services.
Cities in Europe face the challenge of combining competitiveness and sustainable urban development. Technology such as wireless communication and ubiquitous computing is playing an increasingly important role in this context, helping to co-create solutions which can make the urban space „smarter‟. The city of Berlin is launching the project „Wireless City Berlin‟ (WCB) to demonstrate the potential of such technologies in multiple application scenarios. This paper analyses the terms „smart‟ and „wireless‟ with respect to urban development and introduces a typology of wireless city initiatives. Further, it presents the main work areas of the WCB project and relates it to other wireless city initiatives in Europe.
Absolvent.de ist ein seit 1998 bestehendes Online-Jobportal, welches sich auf die Vermittlung von Jobs und Praktika für Hochschulabsolventen spezialisiert hat. Im Zuge eines bevorstehenden Relaunchs sollen neben den Funktionalitäten und eingesetzten Technologien auch das Corporate Design und das Webinterface Design erneuert werden. Die Entwicklung von Corporate Design und Webinterface Design für absolvent.de ist Gegenstand dieser Arbeit. Dazu werden im theoretischen Teil der Arbeit objektive Anforderungen und Funktionen des Corporate Designs und des Webinterface Designs genannt und erläutert. Im praktischen Teil werden am Beispiel des Online-Jobportals absolvent.de systematische Methoden für die Entwicklung eines den Anforderungen entsprechenden Corporate- und Webinterface Designs aufgezeigt und angewendet. Anhand des systematischen Vorgehens bei der Designentwicklung wird die schrittweise Verringerung der Komplexität der Aufgabenstellung deutlich und die entwickelten Ergebnisse werden plausibel und nachvollziehbar. Das Buch dient als Leitfaden bei der Entwicklung von Corporate Design und Webinterface Design und richtet sich somit an Grafik-, Web- und Interfacedesigner.
Dienstbasierte Architekturen bilden zunehmend eine attraktive Ergänzung zu den klassischen Geschäftsmodellen der Softwarenutzung. Das Buch erläutert die für webbasierte Dienste relevanten technischen und ökonomischen Konzepte. Anschließend werden unter Zuhilfenahme von empirischen Analysen und Experimenten aktuelle Markttrends und Marktprozesse beschrieben. Dabei gehen die Autoren auch auf die aus dem Konsumgüterbereich bekannten Vertrauensprobleme und Informationsasymmetrien ein und erörtern deren Konsequenzen für den Entwurf von erfolgreichen Geschäftsmodellen und Märkten. Einschlägige Fallstudien ergänzen die Darstellung.
RFID
(2010)
RFID bietet Unternehmen eine Vielzahl von Vorteilen im Bereich der Automatisierung und Prozesstransparenz. Gleichzeitig stellt die Technologie die Unternehmen vor technische, organisatorische, ökonomische, rechtliche und sozioökonomische Herausforderungen. In diesem Buch werden die grundlegenden Funktionen der RFID-Technologie und Lösungskonzepte zur Integration in die betrieblichen Informationssysteme vorgestellt. Insbesondere die Standards des Internet der Dinge' werden maßgeblich den Erfolg der RFID-Technologie beeinflussen. Für die RFID-Einführung in Unternehmen wird in diesem Buch ein methodisch fundiertes Vorgehensmodell präsentiert. Die während des Vorgehensmodells eingesetzten Entscheidungsmethoden zur Potential- und Wirtschaftlichkeitsanalyse werden ausführlich beschrieben und es wird auf unterstützende Softwarewerkzeuge verwiesen.
The continuous optimization of business processes is becoming an increasingly important factor for a company’s long-term success. Maturity models for business processes aim at maintaining a distinct quality of processes and help to determine the maturity level of the processes and the company’s maturity. Previous research has shown the lack of transparency and standardization for maturity models. In particular, existing maturity models were not scientifically compared and evaluated among themselves. Uncertainty and unawareness in selection and application of adequate
maturity models can be observed in applied science and practice. The aim of the scientific work was to evaluate existing business process maturity models in terms of strengths and weaknesses in order to provide a comprehensive and reliable knowledge-based on specific evaluation criteria setting. The conclusions have been used to take advantage of one of the pre-chosen models to measure the maturity of a business process. The examined models were CMMI, BPMM-OMG, PEMM and EDEN. The applied methodology consists of literature research, empirical findings and practical application. The empirical findings comprise a purpose-made questionnaire and an outcome weighted in terms of importance and / or appliance. A particular challenge of the research
was to compare the different maturity models based on their criteria, scales and general scope.
The aim of this paper is to investigate the motivations that lead higher education students to replace several Learning Management Systems (LMS) services with cloud file hosting services for information sharing and collaboration among them. The research approach is based on the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM). More specifically, the model is devoted to identifying barriers and enablers to the acceptance of these technologies. A questionnaire comprising three factors (Attitude toward using technology, Perceived ease of use and Perceived usefulness) was applied to a sample consisting of 121 higher education students. Results show that the
perceived ease of use of cloud file hosting services is above that of LMS tools and services and that cloud file hosting services presented higher levels of perceived usefulness than standard learning management tools. In addition, attitude toward using cloud file hosting services is well above that of using LMS tools.
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A key point that remains to be addressed is the assurance of service levels for end-user applications that rely on these provider models. This chapter describes an approach for addressing non-functional properties (NFPs) of services in service-oriented architectures (SOA). The approach is based on reference models such as the IT Infrastructure Library (ITIL) and the SOA life cycle model. It has been applied in several industrial settings in the telecommunications sector.
The purpose of this work is to provide a representative survey of current trends in the perception, assessment and adoption of cloud computing within the enterprise. Cloud computing can be regarded as the general principle for using and providing web and grid services. First, we provide a meta-study, where we evaluate existing and published empirical studies. Furthermore, we conduct and evaluate an own empirical study with a representative group of European and International enterprises. Key findings of the work include the significantly higher importance of Business Drivers for the adoption of cloud computing, as compared to Technical Drivers.
Enterprises today often strive to keep up with the paces of technological development. A particular case in point is the IT function where traditional governance approaches are often questioned by technology trends. Examples for such trends in the last ten years are the service-oriented architecture (SOA) and cloud computing. The introduction of SOA in the enterprise was one of the key enablers for cloud computing. Therefore, it can serve as a natural fit for bringing traditional IT governance approaches forward to the challenges of cloud governance. This article presents an approach for extending IT governance mindsets to the areas of SOA and cloud governance. It allows an IT organisation the adaptation and the continuous usage of already established governance knowledge and models during the adoption of cloud computing solutions. The authors also present an application case study where they demonstrate the feasibility of the approach in real-life scenarios in the context of an international telecommunication provider.
Knowledge of behavioral patterns of a system can contribute to an optimized management and governance of the same system, or of similar systems. While human experience often manifests itself as intuition, intuition can be notoriously misleading, particularly in the case of quantitative data and subtle relations between different data sets. This article augments managerial intuition with knowledge derived from a specific byproduct of automated transaction processing performance and log data of the processing software. More specifically, the authors consider data generated by incident management and ticketing systems within IT support departments. The authors’ approach utilizes a rigorous analysis methodology based on System Dynamics. This allows for identifying real causalities and hidden dependencies between different datasets. The authors can then use them to derive and assemble knowledge bases for improved management and governance in this context. This approach is able to provide more in depth insights as compared to typical data visualization and dashboard techniques. In the experimental results section, the authors demonstrate the feasibility of the approach. It is applied on real life datasets and log files from an international telecommunication provider and considered different improvements in management and governance that result from it.
Dependability should be considered throughout the phases of the SOA life cycle. This article proposes the application of a service level management approach to address dependability and presents dependability-related activities for every stage (Model, Assemble, Deploy, and Manage) of the SOA life cycle. Furthermore, we describe the concepts and the formalisms that are behind these activities. Following these activities service providers and aggregators can offer optimized levels of dependability from their existing services and thus better meet user requirements.
Cloud Computing is emerging as a predominant paradigm for obtaining and providing computing functionality in the enterprise. Organizations that are planning to use cloud computing offerings struggle with the question “How do I choose the right offering?” Cloud offerings exhibit a variety of pricing models and different levels of service and functionality. In this article the authors define first Cloud Computing in the context of IT Governance. Then they set criteria to compare different offerings at the level of Software-as-a-Service (SaaS). This is an important precondition for the reduction of the verifiable information asymmetry and uncertainty in the cloud market. Besides deficiencies on the supply side, regarding configuration, display and communication of service bundles, the limited knowledge of potential buyers is main reason for the modest adoption. The authors apply strategies derived from information economics to reduce this asymmetry by integrating information substitutes in the service marketplace description, thereby transforming experience and credence qualities into search qualities.
When optimizing IT operations organizations typically aim to optimize resource usage. In general, there are two kinds of IT resources - IT infrastructures and IT staff. An optimized utilization of these resources requires both quantitative and qualitative analysis. While IT infrastructures can offer raw data for such analyses, data about IT staff often requires additional preparation and augmentation. One source for IT staff-related data can be provided by incident management and ticketing systems. While performance data from such systems is often stored in logfiles it is rarely evaluated extensively. In this article we propose the usage of such data sources for IT staff behavior evaluation and also present the relevant augmentation techniques. We claim that our approach is able to provide more in-depth insights as compared to typical data visualization and dashboard techniques. Our modeling methodology is based on the approach of system dynamics. We also provide formal models and simulation results where we demonstrate the feasibility of the approach using real-life logfiles from an international telecommunication provider.