Refine
Year of publication
Document Type
- Article (15)
- Part of a Book (4)
- Book (3)
- Conference Proceeding/Conference Report (2)
- Lecture/Speech (1)
- Working Paper (1)
Is part of the Bibliography
- yes (26)
Keywords
- Common European Sales Law (3)
- Innovation (3)
- Comparative Law (2)
- Contract Law (2)
- European Contract Law (2)
- European Union (2)
- Fashion (2)
- Institutional Competition (2)
- Intellectual Property Rights (2)
- Japan (2)
- Bad Checks (1)
- Bekleidung (1)
- Business Administration Degree Courses (1)
- Choice of Law (1)
- Criminal Penalties (1)
- Decriminalization (1)
- Economic Growth (1)
- Empirical Analysis (1)
- Empirical Legal Research (1)
- Empirical Legal Studies (ELS) (1)
- Employee (1)
- Employees (1)
- Entrepreneurship (1)
- Entwicklung (1)
- Ethnography (1)
- European Sales Law (1)
- Family Business (1)
- Geistiges Eigentum (1)
- Happiness (1)
- Innovationen (1)
- Innovationswettbewerb (1)
- International Carriage of Goods by Road (CMR) (1)
- Interviews (1)
- Japanese Businessmen (1)
- Law Course (1)
- Law-Making (1)
- Leadership (1)
- Learned Law (1)
- Legal Norms (1)
- Legal Research (1)
- Managerial Behavior (1)
- Medieval (1)
- Mittelalter (1)
- Mode (1)
- Modeindustrie (1)
- Patent (1)
- Privatization (1)
- Public prosecution (1)
- Recht (1)
- Rechtskompetenz (1)
- Rechtswesen (1)
- Risk (1)
- Risk Management (1)
- Risk Taking (1)
- Social Norms (1)
- Social and cultural Norms (1)
- Teaching and Learning Law (1)
- Unternehmensführung (1)
- Well-Being (1)
- Well-Being Policy (1)
- criminal justice systems (1)
- economics of crime (1)
Institute
Law is firmly established as an integral and independent component of most business and economics degree courses. The objective of this article is to examine the contents and teaching methods generally employed in the law courses required for degrees in business and economics. As a rule both the contents and the teaching methods are adopted from degree courses for law students. However, to date there has been little discussion as to whether teaching procedures that have been developed for law students are also suitable for business and economics students. The article shows what problems can arise if course contents and teaching methods are adopted without reflection and without adapting them to the needs of the target group. This overview is then taken as a basis for a proposal as to how the content of law courses can be taught in a practice-oriented way, adapting and further developing the curricula that have proved suitable for law students to the needs of students of business and economics. The use of presentations of the legal life cycle of business organisations and discussions of management case studies on legal problems as didactic models are introduced and practical teaching issues are discussed. The aim is to raise students’ awareness of the legal problems that are important in running a company and to teach them skills that they can later use to deal with problems in their daily work.
Over the last decade empirical legal studies have become a popular subfield of legal research. Legal scholars have increasingly begun to employ social science research methods in their attempts to provide answers to research questions in the field of law. The goal of empirical legal research is to make a contribution to all subjects and phenomena that are of interest to law and for which no methods have previously been available. The use of empirical methods in legal science can lead to results that cannot be achieved by the methods of traditional law research. The ultimate aim of the approach is to contribute to a systematic understanding of our legal system based on empirical data. In this article I give an overview of the development of empirical legal studies as an independent subfield of legal research, followed by an introduction to two popular studies to illustrate the potential and limitations of this new field of research. I then discuss some controversial topics such as the widespread view that empirical research is
objective and value-free, the relevance of methodological problems and the problem of over-simplification of the complexity of legal issues. I conclude with a look at future prospects for empirical legal research.
The aim of this study is to contribute towards developing an in-depth theory of the social and cultural norms that govern risk-taking and innovative behaviour in India, a field in which there has been little research to date. Qualitative data on this aspect of Indian entrepreneurial culture were collected in the Bangalore, Chennai, Delhi and Mumbai industrial regions. The study is mainly based on qualitative expert interviews and participant observation of entrepreneurs. The chapter introduces the whole study and presents first findings from an in-depth analysis of the risk-taking behaviour of two Indian managers. The chapter is part of a larger comparative study whose aim is to compare the social norms that govern risk-taking behaviour in India, Japan and Germany.
What Makes Prosecutors Independent? - Analyzing the Determinants of the Independence of Prosecutors
(2017)
The prosecution of criminal suspects is an integral part of a country's justice system. While substantial scholarly attention has been devoted to the study of the police and judges and their relevance to the rule of law, surprisingly little is known about prosecutors. The aim of this paper is to contribute towards filling this knowledge gap. We first demonstrate the rising importance of prosecutors for criminal justice systems around the world. We identify the independence of prosecution agencies from the other two branches of government as a centrally important characteristic and then proceed to analyze the determinants of de facto prosecutorial independence from a political economy perspective. We find that press freedom, the immunity of parliamentarians and belonging to the common law tradition are positively associated with higher de facto independence.
Zwischen 1200 und 1600 setzte sich die wirtschaftliche Entwicklung in Westeuropa von der in allen anderen Weltregionen ab. Gegen Ende dieser Periode lag das Pro-Kopf-Einkommensniveau deutlich höher als irgendwo sonst auf der Welt. Wir bringen diese einzigartige Entwicklung in Verbindung mit der Rezeption des römischen Rechts, dem Aufstieg des Kirchenrechts und der Entwicklung der Rechtswissenschaft als methodisch geleiteter akademischer Disziplin, die an Universitäten gelehrt wurde. Wir testen zwei konkurrierende Hypothesen über den Einfluss dieser Entwicklung auf das wirtschaftliche Wachstum im mittelalterlichen Europa. Der ersten These zufolge war die Ausbreitung des materiellen römischen Rechts dem Aufschwung des Handels und dem ökonomischen Wachstum förderlich. Nach der zweiten und konkurrierenden These war das Wachstum keine Folge der Rezeption römisch rechtlicher Normen, sondern vielmehr der rationalen, wissenschaftlichen und systemischen Eigenschaften des römischen und des Kirchenrechts sowie der Ausbildung von Juristen an den neu gegründeten Universitäten (Verwissenschaftlichung). Das verlieh dem Recht eine ganz Westeuropa durchwirkende innovative Flexibilität, die auch das Handelsrecht (lex mercatoria) und das überkommene Gewohnheitsrecht beeinflusste. Unter Verwendung von Daten über die Einwohnerzahl in mehr als 200 europäischen Städten, die wir als groben Indikator für die Entwicklung der Pro-Kopf-Einkommens verwenden, stellen wir fest, dass nicht in erster Linie die Rezeption römischen Rechts in einer Region entscheidend war. Vielmehr war es die Zunahme juristischer Fakultäten an den Universitäten und das Entstehen einer rechtswissenschaftlichen Methodik durch Glossatoren und Kommentatoren und ihre Interpretation und Systematisierung der Quellen des römischen Rechts (Corpus Juris Civilis, Digesten) und des kanonischen Rechts. Die neu entstandene Fähigkeit, allgemeine normative Schlüsse aus diesen Quellen zu ziehen, führte zu Abstraktion, Methodologie und dem Aufstieg des gelehrten Rechts als akademischer Disziplin. Wo immer in Europa Rechtsfakultäten eingerichtet wurden, erlernten Juristen neue, bisher unbekannte Fähigkeiten und Fertigkeiten, die förderlich für Handel und Gewerbe waren. Dies galt in allen Regionen, in denen das neue Recht gelehrt wurde unabhängig davon, ob und in welchem Umfang in der Region das römische Recht sich durchsetzte.
English Abstract:
Between the years 1200 and 1600 economic development in Catholic Europe gained momentum. By the end of this period per capita income levels were well above the income levels in all other regions of the world. We relate this unique development to the resurrection of Roman law, the rise of Canon law and the establishment of law as a scholarly and scientific discipline taught in universities. We test two competing hypotheses on the impact of these processes on economic growth in medieval Europe. The first conjecture is that the spread of substantive Roman law was conducive to the rise of commerce and economic growth. The second and competing conjecture is that growth occurred not as a result of the reception of substantive Roman law but rather because of the rational, scientific and systemic features of Roman and Canon law and the training of jurists in the newly established universities (Verwissenschaftlichung). This gave the law throughout Europe an innovative flexibility, which also influenced merchant law (lex mercatoria), and customary law. Using data on the population of more than 200 European cities as a proxy for per capita income we find that an important impact for economic development was not primarily the content of Roman law, but the rise of law faculties in universities and the emergence of a legal method developed by glossators and commentators in their interpretation and systematization of the sources of Roman law (Corpus Juris Civilis, Digests) and Canon law. The endeavor to extract general normative conclusions from these sources led to abstraction, methodology, and the rise of law as a scholarly discipline. Wherever law faculties were founded anywhere in Europe jurists learned new legal concepts and skills which were unknown before and conducive for doing business.
Spanish Abstract:
Entre 1200 y 1600 el desarrollo económico en la Europa católica experimentó un notable impulso. Al final de este periodo los niveles de ingreso per cápita se encontraban bien por encima de aquellos correspondientes a otras regiones del mundo. Nosotros relacionamos este único desarrollo con el resucitar del Derecho Romano, el ascenso del Derecho Canónico y el establecimiento del Derecho como una disciplina escolástica y científica enseñada en las universidades. En esta ocasión, ponemos a prueba dos hipótesis concurrentes respecto del impacto que estos procesos han tenido sobre el crecimiento económico en Europa medieval. La primera de estas es que la propagación del Derecho Romano ha sido conducente al aumento del comercio y del crecimiento económico. La segunda y concurrente hipótesis es que el crecimiento no se dio como resultado de la recepción del Derecho Romano, sino como consecuencia de ser este un Derecho, junto con el Canónico, de naturaleza racional, científica y sistemática; y también como resultado del entrenamiento en estas disciplinas de los juristas en la universidades que recientemente se habían establecido (Verwissenschaftligung). Conjuntamente esto dio al Derecho a través de Europa una flexibilidad innovadora, la cual también influyó el Derecho Mercante (lex mercatoria), y el Derecho Consuetudinario. Utilizando datos sobre la población en más de 200 ciudades europeas como proxy del ingreso per cápita, podemos observar que un importante impacto sobre el desarrollo económico no fue principalmente el contenido del Derecho Romano como tal, sino el surgimiento de facultades de Derecho en las universidades y la aparición de un método jurídico desarrollado por glosadores y comentaristas en sus respectivas interpretaciones y sistematización de las fuentes del Derecho Romano (compuesto, entre otros, por el Corpus Juris Civilis y el Digesto); y del Derecho Canónico. El esfuerzo de obtener conclusiones normativas generales de estas fuentes de Derecho tuvo como resultado una abstracción, una metodología y el surgimiento del Derecho como una disciplina académica. Cuando quiera que alguna facultad de Derecho fuera fundada en cualquier lugar de Europa los juristas aprendían tanto conceptos jurídicos nuevos como habilidades que antes habían permanecido desconocidas y que ahora se consideran propicias para la actividad comercial.
The Commission of the European Union has identified divergences between the national contract laws of the Member States as an obstacle to the completion of the European Internal Market and put this issue on its highest political agenda. Alexander J. Wulf analyses and predicts the effects. The study is situated in the context of the recent developments in the discussion on European contract law. The book begins with an introduction to the economic and legal theories that serve as the rationale for the development of the line of argument. These theories are then applied to the issues involved in the current controversy on European contract law. The author develops a model that he uses to analyze the institutional processes of European contract law. Empirical data are employed to test this model and discuss the results. From his analysis the author develops criteria that can serve as a starting point for thinking about the economic desirability of an optional European contract law.
Well-being and Risk-taking Behavior: a Case Study of Employee Well-being Policies in Corporate Japan
(2013)
This article describes risk taking and well-being in corporate Japan. A case study of a research intensive manufacturing company shows how a corporate management can design its business strategy to contribute to the well-being of the employees. An in-depth expert interview with the company’s Chief Executive Officer and a qualitative content analysis of official company documents present and discuss the firm’s employee well-being policy. Findings show that the organization employs its business philosophy to promote a working environment that encourages constructive risk-taking. This leads to technological innovations and improved competitiveness on the market. Furthermore, the company is successful in contributing to the well-being of its employees and other stakeholders.