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This paper deals with the preparation of the Small GEO mission and the accommodation of a GPS receiver as an experiment. The expected benefits of using the GPS receiver for Small GEO are explained. The feasibility of using GPS for position determination is investigated by simulation using a MosaicGNSS receiver, which was stimulated by a Spirent RF signal generator. A procedure, how to evaluate flight data on ground is outlined. Success criteria of the experiment and the minimal size of the downlink stream required and reserved for the receiver TM are presented.
Background
Multimorbidity in the older population is well acknowledged to negatively affect health-related quality of life (HRQL). Several studies have examined the independent effects of single diseases; however, little research has focused on interaction between diseases. The purpose of this study was to assess the impact of six self-reported major conditions and their combinations on HRQL measured by the EQ-5D.
Methods
The EQ-5D was administered in the population-based KORA-Age study of 4,565 Germans aged 65 years or older. A generalised additive regression model was used to assess the effects of chronic conditions on HRQL and to account for the nonlinear associations with age and body mass index (BMI). Disease interactions were identified by a forward variable selection method.
Results
The conditions with the greatest negative impact on the EQ-5D index were the history of a stroke (regression coefficient -11.3, p < 0.0001) and chronic bronchitis (regression coefficient -8.1, p < 0.0001). Patients with both diabetes and coronary disorders showed more impaired HRQL than could be expected from their separate effects (coefficient of interaction term -8.1, p < 0.0001). A synergistic effect on HRQL was also found for the combination of coronary disorders and stroke. The effect of BMI on the mean EQ-5D index was inverse U-shaped with a maximum at around 24.8 kg/m2.
Conclusions
There are important interactions between coronary problems, diabetes mellitus, and the history of a stroke that negatively affect HRQL in the older German population. Not only high but also low BMI is associated with impairments in health status.
A trend towards lightweight structures, e.g. timber structures, is noticeable in civil engineering, which implies the necessity to predict vibroacoustic characteristics like the transmission of structure-borne sound in order to fulfil requirements regarding serviceability. This contribution focuses on the investigation of junctions of building components e.g. between wall and ceiling. It is part of a joint research project with the aim to catalogue the coupling for a variety of junctions. The resulting database may serve to predict the transmission of structure-borne sound which is typically carried out either using a Finite Element (FEM) approach, suitable for the low frequency range, or by means of energy methods like the Statistical Energy Analysis (SEA) for the high frequency range. Therefore the so-called mid frequency gap emerges, which is examined and attempted to be closed. In this context SEA-averaging techniques are applied in the postprocessing of FEM calculations to obtain an adapted “SEAlike” approach. By varying the subsystems to be excited it is possible to determine Energy Influence Coefficients (EIC), which describe the specific energy content of the different subsystems with respect to the input power. Using this hybrid approach vibroacoustic predictions can be performed also in the mid frequency range. Inverting the EIC-matrix Coupling Loss Factors as well as Damping Loss Factors of the different subsystems can be calculated if the subsystem definition fulfils the SEA-requirements. The application of the method in combination to a classical SEA calculation and to laboratory measurements is presented.
Background
Multimorbidity in the older population is well acknowledged to negatively affect health-related quality of life (HRQL). Several studies have examined the independent effects of single diseases; however, little research has focused on interaction between diseases. The purpose of this study was to assess the impact of six self-reported major conditions and their combinations on HRQL measured by the EQ-5D.
Methods
The EQ-5D was administered in the population-based KORA-Age study of 4,565 Germans aged 65 years or older. A generalised additive regression model was used to assess the effects of chronic conditions on HRQL and to account for the nonlinear associations with age and body mass index (BMI). Disease interactions were identified by a forward variable selection method.
Results
The conditions with the greatest negative impact on the EQ-5D index were the history of a stroke (regression coefficient -11.3, p < 0.0001) and chronic bronchitis (regression coefficient -8.1, p < 0.0001). Patients with both diabetes and coronary disorders showed more impaired HRQL than could be expected from their separate effects (coefficient of interaction term -8.1, p < 0.0001). A synergistic effect on HRQL was also found for the combination of coronary disorders and stroke. The effect of BMI on the mean EQ-5D index was inverse U-shaped with a maximum at around 24.8 kg/m2.
Conclusions
There are important interactions between coronary problems, diabetes mellitus, and the history of a stroke that negatively affect HRQL in the older German population. Not only high but also low BMI is associated with impairments in health status.
Objective: To examine the relevance and completeness of the comprehensive International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) Core Sets for patients with rehabilitation needs in acute hospital care.
Design: Multi-centre cohort study.
Patients: A total of 391 patients (50.1% female, mean age 63.4 years) from 4 university hospitals in Austria, Germany and Switzerland and one Austrian general hospital.
Methods: Data on functioning were collected using the respective comprehensive acute ICF Core Sets. Data were extracted from patients' medical record sheets and interviews with health professionals and patients.
Results: Most of the categories of the comprehensive ICF Core Sets describing impairments, limitations or restrictions occurred in a considerable proportion of the study population. The most outstanding limitations and restrictions of the patients were problems with sleep and blood vessel functions, walking and moving and self-care. Thirty-eight aspects of functioning not previously covered by the comprehensive ICF Core Sets were ranked as relevant.
Conclusion: Categories of the comprehensive ICF Core Sets for the acute hospital situation were confirmed. Some additional categories not covered by the Set in its present version emerged from the interviews, and should be considered for inclusion in a finalized version.
Objective
Encouraging physical activity is an important public health measure to reduce disability prevalence in the aged. The aims of this study were to determine the association between midlife physical activity and late-life disability and to investigate gender-specific differences.
Method
This data originates from the KORA-Age cohort, a follow-up in 2008 of the MONICA (Multinational Monitoring of Trends and Determinants in Cardiovascular Diseases)/KORA (Cooperative Health Research in the Region of Augsburg) S1–S4 surveys (1984–2001) situated in Augsburg, a city in Southern Germany. We applied a multivariable hurdle model to investigate the association of physical activity and disability.
Results
We analysed 3333 persons with a mean follow-up of 18 ± 5.5 years. Using hurdle models, moderate activity and high activity had a protective effect on the occurrence of disability (OR (odds ratio) = 0.80 and 0.73), but not on severity (i.e. number of limitations). We observed a strong gender-specific difference in this association, with men benefitting more from exercise.
Conclusion
Elevated physical activity reduces the risk of becoming disabled and postpones the onset of disability by several years, but we could not show an effect on the severity of disability. In addition, men seem to benefit more from leisure-time physical activity than women
In this contribution a method for the prediction of the radiated sound out of the velocity field of a vibrating ceiling is presented. The numerical method was validated via measurements on a real structure using a pp-probe. It is based on Integral Transform techniques and can be applied in the postprocessing of a FEM simulation
(harmonic analysis) [1]. The method was verified by measurements on the real structure and can be used for parametrical studies.
Rounding off the Parts 1 and 2 of this publication nomograms, based on dimensionless parameters, can be developed to predict the sound radiation of light weight slabs. Hereby different sets of geometry as well as different configurations of ceilings can be studied in order to describe the acoustical and dynamical behaviour of wooden ceilings.
Die mithilfe der Abklingmethode ermittelten Verlustfaktoren sind bei mehreren Eigenfrequenzen pro Frequenzband zuverlässig. Die Ergebnisse der Resonanzbreitenmethode beziehen sich dagegen auf die Eigenfrequenzen und sind nur bei einer geringen Modenüberlappung zuverlässig. Beide Methoden sind gleichwertig, wenn mehrere Eigenschwingungen im Frequenzband vorhanden sind und die Modenüberlappung gleichzeitig gering ist. Für einseitig überlagerte Resonanzkurven wurde eine einfache Alternative der Resonanzbreitenmethode vorgeschlagen.
Die Ergebnisse wurden im Rahmen des gemeinsam von der TU München, der HS Rosenheim und dem ift Rosenheim durchgef¨uhrten DFG-AiF Forschungsvorhabens ”Vibroakustik im Planungsprozess für Holzbauten” erarbeitet. Das IGF-Vorhaben 17328N/1 der Forschungsvereinigung HS Rosenheim wurde über die AiF im Rahmen des Programms zur Förderung der Industriellen Gemeinschaftsforschung (IGF) vom Bundesministerium für Wirtschaft und Energie aufgrund eines Beschlusses des Deutschen Bundestages gefördert.
Es wurden Stoßstellendämm-Maße Kij für verschiedene Bauteilverbindungen von BSPH-Elementen gemessen. Diese zeigen eine gute Übereinstimmung zu anderen Werten aus der Literatur.
Bei den Stoßstellen wurde der Einfluss von Elastomerlagern untersucht.
Die Ergebnisse zeigen einen deutlichen Einfluss auf die Kij. Eine Berechnung der Kij mithilfe von Kopplungsverlustfaktoren ηij, welche aus einem SEAModell resultieren, zeigen eine ausreichende Übereinstimmung.
Weitere Schritte der Modellierung zur Überprüfung dieser Erkenntnisse und zur Abbildung von Elastomeren sind notwendig. Der Beitrag ist Teil des gemeinsam von der TU München, der HS Rosenheim und dem ift Rosenheim durchgeführten DFG-AiF Forschungsvorhabens Vibroakustik im Planungsprozess für Holzbauten.
Das IGF-Vorhaben 17328 N/1 der Forschungsvereinigung HS Rosenheim wurde über die AiF im Rahmen des Programms zur Förderung der Industriellen Gemeinschaftsforschung (IGF) vom Bundesministerium für Wirtschaft und Energie aufgrund eines Beschlusses des Deutschen Bundestages gefördert.