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A trend towards lightweight structures, e.g. timber structures, is noticeable in civil engineering, which implies the necessity to predict vibroacoustic characteristics like the transmission of structure-borne sound in order to fulfil requirements regarding serviceability. This contribution focuses on the investigation of junctions of building components e.g. between wall and ceiling. It is part of a joint research project with the aim to catalogue the coupling for a variety of junctions. The resulting database may serve to predict the transmission of structure-borne sound which is typically carried out either using a Finite Element (FEM) approach, suitable for the low frequency range, or by means of energy methods like the Statistical Energy Analysis (SEA) for the high frequency range. Therefore the so-called mid frequency gap emerges, which is examined and attempted to be closed. In this context SEA-averaging techniques are applied in the postprocessing of FEM calculations to obtain an adapted “SEAlike” approach. By varying the subsystems to be excited it is possible to determine Energy Influence Coefficients (EIC), which describe the specific energy content of the different subsystems with respect to the input power. Using this hybrid approach vibroacoustic predictions can be performed also in the mid frequency range. Inverting the EIC-matrix Coupling Loss Factors as well as Damping Loss Factors of the different subsystems can be calculated if the subsystem definition fulfils the SEA-requirements. The application of the method in combination to a classical SEA calculation and to laboratory measurements is presented.
Es wurden Stoßstellendämm-Maße Kij für verschiedene Bauteilverbindungen von BSPH-Elementen gemessen. Diese zeigen eine gute Übereinstimmung zu anderen Werten aus der Literatur.
Bei den Stoßstellen wurde der Einfluss von Elastomerlagern untersucht.
Die Ergebnisse zeigen einen deutlichen Einfluss auf die Kij. Eine Berechnung der Kij mithilfe von Kopplungsverlustfaktoren ηij, welche aus einem SEAModell resultieren, zeigen eine ausreichende Übereinstimmung.
Weitere Schritte der Modellierung zur Überprüfung dieser Erkenntnisse und zur Abbildung von Elastomeren sind notwendig. Der Beitrag ist Teil des gemeinsam von der TU München, der HS Rosenheim und dem ift Rosenheim durchgeführten DFG-AiF Forschungsvorhabens Vibroakustik im Planungsprozess für Holzbauten.
Das IGF-Vorhaben 17328 N/1 der Forschungsvereinigung HS Rosenheim wurde über die AiF im Rahmen des Programms zur Förderung der Industriellen Gemeinschaftsforschung (IGF) vom Bundesministerium für Wirtschaft und Energie aufgrund eines Beschlusses des Deutschen Bundestages gefördert.
Im Beitrag wird dargelegt, warum und wie über die auf der Bauproduktenverordnung basierenden DE-Kennzeichnung von Bausprodukten und Bausätzen die nationale Klassifizierung von Brandverhalten und Feuerwiderstand zwangsweise verdrängt wird, obwohl beide Klassifizierungen in Deutschland zum Veröffentlichkeitszeitpunkt noch parallel gültig und nutzbar waren.
Texas Instruments' MSP430 Launch Pad is used as a key component for remote labs that complement an introduction course to microcomputer technology in the bachelor program Mechatronic at the University of Applied Sciences in Rosenheim. The remote labs use breakout boards and include a timer experiment with generation of pulse width modulation signals, I2C communication and analog to digital conversion.
Objective
Encouraging physical activity is an important public health measure to reduce disability prevalence in the aged. The aims of this study were to determine the association between midlife physical activity and late-life disability and to investigate gender-specific differences.
Method
This data originates from the KORA-Age cohort, a follow-up in 2008 of the MONICA (Multinational Monitoring of Trends and Determinants in Cardiovascular Diseases)/KORA (Cooperative Health Research in the Region of Augsburg) S1–S4 surveys (1984–2001) situated in Augsburg, a city in Southern Germany. We applied a multivariable hurdle model to investigate the association of physical activity and disability.
Results
We analysed 3333 persons with a mean follow-up of 18 ± 5.5 years. Using hurdle models, moderate activity and high activity had a protective effect on the occurrence of disability (OR (odds ratio) = 0.80 and 0.73), but not on severity (i.e. number of limitations). We observed a strong gender-specific difference in this association, with men benefitting more from exercise.
Conclusion
Elevated physical activity reduces the risk of becoming disabled and postpones the onset of disability by several years, but we could not show an effect on the severity of disability. In addition, men seem to benefit more from leisure-time physical activity than women
Projekt P
(2014)
Projekt »P« – Wohnen und Arbeiten in einem nachhaltig geplanten Modulsystem: Der Architekt Wolfgang Bühler wandte sich mit der Idee eines Forschungsprojektes über Inneneinrichtungen zu dem von ihm entwickelten Modulbausystem an die Fakultät für Innenarchitektur der Hochschule Rosenheim, seinen ehemaligen Studienort. »P’s« sind für den Transport zusammenfaltbare und flexibel sowie temporär aufstellbare Raumeinheiten. Wie können diese universellen Strukturen nun individuell als Wohneinheiten, Büros, Hotels, Seminarräume, Flüchtlingsunterkünfte etc. ausgestattet werden, ohne dass die schnelle Auf- und Abbaubarkeit darunter leidet? Wie können die Strukturen von einer individuellen Nutzung zu einer anderen in kurzer Zeit und mit geringem Aufwand umgerüstet werden? Dies war der Kern des Forschungsprojektes, welches mit Studierenden des 6. Semesters im Fach Interior Design durchgeführt wurde. Zuerst standen dabei unterschiedliche Nutzungsszenarien im Fokus, von denen dann die Gemeinsamkeiten herausgearbeitet wurden. Zum Projektende wurden zwei Ausstattungsszenarien von den Studierenden als Prototypen im Maßstab 1:1 umgesetzt. Das Projekt fand im Sommersemester 2014 statt.
Prof. Kilian Stauss
Wear-out failures of electrolytic capacitors in single phase power factor correction circuits are investigated in this study. A probabilistic model based approach for temperature driven capacitor degradation is chosen to analyse the probability of failure of the output capacitor bank. Different design strategies are proposed and evaluated in terms of reliability. Parametric variation of capacitor bank designs provides influential effects on system volume, cost and reliability which is modeled for a sample size of 1000 power supply units.
IT-Management
(2014)
Nichteheliche Lebensgemeinschaften zwischen "romantischer Himmelsmacht" und rechtsfreiem Raum?
(2014)
Kinderschutz
(2014)
Sponsoringvertrag
(2014)
Konsignationsvertrag
(2014)
Für einen Ergebnistransfer in die Wirtschaft ist geplant, die Berechnungsergebnisse in Form eines interaktiv bedienbaren Programms mit einer grafischen Eingabeoberfläche zur Verfügung zu stellen, da die Zahl der erarbeiteten Nomogramme sehr groß ist. Abbildung 11 zeigt einen Entwurf. Auswählbar für den Anwender sind das Holzdeckensystem in den möglichen Ausbauzuständen eines schwimmenden Estrichs und einer abgehängten Unterdecke sowie die geometrischen Abmessungen der Decke. Weiterhin kann die Anregungsart der Decke variiert werden; es besteht die Möglichkeit zur Wahl zwischen einer Anregung mit dem Normhammerwerk, einem Fußgänger sowie einer benutzereigenen, spektral vorzugebenden Anregungsart. Als Ergebnis wird der abgestrahlte Schallleistungspegel berechnet. Neu aufgenommen wurde die Berechnung des Schwingungsnachweises nach EC5 [6] bzw. der modifizierte Nachweis nach Hamm/Richter [5]. Aus der linearen Frequenzdarstellung des Schallleistungspegels kann die erste Eigenfrequenz für den Gebrauchstauglichkeitsnachweis abgelesen werden, für schalltechnische Belange erfolgt die Darstellung des Schallleistungspegels als Terzspektrum.
Purpose
Visual height intolerance (vHI) occurs when a trigger causes the apprehension of losing balance and falling. Depending on the severity of vHI, an avoidance behavior may develop in about 50 % of the thus afflicted, and it can have considerable impact on their daily life and interpersonal interactions. It seems obvious that such experiences may be impairing and distressing, but this has not yet been examined systematically. Objective of this study was to examine the consequences of vHI for quality of life.
Methods
A qualitative, phenomenological exploratory approach was chosen. Individual face-to-face interviews were conducted with individuals who had reported in a previous study that they were susceptible to vHI. The interview transcripts were segregated into distinct meaning units, which were used to create a coding guideline with meta- and subcodes. Meaning units were then systematically extracted and assigned to the appropriate codes. Weights and links were used to assign priorities for interpretation.
Results
Eighteen participants were interviewed (mean age 53, range 30–73; 11 females). Data analysis resulted in 29 meta-codes and 115 subcodes. Responses indicated that vHI can be very disabling and has a relevant impact on quality of life and daily activities of the affected persons, including their family life and behavior towards partner, children and friends.
Conclusion
Relevant topics for further quantitative studies were identified, for example, strategies of compensation and the influence of vHI on family life. Other quantitative studies should determine whether comorbidities and the typologies found in this study have consequences for individual therapeutic approaches.
Objectives
To examine the association between electrocardiographic (ECG) findings and disability status in older adults.
Study Design and Setting
KORA-Age, a population-based cross-sectional study of the MONICA/KORA project, a randomized sample from Southern Germany of people aged 65 years or older.
Results
A total of 534 (51.5%) of 1,037 participants were characterized as disabled. Disabled participants were on average 4.5 years older than those who were not disabled. Crude associations of left-axis deviation, ventricular conduction defects, atrial fibrillation, and QT prolongation with disability status were significant (P < 0.05). In models controlled for age and sex, these effects remained constant except for QT prolongation. In the models adjusted for the minimal sufficient adjustment set (consisting of the variables sex, physical activity, age, obesity, diabetes, education, heart diseases, income, lung diseases, and stroke) identified by a directed acyclic graph (DAG), no significant association could be shown.
Conclusion
Associations between specific ECG findings and disability were found in unadjusted analysis and logistic models adjusted for age and sex. However, when adjusting for other possible confounders identified by the DAG, all these associations were no longer significant. It is important to adequately identify confounding in such settings.
In this article, we describe a semi-automatic calibration algorithm for dereverberation by spectral subtraction. We verify the method by a comparison to a manual calibration derived from measured room impulse responses (RIR). We conduct extensive experiments to understand the effect of all involved parameters and to verify values suggested in the literature. The experiments are performed on a text read by 31 speakers and recorded by a headset and three far-field microphones. Results are measured in terms of automatic speech recognition (ASR) performance using a 1-gram model to emphasize acoustic recognition performance. To accommodate for the acoustic change by dereverberation we apply supervised MAP adaptation to the hidden Markov model output probabilities. The combination of dereverberation and adaptation yields a relative improvement of about 35% in terms of word error rate (WER) compared to the original signal.
Verglichen mit Gebäuden in
Mauerwerks- und Betonbauweise ist die Planung eines Bauobjektes in Holzbauweise eine deutlich größere Herausforderung.
Die Gründe hierfür liegen unter anderem im Mangel von
bewährten Konstruktionen und Planungswerkzeugen für den
Schallschutz und die Gebrauchstauglichkeit. Geeignete
computergestützte Planungshilfen, die eine Simulation
bereits im frühen Planungsentwurf für das gesamte Bauwerk ermöglichen, könnten den Planungsaufwand drastisch reduzieren. Eine Möglichkeit der Simulation stellt die
Verwendung eines Berechnungsmodells für die Luft- und
Trittschalldämmung auf Basis der statistischen
Energieanalyse (SEA) und der Finite Elemente Methode
(FEM) dar. Während der SEA eine Energieflussbetrachtung
zugrunde liegt, die in ihrer vereinfachten Form zum
Prognosemodell nach DIN EN 12354 [1] führt, wird bei der
FEM-basierten Berechnung eine modale Betrachtung
durchgeführt. Im Gegensatz zur SEA-basierten Berechnung,
die eine ausreichende Modendichte voraussetzt, ist
die FEM-basierte Berechnung für Frequenzbereiche mit einer geringen Eigenmodendichte besser geeignet. Für die
FEM-basierte Berechnung ist neben der Bauteilstruktur und -
dämpfung auch deren Anregung und Abstrahlung durch
die Luft- bzw. Trittschallquelle zu berücksichtigen. Die Anregung durch das Norm-Hammerwerk und die
Berücksichtigung der Dämpfung im verwendeten FEM-
basierten Modell wurde bereits in [2], [3], [4] bes
chrieben. Nachfolgend wird die Verwendung von Akustik-Elementen für die vollständig gekoppelte Berechnung der Luftschallübertragung
beschrieben. Die vorgestellten Ergebnisse basieren auf Zwischenergebnissen eines aktuellen Gemeinschafts-Forschungsvorhabenszwischen der TU München, der Hochschule Rosenheim und dem ift
Rosenheim [5].
Introduction:
Occupation-based approaches are a hallmark of excellence in occupational therapy practice. This article focuses on the disjuncture between how women with rheumatoid arthritis go about their daily lives, that is to say their occupations, and what is addressed during routine visits at a specialized rheumatology outpatient clinic.
Method:
Institutional ethnography was employed as a method of inquiry to identify the occupations and related issues that were or were not accounted for in health records and addressed within institutional processes. Interviews and participant observations were conducted with seven women with rheumatoid arthritis who were mothers. Hospital records were analysed as texts mediating between the women's daily lives and the rheumatology outpatient clinic.
Findings:
The analysis revealed that despite the diversity in the ways that the women managed their daily lives, the things that they did were viewed, understood, and addressed only within the boundaries of the standardizing relations that ruled practice in this clinical setting. Institutional processes grounded in biomedical concepts such as functional status or disease activity, as well as clinical assessments that depict these concepts, both shape and limit opportunities for occupational therapists to advance and enact occupation-based practice.
Conclusion:
In this setting, the complexity of the participants' daily lives and the occupations they engage in remain unaddressed.
Negotiating disability in everyday life: Ethnographical accounts of women with rheumatoid arthritis
(2014)
Purpose: Drawing on data from a larger study, the aim of this paper is to illuminate how the everyday doings of women with disabilities are coordinated to and shaped by organizational processes and social context, particularly as these relate to the potential of being labelled disabled.
Methods: An institutional ethnography was conducted with seven Austrian women diagnosed with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Interviews and participant observations were conducted, and texts about the historical development of disability policies were identified. Data analysis included grouping similar doings of participants together to subsequently explore links between what the women did and how their doings are shaped by disability policies and the social context.
Results: The women, who participated in this study, spent time and effort to keep the disease invisible, resist disability and negotiate a disability pass. By drawing upon the historical development of Austrian disability policies, the interpretation reveals how this development infiltrates into participants’ lives and shapes their everyday doing.
Conclusion: This study furthers understanding of how broader policies and practices, shaped over historical time, infiltrate into the daily lives of women with disabilities. It illustrates how full participation may not necessarily be a lived reality for people with disabilities at this point in Austria.
Implications for Rehabilitation
Maximising full participation for people with rheumatoid arthritis is important.
This requires focusing not only on the bodily health of people with rheumatoid arthritis but also on their interaction with the social, cultural and political context in their daily lives.
This requires also understanding how knowledge about disability is passed on from previous generations.
The empirical model explaining microsolvation of molecules in superfluid helium droplets proposes a non-superfluid helium solvation layer enclosing the dopant molecule. This model warrants an empirical explanation of any helium induced substructure resolved for electronic transitions of molecules in helium droplets. Despite a wealth of such experimental data, quantitative modeling of spectra is still in its infancy. The theoretical treatment of such many-particle systems dissolved into a quantum fluid is a challenge. Moreover, the success of theoretical activities relies also on the accuracy and self-critical communication of experimental data. This will be elucidated by a critical resume of our own experimental work done within the last ten years.
We come to the conclusion that spectroscopic data and among others in particular the spectral resolution depend strongly on experimental conditions. Moreover, despite the fact that none of the helium induced fine structure speaks against the empirical model for solvation in helium droplets, in many cases an unequivocal assignment of the spectroscopic details is not possible. This ambiguity needs to be considered and a careful and critical communication of experimental results is essential in order to promote success in quantitatively understanding microsolvation in superfluid helium nanodroplets.
Trockenbau-Atlas
(2014)
Krankenhäuser sind ständig auf der Suche nach Verbesserungs- und Optimierungspotenzialen im Kosten- und Erlösbereich. Die Prozessoptimierung gehört hierbei zu einem beliebten Instrument; als Optimierungsobjekt schälen sich immer mehr Querschnittsprozesse heraus. Das im Folgenden beschriebene Projekt untersuchte in Kooperation mit mehreren kommunalen Häusern im Rahmen eines strukturierten Benchmarkings, ob die Anstrengungen im Prozess „Stationäre Entlassung“ im Vergleich mit anderen Häusern ausreichten oder ob noch weiteres Potenzial vorhanden war. Das Neue hierbei war die detaillierte Modellierung der Prozesse und die Analyse anhand von Kennzahlenvergleichen.
Background: Complaints of vertigo and dizziness are common in primary care in the aged. They can be caused by distinct vestibular disorders, but can also be a symptom in other conditions like non-vestibular sensory loss, vascular encephalopathy or anxiety. The aim of this study was to investigate the specific contribution of vertigo and dizziness to the total burden of disability in aged persons when controlling for the presence of other health conditions. Methods: Data originate from the MONICA/KORA study, a population-based cohort. Survivors of the original cohorts who were 65 years and older were examined by telephone interview in 2009. Disability was assessed with the Health Assessment Questionnaire. Logistic regression was used to adjust for potential confounders and additive regression to estimate the contribution of vertigo and dizziness to disability prevalence. Results: Adjusted for age, sex and other chronic conditions, vertigo and dizziness were associated with disability (odds ratio 1.66, 95% confidence intervals 1.40–1.98). In both men and women between 65 and 79 years, vertigo and dizziness were among the strongest contributors to the burden of disability with a prevalence of 10.5% (6.6 to 15.1) in men and 9.0% (5.7 to 13.0) in women. In men, this effect is stable across all age-groups, whereas it decreases with age in women. Conclusions: Vertigo and dizziness independently and relevantly contribute to population-attributable disability in the aged. They are not inevitable consequences of ageing but arise from distinct disease entities. Careful management of vertigo and dizziness might increase population health and reduce disability.
Purpose
The impact of vertigo and dizziness on healthy ageing, and especially on participation, is not fully understood. The objective of this study was to investigate the association of vertigo and dizziness with self-perceived participation and autonomy in older non-institutionalised individuals, adjusted for the presence of other health conditions. Specifically, we wanted to investigate the different effects of vertigo and dizziness on specific components of participation, i.e. restrictions in indoor and outdoor autonomy, family role, social life and relationships, and work and education.
Methods
Data originate from the second wave of the German KORA-Age cohort study collected in 2012. Participation and autonomy was investigated with the Impact on Participation and Autonomy Questionnaire. We used robust regression to analyse the association of vertigo and dizziness with self-perceived participation and autonomy adjusted for covariates.
Results
A total of 822 participants (49.6 % female) had a mean age of 78.1 years (SD 6.39). Participation and autonomy were significantly lower in participants with vertigo and dizziness across all domains. Adjusted for age, sex, and chronic conditions, vertigo and dizziness were significantly associated with participation restrictions in all domains except social life and relationships.
Conclusion
The results of our study indicate that vertigo and dizziness contribute to restrictions in participation and autonomy in individuals of older age. Recognising vertigo and dizziness as independent contributors to loss of autonomy and decreased chances for independent living may create new options for patient care and population health, such as the designing of complex interventions to maintain participation and autonomy.
Die mithilfe der Abklingmethode ermittelten Verlustfaktoren sind bei mehreren Eigenfrequenzen pro Frequenzband zuverlässig. Die Ergebnisse der Resonanzbreitenmethode beziehen sich dagegen auf die Eigenfrequenzen und sind nur bei einer geringen Modenüberlappung zuverlässig. Beide Methoden sind gleichwertig, wenn mehrere Eigenschwingungen im Frequenzband vorhanden sind und die Modenüberlappung gleichzeitig gering ist. Für einseitig überlagerte Resonanzkurven wurde eine einfache Alternative der Resonanzbreitenmethode vorgeschlagen.
Die Ergebnisse wurden im Rahmen des gemeinsam von der TU München, der HS Rosenheim und dem ift Rosenheim durchgef¨uhrten DFG-AiF Forschungsvorhabens ”Vibroakustik im Planungsprozess für Holzbauten” erarbeitet. Das IGF-Vorhaben 17328N/1 der Forschungsvereinigung HS Rosenheim wurde über die AiF im Rahmen des Programms zur Förderung der Industriellen Gemeinschaftsforschung (IGF) vom Bundesministerium für Wirtschaft und Energie aufgrund eines Beschlusses des Deutschen Bundestages gefördert.
Purpose
Tooling is a common component of an industrial product’s manufacture. Specific tooling is devised to serve the fabrication of a particular product, while generic tooling can be used in the manufacture of multiple products. In the latter case, companies are confronted with the problem of fairly allocating the indirect costs of the tooling. This article studies how to allocate costs of generic tooling to single production orders.
Methodology
Ten allocation methods (AMs) are described that are in principle suited to the distribution of generic tooling costs to production orders. Since the presented methods have for the most part been discussed in differing contexts, we apply them to a specified generic tooling problem for comparison. Evaluation of the various methods is based on 16 criteria. Reasoning is supported by a computational Monte Carlo simulation. Furthermore, we suggest using the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) to elaborate one final proposition concerning the most preferable allocation scheme.
Findings
The article reports the single allocation rules’ performances for different allocation scenarios. The described characteristics refer to fairness, efficiency, and simplicity as well as to empty-core performance. Using AHP analysis allows for the aggregation of the rules’ criteria ratings. Thus, especially suitable allocation schemes for the problem at hand are identified.
Practical implications
An allocation is required for budgeting reasons and also for the definition of projects’ bottom-up sales prices. Selecting the “right” AM is important, as a suboptimal AM can result in unfair allocation vectors, which will act as incentives to stop using the common resource, potentially leading to higher total costs.
Originality/value of the article
Research on the comparison of AMs is typically performed for certain purposes, such as enterprise networks, horizontal cooperative purchasing scenarios, or municipal service units. This article will augment the research evaluating AMs by introducing a novel set of evaluation criteria and by providing an in-depth comparison of AMs suited for the allocation of generic tooling costs.