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Nowadays, in software development usually various models and description fragments are created. Some of these artifacts describe the core of the application, such as the data model or the user interaction model. Other artifacts describe cross-cutting concerns, such as security or the requirement: “every change of data has to be confirmed by the user, before it is written into the database”. During the development process these artifacts are combined, transformed, and finally implemented manually or even automatically. For instance a designer may combine a model of a dialog component specifying an action, that changes data, with a common description of a generic confirm dialog. The integrated dialog description may be afterwards implemented by a programmer. The manual combination of both artifacts and the transformation of the combined description into code are errorprone and hard to change. Industry basically tests or actually uses two approaches for the combination today: 1. At the level of code and execution Aspect-Oriented Programming (AOP) is used [KLM+97]. An aspect defines a cross-cutting concern and the weaving instructions. A code weaver provides the actual weaving at compile or runtime. 2. At the level of design models and analysis models Model-Driven Software Development (MDSD) is used [KWB03]. A model in MDSD is a first class development artifact. Thus models are significantly more abstract than the implementation of code. However, these models cannot be executed. Hence, a abstract model is transformed into another, typically more detailed. A series of such transformations results in executable code. Thereby, a model transformer or a code generator reads some of the artifacts. The other artifacts and the combination rules are implemented in transformation rules or code generation templates (or somewhere else in the transformation / generation approach).
Die vorliegende Arbeit entstand im Rahmen ei
nes Forschungsprojekts des Lehrstuhls für
Computation in Engineering an der Technische
n Universität München in Kooperation mit
dem Fraunhofer Institut für Bauphysik, Stuttg
art und dem ift Schallschutzzentrum, Rosen-
heim. Die primäre Zielsetzung des Forschungsp
rojekts lag in der Entwicklung konstruktiver
Maßnahmen zur Verbesserung der tieffreque
nten Trittschalldämmung von Holzdecken.
Zur Entwicklung dieser Maßnahmen war zunächst durch die Klärung der akustischen
Wechselwirkungen zwischen Deckenauflage
und Rohdecke ein besseres Verständnis für das
Schwingungsverhalten der Dec
kenaufbauten zu erarbeiten
. Um den erheblichen Aufwand
einer rein empirischen (messtechnischen) Untersuchung dieser Wechselwirkungen zu re-
duzieren, wurde die Entwicklung und Bereitste
llung leistungsfähiger Berechnungsmodelle
angestrebt. Im Teilprojekt der Technischen Universität München wurde hierzu ein Be-
rechnungsmodell auf Basis der Finiten Eleme
nte Methode erarbeitet, dessen Validierung
anhand von Messergebnissen aus der Datenbank des ift Schallschutzzentrums, Rosenheim
erfolgte. Zur Visualisierung
der Ergebnisse und einer rationellen Modellerstellung wurde
eine graphische Nutzeroberfläche entwickel
t. Anhand der numerischen Berechnungen des
validierten Modells wurden die Wechselwirkungen der Deckenkomponenten untersucht
und optimierte Konstruktionen erarbeitet. Nach der messtechnischen Überprüfung der
optimierten Konstruktionen im ift Schallschutzzentrum konnten die Ergebnisse in Form von
Konstruktionshilfen für optimierte Au
fbauten zusammengestellt werden.
The paper presents an extended hand-eye calibration approach that, in contrast to the standard method, does not require a calibration pattern for determining camera position and orientation. Instead, a structure-from-motion algorithm is applied for obtaining the eye-data that is necessary for computing the unknown hand-eye transformation.
Different ways of extending the standard algorithm are presented, which mainly involves the estimation of a scale factor in addition to rotation and translation. The proposed methods are experimentally compared using data obtained from an optical tracking system that determines the pose of an endoscopic camera.
The approach is of special interest in our clinical setup, as the usage of an unsterile calibration pattern is difficult in a sterile environment.
Wepresentaniterativeregistrationalgorithmfor aligning two differently scaled 3-D point sets. It extends the popular Iterative Closest Point (ICP) algorithm by estimating a scale factor between the two point sets in every iteration.
The presented algorithm is especially useful for the registration of point sets generated by structure-frommotion algorithms, which only reconstruct the 3-D structure of a scene upto scale. LiketheoriginalICPalgorithm,thepresentedalgorithm requires a rough pre-alignment of the point sets.
In order to determine the necessary accuracy of the pre-alignment, wehaveexperimentallyevaluatedthebasinofconvergence of the algorithm with respect to the initial rotation, translation, andscale factor between the two point sets.