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Analysis of M/G/1-queues with Setup Times and Vacations under Six Different Service Disciplines
(2001)
Single server M/G/1-queues with an infinite buffer are studied; these permit inclusion of server vacations and setup times. A service discipline determines the numbers of customers served in one cycle, that is, the time span between two vacation endings. Six service disciplines are investigated: the gated, limited, binomial, exhaustive, decrementing, and Bernoulli service disciplines. The performance of the system depends on three essential measures: the customer waiting time, the queue length, and the cycle duration. For each of the six service disciplines the distribution as well as the first and second moment of these three performance measures are computed. The results permit a detailed discussion of how the expected value of the performance measures depends on the arrival rate, the customer service time, the vacation time, and the setup time. Moreover, the six service disciplines are compared with respect to the first moments of the performance measures.
Im Gemeinde- und Landkreiswahlgesetz haben Listenverbindungen eine lange Tradition. Sie sollen bei der Verrechnung von Stimmen in Sitze Verzerrungen dämpfen, die mit dem D’Hondt-Verfahren auftreten können. Da aber die Sitzzuteilung seit 2010 mit dem unverzerrten Hare/Niemeyer-Verfahren vorgenommen wird, haben Listenverbindungen ihre Berechtigung verloren. Wir demonstrieren die Problematik anhand der Kommunalwahlen 2014. In mehreren Kommunen passierte es, dass von zwei Listen diejenige mit mehr Stimmen weniger Sitze erhielt, was mit der Erfolgswertgleichheit der Wählerstimmen unvereinbar ist. Auch kam es vor, dass eine Liste den Einzug in den Gemeinderat nur deshalb verfehlte, weil sie einer Listenverbindung angehörte.
Experimentelle Bestimmung des Abstrahlgrades und des inneren Verlustfaktors orthotroper Platten
(2017)
This paper investigates the prediction of low-frequency impact sound insulation for a solid timber floor formed from dowel-connected joists with Swiss hardwood.
A finite element model was developed for the dynamic response of the floor as it is neither homogeneous nor isotropic and has complex connections.
With point force excitation, a FEM model for the dynamic response of the floor was validated using experimental modal analysis in the laboratory.
Two different FEM models were developed, one using spring connectors and the other using join connectors. Good agreement between FEM and measurements in terms of the Modal Assurance Criterion (MAC) and eigenfrequencies was achieved for the first 14 modes with the spring connector model and for the first 7 modes with the join connector model.
However, for the vibroacoustic analysis it was necessary to use the join connector model due to the computational instabilities of the spring model above 100 Hz when it was coupled to the acoustic medium.
With mechanical excitation the radiated sound power from the underside of the timber floor was measured with sound intensity in order to calculate the radiation efficiency. Comparison of measurements and FEM showed reasonable agreement between 20Hz and 200Hz