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For sustainable handling of wood and high material utilization, post-consumer wood has to be sorted by post-consumer wood categories in Germany. The non-destructive FD-FLIM method could improve the wood recycling process by automatic classification of waste wood into post-consumer wood classes. Thus, the phase-dependent fluorescence decay time of treated wood is analysed in this study to obtain the impact of the treatment on the fluorescence decay time. It is shown that treated and untreated wood can be differentiated using the fluorescence decay time, although the state-of-the-art theoretical fluorescence decay time differs from the experimentally determined fluorescence decay time.
This paper is an interdisciplinary synopsis about multimedia learning systems and mass information systems, and presents an action model for construction of these systems and the embedding of this model in an existing concept of system planning.
First step in the paper is the containment and definition of the term ‘multimedia’ on the basis of general criterions of the human-machine-human communication. Result is a taxonomy to classify scientific research areas in this field.
The second part follows an examination of different concepts of learning theories by means of a five dimensional raster. Output of this examination are two models fitting for computer based learning in general.
The third part discusses information presentation and interaction possibilities at the human - machine - interface. Therefore a consistent raster is acquired, where psychological perception parameters and technical parameters of information presentations and interaction possibilities are examined. This results in the so-called storyboarding, which is the description of a process adapted from theater, film and TV for developing a multimedia script.
The combination of learntheoretical concepts with the process of storyboarding of multimedia applications and the embedding in a system planning action model is described in the fourth part. The result of this last part shows a phase concept for system planning of multimedia learning systems and mass information systems.
The use of multimedia can significantly improve the quality of case studies, especially with regard to their presentation of reality. The development of multimedia case studies poses a challenge of both a creative and a technical nature. This paper describes the various stages of the development of the case study itself as well as an action model which supports the application of didactical aims in a multimedia case study. This paper then describes experiences with a multimedia case study used at the Department of Information Systems for training students in data processing for business purposes. The report includes a description of how the case study was integrated as a didactic element in a university course, with special emphasis being given to theoretical aspects of presentation and learning. Additionally, a description of the case study and its development rounds off the article. The experiences were gained within the framework of an explorational, empirical study whose results are presented at the end of this paper and form the basis of suggestions for how the case study could be developed further.
Emission properties of [Os(phen)2(dppene)]2+ were investigated from 1.4 to 300 K in ethanol, PMMA, and PVK, a matrix which is frequently applied in OLEDs. These data provide the zero-field splitting values of the emitting T1 state and the individual decay times of its substates. The T1 state is assigned to be largely of MLCT character. The splittings change only moderately due to variation of the matrix, whereas the individual decay times are substantially affected. Further, energy transfer from the triplet state of PVK to [Os(phen)2(dppene)]2+ was studied by applying time-resolved emission spectroscopy and is assigned to be dominantly of Dexter type.
Strong oxygen quenching following a Stern−Volmer behavior of Ir(ppy-NPh2)3 demonstrates the high technological potential for oxygen sensing applications. This compound exhibits a phosphorescence quantum yield of 70% and an emission decay time of 4.3 μs in deaerated solution. The electronic structure of the emitting triplet, being responsible for these properties, is investigated.
A pulsed valve connected to a closed-cycle cryostat was optimized for producing helium droplets. The pulsed droplet beam appeared with a bimodal size distribution. The leading part of the pulse consists of droplets suitable for doping with molecules. The average size of this part can be varied between 104 and 106 helium atoms, and the width of the distribution is smaller as compared to a continuous-flow droplet source. The system has been tested in a single pulse mode and at repetition rates of up to 500 Hz with almost constant intensity. The droplet density was found to be increased by more than an order of magnitude as compared to a continuous-flow droplet source.
3-hydroxyflavone is a prototype system for excited state intramolecular proton transfer which is one step of a closed loop photocycle. It was intensively studied for the bare molecule and for the influence of solvents. In the present paper this photocycle is investigated for 3-hydroxyflavone and some hydrated complexes when doped into superfluid helium droplets by the combined measurement of fluorescence excitation spectra and dispersed emission spectra. Significant discrepancies in the proton transfer behavior to gas phase experiments provide evidence for the presence of different complex configurations of the hydrated complexes in helium droplets. Moreover, for bare 3-hydroxyflavone and its hydrated complexes the proton transfer appears to be promoted by the helium environment.