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Purpose: To illustrate how routinely written narrative admission and discharge reports of a rehabilitation program for eight youths with chronic neurological health conditions can be transformed to the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health.
Methods: First, a qualitative content analysis was conducted by building meaningful units with text segments assigned of the reports to the five elements of the Rehab-Cycle®: goal; assessment; assignment; intervention; evaluation. Second, the meaningful units were then linked to the ICF using the refined ICF Linking Rules.
Results: With the first step of transformation, the emphasis of the narrative reports changed to a process oriented interdisciplinary layout, revealing three thematic blocks of goals: mobility, self-care, mental, and social functions.
The linked 95 unique ICF codes could be grouped in clinically meaningful goal-centered ICF codes. Between the two independent linkers, the agreement rate was improved after complementing the rules with additional agreements.
Conclusions: The ICF Linking Rules can be used to compile standardized health information from narrative reports if prior structured. The process requires time and expertise. To implement the ICF into common practice, the findings provide the starting point for reporting rehabilitation that builds upon existing practice and adheres to international standards.
Implications for Rehabilitation
This study provides evidence that routinely collected health information from rehabilitation practice can be transformed to the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health by using the “ICF Linking Rules”, however, this requires time and expertise.
The Rehab-Cycle®, including assessments, assignments, goal setting, interventions and goal evaluation, serves as feasible framework for structuring this rehabilitation program and ensures that the complexity of local practice is appropriately reflected.
The refined “ICF Linking Rules” lead to a standardized transformation process of narrative text and thus a higher quality with increased transparency.
As a next step, the resulting format of goal codes supplemented by goal-clarifying codes could be validated to strengthen the implementation of the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health into rehabilitation routine by respecting the variety of clinical practice.
Die Kita im Sozialraum
(2019)
„Das Zusammenspiel unterschiedlicher Bildungsakteure und -gelegenheiten ist sozialräumlich auszugestalten und in kommunaler Verantwortung zu organisieren.“ (BMFSFJ 2006, 351). Der 12. Kinder- und Jugendbericht benennt damit eine Herausforderung, die es für den Aufbau eines integrierten Systems von Bildung, Betreuung und Erziehung auch für Kitas zu bewältigen gilt. Der folgende Text soll daher die Bedeutung sozialräumlichen Handelns und Gelingensfaktoren aufzeigen sowie methodische Ansätze und Handlungsempfehlungen zur Analyse des Sozialraums sowie zur Vernetzung im Sinne einer Bildungslandschaft geben.
Purpose
The content of and methods for collecting health information often vary across settings and challenge the comparability of health information across time, individuals or populations. The International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) contains an exhaustive set of categories of information which constitutes a unified and consistent language of human functioning suitable as a reference for comparing health information.
Methods and results In two earlier papers, we have proposed rules for linking existing health information to the ICF. Further refinements to these existing ICF Linking Rules are presented in this paper to enhance the transparency of the linking process. The refinements involve preparing information for linking, perspectives from which information is collected and the categorization of response options. Issues regarding the linking of information not covered or unspecified within the ICF are also revisited in this paper.
Conclusion:
The ICF Linking Rules are valuable for enhancing comparability of health information to ensure that information is available in a consistent manner to serve as a foundation for evidence-based decision-making across all levels of health systems. The refinements presented in this paper enhance transparency in, and ultimately reliability of the process of, linking health information to the ICF.
Implications for Rehabilitation
The International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) constitutes a unified and consistent language of human functioning suitable as a reference for comparing health information.
Comparability of information is essential to ensure that the widest range of information is available in a consistent manner for any decision-maker at all levels of the health system.
The refined ICF Linking Rules presented in this article outline the method to establish comparability of health information based on the ICF.
Die wachsenden Anforderungen an Beschäftigte in Kitas lassen nicht nur für älter werdende Fachkräfte das Thema Gesundheit als zentralen Punkt für Träger und Leitung erkennen. Die Förderung von Gesundheit im Betrieb stellt daher eine „moderne Unternehmensstrategie dar und zielt darauf ab, Krankheiten am Arbeitsplatz vorzubeugen […], Gesundheitspotentiale zu stärken und das Wohlbefinden am Arbeitsplatz zu verbessern." (ENWHP 2007, S. 3). Unter dem Begriff Gesundheitsmanagement sollen daher im folgenden Beitrag Maßnahmen und Angebote verstanden werden, die als betriebliches Gesundheitsmanagement in Organisationen in unterschiedlichen Kontexten die Gesundheit von Beschäftigten fördern.
Background: Existing instruments measuring participation may vary with respect to various aspects. This study aimed to examine the comparability of existing instruments measuring participation based on the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) by considering aspects of content, the perspective adopted and the categorization of response options.
Methods: A systematic literature review was conducted to identify instruments that have been commonly used to measure participation. Concepts of identified instruments were then linked to the ICF following the refined ICF Linking Rules. Aspects of content, perspective adopted and categorization of response options were documented.
Results: Out of 315 instruments identified in the full-text screening, 41 instruments were included. Concepts of six instruments were linked entirely to the ICF component Activities and Participation; of 10 instruments still 80% of their concepts. A descriptive perspective was adopted in most items across instruments (75%), mostly in combination with an intensity rating. An appraisal perspective was found in 18% and questions from a need or dependency perspective were least frequent (7%).
Conclusion: Accounting for aspects of content, perspective and categorization of responses in the linking of instruments to the ICF provides detailed information for the comparison of instruments and guidance on narrowing down the choices of suitable instruments from a content point of view.
Implications for Rehabilitation
For clinicians and researchers who need to identify a specific instrument for a given purpose, the findings of this review can serve as a screening tool for instruments measuring participation in terms of the following:
• Their content covered based on the ICF.
• The perspective adopted in the instrument (e.g., descriptive, need/dependency or appraisal).
• The categorization of their response options (e.g., intensity or frequency).