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Chapter Five - The Two Faces of Selective Memory Retrieval—Cognitive, Developmental, and Social Processes

  • Numerous studies from the past five decades have shown that selective retrieval of some studied items can impair recall of other items. This chapter reviews more recent work, in which it is demonstrated that selective memory retrieval has two faces and that it can both impair and improve recall of other items. In this recent work, participants' access to study context during selective retrieval was experimentally manipulated and it was examined whether such manipulation influences the effects of selective retrieval. Access to study context was manipulated using listwise directed forgetting, context-dependent forgetting and time-dependent forgetting. The results consistently showed that selective retrieval impairs recall of other memories if access to study context during retrieval is largely maintained, but that selective retrieval can improve recall if study context access is impaired. The findings are explained by a two-factor account, which claims that, in general, selective retrieval does not only trigger inhibition and blocking but also triggers context reactivation processes. The proposal is that primarily inhibition and blocking operate when study context access during selective retrieval is largely maintained, whereas primarily context reactivation processes operate when study context access is impaired. Current findings on the two faces of selective retrieval are well consistent with this theoretical view.

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Metadaten
Author:Karl-Heinz T. Bäuml, Alp AslanORCiD, Magdalena Abel
URL:https://doi.org/10.1016/bs.plm.2016.11.004
Parent Title (English):Psychology of Learning and Motivation
Publisher:Academic Press
Place of publication:London, Oxford, Boston, New York, San Diego
Editor:Brian H. Ross
Document Type:Part of a Book
Language:English
Publication Year:2017
Tag:Blocking; Context reactivation; Episodic memory; Inhibition; Memory development; Retrieval-induced facilitation; Retrieval-induced forgetting; Social recall
First Page:167
Last Page:209