TY - CHAP A1 - Bäuml, Karl-Heinz T. A1 - Aslan, Alp A1 - Abel, Magdalena ED - Ross, Brian H. T1 - Chapter Five - The Two Faces of Selective Memory Retrieval—Cognitive, Developmental, and Social Processes T2 - Psychology of Learning and Motivation N2 - Numerous studies from the past five decades have shown that selective retrieval of some studied items can impair recall of other items. This chapter reviews more recent work, in which it is demonstrated that selective memory retrieval has two faces and that it can both impair and improve recall of other items. In this recent work, participants' access to study context during selective retrieval was experimentally manipulated and it was examined whether such manipulation influences the effects of selective retrieval. Access to study context was manipulated using listwise directed forgetting, context-dependent forgetting and time-dependent forgetting. The results consistently showed that selective retrieval impairs recall of other memories if access to study context during retrieval is largely maintained, but that selective retrieval can improve recall if study context access is impaired. The findings are explained by a two-factor account, which claims that, in general, selective retrieval does not only trigger inhibition and blocking but also triggers context reactivation processes. The proposal is that primarily inhibition and blocking operate when study context access during selective retrieval is largely maintained, whereas primarily context reactivation processes operate when study context access is impaired. Current findings on the two faces of selective retrieval are well consistent with this theoretical view. KW - Blocking KW - Context reactivation KW - Episodic memory KW - Inhibition KW - Memory development KW - Retrieval-induced facilitation KW - Retrieval-induced forgetting KW - Social recall Y1 - 2021 UR - https://doi.org/10.1016/bs.plm.2016.11.004 SP - 167 EP - 209 PB - Academic Press CY - London, Oxford, Boston, New York, San Diego ER -