TY - JOUR A1 - Senju, Y A1 - Mukaino, M A1 - Prodinger, Birgit A1 - Selb, M A1 - Okouchi, Y A1 - Mizutani, K A1 - Suzuki, M A1 - Yamada, S A1 - Izumi, SI A1 - Sonoda, S A1 - Otaka, Y A1 - Saitoh, E A1 - Stucki, G T1 - Development of a clinical tool for rating the body function categories of the ICF generic-30/rehabilitation set in Japanese rehabilitation practice and examination of its interrater reliability JF - BMC Medical Research Methodology N2 - Background: The International Classification of Functioning, Disability, and Health (ICF) Generic-30 (Rehabilitation) Set is a tool used to assess the functioning of a clinical population in rehabilitation. The ICF Generic-30 consists of nine ICF categories from the component "body functions" and 21 from the component "activities and participation". This study aimed to develop a rating reference guide for the nine body function categories of the ICF Generic-30 Set using a predefined, structured process and to examine the interrater reliability of the ratings using the rating reference guide. Methods: The development of the first version of the rating reference guide involved the following steps: (1) a trial of rating patients by several raters; (2) cognitive interviews with each rater to analyze the thought process involved in each rating; (3) the drafting of the rating reference guide by a multidisciplinary panel; and (4) a review by ICF specialists to confirm consistency with the ICF. Subsequently, we conducted a first field test to gain insight into the use of the guide in practice. The reference guide was modified based on the raters' feedback in the field test, and an inter-rater reliability test was conducted thereafter. Interrater agreement was evaluated using weighted kappa statistics with linear weights. Results: The first version of the rating reference guide was successfully developed and tested. The weighted kappa coefficient in the field testing ranged from 0.25 to 0.92. The interrater reliability testing of the rating reference guide modified based on the field test results yielded an improved weighted kappa coefficient ranging from 0.53 to 0.78. Relative improvements in the weighted kappa coefficients were observed in seven out of the nine categories. Consequently, seven out of nine categories were found to have a weighted kappa coefficient of 0.61 or higher. Conclusions: In this study, we developed and modified a rating reference guide for the body function categories of the ICF Generic-30 Set. The interrater reliability test using the final version of the rating reference guide showed moderate to substantial interrater agreement, which encouraged the use of the ICF in rehabilitation practice. KW - Clinical tool KW - International Classification of Functioning, Disability, and Health KW - Interrater reliability KW - Rehabilitation Y1 - 2021 UR - https://doi.org/10.1186/s12874-021-01302-0 VL - 21 IS - 1 SP - 121 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Seckler, Eva A1 - Regauer, Verena A1 - Krüger, Melanie A1 - Gabriel, Anna A1 - Hermsdörfer, Joachim A1 - Niemietz, Carolin A1 - Bauer, Petra A1 - Müller, Martin T1 - Improving mobility and participation of older people with vertigo, dizziness and balance disorders in primary care using a care pathway: feasibility study and process evaluation JF - BMC Family Practice N2 - Background Community-dwelling older people are frequently affected by vertigo, dizziness and balance disorders (VDB). We previously developed a care pathway (CPW) to improve their mobility and participation by offering standardized approaches for general practitioners (GPs) and physical therapists (PTs). We aimed to assess the feasibility of the intervention, its implementation strategy and the study procedures in preparation for the subsequent main trial. Methods This 12-week prospective cohort feasibility study was accompanied by a process evaluation designed according to the UK Medical Research Council’s Guidance for developing and evaluating complex interventions. Patients with VDB (≥65 years), GPs and PTs in primary care were included. The intervention consisted of a diagnostic screening checklist for GPs and a guide for PTs. The implementation strategy included specific educational trainings and a telephone helpline. Data for mixed-method process evaluation were collected via standardized questionnaires, field notes and qualitative interviews. Quantitative data were analysed using descriptive statistics, qualitative data using content analysis. Results A total of five GP practices (seven single GPs), 10 PT practices and 22 patients were included in the study. The recruitment of GPs and patients was challenging (response rates: GP practices: 28%, PT practices: 39%). Ninety-one percent of the patients and all health professionals completed the study. The health professionals responded well to the educational trainings; the utilization of the telephone helpline was low (one call each from GPs and PTs). Familiarisation with the routine of application of the intervention and positive attitudes were emphasized as facilitators of the implementation of the intervention, whereas a lack of time was mentioned as a barrier. Despite difficulties in the GPs’ adherence to the intervention protocol, the GPs, PTs and patients saw benefit in the intervention. The patients’ treatment adherence to physical therapy was good. There were minor issues in data collection, but no unintended consequences. Conclusion Although the process evaluation provided good support for the feasibility of study procedures, the intervention and its implementation strategy, we identified a need for improvement in recruitment of participants, the GP intervention part and the data collection procedures. The findings will inform the main trial to test the interventions effectiveness in a cluster RCT. Trial registration Projektdatenbank Versorgungsforschung Deutschland (German registry Health Services Research) VfD_MobilE-PHY_17_003910, date of registration: 30.11.2017; Deutsches Register Klinischer Studien (German Clinical Trials Register) DRKS00022918, date of registration: 03.09.2020 (retrospectively registered). KW - Critical pathways KW - Primary health care KW - General practitioners KW - Aged KW - Vertigo KW - Dizziness KW - Physical therapy modalities KW - Implementation science KW - Feasibility studies Y1 - 2021 UR - https://doi.org/10.1186/s12875-021-01410-2 VL - 22 SP - 62 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Regauer, Verena A1 - Seckler, Eva A1 - Grill, Eva A1 - Ippisch, Richard A1 - Jahn, Klaus A1 - Bauer, Petra A1 - Müller, Martin T1 - Development of a complex intervention to improve mobility and participation of older people with vertigo, dizziness and balance disorders in primary care: a mixed methods study JF - BMC Family Practice N2 - Background Vertigo, dizziness and balance disorders (VDB) are common in older people and cause restrictions in mobility and social participation. Due to a multifactorial aetiology, health care is often overutilised, but many patients are also treated insufficiently in primary care. The purpose of this study was to develop a care pathway as a complex intervention to improve mobility and participation in older people with VDB in primary care. Methods The development process followed the UK Medical Research Council guidance using a mixed-methods design with individual and group interviews carried out with patients, physical therapists (PTs), general practitioners (GPs), nurses working in community care and a multi-professional expert panel to create a first draft of a care pathway (CPW) and implementation strategy using the Consolidated Framework of Implementation Research and the Expert recommendations for Implementing Change. Subsequently, small expert group modelling of specific components of the CPW was carried out, with GPs, medical specialists and PTs. The Behaviour Change Wheel was applied to design the intervention´s approach to behaviour change. To derive theoretical assumptions, we adopted Kellogg´s Logic Model to consolidate the hypothesized chain of causes leading to patient-relevant outcomes. Results Individual interviews with patients showed that VDB symptoms need to be taken more seriously by GPs. Patients demanded age-specific treatment offers, group sessions or a continuous mentoring by a PT. GPs required a specific guideline for diagnostics and treatment options including psychosocial interventions. Specific assignment to and a standardized approach during physical therapy were desired by PTs. Nurses favoured a multi-professional documentation system. The structured three-day expert workshop resulted in a first draft of CPW and potential implementation strategies. Subsequent modelling resulted in a CPW with components and appropriate training materials for involved health professionals. A specific implementation strategy is now available. Conclusion A mixed-methods design was suggested to be a suitable approach to develop a complex intervention and its implementation strategy. We will subsequently test the intervention for its acceptability and feasibility in a feasibility study accompanied by a comprehensive process evaluation to inform a subsequent effectiveness trial. Trial Registration The research project is registered in “Projektdatenbank Versorgungsforschung Deutschland” (Project-ID: VfD_MobilE-PHY_17_003910; date of registration: 30.11.2017). KW - Critical Pathways KW - Implementation Science KW - Primary Health Care KW - Aged KW - Vertigo KW - Dizziness KW - General Practitioners KW - Physical Therapy Modalities Y1 - 2021 UR - https://doi.org/10.1186/s12875-021-01441-9 VL - 22 SP - 89 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Regauer, Verena A1 - Seckler, Eva A1 - Campbell, Craig A1 - Phillips, Amanda A1 - Rotter, Thomas A1 - Bauer, Petra A1 - Müller, Martin T1 - German translation and pre-testing of Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR) and Expert Recommendations for Implementing Change (ERIC) JF - Implementation Science Communications N2 - Background Implementation frameworks may support local implementation strategies with a sound theoretical foundation. The Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR) facilitates identification of contextual barriers and facilitators, and the Expert Recommendations for Implementing Change (ERIC) allows identifying adequate implementation strategies. Both instruments are already used in German-speaking countries; however, no standardised and validated translation is available thus far. The aim of this study was to translate the CFIR and ERIC framework into German, in order to increase the use of these frameworks and the adherence to evidence-based implementation efforts in German-speaking countries. Methods The translation of the original versions of the CFIR and ERIC framework was guided by the World Health Organisation’s recommendations for the process of translating and adapting both conceptual frameworks. Accordingly, a four-step process was employed: first, forward translation from English into German was conducted by a research team of German native speakers with fluent knowledge of the English language. Second, a bilingual expert panel comprising one researcher with German as his mother tongue and expert command of the English language and one English language expert and university teacher reviewed the translation and discussed inconsistencies with the initial translators. Third, back-translation into English was conducted by an English native speaking researcher. The final version was pre-tested with 12 German researchers and clinicians who were involved in implementation projects using cognitive interviews. Results The translation and review process revealed some inconsistencies between the original version and the German translations. All issues could be solved by discussion. Central aspects of the items were confirmed in 60 to 70% of the items, and modifications were proposed in 30% of the items. Finally, we revised one CFIR-item heading after pre-testing. The final version was given consent by all involved parties. Conclusions Now, two validated and tested implementation frameworks to guide implementation efforts are available in the German language and can be used to increase the application of agreed-on implementation strategies into practice. KW - Implementation science KW - Implementation strategies KW - Knowledge translation strategies KW - Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research KW - Expert Recommendations for Implementing Change Y1 - 2021 UR - https://doi.org/10.1186/s43058-021-00222-w VL - 2 SP - 120 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Nicol, R A1 - Yu, H A1 - Selb, M A1 - Prodinger, Birgit A1 - Hartvigsen, J A1 - Côté, P T1 - How Does the Measurement of Disability in Low Back Pain Map Unto the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health?: A Scoping Review of the Manual Medicine Literature JF - American Journal of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation N2 - The objective of this study was to catalog items from instruments used to measure functioning, disability, and contextual factors in patients with low back pain treated with manual medicine (manipulation and mobilization) according to the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health. This catalog will be used to inform the development of an International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health-based assessment schedule for low back pain patients treated with manual medicine. In this scoping review, we systematically searched MEDLINE, Embase, PsycINFO, and CINAHL. We identified instruments (questionnaires, clinical tests, single questions) used to measure functioning, disability, and contextual factors, extracted the relevant items, and then linked these items to the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health. We included 95 articles and identified 1510 meaningful concepts. All but 70 items were linked to the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health. Of the concepts linked to the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health, body functions accounted for 34.7%, body structures accounted for 0%, activities and participation accounted for 41%, environmental factors accounted for 3.6%, and personal factors accounted for 16%. Most items used to measure functioning and disability in low back pain patient treated with manual medicine focus on body functions, as well as activities and participation. The lack of measures that address environmental factors warrants further investigation. KW - Low Back Pain KW - International Classification of Functioning, Disability, and Health KW - Musculoskeletal Manipulations KW - Disability Evaluation Y1 - 2021 UR - https://doi.org/10.1097/PHM.0000000000001636 VL - 100 IS - 4 SP - 367 EP - 395 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Lüftl, Katharina A1 - Kerres, Andrea A1 - Wissing, Christiane T1 - Wer braucht welche Praxisanleitung? Umgang mit Heterogenität in der praktischen Ausbildung (Teil 1) JF - Pflegezeitschrift N2 - Die Frage „Wer braucht welche Anleitung?“ lässt sich nicht im Sinne einer Rezeptempfehlung beantworten. Praxisanleitende haben verschiedene Optionen, um heterogene Lernvoraussetzungen aufzugreifen. Dabei zeigt sich als Basis, das Erstgespräch für eine fundierte Bedingungsanalyse zu nutzen und Lernenden dabei Mitverantwortung zu geben. Anleitungsziele können partizipativ formuliert werden und Praxisanleitende sollten mit den Curricula der verschiedenen Ausbildungsgänge vertraut sein. Patientenfälle lassen sich hinsichtlich unterschiedlich komplexer Pflegebedarfe und Anleitungsmethoden beispielsweise nach der Art der Arbeitsweisen auswählen. Schlüsselwörter: Praxisanleitung, Heterogenität, Lernvoraussetzungen KW - Praxisanleitung Y1 - 2021 UR - https://doi.org/10.1007/s41906-021-1089-4 VL - 74 IS - 8 SP - 42 EP - 45 PB - Springer Verlag CY - Heidelberg ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Lüftl, Katharina A1 - Kerres, Andrea A1 - Wissing, Christiane T1 - Welche Praxisanleitung eignet sich für wen? Heterogene Lernvoraussetzungen berücksichtigen (Teil 2) JF - Pflegezeitschrift N2 - Um einen adaptiven Stil der Praxisanleitung umzusetzen, benötigen Praxisanleitende Unterstützung. Im vorliegenden Beitrag wird deshalb exemplarisch aufgezeigt, welchen Beitrag Hochschulen im Rahmen der Lernortkooperation leisten können, damit Praxisanleitende aus dem Curriculum der hochschulischen Pflegeausbildung Schlussfolgerungen für die Gestaltung von Anleitungssituationen ziehen können. Auch Rahmenbedingungen für einen konstruktiven Umgang mit Heterogenität werden aufgezeigt. Schlüsselwörter: Adaptive Praxisanleitung, Heterogenität, Lernvoraussetzungen KW - Praxisanleitung Y1 - 2021 UR - https://doi.org/10.1007/s41906-021-1109-4 VL - 74 IS - 9 SP - 38 EP - 41 PB - Springer Verlag CY - Heidelberg ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Link, Friederike A1 - Hostmannshoff, Caren A1 - Müller, Martin A1 - Lüftl, Katharina T1 - Wissenschaftliche Karriere bis zur HAW-Professur in pflegebezogenen Studiengängen - Ziel oder Kompromiss? Ergebnisse einer Befragung wissenschaftlicher Nachwuchskräfte an unterschiedlichen Etappen des Karriereweges JF - Lehren & Lernen im Gesundheitswesen N2 - Die Pflegewissenschaft in Deutschland steht vor der Herausforderung, wissenschaftliche Strukturen und Karrierewege auszubilden. Erschwert wird dies durch einen Mangel an wissenschaftlichem Nachwuchs, der das Potential hat, pflegewissenschaftliche Professuren mit wissenschaftlicher Exzellenz und praktischer Erfahrung zu füllen. Ziel dieses Beitrags ist es, darzustellen, was auslösende Momente für wissenschaftliche Karrieren sind, die in Professuren pflegebezogener Studiengänge münden, und welche Kontextbedingungen diese Karrieren beeinflussen. Es soll auch aufgezeigt werden, wie wissenschaftliche Nachwuchskräfte vorgehen, um ihre Ziele zu erreichen und welche Konsequenzen sich daraus für sie und für die Pflegewissenschaft ergeben. Auf dieser Grundlage sollen Empfehlungen für die Nachwuchsförderung entwickelt werden, um mehr geeignete Personen für Professuren in pflegebezogenen Studiengängen zu gewinnen. Vorhandene Daten teilnarrativer Interviews mit ProfessorInnen (n=11) und Masterstudierenden (n=11) sowie Promovierenden (n=10) pflegebezogener Studiengänge wurden im Rahmen einer retrospektiven Datenanalyse mit dem dreistufigen Codierverfahren der Grounded Theory Methodologie ausgewertet. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass in der Pflegepraxis gewonnene Erfahrungen auslösende Momente wissenschaftlicher Karrieren sind. Diese lösen den Drang aus, die dort herrschende Situation zu verändern, wobei sich vier Karrieretypen unterscheiden lassen: Typ A forscht, weil er erlebt hat, dass es für pflegerische Phänomene keine geeigneten Pflegeinterventionen gab. Typ B lehrt, um dazu beizutragen, dass Pflegende zukünftig besser ausgebildet werden. Typ C ist als Pflegeperson von ÄrztInnen nicht ausreichend anerkannt worden und absolviert eine wissenschaftliche Qualifikation, um mit ihnen auf Augenhöhe zu gelangen. Typ D wollte in der Praxis bleiben, ist aber bei Weiterentwicklungsprozessen blockiert worden und nimmt als Kompromiss eine Professur an. Identifizierte Kontextfaktoren sind u.a. mangelnde Wertschätzung für wissenschaftliches Handeln in der Pflege und das Fehlen von Stellen für hochschulisch qualifizierte Pflegepersonen in der Praxis. Angesichts der bestehenden Bedingungen können hochschulisch qualifizierte Pflegende in der Praxis nicht Fuß fassen. Als Konsequenz für die Pflegewissenschaft als Disziplin zeigt sich, dass in der Pflegepraxis Vorbilder fehlen, die zukünftige Generationen Pflegender dazu anregen könnten, selbst eine wissenschaftliche Karriere in der Pflege einzuschlagen. Dadurch besteht die Gefahr einer Verkümmerung der Pflegewissenschaft. Auf Grundlage der Ergebnisse wird die durchgängige Implementierung geeigneter Stellen für hochschulisch qualifizierte Pflegepersonen in der Pflegepraxis als Ausgangsbasis wissenschaftlicher Nachwuchsförderung betrachtet. Als Konzept werden Hochschul-Praxis-Partnerschaften skizziert, die beginnend auf Bachelorniveau bis zur Post-doc-Phase Strukturen zu einem systematischen praxisbezogenen wissenschaftlichen Kompetenzauf- und -ausbau für akademisch qualifizierte Pflegende etablieren. KW - Wissenschaftlicher Nachwuchs, Pflegewissenschaft, Karrierewege, Karrieretypen, Professuren, Grounded Theory Methodologie Y1 - 2021 VL - 2021 IS - 6 SP - 73 EP - 86 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Link, Friederike A1 - Horstmannshoff, Caren A1 - Müller, Martin A1 - Lüftl, Katharina T1 - Wissenschaftliche Karriere bis zur Professur in pflegebezogenen Studiengängen – Ziel oder Kompromiss? BT - Ergebnisse einer Befragung wissenschaftlicher Nachwuchskräfte an unterschiedlichen Etappen des Karriereweges JF - Lehren & Lernen im Gesundheitswesen LLiG N2 - Die Pflegewissenschaft in Deutschland steht vor der Herausforderung, wissenschaftliche Strukturen und Karrierewege auszubilden. Erschwert wird dies durch einen Mangel an wissenschaftlichem Nachwuchs, der das Potential hat, pflegewissenschaftliche Professuren mit wissenschaftlicher Exzellenz und praktischer Erfahrung zu füllen. Ziel dieses Beitrags ist es, darzustellen, was auslösende Momente für wissenschaftliche Karrieren sind, die in Professuren pflegebezogener Studiengänge münden, und welche Kontextbedingungen diese Karrieren beeinflussen. Es soll auch aufgezeigt werden, wie wissenschaftliche Nachwuchskräfte vorgehen, um ihre Ziele zu erreichen und welche Konsequenzen sich daraus für sie und für die Pflegewissenschaft ergeben. Auf dieser Grundlage sollen Empfehlungen für die Nachwuchsförderung entwickelt werden, um mehr geeignete Personen für Professuren in pflegebezogenen Studiengängen zu gewinnen. Vorhandene Daten teilnarrativer Interviews mit ProfessorInnen (n=11) und Masterstudierenden (n=11) sowie Promovierenden (n=10) pflegebezogener Studiengänge wurden im Rahmen einer retrospektiven Datenanalyse mit dem dreistufigen Codierverfahren der Grounded Theory Methodologie ausgewertet. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass in der Pflegepraxis gewonnene Erfahrungen auslösende Momente wissenschaftlicher Karrieren sind. Diese lösen den Drang aus, die dort herrschende Situation zu verändern, wobei sich vier Karrieretypen unterscheiden lassen: Typ A forscht, weil er erlebt hat, dass es für pflegerische Phänomene keine geeigneten Pflegeinterventionen gab. Typ B lehrt, um dazu beizutragen, dass Pflegende zukünftig besser ausgebildet werden. Typ C ist als Pflegeperson von ÄrztInnen nicht ausreichend anerkannt worden und absolviert eine wissenschaftliche Qualifikation, um mit ihnen auf Augenhöhe zu gelangen. Typ D wollte in der Praxis bleiben, ist aber bei Weiterentwicklungsprozessen blockiert worden und nimmt als Kompromiss eine Professur an. Identifizierte Kontextfaktoren sind u.a. mangelnde Wertschätzung für wissenschaftliches Handeln in der Pflege und das Fehlen von Stellen für hochschulisch qualifizierte Pflegepersonen in der Praxis. Angesichts der bestehenden Bedingungen können hochschulisch qualifizierte Pflegende in der Praxis nicht Fuß fassen. Als Konsequenz für die Pflegewissenschaft als Disziplin zeigt sich, dass in der Pflegepraxis Vorbilder fehlen, die zukünftige Generationen Pflegender dazu anregen könnten, selbst eine wissenschaftliche Karriere in der Pflege einzuschlagen. Dadurch besteht die Gefahr einer Verkümmerung der Pflegewissenschaft. Auf Grundlage der Ergebnisse wird die durchgängige Implementierung geeigneter Stellen für hochschulisch qualifizierte Pflegepersonen in der Pflegepraxis als Ausgangsbasis wissenschaftlicher Nachwuchsförderung betrachtet. Als Konzept werden Hochschul-Praxis-Partnerschaften skizziert, die beginnend auf Bachelorniveau bis zur Post-doc-Phase Strukturen zu einem systematischen praxisbezogenen wissenschaftlichen Kompetenzauf- und -ausbau für akademisch qualifizierte Pflegende etablieren. N2 - Nursing science in Germany faces the challenge of developing scientific structures and career paths. This is made more difficult by a lack of young scientists who have the potential to fill nursing science professorships with scientific excellence and practical experience. The aim of this article is to present triggering moments for academic careers leading to professorships in nursing-related programmes and what contextual conditions influence these careers. Furthermore, the aim is to show how young academics proceed in order to achieve their goals and what consequences arise. Based on these findings, recommendations for the support of young academics will be presented in order to attract more suitable persons for professorships in nursing-related study programmes. Existing data from semi-narrative interviews with professors (n=11) and master‘s students (n=11) as well as doctoral students (n=10) in nursing-related degree programmes were analysed in a retrospective data analysis using the three-stage coding procedure of grounded theory methodology. Triggering moments of academic careers are experiences made in nursing practice, which evoke an urge for change. Four scientific career types can be distinguished, each choosing different strategies for the changes they see as necessary. Consequences are long, non-straight paths to a professorship and a lack of university-qualified nurses in nursing practice. The basis for the support of young academics in nursing science should be the implementation of vacancies for highly qualified nurnurses in nursing practice and support beginning as early as the bachelor‘s degree. KW - Wissenschaftlicher Nachwuchs KW - Pflegewissenschaft KW - Karrierewege KW - Karrieretypen KW - Professuren KW - Grounded Theory Methodologie Y1 - 2021 VL - 2021 IS - 6 SP - 73 EP - 85 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Hodel, Jsabel A1 - Stucki, Gerold A1 - Prodinger, Birgit T1 - The potential of prediction models of functioning remains to be fully exploited: A scoping review in the field of spinal cord injury rehabilitation JF - Journal of Clinical Epidemiology N2 - Objective: The study aimed to explore existing prediction models of functioning in spinal cord injury (SCI). Study design and setting: The databases PubMed, EBSCOhost CINAHL Complete, and IEEE Xplore were searched for relevant literature. The search strategy included published search filters for prediction model and impact studies, index terms and keywords for SCI, and relevant outcome measures able to assess functioning as reflected in the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF). The search was completed in October 2020. Results: We identified seven prediction model studies reporting twelve prediction models of functioning. The identified prediction models were mainly envisioned to be used for rehabilitation planning, however, also other possible applications were stated. The method predominantly used was regression analysis and the investigated predictors covered mainly the ICF components of body functions and activities and participation, next to characteristics of the health condition and health interventions. Conclusion: Findings suggest that the development of prediction models of functioning for use in clinical practice remains to be fully exploited. By providing a comprehensive overview of what has been done, this review informs future research on prediction models of functioning in SCI and contributes to an efficient use of research evidence. KW - Spinal Cord Injuries KW - Rehabilitation KW - Prognosis KW - Diagnosis KW - Clinical Decision Rules KW - Forecasting Y1 - 2021 UR - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclinepi.2021.07.015 VL - 139 SP - 177 EP - 190 ER -