TY - JOUR A1 - Langdon-Arms, Samuel A1 - Gschwendtner, Michael A1 - Neumaier, Martin T1 - Rayleigh-Taylor instability in oscillating liquid pistons JF - Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part C: Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science N2 - In this study, an experimental apparatus is used to excite four U-tube-shaped liquid pistons connected in series, and to study their behaviour. Some of the gas spaces are heated to induce piston oscillations; in others, gas expansion is utilised to produce a refrigeration effect. It was discovered that the liquid piston surface would become unstable and turbulent at relatively low gas charge pressures (2 bar–3 bar). Cylindrical polyethylene floats were employed at each piston surface in order to reduce the area of the free surface of each piston and allow experiments to be conducted over a wide range of operating conditions. Experiments were carried out using gas charge pressures in the range of 1 bar–6 bar. The resulting liquid piston oscillations were measured and analysed to assess the impact of any developing piston instability. Evidence of a liquid piston acceleration limit, likely resulting from the Rayleigh-Taylor instability phenomenon, is consistently observed during the experiments. The use of submerged polyethylene piston floats is found to increase the surface stability and enable maximum accelerations of 25 ms−2 to 30 ms−2. KW - Liquid pistons KW - free pistons KW - Siemens configuration KW - Rayleigh-Taylor instability in liquid pistons KW - liquid piston surface stability KW - liquid piston stability KW - liquid piston surface floats Y1 - 2019 UR - https://doi.org/10.1177/0954406218768836 VL - 233 IS - 4 SP - 1236 EP - 1245 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Langdon-Arms, Samuel A1 - Gschwendtner, Michael A1 - Neumaier, Martin T1 - A novel solar-powered liquid piston Stirling refrigerator JF - Applied Energy N2 - The objective of this research project is to develop a solar-powered refrigerator in the lower capacity range of up to 5 kW of cooling power. With the use of liquid pistons and one of the most efficient thermodynamic cycles known, the Stirling cycle, this product has the potential to outperform rival solar cooling technologies while providing inexpensive, reliable, quiet, environmentally-friendly, and efficient solar cooling for residential use, due to its straightforward manufacturing, simple design and inert working gas. Presented in this paper are the newest results of the theoretical and experimental investigation into deducing the key design parameters and system configuration of the so-called Liquid Piston Stirling Cooler (LPSC), which will help lead to optimal performance. Computer models of the complex unconstrained system have been constructed and validated using the modelling software Sage and shown to replicate system behavior with reasonable accuracy in experiments. The models have been used to predict system improvements and identify limitations imposed by the use of liquid pistons. The results to date provide a unique insight into a relatively little studied area in Stirling cycle research. KW - Stirling cycle KW - Refrigeration KW - Liquid pistons KW - Renewable energy KW - Solar heating and cooling KW - Free-pistons KW - Sage Y1 - 2018 UR - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2018.08.040 VL - 229 SP - 603 EP - 613 ER -