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    <completedYear>2022</completedYear>
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    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst>E18750</pageFirst>
    <pageLast>E18750</pageLast>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue>16_suppl</issue>
    <volume>40</volume>
    <type>article</type>
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    <title language="eng">Clinical impact of SARS-CoV-2 delta variant infection in tumor patients and the impact of vaccination on different cancer treatment regimens.</title>
    <abstract language="eng">Background:&#13;
Data on SARS-CoV-2 infections in oncological patients in the outpatient settings are scarce.&#13;
Methods:&#13;
During the spread of the delta variant between April 2021 and September 2021, a total of 10.677 patients were tested for SARS-CoV-2 infection by RT-qPCR in seven outpatient clinics in Bavaria, Germany.&#13;
Results:&#13;
Within the tested patient cohort, 4.960 patients (46.5%) suffered from a malignant disease (74% solid tumors and 26% malignant hematological diseases). This group was compared with 5.717 patients (53.5%) without a malignant disease (33.1% with other hematological diseases and 66.9% patients without a hematological or oncological disease). During the observation period, 119 (2.4%) patients with malignancies were tested positive (88 patients with solid tumors; 31 patients with malignant hematological diseases) compared to 115 positive patients (2.0%) in the control group. 32 of 119 positively tested patients (26.9%) suffering from malignant disease required hospitalization and 9/32 patients (28.1%) died during the clinical course.&#13;
Conclusions:&#13;
These observations are in clear contrast to data from patients we evaluated during the pre-delta variants period between 15 and 26 April 2020 in the same seven outpatient clinics. In this period, a total of 1.227 patients were tested for SARS-CoV-2 by RT-qPCR. 78/1227 patients (6.3%) were tested positive in RT-qPCR and most showed mild symptoms of infection. None of the SARS-CoV-2 infected patients died. These data were analyzed when no vaccination was available. These data were evaluated during a period where no vaccine was available. Vaccination of patients with malignancies with BiontechPfizer's mRNA vaccines was started in April 2021. The response to the vaccine was tested by an antibody assay (Elecsys Anti-SARS-CoV-2 S-immunoassay, Roche) at the earliest four weeks after the second vaccination. To assess the response, we compared five patient cohorts: Patients who received (i) B cell depleting antibodies, (ii) checkpoint inhibitors (ICI), (iii) chemotherapy, or (iv) tyrosin kinase inhibitors (TKIs), and (v) healthy controls. The patients treated with ICI or TKI showed a comparable vaccination response to the healthy patients, while patients receiving Rituximab/Obinutuzumab showed no significant humoral vaccination response at all. The more severe disease course of patients infected by the SARS-CoV-2 delta variant compared to the initial waves of infections strongly underline the importance of vaccination in cancer patients.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="eng">Journal of Clinical Oncology</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="doi">10.1200/JCO.2022.40.16_suppl.e18750</identifier>
    <enrichment key="opus.import.data">@article WOS:000863680303887, Author = Hempel, Louisa and Piehler, Armin and Gandorfer, Beate and De Oliveira, Julia Veloso and Philipp, Patrick and Robert, Sebastian and Axel, Kleespies and Schick, Cordula and Fleischmann, Bastian and Schweneker, Katrin and Milani, Valeria and Schenk, Kristina and Ebner, Florian and Donhauser, Lara and Zehn, Dietmar and Hempel, Dirk, Title = Clinical impact of SARS-CoV-2 delta variant infection in tumor patients and the impact of vaccination on different cancer treatment regimens., Journal = JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ONCOLOGY, Year = 2022, Volume = 40, Number = 16, S, Meeting = e18750, Pages = E18750, Month = JUN 1, ISSN = 0732-183X, EISSN = 1527-7755, Unique-ID = WOS:000863680303887,</enrichment>
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    <enrichment key="opus.import.date">2022-11-11T08:04:35+00:00</enrichment>
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    <author>Louisa Hempel</author>
    <author>Armin Piehler</author>
    <author>Beate Gandorfer</author>
    <author>Julia Veloso De Oliveira</author>
    <author>Patrick Philipp</author>
    <author>Sebastian Robert</author>
    <author>Kleespies Axel</author>
    <author>Cordula Schick</author>
    <author>Bastian Fleischmann</author>
    <author>Katrin Schweneker</author>
    <author>Valeria Milani</author>
    <author>Kristina Schenk</author>
    <author>Florian Ebner</author>
    <author>Lara Donhauser</author>
    <author>Dietmar Zehn</author>
    <author>Dirk Hempel</author>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">Fakultät für Angewandte Gesundheits- und Sozialwissenschaften</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>2303</id>
    <completedYear>2023</completedYear>
    <publishedYear/>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst/>
    <pageLast/>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue>9</issue>
    <volume>11</volume>
    <type>article</type>
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    <title language="eng">Responses of patients with cancer to mRNA vaccines depend on the time interval between vaccination and last treatment</title>
    <abstract language="deu">Background Personalized mRNA vaccines are promising new therapeutic options for patients with cancer. Because mRNA vaccines are not yet approved for first-line therapy, the vaccines are presently applied to individuals that received prior therapies that can have immunocompromising effects. There is a need to address how prior treatments impact mRNA vaccine outcomes.&#13;
&#13;
Method Therefore, we analyzed the response to BioNTech/Pfizer’s anti-SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccine in 237 oncology outpatients, which cover a broad spectrum of hematologic malignancies and solid tumors and a variety of treatments. Patients were stratified by the time interval between the last treatment and first vaccination and by the presence or absence of florid tumors and IgG titers and T cell responses were analyzed 14 days after the second vaccination.&#13;
&#13;
Results Regardless of the last treatment time point, our data indicate that vaccination responses in patients with checkpoint inhibition were comparable to healthy controls. In contrast, patients after chemotherapy or cortisone therapy did not develop an immune response until 6 months after the last systemic therapy and patients after Cht-immune checkpoint inhibitor and tyrosine kinase inhibitor therapy only after 12 months.&#13;
&#13;
Conclusion Accordingly, our data support that timing of mRNA-based therapy is critical and we suggest that at least a 6-months or 12-months waiting interval should be observed before mRNA vaccination in systemically treated patients.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="eng">Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="doi">10.1136/jitc-2023-007387</identifier>
    <enrichment key="opus.import.data">@article Donhausere007387, author = Lara Victoria Donhauser and Julia Veloso de Oliveira and Cordula Schick and Wenzel Manlik and Sabrina Styblova and Sarah Lutzenberger and Michael Aigner and Patrick Philipp and Sebastian Robert and Beate Gandorfer and Dirk Hempel and Louisa Hempel and Dietmar Zehn, title = Responses of patients with cancer to mRNA vaccines depend on the time interval between vaccination and last treatment, volume = 11, number = 9, elocation-id = e007387, year = 2023, doi = 10.1136/jitc-2023-007387, publisher = BMJ Specialist Journals, abstract = Background Personalized mRNA vaccines are promising new therapeutic options for patients with cancer. Because mRNA vaccines are not yet approved for first-line therapy, the vaccines are presently applied to individuals that received prior therapies that can have immunocompromising effects. There is a need to address how prior treatments impact mRNA vaccine outcomes.Method Therefore, we analyzed the response to BioNTech/Pfizer’s anti-SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccine in 237 oncology outpatients, which cover a broad spectrum of hematologic malignancies and solid tumors and a variety of treatments. Patients were stratified by the time interval between the last treatment and first vaccination and by the presence or absence of florid tumors and IgG titers and T cell responses were analyzed 14 days after the second vaccination.Results Regardless of the last treatment time point, our data indicate that vaccination responses in patients with checkpoint inhibition were comparable to healthy controls. In contrast, patients after chemotherapy or cortisone therapy did not develop an immune response until 6 months after the last systemic therapy and patients after Cht-immune checkpoint inhibitor and tyrosine kinase inhibitor therapy only after 12 months.Conclusion Accordingly, our data support that timing of mRNA-based therapy is critical and we suggest that at least a 6-months or 12-months waiting interval should be observed before mRNA vaccination in systemically treated patients.All data relevant to the study are included in the article or uploaded as online supplemental information., URL = https://jitc.bmj.com/content/11/9/e007387, eprint = https://jitc.bmj.com/content/11/9/e007387.full.pdf, journal = Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer</enrichment>
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    <enrichment key="opus.import.date">2023-09-25T06:33:42+00:00</enrichment>
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    <author>Lara Victoria Donhauser</author>
    <author>Julia Veloso de Oliveira</author>
    <author>Cordula Schick</author>
    <author>Wenzel Manlik</author>
    <author>Sabrina Styblova</author>
    <author>Sarah Lutzenberger</author>
    <author>Michael Aigner</author>
    <author>Patrick Philipp</author>
    <author>Sebastian Robert</author>
    <author>Beate Gandorfer</author>
    <author>Dirk Hempel</author>
    <author>Louisa Hempel</author>
    <author>Dietmar Zehn</author>
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