<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<export-example>
  <doc>
    <id>2393</id>
    <completedYear>2024</completedYear>
    <publishedYear/>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst/>
    <pageLast/>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue>4</issue>
    <volume>15</volume>
    <type>article</type>
    <publisherName/>
    <publisherPlace/>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>0</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">Bill It Right: Evaluating Public Charging Station Usage Behavior under the Presence of Different Pricing Policies</title>
    <abstract language="deu">This study investigates for the first time how public charging infrastructure usage differs under the presence of diverse pricing models. About 3 million charging events from different European countries were classified according to five different pricing models (cost-free, flat-rate, time-based, energy-based, and mixed) and evaluated using various performance indicators such as connection duration; transferred energy volumes; average power; achievable revenue; and the share of charging and idle time for AC, DC, and HPC charging infrastructure. The study results show that the performance indicators differed for the classified pricing models. In addition to the quantitative comparison of the performance indicators, a Kruskal–Wallis one-way analysis of variance and a pairwise comparison using the Mann–Whitney-U test were used to show that the data distributions of the defined pricing models were statistically significantly different. The results are discussed from various perspectives on the efficient design of public charging infrastructure. The results show that time-based pricing models can improve the availability of public charging infrastructure, as the connection duration per charging event can be roughly halved compared to other pricing models. Flat-rate pricing models and AC charging infrastructure can support the temporal shift of charging events, such as shifting demand peaks, as charging events usually have several hours of idle time per charging process. By quantifying various performance indicators for different charging technologies and pricing models, the study is relevant for stakeholders involved in the development and operation of public charging infrastructure.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="eng">World Electric Vehicle Journal</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="doi">10.3390/wevj15040175</identifier>
    <enrichment key="opus.import.data">@articlefischer_bill_2024, title = Bill It Right: Evaluating Public Charging Station Usage Behavior under the Presence of Different Pricing Policies, volume = 15, copyright = http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/, issn = 2032-6653, shorttitle = Bill It Right, url = https://www.mdpi.com/2032-6653/15/4/175, doi = 10.3390/wevj15040175, abstract = This study investigates for the first time how public charging infrastructure usage differs under the presence of diverse pricing models. About 3 million charging events from different European countries were classified according to five different pricing models (cost-free, flat-rate, time-based, energy-based, and mixed) and evaluated using various performance indicators such as connection duration; transferred energy volumes; average power; achievable revenue; and the share of charging and idle time for AC, DC, and HPC charging infrastructure. The study results show that the performance indicators differed for the classified pricing models. In addition to the quantitative comparison of the performance indicators, a Kruskal–Wallis one-way analysis of variance and a pairwise comparison using the Mann–Whitney-U test were used to show that the data distributions of the defined pricing models were statistically significantly different. The results are discussed from various perspectives on the efficient design of public charging infrastructure. The results show that time-based pricing models can improve the availability of public charging infrastructure, as the connection duration per charging event can be roughly halved compared to other pricing models. Flat-rate pricing models and AC charging infrastructure can support the temporal shift of charging events, such as shifting demand peaks, as charging events usually have several hours of idle time per charging process. By quantifying various performance indicators for different charging technologies and pricing models, the study is relevant for stakeholders involved in the development and operation of public charging infrastructure., language = en, number = 4, urldate = 2024-04-23, journal = World Electric Vehicle Journal, author = Fischer, Markus and Michalk, Wibke and Hardt, Cornelius and Bogenberger, Klaus, month = apr, year = 2024, note = Number: 4 Publisher: Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute, keywords = charging tariffs, electric vehicles, pricing mechanisms, pricing models, pricing of PEV charging, pricing policy, usage behavior of charging infrastructure, pages = 175, file = Full Text PDF:CUsersjach208Zoterostorage7I6ZZP5ZFischer et al. - 2024 - Bill It Right Evaluating Public Charging Station .pdf:application/pdf,</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.import.dataHash">md5:8cf037e4530a7935083f57f9d19cc5fc</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.import.date">2024-04-23T11:17:46+00:00</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.import.file">/tmp/phpVvX65B</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.import.format">bibtex</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.import.id">662798da5eba38.80033551</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.doi.autoCreate">false</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.urn.autoCreate">true</enrichment>
    <author>Markus Fischer</author>
    <author>Wibke Michalk</author>
    <author>Cornelius Hardt</author>
    <author>Klaus Bogenberger</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>charging tariffs</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>electric vehicles</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>pricing mechanisms</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>pricing models</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>pricing of PEV charging</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>pricing policy</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>usage behavior of charging infrastructure</value>
    </subject>
  </doc>
</export-example>
