@article{EhrmannProdingerStuckietal.2018, author = {Ehrmann, C. and Prodinger, Birgit and Stucki, G. and Cai, W. and Zhang, X. and Liu, S. and Liu, S. and Li, J. and Reinhardt, J. D.}, title = {ICF Generic Set as new standard for the system wide assessment of functioning in China: a multicentre prospective study on metric properties and responsiveness applying item response theory}, series = {BMJ Open}, volume = {8}, journal = {BMJ Open}, number = {12}, pages = {e021696}, year = {2018}, abstract = {Objectives: To examine metric properties and responsiveness of the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) Generic Set when used in routine clinical practice to assess functioning. Design: Prospective multicentre study. Setting: 50 hospitals from 20 provinces of Mainland China. Participants: 4510 adult inpatients admitted to the departments of Pulmonology, Cardiology, Neurology, Orthopaedics, Cerebral Surgery or Rehabilitation Medicine. Main outcome measures: The ICF Generic Set (ICF Generic 6 Set) applied with an 11-point numeric rating scale (0-no problem to 10-complete problem) was fit to the Partial Credit Model (PCM) to create an interval score of functioning. Results: PCM assumptions were found to be fulfilled after accounting for Differential Item Functioning. With an average improvement by 7.86 points of the metric ICF Generic 6 score (95\% CI 7.53 to 8.19), the ICF Generic 6 Set proved sensitive to change (Cohen's f2=0.41). Ceiling and floor effects on detecting change in functioning were cancelled or reduced by using the metric score. Conclusion: The ICF Generic 6 Set can be used for the assessment of functioning in routine clinical practice and an interval score can be derived which is sensitive to change.}, language = {en} } @article{LiuReinhardtZhangetal.2019, author = {Liu, S. and Reinhardt, J. D. and Zhang, X. and Ehrmann, C. and Cai, W. and Prodinger, Birgit and Liu, S. and Li, J.}, title = {System-wide Clinical Assessment of Functioning Based on the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health in China: Interrater Reliability, Convergent, Known Group, and Predictive Validity of the ICF Generic-6}, series = {Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation}, volume = {100}, journal = {Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation}, number = {8}, pages = {1450 -- 1457}, year = {2019}, abstract = {Objective To validate the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) Generic-6 in daily routine clinical practice in Mainland China. Specific objectives were to analyze (1) interrater reliability, (2) convergent validity, (3) known group validity, and (4) predictive validity of the ICF Generic-6. Design Multicenter prospective cohort study. Setting Fifty hospitals from 20 provinces of Mainland China. Participants A total of 4510 patients from departments of rehabilitation, orthopedics, neurology, cardiology, pneumology, and cerebral surgery of the participating hospitals with different health conditions were included in this study. Intervention Not applicable. Main Outcome Measures The assessment was undertaken by nurses with ICF Generic-6 in combination with a numeric rating scale. Interrater reliability was evaluated with intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC). Convergent validity was evaluated with Spearman correlation coefficients between ICF Generic-6 and Medical Outcomes Short Form (SF)-12 items. Known group validity was examined by comparing discharge scores between different discharge destinations. Predictive validity was determined by using ICF Generic-6 baseline scores for estimating length of hospital stay with a loglogistic survival model with gamma shared frailty and cost of in-hospital treatment with a mixed effects generalized linear regression model of the gamma family. Results The interrater reliability of items and score of ICF Generic-6 was good with ICCs ranging from 0.67-0.87. ICF Generic-6 items were further correlated with respective SF-12 items. Discharge scores of patients differed significantly by discharge destination. The ICF Generic-6 admission score was a significant predictor of length of stay and treatment cost. Conclusions The ICF Generic-6 administered in combination with a 0-10 numeric rating scale is a reliable and valid tool for the collection of minimal information on functioning across various clinical settings.}, language = {en} } @article{ReinhardtZhangProdingeretal.2016, author = {Reinhardt, J. D. and Zhang, X. and Prodinger, Birgit and Ehrmann-Bostan, C. and Selb, M. and Stucki, G. and Li, J.}, title = {Toward the system-wide implementation of the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health in routine clinical practice: Empirical findigns of a pilot study from Mainland China}, series = {Journal of Rehabilitation Medicine}, volume = {48}, journal = {Journal of Rehabilitation Medicine}, number = {6}, pages = {515 -- 521}, year = {2016}, abstract = {Objective: The aims of this study were to evaluate the feasibility of using the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) Generic Set in routine clinical practice, and of creating a functioning score based on it, and, subsequently, to examine its sensitivity to change. Methods: In this prospective cohort study, data from 761 adult inpatients from 21 Chinese hospitals were analysed. Each patient was assessed at admission and discharge. Feasibility was evaluated by analysing mean assessment time. The Rasch model was used to create a metric of functioning. Sensitivity to change was analysed with mixed-effects regression and by calculating standardized effect size based on Cohen's f2. Results: Mean duration of assessment was 5.3 min, with a significant decrease between admission and discharge. After removal of the item remunerative employment, the remaining ICF Generic Set categories fitted the Rasch model well. With a mean improvement in functioning of 12.1 (95\% confidence interval (95\% CI): 11.5-12.6), this metric proved sensitive to change, both in terms of statistical significance (p < 0.001) and standardized effect size (Cohen's f2 = 2.35). Discussion: The ICF Generic Set is feasible for use in routine clinical practice and is promising to serve as the basis for the development of a functioning score that is sensitive to change.}, language = {en} }