@inproceedings{BouwmanHoogenboomFuhrmannetal.2024, author = {Bouwman, Wim and Hoogenboom, Jacob and Fuhrmann, Tina A. and Gelbord, Todd and Hettich, Christian and Sum, J{\"u}rgen and J{\"o}dicke, Bernd and Kautz, Christian and Neff, Julia L. and Krocker, Georg and Oostinga, Jeroen B. and Ruhe, Tim and D{\"u}ser, David and Schneider, Andreas Karl Peter and Suhonen, Sami and Tiili, Juho and Versen, Martin and Kipfelsberger, Stefan and Wendlandt, Michael}, title = {Proceedings of the 12th International Conference on Physics Teaching in Engineering Education PTEE 2024}, editor = {Sch{\"a}fle, Claudia and Stanzel, Silke and Junker, Elmar and Lux, Christine}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:861-opus4-24648}, pages = {110}, year = {2024}, abstract = {The Proceedings of the 12th PTEE conference 2024 in Rosenheim present 15 articles from a wide range of actual topics in physics teaching - from artificial intelligence, innovative teaching and examination methods, lab experiments, tutorials to thoughts on what would be desirable to know, when you start teaching (activating) physics.}, language = {en} } @misc{KardasNickLueftl2024, author = {Kardas, Leopold and Nick, Carola and L{\"u}ftl, Katharina}, title = {Strategien der Patienten- und Familienedukation zur F{\"o}rderung des selbstbestimmten Lebens daheim. Vortrag beim Bremer Pflegekongress am 16.5.2024}, year = {2024}, language = {de} } @article{NiemannSchanda2024, author = {Niemann, Anne and Schanda, Ulrich}, title = {Einfach Bauen und Schallschutz - ein Konflikt?}, series = {Bauphysik}, volume = {46}, journal = {Bauphysik}, number = {2}, doi = {10.1002/bapi.202400011}, pages = {84 -- 94}, year = {2024}, abstract = {In der Diskussion um bezahlbares Bauen werden aktuell die Standards im Wohnungsbau hinterfragt, darunter auch die Schallschutzanforderungen. Die Wahrnehmung von Schallschutz ist subjektiv und wird von verschiedenen Faktoren wie Alter und individuellen Empfindlichkeiten beeinflusst. Nachbarschaftsl{\"a}rm kann zu Schlafst{\"o}rungen und Bel{\"a}stigungen f{\"u}hren, w{\"a}hrend Verkehrsl{\"a}rm nachweislich Gesundheitsprobleme verursacht. Das Konzept „Einfach Bauen" zielt darauf ab, das Bauen zu vereinfachen und nachhaltiger zu gestalten. Drei Forschungsh{\"a}user, die diesem Konzept folgen, wurden auf Schallschutz {\"u}berpr{\"u}ft. Dabei erf{\"u}llten Wohnungstrennw{\"a}nde und -decken die Anforderungen. Die Untersuchung der Bewohnerzufriedenheit durch Befragungen in diesen H{\"a}usern zeigt, dass die Wahrnehmung von L{\"a}rm stark variiert. Die Zufriedenheit wird durch die Kommunikation mit den Nachbarn beeinflusst. Das Fallbeispiel verdeutlicht, dass Schallschutzanforderungen oft nicht den individuellen L{\"a}rmempfinden gerecht werden, da nicht-akustische Faktoren eine starke Rolle spielen. Die Erwartung eines reduzierten Schallschutzes bei „Einfach Bauen" kann zu Fehlvorstellungen f{\"u}hren, wie der Auszug von Bewohnern aus Schallschutzgr{\"u}nden zeigt. Die derzeitigen Mindestanforderungen an den Schallschutz erweisen sich f{\"u}r sehr empfindsame Menschen als unzureichend. Es ist wichtig, dass die Bewohner {\"u}ber den zu erwartenden Schallschutz informiert werden, um ein harmonisches Zusammenleben zu erm{\"o}glichen.}, language = {de} } @inproceedings{Stanzel2023, author = {Stanzel, Silke}, title = {Analyse studentischer Fehlvorstellungen mittels des Force Concept Inventory - Item Response Curves im internationalen Vergleich}, series = {PhyDid B - Didaktik der Physik - Beitr{\"a}ge zur DPG-Fr{\"u}hjahrstagung 2023, Hannover}, booktitle = {PhyDid B - Didaktik der Physik - Beitr{\"a}ge zur DPG-Fr{\"u}hjahrstagung 2023, Hannover}, number = {1}, pages = {51 -- 57}, year = {2023}, abstract = {Das Force Concept Inventory ist ein international etabliertes Diagnoseinstrument f{\"u}r das Konzeptverst{\"a}ndnis der Newtonschen Mechanik. Wir haben {\"u}ber einen Zeitraum von zehn Jahren von knapp 5000 Studierenden der Ingenieurwissenschaften an der TH Rosenheim zu Studienbeginn Testdaten erhoben. Die Auswertung mittels Item Response Curves erlaubt f{\"u}r jede Frage die Analyse sowohl der richtigen als auch aller falschen Antwortoptionen. Insbesondere lassen sich auf diese Weise Distraktoren identifizieren, die g{\"a}ngige Fehlvorstellungen widerspiegeln. Es zeigt sich, dass die am h{\"a}ufigsten gew{\"a}hlten Distraktoren auf der Annahme beruhen, jeder Bewegung m{\"u}sse eine Kraft in Bewegungsrichtung zu Grunde liegen. Daten von Universit{\"a}ten der USA zeigen ein vergleichbares Ergebnis. Die vorgestellte Analyse dient als Grundlage zur Verbesserung von Lehrsequenzen.}, language = {de} } @misc{Hoepfl2024, author = {H{\"o}pfl, Felix}, title = {Ideenwerkstatt: KI in der Hochschullehre - Persona-Konzept mit bildgebender KI in der Vorlesung}, editor = {H{\"o}pfl, Felix}, doi = {10.13140/RG.2.2.29379.00808}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:861-opus4-23833}, pages = {1 -- 13}, year = {2024}, abstract = {Beitrag zur Ideenwerkstatt Hochschullehre der Virtuellen Hochschule Bayern (VHB) zum Themenkomplex "KI in der Hochschullehre". Gegenstan des Beitrages ist die Verwendung bildgebender KI im unmittelbaren Unterrichtsgeschehen in dem ein Persona-Konzept (Design-Thinking) durch ein KI-generiertes Portr{\"a}t pers{\"o}nlicher und wirksamer wird. Die Veranstaltung fand am 29.02.2024 online im Rahmen des bundesweiten Projekts "Konzertierte Weiterbildungen zu k{\"u}nstlicher Intelligenz in der Hochschullehre" des Netzwerks Landeseinrichtungen f{\"u}r digitale Hochschullehre (NeL) statt und wurde von der Stiftung Innovation in der Hochschullehre gef{\"o}rdert. Das Video kann auch auf Youtube abgerufen werden: https://youtu.be/JCaUWryiEjs}, subject = {KI; Persona; Design-Thinking}, language = {de} } @techreport{vonBlumenthalHeHauptetal.2023, author = {von Blumenthal, Astrid and He, Miaomiao and Haupt, Thomas and Jungwirth, Johannes and Nemeth, Isabell and Stopper, Jochen}, title = {Optimierung der sektor{\"u}bergreifenden, regenerativen Energieversorgung in Quartieren - am Beispiel der Alfons-Bayerer-Straße in Regensburg}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:861-opus4-23649}, year = {2023}, language = {de} } @inproceedings{SchmiedtNeumaier2023, author = {Schmiedt, Anja Bettina and Neumaier, Stefanie}, title = {"Gamification trifft Hybride Lehre" - {\"U}ber ein Lehrprojekt in der mathematischen Statistik}, series = {MINT Symposium 2023 - MINT-Lehre gemeinsam gestalten, Lehre erforschen, Wissen teilen}, booktitle = {MINT Symposium 2023 - MINT-Lehre gemeinsam gestalten, Lehre erforschen, Wissen teilen}, pages = {159 -- 166}, year = {2023}, abstract = {Unter dem Titel „Gamification trifft Hybride Lehre" wurde im Sommersemester 2023 ein Lehrprojekt im Fach Statistik des Studiengangs Wirtschaftsmathematik-Aktuarwissenschaften der Technischen Hochschule Rosenheim durchgef{\"u}hrt. Unterschiedliche hybrid-synchrone Lernsettings wurden in einem technisch entsprechend ausgestatteten Lehr-Experimentierraum mit den Studierenden erprobt. Als Ansatz zur Vor- und Nachbereitung der hybriden Lehre kam Gamification bzw. Gameful Motivation zum Einsatz. Im Lehrprojektteam mit Stefanie Neumaier wurde die hybride Lehre mittels der sog. EMPAMOS-Methode vorbereitet und reflektiert. Dabei ging es nicht darum, den spielfremden Kontext (die hybride Lehre) in ein Spiel zu verwandeln, sondern Spielelemente zur Zielerreichung einzusetzen. Die Auseinandersetzung mit hybriden Formaten wird dabei f{\"u}r Studierende und Lehrende als ein Zukunftsthema gesehen, nicht zuletzt f{\"u}r den Erwerb von Future Skills in einer Arbeitswelt, in der sich hybride Kollaboration etabliert.}, language = {de} } @article{ParzingerHanfstaenglSiggetal.2022, author = {Parzinger, Michael and Hanfstaengl, Lucia and Sigg, Ferdinand and Spindler, Uli and Wellisch, Ulrich and Wirnsberger, Markus}, title = {Comparison of different training data sets from simulation and experimental measurement with artificial users for occupancy detection — Using machine learning methods Random Forest and LASSO}, series = {Building and Environment}, volume = {223}, journal = {Building and Environment}, doi = {10.1016/j.buildenv.2022.109313}, pages = {109313}, year = {2022}, abstract = {The applications for occupancy detection range from controlling building automation and systems, determining heat transfer coefficients and even assessing the risk of infection in rooms. Studies in the literature use various statistical models, physical models and machine learning techniques to detect occupancy. All these methods require data for training the occupancy detection models. However, data generation is time-consuming and expensive. This study demonstrates the feasibility of using simulated learning data. Using three different data sources, we tested the suitability of different methods for generating learning data. We conducted two experiments in two office spaces with a real user and an artificial user, and we generated a third data set using a building simulation model. In addition, this study compares two different machine learning approaches (Random Forest and LASSO) using environmental parameters. Both machine learning approaches could develop models with a sensitivity of at least 83 \% and a specificity of at least 97 \% with both training data sets. This work shows that it is possible to determine the presence in rooms using simulated data. The results compared to measured data were just slightly less accurate, and the added value due to the lower effort was considerable}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{Kellner2022, author = {Kellner, Robert}, title = {Making Effective Videos For (Live) Online Learning Quickly}, series = {Proceedings of the IUPAP International Conference on Physics Education}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the IUPAP International Conference on Physics Education}, address = {Sydney}, isbn = {978-1-74210-532-1}, pages = {109 -- 109}, year = {2022}, abstract = {Abstract for the presentation held at the 2020 International Conference on Physics Edcucation}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{SchelerDaumeSojitraetal.2022, author = {Scheler, M. and Daume, D. and Sojitra, D. and Neumeyer, T. and Steinbach, S. and Beck, T. and Schulze, A. and H{\"u}ttl, B.}, title = {Precise On-Site Power Analysis of Photovoltaic Arrays by Self-Reference Algorithm}, series = {Proceedings of the 8th World Conference on Photovoltaic Energy Conversion}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 8th World Conference on Photovoltaic Energy Conversion}, pages = {4}, year = {2022}, abstract = {To detect degradation of photovoltaic systems at an early stage, precise performance determinations are essential. Current-voltage measurements on single modules in indoor labs under well-defined conditions are state-of-the-art. However, this method causes a logistical and economic effort. On-site measurements reduce the effort but are prone to error because of poorly determinable test conditions: The detected temperature on the backside of modules as well as the irradiance detected by pyranometer in tilted module plane usually differs from the actual operating conditions. In consequence, the accuracy of measured current-voltage characteristics is poor. A precise on-site power determination is achieved by a self-reference algorithm. Improvements by self-referencing are not achieved by correcting the raw electrical data, but by replacing the measured test conditions (temperature and irradiance) with effective data. These effective values correspond better to the actual module irradiance and temperature values. Furthermore, precise power determination of photovoltaic arrays requires to identify and exclude emporarily deformed current-voltage curves from consideration, as it can arise from non-uniform irradiation within array like shading. In this paper, the application of a digital curve filter is reported and performance determinations by a self-reference algorithm are demonstrated on a photovoltaic array. We review and discuss the measurement concept in terms of its ease of use. … }, language = {en} } @unpublished{KimmerleDvorskyLiessetal.2022, author = {Kimmerle, Sven-Joachim and Dvorsky, Karl and Liess, Hans-Dieter and Avenhaus, Rudolf}, title = {Time to Failure under Varying Thermal Stresses}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:861-opus4-19126}, pages = {30}, year = {2022}, abstract = {Varying thermal stresses influence significantly the time to failure of electric components as used, for instance, in automotive devices. For applications as autonomous driving a high reliability has to be guaranteed. In this article we discuss how to combine probability distributions for failure. Discrete and continuous changes of the probability distribution in time are both considered. It turns out that the temporal order of the distributions, corresponding to the succession of stresses in applications, is essential. The latter observation restricts the general applicability of the widely used temperature collectives where only the total time of a temperature stress is considered neglecting the order of the stresses. An application of our results are thermal overstress tests on electric components. We may explain yet not well understood measurements for automotive electric cables.}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{Kellner2022, author = {Kellner, Robert}, title = {Elemente gelungener (Online) Lehrveranstaltungen mit großer Wirkung in der Praxis}, series = {Tagungsband zum Forum der Lehre an der OTH Regensburg, 04. Mai 2022}, booktitle = {Tagungsband zum Forum der Lehre an der OTH Regensburg, 04. Mai 2022}, editor = {Walter, Claudia and Riegler, Peter}, organization = {BayZiel}, issn = {1612-4537}, pages = {61 -- 66}, year = {2022}, abstract = {Neue Erkenntnisse aus der Lehr- und Lernforschung und die M{\"o}glichkeiten der Digitalisierung bringen neue und spannende Anregungen f{\"u}r die Lehre. In den vergangenen Semestern mussten pandemiebedingt pl{\"o}tzlich ganze Lehrveranstaltungen in ein digitales Format {\"u}berf{\"u}hrt werden. Hinzu kamen sowohl technische als auch didaktische Herausforderungen. Solche Ver{\"a}nderungen auf einmal umzusetzen, kostet viel Zeit und Energie und ist h{\"a}ufig nicht m{\"o}glich. Einfacher ist es, in kleinen Schritten eine Lehrveranstaltung zu ver{\"a}ndern und so den Lernerfolg der Studierenden zu steigern. Dies kann mithilfe von wenigen Elementen mit teilweise nur geringem Aufwand erreicht werden. In diesem Beitrag beschreibt der Autor mehrere dieser Elemente, die zum Gelingen einer Lehrveranstaltung beitragen k{\"o}nnen und die er in den vergangenen Semestern in seinen Lehrveranstaltungen zur Physik f{\"u}r Ingenieure erfolgreich umgesetzt hat.}, language = {de} } @article{StanzelKellner2022, author = {Stanzel, Silke and Kellner, Robert}, title = {Vorher lesen statt vorgelesen}, series = {Physik Journal}, volume = {21}, journal = {Physik Journal}, number = {7}, pages = {35 -- 38}, year = {2022}, abstract = {Just-in-Time-Teaching ist eine Lehrmethode, bei der ein Teil des Wissenserwerbs in Vorbereitung einer Lehrveranstaltung vorausgeht. Online-Tests offenbaren hierbei den aktuellen Lernstand und regen die kritische Auseinandersetzung mit Fachthemen und dem eigenen Studierverhalten an. Die Ergebnisse dieser Tests erlauben es, den Unterricht auf die Bed{\"u}rfnisse der Studierenden dynamisch anzupassen und zeitliche Freir{\"a}ume f{\"u}r weitere aktivierende Lehrmethoden zu er{\"o}ffnen.}, language = {de} } @inproceedings{Krause2022, author = {Krause, Harald}, title = {Passivhaus und regenerative Energiequellen als L{\"o}sungsansatz f{\"u}r den klimaneutralen Geb{\"a}udebestand}, series = {Forum Holzbau - Bauphysik und Geb{\"a}udetechnik 2022}, booktitle = {Forum Holzbau - Bauphysik und Geb{\"a}udetechnik 2022}, editor = {Forum Holzbau,}, organization = {Forum Holzbau, Biel, Schweiz}, isbn = {978-3-906226-41-5}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:861-opus4-18799}, pages = {1 -- 13}, year = {2022}, abstract = {Deutschland soll bis 2045 klimaneutrak werden. Dazu ist auch ein klimaneutraler Geb{\"a}udebestand n{\"o}tig. Der Artikel zeigt die Anforderungen an Geb{\"a}ude im Kontext des zuk{\"u}nftigen Energiesystems und beleuchtet die Notwendigkeit einer Reduktion der Heizlasten, um die Kosten f{\"u}r Energiespeicher gering zu halten.}, language = {de} } @techreport{KrauseAimerWirnsbergeretal.2021, author = {Krause, Harald and Aimer, Dominik and Wirnsberger, Markus and Heiler, Sarah and Park, Summe}, title = {Untersuchung kosteng{\"u}nstiger L{\"u}ftungsl{\"o}sungen f{\"u}r den mehrgeschossigen Wohnungsbau hinsichtlich Energieeffizienz, L{\"u}ftungseffektivit{\"a}t und Nutzerkomfort in gekoppelten Labor- und Simulationsumgebungen}, series = {BBSR-Online-Publikation}, journal = {BBSR-Online-Publikation}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:861-opus4-18591}, pages = {165}, year = {2021}, abstract = {Die DIN 1946 Teil 6: L{\"u}ftung von Wohnungen wurde 2019 novelliert. Konnte nach der bisherigen Norm f{\"u}r eine Nutzungseinheit nur eine Art von L{\"u}ftungssystem verwendet werden, ist in der Neuauflage nun auch die Kombination unterschiedlicher L{\"u}ftungssysteme in einer Nutzungseinheit zul{\"a}ssig. Bisher stehen hierf{\"u}r allerding keine Auslegungsgrundlagen zur Verf{\"u}gung. Die einzelnen L{\"u}ftungssysteme k{\"o}nnen nach Norm ausgelegt werden, jedoch werden hierbei nicht die Wechselwirkungen zwischen den Systemen ber{\"u}cksichtigt. Solche Auslegungsgrundlagen wurden im vorliegenden Forschungsprojekt erarbeitet. Da die Effektivit{\"a}t und die Akzeptanz von Wohnungsl{\"u}ftungssystemen von vielen Faktoren abh{\"a}ngig sind, wurden neben den l{\"u}ftungstechnischen Leistungskriterien, wie Luftqualit{\"a}t und L{\"u}ftungsw{\"a}rmeverluste, auch noch weitere Aspekte betrachtet. F{\"u}r die Bewertung der L{\"u}ftungskonzepte wurde sowohl eine Analyse der Gesamtkosten f{\"u}r einen Zeitraum von 30 Jahren als auch eine Bewertung der thermischen Behaglichkeit durchgef{\"u}hrt. In einer Nutzerakzeptanzstudie wurden die Akzeptanz der Nutzer von unterschiedlichen L{\"u}ftungssystem, als auch das allgemein verf{\"u}gbare Wissen {\"u}ber Wohnungsl{\"u}ftung ermittelt. F{\"u}r die Untersuchung der L{\"u}ftungseigenschaften und der Wechselwirkungen der unterschiedlichen L{\"u}ftungssysteme untereinander wurden sowohl ein Multizonen-, als auch ein zonales Simulationsmodell mithilfe von Messergebnissen validiert. Diese Messungen wurden in der Forschungswohnung an der Technischen Hochschule Rosenheim durchgef{\"u}hrt. Mit den Simulationsmodellen wurde mit einer Jahressimulation das Verhalten der L{\"u}ftungssysteme f{\"u}r drei verschiedene Grundrisse ermittelt und mit zuvor festgelegten Kriterien das L{\"u}ftungsverhalten bzgl. Luftqualit{\"a}t und Energieeffizient bewertet. Es konnten so Dimensionierungsempfehlungen f{\"u}r {\"u}berlagerte L{\"u}ftungskonzepte erarbeitet werden. Zus{\"a}tzlich wurden die in Deutschland {\"u}blicherweise verwendeten L{\"u}ftungskonzepte anhand von weiteren Kriterien bewertet.}, language = {de} } @inproceedings{SchaefleGraupnerStanzel2022, author = {Schaefle, Claudia and Graupner, Franziska and Stanzel, Silke}, title = {TOWARDS A THERMAL CONCEPTUAL ASSESSMENT FOR FIRST-YEAR ENGINEERING STUDENTS - TCA-1Y}, series = {Proceedings of the 11th international conference on Physics Teaching in Engineering Education}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 11th international conference on Physics Teaching in Engineering Education}, organization = {SEFI - Soci{\´e}t{\´e} Europ{\´e}enne pour la Formation des Ing{\´e}nieurs}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:861-opus4-18637}, pages = {6}, year = {2022}, abstract = {We report from an ongoing process to develop a thermal conceptual assessment that covers the essential concepts of first-year thermodynamics to be administered to engineering students. The goal is to develop a measurement instrument in order to investigate students' pre-knowledge as well as the influence of teaching and learning settings. The assessment builds on known misconceptions and concept questions described in the literature. The original items have been modified significantly in the current version 3 of the test in order to create single-choice questions with four distracters each that address frequent misconceptions from student answers in a systematic way. The working process to create these distracters is described exemplarily.}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{DaumeSchulzeSchneideretal.2021, author = {Daume, D. and Schulze, A. and Schneider, S. and Neumeyer, T. and Beck, T. and Steinbach, S. and H{\"u}ttl, B.}, title = {Accurate Short-Circuit Current Measurements on Photovoltaic Modules - Challenges for On-site Outdoor Determinations}, series = {Proc. of 38th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition (PVSEC), 4AV.2.6., September 2021, Lissabon}, booktitle = {Proc. of 38th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition (PVSEC), 4AV.2.6., September 2021, Lissabon}, year = {2021}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{SchneiderDaumeNeumeyeretal.2021, author = {Schneider, S. and Daume, D. and Neumeyer, T. and Pflaum, D. and Schulze, A. and H{\"u}ttl, B.}, title = {Charakterisierung von PV-Generatoren bei variabler Bestrahlungsst{\"a}rke und Temperatur - Zwischenbericht zum Projekt PV-FeldLab}, series = {Tagungsband der 4. Regenerativen Energietechnik Konferenz (RET.Con)}, booktitle = {Tagungsband der 4. Regenerativen Energietechnik Konferenz (RET.Con)}, isbn = {978-3-940820-17-4}, pages = {86 -- 95}, year = {2021}, language = {de} } @phdthesis{Schoepfer2019, author = {Sch{\"o}pfer, Fabian}, title = {Vibroacoustics of timber-frame structures excited by structure-borne sound sources}, school = {Technische Hochschule Rosenheim}, year = {2019}, abstract = {This thesis investigates the measurement and prediction of machinery noise in timber-frame buildings. To quantify the structure-borne sound power input from multi-point sources, simplified approaches were assessed that reduce the required data for out-of-plane force excitation. This identified approaches that give estimates within ±5 dB from 20 Hz to 2000 Hz. To investigative the importance of out-of-plane moment excitation, inverse methods were used to determine the power input; these were affected by noise but processing was used to overcome this shortcoming. A series of experimental investigations were carried out on a timber-frame structure undergoing mechanical point excitation. The driving-point mobility showed orthotropic plate characteristics at low frequencies, ribbed-plate characteristics in a narrow frequency band and infinite plate characteristics in mid- and high-frequency ranges. The moment mobility above or in-between studs was similar to infinite beam or plate theory with interpolation between these theories where necessary. The experimental work indicated the potential to use Statistical Energy Analysis (SEA) to predict sound transmission. The first experimental finding was that above the mass-spring-mass resonance frequency, the vibrational response of the wall leaves was uncorrelated. The second was a significant decrease in vibration across the wall from the excitation point, with structural intensity showing a decrease in net power flow across successive timber studs. The third was that tongue and groove connections between chipboard sheets significantly reduce the vibration transmission above 500 Hz. This led to different SEA models being used to model a timber-frame wall undergoing mechanical point excitation. A 41-subsystem model was found to be necessary to reproduce the measured vibration levels on both leaves within 10 dB. As there is a significant decrease in vibration with distance in the mid- and high-frequency range, the region close to the excitation point is particularly important and the SEA model has better accuracy in this region. An alternative engineering approach to the prediction of machinery noise in timber-frame buildings was introduced and validated that used measured transmission functions between the injected power and the spatial-average sound pressure level in a receiving room. A field survey and case studies indicate this is a feasible and practical approach.}, language = {en} } @article{MagniOchsdeVriesetal.2021, author = {Magni, Mara and Ochs, Fabian and de Vries, Samuel and Maccarini, Alessandro and Sigg, Ferdinand}, title = {Detailed cross comparison of building energy simulation tools results using a reference office building as a case study}, series = {Energy and Buildings}, volume = {250}, journal = {Energy and Buildings}, pages = {111260}, year = {2021}, abstract = {Building Energy Simulation (BES) tools play a key role in the optimization of the building system during the different phases, from pre-design through commissioning to operation. BES tools are increasingly used in research as well as in companies. New BES tools and updated versions are continuously being released. Each tool follows an independent validation process but rarely all the tools are compared against each other using a common case study. In this work, the modelling approaches of widespread dynamic simulation tools (i.e. EnergyPlus, TRNSYS, Simulink libraries CarnotUIBK and ALMABuild, IDA ICE, Modelica/Dymola and DALEC), as well as PHPP (a well-known quasi-steady-state tool), are described and the results of all the tools modelling the same characteristic office cell, defined within the IEA SHC Task 56, are compared on a monthly and hourly basis for the climates of Stockholm, Stuttgart and Rome. Unfortunately, different tools require different levels of input detail, which are often not matching with available data, hence the parametrization process highly influences the quality of the simulation results. In the current study to evaluate the deviation between the tools, frequently used statistical indices and normalization methods are analysed and the problems related to their application, in a cross-comparison of different tools, are investigated. In this regard, the deviation thresholds indicated by ASHRAE Guideline 14-2014 are used as a basis to identify results that suggest an acceptable level of disagreement between the predictions of a particular model and the outcomes of all models. The process of reaching a good agreement between all tools required several iterations and great effort on behalf of the modellers. To aid the definition of building component descriptions and future references for inter-model comparison a short history of the executed steps is presented in this work. Together with the comparison of the results of the tools, their computational cost is evaluated and an overview of the modelling approaches supported by the different tools for this case study is provided aiming to support the users in choosing a fit-for-purpose simulation tool.}, language = {en} } @article{FrescuraLeeSchoepferetal.2021, author = {Frescura, Alessia and Lee, Pyoung Jik and Sch{\"o}pfer, Fabian and Schanda, Ulrich}, title = {Correlations between standardised and real impact sound sources in lightweight wooden structures}, series = {Applied Acoustics}, volume = {173}, journal = {Applied Acoustics}, pages = {107690}, year = {2021}, abstract = {This study aimed to understand the correlation between standard impact sound sources and real impact sources in lightweight floor structures. Six real impact sources (adult walking, child running, child jumping on the floor, and three objects falling) were used to be compared with standard impact sources (i.e. tapping machine and impact ball). Measurements were conducted on a lightweight timber joist floor. Impact sound pressure levels (SPLs) produced by the standard impact sources were measured on the four floor structures with or without carpet tiles. For the real impact sources, two walkers wearing socks and slippers walked at different speeds (normal and fast) along three paths, while two children ran along the three paths and jumped at four positions. Also, the SPLs generated by dropped objects were measured at five positions. Seven standardised single-number quantities (SNQs) were calculated for the tapping machine and the impact ball, while three noise ratings (LAeq, LAFmax, and LN) were also computed from the sound recordings of the real impact sources. Both the tapping machine and the impact ball showed similar frequency characteristics with the real impact sources across all the floor structures. All the SNQs for the tapping machine and the impact ball were highly correlated with the energy-based noise ratings of the adult walking and little differences were found across walking speeds and footwear. Similar tendencies were observed from other real impact sources, indicating the high correlations between the standardised SNQs of the tapping machine and the impact ball and the noise ratings.}, language = {en} } @article{StanzelJunkerGraupner2021, author = {Stanzel, Silke and Junker, Elmar and Graupner, Franziska}, title = {Der H{\"o}rsaal als Labor: aktivierende Lehre auf dem Pr{\"u}fstand}, series = {Die Neue Hochschule}, volume = {2021}, journal = {Die Neue Hochschule}, number = {2}, publisher = {DUZ Verlags- und Medienhaus GmbH}, address = {Berlin}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:861-opus4-17352}, pages = {20 -- 23}, year = {2021}, abstract = {An der TH Rosenheim sind die Lehrenden der Physikgrundlagen f{\"u}r alle technischen Studieng{\"a}nge in einer Fakult{\"a}t beheimatet. Das erleichtert und bef{\"o}rdert den Austausch nicht nur fachlicher Themen sondern auch didaktischer Fragestellungen. Das zunehmend heterogene Vorwissen der Studierenden sowie die Unzufriedenheit mit studentischen Pr{\"u}fungsleistungen und eher passiver Unterrichtsbeteiligung gaben den Ausschlag, die Didaktik in den Blick zu nehmen um die Wirksamkeit der Lehre zu erh{\"o}hen. Das „Scholarship of Teaching and Learning" gibt Auskunft dar{\"u}ber, ob das Ergebnis den Aufwand rechtfertigt. Der FCI-Konzepttest zeigt eindeutig die Wirksamkeit der verwendeten aktivierenden Lehrmethoden JiTT und PI. Die Pr{\"u}fungsergebnisse erweisen sich nicht in gleichem Maße f{\"u}r eine quantitative Analyse als geeignet. Die Auswertung der Daten in Bezug auf Teilnahmeverhalten und Bestehensraten legt den Schluss nahe, dass bei Anwendung studierendenzentrierter und aktivierender Lehrmethoden signifikant mehr Studierende zu einem fr{\"u}heren Zeitpunkt die Klausur erfolgreich ablegen.}, language = {de} } @article{SchaefleLuxFeldmeier2012, author = {Sch{\"a}fle, Claudia and Lux, Christine and Feldmeier, Franz}, title = {Untersuchung des Gesamtenergiedurchlassgrades an geb{\"a}udeintegrierbaren, teiltransparenten Photovoltaik- Modulen bei elektrischer Leistungsentnahme}, series = {Bauphysik}, volume = {34}, journal = {Bauphysik}, number = {4}, pages = {153 -- 165}, year = {2012}, abstract = {Der Gesamtenergiedurchlassgrad (g-Wert) verschiedener teiltransparenter, geb{\"a}udeintegrierbarer Photovoltaik-Module wurde mit und ohne Entnahme elektrischer Leistung kalorimetrisch gemessen. Durch die Leistungsentnahme sinkt die Oberfl{\"a}chentemperatur des Moduls um bis zu 4 K. Gleichzeitig reduziert sich der g-Wert aufgrund der geringeren sekund{\"a}ren W{\"a}rmeabgabe. Die Gr{\"o}ße der Abnahme h{\"a}ngt von der entnommenen Leistung ab und stimmt sehr gut mit einem einfachen, auf dem Energiesatz basierenden Rechenmodell {\"u}berein.}, language = {de} } @article{SchaefleKautz2021, author = {Sch{\"a}fle, Claudia and Kautz, Christian}, title = {Student reasoning in hydrodynamics: Bernoulli's principle versus the continuity equation}, series = {Physical Review Physics Education Research}, volume = {17}, journal = {Physical Review Physics Education Research}, number = {1}, publisher = {American Physical Society}, pages = {010147}, year = {2021}, abstract = {We report on an investigation of student thinking about steady-state pipe flow of an incompressible fluid. About 250 undergraduate engineering students were given a test consisting of two hydrodynamics questions, combining multiple-choice format with subsequent open-ended explanations. There is substantial evidence that students have difficulty applying and prioritizing the two basic principles of mass conservation (expressed in the continuity equation) and energy conservation (i.e., Bernoulli's equation). When faced with questions that involve gravity, dissipative effects ("friction"), or a visible pressure drop, a considerable number of students did not invoke the continuity equation in situations where applying it is a necessary step for arriving at the correct answer. Instead, even after lecture instruction on this topic, many of the first-year students based their answers on ill-supported assumptions about local pressures. Some of them used formal arguments from a simplified Bernoulli equation ("lower pressure means higher velocity"), while others based their answer on intuitive arguments ("higher pressure leads to higher velocity"). We also found reasoning based on analogies to single-particle motion ("flow velocity decreases when flowing upwards or friction is present"). Contrary to other researchers, we did not see any evidence for the hypothesis that students think of water as a compressible fluid. Instead, students' answers often indicate a lack of understanding of the conservation of mass or its implications for incompressible fluids or of the role that this principle plays in the context of fluid flow. In addition, our data indicate that some students have more general difficulties in describing and reasoning about technical situations, such as applying equations containing multiple variables, distinguishing spatial differences in a quantity from its changes with respect to time, or realizing the meaning of idealizations. We also present some evidence that different levels of activation of students during instruction influence the prevalence of these difficulties and discuss some implications for instruction.}, language = {en} } @techreport{GerhardsWeberKlafkaetal.2021, type = {Working Paper}, author = {Gerhards, Christoph and Weber, Urban and Klafka, Peter and Golla, Stefan and Hagedorn, Gregor and Baumann, Franz and Brendel, Heiko and Breyer, Christian and Clausen, Jens and Creutzig, Felix and Daub, Claus-Heinrich and Helgenberger, Sebastian and Hentschel, Karl-Martin and von Hirschhausen, Christian and Jordan, Ulrike and Kemfert, Claudia and Krause, Harald and Linow, Sven and Oei, Pao-Yu and Pehnt, Martin and Pfennig, Andreas and Pr{\"a}ger, Fabian and Quaschning, Volker and Schneider, Jens and Spindler, Uli and Stelzer, Volker and Sterner, Michael and Wagener-Lohse, Georg and Weinsziehr, Theresa}, title = {Klimavertr{\"a}gliche Energieversorgung f{\"u}r Deutschland - 16 Orientierungspunkte}, series = {Diskussionsbeitr{\"a}ge der Scientists for Future}, volume = {7}, journal = {Diskussionsbeitr{\"a}ge der Scientists for Future}, pages = {1 -- 55}, year = {2021}, abstract = {Als fairer Beitrag Deutschlands zur Einhaltung der globalen 1,5-Grad-Grenze werden 16 Orientierungspunkte f{\"u}r eine klimavertr{\"a}gliche Energieversorgung vorgestellt. Es wird davon ausgegangen, dass hierf{\"u}r die deutschen energiebedingten CO2-Emissio­nen in etwa 15 Jahren weitgehend auf Null sinken m{\"u}ssen. Energieeinsparung hilft, den notwendigen Ausbau von regenerativen Erzeugungskapazit{\"a}ten zu verringern. Der Verkehrssektor kann ebenso wie die Bereiche Prozess- und Geb{\"a}udew{\"a}rme hier­zu wesentlich beitragen. Die Kernenergie ist mit großen Risiken belastet und kann nicht hinreichend schnell aufgebaut werden. Biomasse in Form von Energie­pflan­zen zu nutzen, ist ineffizient und steht im Konflikt mit anderen Arten der Land­nut­zung. Importe klimaneutral erzeugter Energietr{\"a}ger in sehr großem Umfang er­for­dern extrem große Investitionen im Ausland. Sie sind eine ungesicherte Option auf die Zukunft. Entscheidend ist daher der ausreichend schnelle Ausbau von Photovoltaik (PV) und Wind­kraft in Deutschland. Sch{\"a}tzungsweise kann der Elektrizit{\"a}tsbedarf im Jahr 2030 z. B. durch den Ausbau auf ca. 350 GW PV und ca. 150 GW Windkraft nahe­zu voll­st{\"a}ndig regenerativ gedeckt werden. Damit ließe sich eine zum großen Teil elek­tri­fizierte Mobilit{\"a}t und W{\"a}rmeversorgung betreiben und ein Teil des ben{\"o}­tig­ten „gr{\"u}­nen" Wasserstoffs in Deutschland bereitstellen. Hierf{\"u}r ist ein j{\"a}hr­licher Zu­bau von durchschnittlich ca. 30 GW PV und ca. 9 GW Windkraft n{\"o}tig. Dies ist ca. sechs- (PV) bzw. dreimal (Wind) so hoch wie bisher vorgesehen und verlangt eine ge­sell­schaft­liche Kraftanstrengung. Ein weiter verz{\"o}gerter Ausbau m{\"u}sste mit noch deut­lich gr{\"o}ßeren gesellschaftlichen Anstrengungen f{\"u}r drastische Energieeinspa­run­gen oder Importe erneuerbarer Energie ausgeglichen werden. Insgesamt k{\"o}nnte dies noch deutlich schwieriger zu realisieren sein, als ein ambitionierter Ausbau. Da der Auf­bau der Kapazit{\"a}ten mehrere Jahre erfordert, ist es m{\"o}glich nachzusteuern, z. B. wenn erkennbar wird, dass sich ein ausreichend großer globaler Markt f{\"u}r Importe ent­wi­ckelt. Bis dahin ist es aus Verantwortung gegen­{\"u}ber der Zukunft und im Sinne des Pariser Vertrages empfehlenswert, die hier genannten Ausbauziele zu verfol­gen. Gr{\"u}ner, also aus erneuerbaren Energien hergestellter Wasserstoff und daraus abge­lei­tete Syntheseprodukte sind f{\"u}r die Dekarbonisierung von Industrieprozessen, den Flug- und Schiffsverkehr sowie f{\"u}r die Absicherung der Energieversorgung bei Dun­kel­flauten n{\"o}tig. Ohne die genannten Ausbauziele f{\"u}r Wind und Solar noch drastisch weiter zu erh{\"o}hen, stehen diese Produkte f{\"u}r Straßenverkehr und W{\"a}rmeversor­gung jedoch nicht in ausreichenden Mengen zur Verf{\"u}gung. Techniken zum Aus­gleich zwischen Elektrizit{\"a}tsangebot und -nachfrage sind verf{\"u}gbar und sollten recht­zeitig auf- bzw. ausgebaut werden. Hierzu geh{\"o}ren: Stromaustausch mit den Nach­barl{\"a}ndern, Flexibilisierung des Verbrauchs und Energiespeicherung. F{\"u}r deren Inte­gration sowie den Ausbau der Netze sollten z{\"u}gig verbesserte rechtliche Rah­men­bedingungen geschaffen werden. Die Kosten eines klimavertr{\"a}glichen Energiesystems sind mittel- bis langfristig nicht h{\"o}­her als im derzeitigen System. Gleichzeitig entstehen Arbeitspl{\"a}tze und Export­chan­cen durch Aufbau, Betrieb und Wartung einer regenerativen Energieversorgung in Deutschland und die energetische Geb{\"a}udesanierung. Die politischen Rahmenbe­din­gungen entscheiden, ob eine klimavertr{\"a}gliche Energieversorgung Deutschlands ge­lingt.}, language = {de} } @inproceedings{HanfstaenglParzingerSpindleretal.2020, author = {Hanfstaengl, Lucia and Parzinger, Michael and Spindler, Uli and Wellisch, Ulrich and Wirnsberger, Markus}, title = {Identifying occupant presence in a room based on machine learning techniques by measuring indoor air conditions}, series = {E3S Web of Conferences, 12th Nordic Symposium on Building Physics (NSB 2020)}, volume = {172}, booktitle = {E3S Web of Conferences, 12th Nordic Symposium on Building Physics (NSB 2020)}, pages = {22005}, year = {2020}, abstract = {Knowing about the presence and number of people in a room can be of interest for precise control of heating, ventilation and air conditioning. To determine the number and presence of occupants cost-effectively, it is of interest to use already existing air condition sensors (temperature, humidity, CO2) of the building automation system. Different approaches and methods for determining presence have attracted attention in recent years. We propose an occupancy detection method based on a method of supervised machine learning. In an experiment, measurement data were recorded in a research apartment with controllable boundary conditions. The presence of people was simulated by artificial injection of water vapour, CO2 and heat dissipation. The variation of the number of artificial users, the duration of presence and the supply air volume flow of the ventilation resulted in a total of 720 combinations. By using artificial users, the boundary conditions were accurately defined, and different presence situations could be measured time-effectively. The data is evaluated with a method of supervised machine learning called random forest. The statistical model can determine precisely the number of people in over 93\% of the cases in a disjoint test sample. The experiments took part in the Rosenheim Technical University of Applied Sciences laboratory.}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{ParzingerWellischHanfstaengletal.2020, author = {Parzinger, Michael and Wellisch, Ulrich and Hanfstaengl, Lucia and Sigg, Ferdinand and Wirnsberger, Markus and Spindler, Uli}, title = {Identifying faults in the building system based on model prediction and residuum analysis}, series = {E3S Web of Conferences, 12th Nordic Symposium on Building Physics (NSB 2020)}, volume = {172}, booktitle = {E3S Web of Conferences, 12th Nordic Symposium on Building Physics (NSB 2020)}, pages = {22001}, year = {2020}, abstract = {The energy efficiency of the building HVAC systems can be improved when faults in the running system are known. To this day, there are no cost-efficient, automatic methods that detect faults of the building HVAC systems to a satisfactory degree. This study induces a new method for fault detection that can replace a graphical, user-subjective evaluation of a building data measured on site with an automatic, data-based approach. This method can be a step towards cost-effective monitoring. For this research, the data from a detailed simulation of a residential case study house was used to compare a faultless operation of a building with a faulty operation. We argue that one can detect faults by analysing the properties of residuals of the prediction to the actual data. A machine learning model and an ARX model predict the building operation, and the method employs various statistical tests such as the Sign Test, the Turning Point Test, the Box-Pierce Test and the Bartels-Rank Test. The results show that the amount of data, the type and density of system faults significantly affect the accuracy of the prediction of faults. It became apparent that the challenge is to find a decision rule for the best combination of statistical tests on residuals to predict a fault.}, language = {en} } @article{ParzingerHanfstaenglSiggetal.2020, author = {Parzinger, Michael and Hanfstaengl, Lucia and Sigg, Ferdinand and Spindler, Uli and Wellisch, Ulrich and Wirnsberger, Markus}, title = {Residual Analysis of Predictive Modelling Data for Automated Fault Detection in Building's Heating, Ventilation and Air Conditioning Systems}, series = {Sustainability}, volume = {12}, journal = {Sustainability}, number = {17}, pages = {6758}, year = {2020}, abstract = {Faults in Heating, Ventilation and Air Conditioning (HVAC) systems affect the energy efficiency of buildings. To date, there rarely exist methods to detect and diagnose faults during the operation of buildings that are both cost-effective and sufficient accurate. This study presents a method that uses artificial intelligence to automate the detection of faults in HVAC systems. The automated fault detection is based on a residual analysis of the predicted total heating power and the actual total heating power using an algorithm that aims to find an optimal decision rule for the determination of faults. The data for this study was provided by a detailed simulation of a residential case study house. A machine learning model and an ARX model predict the building operation. The model for fault detection is trained on a fault-free data set and then tested with a faulty operation. The algorithm for an optimal decision rule uses various statistical tests of residual properties such as the Sign Test, the Turning Point Test, the Box-Pierce Test and the Bartels-Rank Test. The results show that it is possible to predict faults for both known faults and unknown faults. The challenge is to find the optimal algorithm to determine the best decision rules. In the outlook of this study, further methods are presented that aim to solve this challenge.}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{WirnsbergerKuefnerKrause2019, author = {Wirnsberger, Markus and K{\"u}fner, Marcel and Krause, Harald}, title = {Ventilation Efficiency Of Push-Pull Ventilation Systems In Residential Buildings - CFD Simulation And Validation Of The Model With Measurements In A Research Apartment}, series = {Proceedings of the 16th IBPSA Conference Rome, Italy, Sept. 2-4, 2019}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 16th IBPSA Conference Rome, Italy, Sept. 2-4, 2019}, pages = {785 -- 790}, year = {2019}, abstract = {In the project, domestic ventilation concepts with PushPull-Fans were investigated. These ventilation units are characterized by a periodically changing supply and exhaust air operation. To ensure balanced operation, these ventilation units are always used in pairs, with one unit being in the exhaust air mode and the other in supply air mode. Measurements were made in a research apartment. The results were used to validate a CFD simulation model for transient studies. A room-by-room layout with two units in one room and a cross-room ventilation layout with two connected units in two rooms were analysed. The age of air was used as the evaluation parameter. With the room-by-room ventilation layout a lower age of air in the bedroom compared to the cross-room layout was obtained. However, in the room-by-room layout, the air flow through the larger living room with connected corridor was poorer in the rear area. With the cross-room layout, the flow through the rooms was more uniform. With the cross-room layout, the average age of air in the apartment could be slightly reduced compared to the room-by-room layout.}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{AimerWirnsbergerKrause2020, author = {Aimer, Dominik and Wirnsberger, Markus and Krause, Harald}, title = {Simulation von L{\"u}ftungssystemen und Entwurf verschiedener Regler f{\"u}r optimierte Luftqualit{\"a}t und Energieeffizienz}, series = {BauSIM 2020 - 8th Conference of IBPSA Germany and Austria 23-25 September 2020, Graz University of Technology, Austria}, booktitle = {BauSIM 2020 - 8th Conference of IBPSA Germany and Austria 23-25 September 2020, Graz University of Technology, Austria}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:861-opus4-16496}, pages = {152 -- 160}, year = {2020}, abstract = {In dieser Arbeit wurden unterschiedliche Regler f{\"u}r Wohnrauml{\"u}ftungsanlagen untersucht. Als Bewertungsgr{\"o}ßen wurden die L{\"u}ftungsw{\"a}rmeverluste und die kumulierte Grenzwert{\"u}berschreitung f{\"u}r CO2 und relative Luftfeuchte verwendet. Daf{\"u}r wurde in Matlab/Simulink ein Multizonen-Simulationsmodell erstellt. Untersucht wurde ein zentrales, ein dezentrales alternierendes (Pendell{\"u}ftung) sowie ein nichtalternierendes (Einzelrauml{\"u}ftung) L{\"u}ftungssystem. Jedes der L{\"u}ftungssysteme wurde mit konstantem Volumenstrom, einem PI- und einem Fuzzy-Regler (Ausnahme: Pendell{\"u}ftung) simuliert. Gegen{\"u}ber einem L{\"u}ftungssystem mit konstantem Volumenstrom, kann durch Regelung bei mindestens gleicher Luftqualit{\"a}t der L{\"u}ftungsw{\"a}rmeverlust um mindestens ein Drittel reduziert werden.}, language = {de} } @article{LangdonArmsGschwendtnerNeumaier2019, author = {Langdon-Arms, Samuel and Gschwendtner, Michael and Neumaier, Martin}, title = {Rayleigh-Taylor instability in oscillating liquid pistons}, series = {Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part C: Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science}, volume = {233}, journal = {Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part C: Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science}, number = {4}, pages = {1236 -- 1245}, year = {2019}, abstract = {In this study, an experimental apparatus is used to excite four U-tube-shaped liquid pistons connected in series, and to study their behaviour. Some of the gas spaces are heated to induce piston oscillations; in others, gas expansion is utilised to produce a refrigeration effect. It was discovered that the liquid piston surface would become unstable and turbulent at relatively low gas charge pressures (2 bar-3 bar). Cylindrical polyethylene floats were employed at each piston surface in order to reduce the area of the free surface of each piston and allow experiments to be conducted over a wide range of operating conditions. Experiments were carried out using gas charge pressures in the range of 1 bar-6 bar. The resulting liquid piston oscillations were measured and analysed to assess the impact of any developing piston instability. Evidence of a liquid piston acceleration limit, likely resulting from the Rayleigh-Taylor instability phenomenon, is consistently observed during the experiments. The use of submerged polyethylene piston floats is found to increase the surface stability and enable maximum accelerations of 25 ms-2 to 30 ms-2.}, language = {en} } @article{HagedornLoewSeneviratneetal.2019, author = {Hagedorn, Gregor and Loew, Thomas and Seneviratne, Sonia I. and Lucht, Wolfgang and Beck, Marie-Luise and Hesse, Janina and Knutti, Reto and Quaschning, Volker and Schleimer, Jan-Hendrik and Mattauch, Linus and Breyer, Christian and H{\"u}bener, Heike and Kirchengast, Gottfried and Chodura, Alice and Clausen, Jens and Creutzig, Felix and Darbi, Marianne and Daub, Claus-Heinrich and Ekardt, Felix and G{\"o}pel, Maja and Hardt, Judith N. and Hertin, Julia and Hickler, Thomas and K{\"o}hncke, Arnulf and K{\"o}ster, Stephan and Krohmer, Julia and Kromp-Kolb, Helga and Leinfelder, Reinhold and Mederake, Linda and Neuhaus, Michael and Rahmstorf, Stefan and Schmidt, Christine and Schneider, Christoph and Schneider, Gerhard and Seppelt, Ralf and Spindler, Uli and Springmann, Marco and Staab, Katharina and Stocker, Thomas F. and Steininger, Karl and von Hirschhausen, Eckart and Winter, Susanne and Wittau, Martin and Zens, Josef}, title = {The concerns of the young protesters are justified: A statement by Scientists for Future concerning the protests for more climate protection}, series = {GAIA - Ecological Perspectives for Science and Society}, volume = {28}, journal = {GAIA - Ecological Perspectives for Science and Society}, number = {2}, pages = {79 -- 87}, year = {2019}, abstract = {In March 2019, German-speaking scientists and scholars calling themselves Scientists for Future, published a statement in support of the youth protesters in Germany, Austria, and Switzerland (Fridays for Future, Klimastreik/Climate Strike), verifying the scientific evidence that the youth protestors refer to. In this article, they provide the full text of the statement, including the list of supporting facts (in both English and German) as well as an analysis of the results and impacts of the statement. Furthermore, they reflect on the challenges for scientists and scholars who feel a dual responsibility: on the one hand, to remain independent and politically neutral, and, on the other hand, to inform and warn societies of the dangers that lie ahead.}, language = {en} } @article{LangdonArmsGschwendtnerNeumaier2018, author = {Langdon-Arms, Samuel and Gschwendtner, Michael and Neumaier, Martin}, title = {A novel solar-powered liquid piston Stirling refrigerator}, series = {Applied Energy}, volume = {229}, journal = {Applied Energy}, pages = {603 -- 613}, year = {2018}, abstract = {The objective of this research project is to develop a solar-powered refrigerator in the lower capacity range of up to 5 kW of cooling power. With the use of liquid pistons and one of the most efficient thermodynamic cycles known, the Stirling cycle, this product has the potential to outperform rival solar cooling technologies while providing inexpensive, reliable, quiet, environmentally-friendly, and efficient solar cooling for residential use, due to its straightforward manufacturing, simple design and inert working gas. Presented in this paper are the newest results of the theoretical and experimental investigation into deducing the key design parameters and system configuration of the so-called Liquid Piston Stirling Cooler (LPSC), which will help lead to optimal performance. Computer models of the complex unconstrained system have been constructed and validated using the modelling software Sage and shown to replicate system behavior with reasonable accuracy in experiments. The models have been used to predict system improvements and identify limitations imposed by the use of liquid pistons. The results to date provide a unique insight into a relatively little studied area in Stirling cycle research.}, language = {en} } @article{FilippoupolitisHopkinsVoeltletal.2017, author = {Filippoupolitis, M. and Hopkins, C. and V{\"o}ltl, R. and Schanda, Ulrich and Mahn, J. and Krajči, L.}, title = {Structural dynamics of a dowelled-joist timber floor in the low-frequency range modelled using finite element simulation}, series = {Engineering Structures}, volume = {148}, journal = {Engineering Structures}, pages = {602 -- 620}, year = {2017}, abstract = {This paper concerns the development and validation of Finite Element Methods (FEM) to simulate the dynamic response of a dowelled-joist timber floor. This is a solid floor comprised of timber joists connected using timber dowels with individual assemblies connected using inclined metal screws. The focus is on the structural dynamics in the low-frequency range up to 200 Hz which is the relevant range for impact sound insulation and vibration serviceability. Dowel connections between the joists that formed each assembly were modelled using either rigid or spring connectors in the FEM models. The validation against experimental modal analysis showed that both approaches were valid in terms of the eigenfrequencies, Modal Assurance Criterion (MAC) and the spatial-average velocity with point excitation. Whilst the FEM model with spring connectors had a higher number of correlated modes in the MAC analysis, this required removal of many spurious modes before predicting the response. The validated models were used to demonstrate the potential in predicting assessment parameters for vibration serviceability that are contained in EN 1995-1-1 (Eurocode 5). This predictive approach to the evaluation of vibration serviceability has the advantage in that it can be used for non-standard timber floors with non-standard boundary conditions or floor plans.}, language = {en} } @article{KlingshirnMuellerBeutneretal.2020, author = {Klingshirn, Hanna and M{\"u}ller, Martin and Beutner, Katrin and Hirt, Julian and Strobl, Ralf and Grill, Eva and Meyer, Gabriele and Saal, Susanne}, title = {Implementation of a complex intervention to improve participation in older people with joint contractures living in nursing homes: a process evaluation of a cluster-randomised pilot trial}, series = {BMC Geriatrics}, volume = {20}, journal = {BMC Geriatrics}, pages = {270}, year = {2020}, abstract = {Background Joint contractures in frail older people are associated with serious restrictions in participation. We developed the Participation Enabling CAre in Nursing (PECAN) intervention, a complex intervention to enable nurses to promote participation in nursing home residents with joint contractures. The aim of this study was to examine the feasibility of the implementation strategy and to identify enablers and barriers for a successful implementation. Methods The implementation of PECAN was investigated in a 6-month pilot cluster-randomised controlled trial (c-RCT). As a key component of the implementation strategy, nominated nurses were trained as facilitators in a one-day workshop and supported by peer-mentoring (visit, telephone counselling). A mixed-methods approach was conducted in conjunction with the pilot trial and guided by a framework for process evaluations of c-RCTs. Data were collected using standardised questionnaires (nursing staff), documentation forms, problem-centred qualitative interviews (facilitators, therapists, social workers, relatives, peer-mentors), and a group discussion (facilitators). A set of predefined criteria on the nursing home level was examined. Quantitative data were analysed using descriptive statistics. Qualitative data were analysed using directed content analysis. Results Seven nursing homes (n = 4 intervention groups, n = 3 control groups) in two regions of Germany took part in the study. Facilitators responded well to the qualification measures (workshop participation: 14/14; workshop rating: "good"; peer-mentor visit participation: 10/14). The usage of peer-mentoring via telephone varied (one to seven contacts per nursing home). Our implementation strategy was not successful in connection with supplying the intervention to all the nurses. The clear commitment of the entire nursing home and the respect for the expertise of different healthcare professionals were emphasised as enablers, whereas a lack of impact on organisational conditions and routines and a lack of time and staff competence were mentioned as barriers. Conclusion The PECAN intervention was delivered as planned to the facilitators but was unable to produce comprehensive changes in the nursing homes and subsequently for the residents. Strategies to systematically include the management and the nursing team from the beginning are needed to support the facilitators during implementation in the main trial. Trial registration German clinical trials register, DRKS00010037. Registered 12 February 2016.}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{HuettlWachterGottschalketal.2016, author = {H{\"u}ttl, B. and Wachter, M. and Gottschalk, L. and Schulze, Achim and Becker, F.}, title = {Self Reference Algorithm for Precise Outdoor Characterization of PV Modules}, series = {PV-Days Halle 2016}, booktitle = {PV-Days Halle 2016}, publisher = {PV-Days Halle 2016}, address = {Halle}, year = {2016}, abstract = {Outdoor or just on site analyzes of photovoltaic modules can offer some advantages in comparison to indoor Lab stud-ies. In this way the electrical performance is monitored and logged under natural operating conditions in full range of irradiation and temperature. The entirety of monitored IV data allows deriving low-light characteristics of electric parameters, temperature coefficients and root cause analysis for possible degradation. We apply so-called self-reference algorithm in order to increase the accuracy of analysis. The improved precision is due to application of effective acting irradiation and effective temperature instead of externally measured data. Effective irradiation is determined in self-referencing scheme: the short circuit current of the module is assigned to the irradiation.}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{SchneiderHuettlGerstenbergetal.2019, author = {Schneider, S. and H{\"u}ttl, B. and Gerstenberg, L. and Wesselak, V. and Voswinckel, S. and Schulze, Achim}, title = {PV-FeldLab -Feldlabor f{\"u}r Vorort-Leistungsbestimmungen und Alterungsidentifikation von Photovoltaikgeneratoren}, series = {2. Regenerative Energietechnik Konferenz in Nordhausen}, booktitle = {2. Regenerative Energietechnik Konferenz in Nordhausen}, publisher = {RET.com 2019}, address = {Nordhausen}, year = {2019}, abstract = {Ziel des Projektes ist es, ein Verfahren f{\"u}r elektrische Vorort-Leistungsanalysen von Photovoltaik (PV)-Anlagen zu entwickeln. Dazu werden die elektrischen Parameter von PV-Strings lokal und global mit Hilfe eines neuen Feldlaboransatzes mit Indoor-Laborgenauigkeit vermessen. Das neue Messverfahren ist normgerecht und wird helfen, die Standardisierung von Feldmessungen weiterzuentwickeln. Im Projekt werden bekannte Messmethoden der Photovoltaik, (IR-Thermografie, I-U-String-Messung, digitale Datenverarbeitung mittels Selbstreferenzierung) zu einem innovativen Gesamtkonzept synthetisch zusammengef{\"u}hrt. Die Entwicklung des Messverfahrens wird an speziell gealterten PV-Anlagen marktbestimmender Technologien (c-Si-, CdTe-, CIGS-Muster-PV-Anlagen) vorangetrieben. So wird das Verfahren auf Erkennung spezifischer Degradationsszenarien und marginaler quantitativer Parameterver{\"a}nderungen trainiert und gesch{\"a}rft}, language = {de} } @article{HuettlGottschalkSchneideretal.2019, author = {H{\"u}ttl, Bernd and Gottschalk, L. and Schneider, S. and Pflaum, D. and Schulze, Achim}, title = {Accurate Performance Rating of Photovoltaic Modules under Outdoor Test Conditions}, series = {Solar Energy}, volume = {2019}, journal = {Solar Energy}, number = {177}, pages = {737 -- 745}, year = {2019}, abstract = {Outdoor performance analyses of photovoltaic modules can be advantageous compared to indoor investigations, as they take into account the influences of natural test conditions on the modules. However, such outdoor performance assessments usually suffer from poor accuracies due to undefined test conditions for the modules. This paper reports on a comprehensive concept for improved outdoor analysis which results in performance data with indoor laboratory precision. The approach delivers current-voltage characteristics for even more test conditions than required by the standard IEC 61853-1. Hence, curves of modules' electrical parameters above irradiance can be deduced for any temperatures. The concept allows precise determination of temperature coefficients for user-defined irradiances taking into account outdoor effects like light-soaking or light-induced degradation. The calibration and measurement uncertainty of the presented outdoor analysis method is evaluated quantitatively. For the measurements an advanced outdoor set-up was used.}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{SchneiderHuettlPflaumetal.2020, author = {Schneider, S. and H{\"u}ttl, B. and Pflaum, D. and Schnell, V. and Schulze, Achim}, title = {Freifeldcharakterisierung von PV-Anlagen im Rahmen des Projektes PV- FeldLab -ein Statusbericht-}, series = {3. Regenerative Energietechnik Konferenz in Nordhausen}, booktitle = {3. Regenerative Energietechnik Konferenz in Nordhausen}, publisher = {RET.con 2020}, address = {Nordhausen}, year = {2020}, abstract = {Das Projekt PV-FeldLab verfolgt das Ziel, ein umfassendes Konzept f{\"u}r eine messtechnisch sehr pr{\"a}zise elektrische Freifeld-Charakterisierung von PV-Generatoren zu entwickeln. Es beinhaltet eine optische Untersuchung mittels drohnengest{\"u}tzter Thermografie und eine genaue elektrische Charakterisierung von PV-Anlagen im Freifeld, auch bei r{\"a}umlicher Inhomogenit{\"a}t von Bestrahlungsst{\"a}rke, Temperatur und bei variablen Aufbauwinkeln von Modulen im Strang. Die Verkn{\"u}pfung der elektrischen und optischen Messdaten erlaubt eine effiziente Untersuchung von PV-Anlagen und erm{\"o}glicht eine Pr{\"a}zisierung von Ertragsanalysen. Dieser Bericht beschreibt den ersten Projektabschnitt, in welchem der Fokus vor allem auf der Initialisierung der messtechnischen Komponenten, sowie ersten Messungen und Analysen liegt.}, language = {de} } @article{SchulzeKoentoppTaubitz2020, author = {Schulze, Achim and Koentopp, M. B. and Taubitz, C.}, title = {A drift and diffusion model for PID-s in solar modules}, series = {IEEE Journal of Photovoltaics}, volume = {2020}, journal = {IEEE Journal of Photovoltaics}, publisher = {IEEE}, address = {USA}, pages = {6}, year = {2020}, abstract = {A quantitative physical model for potential induced degradation of the shunting type (PID-s) in solar modules is introduced. Based on a drift and diffusion approach for sodium ions and atoms, it gives insight into the kinetics of degradation and the corresponding regeneration. A simple drift/source term is used to describe the time-dependent flux of Na-ions towards stacking faults at the surface of the solar cell. The assumed transport mechanism for Na+ ions through the SiN-layer uses the modified Stern-Eyring rate theory but our approach can also be adapted to other mechanisms. Several PID-s and regeneration curves of one-cell solar modules at T = 49°C and T = 90°C with 1000V potential difference between modul frame and cell were measured and least-square fits of the in-situ measured parallel resistance Rsh to the model were performed giving very good accordance. Based on a few measurements, the model can predict PID-s and regeneration characteristics of solar modules under different conditions.}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{KrauseWirnsbergerStrobl2019, author = {Krause, Harald and Wirnsberger, Markus and Strobl, Thomas}, title = {Einfache L{\"u}ftungssysteme f{\"u}r den Wohnungsbau - Untersuchungen in der roteg Forschungswohnung}, series = {Konferenzband 10. HolzBauSpezial Bauphysik \& Geb{\"a}udetechnik 2019}, booktitle = {Konferenzband 10. HolzBauSpezial Bauphysik \& Geb{\"a}udetechnik 2019}, organization = {forum Holzbau}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:861-opus4-13128}, pages = {1 -- 8}, year = {2019}, abstract = {Effiziente L{\"u}ftungssysteme zur Sicherstellung guter Luftqualit{\"a}t sind f{\"u}r energieeffiziente Geb{\"a}ude essentiell. Ein Hemmnis f{\"u}r den Einsatz stellen insbesondere in der Sanierung die nach wie vor hohen Kosten dar. In mehreren Projekten [Schiantarelli 2015] [Sibille et al. 2013] wurde bisher versucht, vereinfachte Systeme zu entwickeln [Sibille, Pfluger 2016] [Huber 2013]. In diesem Forschungsprojekt wurde die Idee einer technisch einfachen und m{\"o}glichst kanalfreien Bel{\"u}ftungsm{\"o}glichkeit mithilfe von aktiven {\"U}berstr{\"o}mern untersucht. Dabei wird die Zuluft nur zentral in der Mischzone der Wohnung (Flur, offenes Wohnzimmer) eingebracht. Die Abluft wird konventionell erfasst. Dadurch kann auf ein Zuluftkanalnetz verzichtet werden. Der aktive {\"U}berstr{\"o}mer ist dabei in die Zwischenwand bzw. im T{\"u}rsturz des Anforderungsraumes (z.B. Schlafzimmer) eingebaut. Er besteht aus einem Axiall{\"u}fter mit einem Durchmesser von 120 mm, der (bei geschlossener T{\"u}r) die Luft aus der Mischzone in das angrenzende Schlafzimmer f{\"o}rdert.}, language = {de} } @inproceedings{Krause2018, author = {Krause, Harald}, title = {Die neue Fassung der DIN 1946 Teil 6}, series = {Tagungsband Rosenheimer Fenstertage 2018}, booktitle = {Tagungsband Rosenheimer Fenstertage 2018}, publisher = {ift Rosenheim}, address = {Rosenheim}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:861-opus4-13112}, pages = {1 -- 4}, year = {2018}, abstract = {Der L{\"u}ftung von Wohnr{\"a}umen und damit der Versorgung von Menschen mit guter Luftqualit{\"a}t wird immer noch eine relative geringe Bedeutung beigemessen. Das ist umso bemerkenswerter als wir einen Großteil unserer Lebenszeit in geschlossenen R{\"a}umen verbringen. Die g{\"u}ltige DIN 1946 Teil 6 regelt zum einen den nutzerun¬abh{\"a}ngigen Luftwechsel zum Feuchteschutz und legt zum andere Planungsvorgaben f{\"u}r einen hygienischen Luftwechsel fest. Die wesentliche Neuerung in dieser Norm aus dem Jahre 2009 war die verpflichtende Sicherstellung des Luftwechsels zum Feuchteschutz ohne Nutzereingriff f{\"u}r jeden Neubau und bei l{\"u}ftungs¬technisch relevanten Sanierungen. Das Geb{\"a}ude oder die Wohnung muss diesen Mindestluftwechsel von selbst sicherstellen. Reicht dazu der Infiltrationsluftwechsel durch Leckagen nicht aus, sind geeignete l{\"u}ftungstech¬nische Maßnahmen zu planen und umzusetzen. Somit wurde f{\"u}r Wohnungen die Erstellung eines L{\"u}ftungskonzeptes n{\"o}tig. In der {\"u}berarbeiteten Norm wurde dieses Grund¬prinzip beibehalten. Einige der wesentlichen {\"A}nderungen sind: • Neue Berechnung der Infiltration und der Luft¬volumenstr{\"o}me zur Ermittlung der Notwen¬digkeit einer l{\"u}ftungstechnischen Maßnahme. • Bei der Berechnung der Volumenstr{\"o}me werden typische Belegungsdichten der Nut-zungseinheiten ber{\"u}cksichtigt. • Neuaufnahme und definierte Beschreibung von kombinierten L{\"u}ftungssystemen, z.B. Kombinationen aus freier und ventilatorge-st{\"u}tzter Systeme. {\"U}ber die Auswirkungen der neuen Berechnungs¬ans{\"a}tze insbesondere auf die Fensterl{\"u}ftung berichtet der Vortrag.}, language = {de} } @inproceedings{SchaefleKautz2019, author = {Sch{\"a}fle, Claudia and Kautz, Christian}, title = {Students reasoning in fluid dynamics: bernoulli's principle vs. the continuity equation}, series = {Proceedings of the 10th international conference on Physics Teaching in Engineering Education}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 10th international conference on Physics Teaching in Engineering Education}, editor = {Lock, Arjan}, organization = {SEFI - Soci{\´e}t{\´e} Europ{\´e}enne pour la Formation des Ing{\´e}nieurs}, isbn = {978-90-9031874-5}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:861-opus4-13104}, pages = {1 -- 8}, year = {2019}, abstract = {In this work we investigate students' thinking about and difficulties with incompressible, steady pipe flow. There is substantial evidence that students have difficulty applying and prioritizing the two basic principles of mass conservation (i.e., the continuity equation) and energy conservation (i.e., Bernoulli's equation). When distracted by questions which involve gravity students based their answers on ill-supported assumptions about local pressures. The predominant arguments use a simplified Bernoulli equation, descriptive arguments or analogies to single-particle motion. Based on these results, an instructional intervention is developed that seems to address the observed difficulties.}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{StanzelSchaefleJunker2019, author = {Stanzel, Silke and Sch{\"a}fle, Claudia and Junker, Elmar}, title = {Impact of Interactive Teaching Methods on Heterogeneity}, series = {Proceedings of the 10th international conference on Physics Teaching in Engineering Education}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 10th international conference on Physics Teaching in Engineering Education}, editor = {Lock, Arjan}, organization = {SEFI - Soci{\´e}t{\´e} Europ{\´e}enne pour la Formation des Ing{\´e}nieurs}, isbn = {978-90-9031874-5}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:861-opus4-13096}, pages = {1 -- 6}, year = {2019}, abstract = {We describe an investigation of the heterogeneity in conceptual understanding of first-year engineering students by using the force concept inventory (FCI) as a diagnostic tool. The average FCI pre- and posttest results depend significantly on the type of school graduation. Even interactive teaching methods that have proven to be more effective in learning outcome cannot dissolve this heterogeneity within the first year of university study.}, language = {en} } @incollection{Lueftl2019, author = {L{\"u}ftl, Katharina}, title = {Welchen Beitrag k{\"o}nnen die Lernorte der Pflegebildung zur Weiterentwicklung der Praxisbegleitung leisten?}, series = {Praxisbegleitung. Perspektiven f{\"u}r die berufliche und akademische Pflegebildung}, booktitle = {Praxisbegleitung. Perspektiven f{\"u}r die berufliche und akademische Pflegebildung}, publisher = {Springer Verlag}, address = {Berlin}, publisher = {Technische Hochschule Rosenheim}, pages = {144 -- 156}, year = {2019}, language = {de} } @misc{Spindler1990, author = {Spindler, Uli}, title = {Diplomarbeit: Betrieb einer Kompressionsk{\"a}ltemaschine mit integriertem Absorptionskreis}, editor = {Physik-Department TU M{\"u}nchen,}, year = {1990}, language = {de} } @article{HeSpindlerJungetal.1992, author = {He, Xiaoming and Spindler, Uli and Jung, Dieter and Radermacher, Reinhard}, title = {Investigation of R-22/R-142b Mixture as a Substitute for R-12 in Single-Evaporator Domestic Refrigerators}, series = {ASHRAE Transactions}, journal = {ASHRAE Transactions}, number = {Vol. 98}, year = {1992}, language = {en} } @article{KimSpindlerJungetal.1993, author = {Kim, K. and Spindler, Uli and Jung, Dieter and Radermacher, Reinhard}, title = {R22/R152a Mixtures and Cyclopropane (RC270) as Substitutes for R12 in Single-Evaporator Refrigerators: Simulation and Experiments}, series = {ASHRAE Trans}, journal = {ASHRAE Trans}, number = {Vol. 99}, year = {1993}, language = {en} } @article{ZieglerSpindler1993, author = {Ziegler, Felix and Spindler, Uli}, title = {An ammonia refrigerator with an absorption circuit as economizer}, series = {International Journal of Refrigeration}, journal = {International Journal of Refrigeration}, number = {7/93}, pages = {230 -- 239}, year = {1993}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{SpindlerZieglerAlefeld1994, author = {Spindler, Uli and Ziegler, Felix and Alefeld, G{\"o}tz}, title = {W{\"a}rme-K{\"a}lte-Kopplung mit einer Kompressions-Absorptions-W{\"a}rmepumpe: Betriebserfahrungen und Einsatzm{\"o}glichkeiten}, series = {Tagungsbericht der Deutschen K{\"a}lte-Klima-Tagung 1994, Bonn, 16.-18. November 1994}, booktitle = {Tagungsbericht der Deutschen K{\"a}lte-Klima-Tagung 1994, Bonn, 16.-18. November 1994}, year = {1994}, language = {de} }