@inproceedings{BinningerKortuemScholz2023, author = {Binninger, Karsten and Kort{\"u}m, Christian and Scholz, Frieder}, title = {Investigation of tool wear of the trimming unit and resulting quality in the edgebanding process}, series = {Proceedings of the 25th International Wood Machining Seminar}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 25th International Wood Machining Seminar}, editor = {Schajer, Gary}, pages = {9}, year = {2023}, abstract = {The edgebanding process, i.e. the covering of the raw edge of the laminated particleboard by means of decorative plastic or real wood veneer bands, is an important process step in the manufacture of furniture components. The quality of the final product is significantly influenced by this production step. The manufacturing process step within the edgebanding machine begins with the milling of the raw edge. The quality of the edgebanding process is determined by a large number of process input variables, such as the tool used and the cutting geometry, the type of laminate used for the wood-based material, adhesives, etc. The quality of the edgebanding process is also determined by the type of material processed. Particularly with regard to the materials, the increased use of recycled wood in the particleboard sector and different types of adhesives (with reduced formaldehyde emissions) results in increased demands on the milling process. Due to this developments, most of the earlier investigations (in the years 1990 - 2000) are not comparable with today's general conditions. The mechanical and optical properties of the edge applied to the end product are decisively influenced by the quality of this joint. The milling technology used, as well as the tool used for this purpose and its condition, is a decisive influencing factor in the formation of quality. Tests on the indication of various influencing variables in the edgebanding process at the Rosenheim Technical University of Applied Sciences showed that in the case of chipboard milling, a decrease in the electrical power required for the cutting process can take place with increasing tool wear. It was also demonstrated that previous process steps in furniture production, such as panel dividing by means of sawing or milling/nesting, generally have a significantly different influence on the subsequent joining process during edge banding process. Furthermore, a direct correlation was determined between the mechanical properties of the end product and the condition of the tool used, which can be used as a measurable indicator. In addition to the effect of the tool condition on the mechanical properties of the edge banding, this also has an impact on the optical quality characteristics. Accordingly, it could be demonstrated here that an increase in the size and number of chippings takes place in the laminate of the board material to be processed.}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{KortuemRiegel2019, author = {Kort{\"u}m, Christian and Riegel, Adrian}, title = {Geometric Dimensioning and Tolerancing of Furniture Components}, series = {Proceedings of the 24th International Wood Machining Seminar}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 24th International Wood Machining Seminar}, pages = {11}, year = {2019}, abstract = {The machining of furniture components requires a complete geometrical specification of dimensions with associated tolerances to define in the first step appropriate manufacturing processes and to carry out the design and setup. Furthermore, a verification of the defined specification after production is a next step to check the quality and related to the production equipment, to calculate process capability and effectiveness. In 2011, the system of Geometrical Product Specification (GPS) has been published completely. The system is built for a distinct range of geometrical quality characteristics and consists of chains of standards referring to each other. With three elements of these chains, the product can be specified. With three additional elements, the verification of the product and the measuring system is possible. It does not contain the verification of the production processes, the process qualification. The German standard DIN 68100 provides a frame for dimensioning and tolerancing lengths and also angles, parallelism and straightness for furniture components. It includes a method to consider swelling and shrinking of wood and wood-based materials. Apart from its benefit of specifying products in a supply chain, it is rarely used in the branch nowadays. DIN 68100 is currently far away from GPS. To gain all benefits arising from GPS the branch needs a consolidated action. New symbols for drafts and an updated method for tolerancing with moisture consideration have to be developed as well as measuring dimensions of flexible work pieces, like most parts in the furniture industry. In GPS, the link between product verification and process specification is not that consistent. In other branches SPC and methods of process qualifications are established. At the moment the kitchen industry is establishing SPC or similar procedures. An action towards GPS can also accompany these efforts. Due to a shift in the tolerance principles, the GPS system is hardly directly applicable to the furniture industry, e.g. DIN 68100. But there is a real threat that the system is called up accidentally and out of ignorance. This paper sketches a comprehensive system of product specification, verification for furniture components and process qualification. It will share experience gained in the kitchen furniture industry and will add a theoretical analysis of a possible application of GPS-chains for important examples of quality characteristics. The activities are part of a process (VDI 3415-2) carried out in the working group 102 of the Society of German Engineers (VDI).}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{BoehmKortuem2023, author = {B{\"o}hm, Stefan-Andreas and Kort{\"u}m, Christian}, title = {Machining Feature Recognition in Furniture Parts based on a Graph Neural Network}, series = {Proceedings of the 25th International Wood Machining Seminar}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 25th International Wood Machining Seminar}, editor = {Schajer, Gary}, pages = {8}, year = {2023}, abstract = {Due to the increasing customer demands, companies face the challenge of adapting their manufacturing facilities to produce batch size one parts. In this context, each component comes with specific customer requirements, significantly increasing the complexity of its manufacturing process. Traditional process planning done by employees is no longer feasible in the face of the growing complexity and diversity of batch size one parts. Therefore, there is a need for novel computer-aided process planning methods capable of autonomously learning and identifying the necessary machining features of these parts. We propose a configurable automated feature recognition framework tailored to batch size one parts to address this need. This framework comprises two main components. First, a customizable data generator is developed to create a dataset of computer-aided design models incorporating user-specific machining features. Second, a graph neural network is employed to learn these user-specific machining features by leveraging the graph structure represented by the vertices and edges in each computer-aided design model. We evaluate the effectiveness of our framework using a real-world example from the furniture industry. Specifically, we construct a dataset comprising over 7000 computer-aided design models of wooden boards using our framework's data generator. Each wooden board contains up to 30 randomly placed machining features for the application of connectors and fittings, randomly selected from 14 standard machining features commonly used in the furniture industry. An optimization algorithm adapts a graph neural network for classifying these specific machining features. The results demonstrate that our framework addresses the automated feature recognition problem without requiring data conversions, such as pixels or voxels, as other approaches often do. By introducing this configurable automated feature recognition framework, we solve the challenges posed by batch size one manufacturing. The framework's effectiveness and accuracy are demonstrated through extensive testing on the example of the furniture industry, showcasing its potential for enhancing manufacturing processes in various domains}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{KortuemBoehm2023, author = {Kort{\"u}m, Christian and B{\"o}hm, Stefan-Andreas}, title = {Holistic approach for geometric and technological similarity search in the production for profiled elements in the wood working industry for a more efficient production}, series = {Proceedings of the 25th International Wood Machining Seminar}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 25th International Wood Machining Seminar}, editor = {Schajer, Gary}, pages = {9}, year = {2023}, abstract = {In the whole field of woodworking, from carpentry to industry, new products are created and designed every day and manufacturers wonder if similar workpieces have already been produced in the company and if corresponding drawings, information, tools, jigs, etc. can be reused. Under certain circumstances, considerable duplication of work can be avoided and a more efficient production is possible. In order to find similar workpieces, it must be clarified what exactly is meant by similarity. The different fields of knowledge do not provide a clear definition. However, similarities are always used to compare objects. In woodworking, objects can be a wide variety of components and products, such as carcase sides, furniture fronts, fittings, tools or profile strips. The search for similar profiled elements - related to the potential, data structure and algorithms - is the focus of this paper. There is a wide range of different profiled elements, which are used constructively as well as decoratively, e.g. for baseboards, door frames, window frames or decorative moulding profiles. These profiles are manufactured in a multi-stage production process in which the workpieces are first machined with profiled tools before surface finishing takes place. Along this production chain, tools, machine settings and, in some cases, fixtures are used that are adapted to the respective profile and can be reused for the same or similar jobs. Inheritance of information offers the greatest potential of similarity search. Inheritance means that existing knowledge in the form of drawings, CNC programs, process parameters and setup specifications, etc., is transferred from existing profiles to a new profile. By inheriting existing information, for example, the effort required for process setting can be reduced by adopting spindle positions, positions of guides and stops, or feed and cutting speeds. However, this can only be done if the process knowledge and other technological information concerning a profile are sufficiently documented. This is the only way how all information is made available for the similarity search and inheritance, and also for setting the processes when the profile is manufactured once again. The profile data must therefore be stored in a meaningful structure without loss of information. Therefore, a holistic product data model was developed that combines the geometrical with the technological profile data. The developed model allows a combined search for geometrically and e.g. materially similar products - also with a weighted evaluation of the individual criteria. The research has shown that data modelling is the essential foundation for the implementation of modern AI algorithms to enable similarity search. In conclusion, the use of a search system for geometrically and technologically similar profiles represents a real innovation for wood processing companies. This paper presents a holistic approach for geometrical and technological similarity search presenting different algorithms}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{HeindlBleySchuetz2022, author = {Heindl, Johanna and Bley, Sandra and Sch{\"u}tz, Markus}, title = {Freie fachspezifische digitale Lernmedien f{\"u}r die Bau- /Holztechnik (OER) - Studierende konzeptionieren, produzieren und teilen Gamifications und Erkl{\"a}rvideos.}, series = {7. Technikdidaktik-Symposium des Journals of Technical Education}, booktitle = {7. Technikdidaktik-Symposium des Journals of Technical Education}, year = {2022}, language = {de} } @incollection{RittervonMarxKreuzerWeberetal.2020, author = {Ritter von Marx, Susanne and Kreuzer, Christine and Weber, Susanne and Bley, Sandra}, title = {Nachhaltige Gestaltungskompetenz im Einzelhandel - ein konnektivit{\"a}tsorientierter Ansatz zur Spezifikation eines Kompetenzmodells}, series = {Konnektivit{\"a}t und lernortintegrierte Kompetenzentwicklung in der beruflichen Bildung. Zeitschrift f{\"u}r Berufs- und Wirtschaftsp{\"a}dagogik}, volume = {Beiheft 29}, booktitle = {Konnektivit{\"a}t und lernortintegrierte Kompetenzentwicklung in der beruflichen Bildung. Zeitschrift f{\"u}r Berufs- und Wirtschaftsp{\"a}dagogik}, editor = {Aprea, Carmela and Sappa, Viviana and Tenberg, Ralf}, publisher = {Franz Steiner Verlag}, address = {Stuttgart}, publisher = {Technische Hochschule Rosenheim}, pages = {83 -- 112}, year = {2020}, language = {de} } @incollection{WeberDraxlerAchtenhagenetal.2021, author = {Weber, Susanne and Draxler, Clemens and Achtenhagen, Frank and Bley, Sandra and Wiethe-K{\"o}rprich, Michaela and Kreuzer, Christine and Can, G{\"u}rer}, title = {Chapter 13 Measuring Apprentices' Intrapreneurship Competence in Vocational Education and Training (VET): An Interdisciplinary Model-Based Assessment}, series = {Good Teachers for Tomorrow's Schools}, booktitle = {Good Teachers for Tomorrow's Schools}, publisher = {Brill}, address = {Leiden}, doi = {10.1163/9789004465008_014}, publisher = {Technische Hochschule Rosenheim}, pages = {257 -- 279}, year = {2021}, abstract = {Teachers should be able to balance content knowledge, pedagogical knowledge and technological knowledge (TPACK) in their various activities on curriculum, instruction, and assessment. Our Germany-wide study focused on measuring intrapreneurship competence. To ensure a valid and reliable assessment, we followed the three-step assessment triangle: cognition, observation and interpretation. We modeled the intended IP competence as an interdisciplinary and interprofessional team, designed a technology-based performance assessment tool that uses authentic work tasks, and analyzed apprentices' behavior via a model-based IRT (Rasch model) approach. Our results identify the distribution of the IP competence of apprentices on four proficiency levels. Since these results are generalizable, single IP tasks can be used by teachers to support and guide apprentices individually with regard to these proficiency levels. Our approach is a blueprint for evidence-based teaching that tackles all areas of TPACK.}, language = {en} } @incollection{KreuzerOffSusanneetal.2021, author = {Kreuzer, Christine and Off, Mona and Susanne, Weber and Bley, Sandra}, title = {„What a Feeling" - Emotionale Ansprache von Auszubildenden zur F{\"o}rderung nachhaltigen Konsumverhaltens}, series = {Berufsbildung f{\"u}r nachhaltige Entwicklung}, booktitle = {Berufsbildung f{\"u}r nachhaltige Entwicklung}, editor = {Michaelis, Christian and Berding, Florian}, publisher = {wbv Media}, address = {Bielefeld}, doi = {10.3278/9783763970438}, publisher = {Technische Hochschule Rosenheim}, pages = {261 -- 282}, year = {2021}, abstract = {Im Bereich des nachhaltigen Konsums besteht eine Kluft zwischen der Bereitschaft nachhaltig zu handeln und dem tats{\"a}chlichen Handeln. Eine M{\"o}glichkeit diese L{\"u}cke zu schließen, wird in der Emotionalisierung von Konsumenten gesehen. Ein Medium der zielgruppenspezifischen Nachhaltigkeitskommunikation sind Sensibilisierungsvideos. Auszubildende als junge Konsumenten, die Konsumentscheidungen langfristig beeinflussen k{\"o}nnen, verwenden Videos zum Lernen. Ziel dieser Studie ist es daher, die Wirkung der Sensibilisierungsvideos bezogen auf die Emotionalisierung der Intention, nachhaltig zu konsumieren, und das realisierte Konsumverhalten zu untersuchen. Um Emotionen hervorzurufen, wurden 45 Auszubildenden f{\"u}nf Sensibilisierungsvideos mit dem thematischen Schwerpunkt des nachhaltigen Konsums gezeigt. Mit Hilfe eines Ein-Gruppen-Vergleichs mit Vor- und Nachtest wurde {\"u}ber vier Erhebungszeitpunkte hinweg {\"u}berpr{\"u}ft, ob sich die Emotionen, die Intention und das realisierte Konsumverhalten im Zeitverlauf ver{\"a}ndern. Die Daten wurden sowohl qualitativ als auch quantitativ ausgewertet und analysiert. Es hat sich gezeigt, dass die Sensibilisierungsvideos bei den Auszubildenden sowohl positive als auch negative Emotionen hervorrufen. Im Zeitverlauf nehmen die positiven Emotionen im Vergleich leicht zu. Das Ausmaß, in dem die Auszubildenden an nachhaltige Aspekte beim Einkauf denken, verzeichnet {\"a}hnlich wie die Intention einen Zuwachs. Diese Steigerung findet sich jedoch nicht f{\"u}r die berichteten nachhaltigen Kaufmaßnahmen. So ist davon auszugehen, dass die Videos zwar zu einem st{\"a}rkeren nachhaltigen Denken und einer st{\"a}rkeren Intention angeregt, die L{\"u}cke zwischen dem Denken und Handeln aber nicht vollst{\"a}ndig geschlossen haben.}, language = {de} } @article{BleyHeindl2023, author = {Bley, Sandra and Heindl, Johanna}, title = {Ingenieurp{\"a}dagogik an der Technischen Hochschule Rosenheim. - eine Laufbahn im beruflichen Lehramt die mit der Liebe zum Holz beginnt}, series = {BAG Report}, volume = {2023}, journal = {BAG Report}, number = {02}, organization = {BAG Bau-Holz-Farbe e.V.}, pages = {20 -- 29}, year = {2023}, abstract = {Die Technische Hochschule Rosenheim ist {\"u}berregional bekannt f{\"u}r Ihre Expertise im Fachbereich Holz und Bau. Nach dem Vorbild des kooperativen Modells der Hochschule Landshut in Kooperation mit der TU M{\"u}nchen implementierte die TH Rosenheim im Jahr 2020 den Studiengang Ingenieurp{\"a}dagogik f{\"u}r den Fachbereich Bautechnik mit der Option Holztechnik als Unterrichtsfach. Der Beitrag skizziert Motive, Strukturelemente sowie erste Entwicklungen. Dabei lassen erste deskriptive Ergebnisse die Hoffnung zu, dass sich {\"u}ber das Modell neue Zielgruppen f{\"u}r eine Karriere im Lehramt an beruflichen Schulen generieren lassen. Besonders auff{\"a}llig f{\"u}r das Rosenheimer Modell ist die Bedeutsamkeit der Polyvalenz sowie das Interesse an einer praxisnahen Ausbildung rund um den Werk- und Baustoff Holz.}, language = {de} } @misc{AuerZscheile2023, author = {Auer, Veronika and Zscheile, Matthias}, title = {Holz in der Bio{\"o}konomie: eine ganzheitliche Betrachtung der Wertsch{\"o}pfungskette Forst-Holz}, editor = {Auer, Veronika}, year = {2023}, abstract = {Der Vortrag betont die zentrale Rolle von Holz in der Bio{\"o}konomie f{\"u}r die notwendige Transformation unserer Lebens- und Wirtschaftsweise. Der Fokus liegt dabei auf der ganzheitlichen Betrachtung der Wertsch{\"o}pfungskette Forst-Holz und m{\"o}glichen Beschleunigern f{\"u}r eine bio{\"o}konomische Transformation: Interdisziplin{\"a}re L{\"o}sungskompetenz ist gefragt, um Holz als Rohstoff f{\"u}r zukunftsf{\"a}hige Produkte zu etablieren, Holzarten, -sortimente und -qualit{\"a}ten optimal den verschiedenen Verwendungen zuzuf{\"u}hren und die Kreislaufwirtschaft als Schl{\"u}ssel zur Ressourceneffizienz umzusetzen. Der Vortrag wurde im Rahmen des Stuttgarter Nachhaltigkeitsstammtisch gehalten.}, language = {de} } @misc{SteinbachAuerOtt2023, author = {Steinbach, Lukas and Auer, Veronika and Ott, Holly}, title = {Analyse und Evaluierung der Holzstr{\"o}me in S{\"u}dostoberbayern zur Etablierung regionaler Wertsch{\"o}pfungsketten}, editor = {Technische Hochschule Rosenheim,}, year = {2023}, language = {de} } @incollection{MiletzkyWagenfuehrZscheile2020, author = {Miletzky, Frank and Wagenf{\"u}hr, Andre and Zscheile, Matthias}, title = {Holzbasierte Bio{\"o}konomie}, series = {Das System Bio{\"o}konomie}, booktitle = {Das System Bio{\"o}konomie}, editor = {Thr{\"a}n, Daniela and Moesenfechtel, Urs}, publisher = {Springer}, address = {Berlin Heidelberg}, doi = {10.1007/978-3-662-60730-5_4}, publisher = {Technische Hochschule Rosenheim}, pages = {51 -- 68}, year = {2020}, abstract = {Die holzbasierte Bio{\"o}konomie beschreibt die innovative Nutzung des Rohstoffs Holz in allen Bereichen der Bio{\"o}konomie. Insbesondere versteht sie sich als strategisch altbekannter, aber vor allem als erweiterter, neuartiger Innovationsraum einer Kreislaufwirtschaft mit der gesamten Wertsch{\"o}pfungskette Holz. Diese erfolgt idealerweise in Form einer sogenannten Nutzungskaskade: vom Forst {\"u}ber die forstlichen Dienstleister, die S{\"a}geindustrie, den Holzbau, die Zellstoff-/Papierindustrie, die Holzwerkstoffindustrie und in zunehmendem Maße bis hin zur chemischen Industrie sowie hinein in moderne Verbrauchs- und Investitionsg{\"u}ter. Die Nutzungskaskade betrifft damit den gesamten Wirtschaftskreislauf im Kern. Anders als im bisherigen, skalen{\"o}konomisch determinierten Wirtschaftsraum muss die Bio{\"o}konomie die begrenzte Verf{\"u}gbarkeit von Ressourcen in Betracht ziehen und zielf{\"u}hrende Nachhaltigkeitskriterien beachten. Nutzungskonkurrenzen sollen demzufolge durch intelligente, wertige Verwendung der jeweiligen Holz-, Restholz- und Abfallsortimente weitgehend vermieden werden, wodurch ein tats{\"a}chlich sinnvoller Gesamtnutzen f{\"u}r die Gesellschaft m{\"o}glich erscheint. Um die Bio{\"o}konomie umzusetzen und wirtschaftlich zu etablieren, gibt es eine Reihe europ{\"a}ischer, nationaler und regionaler Politikprogramme, Initiativen und Strukturen, die die Forschung und Entwicklung, die F{\"o}rderung industrieller Umsetzungen und die Etablierung neuer Gesch{\"a}ftsmodelle zum Ziel haben. Deutsche Hochschulen und Universit{\"a}ten stellen sich auf die entsprechende Erweiterung bzw. Anpassung von Studieng{\"a}ngen ein.}, language = {de} } @article{EnglerHoffmannZscheile2021, author = {Engler, Benjamin and Hoffmann, S. and Zscheile, Matthias}, title = {Rubber tracked bogie-axles with supportive rollers-a new undercarriage concept for log extraction on sensitive soils}, series = {International Journal of Forest Engineering}, journal = {International Journal of Forest Engineering}, publisher = {Taylor \& Francis}, doi = {10.1080/14942119.2021.1834814}, year = {2021}, abstract = {Driving forest machines on wet soils causes irreversible soil compaction, often associated with intensive rut formation and inaccessibility of wheeled forest machines for future forest operations. The German forestry equipment manufacturer FHS, Forsttechnik Handel \& Service GmbH, engineered a forwarder, the Trac 81/11, equipped with conventional, well-proved bogie-axles embraced by a closed rubber track. At the center of the bogie-axle, four additional supportive rollers are placed to increase the load-carrying section between the tires of the bogie-axle. The study aimed to characterize the principle concept and the trafficability of the forwarder by analyzing the footprint area, the contact pressure, the rut formation on forest sites and the slippage during driving. Therefore, the effective contact area was measured on steel plates and rut formation was analyzed on a case study basis. Results showed that the supportive rollers increase the contact surface area by about 1/3. By this, a decrease of peak loads below the wheels and a more homogenous load distribution were observed. However, the contact surface area is still clearly divided into three parts; the area between the supportive rollers and the wheels does not take any load. Results of the rut formation were diverse: After 20 passes with 26,700 kg total mass, rut depth varied between 12.6 and 212.5 mm. Overall, the new undercarriage concept of FHS demonstrated a generally positive performance. The engineered forwarder contributes to reduce the environmental impact associated with log extraction.}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{AuerZscheile2023, author = {Auer, Veronika and Zscheile, Matthias}, title = {Forschung als Notwendigkeit in der holzbasierten Bio{\"o}konomie}, series = {1. Internationales Wood BioEconomy-Forum (WBE)}, booktitle = {1. Internationales Wood BioEconomy-Forum (WBE)}, year = {2023}, abstract = {Die holzbasierte Bio{\"o}konomie ist eine wichtige S{\"a}ule der Bio{\"o}konomie, die sich mit der nachhaltigen Nutzung biologischer Ressourcen befasst. Holz ist auf das Volumen bezogen die wichtigste biobasierte Ressource, die eine vielf{\"a}ltige Verwendung hat. Die Themen, mit denen sich Forschungen zur holzbasierten Bio{\"o}konomie besch{\"a}ftigen sind vielf{\"a}ltig und erfuhren {\"u}ber die letzten Jahre hinweg eine deutliche Ver{\"a}nderung. Ausgehend von der Betrachtung der Nutzung nachwachsender Rohstoffe zur Erzeugung von Bioenergie wurden in den darauffolgenden Jahren, die Themen vielf{\"a}ltiger. So gewannen zwischen 2013 mehr Themen wie Politik, Modellierung, Nanocelluose, Bio{\"o}konomie, Lignin, Cellulose, Bioraffinerie, Hemicellulose neben Bioenergie an Bedeutung. Die Forschung in der holzbasierten Bio{\"o}konomie ist eine Notwendigkeit, um eine nachhaltige Rohstoffproduktion sicherzustellen, langfristig nutzbare Verfahren und Produkte zu entwickeln und damit die Transformation hin zu einer biobasierten Lebens- und Wirtschaftsweise zu beschleunigen. Forschung kann dazu beitragen, neue Technologien, Verfahren und Produkte zu entwickeln. Die Forschung in der holzbasierten Bio{\"o}konomie ist auch aus wirtschaftlicher Sicht von Bedeutung, da sie die Wettbewerbsf{\"a}higkeit von Unternehmen in der Forst- und Holzwirtschaft st{\"a}rkt und neue Gesch{\"a}ftsm{\"o}glichkeiten er{\"o}ffnet. Ebenso ist die Forschung zur erfolgreichen Umsetzung der holzbasierten Bio{\"o}konomie notwendig, um neues Wissen und Erkenntnisse zu erlangen. Dies gilt besonders f{\"u}r die Einbindung verschiedener Stakeholder und damit die Akzeptanz der holzbasierten Bio{\"o}konomie in unserer Gesellschaft zu erh{\"o}hen. Alle unterschiedlichen Bereiche, Akteure und Produkte innerhalb der Wertsch{\"o}pfungskette Forst und Holz sind in der holzbasierten Bio{\"o}konomie von großer Bedeutung. Sie sind eng miteinander verflochten und k{\"o}nnen sich gegenseitig beeinflussen und erg{\"a}nzen. Die Forschung der holzbasierten Bio{\"o}konomie muss daher international und interdisziplin{\"a}r sein sowie sich aus verschiedenen wissenschaftlichen und technischen Disziplinen zusammensetzen. Grundlegend dabei ist, Wertsch{\"o}pfungsketten ganzheitlich im Kreislauf zu denken und dabei alle drei Dimensionen der Nachhaltigkeit ({\"O}konomie, {\"O}kologie, Soziologie) gleichwertig und integrativ in der Gestaltung zu beachten. Insgesamt hat die Forschung in der holzbasierten Bio{\"o}konomie das Potenzial, die Forst- und Holzwirtschaft nachhaltiger und produktiver zu gestalten, indem biobasierte Alternativen zu fossilen Rohstoffen entwickelt werden. Sie tr{\"a}gt zu einer nachhaltigeren und umweltfreundlicheren Nutzung von Holz als Ressource bei und leistet damit einen wichtigen Beitrag zur Erreichung der Nachhaltigkeitsziele der Vereinten Nationen.}, language = {de} } @inproceedings{ZscheileAuerLangetal.2023, author = {Zscheile, Matthias and Auer, Veronika and Lang, Tobias and Wojaczek, Adrian and Werndl, Peter}, title = {Dimensionserhaltende Altholznutzung - L{\"o}sungsansatz auch oder gerade f{\"u}r die Holzverpacker?}, series = {VERPACKERTAGE 2023 - Der Zuschnitt im Fokus}, booktitle = {VERPACKERTAGE 2023 - Der Zuschnitt im Fokus}, year = {2023}, language = {de} } @inproceedings{AuerWojaczekLangetal.2023, author = {Auer, Veronika and Wojaczek, Adrian and Lang, Tobias and Werndl, Peter and Zscheile, Matthias}, title = {Moderne Prozesstechnologien als strategisches Element in der Transformation hin zur Bio{\"o}konomie}, series = {Forstwissenschaftliche Tagung 2023 Dresden}, booktitle = {Forstwissenschaftliche Tagung 2023 Dresden}, year = {2023}, abstract = {Effiziente Prozesse, die die Dekarbonisierung und Defossilisierung vorantreiben, bilden die zentralen Herausforderungen auf dem Weg zur Transformation unserer Lebens- und Wirtschaftsweise. Das komplement{\"a}re Wirken beider Ans{\"a}tze ist entscheidend f{\"u}r die Reduktion negativer Umweltwirkungen, Ressourcen- und Energieverbr{\"a}uche. Daher ist eine integrative Betrachtung der verfahrenstechnischen Optimierung aus der Perspektive der Bio{\"o}konomie und der Kreislaufwirtschaft unerl{\"a}sslich. Eine bio{\"o}konomische, kreislauforientierte Wirtschaftsweise beinhaltet die Abkehr von der Nutzung fossiler hin zur nachhaltigen Nutzung nachwachsender Rohstoffe. Das beinhaltet zugleich eine Transformation hin zur effizienten Verwendung von Prim{\"a}r- und Sekund{\"a}rmaterialien. Ressourcenschonende Produktprogramme, der Einsatz nachwachsender und kreislauff{\"a}higer Materialien sind unabdingbar. Moderne Prozesstechnologien spielen dabei eine entscheidende Rolle. Die stetige Reduktion negativer Umweltwirkungen, des Energieeintrags sowie des Ressourcenverbrauchs erfordert ein konsequentes Monitoring der Prozessparameter in der Produktion. Dies ist die Basis f{\"u}r eine intelligente Beeinflussung der Produktionsparameter. Ziel ist es, mit Methoden der K{\"u}nstlichen Intelligenz (KI) Prozesse unter Ber{\"u}cksichtigung verschiedener Randbedingungen (Constraints) technisch und technologisch zu optimieren (Constraint-Statisfaction-Problem). Durch die voranschreitende Digitalisierung in allen Bereichen der industriellen Produktion und den Einsatz moderner KI-Verfahren - auch im Bereich der Holzbe- und -verarbeitung - wird es m{\"o}glich, verbesserungsw{\"u}rdige Prozessschritte zu identifizieren, an den Prozessen selbst intelligent zu lernen und schließlich produktspezifisch optimierte Prozesskenn- und Prozessregelgr{\"o}ßen zu generieren und bereitzustellen. Maßnahmen zur Verbesserung der Energie- und Ressourceneffizienz m{\"u}ssen dabei im Vordergrund stehen. Biogene Rohstoffe sind zwar erneuerbar, aber in ihrer Verf{\"u}gbarkeit, z. B. durch Wachstumsraten und Anbaufl{\"a}chen, begrenzt. Neue Prozesstechnologien bilden wesentliche Grundlagen, um erhebliche Potenziale zur effizienten Ressourcennutzung, zur gezielten Beeinflussung unvermeidbarer Umweltwirkungen und zur Kreislauff{\"a}higkeit biobasierter Produkte zu schließen. Der Vortrag gibt einen {\"U}berblick, inwieweit die Belange der Bio{\"o}konomie und Kreislaufwirtschaft in den aktuellen Prozesstechnologien der Holzindustrie bereits umgesetzt sind. Darauf aufbauend werden die notwendigen Schritte zur Entwicklung angepasster Prozesstechnologien als strategische Elemente der notwendigen Transformation hin zu einer bio{\"o}konomischen Wirtschaftsweise im Bereich der Holzindustrie abgeleitet.}, language = {de} } @techreport{Pfau2023, author = {Pfau, Jochen}, title = {Leistungsf{\"a}higkeit gipsgebundener Bauplatten im Ausbau, Potential zur Substitution dieser Platten durch alternative Produkte}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:861-opus4-20616}, pages = {113}, year = {2023}, abstract = {Die Studie besch{\"a}ftigt sich mit der Fragestellung, ob und inwieweit sich die im Trockenbau (Schwerpunkt Wandsysteme) dominanten Gipsbauplatten durch alternative Systeme substituieren lassen und welche Folgen daraus f{\"u}r das Baugeschehen und die Umwelt resultieren. Als alternative Bekleidungsplatten werden Holzwerkstoffprodukte sowie lehmbasierte Baustoffe betrachtet. Es werden ausschließlich die aktuell verf{\"u}gbaren und marktg{\"a}ngigen Produkte heran gezogen. Bei rein technisch-konstruktiver Betrachtung sind Trockenbauw{\"a}nde mit den betrachteten alternativen Plattenwerkstoffen geeignet, ein im Ausbau {\"u}bliches, mittleres Anforderungsprofil zu erf{\"u}llen, wobei baurechtliche sowie baubetriebliche Hemmnisse einem breiten Einsatz entgegen stehen. Diese „technische-konstruktive Eignung" ist allerdings rein theoretischer Natur. In der Studie wurde gezeigt, dass eine mittelbare Substitution der heute bau{\"u}blichen Gipsbauplattensysteme, auch eine Teilsubstitution in relevanter Gr{\"o}ßenordnung, aufgrund der fehlenden Verf{\"u}gbarkeit der Rohstoffe und Produktionskapazit{\"a}ten f{\"u}r die Herstellung der alternativen Plattenwerkstoffe, weder sinnvoll noch realistisch m{\"o}glich ist.}, language = {de} } @phdthesis{Auer2022, author = {Auer, Veronika}, title = {The value chain of hardwood and the transition to a wood-based bioeconomy}, school = {Technische Hochschule Rosenheim}, year = {2022}, abstract = {Germany is rich in hardwood, which could be an excellent carbon sink. However, instead of being used for long-term carbon storing products, nearly half of the resource is simply burned. This is an unfortunate paradox. The transition to a wood-based bioeconomy is a necessary step for Germany to reach the CAP 2050 goals. This, however, requires the resolution of the paradox and the use of wood primarily as long-term carbon storage. The increase in the valorisation of hardwood used for durable products allows hardwood to be used as long-term carbon storage and simultaneously widens the limited supply potential of wood as resource. Rethinking the hardwood uses and the new strategic orientation of the forest and wood industries requires a clear vision that is shared by the different actors in the wood value chain. This thesis evaluates how hardwood value chains and the valorisation of hardwood support the transition to a wood-based bioeconomy in Germany in a novel three-step value chain analysis approach. Hardwood valorisation fosters this transition because the use of hardwood as material increases supply security within the wood-based bioeconomy. Transparent hardwood flows uncover untapped resource potentials and thus enable a re-allocation of hardwood flows from resource to production. The thesis suggests new strategies and policy recommendations for industries, associations, and policy makers whose application would increase the material use of hardwood. The thesis adds to the existing body of knowledge by considering for the first time the whole wood value chain. It is a pioneer as it provides a consistent set of data for the hardwood value chain for the first time. It uses the methods of systematic literature review, material flow analysis, and the hybrid policy Delphi-SWOT analysis. The results show that the hardwood value chain supports the transition to a wood-based bioeconomy through the increase of hardwood used as material for value-added products.}, language = {de} } @article{EierleJehlSack2022, author = {Eierle, Benno and Jehl, Wolfgang and Sack, Norbert}, title = {Anwendung der ETB-Richtline auf Befestigungselemente von Fenstern und Fassaden}, series = {Bautechnik}, volume = {99}, journal = {Bautechnik}, number = {8}, pages = {623 -- 629}, year = {2022}, abstract = {Die ETB-Richtlinie „Bauteile, die gegen Absturz sichern" aus dem Jahr 1985 ist eine der {\"a}ltesten Vorschriften, die in den aktuellen Technischen Baubestimmungen (Teil A, Lfd. Nr. A 1.2.1.3) enthalten sind. Sie definiert ebenso wie der Eurocode 1 die Einwirkungen auf absturzsichernde Bauteile, enth{\"a}lt im Gegensatz zum EC1 jedoch auch Nachweismethoden und Anforderungen an Stoßlasten. Dieser Bericht umreißt den Anwendungsbereich, f{\"u}r den die ETB-Richtlinie heute noch relevant ist, und stellt die theoretischen Hintergr{\"u}nde f{\"u}r den Nachweis von Befestigungselementen f{\"u}r den weichen Stoß dar, die bisher nur schlecht dokumentiert sind. Zudem werden erweiterte Lastans{\"a}tze und Nachweismethoden f{\"u}r die Fensterbefestigung in hochw{\"a}rmed{\"a}mmendem Mauerwerk vorgestellt, die im Rahmen eines durch das DIBt gef{\"o}rderten Forschungsprojekts erarbeitet wurden.}, language = {de} } @phdthesis{Barth2021, author = {Barth, Simon}, title = {Physikalisch-technologische Untersuchungen zur Faserstofferzeugung f{\"u}r die Herstellung von Holzfaserd{\"a}mmstoffen}, school = {Technische Hochschule Rosenheim}, year = {2021}, abstract = {Die Zielstellung der Arbeit war es, die Faserstofferzeugung f{\"u}r die Herstellung von Holzfaserd{\"a}mmstoffen zu untersuchen, um zu einem besseren Verst{\"a}ndnis der dort stattfindenden physikalischen Vorg{\"a}nge beizutragen. F{\"u}r die Bearbeitung der Zielstellung wurden physikalische Experimente zur Faserstofferzeugung im Labormaßstab mit dem TMP-Verfahren (Thermo Mechanical Pulp) und dem RMP-Verfahren (Refiner Mechanical Pulp) sowie den Holzarten Fichte (Picea abies Karst.) und Buche (Fagus sylvatica L.) durchgef{\"u}hrt. Aus den grundlegenden Untersuchungen zur Prozessf{\"u}hrung der labortechnischen Faserstofferzeugung konnte eine Vorgehensweise abgeleitet werden, mit der reproduzierbare Ergebnisse in der Untersuchung von Mahlscheiben erzielt werden. Die Untersuchung der Sorption von Wasserdampf durch Hackschnitzel in Sattdampfatmosph{\"a}re mit einem Sattdampfdruck zwischen 1 bar und 9 bar respektive einer Temperatur von 120 °C bis 180 °C wurde mittels einer gravimetrischen Messeinrichtung ermittelt. Mit dieser in situ Bestimmung der Holzfeuchte wurde eine vom Sattdampfdruck und der Ausgangs-Holzfeuchte abh{\"a}ngige Absorption vonWasser nachgewiesen, die mit der berechneten W{\"a}rmemenge zur Erw{\"a}rmung der Hackschnitzel assoziiert ist. Die Holzfeuchte nach Entspannung des Sattdampfdrucks war unabh{\"a}ngig von der H{\"o}he des Sattdampfdrucks und stellte sich oberhalb der Ausgangs-Holzfeuchte ein. Der zeitliche Verlauf derWasseraufnahme und -abgabe erfolgte simultan zum Anstieg und Abfall des Sattdampfdrucks. Die Untersuchungen zur spezifischen elektrischen Leistungsaufnahme im TMP-Verfahren zeigten ferner, dass signifikante Unterschiede bez{\"u}glich der Holzarten, der Aufschlusstemperaturen und der Mahlscheibenmuster bestanden. Die Faserstofferzeugung mit der Holzart Buche zog, im Vergleich zur Holzart Fichte, eine geringere spezifische elektrische Leistungsaufnahme nach sich. Mit steigender Aufschlusstemperatur nahm die spezifische elektrische Leistungsaufnahme bei beiden untersuchten Holzarten ab und die Differenzen zwischen den Mahlscheibenmustern wurden geringer. Im RMP-Verfahren konnte die prinzipielle Machbarkeit der Faserstofferzeugung f{\"u}r Holzfaserd{\"a}mmstoffe mit einem speziell entwickelten Mahlscheibenmuster belegt werden. Aus den Versuchen zur Faserstofferzeugung wurde die Erkenntnis gewonnen, dass neben dem Erweichungsverhalten der Holzarten, insbesondere die Gestaltung der Mahlscheibe mit der Reduzierung der spezifischen elektrischen Leistungsaufnahme einherging. Aus den weiteren Untersuchungen zum elektrischen und thermischen Energiebedarf in der Faserstofferzeugung entstand die Erkenntnis, dass neben dem Sattdampfdruck respektive der Aufschlusstemperatur die spezifische elektrische Leistungsaufnahme in Beziehung mit der Konsistenz der Faserstoffe nach dem Aufschluss steht. Die Analyse zur Beschaffenheit der Faserstoffe wurde mit der Kollektivmethode Luftstrahl- Pr{\"u}fsiebung und der Individualmethode quantitative Bildanalyse durchgef{\"u}hrt. Mit beiden Methoden konnten Unterschiede in den Dispersit{\"a}tseigenschaften bez{\"u}glich der Holzarten, der Aufschlusstemperaturen und der Mahlscheibenmuster nachgewiesen werden. Sowohl mit der Luftstrahl-Pr{\"u}fsiebung als auch mit der quantitativen Bildanalyse wurde festgestellt, dass die Feinheit der Partikel mit steigender Aufschlusstemperatur zunimmt. Die W{\"a}rmeleitf{\"a}higkeit wurde im Zweiplattenverfahren an Faserstoffprobek{\"o}rpern ermittelt, die mit einer aerodynamischen Vlieslegung gebildet wurden. Korrelationstabellen zur Identifizierung von funktionalen Zusammenh{\"a}ngen zwischen Dispersit{\"a}tseigenschaften und der W{\"a}rmeleitf{\"a}higkeit lassen den Schluss zu, dass die Feinheit der faserartigen Partikel in Beziehung mit der W{\"a}rmeleitf{\"a}higkeit stehen. Insgesamt boten spezielle Mahlscheibenmuster ein hohes Potenzial, um den elektrischen und thermischen Energiebedarf im Prozess der Faserstofferzeugung zu senken und die Beschaffenheit der Faserstoffe f{\"u}r die Herstellung von Holzfaserd{\"a}mmstoffen zu optimieren.}, language = {de} } @article{Werning2022, author = {Werning, Hanno}, title = {MHolzBauRL und MVV TB 2020/2 - neuer Rechtsrahmen f{\"u}r den mehrgeschossigen Holzbau}, series = {Bauprodukte Aktuell}, volume = {2022}, journal = {Bauprodukte Aktuell}, number = {1}, publisher = {FeuerTrutz Network}, address = {K{\"o}ln}, pages = {1 -- 12}, year = {2022}, abstract = {Der Beitrag stellt grob die Regelungen der Muster-Holzbau-Richtlinie (MHolzBauRL) Ausgabe Oktober 2020 f{\"u}r feuerwiderstandsf{\"a}hige Bauteile in Holzbauweise (die nach bauordnungsrechtlichen Vorgaben feuerbest{\"a}ndig oder hochfeuerhemmend sein m{\"u}ssen) dar. Er geht ausf{\"u}hrlich auf die daraus resultierenden ge{\"a}nderten Zuordnungstabellen aus MVV TB 2020/2 Anhang 4 ein und beschreibt die Folgen f{\"u}r die Nachweisf{\"u}hrung feuerwiderstandsf{\"a}higer Bauteile f{\"u}r Bauwerke unter diesen Regeln.}, language = {de} } @misc{Werning2021, author = {Werning, Hanno}, title = {Bauordnungsrechtliche Anforderungen an W{\"a}rmed{\"a}mmstoffe hinsichtlich des Brandschutzes}, series = {Brandschutz Pocket - Kompakte Infos zu Brandschutzanforderungen an D{\"a}mmstoffe}, journal = {Brandschutz Pocket - Kompakte Infos zu Brandschutzanforderungen an D{\"a}mmstoffe}, editor = {FeuerTrutz Network,}, organization = {FeuerTrutz Network}, pages = {6 -- 17}, year = {2021}, abstract = {Im Beitrag werden m{\"o}gliche Anforderungen an (W{\"a}rme-) D{\"a}mmstoffe hinsichtlich des Brandschutzes dargestellt.}, language = {de} } @article{Werning2021, author = {Werning, Hanno}, title = {MHolzBauRL - erweiterte Regeln f{\"u}r mehrgeschossige Holzbauten}, series = {Der Zimmermann}, volume = {2021}, journal = {Der Zimmermann}, number = {12}, publisher = {Bruderverlag Albert Bruder GmbH \& Co.KG}, address = {K{\"o}ln}, pages = {20 -- 24}, year = {2021}, abstract = {Der Artikel skizziert mit Blick auf ausf{\"u}hrende Holzbau-Unternehmen die historische Entwicklung der Regelwerke zum Bauen mit Holz ab der Geb{\"a}udeklasse 4 und stellt grob die Inhalte der Muster Holzbau-Richtlinie (MHolzBauRL) Fassung Oktober 2020 dar. Es werden (hypothetische) Fragen zum Thema in einer Frage-Antwort-Rubrik behandelt.}, language = {de} } @article{Werning2021, author = {Werning, Hanno}, title = {MHolzBauRL - erweiterte Regeln f{\"u}r mehrgeschossige Holzbauten}, series = {FeuerTrutz Magazin}, volume = {2021}, journal = {FeuerTrutz Magazin}, number = {5}, publisher = {FeuerTrutz Network}, address = {K{\"o}ln}, pages = {18 -- 22}, year = {2021}, abstract = {Der Artikel skizziert mit Blick auf Planerinnen und Planer die historische Entwicklung der Regelwerke zum Bauen mit Holz ab der Geb{\"a}udeklasse 4 und stellt grob die Inhalte der Muster Holzbau-Richtlinie (MHolzBauRL) Fassung Oktober 2020 dar.}, language = {de} } @article{Werning2021, author = {Werning, Hanno}, title = {"Bemessung" und "Nachweis" - Anforderungen an Bauprodukte entstehen im Planungsprozess}, series = {Bauprodukte Aktuell}, volume = {2021}, journal = {Bauprodukte Aktuell}, number = {5}, publisher = {FeuerTrutz Network}, address = {K{\"o}ln}, pages = {1 -- 7}, year = {2021}, abstract = {Der Beitrag zeigt im Prinzip und an konkreten Beispielen auf, dass Anforderungen an Bauprodukte selten pauschal und einheitlich f{\"u}r Bauwerke bestehen, sondern in der großen Mehrheit aller F{\"a}lle f{\"u}r jede konkrete Verwendungssituation in einem spezifischen Bauwerk im Rahmen des Planungsprozesses entstehen. H{\"a}ufig kann die gleiche Bauwerksanforderung mit verschiedenen L{\"o}sungswegen erreicht werden, die jeweils unterschiedliche Anforderungen an die verwendeten Bauprodukte bedeuten.}, language = {de} } @article{Werning2021, author = {Werning, Hanno}, title = {„Initiativbericht" des EU-Parlamentes zur Umsetzung der BauPVO - Erl{\"a}uterungen und Kommentierungen}, series = {Bauprodukte Aktuell}, volume = {2021}, journal = {Bauprodukte Aktuell}, number = {3}, publisher = {FeuerTrutz Network GmbH}, address = {K{\"o}ln}, pages = {1 -- 6}, year = {2021}, abstract = {Der Beitrag berichtet {\"u}ber den Initiativbericht des EU-Parlamentes zur Umsetzung der Bauprodukteverordnung (EU) 305/2011 vom 03.02.2021 und diskutiert seine Inhalte und Folgen kritisch.}, language = {de} } @misc{OttGirataSastoqueBrunsmeieretal.2021, author = {Ott, Holly and Girata Sastoque, Lina Maria and Brunsmeier, Martin and Bayer, Claudia}, title = {On the Cutting Edge of Wood Technology - Ensuring Sustainable Wood Flows}, series = {Research in Bavaria - Spotlight}, journal = {Research in Bavaria - Spotlight}, organization = {Research in Bavaria}, year = {2021}, language = {en} } @article{BarthSchmidMichanickl2021, author = {Barth, Simon and Schmid, Thomas and Michanickl, Andreas}, title = {TECHNICAL NOTE: A METHOD TO DETERMINE THE WETTING OF WOOD FIBERS WITH THERMOPLASTIC}, series = {Wood and Fiber Science}, volume = {53}, journal = {Wood and Fiber Science}, number = {2}, pages = {157 -- 159}, year = {2021}, abstract = {This paper presents a method which allows to assess the wettability of thermomechanical pulp (TMP) with thermoplastic. The method is based on the usage of laboratory sheets made of TMP and plastic granules which form drops under heat. The contact angle of the drops after re-solidification on the surface of the laboratory sheets serves as the wetting characteristic. This method enables a direct and evaluable testing of wood fiber thermoplastic combinations. The exemplary results indicate that wood species, pulping temperature and mercerization influence the wettability of TMP with thermoplastic.}, language = {en} } @techreport{JehlSackEierle2021, author = {Jehl, Wolfgang and Sack, Norbert and Eierle, Benno}, title = {Erarbeitung einer Handlungsanleitung zur Bewertung der Absturzsicherung von Fenstern in der Geb{\"a}udeh{\"u}lle und deren Einbau sowie einer Erl{\"a}uterung zur Anwendung der ETB-Richtlinie}, organization = {ift Gemeinn{\"u}tzige Forschungs- und Entwicklungsgesellschaft mbH, Rosenheim}, pages = {94}, year = {2021}, abstract = {Bauteile der Geb{\"a}udeh{\"u}lle mit absturzsichernden Eigenschaften sind gegen{\"u}ber statischen und stoßartigen Belastungen bez{\"u}glich der ausreichenden Tragf{\"a}higkeit des Bauteils einschließlich der Verankerung im tragenden Untergrund nachzuweisen. Die anzuwendenden Regelwerke wurden zu deutlich unterschiedlichen Zeitpunkten erarbeitet und ver{\"o}ffentlicht. Insbesondere die ETB Richtlinie stammt aus dem Jahr 1985 und entspricht nicht mehr den heutigen Sicherheitskonzepten. Daher war es das Ziel des beantragten Vorhabens eine Anleitung zu erarbeiten, die die notwendige Nachweisf{\"u}hrung f{\"u}r absturzsichernde Fenster sowie die hierf{\"u}r m{\"o}glichen Nachweiswege eindeutig festlegt. Des Weiteren sollte analysiert werden, wie und unter welchen Randbedingungen beim Nachweis der Fensterbefestigung die statische Ersatzlast f{\"u}r den Anprall auf mehrere Befestigungspunkte verteilt werden kann. Um das Forschungsziel zu erreichen wurden die aktuellen Anforderungen bzgl. der Nachweiswege und Nachweisverfahren f{\"u}r absturzsichernde Fenster analysiert und auf Konsistenz hinsichtlich der unterschiedlichen zu verwendenden Regelwerke {\"u}berpr{\"u}ft.}, language = {de} } @article{GretzPlank2011, author = {Gretz, Markus and Plank, Johann}, title = {An ESEM investigation of latex film formation in cement pore solution}, series = {Cement and Concrete Research}, volume = {41}, journal = {Cement and Concrete Research}, number = {2}, publisher = {Elsevier}, pages = {184 -- 190}, year = {2011}, abstract = {Environmental scanning electron microscopy (ESEM) and complementary methods were employed to study the time dependent film formation of a latex dispersion in water and cement pore solution. First, a model carboxylated styrene/n-butyl acrylate latex dispersion possessing a minimum film forming temperature (MFFT) of 18 °C was synthesized in aqueous media via emulsion polymerization. Its film forming property was at a temperature of 40 °C, studied under an ESEM. The analysis revealed that upon removal of water, film formation occurs as a result of particle packing, particle deformation and finally particle coalescence. Film formation is significantly retarded when the latex dispersion is present in cement pore solution. This effect can be ascribed to adsorption of Ca2+ ions onto the surface of the anionic latex particles and to interfacial secondary phases. This layer of adsorbed Ca2+ ions hinders interdiffusion of the macromolecules and subsequent film formation of the latex polymer.}, language = {en} } @article{PavlitschekGretzPlank2013, author = {Pavlitschek, Tom and Gretz, Markus and Plank, Johann}, title = {Novel Core-Shell Hybrid Polymers Designed as Dual Functional Additives for Concrete}, series = {Advanced Materials Research}, volume = {687}, journal = {Advanced Materials Research}, pages = {77 -- 83}, year = {2013}, abstract = {Novel hybrid admixtures for construction applications were prepared by layer-by-layer deposition technique. Colloidal core templates consisting of styrene/n-butylacrylate latex particles were coated with multilayers of superplasticizers commonly used in concrete. This way, core-shell particles possessing both dispersing and film-forming properties were achieved. Incorporation of the latex@dispersant hybrid additive into a cement paste results in a slow release of the superplasticizer as a result of gradual shell disintegration which instigates prolonged plastification (long "slump life") of the cement slurry. Once the shell has been dissolved, latex particles are released into the pore solution and can coalesce into a polymer film which improves the mechanical properties of the hardened cement. Characterization of the templates and novel additives was performed by means of zeta potential measurement, dynamic light scattering and electron microscopy. Our method allows to synthesize multifunctional additives with time-controlled release effect.}, language = {en} } @article{PavlitschekGretzPlank2013, author = {Pavlitschek, Tom and Gretz, Markus and Plank, Johann}, title = {Microcapsules prepared from polycondensate-based cement superplasticizers via layer-by-layer self assembly on melamine-formaldehyde core templates}, series = {Journal of Applied Polymer Science}, volume = {127}, journal = {Journal of Applied Polymer Science}, number = {5}, publisher = {Wiley}, pages = {3705 -- 3711}, year = {2013}, abstract = {Novel microcapsules were prepared from colloidal core-shell particles by acid dissolution of the organic core. Weakly crosslinked, monodisperse and spherical melamine-formaldehyde polycondensate particles (diameter ∼ 1 μm) were synthesized as core template and coated with multilayers of an anionic polyelectrolyte via layer-by-layer deposition technique. As polyelectrolytes, an anionic naphthalenesulfonate formaldehyde polycondensate that is a common concrete superplasticizer and thus industrially available, and cationic poly(allylamine hydrochloride) were used. Core removal was achieved by soaking the core-shell particles in aqueous hydrochloric acid at pH 1.6, resulting in hollow microcapsules consisting of the polyelectrolytes. Characterization of the template, the core-shell particles, and the microcapsules plus tracking of the layer-by-layer polyelectrolyte deposition was performed by means of zeta potential measurement and scanning electron microscopy. The microcapsules might be useful as microcontainers for cement additives.}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{WilhelmGretzStephanetal.2007, author = {Wilhelm, Patrick and Gretz, Markus and Stephan, Dietmar and Plank, Johann}, title = {Synthesis and photocatalytic activity of magnetic core-shell nanoparticles}, series = {International Congress of Particle Technology, Partec}, booktitle = {International Congress of Particle Technology, Partec}, editor = {Partec 2007,}, pages = {3}, year = {2007}, language = {en} } @article{GretzPlank2010, author = {Gretz, Markus and Plank, Johann}, title = {Hybrid additives for construction applications, fabricated through layer-by-layer adsorption of polycondensate type superplasticizers on latex templates}, series = {Colloids and Surfaces A: Physicochemical and Engineering Aspects}, volume = {366}, journal = {Colloids and Surfaces A: Physicochemical and Engineering Aspects}, number = {1-3}, publisher = {Elsevier}, pages = {38 -- 44}, year = {2010}, abstract = {Novel hybrid admixtures for construction applications were prepared by layer-by-layer deposition technique. Colloidal core templates consisting of styrene/acrylate latex particles were coated with multilayers of polycondensate-based dispersants commonly used in concrete. This way, core-shell particles possessing both dispersing and film-forming properties were achieved. Incorporation of the latex@dispersant hybrid additive into a cement paste results in a slow release of the dispersant which instigates prolonged plastification of the cement slurry. Following disintegration of the shell, the latex core particles are released into the pore solution and coalesce into a polymer film which improves the mechanical properties of the hardened cement. Characterization of the templates and novel additives plus tracking of the layer-by-layer polyelectrolyte adsorption was performed by means of zeta potential measurement, dynamic light scattering and electron microscopy. Our method allows to synthesize multifunctional additives with time-controlled release effect.}, language = {en} } @article{PavlitschekGretzPlank2013, author = {Pavlitschek, Tom and Gretz, Markus and Plank, Johann}, title = {Effect of Ca2+ Ions on the Film Formation of an Anionic Styrene/n-Butylacrylate Latexpolymer in Cement Pore Solution}, series = {Advanced Materials Research}, volume = {687}, journal = {Advanced Materials Research}, pages = {322 -- 328}, year = {2013}, abstract = {Several methods were employed to study the time dependent film formation of a self synthesized anionic latex dispersion in water and cement pore solution. First, a model carboxylated styrene/n-butyl acrylate latex dispersion possessing a minimum film forming temperature (MFFT) of 18 °C and a glass transition temperature (Tg) of 30 °C was synthesized via emulsion polymerization. Next, its film forming behaviour was studied at 40 °C, using an ESEM instrument. The analysis revealed that upon removal of water, film formation occurs as a result of particle packing, particle deformation and finally particle coalescence. Film formation is significantly hindered in synthetic cement pore solution. This effect can be ascribed to adsorption of Ca2+ ions onto the surface of the anionic latex particles and to interfacial secondary phases. This layer of adsorbed Ca2+ ions hinders interdiffusion of the macromolecules and subsequent film formation of the latex polymer.}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{GretzPlankPavlitschek2010, author = {Gretz, Markus and Plank, Johann and Pavlitschek, Tom}, title = {ESEM-Untersuchungen zum Verfilmungsverhalten von Latex-Dispersionen in Wasser und Zementporenl{\"o}sung}, series = {GDCh Monographie Bauchemie, Band 42}, booktitle = {GDCh Monographie Bauchemie, Band 42}, editor = {GDCh-Fachgruppe Bauchemie,}, isbn = {978-3-936028-65-2}, pages = {144 -- 151}, year = {2010}, language = {de} } @inproceedings{GretzPlank2009, author = {Gretz, Markus and Plank, Johann}, title = {Untersuchungen zum Einfluss der Zementporenl{\"o}sung auf das Verfilmungsverhalten von Latexdispersionen}, series = {Tagungsband 2 - 17. Internationale Baustofftagung "Ibausil"}, booktitle = {Tagungsband 2 - 17. Internationale Baustofftagung "Ibausil"}, editor = {Bauhaus Universit{\"a}t Weimar,}, pages = {165 -- 170}, year = {2009}, language = {de} } @article{GretzPlank2008, author = {Gretz, Markus and Plank, Johann}, title = {Investigations on the interaction of cationic and anionic latex particles with Portland cement}, series = {Colloids and Surfaces A: Physicochemical and Engineering Aspects}, volume = {330}, journal = {Colloids and Surfaces A: Physicochemical and Engineering Aspects}, number = {2-3}, publisher = {Elsevier}, pages = {227 -- 233}, year = {2008}, abstract = {The interaction between organic latex polymers and the surface of hydrating cement was investigated by measuring the zeta potential and adsorbed amount of polymer on cement. First, differently charged model latex particles were synthesized in aqueous media by well-known emulsion polymerization technique. The latex polymers were characterized by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), dynamic light scattering (DLS) and environmental scanning electron microscopy (ESEM). Electrokinetic latex surface properties were investigated by means of streaming potential measurements using a particle charge detector (PCD). It is shown that the anionic latexes adsorb a considerable amount of Ca2+ from the cement pore solution. Next, adsorption of the latex polymers on the surface of hydrating cement was confirmed by zeta potential measurements using the electroacoustic method. A water to cement ratio in the cement paste as low as 0.5 was studied, representing actual conditions in mortar and concrete. Additionally, adsorption isotherms were determined in a sedimentation test using the depletion method. For all latex polymers, Langmuir type adsorption isotherms were found. The latex dosages required to achieve saturated adsorption on the cement surface obtained from zeta potential measurements correspond well with those determined in the sedimentation test. Electron microscopy photographs confirm that the charged latex polymers adsorb selectively on surface areas of hydrating cement showing opposite charge. This way, domains of organic latex polymers exist on the cement surface. They provide adhesion between the inorganic cement matrix and the organic polymer film formed later on by particle coalescence as a result of cement hydration and drying.}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{GretzPlank2008, author = {Gretz, Markus and Plank, Johann}, title = {Kolloidchemische Untersuchungen zur Wechselwirkung zwischen anionischen und kationischen Latexpartikeln und Portlandzement}, series = {GDCh Monographie Bauchemie, Band 39}, booktitle = {GDCh Monographie Bauchemie, Band 39}, editor = {GDCh-Fachgruppe Bauchemie,}, isbn = {978-3-936028-54-6}, pages = {273 -- 282}, year = {2008}, language = {de} } @inproceedings{GretzPlank2009, author = {Gretz, Markus and Plank, Johann}, title = {Funktionelle core-shell Latex-Partikel als neuartige bauchemische Zusatzmittel}, series = {GDCh Monographie Bauchemie, Band 41}, booktitle = {GDCh Monographie Bauchemie, Band 41}, editor = {GDCh-Fachgruppe Bauchemie,}, isbn = {978-3-936028-61-4}, pages = {103 -- 110}, year = {2009}, language = {de} } @article{WerningKrauseCzeranka2021, author = {Werning, Hanno and Krause-Czeranka, Thomas}, title = {Abweichungen im Bauordnungsrecht - Bauprodukte und Bauarten}, series = {Bauprodukte Aktuell}, volume = {2021}, journal = {Bauprodukte Aktuell}, number = {2}, publisher = {FeuerTrutz Network GmbH}, address = {K{\"o}ln}, pages = {1 -- 11}, year = {2021}, abstract = {Der Beitrag gibt einen {\"U}berblick {\"u}ber die verschiedenen Abweichungen, die im Bauordnungsrecht behandelt werden. Die Abweichungen von den materiellen Anforderungen des Bauordnungsrechtes werden nur kurz behandelt. Abweichungen bei den Nachweisen f{\"u}r Bauprodukte und Bauarten werden ausf{\"u}hrlich diskutiert hinsichtlich m{\"o}glicher Ursachen und den Auswirkungen f{\"u}r die Nachweisf{\"u}hrung. Auch auf das Thema "Abweichungen" bei Bauprodukten mit CE-Kennzeichnung nach BauPVO wird eingegangen. Die Abweichungen bei Technischen Baubestimmungen f{\"u}r Planung, Bemessung und Ausf{\"u}hrung werden mit Bezug auf die VV TB erl{\"a}utert.}, language = {de} } @article{Werning2020, author = {Werning, Hanno}, title = {FK Bautechnik zur Feuer- und Rauchschutzabschl{\"u}ssen mit CE-Kennzeichnung nach EN 16034}, series = {Bauprodukte Aktuell}, volume = {2020}, journal = {Bauprodukte Aktuell}, number = {8}, publisher = {FeuerTrutz Network}, address = {K{\"o}ln}, pages = {8 -- 8}, year = {2020}, abstract = {Der Beitrag diskutiert eine Publikation der Fachkommission Bautechnik zu T{\"u}ren mit Feuerwiderstand oder Rauchschutz und CE-Kennzeichnung auf Basis von EN 16034. Dies betrifft bisher nur Außent{\"u}ren und bestimmte Tore.}, language = {de} } @article{HilbertWerning2020, author = {Hilbert, Enrico and Werning, Hanno}, title = {Bauproduktenrecht in {\"O}sterreich}, series = {Bauprodukte Aktuell}, volume = {2020}, journal = {Bauprodukte Aktuell}, number = {8}, publisher = {FeuerTrutz Network}, address = {K{\"o}ln}, pages = {1 -- 8}, year = {2020}, abstract = {Der Beitrag stellt das Grundprinzip des Bauproduktenrechtes in {\"O}sterreich vor.}, language = {de} } @article{Werning2020, author = {Werning, Hanno}, title = {MBO-{\"A}nderungen geplant}, series = {FeuerTrutz Magazin}, volume = {2020}, journal = {FeuerTrutz Magazin}, number = {5}, publisher = {FeuerTrutz Network}, address = {K{\"o}ln}, pages = {6 -- 7}, year = {2020}, abstract = {Der Beitrag stellt die im August 2020 von der Bauministerkonferenz vorgestellten geplanten {\"A}nderungen der Musterbauordnung vor, mit dem Schwerpunkt auf das Thema Brandschutz}, language = {de} } @article{PoepplWerning2020, author = {P{\"o}ppl, Christian and Werning, Hanno}, title = {W{\"a}rmeschutz und Energieeinsparung von Geb{\"a}uden - Anforderungen und Nachweisf{\"u}hrung}, series = {Bauprodukte Aktuell}, volume = {2020}, journal = {Bauprodukte Aktuell}, number = {5}, publisher = {FeuerTrutz Network}, address = {K{\"o}ln}, pages = {2 -- 8}, year = {2020}, abstract = {Der Beitrag zeigt auf, wie im W{\"a}rmeschutz Anforderungen an Bauwerke bestehen und wie sich daraus die Anforderungen an Bauprodukte hinsichtlich des W{\"a}rmeschutzes ergeben. Die maßgebenden Regelwerke werden beschrieben und Beispiele zur Verdeutlichung angegeben.}, language = {de} } @article{Werning2020, author = {Werning, Hanno}, title = {Praktische Folgen der Optionen zur Revision der BauPVO}, series = {Bauprodukte Aktuell}, volume = {2020}, journal = {Bauprodukte Aktuell}, number = {7}, publisher = {FeuerTrutz Network}, address = {K{\"o}ln}, pages = {3 -- 8}, year = {2020}, abstract = {Der Beitrag zeigt auf, welche Folgen die verschiedenen von den EU-Kommissions-Diensten vorgestellten M{\"o}glichkeiten zur Revision der Bauproduktenverordnung haben w{\"u}rden.}, language = {de} } @techreport{Eierle2021, type = {Working Paper}, author = {Eierle, Benno}, title = {Mechanische Kennwerte - vom Versuch zum statischen Nachweis}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:861-opus4-16425}, pages = {12}, year = {2021}, abstract = {Die Entwickler und Hersteller von Bauprodukten sind nur selten Experten f{\"u}r statische Nachweise. Entsprechend schwierig gestaltet sich die Diskussion mit Pr{\"u}finstituten oder Statikern, wenn es um die Bestimmung oder die Ver-wendung von statischen Kennwerten geht. W{\"a}hrend es fr{\"u}her ausreichte, den Mittelwert einer Versuchsreihe auszu-werten, ist heute bereits die statistische Versuchsauswertung hinreichend komplex. Was ist genau gemeint, wenn der Statiker nach dem charakteristischen Wert oder dem Bemessungswert fr{\"a}gt? Der Aufsatz erkl{\"a}rt f{\"u}r den Nicht-Statiker, was bei der Planung und Auswertung von Versuchen zu beachten ist, damit die gewonnen Kennwerte als Basis f{\"u}r statische Nachweise brauchbar sind. Der gesamte Prozess vom Versuch bis zum statischen Nachweis wird dazu in 10 Einzelschritte unterteilt.}, language = {de} } @article{Zscheile2020, author = {Zscheile, Matthias}, title = {Holz statt Braunkohle}, series = {UmweltMagazin}, volume = {50}, journal = {UmweltMagazin}, number = {10-11}, publisher = {VDI Fachmedien GmbH \& Co. KG}, pages = {28 -- 29}, year = {2020}, abstract = {Der BioEconomy Cluster in Halle (Saale) treibt seit 2012 den Strukturwandel in der Wirtschaftsregion S{\"u}dliches Sachsen-Anhalt voran. Ziel ist, dort und in angrenzenden Gebieten des mitteldeutschen Braunkohlereviers eine holzbasierte Bio{\"o}konomie voranzutreiben.}, language = {de} } @article{EnglerHoffmannZscheile2020, author = {Engler, Benjamin and Hoffmann, Stephan and Zscheile, Matthias}, title = {Rubber tracked bogie-axles with supportive rollers - a new undercarriage concept for log extraction on sensitive soils}, series = {International Journal of Forest Engineering}, journal = {International Journal of Forest Engineering}, year = {2020}, abstract = {Driving forest machines on wet soils causes irreversible soil compaction, often associated with intensive rut formation and inaccessibility of wheeled forest machines for future forest operations. The German forestry equipment manufacturer FHS, Forsttechnik Handel \& Service GmbH, engineered a forwarder, the Trac 81/11, equipped with conventional, well-proved bogie-axles embraced by a closed rubber track. At the center of the bogie-axle, four additional supportive rollers are placed to increase the load-carrying section between the tires of the bogie-axle. The study aimed to characterize the principle concept and the trafficability of the forwarder by analyzing the footprint area, the contact pressure, the rut formation on forest sites and the slippage during driving. Therefore, the effective contact area was measured on steel plates and rut formation was analyzed on a case study basis. Results showed that the supportive rollers increase the contact surface area by about 1/3. By this, a decrease of peak loads below the wheels and a more homogenous load distribution were observed. However, the contact surface area is still clearly divided into three parts; the area between the supportive rollers and the wheels does not take any load. Results of the rut formation were diverse: After 20 passes with 26,700 kg total mass, rut depth varied between 12.6 and 212.5 mm. Overall, the new undercarriage concept of FHS demonstrated a generally positive performance. The engineered forwarder contributes to reduce the environmental impact associated with log extraction.}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{OttHeilmayerSng2012, author = {Ott, Holly C. and Heilmayer, S. and Sng, S.Y.}, title = {Granularity and Temporal Dependency of Forecast Accuracy in Semiconductor Industry}, series = {7th Economy and Efficiency Conference, Poznan University of Technology, Poland}, booktitle = {7th Economy and Efficiency Conference, Poznan University of Technology, Poland}, year = {2012}, language = {en} } @misc{Ott2012, author = {Ott, Holly C.}, title = {Developing Local Leadership in Asian Operations}, organization = {Human Capital Leadership Institute}, year = {2012}, language = {en} } @misc{Ott2015, author = {Ott, Holly C.}, title = {Process Quality Monitoring at Altis Semiconductor}, editor = {The Case Centre,}, organization = {Singapore Management University}, year = {2015}, language = {en} } @misc{Ott2015, author = {Ott, Holly C.}, title = {Using the DMAIC Process Improvement Flow at Hanwag GmbH}, year = {2015}, language = {en} } @misc{Ott2015, author = {Ott, Holly C.}, title = {SPC at Melon Helmets, Production Problem at Melon Helmets}, year = {2015}, language = {en} } @misc{Ott2014, author = {Ott, Holly C.}, title = {Aligning Operational Incentives in Project Management}, year = {2014}, language = {en} } @misc{Ott2016, author = {Ott, Holly C.}, title = {Six-Sigma Production Process Improvement at Kopschitz Kerzen GmbH}, year = {2016}, language = {en} } @techreport{Ott2014, author = {Ott, Holly C.}, title = {Germany's Mittelstand Companies: Can Asia Share their Success?}, organization = {Human Capital Leadership Institute - HQ Asia}, year = {2014}, language = {en} } @techreport{Ott2013, author = {Ott, Holly C.}, title = {Building Foundations for Talent Development}, volume = {2013}, number = {7}, organization = {Human Capital Leadership Institute - HQ Asia}, pages = {46 -- 48}, year = {2013}, language = {en} } @incollection{Ott2013, author = {Ott, Holly C.}, title = {High-Tech Supply Chains}, series = {Managing Logistics and Supply Chain Challenges: Singapore Insights and Perspective}, booktitle = {Managing Logistics and Supply Chain Challenges: Singapore Insights and Perspective}, organization = {Singapore Logistics Association (SLA), SIM University}, publisher = {Technische Hochschule Rosenheim}, year = {2013}, language = {de} } @techreport{Ott2012, author = {Ott, Holly C.}, title = {Electronics Supply Chain Specialization: survey of electronics companies to identify critical areas in SCM specific to the electronics industry}, year = {2012}, language = {en} } @techreport{Ott2011, author = {Ott, Holly C.}, title = {Semiconductor Industry Training \& Development Survey: survey of semiconductor companies with offices in Singapore covering the entire value chain to identify gaps in existing training programs and to identify areas of interest}, year = {2011}, language = {en} } @misc{EngOttMei2020, author = {Eng, W.K. and Ott, Holly C. and Mei, C.S.}, title = {Optimising Process Flows in Dragon Fruit Jam Production}, organization = {Singapore Management University}, year = {2020}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{SladeGlobusGelmontetal.1994, author = {Slade, Holly C. and Globus, T. and Gelmont, B. and Shur, M.S. and Hack, M.}, title = {Effects of Stress on the Density of States in Amorphous Silicon TFTs}, series = {Electrochemical Society Proceedings, Thin Film Transistors II}, volume = {94}, booktitle = {Electrochemical Society Proceedings, Thin Film Transistors II}, number = {35}, pages = {207}, year = {1994}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{GlobusSladeShuretal.1994, author = {Globus, T. and Slade, Holly C. and Shur, M.S. and Hack, M.}, title = {Density of Deep Bandgap States in Amorphous Silicon from the Temperature Dependencies of Thin Film Transistor Current}, series = {Materials Research Society Proceedings, Amorphous Silicon Technology}, volume = {336}, booktitle = {Materials Research Society Proceedings, Amorphous Silicon Technology}, pages = {823}, year = {1994}, language = {en} } @article{ShurJacunskiSladeetal.1996, author = {Shur, M.S. and Jacunski, M. and Slade, Holly C. and Hack, M.}, title = {Analytical Models for Amorphous Silicon and Polysilicon TFTs for High Definition Display Technology}, series = {Journal of the Society for Information Display}, volume = {3}, journal = {Journal of the Society for Information Display}, number = {4}, pages = {223}, year = {1996}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{IniguezWangFjeldlyetal.1998, author = {Iniguez, B. and Wang, L. and Fjeldly, T. and Shur, M.S. and Slade, Holly C.}, title = {Thermal, Self-Heating and Kink Effects in a-Si:H Thin Film Transistors}, series = {IEDM Technical Digest}, booktitle = {IEDM Technical Digest}, year = {1998}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{ShurSladeYtterdaletal.1997, author = {Shur, M.S. and Slade, Holly C. and Ytterdal, T. and Wang, L. and Xu, Z. and Aflatooni, K. and Byun, Y. and Chen, Y. and Froggatt, M. and Krishnan, A. and Mei, P. and Meiling, H. and Min, B.-H. and Nathan, A. and Sherman, S. and Stewart, M. and Theiss, S.D.}, title = {Modeling and Scaling of a-Si:H and poly-Si Thin Film Transistors}, series = {Materials Research Society, Proceedings, Amorphous Silicon Technology}, booktitle = {Materials Research Society, Proceedings, Amorphous Silicon Technology}, year = {1997}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{SladeShurDeaneetal.1996, author = {Slade, Holly C. and Shur, M.S. and Deane, S.C. and Hack, M.}, title = {Physics of Below Threshold Current Distribution in a-Si:H TFTs}, series = {Materials Research Society, Proceedings, Amorphous Silicon Technology}, booktitle = {Materials Research Society, Proceedings, Amorphous Silicon Technology}, year = {1996}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{SladeShurHack1995, author = {Slade, Holly C. and Shur, M.S. and Hack, M.}, title = {Temperature and Frequency Dependent Characteristics of Amorphous Silicon Thin Film Transistors}, series = {Materials Research Society Proceedings, Amorphous Silicon Technology}, volume = {377}, booktitle = {Materials Research Society Proceedings, Amorphous Silicon Technology}, pages = {725}, year = {1995}, language = {en} } @article{SladeShurDeaneetal.1996, author = {Slade, Holly C. and Shur, M.S. and Deane, S.C. and Hack, M.}, title = {Below threshold conduction in a-Si:H thin film transistors with and without a silicon nitride passivating layer}, series = {Applied Physics Letters}, volume = {69}, journal = {Applied Physics Letters}, number = {17}, pages = {2560}, year = {1996}, abstract = {We report temperature measurements of inverted staggered amorphous silicon thin film transistor subthreshold conductance for devices with and without a top silicon nitride passivating layer. Subthreshold conductance activation energies clearly show the different conductance paths in the active layer of these devices. Transistors with no top nitride layer conduct in the bulk amorphous silicon, whereas the devices with a top nitride layer conduct at the interface between the amorphous silicon and the top nitride (a ''back'' channel). Gate bias stressing and light soaking experiments uphold the existence of the back channel. We also present two-dimensional simulations that support our interpretation of the experimental data.}, language = {en} } @article{WangFjeldlyIniguezetal.2000, author = {Wang, L. and Fjeldly, T.A. and Iniguez, B. and Slade, Holly C. and Shur, M.S.}, title = {Self-heating and kink effects in a-Si:H thin film transistors}, series = {IEEE Transactions on Electron Devices}, volume = {47}, journal = {IEEE Transactions on Electron Devices}, number = {2}, pages = {387 -- 397}, year = {2000}, abstract = {We describe a new physics based, analytical DC model accounting for short channel effects for hydrogenated amorphous silicon (a-Si:H) thin film transistors (TFT's). This model is based on the long channel device model. Two important short-channel phenomena, self-heating and kink effects, are analyzed in detail. For the self-heating effect, a thermal kinetic analysis is carried out and a physical model and an equivalent circuit are used to estimate the thermal resistance of the device. In deriving the analytical model for self-heating effect, a first order approximation and self-consistency are used to give an iteration-free model accurate for a temperature rise of up to 100/spl deg/C. In the modeling of the kink effects, a semi-empirical approach is used based on the physics involved. The combined model accurately reproduces the DC characteristics of a-Si:H TFT's with a gate length of the 4 /spl mu/m. Predictions for a-Si:H TFT's scaled down to 1 /spl mu/m are also provided. The model is suitable for use in device and circuit simulators.}, language = {en} } @article{SladeShur1998, author = {Slade, Holly C. and Shur, M.S.}, title = {Analysis of bias stress on unpassivated hydrogenated amorphous silicon thin-film transistors}, series = {IEEE Transactions on Electron Devices}, volume = {45}, journal = {IEEE Transactions on Electron Devices}, number = {7}, pages = {1548 -- 1553}, year = {1998}, abstract = {Both the subthreshold slope and the threshold voltage in inverted-staggered amorphous silicon thin-film transistors (a-Si:H TFTs) are vulnerable to metastable changes in the density of states (DOS) due to Fermi level displacement. In previous work, we have used passivated and unpassivated TFTs to distinguish between the effects of bulk states and interface states at the top passivating nitride interface. Here we report the results of experimental measurements and two-dimensional (2-D) simulations on unpassivated TFTs. Since there are no top interface states, all the observed changes are due solely to the bulk DOS. The subthreshold current activation energies in a-Si:H TFTs are compared for n-channel nonpassivated TFTs before and after bias stress. The experimental results agree well with the 2-D simulations, confirming that the dependence of subthreshold current activation energy on gate bias reveals the distribution of the DOS in energy but cannot resolve the magnitude of features in the DOS. This type of analysis is not accurate for TFTs with a top passivating nitride, since the activation energies in such devices are affected by the interfere states.}, language = {en} } @article{ShurSladeJacunskietal.1997, author = {Shur, M.S. and Slade, Holly C. and Jacunski, M.D. and Owusu, A.A. and Ytterdal, T.}, title = {SPICE Models for Amorphous Silicon and Polysilicon Thin Film Transistors}, series = {Journal of The Electrochemical Society}, volume = {144}, journal = {Journal of The Electrochemical Society}, number = {8}, pages = {2833 -- 2839}, year = {1997}, abstract = {We describe physically based analytical models for n-channel amorphous silicon thin film transistors and for n- and p-channel polysilicon thin film transistors. The models cover all regimes of transistor operation: leakage, subthreshold, above-threshold conduction, and the kink regime in polysilicon thin film transistors. The models contain a minimum number of parameters which are easily extracted and can be readily related to the structural and material properties of the thin film transistors. The models have been verified for a large number of devices to scale properly with device geometry.}, language = {en} } @article{MaderebnerGerhaherFlachetal.2017, author = {Maderebner, R. and Gerhaher, U. and Flach, M. and Hirschm{\"u}ller, Sebastian}, title = {Load carrying capacity of screwed CLT wall-ceiling joints with and without elastic supports}, series = {BAUINGENIEUR}, volume = {92}, journal = {BAUINGENIEUR}, pages = {495 -- 502}, year = {2017}, abstract = {Due to the application of elastic interlayers for acoustic decoupling, wood screws to connect timber elements are stressed beneath axial and shear loads additionally by a bending moment. The equations to calculate the load carrying capacity of wood-wood-connections according to the Eurocode 5, lose their validity in case of application of interlayers with low shear resistance. Furthermore, the increasing flexibilities of the joints should be considered for a realistic static modelling. Aim of the present work is to analyze the mechanical load bearing characteristics of wall-ceiling-connections of cross laminated timber with and without elastic interlayers. On the basis of experiments as well as analytical approaches, the load-deformation-behavior is discussed and contrasted to the current standards.}, language = {en} } @article{Werning2020, author = {Werning, Hanno}, title = {Der praktische Nutzen der Markt{\"u}berwachung f{\"u}r Bauprodukte im Geltungsbereich der BauPVO}, series = {Bauprodukte Aktuell}, volume = {2020}, journal = {Bauprodukte Aktuell}, number = {2}, editor = {Krause-Czeranka, Thomas}, publisher = {FeuerTRUTZ Network GmbH}, address = {K{\"o}ln}, pages = {6 -- 8}, year = {2020}, abstract = {Der Artikel diskutiert den praktischen Nutzen der Markt{\"u}berwachung von Bauprodukten im Geltungsbereich harmonisierter Normen unter der Bauproduktenrichtlinie. Neben formalen Aspekten kann die Markt{\"u}berwachung hier im wesentlichen sicherstellen, dass die tats{\"a}chlich vorhandenen Leistungen den erkl{\"a}rten Leistungen entsprechen. Dies entlastet den Verwender der Bauprodukte nicht von der Pr{\"u}fung, ob die erkl{\"a}rten Leistungen die Anforderungen in der konkreten Verwendung erf{\"u}llen. Es wird kurz auf vorhandene Statistiken zur Markt{\"u}berwachung von Bauprodukten eingegangen.}, language = {de} } @article{Werning2020, author = {Werning, Hanno}, title = {{\"A}nderungen der MBO zum Bauen mit Holz}, series = {FeuerTrutz Magazin}, volume = {2020}, journal = {FeuerTrutz Magazin}, number = {1}, publisher = {FeuerTRUTZ Network GmbH}, address = {K{\"o}ln}, pages = {58 -- 59}, year = {2020}, abstract = {Der Artikel beschreibt die vorgesehenen {\"A}nderungen der MBO zum Bauen mit Holz. Es ist vorgesehen, das k{\"u}nftig auch in der Geb{\"a}udeklasse 5 im Bauordnungs-Standard mit tragenden und aussteifenden Bauteilen aus brennbaren Baustoffen gebaut werden darf.}, language = {de} } @article{WerningDenklMoarcas2020, author = {Werning, Hanno and Denkl, Maximilian and Moarcas, Odette}, title = {Hintergr{\"u}nde zum Nachweis des Glimmverhaltens}, series = {FeuerTrutz Magazin}, volume = {2020}, journal = {FeuerTrutz Magazin}, number = {1}, publisher = {FeuerTRUTZ Network GmbH}, address = {K{\"o}ln}, pages = {28 -- 32}, year = {2020}, abstract = {Der Artikel beschreibt die Hintergr{\"u}nde zum Nachweis des Glimmverhaltens f{\"u}r bestimmte Bauprodukte. Der Artikel ist eine gek{\"u}rzte und stellenweise aktualisierte Fassung des Beitrages in Bauphysik 41 Heft 2, Seite 79-85}, language = {de} } @article{Werning2020, author = {Werning, Hanno}, title = {{\"A}nderungen der MBO zum Bauen mit Holz}, series = {Bauprodukte Aktuell}, volume = {2020}, journal = {Bauprodukte Aktuell}, number = {1}, editor = {Krause-Czeranka, Thomas}, publisher = {FeuerTRUTZ Network GmbH}, address = {K{\"o}ln}, issn = {2511-7807}, pages = {7 -- 8}, year = {2020}, abstract = {Der Artikel berichtet {\"u}ber die geplanten {\"A}nderungen der Musterbauordnung vom Sommer 2019. Diese sehen vor, dass k{\"u}nftig auch in Geb{\"a}udeklasse 5 im Bauordnungs-Standard mit tragenden Bauteilen aus brennbaren Baustoffen gebaut werden darf. (Auch an anderem Ort publiziert und online verf{\"u}gbar)}, language = {de} } @article{Werning2020, author = {Werning, Hanno}, title = {Studie zur Bewertung der Rauchgastoxikologie von Bauprodukten}, series = {Bauprodukte Aktuell}, volume = {2020}, journal = {Bauprodukte Aktuell}, number = {1}, editor = {Krause-Czeranka, Thomas}, publisher = {FeuerTRUTZ Network GmbH}, address = {K{\"o}ln}, issn = {2511-7807}, pages = {6 -- 6}, year = {2020}, abstract = {Der Artikel berichtet kurz {\"u}ber eine im Auftrag der EU-Kommission durchgef{\"u}hrten Studie zur Notwendigkeit einer Bewertung der Rauchgastoxizit{\"a}t von Bauprodukten auf europ{\"a}ischer Ebene.}, language = {de} } @article{Werning2019, author = {Werning, Hanno}, title = {„Konsequente und durchgehende Festlegung von verwendungsspezifischen Anforderungen" f{\"u}r Bauprodukte?}, series = {Bauprodukte Aktuell}, volume = {2019}, journal = {Bauprodukte Aktuell}, number = {7}, editor = {Krause-Czeranka, Thomas}, publisher = {FeuerTRUTZ Network GmbH}, address = {K{\"o}ln}, pages = {1 -- 2}, year = {2019}, abstract = {Verschiedene Verb{\"a}nde fordern in einer Stellungnahme eine „konsequente und durchgehende Festlegung von verwendungsspezifischen Anforderungen" f{\"u}r Bauprodukte. Der Artikel diskutiert, ob und wie dies vor dem Hintergrund des nationalen Bauordnungsrechtes in Kombination mit der europ{\"a}ischen Bauproduktenverordnung m{\"o}glich und sinnvoll ist.}, language = {de} } @article{WerningKrauseCzeranka2019, author = {Werning, Hanno and Krause-Czeranka, Thomas}, title = {Klarstellungen zum Bauproduktenrecht vor dem Hintergrund der laufenden Bauordnungs-Reformen}, series = {Bauwirtschaft}, volume = {2019}, journal = {Bauwirtschaft}, number = {3}, editor = {Sundermeier, Matthias and Meinen, Heiko}, publisher = {Werner Verlag}, address = {K{\"o}ln}, issn = {2509-8594}, pages = {165 -- 174}, year = {2019}, abstract = {Der Beitrag stellt verschiedene Aussagen rund um die Reform des Bauproduktenrechtes in Deutschland seit MBO 2002, Ausgabe Mai 2016, ins richtige Licht. Es gibt in zahlreichen Beitr{\"a}gen teilweise verwirrende oder sogar irrt{\"u}mliche Aussagen zu den betreffenden {\"A}nderungen, diese werden hier jeweils mit Quellenbezug diskutiert.}, language = {de} } @article{Werning2019, author = {Werning, Hanno}, title = {Reformstau bei harmonisierten Normen f{\"u}r Bauprodukte}, series = {Bauprodukte Aktuell}, volume = {2019}, journal = {Bauprodukte Aktuell}, number = {6}, editor = {Krause-Czeranka, Thomas}, publisher = {FeuerTRUTZ Network GmbH}, address = {K{\"o}ln}, pages = {1 -- 3}, year = {2019}, abstract = {Der Beitrag diskutiert Ursachen und Hintergr{\"u}nde des Reformstaus bei harmonisierten Normen f{\"u}r Bauprodukte nach der europ{\"a}ischen Bauproduktenverordnung. F{\"u}r Zahlreiche Produktnormen sind von der europ{\"a}ischen Normungsorganisation CEN neuere Fassungen erschienen, diese werden jedoch aus verschiedenen Gr{\"u}nden nicht in die Liste der f{\"u}r die CE-Kennzeichnung maßgeblichen Listen harmonisierter Normen im Amtsblatt der EU {\"u}bernommen.}, language = {de} } @article{Werning2019, author = {Werning, Hanno}, title = {Die „vollst{\"a}ndige" Leistungserkl{\"a}rung - Was sie bringt und was sie nicht bringt}, series = {Bauprodukte Aktuell}, volume = {2019}, journal = {Bauprodukte Aktuell}, number = {5}, editor = {Krause-Czeranka, Thomas}, publisher = {FeuerTRUTZ Network GmbH}, address = {K{\"o}ln}, pages = {1 -- 2}, year = {2019}, abstract = {Der Beitrag besch{\"a}ftigt sich mit den Folgen der Verpflichtung zu einer vollst{\"a}ndigen Leistungserkl{\"a}rung f{\"u}r Bauprodukte im Anwendungsbereich der Bauproduktenverordnung.}, language = {de} } @article{Werning2019, author = {Werning, Hanno}, title = {Werkm{\"a}ßig hergestellte W{\"a}rmed{\"a}mmstoffe f{\"u}r Geb{\"a}ude; Ein Wegweiser durch die formalen Regelungen - von der materiellen Anforderung bis zur Leistungserkl{\"a}rung mit den wesentlichen Merkmalen}, series = {Bauprodukte Aktuell}, volume = {2019}, journal = {Bauprodukte Aktuell}, number = {4}, editor = {Krause-Czeranka, Thomas}, publisher = {FeuerTRUTZ Network GmbH}, address = {K{\"o}ln}, pages = {2 -- 12}, year = {2019}, abstract = {Der Beitrag zeigt die bauordnungsrechtlichen Anforderungen allgemein und speziell hinsichtlich des Brandschutzes an werkm{\"a}ßig hergestellte D{\"a}mmstoffe (schwerpunktm{\"a}ßig D{\"a}mmstoffe aus Mineralwolle, aber nicht ausschließlich) auf. Dazu werden formalen Randbedingungen f{\"u}r die Nachweisf{\"u}hrung bei diesen nach der EU-Bauprodukte-Verordnung CE-gekennzeichneten Produkten dargestellt.}, language = {de} } @phdthesis{Hirschmueller2019, author = {Hirschm{\"u}ller, Sebastian}, title = {Beech circular hollow laminated veneer lumber sections for temporary soil nailing applications}, school = {Technische Hochschule Rosenheim}, year = {2019}, abstract = {Beech Laminated Veneer Lumber (LVL) circular hollow sections for use as temporary geotechnical soil nailing systems are developed within this thesis. Due to their permanent subsoil cement embedment, combined with high water saturation and permanent loading, the timber sections will lose strength and stiffness over time. Taking into account a duration of load factor for permanent loading of two years, it is recommended to reduce the short term tensile and bending strength of beech circular hollow sections to be used as geotechnical soil nails by 80\%. In addition to the determination of material properties on small, clear specimens and full-sized cross-sections, an appropriate surface gluing quality between the veneers is fundamental to this subsoil application of the permanently cement-embedded, engineered timber product. The circular cross-section geometry and the permanently high-alkaline environment of the structural member is not covered by presently standardised testing and conditioning methods for examining LVL surface bond line quality. Standardised test methods had to be modified to determine bonding parameters for the circular, hollow LVL sections. As cement grout ensures the bond between the wooden nails and soil for the mobilisation of a soil reinforcement effect, a reliable connection between cement and wood is required. However, soluble wood constituents may inhibit cement hydration in the contact surface between the timber nails and cement. Pull-off tests on clear LVL specimens with different cement and wood surface modifications as well as the results of large-scale push-out tests are therefore presented. But to permanently ensure the contact between the wood and cement, a high degree of saturation above wood fibre saturation is necessary to keep the hollow sections in a swollen state without moisture-dependent wood shrinking. As no publications of wood moisture development in subsoil were available, long-term tests were performed, measuring the moisture content of subsoil-stored LVL in dependence on the soil moisture content, the suction and the precipitation during a time span of one year. Besides a negative cement influence on the material strength, a positive effect of cement coating on subsoil fungal destruction was realised, resulting in a significantly increased lifetime of cement-coated wood compared to uncoated wood. For temporary soil nailing applications, fungal wood deterioration was found to be of minor importance. But the reduced material strength due to a severe alkaline attack of wood demands a re-consideration of current soil nailing design methods, usually based on a mechanical limit equilibrium analysis of a rigid body motion where just tensile forces of the reinforcement elements are considered, and accompanying forces like bending moments and shear forces are neglected. Distributed fibre optic strain measurements of a steel-reinforced soil nail wall during a time span of six weeks reveal considerable nail curvatures, which are negligible in the case of ductile soil nails with low diameters, but are a significant factor for beech circular hollow laminated veneer lumber sections of larger diameters and brittle material behaviour.}, language = {en} } @article{WerningDenklMoarcas2019, author = {Werning, Hanno and Denkl, Maximilian and Moarcas, Odette}, title = {Hintergr{\"u}nde zum Nachweis des Glimmverhaltens f{\"u}r bestimmte Baustoffe}, series = {Bauphysik}, volume = {41}, journal = {Bauphysik}, number = {2}, publisher = {Ernst \& Sohn}, address = {Berlin}, pages = {79 -- 85}, year = {2019}, abstract = {Der Beitrag erl{\"a}utert die Hintergr{\"u}nde des f{\"u}r einige Bauprodukte in Deutschland geforderten Nachweises, dass sie nicht glimmen und beschreibt die aktuelle rechtliche Situation. Er stellt das europ{\"a}ische Pr{\"u}fverfahren EN 16733 kurz vor und legt die Folgen f{\"u}r Planer und Verwender der Bauprodukte dar. Schließlich wird ein Ausblick auf die zu erwartenden zuk{\"u}nftigen Entwicklungen gegeben.}, language = {de} } @article{Werning2019, author = {Werning, Hanno}, title = {Anforderungen an Bauprodukte - nicht nur im Brandschutz}, series = {Bauprodukte Aktuell}, volume = {2019}, journal = {Bauprodukte Aktuell}, number = {3}, editor = {Krause-Czeranka, Thomas}, publisher = {FeuerTRUTZ Network GmbH}, address = {K{\"o}ln}, pages = {4 -- 6}, year = {2019}, abstract = {Diskussionen um bauordnungsrechtliche Anforderungen bei nach Bauprodukteverordnung CE-gekennzeichneten Bauprodukten konzentriert sich h{\"a}ufig auf Fragen des Brandschutzes. Der Beitrag zeigt auf, wie auch die anderen Grundanforderungen an Bauwerke ("BWR" oder "BRCW") in den deutschen Landesbauordnungen und der Verwaltungsvorschrift technische Baubestimmungen konkretisiert werden. Die einzelnen BWR werden diskutiert und - wo m{\"o}glich - mit einfachen Beispielen erl{\"a}utert.}, language = {de} } @article{Werning2019, author = {Werning, Hanno}, title = {Entwurf MVV TB 2019 erschienen - {\"U}berblick der {\"A}nderungen}, series = {Bauprodukte Aktuell}, volume = {2019}, journal = {Bauprodukte Aktuell}, number = {2}, editor = {Krause-Czeranka, Thomas}, publisher = {FeuerTRUTZ Network GmbH}, address = {K{\"o}ln}, pages = {1 -- 1}, year = {2019}, abstract = {Der Beitrag gibt einen kurzen {\"U}berblick {\"u}ber die im Dezember 2018 bekannt gegebenen geplanten {\"A}nderungen der Muster-Verwaltungsvorschrift Technische Baubestimmungen f{\"u}r eine Neufassung 2019.}, language = {de} } @article{Werning2019, author = {Werning, Hanno}, title = {Der "Bausatz", das unbekannte Wesen}, series = {Bauprodukte Aktuell}, volume = {2019}, journal = {Bauprodukte Aktuell}, number = {1}, editor = {Krause-Czeranka, Thomas}, publisher = {FeuerTRUTZ Network GmbH}, address = {K{\"o}ln}, pages = {1 -- 4}, year = {2019}, abstract = {Der Beitrag erl{\"a}utert das Konzept der Baus{\"a}tze nach Bauproduktenverordnung (BauPVO), einer Sonderform der Bauprodukte. Es werden offene Fragen zum Bausatz diskutiert und das Verh{\"a}ltnis des nach BauPVO definierten Bausatzes zur nach den deutschen Bauordnungen definierten definierten Bauarten behandelt.}, language = {de} } @article{HirschmuellerPravidaMarteetal.2019, author = {Hirschm{\"u}ller, Sebastian and Pravida, Johann and Marte, Roman and Flach, Michael}, title = {Long-term material properties of circular hollow laminated veneer lumber sections under water saturation and cement alkaline attack}, series = {Wood Material Science and Engineering}, volume = {14}, journal = {Wood Material Science and Engineering}, number = {3}, pages = {142 -- 156}, year = {2019}, abstract = {Innovative beech laminated veneer lumber (LVL) circular hollow sections for the use as temporary geotechnical soil nailing systems are currently being developed. Due to the permanent subsoil cement embedment, combined with high water saturation and permanent loading, the timber sections will lose strength and stiffness over time to a degree currently unknown. This paper presents the tensile and bending material properties of flat and curved beech LVL under various periods of immersion in a water-cement grout solution aiming at inducing both water saturation and long-term alkaline attack of the timber. In total, 824 and 279 samples were tested in tension and bending, respectively. Results show that samples manufactured from 3 mm thick veneers result in tensile strength and stiffness 17\% and 24\% higher, respectively, than samples manufactured from 2 mm thick veneers. A reduction in the initial bending and tensile strength of up to 70\% was found after 90 days of water saturation and cement contact. Taking into account a duration of load factor for permanent loading of two years, it is recommended to reduce the short-term tensile and bending strength of beech circular hollow sections to be used as geotechnical anchors by 80\%.}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{MonsbergerLienhartMarteetal.2018, author = {Monsberger, Christoph and Lienhart, Werner and Marte, Roman and Hirschm{\"u}ller, Sebastian}, title = {Monitoring of soil nailed slope stabilizations using distributed fiber optic sensing}, series = {Sensors and Smart Structures Technologies for Civil, Mechanical, and Aerospace Systems 2018}, volume = {10598}, booktitle = {Sensors and Smart Structures Technologies for Civil, Mechanical, and Aerospace Systems 2018}, editor = {Sohn, Hoon}, doi = {10.1117/12.2296674}, year = {2018}, abstract = {Soil nailing systems are a common way to stabilize slopes and construction pits. Their design is usually based on the mechanical equilibrium of a rigid body motion and therefore, only tensile stresses are considered and accompanying forces like bending (shear stresses) in the soil nails are neglected. Continuous strain measurements along nails could verify this assumption, but may not be performed using conventional sensing technologies. This paper reports about monitoring of a soil nailed slope stabilization using distributed fiber optic sensing. Soil nails in different anchoring horizons were instrumented and autonomously monitored over several weeks, in which the construction pit was excavated continuously. After the excavation, the final load bearing capacity of one selected nail was determined within a classical geotechnical load test. In addition to the field measurements, the bending behavior of the instrumented nail system was analyzed under laboratory conditions. The presented studies demonstrate the high potential of distributed fiber optic sensing systems and their capability to extend traditional measurement methods in foundation engineering applications.}, language = {en} } @article{HirschmuellerPravidaMarteetal.2018, author = {Hirschm{\"u}ller, Sebastian and Pravida, Johann and Marte, Roman and Flach, Michael}, title = {Adhesive properties of laminated veneer lumber poles for use in temporary soil nailing: development and evaluation of a test method for curved structures in a high-alkaline environment}, series = {Wood Science and Technology}, volume = {52}, journal = {Wood Science and Technology}, number = {4}, editor = {Springer,}, pages = {1061 -- 1092}, year = {2018}, abstract = {Innovative circular, hollow, laminated veneer lumber (LVL) beech sections for use as temporary geotechnical soil reinforcement members are currently being developed. Appropriate surface gluing quality between the veneers is fundamental to this subsoil application of the permanently cement-embedded, engineered timber product. The circular cross-section geometry and the permanently high-alkaline environment of the structural member is not covered by presently standardized testing and conditioning methods for examining LVL surface bond line quality. The sample conditioning and tensile shear test method compliant with EN 302-1 (Adhesives for load-bearing timber structures—test methods—part 1: determination of longitudinal tensile shear strength, European Committee for Standardization, Brussels, 2013) was modified to determine bonding parameters for circular, hollow LVL sections. Bond line curvature, groove cutting depth and sample geometry were found to greatly influence stress distribution, percentage of wood failure and tensile shear strength. Short-term alkaline treatment of test samples did not significantly influence the bonding performance, wood failure percentage, tensile shear strength and fracture patterns. To improve tensile shear strength, adhesives with different material rigidities were used and compared. An orthotropic, elastic numerical analysis revealed a greater influence of adherent elasticity than adhesive elasticity on the stress distribution within the bond line. With regard to determining the bond line integrity of curved veneer poles, a sample geometry compliant with EN 302-1 (2013) was developed and numerically evaluated.}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{HirschmuellerMartePravida2016, author = {Hirschm{\"u}ller, Sebastian and Marte, Roman and Pravida, Johann}, title = {Laminated veneer lumber poles for temporary soil nailing - investigation of material properties}, series = {Proceedings of the World Conference on Timber Engineering. World Conference on Timber Engineering. Vienna, 22.-25.08. Vienna}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the World Conference on Timber Engineering. World Conference on Timber Engineering. Vienna, 22.-25.08. Vienna}, editor = {Eberhardsteiner, Josef and Winter, Wolfgang and Fadai, A. and P{\"o}ll, Martha}, year = {2016}, abstract = {Within a current research project at Rosenheim University of Applied Sciences and Graz University of Technology the possibilities of using beech wood laminated veneer lumber poles as soil anchors for temporary soil nailing systems are investigated. Therefore tensile and bending properties of laminated veneers with high moisture and permanent cement contact concerning the influence of veneer bending rectangular to the fibre are determined. For investigation of material properties under different climate conditions tensile tests on small and faultless single beech wood veneers as well as tensile tests on 6 layered 3 mm samples and 9 layered 2 mm samples were carried out. Therefore all samples were stored in extreme climate conditions like high moisture content and permanent cement contact. Six layered samples with 3mm thick veneers show a slightly higher strength and stiffness under dry conditions as well as at a moisture content of the samples above fibre saturation. A strength reduction factor concerning temporary geotechnical applications is suggested which considers the influence of long term loading, veneer bending, water saturation and cement destruction on tensile properties of laminated veneer lumber poles.}, language = {en} } @article{HirschmuellerMartePravidaetal.2018, author = {Hirschm{\"u}ller, Sebastian and Marte, Roman and Pravida, Johann and Flach, Michael}, title = {Inhibited wood degradation of cement-coated beech Laminated Veneer Lumber (LVL) for temporary in-ground applications.}, series = {European Journal of Wood and Wood Products}, volume = {76}, journal = {European Journal of Wood and Wood Products}, number = {5}, editor = {Springer,}, pages = {1483 -- 1494}, year = {2018}, abstract = {This paper investigates the long-term tensile properties of laminated veneer lumber (LVL) beech sections coated with cement and exposed to fungal decay. A set of LVL coupon (dog-bone) samples was stored in compost, tested in tension after 6 and 12 months and compared to reference samples stored at 20 °C and 65\% relative humidity. Results showed that after 26 weeks of compost exposure, a fungus of the Ascomycota genus was identified in cement-coated samples using a molecular biology polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technique, which analyses the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region of the ribosomal DNA. However, no visual deterioration was noticed. Still in cement-covered samples and after 12 months of exposure, a common white rot fungus was determined by DNA chip technology, but no fungal wood decay was visible in areas where the applied coating had a thickness of at least 5 mm. Decay in uncoated LVL samples was significant with the samples having an average residual strength equal to 7\%. This compares to the tensile strength of coated samples, which only decreased by 65\% relative to the reference samples. Strength and stiffness of coated samples did not differ significantly between 6 and 12 months of exposure. Preliminary investigations tend to show that the strength reduction in cement-coated samples is due to an alkaline degradation of the wood. The observed influence of the coating thickness on the visual fungal decay can probably be ascribed to the protection mechanism due to a physical fungal barrier with a high pH.}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{HirschmuellerPravidaMarteetal.2016, author = {Hirschm{\"u}ller, Sebastian and Pravida, Johann and Marte, Roman and Flach, Michael}, title = {Laminated veneer lumber poles for use in temporary soil nailing. Investigation of adhesive properties.}, series = {Holzbau Forschung und Praxis. 6. Doktorandenkolloqium 2016}, booktitle = {Holzbau Forschung und Praxis. 6. Doktorandenkolloqium 2016}, editor = {Universit{\"a}t Stuttgart,}, year = {2016}, abstract = {Within a current research-project the possibility of using laminated veneer lumber beech wood poles as temporary soil anchors in foundation engineering is investigated. Within this project adhesive properties of laminated veneer lumber beech wood poles are determined. For use in temporary ground applications the influence of veneer bending, veneer thickness and intensive cement contact is concerned. As standard version two different adhesive systemsmelamine formaldehyde resin (MUF) and a 1-component polyurethane adhesive (PUR) were investigated and compared. Melamine formaldehyde resin glued samples with 3 mm thick veneers and 1.0N/mm² press force show a higher tensile shear strength but also a higher adhesive failure percentage than polyurethane glued samples. In case of melamine formaldehyde resins the closed time has a great influence on bond line quality. A long closed time reveals a low penetration of adhesive in the cells and a low embedding on the wood surface. For curved structures best results were achieved with a bonding pressure of 1.0 N/mm². A significant difference in strength between the concerned MUF and PUR adhesive system was not recognized.}, language = {en} } @article{HirschmuellerPravidaMarteetal.2018, author = {Hirschm{\"u}ller, Sebastian and Pravida, Johann and Marte, Roman and Flach, Michael}, title = {Adhesive properties of laminated veneer lumber poles for use in temporary soil nailing: bonding performance of curved structures in a high-alkaline environment}, series = {Wood Science and Technology}, volume = {52}, journal = {Wood Science and Technology}, number = {5}, editor = {Springer,}, pages = {1289 -- 1311}, year = {2018}, abstract = {Circular hollow sections of beech-laminated veneer lumber (LVL) for the use as temporary geotechnical soil nailing systems are currently being developed. Due to their permanent subsoil cement embedment, investigations of the bond line quality of the timber sections are essential. This paper presents the bonding properties of flat and curved beech LVL after cyclic conditioning in a water-cement grout solution aimed at inducing short- and long-term alkaline attack of the timber. In total, 409 and 69 samples were tested in tensile shear tests after short-term and long-term conditioning, respectively. Three different adhesive systems, a one-component polyurethane adhesive, a melamine-urea-formaldehyde adhesive and a melamine-urea-formaldehyde adhesive modified by means of (polyvinyl)-acetate adhesive were investigated and compared. Short-term conditioning by submersion in boiling cement suspension was found to be a reliable method for testing the bonding performance rather than long-term conditioning. In the case of tensile shear tests of samples subjected to long-term treatment, wood material strength was the decisive criterion. Generally, tensile shear test samples of all investigated adhesives achieved reliable bonding for a pressing force up to 1.0 MPa. No relationship was recognised between the determined bonding failure and the wood properties tensile shear strength, wood failure percentage, fracture pattern and bulk density of veneers adjacent to the bond line. For the determination of the bond line integrity of curved veneer poles, it was necessary to test bonding quality in a combined test using curved and flat samples and to compare tensile shear strength with data determined on reference samples in the same veneer population without bond line.}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{SchikoraEierle1998, author = {Schikora, Karl and Eierle, Benno}, title = {Ebene und r{\"a}umliche Finite-Element-Berechnungen}, series = {Vortrag beim 10. SOFiSTiK Anwender Seminar 1997. Erschienen in: Software f{\"u}r Statik und Konstruktion. Berichte vom 9. und 10. SOFiSTiK Anwender Seminar}, booktitle = {Vortrag beim 10. SOFiSTiK Anwender Seminar 1997. Erschienen in: Software f{\"u}r Statik und Konstruktion. Berichte vom 9. und 10. SOFiSTiK Anwender Seminar}, editor = {Katz, C. and Protopsaltis, B.}, publisher = {Balkema-Verlag}, address = {Rotterdam}, year = {1998}, language = {de} } @inproceedings{EierleSchikora1999, author = {Eierle, Benno and Schikora, Karl}, title = {Computational Viscoelasticity for Aging Materials}, series = {Tagungsband ECCM 1999, M{\"u}nchen}, booktitle = {Tagungsband ECCM 1999, M{\"u}nchen}, year = {1999}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{SchikoraBretzEierle1999, author = {Schikora, Karl and Bretz, H. and Eierle, Benno}, title = {Technisch-wirtschaftlicher Vergleich von Spießschirmsicherungen am Beispiel des Tunnels Farchant}, series = {Vortrag auf der STUVA-Tagung 1999}, booktitle = {Vortrag auf der STUVA-Tagung 1999}, year = {1999}, language = {de} } @article{Werning2018, author = {Werning, Hanno}, title = {Der Grundgedanke des europ{\"a}ischen Bauproduktenrechts - Folgen f{\"u}r Planer und Verwender}, series = {Bauprodukte Aktuell}, volume = {2018}, journal = {Bauprodukte Aktuell}, number = {07/2018}, editor = {Krause-Czeranka, Thomas}, publisher = {FeuerTRUTZ Network GmbH}, address = {K{\"o}ln}, pages = {6 -- 11}, year = {2018}, abstract = {Der Beitrag stellt den Grundgedanken des europ{\"a}ischen Bauproduktenrechtes dar. Dieses zielt mit der Bauprodukteverordnung (EU 305/2011) auf eine europaweit einheitliche Angabe von Leistungen von Bauprodukten hinsichtlich ihrer wesentlichen Merkmale. Das CE-Zeichen auf Bauprodukten hat dadurch eine ganz andere Bedeutung als CE-Zeichen nach anderen EU-Richtlinien. Denn es werden (abgesehen von Schwellenwerten) keine konkreten Anforderungen an die Leistungen von Bauprodukten gestellt. Deswegen m{\"u}ssen Bauwerks-Planer im Planungsprozess die Bauwerks-Anforderungen in Anforderungen an die Bauteile und Anforderungen an die Bauprodukte "{\"u}bersetzen". Diese sollten nach den wesentlichen Merkmalen formuliert werden. Die Verwender der Produkte m{\"u}ssen Produkte ausw{\"a}hlen, deren Leistungen den Anforderungen entspricht.}, language = {de} }