@inproceedings{ZellerHoefigSchwinn2017, author = {Zeller, Marc and H{\"o}fig, Kai and Schwinn, Jean-Pascal}, title = {ArChes—Automatic generation of component fault trees from continuous function charts}, series = {2017 IEEE 15th International Conference on Industrial Informatics (INDIN), July 2017, Emden, Germany.}, booktitle = {2017 IEEE 15th International Conference on Industrial Informatics (INDIN), July 2017, Emden, Germany.}, year = {2017}, abstract = {The growing size and complexity of software in embedded systems poses new challenges to the safety assessment of embedded control systems. In industrial practice, the control software is mostly treated as a black box during the system's safety analysis. The appropriate representation of the failure propagation of the software is a pressing need in order to increase the accuracy of safety analyses. However, it also increase the effort for creating and maintaining the safety analysis models (such as fault trees) significantly. In this work, we present a method to automatically generate Component Fault Trees from Continuous Function Charts. This method aims at generating the failure propagation model of the detailed software specification. Hence, control software can be included into safety analyses without additional manual effort required to construct the safety analysis models of the software. Moreover, safety analyses created during early system specification phases can be verified by comparing it with the automatically generated one in the detailed specification phased.}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{ZellerHoefig2016, author = {Zeller, Marc and H{\"o}fig, Kai}, title = {INSiDER: Incorporation of system and safety analysis models using a dedicated reference model}, series = {2016 Annual Reliability and Maintainability Symposium (RAMS)}, booktitle = {2016 Annual Reliability and Maintainability Symposium (RAMS)}, pages = {1 -- 6}, year = {2016}, abstract = {In order to enable model-based, iterative design of safety-relevant systems, an efficient incorporation of safety and system engineering is a pressing need. Our approach interconnects system design and safety analysis models efficiently using a dedicated reference model. Since all information are available in a structured way, traceability between the model elements and consistency checks enable automated synchronization to guarantee that information within both kind of models are consistent during the development life-cycle.}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{MoehrleZellerHoefigetal.2016, author = {M{\"o}hrle, Felix and Zeller, Marc and H{\"o}fig, Kai and Rothfelder, Martin and Liggesmeyer, Peter}, title = {Automating compositional safety analysis using a failure type taxonomy for component fault trees}, series = {Risk, Reliability and Safety: Innovating Theory and Practice: Proc. of ESREL}, booktitle = {Risk, Reliability and Safety: Innovating Theory and Practice: Proc. of ESREL}, pages = {1380 -- 1387}, year = {2016}, abstract = {Safety assurance is a major challenge in the design of today's complex embedded systems and future Cyber-physical systems. Changes in a system's architectural design invalidate former safety analyses and require a manual adaptation of related safety analysis models in order to restore consistency. In this work, we present an approach for automating the compositional assembly of Component Fault Trees by automatically generating mappings between their input and output failure modes. Therefore, we propose a taxonomy of failure types for annotating model elements and deriving a model of the failure propagation. This way, automatic and system-wide safety analyses can be executed and easily repeated after making modifications to the system's architecture. We demonstrate the feasibility of our approach using an example ethylene vaporization unit from an industrial domain.}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{MoehrleBizikZelleretal.2017, author = {M{\"o}hrle, Felix and Bizik, Kai and Zeller, Marc and H{\"o}fig, Kai and Rothfelder, Martin and Liggesmeyer, Peter}, title = {A Formal Approach for Automating Compositional Safety Analysis Using Flow Type Annotations In Component Fault Trees}, series = {Proceedings of the 27th European Safety and Reliability Conference (ESREL): Safety and Reliability - Theory and Applications., Portorož, Slovenia: Taylor \& Francis (CRC Press).}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 27th European Safety and Reliability Conference (ESREL): Safety and Reliability - Theory and Applications., Portorož, Slovenia: Taylor \& Francis (CRC Press).}, year = {2017}, abstract = {Safety assurance is a major challenge in the design of modern embedded systems that has become increasingly difficult in recent years. Growing system sizes and the rise of Cyber-Physical systems confront safety engineers with large sets of configurations to be analyzed. Current approaches are usually carried out at design time and do not address the need for automated assessments in the field. With Component Fault Trees (CFTs) there exists a component-based methodology that enables an efficient modular composition of safety artifacts. The combined model is a system-level CFT that can be analyzed by means of popular Fault Tree Analysis techniques that are widely accepted in the industry. However, when composing models, their interfacing elements must be connected manually which impedes the automation of the procedure. In this work, we introduce the notion of flow types that represent a particular kind of component interaction and define a taxonomy of related failure behavior. By annotating CFTs with types, a machine-readable vocabulary is provided that allows for an automated interconnection of their interfaces. This way, the automatic composition of models according to system architecture is enabled, allowing for automated safety assessments on system-level. We demonstrate the feasibility of our approach using an example ethylene vaporization unit.}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{JungJedlitschkaHoefigetal.2013, author = {Jung, Jessica and Jedlitschka, Andreas and H{\"o}fig, Kai and Domis, Dominik and Hiller, Martin}, title = {A controlled experiment on component fault trees}, series = {International Conference on Computer Safety, Reliability, and Security (SAFECOMP 2013)}, booktitle = {International Conference on Computer Safety, Reliability, and Security (SAFECOMP 2013)}, publisher = {Springer}, address = {Berlin, Heidelberg}, pages = {285 -- 292}, year = {2013}, abstract = {In safety analysis for safety-critical embedded systems, methods such as FMEA and fault trees (FT) are strongly established in practice. However, the current shift towards model-based development has resulted in various new safety analysis methods, such as Component Integrated Fault Trees (CFT). Industry demands to know the benefits of these new methods. To compare CFT to FT, we conducted a controlled experiment in which 18 participants from industry and academia had to apply each method to safety modeling tasks from the avionics domain. Although the analysis of the solutions showed that the use of CFT did not yield a significantly different number of correct or incorrect solutions, the participants subjectively rated the modeling capacities of CFT significantly higher in terms of model consistency, clarity, and maintainability. The results are promising for the potential of CFT as a model-based approach.}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{JungHoefigDomisetal.2013, author = {Jung, Jessica and H{\"o}fig, Kai and Domis, Dominik and Jedlitschka, Andreas and Hiller, Martin}, title = {Experimental comparison of two safety analysis methods and its replication}, series = {2013 ACM / IEEE International Symposium on Empirical Software Engineering and Measurement, December 2013, Baltimore, MD, USA.}, booktitle = {2013 ACM / IEEE International Symposium on Empirical Software Engineering and Measurement, December 2013, Baltimore, MD, USA.}, isbn = {978-0-7695-5056-5}, pages = {223 -- 232}, year = {2013}, abstract = {(Background) Empirical Software Engineering (SE) strives to provide empirical evidence about the pros and cons of SE approaches. This kind of knowledge becomes relevant when the issue is whether to change from a currently employed approach to a new one or not. An informed decision is required and is particularly important in the development of safety-critical systems. For example, for the safety analysis of safety-critical embedded systems, methods such as Failure Mode and Effect Analysis (FMEA) and Fault Tree Analysis (FTA) are used. With the advent of model-based systems and software development, the question arises whether safety engineering methods should also be adopted. New technologies such as Component Integrated Fault Trees (CFT) come into play. Industry demands to know the benefits of these new methods over established ones such as Fault Trees (FT). (Methods) For the purpose of comparing CFT and FT with regard to the capabilities of the safety analysis methods (such as quality of the results) and to the participants' rating of the consistency, clarity, and maintainability of the methods, we designed a comparative study as a controlled experiment using a within-subject design. The experiment was run with seven academic staff members working towards their PhD. The study was replicated with eleven domain experts from industry. (Results) Although the analysis of the tasks' solutions showed that the use of CFT did not yield a significantly different number of correct or incorrect solutions, the participants rated the modeling capacities of CFT higher in terms of model consistency, clarity, and maintainability. (Conclusion) From this first evidence, we conclude that CFT have the potential of being beneficial for companies looking for a safety analysis approachfor projects using model-based development.}, language = {en} }