@techreport{SiglFleischmannCardonetal.2023, type = {Working Paper}, author = {Sigl, Anna-Lena and Fleischmann, Carolin and Cardon, Peter and Aritz, Jolanta and Koße, Tamara}, title = {Speech-to-text technology for global virtual teams: A SWOT analysis}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:861-opus4-23270}, pages = {13}, year = {2023}, abstract = {Virtual team meetings are increasingly supported with advanced technology. This study investigates the extent to which Al-enabled speech technology can be useful for global virtual teams (GVT). A survey was conducted in GVTs in 2020 and 2021, when people's lives were primarily dominated by the pandemic. A transcription software was used to support the collaboration. A total of 530 survey responses were analyzed using a structured approach- qualitative content analysis. The data was structured using the SWOT framework that aimed at comprehensively answering the research question "To what extent is the use of Al-supported speech technology in GVTs useful?". Al-generated transcripts are helping to overcome language and time zone barriers in GVT. Yet, they also cause misunderstandings and impact openness of communication. Further results and implications for GVT are discussed.}, language = {en} } @techreport{Sedefoğlu2023, type = {Working Paper}, author = {Sedefoğlu, G{\"u}l{\c{s}}ah}, title = {Past and current trends in defining and measuring poverty in the EU}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:861-opus4-23011}, pages = {9}, year = {2023}, abstract = {In this research, we discuss the past and current trends in defining poverty to look at the topic from different perspectives and to provide an outline of future work that we aim to complete the picture on the qualitative and quantitative side. For this purpose, our focus here is to evaluate the diversity of definitions and to emphasize how important it is to combine subjective and objective approaches for practical policy analysis. As a first step of our future work, we also present the pilot study results to assess the results comparatively in the EU states and T{\"u}rkiye.}, language = {en} } @techreport{Seidlmeier2023, type = {Working Paper}, author = {Seidlmeier, Heinrich}, title = {Theory of Networks and Processes - A First Foundation of Process Networks}, series = {Rosenheim Papers in Applied Economics and Business Sciences}, journal = {Rosenheim Papers in Applied Economics and Business Sciences}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:861-opus4-22127}, pages = {9}, year = {2023}, abstract = {The impulse to think about process-induced social networks (in short: process networks) comes from the discipline of "Process Mining" (e.g. van der Aalst et al. 2005). The relevant literature refers to an "organizational view" or "organizational mining" in process mining. In essence, process mining is about creating a time-logical chain of related tasks from automatically logged user activities on a computer. In this way, real processes can be mapped and analyzed as models. As a "by-product", task-related social networks are created between the process participants through the predecessor/successor relationships in the workflow. However, it should be noted and criticized that process mining research neglects the potential of social network analysis. The extensive findings of classical network research are not taken up further. An organizational and social scientific deepening of the data-driven preliminary work is missing in this discipline. Process mining, which tends to be mathematical and technical, has not yet developed the ambition to ally itself with empirical organizational and social research. This working paper tries to counteract this. It presents a first, social science-based approach to theoretically grounding process networks.}, subject = {Business Process}, language = {en} } @techreport{Hacker2023, type = {Working Paper}, author = {Hacker, Bernd}, title = {Will ChatGPT revolutionize accounting? The Benefits of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in Accounting}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:861-opus4-21340}, year = {2023}, abstract = {It's an experiment! This paper explores how ChatGPT can be used in accounting and reporting to au-tomate routine tasks, increase efficiency, and better understand financial data. The creation of the paper itself was done with the help of ChatGPT, i.e., significant parts of this text were created by the AI and then edited and completed by the author in terms of content and language. On the one hand, this is intended to show the potential of the application in practice and to make it clear that dealing with the tools of AI will be indispensable in the future, but on the other hand, the risks and concerns are also addressed.}, language = {en} } @techreport{Hammerschmidt2022, type = {Working Paper}, author = {Hammerschmidt, Thomas}, title = {Sustainability of pharmaceutical expenditures in the German social health care system}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:861-opus4-18523}, pages = {16}, year = {2022}, abstract = {Background Pharmaceutical expenditure grow strongly in most health care systems. Especially high prices of new drugs are perceived to be driver of growth which might threaten the sustainability of financing drugs. Objective The study aims to analyse a) whether German health policies can achieve sustainable growth of pharmaceutical expenditure, and b) which therapeutic groups fasten and slow pharmaceutical growth based on price and/or volume effects. Methods Annual growth rates of pharmaceutical expenditure in the German social health insurance (SHI) between 2006 and 2018 are compared with indicators reflecting the ability to pay. Annual growth rate in therapeutic subgroups are analysed with respects to volume and price developments. Results Without policies to control pharmaceutical spending, annual growth rates are significantly higher than the growths of indicators of ability to pay. After accounting for the savings from health policy measures, net pharmaceutical expenditure does not grow significantly faster than ability to pay. Policies mainly targeting generic drugs achieve threefold savings compared with policies targeting at patent-protected drugs, although the latter account for more than halve of the expenditure. A limited number of therapeutic subgroups with new drugs grow significantly faster than average expenditure, but this growths is counterbalanced by subgroups which in the end of their innovation cycle and a huge proportion of generic drugs. Conclusion The growths of net drug expenditure in the German SHI does not threaten the sustainability of financing health expenditure based on comprehensive policy measures and innovation cycle effects. Generics do contribute savings to a larger extent. Key points for decision makers: • Germany efficiently uses a comprehensive set of health policies to control drug expenditure in the social health insurance with limited impact on reimbursement. • Net drug expenditure grow on annual rates which correlate to ability to pay and thus do not threaten sustainability of health care financing. • Natural progress of innovation cycles together with targeted policies on patent-protected as well as generic drugs counterbalance exaggerated growth in areas with a high degree of innovation. • Policies targeted mainly on generic drugs yield threefold savings compared with policies targeting on patent-protected drugs. This imbalance should be considered in potential refinements of drug policies.}, language = {en} } @techreport{DanzerHacker2021, type = {Working Paper}, author = {Danzer, Stephan and Hacker, Bernd}, title = {Digitization in Finance and Accounting: Accounting treatment of ERP and RPA systems using the example of SAP S4 / HANA at credit institutions}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:861-opus4-18320}, pages = {13}, year = {2021}, abstract = {Technological advancement and digitization have become more and more important in recent years. This is particularly true for credit institutions. The core banking systems used for internal processes are therefore subject to increasing digital change. In many banks, outdated IT systems are still in use, which often lack the basic functionalities that are essential for innovations. In order to achieve a sufficient functionality of the information technology in the company, core banking systems are implemented, which achieve the mapping of almost all bank-specific processes. In addition, so-called software robots are used to automate standard processes with increasing frequency. Due to the lack of standard products in previous years, there is an abundance of in-house developments. While self-developed systems dominate in the European as well as North and South American markets, earlier in-house developments in the German-speaking countries have mainly been replaced by standardized core banking systems. The introduction of standard ERP systems poses a major challenge for financial institutions. Not only does the implementation effort in terms of financial resources and working time play an important role, but also the ongoing expenses for maintenance and further development. These investments not only secure and promote the ability to innovate in the age of digitization, but also create an asset in the company. The evaluation for the accounting representation is an increasing challenge due to the steadily increasing complexity of information processing technologies. Questions arise regarding the access assessment, the follow-up assessment and the handling of previous systems. In the following, accounting according to the international accounting standards for the implementation of the ERP system SAP S/4HANA in credit institutions is shown. The procedure and the results are not limited to banks, but can be applied analogously to many industries.}, language = {en} } @techreport{Hammerschmidt2017, type = {Working Paper}, author = {Hammerschmidt, Thomas}, title = {Factors influencing the outcomes of the AMNOG benefit assessment}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:861-opus4-2291}, pages = {16}, year = {2017}, abstract = {Background: Since 2011, pharmaceutical companies have to proof the added benefit of new drugs in Germany. The benefit assessment is in relation to an "appropriate comparator therapy" (ACT) defined by the Federal Joint Committee (FJC). Based on the benefit assessment, a reimbursement price is negotiated. In order to proof added benefit, it is essential to provide evidence on patient-relevant outcomes from direct head-to-head comparisons with the ACT. Indirect treatment comparisons and evidence based on surrogate parameters are usually not sufficient. FJC often splits the indication into different subpopulations. Objective: The objective was to analyse whether factors beyond the clinical evidence have influence on the benefit assessment of the FJC. Methods: All benefit assessments between 2011 and 2015 were included in the analysis. The benefit for each drug was calculated by weighting the evidence grade, strength of evidence and size of subpopulations. Drugs were then clustered in high, low or no benefit. Univariate logistic regression was used to identify variables with potential influence (p<0.25). Those variables were included in a multivariate logistic regression model and variables with p>0.1 were excluded in a stepwise approach. Results: The final multivariate logistic regression identified that following variables increase the chance of getting a higher benefit: pharmacologically innovative drug, drugs in disease areas with high unmet medical need, drugs in oncology or infectious diseases, and drugs for which the FJC can split the assessment into subpopulations. Conclusions: The analysis identified variables beyond clinical evidence that influence the benefit assessment by the FJC and provided a better understanding of decision making by the FJC.}, subject = {AMNOG}, language = {en} }