63 Landwirtschaft
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Institute
In order to design a fairer and more sustainable planet, the United Nations have agreed on the Agenda 2030 and the corresponding 17 sustainable development goals (SDGs) as well as the Education for Sustainable Development (ESD) campaign. In order to assess the effectivity of this widely funded campaign, evaluation is in order. While usually larger projects and programs are evaluated, this thesis focuses on whether a short one-time education event can also create long-term learning effects. For a two-hour module on insect and pollinator diversity and their economic importance and conservation, evaluation was performed using empirical questionnaires with statistical analysis as well as participatory evaluation methodology. Statistical analysis shows that knowledge, skills and motivation increase strongly directly after the event, but for some part lower significantly after three weeks’ time. Participatory interviews reflect very different developments in the participants, with some only having an increased awareness of the topic but others having implemented conservation measures and networking in their daily lives. Overall, the evaluation shows that long-term effects of short events are only partly observable and different depending on the participating person. There is, however, a potential for further education and activism whose importance should not be underestimated. Accordingly, even though longer programs are surely more effective in creating long-term learning effects and activism, short events can be very efficient as a gateway into many sustainability topics and should be part of ESD.
The attempt to integrate Good Agricultural Practices (GAP) into the procurement standards of maize supply chain has been led by the Thai Feed Mills Association since 2015 to mitigate environmental impacts of maize production in the North of Thailand. Maize production was condemned by researchers and civil society as one of the culprits of deforestation and haze crisis. Up to now, maize in compliance with GAP in the North of Thailand is mostly produced as part of the Mega Farm Project and limited to a handful of farmers and planted areas. With rather unclear and unpromising circumstances, this study aims to examine the progress of GAP implementation and the market participation of farmers who adopted GAP. By using qualitative and quantitative research methods, it tried to find the reasons for the slow progress and limited coverage of GAP maize production. The results show that market incentives, institutional support, and farmers’ resource endowment are key determinants of GAP adoption and market opportunities. Although the government’s support under the Mega Farm Project has made GAP adoption accessible, affordable and achievable, the stagnation in GAP implementation and adoption is caused by a lack of market incentives, enforcement of regulations, engagement of the private sector, and government’s resources. Farmers’ market participation as a result of GAP adoption has not substantially changed over time. Their market access and prices received remained the same. Their market opportunities have not significantly been enhanced owing to the lack of market incentives for sustainable maize production, insufficient institutional support on harvest and post-harvest management, and farmers’ limited capacity to upgrade and reach an economy of scale.
Uganda’s homegardens are highly diverse small-scale farming systems. They provide the majority of the food consumed by local people and preserve a large number of traditional crops. This booklet provides a guide to common crops found in southwestern Uganda’s homegardens. It features descriptions and uses for 68 crops divided into four sections according to crop type (annual crops, perennial herbaceous crops, shrubs and trees). Crops are ranked according to their ethnobotanical importance. Each section begins with the most important crop. Each page has four photos of the crop and includes the most common local names (in Runyankole and Luganda), as well as the common English and botanical names. Additional information on the uses and occurrences is provided as well.
We hope that this booklet will be of interest to a broad community of people interested in sustainable agriculture, food systems and food security issues: e.g. both Ugandan and international academics, non-government and government actors.
Influence of humic acids on nutrient use efficiency of three phosphorus sources in a sandy soil
(2018)
A pot trial was conducted under greenhouse conditions to assess the effect of humic acid (HA) application in combination with rock phosphate (RP) on the plant phosphorus (P) nutrient use efficiency (NUE), in comparison to the performance of struvite (ST) and triple superphosphate (TSP) amended plants. A sandy soil, exhibiting a low P content, was used in combination with a lignite derived, liquid humic acid product, with a HA content of 4.8 %. Nine groups of perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) were set up as experimental plants, in replications of six, each containing 4.5 kg air dry soil with a P supply of 27 mg P kg-1 soil, causing P deficiency during the experiment. HA was applied at rates of 1, 30 and 100 mg kg-1 soil, directly to the soil as coated RP or as foliar application. Aboveground biomass was harvested biweekly, five times in total. Amendment performance was evaluated by analysing plant biomass, soil pH, plant phosphorus-, carbon-, nitrogen-, iron-, zinc-, manganese- and boron contents. The label doses of 1 mg kg-1 soil as well as 100-fold increases in HA concentration didn’t result in a significant difference in plant shoot or root growth and P NUE compared to untreated plants. Positive trends were displayed at higher foliar application rates. Plant tissue micronutrient concentrations of HA treated samples were generally lower and partly significantly lower than the control. The detected effects were accredited to the hormone-like influence of HA on plants’ metabolism and the ability to alter soil conditions. The lack of calcium in ST amended samples resulted in better plant P availability, significantly higher P uptake and better shoot biomass development. Trends show that ST could be applied in combination with HA to further increase plants P NUE in the future.