Fakultät Kommunikation und Umwelt
Refine
Year of publication
Document Type
- Bachelor Thesis (105)
- Master Thesis (34)
- Working Paper (32)
- Conference Proceeding (2)
Is part of the Bibliography
- no (173)
Keywords
- Digitalisierung (4)
- Künstliche Intelligenz (4)
- Covid-19 (3)
- Grundlagen Recht (3)
- Machine learning (3)
- Biodiversity (2)
- COVID-19 (2)
- Descriptive statistics (2)
- Environment (2)
- Germany (2)
Institute
This Bachelor Thesis shows, that when it comes to the emerging industry of eVTOLs, literature reveals that there is a lack of empirical data in order to assess future market adoption of the flight services reliably.
The research question: “Is there a target group for eVTOLs?” is analyzed theoretically with the Disruptive Innovation Theory (Bower and Christensen, 1995) and particularly the Technology Acceptance Model (“T.A.M.”, Davis, 1989).
One-to-one interviews, with potential regular- and premium users of eVTOLs are conducted and strive to verify the Expected results derived from theory, which are then classified as insufficient. The Results show, that there is an interest of potential users in eVTOL flight services. Distinct factors are displayed in the Results section, and while for regular users, trust in the vehicles and safety is important, premium users see time efficiency as a precondition.
Overall, in addition to other factors, there is a lack of knowledge on the subject, which applies to both interview groups.
Das Ziel dieser Arbeit ist es zu untersuchen, welche Bedarfe, Anforderungen und Barrieren sich für die Implementierung assistiver Technologien in verschiedenen Bereichen des Schulalltags von Schüler*innen mit speziellem Förderbedarf im Bereich geistige Entwicklung und das pädagogische Personal ergeben. Darüber hinaus soll erörtert werden, wie die gewonnenen Erkenntnisse mithilfe von Design-Thinking-Methoden als Grundlage für die zukünftige Entwicklung und Integration der Systeme dienen können. Um diese Fragestellung zu beantworten, wurden im Rahmen einer qualitativen Vorstudie in Kooperation mit der Bönninghardt-Förderschule in Alpen, Nordrhein-Westphalen, eine Hospitation sowie Experteninterviews durchgeführt. Die Interviews wurden anschließend mithilfe der Inhaltsanalyse nach Mayring (2022) analysiert und ausgewertet.
Die Ergebnisse der Studie zeigen ungedeckte Bedarfe auf, darunter die Notwendigkeit einer individuellen Lernfortschrittsdokumentation, barrierefreier Navigations- und Orientierungssysteme sowie einer Zentralisierung verschiedener Software, Apps und Funktionen. Die Diskussion über die Anforderungen an Assistenzsysteme betont die Relevanz einer konsequenten Umsetzung der UD(L)-Prinzipien sowie die Bereitstellung von Eigenschaften wie Bild- und Symbolunterstützung, Sprachausgabe, Adaptivität, Interaktivität und Simplizität. Besonders hervorzuheben ist die praktische Anwendbarkeit und Barrierefreiheit von mobilen assistiven Alltagstechnologien, wie beispielsweise Tablets. Sie stellen nicht nur eine wirksame Unterstützung im Schulalltag dar, sondern können auch dazu beitragen Stigmatisierung und Scham sowohl innerhalb als auch außerhalb der Klassengemeinschaften zu reduzieren. Darüber hinaus wurde die Integration künstlicher Intelligenz als entscheidender Faktor in der Entwicklung moderner assistiver Hilfsmittel betrachtet. Für eine optimale Implementierung und Nutzung im schulischen Kontext ist es zudem von besonderer Bedeutung, effiziente Schulungen mit begleitendem Charakter anzubieten. Auf diese Weise kann nicht nur die Akzeptanz, sondern auch der erfolgreiche Einsatz der Technologien gewährleistet werden.
This paper investigates the research question whether the lower, middle, and upper class in Germany are heterogeneously impacted by inflation. The low, moderate and high inflation periods in Germany were analyzed in regard to the impact on the three different social classes. The indicator to measure the change was the share of income and cost of living. Moreover, the New Keynesian framework is applied within models.
Concludingly it was verified that inflation heterogeneously impacts the lower, middle, and upper class. It was also concluded that high inflation negatively impacts the middle class.
During the past years, it is noticeable that the e-commerce industry has emerged drastically, offering accessibility to a variety of products to the customer where they can buy products from the comfort of their home. However, it is associated with a lot of new challenges for e-commerce businesses, particularly in understanding and managing the customer behavior patterns with the rising online product returns. Since the accessibility of online shopping has risen, assessing the critical factors related to product return and prediction has become a really challenging task for e-commerce vendors. This study also aims to segment the customers based on customer behavior prediction into two categories, i.e., high return risk and low return risk customers, and further develop strategies to reduce the online returns.
This study is rather structured into four integral parts, where each part provides the comprehensive analysis. The first aspect involves analyzing and identifying the customer behavior patterns leading to product returns. The second aspect predicts the online product return based on selected features and the third is to segment the customers based on online product return prediction and categorize them into high return risk, and low return risk customers. The final step involves development of strategies to reduce the product return based on the intense analysis conducted.
To achieve this meaningful research outcome, data analysis is conducted to understand the customer behavior patterns, and a Random Forest feature selector is used to identify the customer behavior patterns that lead to product return. Based on the identified features, classification models were applied to classify and predict whether the customer is going to return product or not. Furthermore, in these seven classification models such as Logistic Regression, Ada Boost, Decision Tree, Naive Bayes, XG Boost, K-Nearest Neighbors, and Random Forest were implemented and used to compare the performance of the classification models to find out the best performing model. Lastly, the segmentation of customers is carried out based on the online product prediction using Logistic regression with classification threshold method into high return risk and low return risk customer categories.
The results obtained help in understanding the customer behavior and reduce the online product return by developing the strategies. This study will eventually help the online businesses in reducing returns which will also enhance the customer satisfaction.
The initiative to redevelop former industrial sites into green spaces offers a compelling opportunity to restore biodiversity in urban areas. Within the context of Zechenpark, formerly known as the Bergwerk West, in Kamp-Lintfort and the Landschaftspark Duisburg-Nord as case studies, these locations serve as prime examples of reclamation efforts. Both locations now stand as emblematic sites undergoing transformation from industrial ruins to ecologically vibrant zones. This thesis evaluates the diversity of flowering plant species in the two locations: Zechenpark and Landschaftspark, including a comparison of cultural landscape-orientated ecosystems in the traditional parks and the biodiversity growing on more post-industrial structures. The plant species composition of the biodiversity plots of the 2022 Sowing Campaign (Einsaat-Aktion 2022) by the Förderverein Landesgartenschau (LaGa) were analyzed using biodiversity indices, as well as the species composition of Landschaftspark Duisburg-Nord. A statistically significant correlation was observed between the number of individuals of flowering plants and the number of insects in Zechenpark, as determined by Spearman's rank correlation coefficient (Rs = 0.75, p < 0.05). This study offers valuable insights that could contribute to enhancing plant diversity within urban parks, thereby supporting the advancement of sustainable urban development.
This study evaluates various lean methodologies, including Value Stream Mapping, Kanban System, 5S Workplace Organization, Kaizen, Ishikawa Diagram, Just-in-Time, Just-in-Sequence, Total Productive Maintenance (TPM), the Last Planner System, Big Room, and Takt Planning and Control. It explores their suitability and effectiveness in the context of a building refurbishment project. The study utilises a qualitative research strategy to comprehensively understand lean construction methods through the perspectives of experienced lean experts. A semi-structured interview was the primary means of collecting data from lean experts, and secondary data was collected using a literature review.
The paper comprehensively analyses the obstacles and benefits associated with integrating lean principles in a building refurbishment project. It emphasises the significance of clear communication, education, and prioritising key decisions. Also, allocating more time for critical issues while executing less complex ones promptly.
Moreover, the study provides valuable guidance for project managers and construction professionals aiming to apply lean principles effectively. It provides checklists for choosing lean methods, emphasising structured evaluations of project complexity, repeatable areas, team composition, quality planning, and user engagement.
In conclusion, this research contributes to advancing lean construction practices, assessing various methodologies and strategies for successful implementation in a building refurbishment project. It is a valuable resource for industry professionals and researchers seeking to optimise construction processes and improve project outcomes by applying lean principles.
Data physicalizations are physical objects that encode data. The concept comes from data visualization, except for in a physicalization the data is presented as 3D tangible objects. Research shows that physical representation of data and being able to interact with it improve understanding and memorability of data, which supports the embodied cognition thesis, according to which cognition is supported by the body and the physical world and developmental psychology research, suggesting that manipulation of physical objects can promote understanding and learning. Alongside traditional physicalizations of statistical data, there also exist physicalizations of personal data, for example heartrate patterns, DNA data, one’s emotional states during the course of the week, etc. Research shows that such physicalizations, often embodied into everyday objects to promote familiarity and intuitive interaction, stimulate self-reflection as well as social interactions by telling others the stories behind the data. Some researchers thought about using data physicalizations as gifts and created example of such gifting artifacts. However, the design process of these artifacts was not based on the user research; nor were the physicalization gifts evaluated in any way. This is the gap that we are addressing in this master thesis, and the goal of our project was therefore to create and evaluate a personal data physicalization present using the human centered design approach. We started our work by conducting user research: performing interviews and defining the important characteristics of the future physicalisation gift. It was followed by a brainstorming session of possible design solutions and creation of the prototype. The prototype was then tested with users, addressing understandability of the data presented in the physicalisation and subjective perception of the gift. Our documentation of the findings and the research process provides a new step in the research of personal data physicalisations and lays out new topics for future investigations.
Teamvertrauen, Gruppenstimmung und Vertrautheit - Eine Untersuchung der Beziehungen in Projektteams
(2024)
Ein weit verbreiteter Ansatz zur Leistungssteigerung ist die Teamarbeit, wobei Menschen bei der Zusammenarbeit von verschiedenen Faktoren beeinflusst werden und profitieren können. Da die Zusammenarbeit jedoch vielfältiger und komplexer wird, ist das Ziel der Arbeit, den Zusammenhang von ausgewählten erfolgskritischen Faktoren zu untersuchen, um zur effektiveren Teamgestaltung beizutragen. Dabei kommt die Forschungsfrage auf, in welchem Zusammenhang die Konstrukte Vertrautheit, Teamvertrauen und Gruppenstimmung stehen? Hierfür wurde eine Längsschnittstudie mit Psychologiestudierenden durchgeführt. Die Studierenden füllten dafür zu drei Messzeitpunkten einen Online-Fragebogen aus. Abschließend konnte ein Datensatz von N = 134 verzeichnet werden. Um die Daten auf Gruppenebene aggregieren zu können, wurden der rwg sowie der ICC (1) und ICC (2) berechnet. Die Voraussetzung für die Datenaggregation wurde jedoch nicht erfüllt, weshalb die statistische Datenanalyse auf individueller Ebene durchgeführt werden musste. Mittels der Korrelation für Messwiederholung und der linearen Regression wurden die intra- und interpersonellen Zusammenhänge der Konstrukte untersucht. Vertrautheit steht demnach in einem positiven Zusammenhang mit Vertrauen und der positiven Stimmung. Ebenso wurde festgestellt, dass eine positive Stimmung das Ausmaß an Vertrauen begünstigt. Zudem wurde eine Mediation durchgeführt, um die Bedeutung der positiven Stimmung auf den Zusammenhang von Vertrautheit und Vertrauen herauszuarbeiten. Die Ergebnisse bestätigen die angenommenen Zusammenhänge und zeigen die Bedeutung von Vertrautheit und positiver Stimmung auf. Es werden Praktische und theoretische Implikationen diskutiert.
Schlüsselwörter: Gruppenstimmung, Vertrautheit, Teamvertrauen, Längsschnittdesign
People and nature are affected by climate change in different ways. The effects of diminishing green spaces, increasing sealed spaces, and higher summer temperatures are particularly noticeable in built-up and urban areas. The constant use of land and development means that insect habitats, which are essential to a functioning ecosystem, are being lost. But this development is not only problematic for insects: increased sealing also increases the potential risk of the heat island effect, which poses a threat to human health.
One possible solution for providing habitat and food for insects in urban areas could be green façade systems. These could partially restore ecosystem services lost to development and have a positive effect on ambient temperature through shading of the building and evaporation from the plants.
In order to measure this effect of façade greening on the environment, in particular on insect diversity and insect population, this work measured the number of insects using two different counting methods over several days on two external façades, one with façade greening and one without. In addition, to determine the effect of the green façade on the ambient temperature, the temperature was measured at different parts of the façades at both measurement locations.
The result of the work is that the façade with plants has a significantly higher insect biodiversity and insect density than the façade without plants. Temperatures are cooler, in most cases, on a green façade. However, they are not particularly significant and show large fluctuations. The paper also outlines a possible way of analysing demand and developing a possible sales concept.
Due to anthropogenic climate change, cities need to be restructured. New measures are necessary to achieve climate neutral cities. With the assistance of 3D Programs, concepts against flooding, heat and in favor of mobility transition can be visualized.
This thesis will emphasize why it is so relevant to take actions against climate change and will investigate which measures are helpful, especially in cities. In connection, the ideation of measures for the City of Xanten will be presented. Subsequently, the process of chosen Design Style and concepts for various Xanten locations will be explained and displayed. These elaborated concepts can be seen as a thought provoking impulse for at least Xanten, which may be realized in the future.