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Trotz des medizinischen Fortschrittes gehören kardiovaskuläre Erkrankungen weiterhin zu den führenden Todesursachen in Deutschland. Der akute Herzinfarkt mit ST- Streckenhebung ist eine mögliche Manifestationsform. Zu den Risikofaktoren für die Entstehung von Herz-Kreislauf-Erkrankungen zählen viele modifizierbare Parameter (Nikotinkonsum, Übergewicht, Bewegungsmangel usw.), so dass das Risiko an einem Herzinfarkt zu erkranken, zumindest teilweise beeinflussbar ist. Mit dem „Gesunde[n]-Herz-Gesetz“ wollte die 24. Bundesregierung der Bundesrepublik Deutschland auf diese Mechanismen aufmerksam machen und Präventionsprogramme zur Reduktion kardiovaskulärer Risikofaktoren etablieren.
Die vorgestellte Arbeit befasst sich mit dem kardiovaskulären Risikoprofil sowie demographischen Daten der Herzinfarkt-Patienten in der Kardiologie des katholischen Karl-Leisner-Klinikums (St. Antonius Hospital Kleve und Marienhospital Kevelaer) im Vergleich der Jahre 2014 und 2024. Es soll untersucht werden, wie das Risikoprofil der Herzinfarkt-Patienten in den beiden Krankenhäusern aussieht, und wie es sich im Vergleich der letzten 10 Jahre verändert hat.
Ziel der Arbeit ist es, herauszufinden welches Patientenkollektiv in den kardiologischen Abteilungen des katholischen Karl-Leisner-Klinikums von Herzinfarkten betroffen ist, um gezielt Präventionsmaßnahmen abzuleiten. Hierfür wurden die Krankenakten aller Patienten, die im Jahr 2014 im Krankenhaus Kleve sowie im Jahr 2024 in den Krankenhäusern Kleve und Kevelaer mit einem ST-Hebungsmyokardinfarkt behandelt wurden, eingeschlossen. Mittels Student’s T-Test und Mann-Whitney-U-Test wurden demographische Parameter, Laborwerte und weitere kardiovaskuläre Risikofaktoren zwischen den beiden Zeiträumen verglichen.
Es zeigt sich eine signifikante Zunahme von Gesamtcholesterin und LDL-Cholesterin im Jahr 2024 verglichen zu 2014. Außerdem besteht die Tendenz zur Abnahme der Nierenfunktion zwischen den untersuchten Jahren. Im Hinblick auf weitere Risikofaktoren wie manifeste Atherosklerose, Diabetes mellitus und arterielle Hypertonie zeigt sich eine Tendenz zur Entwicklung eines multimorbiden Patientenkollektives.
Als Ansatzpunkte zur Optimierung des Risikoprofils seien Maßnahmen zur Raucherentwöhnung, Reduktion von Bewegungsmangel sowie eine Verbesserung der Gesundheitsvorsorge und -aufklärung zu nennen.
African baobab (Adansonia digitata L.) tree parts are mostly harvested for
nourishment and economic purposes. However, the products are only extracted from the wild and are threatened by depletion which necessitates research into the species domestication and cultivation. Mycorrhization involves promoting foreign and native mycorrhiza linkages to improve the roots’ efficiency in nutrients and moisture acquisition. While origin can impact the development of A. digitata, its impact on the species mycorrhization potential is not well understood, and was investigated in this thesis. A. digitata plants were grown from seeds of semi-arid, sub-humid and humid zone origins of Benin inside a controlled climate chamber.
The seedlings from each origin received native soil, commercial mycorrhiza fungi (alternative) and control treatments. Growth parameters were determined before treatments application and at termination. Models combining the effects of treatment, zone origin, unique tree characteristics and block arrangement were used for statistics. Only seedlings of the humid zone origin had significantly higher initial leaf count than counterparts from other origins. Insignificant differences among origins and treatments were observed for all the other parameters.
Inconsistent significant interaction of treatment and origins was observed for final leaf count, stem diameter, root collar diameter, fresh taproot and dry lateral root weights. The results indicated A. digitata seedlings’ ability to show morphological similarities when grown under uniform conditions irrespective of the genetic variations which might exist among seedlings. These growth trends were not 1 affected by the presence of commercial and native microbes. Inconsistent interaction effects warrant further investigation to ascertain specific individual tree seedlings which might have been significantly impacted by treatments.
This dataset contains the appendix files of the Master’s Thesis “Experimental Determination of Microbial Preservation in Cosmetic Formulations Using Modified ISO 11930 Methods.”
The files include raw experimental data in Excel format, covering microbial counts, preservative efficacy testing, and neutralizer validation across different formulations and bacterial strains. These supplementary materials provide detailed numerical results that support the analyses and figures presented in the main thesis document. They ensure transparency and reproducibility of the study by granting access to the complete underlying data.
Data from luminescence measurements of bacteria exposed to water-soluble polymers (WSPs), as well as Raman spectra of bacteria with and without contact to the WSPs.
Polyacrylamide (PAM) – tested in different molecular weights (e.g., 40,000 g/mol, 150,000 g/mol, 15,000,000 g/mol).
Polyethylene glycol (PEG) – investigated at molecular weights such as 8,000 g/mol, 20,000 g/mol, and 35,000 g/mol.
Polyvinyl alcohol (PVOH) – studied at molecular weights like 16,000 g/mol, 47,000 g/mol, and 61,000 g/mol.
Polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) – analyzed in molecular weights such as 24,000 g/mol, 40,000 g/mol, and 360,000 g/mol.
The used bacteria was Aliivibrio fischeri.
Der Rettungsdienst in Deutschland steht angesichts steigender Einsatzzahlen, des demographischen Wandels und veränderter Erwartungen an Arbeitgeber:innen vor der zunehmenden Herausforderung ausreichend Fachkräfte zu gewinnen und zu halten. Vor diesem Hintergrund gewinnt Personalmarketing zunehmend an Bedeutung. Der Erstkontakt im Rahmen des Onboardings ist ein entscheidender Faktor, um Integration, Zufriedenheit und langfristige Mitarbeiterbindung zu sichern.
Im Rahmen dieser Bachelorarbeit wurde beim Deutschen Roten Kreuz - Kreisverband Neuss e.V. (DRK-Neuss), ein neues Onboarding-Konzept für angehende Rettungssanitäter:innen entwickelt und im Ausbildungszeitraum August bis September 2024 mit 17 neuen Mitarbeitenden erprobt.
Ziel war es, das Konzept mithilfe qualitativer Interviews nach Mayring zu evaluieren und Handlungsempfehlungen für eine systematische Einarbeitung im Rettungsdienst abzuleiten.
Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass insbesondere fehlende Standardisierung, inkonsistente Kommunikation und uneinheitliche Betreuung Schwächen im bisherigen Prozess darstellen. Gleichzeitig wurden positive Ansätze wie die Einführung eines Begrüßungstages und die individuelle Betreuung hervorgehoben. Die Arbeit leitet konkrete Empfehlungen ab, u. a. zur Einführung eines Paten-Systems, strukturierte Checklisten sowie klare Verantwortlichkeiten im Einarbeitungsprozess.
Ein durchdachtes Onboarding ist essenziell, um neue Mitarbeitende effektiv einzugliedern und den Rettungsdienst des DRK-Neuss zukunftssicher im Personalbereich aufzustellen.
Cocoa is a crop native to Costa Rica that once thrived as one of the country’s principal exports. Its decline began in the late 1970s following severe disease outbreaks and has been further affected by a lack of sustained institutional support. This thesis presents a comparative analysis of the cocoa sectors in Costa Rica and the Dominican Republic due to the latter’s good positioning in the global cocoa market. It aims to identify policy opportunities that could support the revitalization of Costa Rican cocoa production. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with stakeholders across both countries and thematically analysed according to six key areas: general characteristics, exports and market access, labour conditions, public policy and framework, support framework, and growth potential. Findings suggest that the Dominican Republic’s success is due to continued governmental prioritization and support, alongside the presence of strong producer associations that facilitate access to post-harvest infrastructure, international markets, and organic certification. In contrast, Costa Rica’s sector remains fragmented, with limited coordination, restricted market access, and minimal governmental support. Nonetheless, recent increases in global cocoa prices and renewed institutional interest have created favourable conditions for reactivating and strengthening the sector. This study highlights the need for strengthened producer organization and culturally grounded support for Indigenous cocoa producers. The broader aim of the study is to enable producers to improve their quality of life through increased profitability.
Apricot kernel shells (AKS) and walnut shells (WS) are byproducts from fruit processing lines and may serve as sustainable alternatives to microplastics in industrial applications due to their high content of natural polymers such as cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin. Their use necessitates understanding the associated microbial risks to secure the quality of raw materials. This study investigates microbial communities on AKS and WS collected from Kyrgyzstan over a three-year period of harvests (2022-2024), using culture-dependent total viable count (TVC) as well as culture-independent shotgun metagenomic sequencing to explore the taxonomic and functional profile of microorganisms present on the shells. Results indicated higher microbial loads in more recent harvests with a dominance of Proteobacteria on WS comprising Pantonea agglomerans and Xanthomonas arboricola. On AKS, the phylum Firmicutes was prevalent emphasizing on Weissella confusa and Weissella cibaria. Incubation at humid conditions increased the fungal diversity in particular, especially Rhizopus microsporus in WS and Pichia membranifaciens in AKS, highlighting storage humidity as a critical factor which may induce microbial shifts. Functional metagenomic profiling based on Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway database, highlighted metabolic and relational pathways of microbial community present on AKS and WS. Furthermore, microbial similarities between shell samples and their respective storage environments suggest that handling and storage practices may significantly affect contamination profiles.
There is increasing pressure from the German government on its citizens to reduce dependency on phosphate rock and peat, in agriculture and horticulture. This is due to the phosphate rock oligopoly with associated political instabilities, and the environmental consequences of peat harvesting. Past studies on soilless crop cultivation have shown promising outcomes for the phosphorus (P)-rich sewage sludge biochar (SSB) as an answer to these issues. However, SSB remains as one of the least studied biochar types in soilless ornamental cultivation. The objectives of this study were to investigate the viability of SSB as a P fertiliser and growing media component in pot cultivation of lavender (Lavandula angustifolia), purple coneflower (Echinacea purpurea) and poinsettia (Euphorbia pulcherrima). The addition of SSB at a 10% (v/v) rate to coco peat (SSB 10) was determined as the best composition. Although it did not outperform the control, SSB 10 plants were not significantly lower than the control plants in height, dry aboveground biomass, and number of poinsettia stems across all three species – except in poinsettia biomass. Other rates (5%, 15%, 20%) had significantly lower values in more than one parameter. Physicochemical characterisation also revealed increased P with increasing SSB rates in the growing media. Contrary to other studies, the pH of all growing media did not exceed ideal growing media pH values (5.3-6.5), further solidifying SSB’s viability as a growing media component. The reliability of our results could be improved by recording water uptake of the media, and selection of species with quantifiable aesthetics.
Artichoke (Cynara cardunculus var. scolymus) is a crop loved in the Mediterranean, particularly in Italy, where it has a long tradition holding both cultural and economic value. It has many different uses, from fresh consumption to medicinal use and potential in the energy and cheese-making industry. In northern European countries, such as Germany, artichoke cultivation has not been largely present up until now, mostly due to climate limitations, like very cold winters. However, climate change may offer new opportunities for its introduction. This study wants to assess the viability and potential of artichoke cultivation in Germany under current and future climate conditions, with the support of climate reports and literature sources. Past German trials, together with insights from the Italian artichoke cultivation, are integrated into the analysis to offer a better understanding of potential practices and implications for a future cultivation of the crop in Germany. The study concludes that winter cultivation is unfeasible without proper winter protection practices or the development of reliable frost-resistant varieties. However, annual cultivation with harvest within the same season represents a promising option in most German states. Locally grown artichokes could translate into economic and environmental advantages by answering the increasing interest in fresh, healthy, and regionally sourced products. It would also presents an opportunity for diversifying agricultural production in response to climate change and shifting market demands while also filling a gap in the artichoke offer on the market.
This study investigated how factors associated with Sinner’s principle—namely temperature, time and the chemical composition of detergents—affected the antimicrobial efficacy of domestic dishwashers, particularly during short cycles. We chose a range of bacterial strains, including standard test strains such as Micrococcus luteus and Enterococcus faecium, as well as important foodborne pathogens such as Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, and Salmonella Typhimurium. To account for the complexity of dishwasher cycles, we correlated hygiene efficacy with area under the curve (AUC) measurements derived from the respective cycle profiles. Our findings revealed that the reductions in M. luteus and E. faecium were minimally affected by the reference detergent. In contrast, a high-tier market detergent demonstrated a significant decrease in bacterial counts. Notably, both strains exhibited reduced efficacy at a main cycle temperature of 45 °C, suggesting that temperatures below 50 °C might represent a critical threshold at which the hygiene efficacy of domestic dishwashing processes declines. However, since food-related pathogens were more susceptible to the dishwashing process, even lower temperatures might deliver a sufficient level of hygiene. Plotting the logarithmic reduction/AUC ratio against the AUC indicated that the main cycle contributed approximately 10-fold more to microbial reduction than the rinse cycle. Furthermore, the antimicrobial impact of detergents was greatest at the lowest AUC values (i.e. during short cycles). Taken together, our results suggest that the main wash temperature, the type of detergent, and the specific strain tested all impact bacterial hygiene performance.