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The world is facing a critical challenge in meeting the growing demand for food particularly in developing countries in Sub-Saharan Africa where population growth is outpacing food production. It presents a formidable challenge exacerbated by urbanization, shifting consumption patterns and global disruptions like the COVID-19 pandemic. In response, alternative food sources such as edible insects are gaining traction as sustainable solutions. Edible insects offer comparable nutrition to traditional protein sources while requiring minimal resources for farming. However, unsustainable harvesting practices endanger wild insect populations. To counter this, insect farming emerges as a promising strategy, leveraging efficient conversion rates and organic waste utilization. This paper explores how edible insects can integrate into circular food economies, converting organic waste into valuable resources, bolstering food and feed security, and mitigating waste. Specifically, it examines the potential of insects like black soldier fly larvae, yellow mealworms, houseflies, and house crickets in SSA for waste management and sustainable nutrition. The discussion encompasses insect abundance, waste utilization, economic cycles, and environmental benefits. Furthermore, it explores the quality and quantity of available urban organic waste streams, waste-to-insect combinations, and the socioeconomic implications of insect farming, including gender dynamics and consumer acceptance. The review highlights the need for regulatory frameworks to govern the edible insect industry in SSA and emphasizes the potential of insect farming to contribute to food security, environmental conservation, and economic development in the region.
Analysing Marketing Strategies of Agroforestry-Grown Walnuts: Lessons for the Lower Rhine Region
(2024)
Agroforestry (AFS) could help fight climate change by sequestering carbon (Nair et al., 2021). However, few markets accurately reflect the value of agroforestry products, posing a barrier to farmers implementing AFS (Litschel et al., 2023). In addition, while AFS could i.e. help the Lower Rhine Region reduce nitrate pollution, there is little research on AFS in this region. This thesis aims to reduce these barriers to AFS in the Lower Rhine Region by developing a marketing strategy for one promising agroforestry product: walnuts (Juglans regia).
To do this, consumer prices of 62 walnut products from 15 stores in the Kleve area were collected over 46 days to gain an insight into the local market. Secondly, expert interviews were conducted with three German walnut producers to assess their marketing strategies. The SIVA framework (Solution, Information, Value, Access) by Dev and Schultz (2005), was used to analyse the transcripts. Then, the results were adapted to the context of the Lower Rhine Region and agroforestry to provide marketing guidelines for producers of AFS-grown walnuts in the Lower Rhine Region.
Results show that not only could new walnut producers successfully compete with imported walnuts in the Lower Rhine Region, but that agroforestry could also be a significant asset to their marketing strategy.
The present thesis focuses on the potential of the alternative fiber plant Silphie (Silphium perfoliatum) in East Westphalia-Lippe. To assess its potential, three expert interviews were conducted in the beginning with the key stakeholders of a Silphie supply chain. These
stakeholders included the fiber producer OutNature, the seed distributor Donau-Silphie, and the CO2 certification company Positerra. Through these interviews, the necessary conditions for establishing a Silphie cultivation region for paper production were
determined. Subsequently, the attitudes of local farmers towards cultivation and further use of the plant were surveyed. Additionally, the potential for CO2 sequestration of Silphie was assessed and compared with the opinions of the farmers.
The results from the interviews and the survey were used to identify patterns using explorative data analysis and descriptive statistics methods, enabling the prioritization of potential farmers in the future. The evaluation of the methods revealed an interest in
cultivation and fiber production under certain conditions. The most important prerequisites include profitability, secured take-off agreements, and the suitability of using the plant as fodder. Consequently, farmers with a larger farm size who cultivate silage
maize for biogas production are most willing to grow Silphie. By geographically mapping potential Silphie areas, two preferred catchment areas were identified where the chance for a cultivation region is favorable due to existing infrastructure and farmer interest.
Furthermore, a comparison of the required environmental conditions with those present in OWL was conducted and mostly deemed accurate.
Based on these findings and the development of further utilization possibilities for Silphie, this thesis serves as a motivation for additional studies aimed at increasing the potential of Silphie in OWL.
n the age of digital networking, social media has developed into a central tool that is reshaping the communication landscape. This bachelor thesis evaluates the growing importance of social media for farm stores, with the aim of examining the potential of social media for farm stores and identifying effective approaches. Key research
questions guide the investigation, addressing aspects such as target groups, design criteria, social media platforms, customer acquisition and distinctions from supermarkets. By employing a mixed-method approach, qualitative expert interviews and a quantitative online survey were conducted to gain insights into the specific criteria
for effective social media content and to analyze the characteristics of the Hoffreunde farm store's target audience. The results highlight the paramount role of target audience analysis in formulating a focused social media strategy. Thereby, essential design criteria
include the creation of authentic posts that elucidate product origins, fostering trust, a pivotal advantage over large supermarkets. In conclusion, social media has the potential to positively impact farm stores by enhancing visibility and fostering customer loyalty.
The efficacy of treating common illnesses with traditional Chinese medical drugs has been a subject of growing interest and debate especially when compared to established practices of modern
Western medicine. The integration of alternative and traditional medicine practices also gains significance as healthcare systems evolve.
This literature review aims to comprehensively assess and compare the effectiveness of traditional Chinese medical drugs with modern Western medial drugs in addressing common illnesses. Through a systematic analysis of reviewed scientific articles, clinical studies, and relevant literature the effectiveness of traditional Chinese medical drugs will be identified and compared to modern Western medical drugs and treatment options in context of the treatment success rates, symptom relief, adverse effects, and patient satisfaction.
The study focuses on the herbal based remedies and their traditional therapeutic treatment methods, to illuminate their mechanisms of action and potential therapeutic benefits for a range of common illnesses such as the common cold and flu, digestive disorders, musculoskeletal pain, and skin conditions. Furthermore, the potential synergies between the two practices will be explored, as integrative healthcare becomes increasingly important as a comprehensive approach to patient wellbeing.
Through a comprehensive analysis of the available medical literature and clinical data, this paper attempts to address the potential of traditional Chinese medical drugs as an alternative or complementary method to modern Western medicine for various common illnesses. The findings may contribute to informed decision-making by healthcare professionals and patients, offering insights into the strengths and limitations of each approach. Additionally, the research aims to foster a deeper understanding of cross-cultural medical practices and their potential integration into contemporary healthcare systems.
The rapid increase in patient numbers and the complexity of clinical information, coupled with a significant lack of assistive technologies for routine procedures, has emphasized the urgent need for innovative technological solutions in clinical laboratories. This need is amplified by the existence of over 238 blood tests, highlighting the challenge of managing and interpreting vast amounts of clinical information and data efficiently.
The primary objective of this research is to evaluate the effectiveness of Medi, a state-of-the-art software system designed to enhance the workflow of medical routine tasks in the pre-testing steps in clinical laboratories. By focusing on routine hematology, biochemistry, and microbiology tests, the study aims to revolutionize clinical laboratory processes, improve diagnostic accuracy, and enhance patient care.
Through an extensive approach regarding specimen collection of blood and the utilization of automated medical devices, this study sheds light on the advantage of Medi to streamline operations within clinical laboratories. The research methodically assesses the impact of Medi on laboratory workflows and patient outcomes, employing a user-centric design to ensure the software meets the practical needs of healthcare professionals.
Medi demonstrated significant improvements in laboratory efficiency, with streamlined workflow. Key findings include the standardization of blood specimen collection procedures, limiting blood-tube-selection errors, and a positive impact on laboratory operations. The software facilitated a more cohesive integration of clinical data, contributing to better-informed decision-making and improved patient care.
By comparing these outcomes with the current state of clinical diagnostics, Medi's introduction represents a transformative shift in laboratory operations. It not only addresses the pressing need for advanced assistive technologies in the clinical laboratory settings but also sets a new standard in patient care. This research underlines the potential of integrating software solutions with existing laboratory technologies, paving the way for a new era in clinical testing.
Family farms and smallholders have been kept out of the market niche due to their competition with larger multinational corporations. Smallholder farmers can enter the food market easily by linking them with school feeding programs. National school feeding programs exist globally. However, food quality is a major factor in the success of these programs in enhancing student nutrition. This offers opportunities for family farms to supply nutritious, local organic produce to regional schools and gain access to the food market in urban areas. Students and farmers can benefit from this integration along with all supply chain contributors. Nevertheless, proper management of these supply chains, programs, and farms is a necessity.
In this review, the impacts of local procurement for school meal programs are discussed with data from different national programs. Perspectives of farmers, distributors, school management, students, and parents are discussed to assess the advantages of buying from family farms. Challenges faced in the process of procurement from smallholders and associated risks are also examined. Social actors including producers, distributors, consumers, and government that participated in these studies give their opinions on school feeding programs. The main problems arise from the lack of budget and incentives available to farms and faulty logistics that can affect quality and quantity of school meals. Organizational strategies to promote sustainable supply chains and investment in agriculture policies are practical solutions for these challenges.
For several millennia, yeasts are involved in the production of alcoholic beverages via the fermentation process. Yeast metabolism is responsible for the aromatic compounds produced during fermentation. Different yeasts create different aromatic compounds, or different concentrations of compounds during fermentation because of the metabolic differences between yeasts. In this bachelor thesis, the effect of utilizing native yeasts on the sensory properties of the produced alcoholic beverage is evaluated. A total of 83 isolates were obtained from the surface, juice, and 7-days-rested juice of fresh pears of Conference variety. Among these isolates, 19 of them were identified as yeast samples. For native yeast sample used in sensory analysis, among known species in the sample, Saccharomyces cerevisiae has the highest relative abundance, followed by Saccharomyces eubayanus. The odor scores were significantly higher for native yeast sample points than the odor scores of LT8 points. The difference between the total sensory analysis scores was not significant. The results showed that the native yeast performed as good as the commercial yeast in terms of sensory properties, with a significantly better odor perception and higher production of ethanol.
Hintergrund - Seit Jahren steigt in Deutschland der Bedarf an ärztlichem Personal. Krankenhäuser haben immer mehr offene Stellen, Ärzte ein zunehmend großes Jobangebot. Fraglich ist jedoch, wie Ärzte in dieser Fülle an Optionen die für sie ideale Stelle finden können. Ein Stellenportal soll die Brücke zwischen Stellensuche und Stellenbesetzung bilden.
Ziel - Das Ziel dieser Masterarbeit ist es, relevante Faktoren und gegenwärtige Herausforderungen im ärztlichen Bewerbungsprozess zu identifizieren. In Anlehnung daran soll entschieden werden, inwiefern ein digitales Stellenportal den bestehenden ärztlichen Stellenmarkt verbessern kann, und welche Alternativen bestehen, um die Effizienz und Qualität im ärztlichen Bewerbungsprozess zu verbessern.
Methodik - Um die Forschungsfrage zu beantworten, wurde eine qualitative Studie zu Bewerbungsprozessen im Krankenhaussektor durchgeführt. Im Rahmen dessen wurden Experteninterviews mit Ärzten sowie Personalverantwortlichen in Krankenhäusern geführt. Daneben wurde auch eine quantitative Befragung mit Ärzten durchgeführt, um die qualitativen Aussagen der Interviews mit quantitativen Daten zu untermauern.
Ergebnisse - Ärzte bewerben sich überwiegend initiativ oder nutzen ihr persönliches Netzwerk, um eine Neuanstellung zu finden. Dabei sind vor allem das Team und die Lage des Krankenhauses relevant. Krankenhäuser veröffentlichen Stellenausschreibungen überwiegend auf ihrer Webseite und im Deutschen Ärzteblatt. Digitale medizinische Stellenportale werden bislang weder von Ärzten noch von Krankenhäusern in hohem Maße genutzt. In nahezu allen Krankenhäusern sind derzeit ärztliche Stellen unbesetzt, die mit langen Nachbesetzungszeiten verbunden sind. Daher halten Krankenhäuser ihre Anforderungen an Bewerber möglichst gering und beschränken ihre Einstellungsvoraussetzungen häufig auf ausreichende Sprachkenntnisse und eine stellengerechte Qualifikation.
Schlussfolgerungen - Der demografische Wandel und der Fachkräftemangel erfordern ein Umdenken seitens der Krankenhäuser im ärztlichen Bewerbungsprozess. Die Entwicklung eines digitalen Stellenportals für ärztliches Personal kann den bestehenden Herausforderungen nur geringfügig entgegenwirken. Vielmehr bedarf es interner Veränderungen und politischer Anpassungen, um wirksame Prozessverbesserungen zu erreichen.
Die Bedeutung der Hochschulen im Gesundheitsbereich ergibt sich unter anderem aus ihrem bildungspolitischen Auftrag. Im Rahmen dessen sind Hochschulen, neben der Wissens- und Kompetenzvermittlung, auch als Sozialisationsraum zu sehen. Mit gesundheitsfördernden Angeboten entwickeln, prägen und festigen die Hochschulen während dieser Zeit gesundheitsbezogene Einstellungen sowohl bei Mitarbeitenden als auch bei Studierenden im Hochschulumfeld.
Die vorliegende Masterthesis gibt einen Überblick über die Bedeutung und Relevanz organisatorischer Beziehungen von Netzwerkakteur*innen eines Studentischen Ge-sundheitsmanagements (SGM) am Beispiel des Managements der Rheinischen-Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn. Damit ist das Ziel dieser Arbeit zu beantworten, welche Akteur*innen für das SGM an der Universität Bonn eine wesentliche Rolle einnehmen und wie diese mit- oder untereinander kooperieren und kommunizieren. Des Weiteren sollen Schwachstellen in diesem Netzwerk ermittelt und durch Hand-lungsempfehlungen optimiert werden.
Um diese Forschungsfragen zu beantworten, wird als methodisches Vorgehen die Netzwerkanalyse genutzt, um die Positionen und Merkmale der Netzwerkak-teur*innen zu visualisieren, zu beschreiben und die organisatorischen Beziehungen zu bestimmen. Im Rahmen dieser Netzwerkanalyse wurden semistrukturierte Inter-views mit ausgewählten Akteur*innen auf persönlicher Ebene durchgeführt. Die Ana-lyse und Darstellung der Ergebnisse erfolgte mit verschiedenen Software-Programmen wie EXCEL, SPSS, UCINET 6 und GEPHI.
Die Analyse zeigt, dass sowohl das Kooperations- als auch das Kommunikations-netzwerk eine flache, nicht-hierarchische Struktur aufweisen, die sich in niedrigen Zentralisierungsgraden, kurzen durchschnittlichen Entfernungen mit geringen Stan-dardabweichungen, einem kleinen Durchmesser und dem Nichtvorhandensein von Untergruppen widerspiegelt. Diese Ergebnisse bringen neue Erkenntnisse zu der Debatte, dass eine Netzwerkanalyse an Hochschulen eine neue Form der Struktur-bewertung in der Gesundheitsförderung repräsentieren kann, bei der der Schwer-punkt weniger auf einfachen Zählungen von Programmaktivitäten liegt und vielmehr auf der Dokumentation struktureller Veränderungen.