TY - THES A1 - Okos, Martin T1 - Ethische und rechtliche Rahmenbedingungen des Maschinellen Lernens - eine systematische Analyse zur Konzeptualisierung und Regulation innerhalb der EU N2 - Die Entwicklungen des maschinellen Lernens und damit einhergehend auch der künstlichen Intelligenz umfassen immer mehr Anwendungsfälle im täglichen Leben. Je komplexer und autonomer diese Systeme werden, desto schwieriger lässt sich ihr Verhalten prognostizieren und es ist nicht auszuschließen, dass Situationen entstehen, die ethische und rechtliche Fragen aufwerfen. Das Ziel dieser Arbeit ist die Untersuchung der erforderlichen Rahmenbedingungen für den Umgang mit diesen Technologien. Neben der Erklärung wesentlicher Begriffe aus dem Bereich der KI und Ethik werden durch die Recherche geeigneter Literatur über Pflegeroboter und dem autonomen Fahren zwei Anwendungsbereiche vorgestellt, die einen Bedarf an moralischen Maschinen aufweisen. Maßnahmen zur Regulierung innerhalb der Europäischen Union erfolgen durch das Anwenden bestehender und Erlassen neuer Gesetze sowie über die Definition ethischer Leitlinien, die ebenfalls als Teil der vorliegenden Arbeit behandelt werden. N2 - Developments in machine learning along with artificial intelligence are encompassing increasingly more use cases in everyday life. The more complex and autonomous these systems become, the harder it is to predict their behaviour, and it cannot be ruled out that situations emerge where ethical and legal questions arise. This thesis aims to investigate the necessary framework conditions for dealing with these technologies. In addition to explaining essential terminology from the domain of AI and ethics, two application areas that show a need for moral machines are presented by referencing contemporary literature on care robots and autonomous driving. The European Union provides regulatory measures by applying existing laws and enacting new ones, as well as by defining ethical guidelines, which are also addressed as part of this thesis. KW - Maschinelles Lernen KW - Künstliche Intelligenz KW - Ethik KW - Pflegeroboter KW - Autonomes Fahren Y1 - 2022 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:hbz:1383-opus4-15170 ER - TY - THES A1 - Salobir, Jan T1 - Relaunch eines Kommunalen Webauftritts beim KRZN N2 - In der Arbeit wird der Prozess des Relaunches eines kommunalen Webauftritts Schritt für Schritt analysiert und besonders darauf geachtet, wie die gesetzlichen Anforderungen für so einen Webauftritt umgesetzt werden. KW - E-Government KW - Onlinezugangsgesetz KW - Webauftritt KW - Verwaltungsinformatik KW - Verwaltungsdigitalisierung Y1 - 2022 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:hbz:1383-opus4-15214 ER - TY - THES A1 - Akbik, Hia T1 - The Effect of Risk and Uncertainity on Purchasing Decisions N2 - The end of 2019 has brought upon the world a new virus called Covid-19 that has quickly evolved into a pandemic at the start of 2020. To control the spread of the virus, countries around the world were forced to implement various strict measures that includes travel bans, lockdowns, and limited social contacts. As per pervious pandemics, this crisis had severe consequences on economy, consumer behavior, purchasing decisions and people’s mental and physical wellbeing. Consumers were forced to adapt and find alternatives that would fit the “new norm”. This added to the psychological distress people were experi-encing and in turn increased their feeling of risk and uncertainty. Thus, this research con-ducts a semi-structured exploratory in-depth interview (N=16) to profoundly investigate the effect of risk and uncertainty on consumers’ purchasing decisions in Germany. Find-ings of this study suggests that consumers with high uncertainty avoidance and high per-ceived risk are more likely to have a changed behavior. Their purchasing decisions are more oriented toward necessities and self-development products. On the other hand, con-sumers with low uncertainity avoidance and risk perception have experiences less change in terms of consumer behavior and purchasing decisions. The results of this research would help companies understand consumers’ psychological needs which is often ne-glected in literature to provide the needed products and services. It would also benefit the academic and professional world by knowing what to expect during crisis and if changed behaviors will continue after the pandemic is over. KW - Covid-19 pandemic KW - Risk KW - Uncertainity KW - Consumer behavior KW - Purchasing De-cisions KW - Phycological factors Y1 - 2022 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:hbz:1383-opus4-15858 ER - TY - THES A1 - Ponten, Marvin T1 - Visualisierung von Kulturgütern am Beispiel der römischen Kaiserthermen in Trier als 3D Modell. N2 - This paper is a summary of the “Kaiserthermen Project'' for the “Landesmuseum Trier” and shows in detail how to convert a 3Ds Max 3D model for usage into an open source program like Blender. It tries to explain the basics of 3D modelling and compares it to the 3D modelling of cultural heritages. It should work as a form of manual to further convert different models into the FBX file format. It also aims to explain the high value of cultural heritage as a 3D model and compares it to the 3D model of the “Trier Kaiserthermen”. It furthermore gives examples and reasons for the usage of 3D models in different fields. It also presents the final 3D renderings and shows how they were created. At the end it explains how the perfect model for scientific research should be and how this project and paper improved this for the “Kaiserthermen”. KW - 3D Model KW - Cultural Heritage KW - Converting to FBX KW - 3D Render Y1 - 2022 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:hbz:1383-opus4-15889 ER - TY - THES A1 - Izzuddin, Kamal T1 - Experimental and Simulative Study on the Performance of PEM Fuel Cell under Different Operating Conditions N2 - The aim of the thesis is to study the influence of operating conditions on the performance of the proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) such as temperature, cathode stoichiometry and cathode relative humidity. The experiment is conducted at temperature points of 60°C, 70°C and 80°C, where at each temperature point cathode stoichiometry of 2 and 5 are set. Within each stoichiometry, the cell is operated at cathode relative humidity of 50%, 75% and 100%. The fuel cell performance is analyzed using two methods, current-voltage measurement, and the electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, where the polarization curves, power output density and high-frequency resistance (HFR) are recorded. A numerical analysis is then conducted on a 3-dimensional straight single channel fuel cell and is fitted with the data measured experimentally. Increasing the temperature has a different degree of improvement on the fuel cell’s performance based on its cathode stoichiometry and relative humidity settings. The HFR measurements provide an insight into the voltage loss that is exerted by the fuel cell on each test condition. The numerical analysis shows that the impact of operating conditions does not exhibit any significant differences on the fuel cell model. KW - Proton exchange membrane fuel cell KW - Current and voltage measurement KW - Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy KW - High-frequency resistance KW - CFD KW - Numerical analysis Y1 - 2022 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:hbz:1383-opus4-15909 ER - TY - THES A1 - Fischer, Luca Cedric T1 - An Empirical Investigation on the Transparency of Capital Costs in the Annual Report among the DAX40 Companies N2 - This study identifies the transparency levels of the DAX40 companies regarding their disclosure of capital costs. With reference to a theoretical foundation, capital cost theory and its origins are outlined, while the respective financial reporting standards according to IFRS and HGB are discussed. In the matter of preliminary step before examining the annual reports of the mentioned German companies, transparency in financial reporting is critically assessed in an in-depth literature review. The topics of efficiency of transparency, motives for transparency variations and consequences of transparency for companies are included. As a result, five hypotheses were derived that build the basis for the subsequent empirical case study. Thus, H1 expects most of the companies within the DAX to not transparently publish their capital costs within their annual reports. H2 expects that none of the DAX companies are transparent about their calculation scheme and application regarding the beta coefficient. H3 assumes that most companies listed in the DAX are inconsistent with their capital costs used for the Impairment Only Approach compared to the capital costs communicated in the management report. H4 predicts that most DAX companies are not publishing separate WACC’s and derivation of capital cost parameters along their business units. Finally, H5 expects the ten new joiners within the DAX to be more transparent and consistent regarding their publication of capital costs and calculation schemes than their 30 peers. Ultimately, H1, H3, and H5 were rejected, while H2 and H4 were confirmed Y1 - 2022 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:hbz:1383-opus4-13679 ER - TY - THES A1 - Scheil, Jonathan T1 - Analyse der aktuellen und vergangenen politischen Landschaft Deutschlands im Hinblick auf die aktuelle Bundestagswahl mit Fokus auf die ansteigende Bedeutung von Social-Media im Wahlkampf N2 - Since the last federal election in germany, the CDU is no longer the strongest force and suffered large losses of votes. The SPD, Bündnis 90/Die Grünen and the FDP now make up the german parliament. Parts of the election campaign are taking place via social media. But how do the individual parties use modern media? Do the parties differ in the way they communicate their messages and, as a result, do they generate votes in diffe-rent ways? I will examine these questions in more detail in this bachelor's thesis, starting with the reunification of germany and including the last federal elections. The social me-dia platform I am investigating for political communication is twitter. I presented the past and current parliamentary election results and differences in eastern and western germany. To do this, I used sentiment analysis to examine tweets extracted from twitter at the federal and local/state political level, for their content and the accom-panying reactions. I created a detailed representation of the different social media appearances of politicians and determined whether appropriate conclusions can be drawn based on my results and data. My analysis shows that at the parliamentary level, Annalena Baerbock of Bündnis 90/Die Grünen, followed by Dr. Alice Weidel of the AfD and Christian Lindner of the FDP, have the most likes and retweets. Olaf Scholz, with 826 tweets, is the most active on twitter in 2021. At federal and local/state level, the topics of all parties are often similar. There are differences with regard to the core issues of the respective parties. I have illustrated this in each case. Based on the politicians' use of twitter, I could not draw any concrete conclusions about voter behaviour. For this it would be important to evaluate other media, e.g. facebook. KW - Sentiment-analyse KW - Politik KW - Bundestagswahl KW - Ost-/Westdeutschland KW - Social Media Y1 - 2022 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:hbz:1383-opus4-13687 ER - TY - RPRT A1 - Guggenberger, Lennart T1 - Die Befristung von Arbeitsverhältnissen in der Rechtsprechung des Bundesarbeitsgerichts N2 - In diesem Arbeitspapier werden die Befristung von Arbeitsverhältnissen und aktuelle Fälle der Rechtsprechung erörtert. T3 - Studentische Arbeitspapiere im Bereich Recht - 30 KW - Grundlagen Recht KW - Befristung KW - Arbeitsrecht KW - BAG Y1 - 2022 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:hbz:1383-opus4-15671 ER - TY - THES A1 - Salobir, Randy T1 - Dark Patterns in Videospielen – Unterschiede zwischen Casual-, Core- und Hardcore-Gamern N2 - Gaming has become a huge industry. In an attempt to generate more revenue, manipulative design decisions, aimed towards making the consumer act in certain ways or perform certain actions, which are beneficial to the developers of the game, have become a common sight. Those design decisions have become known under the umbrella term “Dark Patterns”. While individual Dark Patterns have already been researched on their impact on gamers as a whole, it stands to reason that groups with widely different gaming behaviors would exhibit differences in their exposure and vulnerability towards these patterns. This bachelor’s thesis aims to use a quantitative approach in the form of an online survey (n=465), to research this. For that, the survey asked questions about the participants gaming behavior and interactions with a wide array of Dark Patterns. The participants will then be grouped into casual-, core- and hardcore gamers based on their answers about their gaming behavior, after which the groups will then be directly compared in terms of their exposure and vulnerability towards Dark Patterns, in order to find any significant differences. Finally, these results will be discussed and suggestions for further research will be offered. KW - Videospiele KW - Videogames KW - Dark Pattern KW - Gamer Y1 - 2022 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:hbz:1383-opus4-14911 ER - TY - RPRT A1 - Yadel, Marc T1 - Die Digitalisierung der Verwaltung nach dem Onlinezugangsgesetz N2 - Das Onlinezugangsgesetz (OZG) hat durch die verbindliche, terminierte Vorgabe der Online-Bereitstellung von Verwaltungsleistungen bis zum Ablauf des Jahres 2022 die Weichen für den Wandel zur digitalen Verwaltung gelegt. Es schafft die Voraussetzungen für ein flächendeckendes Angebot im gesamten Bundesgebiet und erleichtert das Auffinden von Verwaltungsleistungen durch die Zugänglichmachung über einen Portalverbund. Verbindliche Vorgaben von Standards erhöhen die IT-Sicherheit und garantieren die Kompatibilität von IT-Komponenten. T3 - Studentische Arbeitspapiere im Bereich Recht - 25 KW - Onlinezugangsgesetz KW - OZG Y1 - 2022 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:hbz:1383-opus4-14974 ER - TY - THES A1 - Njoki, Regina T1 - Relocation willingness in the EU N2 - The purpose of this thesis was to provide insights into the relocation willingness of potential candidates within the European Union, based on a real-life case study of recruitment in Germany. The thesis was split into two parts one being the theoretical framework that set the basis for this research and the other part being the case study. The case-study was carried out through the active sourcing approach of recruitment. Candidates fitting the profile needed to fill the job position of were contacted on LinkedIn and offered a job opportunity that required relocation to Germany, the responses that declined the messages were analyzed to find out why candidates were unwilling to relocate. Most of the responses that declined the job opportunity that required relocation were found to be from Romania and the main reason for declining was found to be `no interest in new job opportunities ́ which was the closely followed by a lack of desire to relocate. KW - HRM KW - Recruiting KW - Active sourcing KW - LinkedIn Y1 - 2022 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:hbz:1383-opus4-15023 ER - TY - RPRT A1 - Sivaloganathan, Janitha T1 - Die Befristung von Arbeitsverhältnissen in der Rechtsprechung des Bundesarbeitsgerichts N2 - Die Befristung von Arbeitsverhältnissen in der Rechtsprechung des Bundesarbeitsgerichts-Hausarbeit in Grundlagen Recht T3 - Studentische Arbeitspapiere im Bereich Recht - 27 KW - Hausarbeit Grundlagen Recht Y1 - 2022 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:hbz:1383-opus4-15530 ER - TY - RPRT A1 - Vogt, Thomas T1 - Öffentlich-rechtliche Verträge – Juristische Grundlagen, Sinn, Fallbeispiele N2 - Der öffentlich-rechtliche Vertrag (örV) stellt eine Handlungsform des deutschen öffentlichen Rechts dar. Es handelt sich um einen Vertrag über einen öffentlich-rechtlichen Gegenstand, an dem sich mindestens eine juristische Person des öffentlichen Rechts beteiligt. Neben dem Verwaltungsakt stellt er die wichtigste Form des Verwaltungshandelns dar. In diesem Papier werden Grundlagen, Sinn und Anwendung erläutert. T3 - Studentische Arbeitspapiere im Bereich Recht - 26 KW - Öffentlich-rechtlicher Vertrag KW - Verwaltungsvertrag KW - Grundlagen Recht Y1 - 2022 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:hbz:1383-opus4-15548 ER - TY - THES A1 - Nosseir, Dominic T1 - Prototypisches Design einer barrierefreien E-Commerce- Website - gemäß der Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG) 2.1 N2 - This work focuses on accessibility on the internet, in this context a research for a prototype was developed and afterwards evaluated, to show the usability difference between an accessible and an inaccessible website. Both sites were evaluated with respectively three test subjects for every site, to find out which site is more user- friendly. For this purpose The Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG) were explained. Afterwards ten E-Commerce-Sites that sell Dog Food were analyzed on their conformity to the WCAG, to find the most common WCAG-violations, in order to prevent these in the later implementation of the prototype. This prototype was developed in three stages, the first one was a paper-prototype to concept the structure. The second was modeled through the software „Figma“ to specify the styling. At the end the final prototype was implemented in HTML with the „Angular“ framework. Thereafter, the prototype was examined through user-tests to check if there were usability-errors or inaccessible elements, that need to be fixed in order to accomplish an accessible prototype. After the result were evaluated and the found accessibility- errors were fixed. The prototype went again through a usability-test execution, to ensure that the prototype is accessible. The result show, that the accessible site is more user-friendly and WCAG compliant than the inaccessible site. So the statement can be made that the WCAG-conformity increases the usability of a website. KW - Barrierefreiheit KW - Web Content Accessibility Guidelines KW - Prototyping KW - User Testing KW - Evaluation Y1 - 2022 ER - TY - RPRT A1 - Olgun, Ismail T1 - Öffentlich-rechtliche Verträge – Juristische Grundlagen, Sinn, Fallbeispiele N2 - In diesem Arbeitspapier, das an der Fakultät für Kommunikation und Umwelt der Hochschule Rhein-Waal entstanden ist, werden öffentlich-rechtliche Verträge hinsichtlich ihrer juristischen Grundlagen, ihres Sinnes und aktuellen Fallbeispielen erörtert und mit genauen Quellenangaben versehen. T3 - Studentische Arbeitspapiere im Bereich Recht - 28 KW - Grundlagen Recht KW - VwVfG KW - Verwaltungsverfahrensgesetz KW - Öffentlich-rechtlicher Vertrag Y1 - 2022 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:hbz:1383-opus4-15569 ER - TY - RPRT A1 - Peltzer, Henrik T1 - Die Befristung von Arbeitsverhältnissen in der Rechtsprechung des Bundesarbeitsgerichts N2 - Die Befristung von Arbeitsverhältnissen in der Rechtsprechung des Bundesarbeitsgerichts - Hausarbeit für das Modul Grundlagen Recht T3 - Studentische Arbeitspapiere im Bereich Recht - 29 Y1 - 2022 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:hbz:1383-opus4-15582 ER - TY - THES A1 - Vela, Gianfranco T1 - Anwendbarkeit des Gamification Frameworks Octalysis auf Multibankingapps N2 - Ziel der vorliegenden Abschlussarbeit war es, ausgewählte Multibankingapps anhand des von Yu-Kai Chou entworfenen Gamification Frameworks Octalysis (Y.-k. Chou, 2019) zu analysie- ren, um daraufhin eine Aussage über die Anwendbarkeit des Frameworks auf Multibankingapps treffen zu können. Mithilfe des Design Pattern Canvas (Žavcer u. a., 2015) wurde ein Arte- fakt geschaffen, welches Entwicklern solcher Apps erlaubt, die im Framework beschriebenen Core Drives auf die Anwendung abzustimmen. Die Anwendbarkeit des Frameworks wurde zwar durch die Analyse bestätigt, jedoch ergaben sich weitere Abhängigkeiten, welche grundlegend für eine erfolgreiche Anwendung sind. Darunter zählt beispielsweise die Offenheit der Nutzer gegenüber Finanzthemen. Y1 - 2021 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:hbz:1383-opus4-11349 ER - TY - RPRT A1 - Rothe, Andrea T1 - Was sind die Mediengrundrechte des Art. 5 GG und was sagt die Rechtsprechung des Bundesverfassungsgerichts dazu? N2 - In diesem Arbeitspapier, das an der Fakultät für Kommunikation und Umwelt der Hochschule Rhein-Waal entstanden ist, werden anhand des Artikels 5 des Grundgesetzes (GG), die Mediengrundrechte erläutert und mit Fallbeispielen aus der Rechtsprechung mit genauen Quellenangaben ergänzt. T3 - Studentische Arbeitspapiere im Bereich Recht - 24 KW - Mediengrundrechte Y1 - 2022 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:hbz:1383-opus4-13009 ER - TY - THES A1 - Zelle, Philipp T1 - Untersuchung der npm Registry auf die Codequalität ihrer Pakete N2 - The aim of this project was to check whether the code quality of a npm package has an impact on some of its other properties. To check possible connections, lots of data had to be gathered. This was done by collecting available information from the GitHub and npm API about each package. Additionally, packages were downloaded to analyze them with cloc for data about the amount of lines of code, and with eslint to check the package for possible errors. This process was conducted for almost all packages with a public GitHub repository, and in more detail for the most downloaded packages. Results show that for top packages less errors lead to more popularity, this does not apply to the whole npm registry though. Furthermore, in both cases, more con- tributors in the repository lead to fewer errors. Lastly, it’s shown that the more recent packages were updated, the more popular they were and the count of packages in- creases the more recent their update was. Y1 - 2022 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:hbz:1383-opus4-13148 ER - TY - THES A1 - Bergfeld, Lena T1 - Irrglaube oder Wirklichkeit: Können narzisstische Individuen anderen verzeihen? N2 - Die vorliegende Arbeit untersucht den Zusammenhang zwischen Narzissmus und Verzeihen. Als weiterer möglicher Einflussfaktor wird die Emotionsregulation herangezogen. Mithilfe eines online Fragebogens, bestehend aus dem NPI-d-17, dem deutschen Vergebungsfragebogen und dem ERQ-d, wurden zwei Hypothesen untersucht. Die beiden Hypothesen umfassten 1) Je höher die Ausprägungen im Narzissmus, desto geringer sind die Werte im Verzeihen und 2) Der Zusammenhang von Narzissmus und Verzeihen wird durch die Fähigkeit zur Emotionsregulation beeinflusst. Es konnte eine Stichprobe von N = 119 Teilnehmenden generiert werden. Es konnte kein signifikanter Zusammenhang zwischen Narzissmus und Verzeihen mittels einfacher Korrelation gefunden werden. Ebenfalls konnte mithilfe einer multiplen Regression kein Einfluss der Emotionsregulation auf den Zusammenhang von Narzissmus und Verzeihen nachgewiesen werden. Somit müssen sowohl Hypothese 1 als auch Hypothese 2 verworfen werden. N2 - This paper examines the relationship between narcissism and forgiveness. Emotion regulation is used as another possible influencing factor. Using an online questionnaire consisting of the NPI-d-17, the German Forgiveness Questionnaire, and the ERQ-d, two hypotheses were examined. The two hypotheses included 1) The higher the expressions in narcissism, the lower the scores in forgiveness and 2) The relationship between narcissism and forgiveness is influenced by the ability to regulate emotions. A sample of N = 119 participants was generated. No significant correlation could be found between narcissism and forgiveness using simple correlation. Likewise, using multiple regression, no influence of emotion regulation on the relationship between narcissism and forgiveness could be demonstrated. Thus, both hypothesis 1 and hypothesis 2 must be rejected. Y1 - 2022 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:hbz:1383-opus4-13223 ER -