@techreport{Schlueter, type = {Working Paper}, author = {Schl{\"u}ter, Esther}, title = {What is the legal role of the European Central Bank (ECB) in monetary policy?}, series = {Arbeitspapier}, journal = {Arbeitspapier}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:hbz:1383-opus4-5645}, pages = {6}, abstract = {In this working paper, which was created at the Faculty of Communication and Environment of the Rhine-Waal University of Applied Sciences, the legal role of the European Central Bank (ECB) in monetary policy is discussed, and exact sources are given.}, language = {en} } @masterthesis{Lambach, type = {Bachelor Thesis}, author = {Lambach, Laura Maximiliane}, title = {Gender pay gap and women's representation in managerial positions - The cases of Australian and German managers' remuneration and gender allocation}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:hbz:1383-opus4-5838}, school = {Hochschule Rhein-Waal}, pages = {91}, abstract = {Women in managerial positions are still underrepresented and receive lower remuneration than male managers. The thesis aims at identifying factors which have an impact on managers' unbalanced gender presence and pay. A comparative country case study examines the situation in Australia and Germany. Results show that women's high share in part-time employment, tradition, their choice of profession and behavior (influenced by stereotypes) have a significant impact on women's earnings and career advancement. Existing policies in both countries that demand equal treatment of genders in the work environment are criticized for lack of effectiveness. Although measures combating gender inequality have been improving female managers' situation, a balanced share of women and men in management and equal pay can only be achieved if the perception of societies with regard to gender roles and stereotypes conduct a structural change towards an egalitarian gender role concept.}, language = {en} } @misc{Oyewole, type = {Master Thesis}, author = {Oyewole, Oluwabusayomi}, title = {Conversational design: the use of chatbot as an electoral information dissemination tool}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:hbz:1383-opus4-4294}, school = {Hochschule Rhein-Waal}, pages = {98}, abstract = {A steady decline in voter turnout has been recorded in many democratic countries, with young people (i.e Gen Z and Millennials) identified as a significant portion of those who don't vote. Research has shown that one of the reasons young people do not vote is a lack of information about the electoral process, candidates and policies. Studies have also shown that preferred information dissemination medium is aligned across age groups, with older people trusting old media such as newspapers and young people leaning towards new media such as social media. With the recent advancement in machine learning, natural language interface and popularity of conversational agents such as chatbots, a new subset of new media has emerged. This study aims to investigate if chatbots could be an efficient medium for young people to access electoral information. It does this by comparing it with a website, using the EU electoral page as a case study. Based on the content of the EU electoral webpage, a chatbot was designed, trained and deployed on Telegram. Participants were randomly divided into two experimental groups (chatbot and website) and asked to find a list of crucial information, interact with the medium and then respond to the System usability scale (SUS), and a perception questionnaire. Observed data and interview notes were also taken. Analysis of the experimental data, observed data and surveys demonstrated that chatbot as a tool is inefficient as an electoral information tool because of the limitation of chatbot when out of scope questions are asked and limitation in following conversation contexts which is crucial to conversations. However, it is rated as above average on usability and joy of use, but raises questions on trust and data protection. It is recommended that the study be performed again when there are more advances to natural language processing to see if its efficiency as an electoral information medium will improve. A longitudinal study is also recommended to see if there's a direct impact of chatbots as a tool, on young people's motivation to vote.}, language = {en} } @misc{Khalifeh, type = {Master Thesis}, author = {Khalifeh, Amro}, title = {Analysis of the Perceived Effectiveness of Design Sprints in Corporations: A Study Based on Qualitative Interviews with Practitioners from Startups and Large Enterprises}, school = {Hochschule Rhein-Waal}, abstract = {Purpose — The purpose of this thesis is to evaluate the perceived effectiveness of the Design Sprint process according to practitioners in the field, and investigate optimal contexts of use as well as the limitations of the process. Design/Methodology — A qualitative study based on interviews conducted with eleven practitioners from startups and large enterprises. Data from the interviews were analyzed, interpreted, and related to the existing literature in order to answer the research questions. Findings — The hypotheses regarding the effectiveness of Design Sprint and its role in enabling efficient and effective decision-making were validated by the eleven practitioners who took part in the research. Additionally, patterns regarding optimal contexts of use of Design Sprint were identified, namely kickstarting product development initiatives and creating innovative solutions, as well as limitations of Design Sprint such as its limited use for exploring the problem space of challenge. Limitations — The research is limited by the small number of eleven participants and the lack of quantitative data. Practical Implications — The study provides useful information to researchers as well as practitioners enabling them to understand the effectiveness of Design Sprint in real-world contexts. The data from this research can be used to further investigate the topic of Design Sprint in the literature while providing practitioners with insights to help them decide in which contexts it would be best to deploy Design Sprint and gain internal support for using Design Sprint. Originality/Value — This is the first qualitative research that investigates the effectiveness of Design Sprint and academically validates its claims of value. Keywords — Design Sprint, product development, innovation, process}, language = {en} } @masterthesis{Wiesel, type = {Bachelor Thesis}, author = {Wiesel, Anika}, title = {Das Lebenslange Lernen in der Berufswelt}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:hbz:1383-opus4-4383}, school = {Hochschule Rhein-Waal}, pages = {60}, abstract = {Die traditionelle Berufswelt, die nach der Erstausbildung geradlinig verl{\"a}uft, existiert schon lange nicht mehr. Kontinuierliche Ver{\"a}nderungen, die geringe Haltbarkeit von Wissen und die zunehmende Komplexit{\"a}t der Berufswelt sorgen f{\"u}r die wachsende Bedeutung des Lebenslangen Lernens. Deshalb stehen Arbeitnehmer*innen heute vor der Herausforderung, in der Berufsphase zu lernen und sich neue Kompetenzen anzueignen. Obwohl es eine Vielzahl an Kompetenzmodellen f{\"u}r das Lebenslange Lernen gibt, beziehen sich diese meistens auf die Umsetzung in der Schule. Bez{\"u}glich des Themas Lebenslanges Lernen und Kompetenzen in der Berufswelt existiert noch eine Forschungsl{\"u}cke. Um diese zu schließen wird in dieser Arbeit (1) eine Einf{\"u}hrung in die Thematik Lebenslanges Lernen und Kompetenzmodelle gegeben sowie (2) Kompetenzmodelle hinsichtlich ihrer benannten Kompetenzen analysiert und vor dem Hintergrund des Lebenslangen Lernens in der Berufswelt beurteilt. Das Ergebnis zeigt, dass die Kompetenzen Kommunikation, Kollaboration, Kreativit{\"a}t, kritisches Denken, Probleml{\"o}sekompetenz, digitale Kompetenz, kulturelle Kompetenz, Informationsmanagement, Selbststeuerung, Flexibilit{\"a}t, ethisches Bewusstsein und unternehmerische Kompetenz das Lebenslange Lernen in der Berufswelt f{\"o}rdern. Weitere Faktoren, welche f{\"u}r das Lebenslange Lernen in der Berufswelt ber{\"u}cksichtigt werden m{\"u}ssen, sind: Sinnhaftigkeit, Anwendungsm{\"o}glichkeit und Motivation. Eine Einschr{\"a}nkung dieser Arbeit ist, dass sich nicht alle der analysierten Kompetenzmodelle auf die Berufswelt beziehen, weshalb fraglich ist, wie geeignet die verwendeten Kompetenzmodelle f{\"u}r die Untersuchung sind. Durch die Ergebnisse dieser Arbeit wird hervorgehoben, dass bez{\"u}glich des Themas Lebenslanges Lernen und Kompetenzen in der Berufswelt weiterhin Forschungsbedarf besteht. Zuk{\"u}nftige Forschung k{\"o}nnte die durch diese Arbeit gewonnen Ergebnisse durch noch erg{\"a}nzende Untersuchungen mit anderen oder weiteren Kompetenzmodellen erweitern.}, language = {de} } @masterthesis{Wissigkeit, type = {Bachelor Thesis}, author = {Wissigkeit, Tobias}, title = {Motivating children to eat vegetables by enhancing meals with digital media}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:hbz:1383-opus4-4708}, school = {Hochschule Rhein-Waal}, pages = {34}, abstract = {Digital media is finding its way into all parts of life, even eating. The gamification of food is experimented with, mainly for recreational purposes. But it could also be used to achieve a different goal. In this work, an approach to motivating children to eat and like vegetables more is explored. First, the basic perception of vegetables by children is examined and various ideas for games are explored with Cooperative Inquiry. These can be grouped into three categories: building, challenge and randomness. Possible prototypes have been discussed in form of text. A building game has been tested and it had a positive effect on the perception of vegetables of the participating children. However, only few children were available to work with, making further studies necessary.}, language = {en} } @masterthesis{Rau, type = {Bachelor Thesis}, author = {Rau, Katja}, title = {Impact Investments - A Performance Analysis of Impact Funds}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:hbz:1383-opus4-5326}, school = {Hochschule Rhein-Waal}, pages = {66}, abstract = {Impact investing emerged as an investment option that can bridge the gap between funding from governments and philanthropist to combat social and environmental challenges (Bugg-Levine \& Goldstein, 2009, p.41). However, many skeptical voices arise regarding impact investing, because some issues hinder the growth the impact investing market (Gray et al., 2015, p.3). Regulatory intervention is needed to overcome the persisting challenges (Martin, 2013, p.18). Therefore, a literature review was undertaken in order to give an overview of existing regulatory measures and initiatives that have been implemented in different regions to foster the growth of the impact investing market, especially in the light of the taxonomy that was recently proposed by the EU. The literature review revealed that many regulations and initiatives have been established across the world, however the regulatory environment regarding impact investing is currently fragmented. Therefore, it is important that governments collaborate to uniformize regulations on a global level. Furthermore, this paper aims to find out how impact funds perform financially in comparison to conventional funds. In order to answer that question a performance analysis, using the Sharpe Ratio as a performance indicator, was conducted. The performance analysis indicated that impact funds perform slightly better than conventional funds. The result goes in line with existing studies that have analyzed the performance of impact investments. This paper indicates that impact investments can compete with conventional investments, but that there is still a lot to be done to bring the market to scale.}, language = {en} } @techreport{Gooren, type = {Working Paper}, author = {Gooren, Lutz}, title = {Verwaltungsrecht}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:hbz:1383-opus4-5388}, pages = {6}, abstract = {In diesem Arbeitspapier, das an der Fakult{\"a}t f{\"u}r Kommunikation und Umwelt der Hochschule Rhein-Waal entstanden ist, werden die juristischen Grundlagen und aktuelle F{\"a}lle der Rechtsprechung er{\"o}rtert und mit genauen Quellenangaben versehen.}, language = {de} } @techreport{Topp, type = {Working Paper}, author = {Topp, Patrick}, title = {Wehrdienst und Ersatzdienst im Grundgesetz}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:hbz:1383-opus4-5391}, pages = {6}, abstract = {Dieses Arbeitspapier befasst sich mit dem Wehr- und Ersatzdienst im Grundgesetz.}, language = {de} } @techreport{Hoefs, type = {Working Paper}, author = {Hoefs, Phillip}, title = {Verwaltungsrecht}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:hbz:1383-opus4-5419}, pages = {6}, abstract = {In diesem Arbeitspapier, das an der Fakult{\"a}t f{\"u}r Kommunikation und Umwelt der Hochschule Rhein-Waal entstanden ist, werden die juristischen Grundlagen und aktuelle F{\"a}lle der Rechtsprechung er{\"o}rtert und mit genauen Quellenangaben versehen.}, language = {de} } @techreport{Thomas, type = {Working Paper}, author = {Thomas, Tobias}, title = {Versammlungsfreiheit in der Verfassung}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:hbz:1383-opus4-5423}, pages = {6}, abstract = {Die Versammlungsfreiheit und ihre Rechte. Folgend auch die Auswirkungen der Versammlungsfreiheit w{\"a}hrend der Covid-19 Pandemie.}, language = {de} } @techreport{Horsch, type = {Working Paper}, author = {Horsch, Robin}, title = {Staatsmerkmale}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:hbz:1383-opus4-5439}, pages = {6}, abstract = {In diesem Arbeitspapier, das an der Fakult{\"a}t f{\"u}r Kommunikation und Umwelt der Hochschule Rhein-Waal entstanden ist, werden die juristischen Grundlagen und aktuelle F{\"a}lle der Rechtsprechung, zum Thema Staatsmerkmale, er{\"o}rtert und mit genauen Quellenangaben versehen.}, language = {de} } @masterthesis{Muzipova, type = {Bachelor Thesis}, author = {Muzipova, Zarina}, title = {Forewarned is forearmed: Einfluss der Copingstrategien auf das Niveau der Gesundheitskompetenz}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:hbz:1383-opus4-5529}, school = {Hochschule Rhein-Waal}, pages = {83}, abstract = {Gesundheitskompetenz wird als ein kompetenter Umgang mit gesundheitsrelevanten Informationen definiert, welcher gewisse F{\"a}higkeiten, Motivation und Wissen umfasst, um im allt{\"a}glichen Leben gesundheitsf{\"o}rderliche Entscheidungen treffen zu k{\"o}nnen. Studien (Schaeffer, Vogt, Berens, \& Hurrelmann, 2016; S{\o}rensen, et al., 2012) konzentrieren sich auf Einfl{\"u}sse verschiedener sozial-demografischer Determinanten zur F{\"o}rderung der Gesundheitskompetenz. Diese Arbeit untersucht den Einfluss der pers{\"o}nlichen Determinanten, wie Coping, auf die esundheitskompetenz. Es nahmen 131 deutschsprachige Studierende an der Online-Befragung teil. Neben der subjektiven Einsch{\"a}tzung der eigenen Gesundheitskompetenz sowie dem Niveau des proaktiven und pr{\"a}ventiven Copings wurden ebenfalls sozio-demografische Merkmale erhoben. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass sich zwischen der Gesundheitskompetenz und pr{\"a}ventivem Coping (r(129) = .321***, p < .001) eine h{\"o}here Korrelation als zwischen der Gesundheitskompetenz und dem proaktiven Coping (r(129) = .271**, p = .002) ergibt. Dar{\"u}ber hinaus wurde festgestellt, dass der {\"u}berwiegende Anteil der Befragten (n = 92; 70,2\%) {\"u}ber eine limitierte Gesundheitskompetenz verf{\"u}gt. Schwierigkeiten bereiten den Versuchspersonen Informationen aus dem Bereich Gesundheitsf{\"o}rderung zu verarbeiten und bei den Bearbeitungsschritten wie das Finden der gesundheitsbezogenen Informationen sowie das Beurteilen der gewonnen Informationen.}, language = {de} } @masterthesis{Kurtz, type = {Bachelor Thesis}, author = {Kurtz, Lara}, title = {Erinnerung an Zuk{\"u}nftiges: Kann Achtsamkeitspraxis das prospektive Ged{\"a}chtnis verbessern? Ein experimenteller Gruppenvergleich}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:hbz:1383-opus4-4478}, school = {Hochschule Rhein-Waal}, pages = {69}, abstract = {Die vorliegende Arbeit untersuchte durch einen experimentellen Gruppenvergleich die Auswirkung einer 10-min{\"u}tigen Achtsamkeitspraxis auf die prospektive Ged{\"a}chtnisleistung. Hierbei wurde sowohl eine fokale als auch eine nonfokale PM-Aufgabe getestet, da f{\"u}r letztere die Notwendigkeit eines st{\"a}rkeren Einsatzes strategischer {\"U}berwachungs- und Kontrollprozesse angenommen wird. Basierend auf Befunden, dass diese exekutiven Funktionen durch eine Achtsamkeitspraxis unterst{\"u}tzt werden k{\"o}nnen, wurde die Annahme {\"u}berpr{\"u}ft, dass Meditierende im Vergleich zur Kontrollgruppe eine verbesserte Leistung in der nonfokalen Bedingung zeigen. In beiden Gruppen wurden jeweils 12 Studierende in 45-min{\"u}tigen Einzelsitzungen getestet. Die statistische Analyse der Reaktionszeiten und Genauigkeiten dieses Between-Within Designs zeigte keine signifikanten Effekte der Gruppenzugeh{\"o}rigkeit und/oder Aufgaben-Bedingung. Auch die erfasste Achtsamkeitsauspr{\"a}gung {\"u}ber die gesamte Stichprobe hinweg, welche mit dem Freiburger Fragebogen zur Achtsamkeit erhoben wurde, zeigte keinen signifikanten Zusammenhang zu der prospektiven Ged{\"a}chtnisleistung oder den Reaktionszeiten. In der Diskussion werden m{\"o}gliche Gr{\"u}nde f{\"u}r diese Befunde aufgezeigt sowie vor allem die Limitationen des Versuchsaufbaus kritisch betrachtet. Hervorgehoben werden die hypothesenunterst{\"u}tzenden Tendenzen der Daten, welche auf die Notwendigkeit weiterer Erforschung des erstmals untersuchten Zusammenhangs zwischen Achtsamkeit und prospektiven Ged{\"a}chtnis hinweisen.}, language = {de} } @masterthesis{Kieroth, type = {Bachelor Thesis}, author = {Kieroth, Alexander}, title = {An optimization approach for the distribution logistics using the example of the Vital Centrum Hodey KG}, school = {Hochschule Rhein-Waal}, abstract = {This thesis analyses how the Travelling Salesman Problem can be solved by applying the Simplex LP and the Evolutionary Algorithm with regards to driven kilometres. Each algorithm is solved by using the Excel Solver add-in provided by Microsoft Excel. The results of the two different algorithms are compared with the results of the route planning software PTV Map\&Guide Online for the purpose of having a proof that the software works efficiently. Using a cost analysis, the costs for delivering goods are calculated and compared with an external supplier who acted as the outbound logistics for the company HODEY. Now that the delivery is insourced, the costs can be reduced and HODEY gains more control over the outbound logistics. An approach on how to reduce the stop times at the customers' homes is analysed. Thus, the analysis provides information regarding where the delivery driver wastes most of their time. Additionally, an available space calculation of the delivery vehicles is carried out for the dispatching department of the company to avoid interim loading or unloading not planned for a delivery or retrieval tour}, language = {en} } @masterthesis{Zerwas, type = {Bachelor Thesis}, author = {Zerwas, Marvin}, title = {Financial Stability of Football Clubs: Theoretical Background and Empirical Analysis of Selected European Clubs}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:hbz:1383-opus4-6322}, school = {Hochschule Rhein-Waal}, pages = {58}, abstract = {Professional football's economic attractiveness is enormous due to its popularity and broad anchoring in society. Consequently, the conditions for clubs have also changed. Today it is not only important to be successful in sports, but also to do business in a solid and sustainable way. Nevertheless, many clubs are still not able to do so. This is due on the one hand to a lack of experience and deficits in the management and control systems and on the other hand to the mindset to buy sporting success by all means. This frequently leads to clubs operating beyond their means and regularly posting high losses. Sustainable investments and future growth are often disregarded. That is why UEFA decided to introduce the Financial Fair play regulations in the year 2013. The rule is in place to avoid debt and to ensure healthy business operations over the long term. The analysis shows that in 2018 clubs will be more focused on using less debt to finance their activities and will be able to pay more debt than in 2012.}, language = {en} } @masterthesis{Theiler, type = {Bachelor Thesis}, author = {Theiler, Jason}, title = {Implementierung und iterative Entwicklung eines Konzepts f{\"u}r eine Wissensduell-Applikation im Kontext von Serious Games}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:hbz:1383-opus4-15988}, school = {Hochschule Rhein-Waal}, pages = {74}, abstract = {This bachelor thesis accompanies and documents the implementation and first step in the iterative development of a concept for a knowledge duel application. The application's goal is to exploit a player's playfulness and competitiveness, in order to learn new information and reinforce previously acquired knowledge. The concept was developed in cooperation with the B{\"a}umer, Afonso, Meissner GmbH. Because of its goal, the concept and its implementation are analyzed in the context of serious games. To achieve this, the thesis first examines the meaning of the serious games term and what their most significant attributes are. It also explores some state of the art systems and concepts of all the implementation's related fields. After extensive documentation of the concept and its implementation in the form of the web application called sw¨up, a formative evaluation using the results of several semi-structured interviews takes place. Following that, the thesis further explores possible improvements and new features for later iterations of the application. The evaluation shows that sw¨up happens to be a very intuitive, performant and both optically and structurally well designed application. Additionally several problem fixes and improvements were found while evaluating the interviews' results. While it is shown that sw¨up shares many similarities with a serious game, it can not be proven with the acquired results that sw¨up can effectively cause a learning effect and thus be considered a serious game. This remains to be determined by further, more in-depth tests and evaluations.}, language = {de} } @masterthesis{Hinz, type = {Bachelor Thesis}, author = {Hinz, Nikola}, title = {Brand Equity's Impact on Firm Performance and the Supporting Role of Social Media}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:hbz:1383-opus4-15258}, school = {Hochschule Rhein-Waal}, pages = {36}, abstract = {The 21st-century has brought about a range of new, digital media which have experienced an exponential growth in popularity. This has been further supported by the emergence of social media, which provides users a platform for social networking and brands and firms an opportunity to reach consumers in a new manner. The integration of social media into marketing communications of a firm offers numerous benefits, including the strengthening of branding activities and the creation of heightened levels of brand equity, which ultimately translate into increased levels of financial performance as a result of increased sales and augmented pricing strategies and overall firm performance. Due to the tremendous impact of social media platforms, it is necessary for firms to strategically assess this topic and to consider numerous aspects to be able to fully grasp the benefits social media inherits. Therefore, a practical model was developed, which provides firms with a strategic approach towards integrating social media into their marketing practices and provides means for monitoring and controlling the new marketing channel. By utilizing social media, firms and brands can augment their overall performance as well as brand equity levels, which provides them with a competitive advantage and positioning in the market against the multitude of competitors. However, due to the dynamic nature of the sphere of social media, new developments and changes must be closely observed and adapted to, which requires an agile management and marketing of firms, as well as the allocation of adequate resources.}, language = {en} } @masterthesis{Kreitzen, type = {Bachelor Thesis}, author = {Kreitzen, Nora}, title = {Comparative Study on Greenwashing in the Cosmetis Industry: A Content Analysis}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:hbz:1383-opus4-14481}, school = {Hochschule Rhein-Waal}, pages = {77}, abstract = {As climate change and the pollution of the planet become an increasing problem, consumers are becoming more environmentally aware and demand sustainable business practices from companies and sustainable ingredients to be used in cosmetic products. But not all companies operating in the cosmetics industry are able to hold true to the promise of sustainable actions and deceive consumers by misleading and false statements and behaviour, thus utilise "Greenwashing". Nowadays, greenwashing is a well-know practice reducing trust in a brand and diminish its reputation. Therefore, the question arises what advantages companies generate by using greenwashing schemes. This study is based on the content analysis according to Kuckartz and detects misleading claims in sustainability reports and other non-financial reports. Therein, companies focus on presenting themselves as environmentally friendly and aim at improving their actions by highlight partnerships with NGOs to appear more sustainable. Thus, the reports are used as a marketing tool to attract stakeholders. But there are several lawsuits and articles against companies in the cosmetics industry implying otherwise and proving false and misleading statements regarding cosmetics, the ingredients, and the packaging. Meaning, companies attract more customers by seemingly meeting their demand for natural cosmetics and sustainable packaging, and therefore generate a larger consumer base implying higher profit.}, language = {en} } @masterthesis{TranBui, type = {Bachelor Thesis}, author = {Tran Bui, Minh Anh}, title = {Initial Exchange Offerings and the Presence of Underpricing}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:hbz:1383-opus4-14682}, school = {Hochschule Rhein-Waal}, pages = {92}, abstract = {Cryptocurrency and blockchain entail various disruptive aspects, especially in finance. One of them is the formation of new financing mechanisms through the offer of tokens. Although they have opened new avenues for investors and allowed a vast number of entrepreneurs to raise a substantial amount of capital, the knowledge about their economic purposes and performance remains fragmented and heterogeneous. While initial coin offering (ICO) has been a more prominent focus in past studies, few to none encompass initial exchange offering (IEO). This paper is leveraged to address this gap and to provide a better understanding of IEO by primarily analysing the shift from crowdfunding, then, it considers the underlying technology and the wide variety of tokens. Subsequently, the main rationales are underlined, dividing into the incentives for both entrepreneurs and investors as well as challenges around the concept. Followed by an empirical examination and theoretical explanations for the findings of underpricing in this novel mechanism, in certain cases, results are connected to earlier ICO and IPO studies. For this research, a sample of 105 IEOs was manually collected and statistical descriptive tools, as well as a robust regression model, were conducted. It is discovered that the presence of underpricing is significant and IEOs are subject to heavy underpricing. Moreover, a set of variables that could influence the magnitude of underpricing was presented, suggesting for instance that greater issue size has significant effects whereas an optimistic market would likely increase underpricing.}, language = {en} } @misc{Yergaliyev, type = {Master Thesis}, author = {Yergaliyev, Adil}, title = {Continuous security testing for an existing client-server application}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:hbz:1383-opus4-13748}, school = {Hochschule Rhein-Waal}, pages = {87}, abstract = {DevSecOps has become a new paradigm in the technology world in a very short time. Despite the fact that there is a lot of talk about it, but in practice it is much more complicated. This paper shows one way to automate security testing on an established client-server application. This research aims to find out if it is possible to improve quality standards by automating security testing and reducing human effort. One of the goals is to find reliable sources on information security management and practices known today. The next goal is to determine which components of the application to perform security analysis on. We took the Open Web Application Security Project (OWASP) as a reliable source and began to examine the Top 10 web application security risks. The research needed to understand how this could be further applied to our client-server application. As a result, we ran a manual experiment on the application following the OWASP Top 10 guidelines. After achieving some results in the manual experiment, we already had an idea of what to test and tools to automate. We managed to automate 4 out of 10 categories, which took us about 2.5 months. On average, automated testing takes 38 minutes across 4 categories. In conclusion, it should be noted that automating security testing costs a lot of effort and resources. Based on the example of our work, we can say for sure that it is necessary to properly prioritize resources and smoothly move to automation. The approach to cyber security analysis and automation will be different for each project. Nevertheless, information security in the vastness of the Internet was, is and will be, regardless of how technology evolves.}, subject = {DevSecOps}, language = {en} } @misc{Bolaji, type = {Master Thesis}, author = {Bolaji, Elizabeth Oluwatobi}, title = {User Involvement in FinTech Product Design}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:hbz:1383-opus4-13809}, school = {Hochschule Rhein-Waal}, pages = {115}, abstract = {This thesis investigates the user involvement practices in the product design process of FinTech UX practitioners mainly located in Nigeria. The study aims to identify the design activities used to involve users, the methods the practitioners used, the challenges they faced, and how they measured the impact of these activities. The study used an online survey research method to collect quantitative and qualitative data from 62 respondents. Results from the survey show that user involvement is mainly done during testing. However, it is less prevalent during the software design activity. Some of the significant challenges reported are user recruitment, user participation, user requests, budget, and time constraints. A mix of direct and indirect user involvement methods were also reported, such as surveys, observational techniques, user interviews, data analytic tools, user communities, and social media platforms. To measure the impact of user involvement, the practitioners mainly depended on analytical data, user feedback, and reviews. For most of the practitioners, user involvement is not well established in their design process possibly due to the project-related, user-related, or organizational-related constraints reported in this study.}, language = {en} } @misc{Ladani, type = {Master Thesis}, author = {Ladani, Siddhi}, title = {An exploratory study of how to effectively communicate the level of hotness/spiciness of food items}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:hbz:1383-opus4-13815}, school = {Hochschule Rhein-Waal}, pages = {70}, abstract = {Preferences for spiciness in food varies greatly from person to person. In addition, the notion of spiciness itself varies greatly from culture to culture and from region to region making it hard to effectively represent and communicate the level of spiciness of food items in restaurant menus and food packaging. In this study we explore the use of virtual taste sensation as a means of effectively communicating the desired or available level of spiciness between the consumer and the provider. Based on prior research on electrical and thermal stimulation of taste sensations, we have developed a device capable of simulating the sensation of hotness on the human tongue through the use of a low voltage electrical current delivered via a set of electrodes and control panel. The development process of the device consisted of the following two steps: 1. We conducted an observational study in which participants were asked to rate their spiciness preference using a commonly used hot sauce which was mixed with either water or rice. 2. Participants were asked to match their spiciness preference using the device at different voltage levels. Although the device only generates the stinging sensation and not the full flavour sensation associated with a spice such as a chili pepper it proved effective in assessing and communicating the spiciness preference of the study participants. Thus, we argue the device holds great promise for developing applications focused on communicating spiciness levels, e.g. the spiciness of the contents of a food package, the spiciness of items in a restaurant menu, or the spiciness of various chili peppers in a market.}, language = {en} } @masterthesis{MitchelldeMoraisPereira, type = {Bachelor Thesis}, author = {Mitchell de Morais Pereira, Amanda}, title = {NATION BRANDING THROUGH CULTURE EXPORT SYSTEM MODEL. The implicit relationship of the South Korean Government Nation Branding and the Creative Industry: 1990-2021}, school = {Hochschule Rhein-Waal}, abstract = {This thesis contributed to the fields of Policy Science and Nation Branding by creating a systematic analysis of actors' behavior, and analyzing in-depth the dynamics of South Korea's government-related actors who are involved with culture-related strategies. South Korea was used as the base for the modeling, considering its observed success in integrated strategies to promote the countries' image through culture. The Nation Branding model proposed, has culture as its main driver, focusing on content creation and culture-related collaborations as the main tactic to disseminate culture and information, seeking to leave positive impressions on the foreign public, increasing the country-affinity factor in decision-making. The model's main characteristic is task-focused structuring and flexible boundaries. Defined boundaries and action limitations would preclude collabotrations and similar efforts by different actors. Overlapping efforts in this model are not a waste of energy, as all actors use the same tool: culture; the more positive value each actor can produce regarding culture will be added as a resource to the other actors. The model proposed in this paper is based on only one known strategy, yet, it provides enough information for a starting point; further research of other systems and comparative studies are necessary to develop and test the model.}, language = {en} } @masterthesis{Ashour, type = {Bachelor Thesis}, author = {Ashour, Ahmed}, title = {Self-Calibration of lateration-based localization systems}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:hbz:1383-opus4-15148}, school = {Hochschule Rhein-Waal}, pages = {61}, abstract = {Localization systems play an essential role in many applications nowadays; they are implemented in industrial, commercial, and even personal applications; it is always essential for some applications to pinpoint the location of a person or an object in space. In this thesis, I focus on lateration-based localization systems consisting of several stationary nodes or stations and several mobile stations or devices. Lateration techniques are used to find the relative distances between the static nodes and the mobile devices, such as time of arrival (TOA), time difference of arrival (TDoA), and round-trip time (RTT). The location of the static nodes needs to be known to find the mobile device's location; thus, the system needs to be calibrated by entering the exact location of the static component to find the location of the mobile devices. In this thesis, I discuss the possibility of self-calibrating a lateration-based localization system by taking the relative measurements of a mobile device to the static nodes at random times without initially knowing either the mobile device's location or the locations of the static nodes. After modeling the system mathematically, I show that it is possible to detect the positions of the static nodes by deriving a nonlinear model of the geometric configuration that can be solved after making several assumptions by using numerical and optimization approaches, such as the trial-and-error or the Levenberg-Marquardt algorithm, it is possible to detect the positions of the static nodes; however, there are some limitations to this method as it requires a certain number of static nodes and a minimum number of recorded measurements to be able to find a unique solution to the system; these constraints differ depending on the nature of the system and the lateration technique used to record the measurements.}, language = {en} } @masterthesis{Lippmann, type = {Bachelor Thesis}, author = {Lippmann, Viola}, title = {Wie erleben Studierende ihr aktuelles Wohlbefinden w{\"a}hrend der Online-Lehre? Welche Meinungen vertreten sie zur digitalen Kommunikation seitens ihrer Hochschule?}, school = {Hochschule Rhein-Waal}, abstract = {Mentales Wohlbefinden ist ein Teil der Gesundheit (WHO, 1946). Seit Beginn der Pandemie ist dieses bei den meisten, insbesondere bei jungen Menschen, zur{\"u}ckgegangen (Cox et al., 2020). Aufgrund der Isolation muss die Lehre online stattfinden, was mit vielen negativen Aspekten, wie weniger Spaß am Lernen, weniger Motivation, Stress und geringeren Leistungen einhergeht (Prowse et al., 2021). Es werden nur wenig positive Aspekte genannt, z. B. der Wegfall des Fahrweges und das individuelle Zeitmanagement (Traus et al., 2020). Ziel der Studie ist es, den aktuellen mentalen Wohlbefindenszustand (MWZ) der Studierenden und ihre Ansichten zur digitalen Kommunikation an ihrer Hochschule (HS) zu analysieren. Das Messinstrument ist das qualitative teilstrukturierte Interview, da das Ziel die Erfassung individueller Meinungen ist und das Thema noch recht neu ist. Die Fallauswahl beschr{\"a}nkt sich auf acht junge Studierende aus verschiedenen Teilen Deutschlands, die in unterschiedlichen Studieng{\"a}ngen eingeschrieben sind. Die Auswertungsmethode ist die qualitative Inhaltsanalyse nach Mayring. Das Wohlbefinden der Studierenden hat sich verschlechtert, vor allem aufgrund des mangelnden sozialen Miteinanders. Die Studierenden m{\"o}chten wieder ins normale Studierendenleben zur{\"u}ckkehren. Bei der digitalen Kommunikation wird bspw. die Organisation des Pr{\"u}fungsmanagements kritisiert, dass die Informationen sehr sp{\"a}t bekannt gemacht werden und die große Anzahl an verschiedenen Lehrportalen. Die schnelle M{\"o}glichkeit, Fragen {\"u}ber Frageforen zu stellen, wird gelobt. Studierende w{\"u}nschen sich, ein paar offene Uni R{\"a}ume, f{\"u}r praktische T{\"a}tigkeiten, nutzen zu k{\"o}nnen. Nach Maslows stellen die sozialen Bed{\"u}rfnisse eine bedeutsame Ebene dar. Dadurch kann die hohe Bedeutung des sozialen Aspekts der Teilnehmenden begr{\"u}ndet werden. Zuk{\"u}nftige Forschungsarbeiten k{\"o}nnten die Risikofaktoren genauer betrachten und ebenfalls w{\"a}ren L{\"a}ngsschnittstudien interessant.}, language = {de} } @masterthesis{Okos, type = {Bachelor Thesis}, author = {Okos, Martin}, title = {Ethische und rechtliche Rahmenbedingungen des Maschinellen Lernens - eine systematische Analyse zur Konzeptualisierung und Regulation innerhalb der EU}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:hbz:1383-opus4-15170}, school = {Hochschule Rhein-Waal}, pages = {80}, abstract = {Die Entwicklungen des maschinellen Lernens und damit einhergehend auch der k{\"u}nstlichen Intelligenz umfassen immer mehr Anwendungsf{\"a}lle im t{\"a}glichen Leben. Je komplexer und autonomer diese Systeme werden, desto schwieriger l{\"a}sst sich ihr Verhalten prognostizieren und es ist nicht auszuschließen, dass Situationen entstehen, die ethische und rechtliche Fragen aufwerfen. Das Ziel dieser Arbeit ist die Untersuchung der erforderlichen Rahmenbedingungen f{\"u}r den Umgang mit diesen Technologien. Neben der Erkl{\"a}rung wesentlicher Begriffe aus dem Bereich der KI und Ethik werden durch die Recherche geeigneter Literatur {\"u}ber Pflegeroboter und dem autonomen Fahren zwei Anwendungsbereiche vorgestellt, die einen Bedarf an moralischen Maschinen aufweisen. Maßnahmen zur Regulierung innerhalb der Europ{\"a}ischen Union erfolgen durch das Anwenden bestehender und Erlassen neuer Gesetze sowie {\"u}ber die Definition ethischer Leitlinien, die ebenfalls als Teil der vorliegenden Arbeit behandelt werden.}, language = {de} } @masterthesis{Salobir, type = {Bachelor Thesis}, author = {Salobir, Jan}, title = {Relaunch eines Kommunalen Webauftritts beim KRZN}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:hbz:1383-opus4-15214}, school = {Hochschule Rhein-Waal}, pages = {42}, abstract = {In der Arbeit wird der Prozess des Relaunches eines kommunalen Webauftritts Schritt f{\"u}r Schritt analysiert und besonders darauf geachtet, wie die gesetzlichen Anforderungen f{\"u}r so einen Webauftritt umgesetzt werden.}, language = {de} } @misc{Akbik, type = {Master Thesis}, author = {Akbik, Hia}, title = {The Effect of Risk and Uncertainity on Purchasing Decisions}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:hbz:1383-opus4-15858}, school = {Hochschule Rhein-Waal}, pages = {95}, abstract = {The end of 2019 has brought upon the world a new virus called Covid-19 that has quickly evolved into a pandemic at the start of 2020. To control the spread of the virus, countries around the world were forced to implement various strict measures that includes travel bans, lockdowns, and limited social contacts. As per pervious pandemics, this crisis had severe consequences on economy, consumer behavior, purchasing decisions and people's mental and physical wellbeing. Consumers were forced to adapt and find alternatives that would fit the "new norm". This added to the psychological distress people were experi-encing and in turn increased their feeling of risk and uncertainty. Thus, this research con-ducts a semi-structured exploratory in-depth interview (N=16) to profoundly investigate the effect of risk and uncertainty on consumers' purchasing decisions in Germany. Find-ings of this study suggests that consumers with high uncertainty avoidance and high per-ceived risk are more likely to have a changed behavior. Their purchasing decisions are more oriented toward necessities and self-development products. On the other hand, con-sumers with low uncertainity avoidance and risk perception have experiences less change in terms of consumer behavior and purchasing decisions. The results of this research would help companies understand consumers' psychological needs which is often ne-glected in literature to provide the needed products and services. It would also benefit the academic and professional world by knowing what to expect during crisis and if changed behaviors will continue after the pandemic is over.}, language = {en} } @masterthesis{Ponten, type = {Bachelor Thesis}, author = {Ponten, Marvin}, title = {Visualisierung von Kulturg{\"u}tern am Beispiel der r{\"o}mischen Kaiserthermen in Trier als 3D Modell.}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:hbz:1383-opus4-15889}, school = {Hochschule Rhein-Waal}, pages = {49}, abstract = {This paper is a summary of the "Kaiserthermen Project'' for the "Landesmuseum Trier" and shows in detail how to convert a 3Ds Max 3D model for usage into an open source program like Blender. It tries to explain the basics of 3D modelling and compares it to the 3D modelling of cultural heritages. It should work as a form of manual to further convert different models into the FBX file format. It also aims to explain the high value of cultural heritage as a 3D model and compares it to the 3D model of the "Trier Kaiserthermen". It furthermore gives examples and reasons for the usage of 3D models in different fields. It also presents the final 3D renderings and shows how they were created. At the end it explains how the perfect model for scientific research should be and how this project and paper improved this for the "Kaiserthermen".}, language = {de} } @masterthesis{Izzuddin, type = {Bachelor Thesis}, author = {Izzuddin, Kamal}, title = {Experimental and Simulative Study on the Performance of PEM Fuel Cell under Different Operating Conditions}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:hbz:1383-opus4-15909}, school = {Hochschule Rhein-Waal}, pages = {80}, abstract = {The aim of the thesis is to study the influence of operating conditions on the performance of the proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) such as temperature, cathode stoichiometry and cathode relative humidity. The experiment is conducted at temperature points of 60°C, 70°C and 80°C, where at each temperature point cathode stoichiometry of 2 and 5 are set. Within each stoichiometry, the cell is operated at cathode relative humidity of 50\%, 75\% and 100\%. The fuel cell performance is analyzed using two methods, current-voltage measurement, and the electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, where the polarization curves, power output density and high-frequency resistance (HFR) are recorded. A numerical analysis is then conducted on a 3-dimensional straight single channel fuel cell and is fitted with the data measured experimentally. Increasing the temperature has a different degree of improvement on the fuel cell's performance based on its cathode stoichiometry and relative humidity settings. The HFR measurements provide an insight into the voltage loss that is exerted by the fuel cell on each test condition. The numerical analysis shows that the impact of operating conditions does not exhibit any significant differences on the fuel cell model.}, language = {en} } @masterthesis{Fischer, type = {Bachelor Thesis}, author = {Fischer, Luca Cedric}, title = {An Empirical Investigation on the Transparency of Capital Costs in the Annual Report among the DAX40 Companies}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:hbz:1383-opus4-13679}, school = {Hochschule Rhein-Waal}, pages = {78}, abstract = {This study identifies the transparency levels of the DAX40 companies regarding their disclosure of capital costs. With reference to a theoretical foundation, capital cost theory and its origins are outlined, while the respective financial reporting standards according to IFRS and HGB are discussed. In the matter of preliminary step before examining the annual reports of the mentioned German companies, transparency in financial reporting is critically assessed in an in-depth literature review. The topics of efficiency of transparency, motives for transparency variations and consequences of transparency for companies are included. As a result, five hypotheses were derived that build the basis for the subsequent empirical case study. Thus, H1 expects most of the companies within the DAX to not transparently publish their capital costs within their annual reports. H2 expects that none of the DAX companies are transparent about their calculation scheme and application regarding the beta coefficient. H3 assumes that most companies listed in the DAX are inconsistent with their capital costs used for the Impairment Only Approach compared to the capital costs communicated in the management report. H4 predicts that most DAX companies are not publishing separate WACC's and derivation of capital cost parameters along their business units. Finally, H5 expects the ten new joiners within the DAX to be more transparent and consistent regarding their publication of capital costs and calculation schemes than their 30 peers. Ultimately, H1, H3, and H5 were rejected, while H2 and H4 were confirmed}, language = {en} } @masterthesis{Scheil, type = {Bachelor Thesis}, author = {Scheil, Jonathan}, title = {Analyse der aktuellen und vergangenen politischen Landschaft Deutschlands im Hinblick auf die aktuelle Bundestagswahl mit Fokus auf die ansteigende Bedeutung von Social-Media im Wahlkampf}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:hbz:1383-opus4-13687}, school = {Hochschule Rhein-Waal}, pages = {84}, abstract = {Since the last federal election in germany, the CDU is no longer the strongest force and suffered large losses of votes. The SPD, B{\"u}ndnis 90/Die Gr{\"u}nen and the FDP now make up the german parliament. Parts of the election campaign are taking place via social media. But how do the individual parties use modern media? Do the parties differ in the way they communicate their messages and, as a result, do they generate votes in diffe-rent ways? I will examine these questions in more detail in this bachelor's thesis, starting with the reunification of germany and including the last federal elections. The social me-dia platform I am investigating for political communication is twitter. I presented the past and current parliamentary election results and differences in eastern and western germany. To do this, I used sentiment analysis to examine tweets extracted from twitter at the federal and local/state political level, for their content and the accom-panying reactions. I created a detailed representation of the different social media appearances of politicians and determined whether appropriate conclusions can be drawn based on my results and data. My analysis shows that at the parliamentary level, Annalena Baerbock of B{\"u}ndnis 90/Die Gr{\"u}nen, followed by Dr. Alice Weidel of the AfD and Christian Lindner of the FDP, have the most likes and retweets. Olaf Scholz, with 826 tweets, is the most active on twitter in 2021. At federal and local/state level, the topics of all parties are often similar. There are differences with regard to the core issues of the respective parties. I have illustrated this in each case. Based on the politicians' use of twitter, I could not draw any concrete conclusions about voter behaviour. For this it would be important to evaluate other media, e.g. facebook.}, language = {de} } @techreport{Guggenberger, type = {Working Paper}, author = {Guggenberger, Lennart}, title = {Die Befristung von Arbeitsverh{\"a}ltnissen in der Rechtsprechung des Bundesarbeitsgerichts}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:hbz:1383-opus4-15671}, pages = {6}, abstract = {In diesem Arbeitspapier werden die Befristung von Arbeitsverh{\"a}ltnissen und aktuelle F{\"a}lle der Rechtsprechung er{\"o}rtert.}, language = {de} } @masterthesis{Salobir, type = {Bachelor Thesis}, author = {Salobir, Randy}, title = {Dark Patterns in Videospielen - Unterschiede zwischen Casual-, Core- und Hardcore-Gamern}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:hbz:1383-opus4-14911}, school = {Hochschule Rhein-Waal}, pages = {76}, abstract = {Gaming has become a huge industry. In an attempt to generate more revenue, manipulative design decisions, aimed towards making the consumer act in certain ways or perform certain actions, which are beneficial to the developers of the game, have become a common sight. Those design decisions have become known under the umbrella term "Dark Patterns". While individual Dark Patterns have already been researched on their impact on gamers as a whole, it stands to reason that groups with widely different gaming behaviors would exhibit differences in their exposure and vulnerability towards these patterns. This bachelor's thesis aims to use a quantitative approach in the form of an online survey (n=465), to research this. For that, the survey asked questions about the participants gaming behavior and interactions with a wide array of Dark Patterns. The participants will then be grouped into casual-, core- and hardcore gamers based on their answers about their gaming behavior, after which the groups will then be directly compared in terms of their exposure and vulnerability towards Dark Patterns, in order to find any significant differences. Finally, these results will be discussed and suggestions for further research will be offered.}, language = {de} } @techreport{Yadel, type = {Working Paper}, author = {Yadel, Marc}, title = {Die Digitalisierung der Verwaltung nach dem Onlinezugangsgesetz}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:hbz:1383-opus4-14974}, pages = {6}, abstract = {Das Onlinezugangsgesetz (OZG) hat durch die verbindliche, terminierte Vorgabe der Online-Bereitstellung von Verwaltungsleistungen bis zum Ablauf des Jahres 2022 die Weichen f{\"u}r den Wandel zur digitalen Verwaltung gelegt. Es schafft die Voraussetzungen f{\"u}r ein fl{\"a}chendeckendes Angebot im gesamten Bundesgebiet und erleichtert das Auffinden von Verwaltungsleistungen durch die Zug{\"a}nglichmachung {\"u}ber einen Portalverbund. Verbindliche Vorgaben von Standards erh{\"o}hen die IT-Sicherheit und garantieren die Kompatibilit{\"a}t von IT-Komponenten.}, language = {de} } @masterthesis{Njoki, type = {Bachelor Thesis}, author = {Njoki, Regina}, title = {Relocation willingness in the EU}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:hbz:1383-opus4-15023}, school = {Hochschule Rhein-Waal}, pages = {61}, abstract = {The purpose of this thesis was to provide insights into the relocation willingness of potential candidates within the European Union, based on a real-life case study of recruitment in Germany. The thesis was split into two parts one being the theoretical framework that set the basis for this research and the other part being the case study. The case-study was carried out through the active sourcing approach of recruitment. Candidates fitting the profile needed to fill the job position of were contacted on LinkedIn and offered a job opportunity that required relocation to Germany, the responses that declined the messages were analyzed to find out why candidates were unwilling to relocate. Most of the responses that declined the job opportunity that required relocation were found to be from Romania and the main reason for declining was found to be `no interest in new job opportunities' which was the closely followed by a lack of desire to relocate.}, language = {en} } @techreport{Sivaloganathan, type = {Working Paper}, author = {Sivaloganathan, Janitha}, title = {Die Befristung von Arbeitsverh{\"a}ltnissen in der Rechtsprechung des Bundesarbeitsgerichts}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:hbz:1383-opus4-15530}, pages = {6}, abstract = {Die Befristung von Arbeitsverh{\"a}ltnissen in der Rechtsprechung des Bundesarbeitsgerichts-Hausarbeit in Grundlagen Recht}, language = {de} } @techreport{Vogt, type = {Working Paper}, author = {Vogt, Thomas}, title = {{\"O}ffentlich-rechtliche Vertr{\"a}ge - Juristische Grundlagen, Sinn, Fallbeispiele}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:hbz:1383-opus4-15548}, pages = {6}, abstract = {Der {\"o}ffentlich-rechtliche Vertrag ({\"o}rV) stellt eine Handlungsform des deutschen {\"o}ffentlichen Rechts dar. Es handelt sich um einen Vertrag {\"u}ber einen {\"o}ffentlich-rechtlichen Gegenstand, an dem sich mindestens eine juristische Person des {\"o}ffentlichen Rechts beteiligt. Neben dem Verwaltungsakt stellt er die wichtigste Form des Verwaltungshandelns dar. In diesem Papier werden Grundlagen, Sinn und Anwendung erl{\"a}utert.}, language = {de} } @masterthesis{Nosseir, type = {Bachelor Thesis}, author = {Nosseir, Dominic}, title = {Prototypisches Design einer barrierefreien E-Commerce- Website - gem{\"a}ß der Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG) 2.1}, school = {Hochschule Rhein-Waal}, abstract = {This work focuses on accessibility on the internet, in this context a research for a prototype was developed and afterwards evaluated, to show the usability difference between an accessible and an inaccessible website. Both sites were evaluated with respectively three test subjects for every site, to find out which site is more user- friendly. For this purpose The Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG) were explained. Afterwards ten E-Commerce-Sites that sell Dog Food were analyzed on their conformity to the WCAG, to find the most common WCAG-violations, in order to prevent these in the later implementation of the prototype. This prototype was developed in three stages, the first one was a paper-prototype to concept the structure. The second was modeled through the software „Figma" to specify the styling. At the end the final prototype was implemented in HTML with the „Angular" framework. Thereafter, the prototype was examined through user-tests to check if there were usability-errors or inaccessible elements, that need to be fixed in order to accomplish an accessible prototype. After the result were evaluated and the found accessibility- errors were fixed. The prototype went again through a usability-test execution, to ensure that the prototype is accessible. The result show, that the accessible site is more user-friendly and WCAG compliant than the inaccessible site. So the statement can be made that the WCAG-conformity increases the usability of a website.}, language = {de} } @techreport{Olgun, type = {Working Paper}, author = {Olgun, Ismail}, title = {{\"O}ffentlich-rechtliche Vertr{\"a}ge - Juristische Grundlagen, Sinn, Fallbeispiele}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:hbz:1383-opus4-15569}, pages = {6}, abstract = {In diesem Arbeitspapier, das an der Fakult{\"a}t f{\"u}r Kommunikation und Umwelt der Hochschule Rhein-Waal entstanden ist, werden {\"o}ffentlich-rechtliche Vertr{\"a}ge hinsichtlich ihrer juristischen Grundlagen, ihres Sinnes und aktuellen Fallbeispielen er{\"o}rtert und mit genauen Quellenangaben versehen.}, language = {de} } @techreport{Peltzer, type = {Working Paper}, author = {Peltzer, Henrik}, title = {Die Befristung von Arbeitsverh{\"a}ltnissen in der Rechtsprechung des Bundesarbeitsgerichts}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:hbz:1383-opus4-15582}, pages = {6}, abstract = {Die Befristung von Arbeitsverh{\"a}ltnissen in der Rechtsprechung des Bundesarbeitsgerichts - Hausarbeit f{\"u}r das Modul Grundlagen Recht}, language = {de} } @masterthesis{Vela, type = {Bachelor Thesis}, author = {Vela, Gianfranco}, title = {Anwendbarkeit des Gamification Frameworks Octalysis auf Multibankingapps}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:hbz:1383-opus4-11349}, school = {Hochschule Rhein-Waal}, pages = {58}, abstract = {Ziel der vorliegenden Abschlussarbeit war es, ausgew{\"a}hlte Multibankingapps anhand des von Yu-Kai Chou entworfenen Gamification Frameworks Octalysis (Y.-k. Chou, 2019) zu analysie- ren, um daraufhin eine Aussage {\"u}ber die Anwendbarkeit des Frameworks auf Multibankingapps treffen zu k{\"o}nnen. Mithilfe des Design Pattern Canvas (Žavcer u. a., 2015) wurde ein Arte- fakt geschaffen, welches Entwicklern solcher Apps erlaubt, die im Framework beschriebenen Core Drives auf die Anwendung abzustimmen. Die Anwendbarkeit des Frameworks wurde zwar durch die Analyse best{\"a}tigt, jedoch ergaben sich weitere Abh{\"a}ngigkeiten, welche grundlegend f{\"u}r eine erfolgreiche Anwendung sind. Darunter z{\"a}hlt beispielsweise die Offenheit der Nutzer gegen{\"u}ber Finanzthemen.}, language = {de} } @techreport{Rothe, type = {Working Paper}, author = {Rothe, Andrea}, title = {Was sind die Mediengrundrechte des Art. 5 GG und was sagt die Rechtsprechung des Bundesverfassungsgerichts dazu?}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:hbz:1383-opus4-13009}, pages = {6}, abstract = {In diesem Arbeitspapier, das an der Fakult{\"a}t f{\"u}r Kommunikation und Umwelt der Hochschule Rhein-Waal entstanden ist, werden anhand des Artikels 5 des Grundgesetzes (GG), die Mediengrundrechte erl{\"a}utert und mit Fallbeispielen aus der Rechtsprechung mit genauen Quellenangaben erg{\"a}nzt.}, language = {de} } @masterthesis{Zelle, type = {Bachelor Thesis}, author = {Zelle, Philipp}, title = {Untersuchung der npm Registry auf die Codequalit{\"a}t ihrer Pakete}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:hbz:1383-opus4-13148}, school = {Hochschule Rhein-Waal}, pages = {53}, abstract = {The aim of this project was to check whether the code quality of a npm package has an impact on some of its other properties. To check possible connections, lots of data had to be gathered. This was done by collecting available information from the GitHub and npm API about each package. Additionally, packages were downloaded to analyze them with cloc for data about the amount of lines of code, and with eslint to check the package for possible errors. This process was conducted for almost all packages with a public GitHub repository, and in more detail for the most downloaded packages. Results show that for top packages less errors lead to more popularity, this does not apply to the whole npm registry though. Furthermore, in both cases, more con- tributors in the repository lead to fewer errors. Lastly, it's shown that the more recent packages were updated, the more popular they were and the count of packages in- creases the more recent their update was.}, language = {de} } @masterthesis{Bergfeld, type = {Bachelor Thesis}, author = {Bergfeld, Lena}, title = {Irrglaube oder Wirklichkeit: K{\"o}nnen narzisstische Individuen anderen verzeihen?}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:hbz:1383-opus4-13223}, school = {Hochschule Rhein-Waal}, pages = {72}, abstract = {Die vorliegende Arbeit untersucht den Zusammenhang zwischen Narzissmus und Verzeihen. Als weiterer m{\"o}glicher Einflussfaktor wird die Emotionsregulation herangezogen. Mithilfe eines online Fragebogens, bestehend aus dem NPI-d-17, dem deutschen Vergebungsfragebogen und dem ERQ-d, wurden zwei Hypothesen untersucht. Die beiden Hypothesen umfassten 1) Je h{\"o}her die Auspr{\"a}gungen im Narzissmus, desto geringer sind die Werte im Verzeihen und 2) Der Zusammenhang von Narzissmus und Verzeihen wird durch die F{\"a}higkeit zur Emotionsregulation beeinflusst. Es konnte eine Stichprobe von N = 119 Teilnehmenden generiert werden. Es konnte kein signifikanter Zusammenhang zwischen Narzissmus und Verzeihen mittels einfacher Korrelation gefunden werden. Ebenfalls konnte mithilfe einer multiplen Regression kein Einfluss der Emotionsregulation auf den Zusammenhang von Narzissmus und Verzeihen nachgewiesen werden. Somit m{\"u}ssen sowohl Hypothese 1 als auch Hypothese 2 verworfen werden.}, language = {de} } @misc{Ali, type = {Master Thesis}, author = {Ali, Md Monsur}, title = {Multi Languages Fake News Detection}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:hbz:1383-opus4-12762}, school = {Hochschule Rhein-Waal}, pages = {106}, abstract = {News is one type of information that has the potential to influence a large number of people. People have received news since the beginning of time through various birds, short letters, and other means. When newspapers were invented, information was available everywhere on paper. The news is no longer limited to paper-based platforms, thanks to the digitalization of online platforms. The online news platform is now available to read the news in a matter of seconds. As a result, news can easily connect people, and it is being used to spread fake news. Fake news is spread to gain attention for the wrong reasons. Different languages are used in our world to express our thoughts and feelings. There are specific materials for each language. The English language is the most studied topic when it comes to identifying fake news. Data and research resources are few in other languages, hence there is little research done. Of these, Bengali is one of the most widely spoken. Our ultimate goal is to create a tree that contains elements of both English and Bengali. Research on fake news and web scraping was used to get the language news data. Multilingual transformer models m-BERT and xlm-ROBERTa with long text or tokens are used to detect fake news (512 tokens or any token size). The two models were compared using two different datasets (with stop words and the other without) using three different fine-tuning freeze approaches (Freeze, No Freeze, and Freeze Embed). The results show that the dataset with stop words had a somewhat better performance than the dataset omitting stop words. The xlm-RoBERTa model outperforms the m-BERT model in terms of F1-score and accuracy.}, language = {en} } @masterthesis{Trost, type = {Bachelor Thesis}, author = {Trost, Jan}, title = {How to evaluate the financial performance of soccer clubs}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:hbz:1383-opus4-12787}, school = {Hochschule Rhein-Waal}, pages = {119}, abstract = {Professional soccer is the most popular sport in the world with growing social and eco-nomic importance. It has constructed its own sector and is a continuously enlarging economy, making it mandatory for the stakeholders in this industry to be able to evalu-ate the financial performance of soccer clubs. This thesis aims to detect how the finan-cial performance of soccer clubs can be evaluated. For this purpose, multicriteria deci-sion analysis (MCDA) methods and industry-specific factors are used to evaluate the financial performance of ten of the biggest soccer clubs in Europe for the seasons end-ing 2018, 2019, and 2020. To be precise, five different MCDA methods are used as well as a Performance Assessment Model (PAM), which includes sporting performance indicators into the calculation. Furthermore, the correlation between financial and sport-ing performance is being examined. The results show that the use of a multitude of MCDA methods, while also considering sporting performance indicators next to finan-cial ratios, is the best way to evaluate the financial performance of soccer clubs. Addi-tionally, there are other non-financial indicators influencing the financial performance of a soccer club that have to be taken into consideration as well. There is no statistically significant correlation between financial and sporting performance, but they influence each other indirectly due to a club's strategies and objectives.}, language = {en} } @masterthesis{Schumacher, type = {Bachelor Thesis}, author = {Schumacher, Julian}, title = {Combining Entertainment-Oriented Action Gameplay and Learning-Oriented Memorization Challenges}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:hbz:1383-opus4-12800}, school = {Hochschule Rhein-Waal}, pages = {43}, abstract = {Though much research is being conducted into educational applications of video games, the effects of individual gameplay elements on overall enjoyment and motivation remain largely unexplored. Similarly, long-term player retention tied to these factors in educational or serious games are often ignored, leading to a lack of engagement and thus an ineffective product. This thesis outlines several proven design patterns employed in the entertainment-based games industry, particularly in action games. It then discusses how these patterns may be applied in digital learning environments and provides examples using a practically implemented prototype of a game combining 2D platforming, multiplayer interactivity, and vocabulary quizzes. The theoretical concepts described herein are based on peer-reviewed scientific research as well as informal resources such as presentations from the annual Game Developers Conference, development logs, or interviews with prominent figures in the games industry. They incorporate principles of visual, audio, gameplay, and didactic design; coding practices and software architecture are not discussed. The prototypical implementation employs the freely accessible Unity game engine, along with a combination of foreign and custom-made assets. Keywords: Serious Games, Video Game Development, Educational Software, digital learning environments, vocabulary learning}, language = {en} } @masterthesis{Gorisek, type = {Bachelor Thesis}, author = {Gorisek, Celine}, title = {Zusammenhang von Expertise, Reputation und Glaubw{\"u}rdigkeit}, school = {Hochschule Rhein-Waal}, abstract = {Diese Arbeit befasst sich mit der Glaubw{\"u}rdigkeitsbeurteilung von kommunizierenden Personen innerhalb der Wissenschaftskommunikation. Die Relevanz der Informationsquelle und somit auch die Eigenschaften der Quelle werden seit der verst{\"a}rkten medialen Informationsverbreitung w{\"a}hrend der Coronapandemie deutlich. Somit soll der Einfluss von Expertise, Reputation und Geschlecht der Quelle auf ihre wahrgenommene Glaubw{\"u}rdigkeit sowie der Einfluss des Alters der Rezipierenden untersucht werden. Mittels Online-Fragebogen wurden den Befragten manipulierte Personenbeschreibungen und -aussagen pr{\"a}sentiert, um den Einfluss der Faktoren auf die Glaubw{\"u}rdigkeit zu untersuchen. Die Auswertung ergab einen signifikant positiven Einfluss von Expertise und Reputation auf die wahrgenommene Glaubw{\"u}rdigkeit der Quelle. Dar{\"u}ber hinaus wurde kein Einfluss des Alters der Befragten auf diesen Zusammenhang festgestellt. Es besteht kein signifikanter Unterschied zwischen der Glaubw{\"u}rdigkeitsbeurteilung von m{\"a}nnlichen und weiblichen Quellen. Die Arbeit zeigt außerdem auf, dass medial vertretene Expert:innen mit schlechtem Ruf {\"u}ber h{\"o}here Glaubw{\"u}rdigkeit verf{\"u}gen als Nicht-Expert:innen. Diese Erkenntnisse sind besonders relevant f{\"u}r den medialen Einsatz von Expert:innen bspw. innerhalb der persuasiven Kommunikation und der medialen Informationsvermittlung.}, language = {de} } @masterthesis{Zhong, type = {Bachelor Thesis}, author = {Zhong, Kaiwen}, title = {A comparative study on the plants' phenological response to climate change in China and Germany}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:hbz:1383-opus4-12673}, school = {Hochschule Rhein-Waal}, pages = {34}, abstract = {This study applied a total of over 100,000 phenological datasets from Deutscher Wetterdienst (DWD), International Phenological Gardens (IPG) and LANUV in Germany and Chinese Phenological Observation Network (CPON) in China, as well as weather datasets from DWD and World Meteorological Organization (WMO), concluding that the beginning of flowering dates of flowering plants in China and Germany correlated with changes in local temperature. Germany has experienced a temperature increase of about 1.7 °C over 136 years (1881-2017) and the beginning of flowering date has advanced by about 17 days on average. In China, the temperature has increased by about 2 °C over 45 years (1963-2008), and the beginning of flowering date has advanced by about 9 days on average. Due to the large differences in the amount of data and recording time between the two countries, it is not possible to concretely conclude whether plants begin to flower is more sensitive to temperature changes in Germany or in China. However, it can still be concluded that temperature is an important factor in determining flowering time. In general, phenology is a very suitable tool for the study of effects of climate change, and climate change can also lead to a more detailed study of phenology. Overall, after evaluating the slopes of the same species in China and Germany, there was a surprising similarity of the slopes. And that it is surprising as well that all reliable datasets showed a tendency towards a shift of flowering in spring to an earlier DOY.}, language = {en} } @masterthesis{Freese, type = {Bachelor Thesis}, author = {Freese, Kira}, title = {Der Einfluss geschlechtergerechter Sprache auf die Bewrebungsabsicht von Studierenden f{\"u}r ein Workshop-Programm zum Thema Unternehmertum.}, school = {Hochschule Rhein-Waal}, abstract = {In der vorliegenden Arbeit soll der Einfluss von geschlechtergerechter Sprache am Anwendungsbeispiel Unternehmertum untersucht werden, welches stereotypisch m{\"a}nnlich gepr{\"a}gt und m{\"a}nnlich dominiert ist. Dabei wird der Frage nachgegangen, welchen Einfluss geschlechtergerechte Sprache in Stellenanzeigen auf die die selbstzugeschriebene Passung zu, das Interesse an und die Bewerbungsabsicht von Studierenden f{\"u}r ein Workshop-Programm zum Thema Unternehmertum hat. Dazu wird ein Online-Experiment konzipiert, an dem 172 Studierende teilnahmen. Es fungierten die drei geschlechtsbezogenen Sprachformen generisches Maskulin, feminin-maskuline Wortpaare und Gendersternchen als experimentelle Bedingungen. Die selbstzugeschriebene Passung, das Interesse am Programm und die Bewerbungsabsicht werden mittels validierter Skalen erhoben. Des Weiteren wird das Geschlecht ex-post-facto erfasst. Zur Untersuchung des Einflusses der geschlechtsbezogenen Sprachformen auf die drei abh{\"a}ngigen Variablen wurden einfaktorielle ANOVAs durchgef{\"u}hrt. Die Annahme, dass das Geschlecht diesen Einfluss moderiert, wurde mittels zweifaktorieller ANOVAs {\"u}berpr{\"u}ft. Zudem wurde eine Mediationsanalyse gerechnet, um einen mediierenden Effekt der selbstzugeschriebenen Passung und des Interesses an dem Programm auf den Einfluss der geschlechtsbezogenen Sprachform auf die Bewerbungsabsicht zu {\"u}berpr{\"u}fen. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass die geschlechtsbezogene Sprachform die selbstzugeschriebene Passung und das Interesse am Programm insofern beeinflusst, dass das generische Maskulin zu signifikant niedrigeren Werten als das Gendersternchen f{\"u}hrt. Auch f{\"u}r die Mediation konnte Best{\"a}tigung gefunden werden, nicht aber f{\"u}r die anderen Annahmen. Die Befunde best{\"a}tigen nur zum Teil den aktuellen Forschungsstand und legen nahe, geschlechtergerechte Sprache in Form von Gendersternchen in Anzeigen zur Anwerbung von Studierenden f{\"u}r Workshop-Programme zum Unternehmertum zu verwenden. Die Ergebnisse geben aber auch Anlass zu weiterer Forschung, insbesondere mit gr{\"o}ßeren und geschlechtlich gleichverteilten Gruppen.}, language = {de} } @misc{Adebiyi, type = {Master Thesis}, author = {Adebiyi, Akinloluwa Iyanu}, title = {Combining User Experience Design \& Service Design: Theory meets Practice}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:hbz:1383-opus4-16337}, school = {Hochschule Rhein-Waal}, pages = {94}, abstract = {This thesis explores how UXD and SD can work together more seamlessly in practice. UXD and SD have a lot of similarities. This has led to confusion around the borders and overlaps of both fields. Therefore researchers called for more studies to clarify their relationship. Most recent studies suggested diverting from polishing single touchpoints; some studies and focussing on end-to-end journey and the customer. The thesis examines the underlying activities of existing theoretical approaches and the challenges of combining UXD and SD with the help of thematic analysis. A set of proposed strategies were developed based on a survey on current practices and challenges with practitioners and thematic analysis. As a result, the thesis presents four strategies that design teams can incorporate into their processes. The idea is to promote the creation of better quality products and services by harnessing the benefits of both fields. The key point was that these concepts are still broad and should be simplified into leaner modes that can be applied in daily activities.}, language = {en} }