@misc{Meisen, type = {Master Thesis}, author = {Meisen, Sabrina}, title = {Modellierung von Ertrag und Wassergehalt von Bienenhonig aus meteorologischen und geographischen Parametern}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:hbz:1383-opus4-6001}, school = {Hochschule Rhein-Waal}, pages = {78}, abstract = {Die Witterung nimmt Einfluss auf Volkentwicklung, Ausmaß des Befalls mit Varroamilben (V. destructor) und {\"U}berwinterungserfolg von Bienenv{\"o}lkern, sowie auf die Bl{\"u}te nektarsekretierender Pflanzen. Inwiefern der Honigertrag pro Bienenvolk und der relative Wassergehalt des Honigs in Deutschland davon betroffen sind, ist weitestgehend unbekannt. J{\"a}hrliche (2012 - 2019) und saisonale (Fr{\"u}h- und Sp{\"a}ttracht) Schwankungen im Ertrag und Wassergehalt wurden mittels Varianzanalyse (ANOVA) und Multivariater Varianzanalyse (MANOVA) nachgewiesen. Ebenso wurde eine Abnahme der Ertr{\"a}ge pro Volk der j{\"a}hrlichen Fr{\"u}htrachternten und eine Zunahme der Ertr{\"a}ge der Sommertrachternten 2018 und 2019 in zunehmender H{\"o}henlage gefunden. Unterschiede zwischen Jahren, Trachten und H{\"o}henlagen konnten durch Recherche auf Witterungsverh{\"a}ltnisse zur{\"u}ckgef{\"u}hrt werden. Besonders Niederschlag, Solarstrahlung und Temperatur wirken sich in erster Linie auf das Sammelverhalten der Bienen und damit auf den Ertrag aus. Dabei stieg der Ertrag pro Volk bei h{\"o}herer Solarstrahlung und Temperatur, wohingegen er bei hohen Niederschlagsmengen geringer ausfiel. Des Weiteren sind j{\"a}hrliche Schwankungen im Wassergehalt gegenl{\"a}ufig zu denen des Ertrags. Bienenvolk bezogene Ertr{\"a}ge in Großst{\"a}dten fallen im Durchschnitt h{\"o}her aus. Dies konnte auf ein vielf{\"a}ltigeres Nahrungsangebot in St{\"a}dten zur{\"u}ckgef{\"u}hrt werden.}, language = {de} } @masterthesis{Hirle, type = {Bachelor Thesis}, author = {Hirle, Yasmin}, title = {Arbeit 4.0: Die Auswirkungen der Digitalisierung auf die Arbeitsplatzunsicherheit in Organisationen}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:hbz:1383-opus4-6032}, school = {Hochschule Rhein-Waal}, pages = {101}, abstract = {Die heutige Gesellschaft ist eine Erwerbsgesellschaft. Arbeit sichert die soziale und materielle Integration der B{\"u}rger (Korte und Weidenfeld 2001). Die Globalisierung und die Digitalisierung des westeurop{\"a}ischen Arbeitsmarktes f{\"u}hrt unter Besch{\"a}ftigten zu Unsicherheitswahrnehmungen bez{\"u}glich des Fortbestandes des Arbeitsplatzes (Sverke et al. 2006). Der digitale Wandel revolutioniert Gesch{\"a}ftsmodelle und Branchen und f{\"u}hrt zur Entstehung neuer Produktions- und Logistikketten sowie neuer Produkte und Dienstleistungen. Zudem findet der digitale Wandel weltweit statt, wodurch der globale Wettbewerb und die internationale Arbeitsteilung zunehmen. Im Zuge der Digitalisierung sind in den vergangenen Jahren insbesondere mittlere T{\"a}tigkeiten mit hohem Routine Grad zur{\"u}ckgegangen (BMAS 2015). Das zunehmende Substituierbarkeitspotential verschiedener T{\"a}tigkeiten f{\"u}hrt zu einer signifikanten Verst{\"a}rkung der Wahrnehmung von Arbeitsplatzunsicherheit unter den Erwerbst{\"a}tigen. Arbeitsplatzunsicherheit birgt zahlreiche negative Auswirkungen. So hat z.B. eine sich schnell wandelnde, unsichere Arbeitsumgebung nicht nur Auswirkungen auf das Wohlergehen der Mitarbeiter*innen, sondern auf die gesamte Organisation (Ashford et al. 1989). Zu den Folgen von Arbeitsplatzunsicherheit geh{\"o}ren psychische und physische Belastungen und eine erh{\"o}hte K{\"u}ndigungsabsicht der Besch{\"a}ftigten. Zudem besteht ein signifikanter Zusammenhang zwischen Arbeitsplatzunsicherheit und Arbeitszufriedenheit. In Zeiten der fortschreitenden Digitalisierung stellt die Pr{\"a}vention von Arbeitsplatzunsicherheit und die Reduktion ihrer Folgen eine zentrale Managementaufgabe f{\"u}r Organisationen dar. Mittels einer systematischen Literaturrecherche werden in der vorliegenden Arbeit Indikatoren f{\"u}r die Entstehung der Arbeitsplatzunsicherheit identifiziert. Dazu geh{\"o}rt nicht nur der drohende Verlust des Arbeitsplatzes, sondern auch der drohende Verlust gesch{\"a}tzter Merkmale der ausge{\"u}bten T{\"a}tigkeit. Nach der Analyse der Ursachen und Auswirkungen von Arbeitsplatzunsicherheit werden Handlungsempfehlungen f{\"u}r Organisationen entwickelt, um der Entstehung von Arbeitsplatzunsicherheit vorzubeugen oder die Folgen von Arbeitsplatzunsicherheit weitestgehend zu reduzieren. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass besonders in Zeiten der zunehmenden Digitalisierung der Arbeitswelt Maßnahmen wie eine fr{\"u}hzeitige und offene Kommunikation {\"u}ber bevorstehende Ver{\"a}nderungsprozesse, soziale Unterst{\"u}tzung, Partizipation der Mitarbeiter*innen und F{\"o}rderungsangebote f{\"u}r die Belegschaft von zentraler Bedeutung sind, um die Effektivit{\"a}t der Organisation aufrecht zu erhalten.}, language = {de} } @masterthesis{Koesters, type = {Bachelor Thesis}, author = {K{\"o}sters, Dominic}, title = {Production and Chromatographic Analysis of Polyhydroxybutyrate from waste product streams by Azohydromonas lata}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:hbz:1383-opus4-4246}, school = {Hochschule Rhein-Waal}, pages = {69}, abstract = {As conventional plastic production receives much criticism for being harmful to both humans and the environment, this work focused on establishing a batch fermentation based on waste substrates from local industries to produce polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB) with Azohydromonas lata (A. lata). Additionally, the produced PHB was characterised by qualitative and quantitative gas chromatography coupled to a mass spectrometer (GC-MS) and gel permeation chromatography (GPC). Multiple substrates, including rhubarb waste, pea waste, and dairy industry wastewater (KAAS medium), were tested for successful fermentation. Rhubarb and pea waste could not be used as a fermentation substrate due to obstacles in upstream processing. KAAS medium was prepared by centrifugation and sterile filtration and tested in a 1 L and 4 L fermentation yielding non-competitive biomass and PHB concentrations with 0.09 g/L and 0.004 g/L, respectively. A 3 L fermentation with pure saccharose as the carbon source served as a model for comparison and analysis and resulted in a measured biomass concentration of 3.58 g/L with a PHB content of 1.43 g/L after Soxhlet extraction. The GPC analysis led to no conclusive elograms and results due to issues in non-destructively extracting and solving the PHB. The GC-MS analysis showed excellent linearity with an R2 value of 0.9906 for the standard curve and clear chromatograms, which allowed for both qualitative and quantitative analysis of PHB. Since PHB concentrations from KAAS medium were low, no quantitative analysis could be performed. Only samples from the saccharose-based fermentation could be assessed quantitatively. The found maximum PHB concentration was 2.95 g/L, which deviated from the found 1.43 g/L after Soxhlet extraction and was therefore discussed in this work. No locally available waste substrate could be found to be suitable for an industrial scale fermentation. The findings during this work led to the conclusion that semi-sterile fermentation approaches shall be investigated in future works handling waste products as they can potentially overcome upstream processing steps and, hence, make rhubarb or pea waste a potential candidate for PHB production.}, language = {en} } @masterthesis{Leferink, type = {Bachelor Thesis}, author = {Leferink, Gemma}, title = {{\"U}berpr{\"u}fung der Konformit{\"a}t eines unternehmensinternen Umweltmanagementsystems zur Vorbereitung eines Systemwechsels auf die DIN EN ISO 14001:2015}, school = {Hochschule Rhein-Waal}, language = {de} } @masterthesis{Klose, type = {Bachelor Thesis}, author = {Klose, Marian}, title = {Optimierung der Krebstherapie durch Inhibition von MDR1}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:hbz:1383-opus4-4427}, school = {Hochschule Rhein-Waal}, pages = {86}, abstract = {MDR1 (Multidrug Resistance Protein 1) stellt ein Membranprotein dar, welches das Ziel hat, den K{\"o}rper vor Toxinen und Xenobiotika zu sch{\"u}tzen. Dieser Schutzmechanismus kann sich allerdings erheblich auf die Chemotherapie auswirken, indem Wirkstoffe aus der Zielzelle heraustransportiert werden. Da der Effekt von MDR1 in einigen F{\"a}llen unerw{\"u}nscht ist, kommt es zum Einsatz von Inhibitoren. Diese lassen sich je nach Toxizit{\"a}t und Herkunft in verschiedene Kategorien einteilen. Diese Arbeit gibt zun{\"a}chst einen wissenschaftlichen Hintergrund. Zuerst werden Multiwirkstoffresistenzen im allgemeinen beschrieben, bevor MDR1 genauer beleuchtet wird. Danach werden verschiedene Bereiche der Krebserkrankung erl{\"a}utert, um im Anschluss die unterschiedlichen Klassen der Inhibitoren vorzustellen. Die Diskussion schildert schlussendlich sowohl Chancen als auch Risiken der Inhibition und setzt diese in ein Verh{\"a}ltnis. Zusammenfassend l{\"a}sst sich sagen, dass es in der Chemotherapie vermehrt zu Wirkstoffresistenzen kommt. Krebszellen adaptieren und {\"a}ndern ihre Genexpression, sodass altbew{\"a}hrte Medikamente nicht mehr greifen. Die Inhibition k{\"o}nnte dies umkehren, bringt aber zus{\"a}tzliche Nebenwirkungen mit sich, sodass sich keine klare Empfehlung zugunsten der Inhibition von MDR1 geben l{\"a}sst.}, language = {de} } @masterthesis{Schiffers, type = {Bachelor Thesis}, author = {Schiffers, Lukas}, title = {Optimization of RT-PCR Assays for the Roche cobas® 6800/8800 Utility Channel: Influence of 2´-O-Methyl modified Primers on PCR efficiency}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:hbz:1383-opus4-4632}, school = {Hochschule Rhein-Waal}, pages = {64}, abstract = {Automated, high-throughput real-time PCR instruments such as the cobas® 6800/8800 from Roche have revolutionized the operation in molecular diagnostics laboratories as they provide a complete process of patient samples including all necessary steps for PCR applications from material preparation up to the calculation and evaluation of final results with a minimum of user interaction. In addition to the broad spectrum of commercially available ready-to-use reagent kits for blood screenings, virologic and microbiological assays as well as tests designed for women's health, the cobas® 6800/8800 provides a tool which allows users to develop and implement their own tests onto the high-throughput device. Equipped with this tool, called the cobas® omni Utility Channel, these automated instruments serve a high flexibility and can be adjusted to users' personal needs. Notwithstanding the advantages of the Utility Channel, a limited number of lab developed tests have been implemented onto the cobas® 6800/8800 so far as no guideline for the optimization and transfer of such tests onto the Utility Channel has been provided to the public yet. In the course of this bachelor thesis, four real-time PCR assays, including an allele-specific duplex test for HLA-B27, an established in-house test for the differentiation and detection of Ureaplasma urealyticum/parvum, a published assay for the detection of Chlamydia trachomatis as well as a duplex reverse-transcription assay for the detection and differentiation of norovirus genogroup one and two have been optimized for the use on Utility Channel. Furthermore, 2´-O-Methyl modified primers have been integrated into the optimization process of all assays to asses their influence on PCR efficiency. Three of these four assays have been transferred successfully onto a cobas® 6800 following a developed method which lead to the final design of a flowchart guideline for the optimization of lab developed tests for the use on a cobas® 6800/8800 system.}, language = {en} } @misc{Hock, type = {Master Thesis}, author = {Hock, Maximilian}, title = {Vorbeugung, Reduzierung und Bew{\"a}ltigung psychischer Fehlbelastungen zur Pr{\"a}vention von Folgeerkrankungen am Arbeitsplatz}, school = {Hochschule Rhein-Waal}, abstract = {Scientific findings indicate that mental stress in the working environment has risen sharply in recent years and will continue to develop. An imbalance between coping opportunities and mental stress can lead to health problems, up to including mental illnesses such as depression and anxiety disorders. Therefore, it is essential for companies to recognise psychological stress and secondary diseases as well as the integrate of interventions into work structures with the help of corporate health management. The present study aims to take a detailed look at mental stress at the workplace and to identify existing interventions for the prevention of mental stress. The effectiveness of the interventions in terms of psychological stress and secondary diseases, depression and anxiety disorder, will also be presented. Recommendations for measures are then to be made available to companies to prevent mental stress and secondary diseases. With the help of scientific literature, the basics of psychological stress at the workplace have been presented. Through a systematic literature search, existing interventions could be identified, which can have a preventive effect on psychological stress and secondary diseases, depression and anxiety disorders. A systematic meta-review served as a basis and was supplemented by further reviews. Results can provide recommendations for measures in corporate health management to help employers to prevent mental stress and secondary diseases. The results of this work showed that there are various intervention approaches that can achieve positive effects in the prevention of psychological stress and secondary diseases, depression and anxiety disorders. Intervention options such as physical activity, mindfulness-based interventions and cognitive behavioural therapy have shown a high evidence of effectiveness. Recommendations for measures can be implemented in companies with the help of the action concept within a psychological risk assessment.}, subject = {BGM}, language = {de} } @misc{Heinen, type = {Master Thesis}, author = {Heinen, Darlene}, title = {About the change in the level of satisfaction and frustration of basic psychological needs in depressed patients after sports therapy and how autonomy support contributes to this change}, school = {Hochschule Rhein-Waal}, abstract = {Depression is one of the most prevalent mental disorders. Studies reported that exercises can be as effective as pharmacotherapy or psychotherapy in the treatment of depression. However less is known about the mechanism exercise effects psychological well-being. The Basic Need Theory, a mini theory within Self-Determination Theory proposes the implication of the perceived social environment on the satisfaction of basic psychological needs, namely autonomy, competence and relatedness. The satisfaction of basic needs is essential for human well-being whereas the frustration leads to ill-being. An autonomy supportive social environment is of use in the fulfillment of basic needs. The following study examined a sample of 90 participants allocated into groups of low and high exercise intensity completing an exercise therapy of 12 weeks. The perceived satisfaction and frustration of basic psychological needs and the effect of autonomy support on the change of basic psychological needs after exercise therapy in different intensities were evaluated pre and post intervention. Results have shown an effect of exercise therapy on the change of depressive symptoms. A difference of efficacy of exercises in low or high intensity could not be verified. A path analysis has shown an effect of autonomy support on the change in depressive symptoms that is partially mediated by the frustration of the need for competence. Taking together the results maintained that exercise therapy redounds in a positive change of depressive symptoms. There is evidence for the satisfaction and frustration of basic psychological needs contributed to this change. Autonomy support needs more empirical testing to be better substantiated with regard to the basic needs. Future studies might examine how the basic psychological needs relate to other facets of ill-being (e.g., anxiety). Keywords: depression, exercise and depression, Self-Determination Theory, basic psychological needs, Basic Psychological Need Satisfaction and Frustration Scale, autonomy support}, language = {de} } @masterthesis{Khedher, type = {Bachelor Thesis}, author = {Khedher, Lara}, title = {Evolution of CRISPR-Cas genome editing methods: Chances and challenges in biotechnology}, school = {Hochschule Rhein-Waal}, abstract = {Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats, CRISPR, are located on DNA sequences, which encode for an antiviral defense mechanism in bacteria and archaea. Together with CRISPR-associated proteins, Cas endonucleases, CRISPR-Cas has emerged into a powerful platform for editing DNA and RNA. This thesis investigates the evolution and function of this prokaryotic defense mechanism and points out the three most applied CRISPR-Cas systems in relation to current applications in biotechnology. Furthermore, chances and challenges of named systems as well as a guideline for choosing the appropriate system with Cas endonucleases is framed. Therefore, several scientific databases were screened for the most informative and influential publications around the topic. Information was collected and organized in a reference management software. The utilized literature was tabularly denoted and gives an overview of the broad scope of CRISPR-Cas. The analysis of the topic shows, that CRISPR-Cas offers a broad application range with a huge chance for genome editing. A conclusion of this thesis is, that CRISPR-Cas has an enormous potential to be implemented for human genome editing. However, its challenges should be cleared beforehand. Further research has to be done to fully understand the impact CRISPR-Cas may have in future.}, language = {en} } @masterthesis{Ranganathan, type = {Bachelor Thesis}, author = {Ranganathan, Shraddha}, title = {Evaluation of two methods to reduce legume-related flatulence through enzymatic digestion of flatulence factors}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:hbz:1383-opus4-4903}, school = {Hochschule Rhein-Waal}, pages = {65}, abstract = {Legumes are nutritionally equivalent to many meat products, and can be used to supplement or replace meat in daily diets. This is beneficial for a variety of reasons, such as: i) growing legumes can help to reduce acidification of soil, global warming potential and energy use; ii) livestock is taxing on the environment in terms of adding to the volume of greenhouse gases and nitrification of soil while legume crops fix soil nitrogen. Consumers can be opposed to adding legumes to their diet due to the perception of legumes causing flatulence. Intestinal gas buildup, bloating, cramps, abdominal pain and flatulence are caused by raffinose family oligosaccharides (RFOs) which cannot be digested in monogastric organisms such as humans. They are therefore broken down by microflora in the intestine; this bacterial digestion releases large volumes of hydrogen, which causes flatulence. The human body lacks the enzyme required to break down these RFOs — ⍺-galactosidase. This experiment evaluated two methods of applying ⍺-galactosidase to RFOs before they reach the intestinal microflora. The first method evaluates the effectiveness of enzymatically digesting the legumes before consumption. The second evaluates the effectiveness of the enzyme supplement Beano, which applies the enzyme to RFOs in the stomach. Experimental data showed that enzymatically digesting raw flours does significantly reduce the amount of RFOs in the legume. Similarly, Beano also reduces RFOs significantly. In 4 out of the 6 legumes sampled, there was no significant difference between the two methods. In order to consider the methods for commercial use, other factors (such as economic, logistical, etc.) must also be considered. At the outset, it appears that taking an enzyme supplement such as Beano might be more economically viable in the long term for the consumer, since processing costs for the flatulence free legumes would drive up the price of (normally cheap) legumes. There is an increase in the amount of people who are giving up meat for environmental and other reasons. For these consumers, as well as those who come from cultures that integrate legumes in their cuisine, the removal of flatulence factors from this nutrition-rich food group will be very beneficial.}, language = {en} } @masterthesis{Hartmann, type = {Bachelor Thesis}, author = {Hartmann, S{\"o}ren}, title = {Regulation of dendritic migration in response to BCG}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:hbz:1383-opus4-4969}, school = {Hochschule Rhein-Waal}, pages = {50}, abstract = {As tuberculosis is still the number one leading cause of death in humans due to a single infectious agent, prevention of infection is a key tactic in fighting it. Even though the vaccine BCG exists for tuberculosis since the beginning of the 20thcen-tury, it lacks efficacy and does not provide sustainable protection. An important step to develop a long-term immunity is the expansion of antigen-specific T cells in the lymph node. For T-cell priming to occur, the pathogen and/or its antigen has to be transported from the site of infection to the T-cell zone of the draining lymph node. This step is done by migratory Dendritic cells (DCs). DCs reside as sentinels in tis-sue, where after pathogen encounter, internalize the pathogen, process its antigens and migrate to the draining lymph node. Using a modified protocol, developed by Bollampali et al. (2015), during a previous study done Dr. Rothfuchs team, we investigated the mechanisms involved in the migration of DCs after injection of BCG. For this we injected mice with different inhibitors and recep-tor antagonists. It is worth mentioning that in a yet unpublished previous work we in-hibited the enzymes COX-1 and COX-2 systemically, using indomethacin, and showed a decreased number of DCs migrating to the draining popliteal lymph node after BCG in-jection compared to mice not injected with the inhibitor. Following our experiment, we decided to investigate the receptors of one of the down-stream products of COX, PGE2 and the corresponding receptors EP2 and EP4. Based on other studies two of the four receptors of PGE2, EP2 and EP4, are important for the mi-gration of DCs. We then injected mice with antagonists for these two either separate or simultaneously. Even though their affinities and the sustainability of the reaction caus-ing PGE2signalling are different, both receptors were able to compensate for each other, but a decreased number of DCs were found in the lymph node when both antagonists were injected. This and the results of the COX inhibition suggest a role for PGE2 on DC migration. Based on these results we decided to look at MMP-9, a molecule regulated by PGE2 sig-nalling. However, inhibition of MMP-9 in our model did not impact on DC migration. It is unclear if treatment with the MMP-9 inhibitor used failed or if MMP-9 is indeed not important in BCG-triggered DC migration. In conclusion in this thesis we show a role for EP2 and EP4 on DC migration after BCG injection but failed to show the same for MMP-9.}, language = {de} } @misc{Schreder, type = {Master Thesis}, author = {Schreder, Lisa Johanna}, title = {Ableitung eines Handlungsleitfadens f{\"u}r die betriebliche Gesundheitsf{\"o}rderung eines Unternehmens mit Hilfe einer strategischen Analyse}, school = {Hochschule Rhein-Waal}, abstract = {Digitalisierung, Globalisierung und Arbeit 4.0 pr{\"a}gen das heutige Arbeitsleben und sind aus diesem nicht mehr wegzudenken. Diese Neuerungen stellen sowohl die Besch{\"a}ftigten als auch die Arbeitgeber vor Herausforderungen. Die Mitarbeiterinnen und Mitarbeiter werden durch diese Entwicklungen in vielen F{\"a}llen immer st{\"a}rker beansprucht. Beanspruchungsfolgen der neuen Belastungen zeigen sich beispielsweise durch den Anstieg psychischer Erkrankungen, denn die Fehltage im Zusammenhang mit psychischen Erkrankungen haben sich seit 1997 verdreifacht. Um trotz allem die Besch{\"a}ftigten gesund und motiviert durch das Berufsleben zu f{\"u}hren und die Gesundheitspotenziale der Mitarbeiterinnen und Mitarbeiter zu st{\"a}rken, werden in immer mehr Betrieben unter anderem Angebote der betrieblichen Gesundheitsf{\"o}rderung durchgef{\"u}hrt. Denn auch die Unternehmen haben ein großes Interesse daran, dass ihre Besch{\"a}ftigten das gesamte Arbeitsleben gesund und leistungsf{\"a}hig bleiben. Doch damit die Mitarbeiterinnen und Mitarbeiter von dieser betrieblichen Gesundheitsf{\"o}rderung nicht nur kurzfristig profitieren, muss diese auf die neuen Herausforderungen eingestellt und daraufhin ausgerichtet werden. An diesem Punkt setzt die vorliegende Masterarbeit an. Ziel dieser Arbeit ist es, die betriebliche Gesundheitsf{\"o}rderung eines Unternehmens f{\"u}r die zuk{\"u}nftigen Herausforderungen aufzustellen und Handlungsfelder f{\"u}r die weitere Ausplanung zu identifizieren. Hierf{\"u}r r{\"u}ckt zun{\"a}chst die zentrale Fragestellung in den Fokus, welche Herausforderungen f{\"u}r die betriebliche Gesundheitsf{\"o}rderung zu bew{\"a}ltigen sind. Dies geschieht anhand einer externen Analyse. Diese Analyse ermittelt Einfl{\"u}sse, die von außen auf die betriebliche Gesundheitsf{\"o}rderung einwirken und somit die Chancen und Risiken f{\"u}r das Unternehmen darstellen. Welche St{\"a}rken und Schw{\"a}chen die betriebliche Gesundheitsf{\"o}rderung des Unternehmens besitzt, beantwortet die interne Analyse. Ob sich aus den neuen Herausforderungen ein individueller Handlungsbedarf f{\"u}r die betriebliche Gesundheitsf{\"o}rderung des Unternehmens ergibt, l{\"a}sst sich aus der abschließenden SWOT-Analyse und Diskussion der Ergebnisse erkennen. Daf{\"u}r werden St{\"a}rken, Schw{\"a}chen, Chancen und Risiken gegeneinander in einer Matrix aufgetragen. Wie die betriebliche Gesundheitsf{\"o}rderung des Unternehmens aussehen muss, um den zuk{\"u}nftigen Herausforderungen gewachsen zu sein, bildet sich in dem Handlungsleitfaden f{\"u}r die betriebliche Gesundheitsf{\"o}rderung des Unternehmens ab. Der Leitfaden stellt demnach eine Aufstellung der Strategie der betrieblichen Gesundheitsf{\"o}rderung im Unternehmen dar, in Abh{\"a}ngigkeit der kommenden Herausforderungen.}, language = {de} } @masterthesis{Li, type = {Bachelor Thesis}, author = {Li, Shiwei}, title = {Influence of long-term organic and conventional farming on soil microbial properties}, school = {Hochschule Rhein-Waal}, abstract = {In order to find out how different farming system influence microbial biomass and therefore influence the long-term soil fertility and soil quality, this study analyzed the impacts of conventional integrated and organic farming systems on soil microbiological parameters using soil samples from the DOK long-term field experiment (Switzerland). Farmyard manure fertilizer is applied to bio-dynamic (D), bio-organic (O) and conventional farming system (K) with two different intensities. Besides, there are a conventional mineral fertilizer received system (M) and an unfertilized control plot (U). The chloroform fumigation extraction (CFE) method and quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) test were applied for detection and quantification of soil microbial biomass along with some other tests in physical, chemical and biological aspects. Soil pH tends to increase by applying farmyard manure. Metabolic quotient (qCO 2 ) revealed a lower level in the manured system though there was no significant difference between conventional and organic system. On one hand, D treatment achieved the highest values regarding microbial biomass carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus, and the highest gene copies number of detected microbial domains. On the other hand, higher concentration of microbial biomass sodium, potassium, manganese, silicon, nickel and zinc were found in M and K system. Contrary to expectation, the soil organic matter content between different treatments had only a little difference. In general, each tested soil quality parameter was affected by the type and quantity of fertilizer used to a different extent, among which the soil microbiological parameters showed more pronounced difference compared with soil physical parameter, pH and soil organic matter content. In short, organic farming system had greater potential to maintain soil fertility and improve soil quality than conventional farming system in the long term; while the comparison between two organic systems emphasized the beneficial influence from applying compost manure and bio-dynamic additives.}, language = {en} } @masterthesis{vanStaa, type = {Bachelor Thesis}, author = {van Staa, Philip}, title = {Welchen Einfluss haben Foodsharing-Apps auf das Ausmaß der Lebensmittelverschwendung?}, school = {Hochschule Rhein-Waal}, abstract = {Entlang der gesamten Lebensmittelwertschöpfungskette fallen Nahrungsmittelabfälle an. Die Vereinten Nationen haben mit der Agenda 2030 zu verschiedenen Nachhaltigkeitszielen aufgerufen, unter anderem die globale Lebensmittelverschwendung bis 2030 zu halbieren. Deutschland hat sich diesem Ziel mit einer nationalen Strategie zur Reduzierung der Lebensmittelabfälle angenommen. (Deutscher Bundestag 2019) Das Ziel der vorliegenden Arbeit ist es, zu untersuchen, ob Foodsharing-Apps einen signifikanten Anteil leisten, um die nationalen Lebensmittelabfälle zu verringern. Dazu wird die folgende Forschungsfrage gestellt: Welchen Einfluss haben Foodsharing-Apps auf das Ausmaß der Lebensmittelverschwendung? Um die Forschungsfrage zu beantworten, sind drei qualitative Interviews mit Experten verschiedener Unternehmen durchgef{\"u}hrt worden, die eine langwierige Zusammenarbeit mit der Foodsharing-App „Too Good To Go" nachweisen können. Die Ergebnisse geben Aufschluss dar{\"u}ber, welchen individuellen Stellenwert die Lebensmittelvergeudung sowohl f{\"u}r den Endverbraucher, als auch f{\"u}r die teilnehmenden Betriebe hat und welchen Einfluss Foodsharing-Apps dabei einnehmen.}, language = {de} } @misc{Koch, type = {Master Thesis}, author = {Koch, Alexander David}, title = {Collective Action Opportunities for Upgrading the Value Chain of Small-scale Wooden Furniture Enterprise in Hawassa, Ethiopia}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:hbz:1383-opus4-5346}, school = {Hochschule Rhein-Waal}, pages = {143}, abstract = {Ethiopia is challenged with a widening domestic wood supply gap and concurrent rapid population growth. Along with these developments, the population's growing purchasing power is driving the demand for wooden furniture. The majority of this demand is satisfied by small-scale enterprises. Adding to the domestic wood supply uncertainty, such enterprises are exposed to various challenges, such as infrastructural limitations, unfavourable market conditions, weak government support, or skill gaps, thereby hindering their development and often situating them in a subsistent and poor survival state. A development opportunity comes to light when considering that small-scale wooden furniture enterprises are linked to a critical natural resource base, exposed to growing markets, and mostly consist of individuals with an entrepreneurial vision. If guided effectively, this sector has the potential to drive an economic environment of innovative entrepreneurship, create skilful employment, and disseminate propulsive market signals towards wood suppliers. Collective action is a frequently discussed upgrading option for countering development barriers in the context of emerging economies and therefore, is explored as a potential upgrading mechanism. This study aims to develop a potential institutional model of collective action among small-scale enterprises in Hawassa, Ethiopia. The study follows the general procedure of a value chain analysis and frames the collective action model as a potential value chain upgrading strategy. As the target actor is poorly studied, an explorative and descriptive research approach is applied. In-depth interviews were conducted with 54 wooden furniture enterprises to gain insight into their value chain position and condition, cost structures, network ties, as well as challenges. Then, individual enterprises were asked to envision a desired collective action upgrading scenario. Several key informant interviews were also conducted with direct (internal) and indirect (external) value chain actors to forge a holistic value chain structure as well as to triangulate data. The situation for small-scale furniture enterprises was found to be highly unfavourable. The most substantial issue is the limited access to adequate factors of production, especially regarding the production site, physical capital and financial capital. With markets failing to provide these, enterprises were often observed to engage in social network ties with other furniture enterprise to enable access to resources. In addition, the government's role in supporting these enterprises was found to be weak and poorly organized. Access to support services was observed to be obstructed by ethno-centrism as well as a high labour turnover amongst development agents. Promised trainings and access to factors of production were either rarely fulfilled or qualitatively low. To counter these issues, an institutional collective action in the form of a business association is recommended. On the basis of a literature review, empirical evidence on the status quo of the target enterprises, as well as their perception on upgrading scenarios, the study develops a model association, describing its form, purpose, institutional arrangements as well as the characteristics of participating actors and potential members. It is purposed to facilitate stable network ties and act as a collective voice for improving the condition of small-scale furniture producers. It especially serves to lower transaction costs with authoritative entities, supports the access to improved business development services, such as microfinances or trainings, and advocates for improved market conditions. In the long run, the association will help small-scale enterprises collectively develop into innovative and resource efficient businesses, thereby driving and improving local forest-based markets.}, language = {en} } @masterthesis{Hoffmann, type = {Bachelor Thesis}, author = {Hoffmann, Annika}, title = {Pr{\"u}fung eines Anlagenreinigungsprozesses in der Kosmetikindustrie und vergleichende Analyse der Wirksamkeit der eingesetzten Reinigungsmittel und Desinfektionsmittel}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:hbz:1383-opus4-5378}, school = {Hochschule Rhein-Waal}, pages = {103}, abstract = {Kosmetika haben einen hohen Stellenwert in unserer heutigen Gesellschaft und der pro Kopf Konsum der immer vielf{\"a}ltiger werdenden Produkte w{\"a}chst stetig an. Um einen hohen Sicherheits- und Qualit{\"a}tsstandard des Kosmetikums zu gew{\"a}hrleisten, ist die Sauberkeit der Produktionsanlage fundamental [IKW, 2019; DIN EN ISO 22716: 2008]. Die chemischen und mikrobiologischen Parameter, welche das Reinigungsergebnis beeinflussen, wurden am Beispiel der Tubenabf{\"u}llanlage der bb med. product GmbH untersucht und bewertet. Die chemische R{\"u}ckstandsanalyse, welche mittels pH-Wert Messung der letzten Sp{\"u}lflotte durchgef{\"u}hrt wurde, diente dem Nachweis von Peressigs{\"a}urer{\"u}ckst{\"a}nden. Die Messergebnisse lieferten keinen Verdacht auf gesundheitsgef{\"a}hrdende R{\"u}ckst{\"a}nde in der Produktionsanlage. Der mikrobiologische Zustand der Anlagenoberfl{\"a}chen wurde mittels Tupferverfahren {\"u}berpr{\"u}ft. Die Auswertung zeigte, dass die Oberfl{\"a}chenkeimzahl gegen{\"u}ber dem Richtwert um ein Vielfaches erh{\"o}ht war. Die Wirksamkeit der eingesetzten Prozesschemikalien wurde in praxisnahen Versuchen ermittelt, bei denen Polyvinylchlorid-Oberfl{\"a}chen und Edelstahloberfl{\"a}chen artifiziell mit verschiedenen Matrices aus Sheabutter und Rinderblutserum kontaminiert wurden, in welche die Pr{\"u}fkeime Staphylococcus aureus und Pseudomonas aeruginosa eingebettet wurden. Die Simulation verschiedener Anwendungsbedingungen zeigte signifikante Korrelationen zwischen dem Reduktionsfaktor, der Beschaffenheit des Oberfl{\"a}chenmaterials und der Art der Anschmutzung. Auf Edelstahl ließen sich konstant h{\"o}here Reduktionen erzielen als auf den PVC-Oberfl{\"a}chen. Des Weiteren konnte die fetthaltige Sheabutter Kontamination mit einer verminderten Wirksamkeit der Reinigungsmittel und insbesondere der Desinfektionsmittel assoziiert werden. Der zus{\"a}tzliche Einfluss mechanischer Energie trug nicht eindeutig zur Steigerung der Reduktionsleistung bei. Zwischen den gepr{\"u}ften Desinfektionsmitteln auf der Basis von Glutaraldehyd, Isopropanol und Peressigs{\"a}ure konnten keine signifikanten Wirkungsunterschiede festgestellt werden. Das alkalische Reinigungsmittel, welches auf Alkohol- und Alkoholethoxylatbasiert, wies in einigen Versuchsreigen mit P. aeruginosa eine signifikant h{\"o}here Wirksamkeit als Sodium-Laureth-Sulfat und Sodium-Coco-Sulfat auf.}, language = {de} } @misc{Schwab, type = {Master Thesis}, author = {Schwab, Valentina}, title = {Welche Faktoren erleben Fachkr{\"a}fte, die im Ambulant Betreuten Wohnen (ABW) f{\"u}r Menschen mit Behinderung t{\"a}tig sind, im Rahmen ihrer Arbeit als belastend?}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:hbz:1383-opus4-5571}, school = {Hochschule Rhein-Waal}, pages = {103}, abstract = {Betrachtet man den Forschungsstand zu der Mitarbeitendenbelastung in der Heil-/ Rehabilitations- bzw. Behindertenp{\"a}dagogik, wird deutlich, dass vor allem die Mitarbeitendenbelastung in der ambulanten Unterst{\"u}tzung von Menschen mit Behinderung bisher kaum beforscht wurde. Da auch die Arbeit mit Menschen mit Behinderung hohe Anforderungen an die Professionellen stellt, ist es notwendig, potenziell belastende Arbeitsfaktoren zu identifizieren, um in einem n{\"a}chsten Schritt geeignete Maßnahmen zum Schutz der Mitarbeitendengesundheit entwickeln zu k{\"o}nnen. Im Rahmen dieser Forschungsarbeit wird mit teilstandardisierten Interviews erhoben, welche Faktoren Fachkr{\"a}fte, die im Ambulant Unterst{\"u}tzten Wohnen f{\"u}r Menschen mit Behinderung t{\"a}tig sind, als belastend empfinden. Gewonnen wurden diese Erkenntnisse durch die Befragung p{\"a}dagogischer Fachkr{\"a}fte, welche zum Untersuchungszeitpunkt bei zwei verschiedenen Einrichtungen im Stadtgebiet Dortmund angestellt waren.}, language = {de} } @masterthesis{Vambe, type = {Bachelor Thesis}, author = {Vambe, Tatenda Enara}, title = {A Benchmarking Research on Effective Sales Training Methods}, school = {Hochschule Rhein-Waal}, abstract = {Large organisations annually invest large amounts of money into training and training delivery tools, however, the return from these investments is very low. This study tackles the question that arose after the realization that on a mean curve, the under performing and mediocre performing sales reps take up the majority, yet the excelling sales reps are just but a small population at the end. The question is then, why doe the sales reps that receive the same tools and same training perform extremely differently? To tackle this conundrum, four main models were included in the research.}, language = {en} } @book{WhitneyHuthKehlenbecketal., author = {Whitney, Cory W. and Huth, Axel and Kehlenbeck, Katja and Hammer, Karl and Gebauer, Jens}, title = {Field Guide to Common Homegarden Crops of Southwestern Uganda}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:hbz:1383-opus4-4510}, publisher = {Hochschule Rhein-Waal}, pages = {80}, abstract = {Uganda's homegardens are highly diverse small-scale farming systems. They provide the majority of the food consumed by local people and preserve a large number of traditional crops. This booklet provides a guide to common crops found in southwestern Uganda's homegardens. It features descriptions and uses for 68 crops divided into four sections according to crop type (annual crops, perennial herbaceous crops, shrubs and trees). Crops are ranked according to their ethnobotanical importance. Each section begins with the most important crop. Each page has four photos of the crop and includes the most common local names (in Runyankole and Luganda), as well as the common English and botanical names. Additional information on the uses and occurrences is provided as well. We hope that this booklet will be of interest to a broad community of people interested in sustainable agriculture, food systems and food security issues: e.g. both Ugandan and international academics, non-government and government actors.}, subject = {Uganda}, language = {en} } @masterthesis{Marx, type = {Bachelor Thesis}, author = {Marx, Clara}, title = {Untersuchungen zur Hygiene in st{\"a}dtischen Kitas unter besonderer Ber{\"u}cksichtigung von Lebensmittelkontaktfl{\"a}chen}, school = {Hochschule Rhein-Waal}, abstract = {Das Ziel dieser Arbeit war, verschiedene Faktoren zu identifizieren, die einen Einfluss auf die Keimbelastung in K{\"u}chen von Kindertagesst{\"a}tten (KiTa) haben k{\"o}nnen. Dazu wurden in 28 st{\"a}dtischen KiTas Abklatschproben von Arbeitsoberfl{\"a}chen (AO) und Trockent{\"u}chern (TT) genommen, wobei TSA und MacConkey-Agar verwendet wurde. Die Proben wurden anschließend bebr{\"u}tet und die Ergebnisse statistisch ausgewertet. Drei Faktoren hatten einen geringf{\"u}gig signifikanten Einfluss auf die Gesamtkeimzahl (GK). Diese drei Faktoren waren das Reinigen der Arbeitsoberfl{\"a}chen nach jedem Arbeitsschritt (Einfluss auf GK TSA/MacConkey, AO), der Zeitpunkt der Beprobung nach 12 Uhr (Einfluss auf GK TSA, TT) und eine Waschtemperatur von {\"u}ber 60°C (Einfluss auf GK TSA, TT). Wobei letzterer Zusammenhang zwecks fehlender Evidenz eventuell als falsch positiv gewertet werden muss. Der Zutritt f{\"u}r Kinder zur K{\"u}che erwies sich als stark signifikanter Einflussfaktor (p<0,05) auf die Gesamtkeimzahl an Enterobacteriaceae (d.h. KbE auf MacConkey-Agar) auf den Arbeitsoberfl{\"a}chen. Durch die Ergebnisse der Arbeit konnte die Notwendigkeit f{\"u}r Hygiene-Schulungen unterstrichen werden, die nicht nur das K{\"u}chenpersonal, sondern auch Erzieher und vor allem Kinder mit einbeziehen. Zudem konnte gezeigt werden, dass {\"u}berm{\"a}ßiges Reinigen der Oberfl{\"a}chen eher zu einer Erh{\"o}hung der Keimzahl f{\"u}hrt als zu einer weiteren Verringerung, was vermutlich vor allem auf einen erh{\"o}hten Eintrag von Keimen {\"u}ber Putzutensilien zur{\"u}ckzuf{\"u}hren ist. Alle verwendeten Materialien sollten daher bei Verwendung immer in einwandfreiem Zustand sein.}, language = {de} } @masterthesis{SilvaCabral, type = {Bachelor Thesis}, author = {Silva Cabral, Catarina}, title = {Evaluierung der Auswirkungen von Telearbeit und Homeoffice auf die Gesundheit der Besch{\"a}ftigten mittels einer empirischen Untersuchung an der Hochschule Rhein-Waal}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:hbz:1383-opus4-4614}, school = {Hochschule Rhein-Waal}, abstract = {Die Anforderungen an die Arbeitswelt sind im st{\"a}ndigen Wandel. Dabei spielt auch die Arbeitsgestaltung in der heutigen Zeit eine große Rolle. Es besteht der Wunsch nach einer flexiblen Arbeitsgestaltung und der M{\"o}glichkeit Familie und Beruf zu vereinbaren. Zudem bringen die zunehmende Digitalisierung, die fortschreitende Nutzung sowie Weiterentwicklung von Informations- und Kommunikationstechniken neue Arbeitsformen mit sich. Eine Arbeitsform, die sich unter anderem als Ziel setzt, familienfreundliche Arbeitsbedingungen zu schaffen, ist die Telearbeit. Unter dem Begriff Telearbeit werden Arbeitsformen zusammengefasst, bei denen Angestellte ihre Arbeit ganz oder teilweise außerhalb der Geb{\"a}ude des Arbeitsgebers verrichten. Dadurch sollen eine flexible Arbeitsgestaltung und eine Vereinbarkeit von Familie und Beruf erm{\"o}glicht werden. Jedoch k{\"o}nnen sich diese Arbeitsformen auch auf die Gesundheit der Besch{\"a}ftigten auswirken. Aufgezeigt werden die Auswirkungen alternierender Telearbeit und Homeoffice, insbesondere im Hinblick auf die Gesundheit der Besch{\"a}ftigten. In der vorliegenden Arbeit soll untersucht werden, inwiefern sich die Telearbeit bzw. Homeoffice auf den Gesundheitszustand und das Wohlbefinden der Besch{\"a}ftigten auswirkt und inwiefern die alternierende Telearbeit eine psychische Belastung f{\"u}r die Mitarbeitenden darstellt. Dar{\"u}ber hinaus stellt sich die Frage, ob die Abwesenheit von Telearbeitenden zu einer psychischen oder k{\"o}rperlichen Belastung der Nicht-Telearbeitenden f{\"u}hrt. Um die Forschungsfragen zu beantworten, wurde eine Online-Befragung durchgef{\"u}hrt, die sich an die Besch{\"a}ftigten der Technik und Verwaltung, sowie die wissenschaftlichen Mitarbeitenden der Hochschule Rhein-Waal richtet. Durch die Ergebnisse der Umfrage lassen sich Erkenntnisse schließen, um die Forschungsfragen zu beantworten. Die aus der Erhebung gewonnenen Erkenntnisse best{\"a}tigen eine verbesserte Vereinbarkeit von Beruf und Privatleben, eine Erh{\"o}hung der Leistungsf{\"a}higkeit, Motivation und Produktivit{\"a}t und geben keinen Anhaltspunkt f{\"u}r eine langfristige gesundheitliche Gef{\"a}hrdung. Die Besch{\"a}ftigten, die nur im betrieblichen Arbeitsplatz arbeiten, weisen ein Risiko f{\"u}r m{\"o}gliche negative Auswirkungen durch eine Mehrbelastung auf.}, language = {de} } @misc{Wellens, type = {Master Thesis}, author = {Wellens, Sonja}, title = {Vereinbarkeit von Familie und Beruf - Erhebung und Bewertung der Erwartungen zuk{\"u}nftiger Arbeitnehmer und Arbeitnehmerinnen unter konkreter Betrachtung der Generationen Y und Z}, school = {Hochschule Rhein-Waal}, abstract = {Diese Masterarbeit befasst sich mit dem Thema Vereinbarkeit von Familie und Beruf und untersucht die Erwartungen zuk{\"u}nftiger Arbeitnehmer und Arbeitnehmerinnen. Mit Hilfe einer Umfrage werden Studierende bzgl. ihrer Erwartungen an den Arbeitgeber und ihrer individuellen Einstellung zu diesem Thema befragt. Die Untersuchung betrachtet konkret die Generationen Y und Z. Wird die Altersverteilung der Personen betrachtet, die sich derzeit im Studium befinden (Middendorff et al., 2017, S. 162) zeigt sich, dass Studierende gr{\"o}ßtenteils aus eben diesen beiden genannten Generationen stammen und damit entweder zwischen 1981 und 1995 oder nach 1995 geboren sind (Klaffke, 2014, S. 59ff). Außerdem sollen weitere Faktoren wie z.B. die jeweiligen Fachbereiche, in denen die Studierenden eingeschrieben sind, sowie das Geschlecht und das Vorhandensein eigener Kinder ber{\"u}cksichtigt werden, um auch hier auftretende Unterschiede in den Erwartungen ermitteln zu k{\"o}nnen. Anhand der Ergebnisse sollen in Kombination mit einer zuvor durchgef{\"u}hrten Literaturrecherche Handlungsempfehlungen f{\"u}r Arbeitgeber bzgl. zu treffenden Maßnahmen f{\"u}r die Vereinbarkeit von Familie und Beruf entwickelt werden. Neben der Online-Umfrage besteht die Basis der Masterarbeit aus einem auf eine umfangreiche Literaturrecherche beruhenden Theorieteil, welcher u.a. in Deutschland durchgef{\"u}hrte Studien und Unternehmensberichte aufgreift und so die theoretischen Grundlagen f{\"u}r das Thema Vereinbarkeit von Familie und Beruf und den aktuellen Stand dieser Thematik darlegt. Durch die Ergebnisse dieser Arbeit soll ein interdisziplin{\"a}rer Erkenntnisgewinn erzielt werden.}, language = {de} } @masterthesis{Babenko, type = {Bachelor Thesis}, author = {Babenko, Anastasiia}, title = {Development of an ESI-MS/MS-based method for the quantification of acylcarnitines in murine tissue}, school = {Hochschule Rhein-Waal}, abstract = {Acylcarnitines serve as transporters of activated fatty acids into mitochondria for β-oxidation - the major source of the cell's energy and are considered as indicative markers for various metabolic disorders. The investigation of acylcarnitines in cell and tissue samples is a particularly complicated task due to their low abundance and high heterogeneity. This requires applications of sophisticated lipid separation methods. The purpose of this work was the development of an ESI-MS/MS method for the quantification of acylcarnitines with high specificity and reliability for the identification of low abundant acylcarnitine species in complex samples. General aspects of acylcarnitine analysis, including several types of solid-phase extraction, and derivatization with liquid extraction were investigated using commercially available acylcarnitine standards. The established experimental workflows, including an optimized cation-exchange extraction and derivatization with liquid extraction, were successfully applied to quantify acylcarnitine species in samples of biological origin. Consequently, murine brain tissue samples were quantitatively analyzed using two extraction procedures. The method developed in the study can be used for the qualitative and quantitative analysis of acylcarnitines in different biological samples.}, language = {en} } @masterthesis{Schneider, type = {Bachelor Thesis}, author = {Schneider, Mike}, title = {Untersuchung der zeitaufgel{\"o}sten Orangen{\"o}lausbeute am Beispiel einer Wasserdampfdestillation im Technikumsmaßstab}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:hbz:1383-opus4-6374}, school = {Hochschule Rhein-Waal}, pages = {67}, abstract = {Bei der industriellen Saftherstellung fallen große Mengen an Orangenschalen als Abfallprodukte an. Hierbei stellt sich die Frage: Wie k{\"o}nnen diese Stoffe wirtschaftlich und {\"o}kologisch zur {\"O}lgewinnung verwertet werden, sodass ein nutzbares Endprodukt entsteht? Das Ziel ist es, ein Orangen{\"o}l herzustellen, mit einem hohen Einzelstoffvorkommen an Limonen, mithilfe der Wasserdampfdestillation und einer speziellen eigenen Trennmethodik zu entwickeln. Die Trennung von fluiden Stoffen wird erl{\"a}utert und sichtbar dargestellt. W{\"a}hrend des Destillationsprozesses entstehen unterschiedliche Heizleistungen, die im Verlauf dieser Arbeit zur {\"O}lausbeute zum Zeitfaktor angepasst werden. Die erstellten Diagramme geben Aufschluss {\"u}ber die Dauer und die unterschiedlichen Heizleistungseinstellungen. Eine Trennung der Phasen w{\"a}hrend des Destillierprozesses wird detailliert dargestellt. Das hier verwendete Trennverfahren k{\"o}nnte zu weiteren Forschungsans{\"a}tzen dienen und weiter ausgebaut werden. Das bedeutet, dass die Destillationszeit anhand des verwendeten Verfahrens eingegrenzt werden kann. Die verminderte Destillationszeit, f{\"u}hrt zu Prozessoptimierung, welches durch die Energieeinsparung Produktionskosten senken k{\"o}nnte. Die gewonnene {\"O}lausbeute in finanzieller und {\"o}kologischer Sichtweise k{\"o}nnte einen industriellen Nutzen darstellen.}, language = {de} } @masterthesis{Voegerl, type = {Bachelor Thesis}, author = {V{\"o}gerl, Jakob}, title = {Assessing the effect of N-fertilisation on biomass development and plant interactions in the ancient Milpa compared to pure stands and its potential to reduce fertiliser inputs in traditional small-scale farming}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:hbz:1383-opus4-6214}, school = {Hochschule Rhein-Waal}, pages = {55}, abstract = {Over the past years, nitrogen (N) fertilisation has been identified as an issue that has a major negative impact on the environment. Therefore, sustainable agricultural practices aim to reduce external fertiliser inputs and focus more on naturally available resources and sustainable cropping practices. One example of that is the ancient milpa polyculture which is practised by traditional small-scale farmers in Central America. It consists of climbing bean (Phaseolus vulgaris var. vulgaris), maize (Zea mays), and squash (Cucurbita moschata) that are said to represent a holistic symbiosis in which beans assume the task to accumulate additional nitrogen via N2-fixation and subsequently transfer it to its companions. The potential of intercropping, and thus nitrogen transfer to level out and reduce nitrogen fertiliser inputs compared to monocultures has not been assessed yet and little is known about the resulting practical implementation for small-scale farmers. Therefore, a pot trial with monoculture treatments (100 kg N/ha) of each crop and milpa treatments with varying levels of nitrogen fertilisation (0, 25, 50, 75, and 100 kg N/ha) was established. The intercropped beans were labelled with the 15N isotope using the cotton wick method to track nitrogen transfer in the system. Further, the Land Equivalent Ratio (LER) was used to determine the productivity of the system. Results showed that all polyculture treatments performed similarly or significantly better than the pure stands in terms of total dry matter content per pot. Milpas provided with 100 and 25\% of the recommended nitrogen rate were most productive and achieved a total LER of 1.25 and 1.30, respectively. Also, the non-fertilised milpa was still as productive as the respective plants grown in a monoculture. Due to external reasons, the importance of nitrogen transfer and the related microorganisms could not be evaluated. However, growing a milpa instead of monocultures enables farmers to greatly reduce N fertiliser inputs and provides higher yields in the growing season, while other intercropping benefits are also present. It further has the potential to maintain yields and enhance natural nutrient cycling even if no fertiliser is applied.}, language = {en} } @masterthesis{Wagner, type = {Bachelor Thesis}, author = {Wagner, Katja}, title = {Einfluss der Versorgung von Coronapatienten auf die Pr{\"a}valenz und {\"U}bertragungsrate von multiresistenten Erregern}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:hbz:1383-opus4-16029}, school = {Hochschule Rhein-Waal}, pages = {102}, abstract = {Einleitung: Das neuartige SARS-CoV-19 Virus hat weltweit zu einer Bedrohung der {\"o}ffentlichen Gesundheit gef{\"u}hrt. Nun stellen nicht nur die MRE in den Krankenh{\"a}usern ein Problem dar. Methoden: Es wurden die positiv getesteten SARS-CoV-2 Proben und die positiv getesteten MRE Proben retrospektiv vom 01.01.2018 bis zum 31.05.2022 ausgewertet. Mittels den Belegungszahlen wurden die Pr{\"a}valenzen der MRE berechnet. Die {\"U}bertragungsrate wurde anhand der nosokomialen F{\"a}lle berechnet. Die Jahre 2018 und 2019 stellen die Pr{\"a}valenz von MRE vor der COVID-19 Pandemie dar. Die Jahre 2020,2021 und 2022 (bis Mai) demonstrieren die Pr{\"a}valenz von MRE w{\"a}hrend der COVID-19 Pandemie. Ergebnisse: Die durchschnittliche MRSA Pr{\"a}valenz vor der COVID-19 Pandemie lag bei 0,66\%, w{\"a}hrend der Pandemie lag sie bei 0,52\%. Die durchschnittliche {\"U}bertragungsrate von MRSA lag vor der Pandemie bei 4,55\%, w{\"a}hrend der Pandemie lag sie bei 5,64\%. Die Pr{\"a}valenz von VRE lag im Schnitt vor der Pandemie bei 0,48\%, w{\"a}hrend der Pandemie lag sie bei 0,56\%. Die {\"U}bertragungsrate von VRE lag im Schnitt vor der Pandemie bei 57,98\%, w{\"a}hrend der Pandemie bei 52,79\%. Im Durchschnitt lag die 4MRGN Pr{\"a}valenz vor der Pandemie bei 0,04\% und w{\"a}hrend der Pandemie lag sie bei 0,06\%. Die {\"U}bertragungsrate von 4MRGN lag im Durchschnitt vor der Pandemie bei 43,47\% und w{\"a}hrend der Pandemie bei 17,29\%. Fazit: Die Pr{\"a}valenz von MRSA ist insgesamt gesunken, jedoch ist die {\"U}bertragungsrate von MRSA w{\"a}hrend der Pandemie gestiegen. Die Pr{\"a}valenz und {\"U}bertragungsrate von VRE verh{\"a}lt sich asynchron. Beim VRE ist die Pr{\"a}valenz gestiegen und die {\"U}bertragungsrate gesunken. Die Pr{\"a}valenz von 4MRGN hat w{\"a}hrend der Pandemie leicht zugenommen, w{\"a}hrend die {\"U}bertragungsrate stark zur{\"u}ckgegangen ist. Nach dieser Studie hat die Versorgung von Coronapatienten einen Einfluss auf die Pr{\"a}valenz und {\"U}bertragungsrate von MRE.}, language = {de} } @masterthesis{Karssli, type = {Bachelor Thesis}, author = {Karssli, Mahmoud}, title = {CRISPR technology in human medicine: advantages and disadvantages over traditional treatments}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:hbz:1383-opus4-16080}, school = {Hochschule Rhein-Waal}, pages = {88}, abstract = {Genome editing tools hold tremendous potential in fighting various diseases via editing specific sites within the target gene of interest of distinct cell types. Among these tools, CRISPR has shown several advantages over alternative nucleases, such as ease of design, high efficiency, and low cost. In this work, a comprehensive review of the existing research on the application of CRISPR technology to the treatment of human diseases is presented. These diseases include monogenic and infectious diseases, as well as conditions for which immunotherapies are typically applied, such as cancer and autoimmune disorders. Following this review is an analysis of the advantages and disadvantages of CRISPR-based strategies compared to traditional treatments in a selection of diseases; this aims to demonstrate the overall potential of CRISPR therapeutic applications in humans and the need for further investigation and development.}, language = {en} } @misc{Maier, type = {Master Thesis}, author = {Maier, Franziska}, title = {Komparative Analyse von Literaturdaten und Herstellerangaben zur Effektivit{\"a}t antimikrobiell ausger{\"u}steter Oberfl{\"a}chen}, school = {Hochschule Rhein-Waal}, abstract = {Die schnelle Ausbreitung von Mikroorganismen wie Bakterien, Pilzen und Viren kann {\"a}ußerst sch{\"a}dlich sein und zu saisonalen Epidemien f{\"u}hren. Dar{\"u}ber hinaus k{\"o}nnen diese Mikroorganismen Lebensmittel und wichtige Materialien verunreinigen, was zu erheblichen wirtschaftlichen Verlusten f{\"u}hrt. Um die Ausbreitung von Mikroorganismen zu verhindern, ist es wichtig, die Wechselwirkungen zwischen verschiedenen Mikroben und Oberfl{\"a}chen zu verstehen, die zu deren Anhaftung und Wachstum f{\"u}hren. Ein solches Verst{\"a}ndnis ist entscheidend f{\"u}r die Entwicklung antimikrobieller Oberfl{\"a}chen. In dieser Arbeit werden verschiedene Ans{\"a}tze und Produkte zu den antimikrobiellen Oberfl{\"a}chen untersucht und Oberfl{\"a}cheneigenschaften mit antimikrobiellen Aktivit{\"a}ten in Beziehung gebracht und analysiert. Eine Gegen{\"u}berstellung der wichtigsten Hersteller von antimikrobiellen Oberfl{\"a}chen und deren Technologien wird durchgef{\"u}hrt und mit aktuellen wissenschaftlichen Studien belegt. Die {\"U}bersicht konzentriert sich auf die physikalische und chemische Modifizierung der Oberfl{\"a}chen, um die Benetzbarkeit, die Oberfl{\"a}chentopografie und die Oberfl{\"a}chenladung zu modulieren und so die Adh{\"a}sion, das Wachstum und die Vermehrung von Mikroben zu hemmen. Dar{\"u}ber hinaus werden die Anwendungsgebiete von antimikrobiellen Oberfl{\"a}chen dargestellt. Die allgemeinen Erwartungen an eine antimikrobielle Oberfl{\"a}che sind hoch, da sie die Anhaftung und das Wachstum von pathogenen Mikroben wirksam verhindern und langlebig sind. Sie sollen sicher f{\"u}r Mensch und Umwelt und m{\"o}glichst kosteng{\"u}nstig sein. Bislang wurde das Design antimikrobieller Oberfl{\"a}chen zumeist nach dem Zufallsprinzip durchgef{\"u}hrt, ohne dass f{\"u}r jede Designstrategie robuste Struktur-Aktivit{\"a}ts-Beziehungen oder die beabsichtigte Verwendung eines bestimmten antimikrobiellen Materials ber{\"u}cksichtigt wurden. Dar{\"u}ber hinaus werden in der vorliegenden Arbeit die wichtigsten Erkenntnisse der Systeme zur Entwicklung antimikrobieller Oberfl{\"a}chen kritisch diskutiert, ebenso wie die Grenzen der aktuellen Forschung und die L{\"u}cke, die noch geschlossen werden muss, bevor diese Ans{\"a}tze in der Praxis umgesetzt werden k{\"o}nnen.}, language = {de} } @masterthesis{Oezkoek, type = {Bachelor Thesis}, author = {{\"O}zk{\"o}k, G{\"u}l}, title = {Molekularbiologische Untersuchungen von Vibrio spp. auf das Vorhandensein von mobilen mcr-Genen und deren Klassifizierung}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:hbz:1383-opus4-16148}, school = {Hochschule Rhein-Waal}, pages = {79}, abstract = {Vibrio spp. sind gramnegative Bakterien, die {\"u}berwiegend in aquatischen und marinen Lebensr{\"a}umen vorkommen. Sie umfassen >139 Spezies, von denen 12 Spezies als humanpathogen gelten. Diese unterschiedlichen pathogenen Spezies verursachen verschiedene Erkrankungen und sind vom Tier auf den Menschen {\"u}bertragbar. Durch den Einsatz von Antibiotika steigt die Anzahl resistenter Bakterien rasant an. Im Jahr 2015 wurde erstmals ein Colistin-Resistenz-vermittelndes mcr-1 Gen in einem E. coli identifiziert. Seither wurden r{\"u}ckblickend viele Isolate ermittelt, die mcr-Gene tragen (mcr-1 bis mcr-10). Seit 2016 gilt Colistin als „Critically Important Antimicrobial" und dient als „Last Resort Antibiotica", daher ist die Bewertung von mcr-Genen sehr bedeutsam. Ziel dieser Untersuchung war es, 67 Vibrio-Isolate auf das Vorhandensein von mcr-Genen zu untersuchen. Zu Beginn erfolgte eine Speziesidentifikation der Isolate mit Hilfe der MALDI-TOF MS und eine MHK-Analyse, um die MHK-Werte gegen{\"u}ber Colistin zu ermitteln. Anschließend wurden die Isolate f{\"u}r die MiSeq-Sequenzierung vorbereitet. Dazu z{\"a}hlten die Verfahren der DNA-Extraktion und der Library Preparation, wobei in mehreren Schritten die Konzentrationen der DNA mittels Qubit und die DNA-L{\"a}ngen mit dem LabChip gemessen wurden. Nach der Sequenzierung folgte die bioinformatische Auswertung, durch die unter anderem die Sequenzauswertung, die Speziesidentifikation und die Auswertung von Resistenzgenen erfolgte. Im Rahmen dieser Arbeit konnte ein Vibrio-Isolat mit einem mcr-Gen identifiziert werden; dieses trug zus{\"a}tzlich die Resistenzgene almG, eptA, lpxN und gspIEF. Es handelt sich um ein mcr-4 Gen in einem Plasmid, welches bisher nicht beschrieben ist. Das Plasmid tr{\"a}gt katalytische Dom{\"a}nen von Mobilit{\"a}ts-Genen, die weder durch die NCBI-Datenbank noch durch andere Tools detektiert werden konnten. Folglich kann keine Risikoabsch{\"a}tzung bez{\"u}glich der Transferabilit{\"a}t des Plasmids erfolgen. Zus{\"a}tzlich zu diesem Ergebnis konnten putative neue chromosomale Resistenzgene ermittelt werden, die eine hohe {\"A}hnlichkeit zu den bisher bekannten mcr-Genen aufweisen. Eine weiterf{\"u}hrende Analyse hinsichtlich des unbekannten Plasmids und der m{\"o}glichen neuen Resistenzgene erfolgt.}, language = {de} } @misc{Zenger, type = {Master Thesis}, author = {Zenger, Colin}, title = {Evaluation of functional silphie paper in the disposal process}, school = {Hochschule Rhein-Waal}, abstract = {The future of packaging seems to be in paper. Especially functional papers are on the rise of replacing plastic packaging more and more. The aim of the present work is to answer which disposal route is most suitable for functional silphie papers and how different coating techniques perform in a recyclability analysis. To answer this question, a laboratory experiment conducted in a paper laboratory in Lenningen, Germany tested how functional coating behaves in material recycling. Following the test method PTS-RH 021/2012 (Draft Ocober 2019), five functional paper samples and three reference samples with at least 35 \% silphie content were defibered and new laboratory sheets were formed. For this, water-based coatings and extrusion coatings were used as coating techniques. Additionally, the rejects were separated in a screening step and evaluated. The laboratory trials reveal important trends:. First, it shows that extrusion coatings detach from the paper surface and were found in the reject, from which they can be energetically recovered. This leads to a high mass loss and therefore a low recyclability rate. Second, for water-based coatings, solubility is of great importance. Results demonstrate that with good solubility, these coatings can lead to low mass loss and high recycling quality. Subsequently, this results in high recyclability rates. However, in samples with a difficult to dissolve water based coating, stickies and inhomogenities remained in the paper. This can significantly impede the recycling process. Future research could investigate further technologies of functionalization of silphie paper, as well as broaden the discussion by including complete mass balancing without loss of fibers and process water analysis. With the results obtained, OutNature is advised to pursue the route of water-based coatings while maintaining watch-out of their dissolvability in the recycling process. Extrusion coated functionality is to be avoided currently as the loss of mass for recycling is hindering recyclability with the current definitions and analysis methods. At the same time, reevaluation should be done if major changes in legislation or focus of discussion are happening.}, subject = {Recyclability}, language = {en} } @masterthesis{Kanwal, type = {Bachelor Thesis}, author = {Kanwal, Hafsa}, title = {Detection of the Fish Pathogen Vagococcus salmoninarum via Quantitative real-time PCR for Aquaculture}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:hbz:1383-opus4-16222}, school = {Hochschule Rhein-Waal}, pages = {72}, abstract = {PHOTO-SENS is a project that aims to develop photonic biosensing chips as a means of allowing onset detection of pathogenic infections in aquaculture. These chips are meant to be a way for quick and simple routine testing that would enable aquaculture facilities to recognize potential outbreaks and minimize their effects. The chips detect target bacteria using short DNA sequences known as probes which are complementary to target DNA. One of the fish pathogens under consideration for the course of this project is Vagococcus salmoninarum, that is a causative agent of Vagococcosis. For this work, a primer and probe set specific to V. salmoninarum was designed. These primers and probes were then tested via qPCR for their selectivity and sensitivity and most importantly, quantification of DNA in samples using two different standard dilution series. Due to V. salmoninarum being a Gram-positive bacteria, three methods of DNA extraction were used and compared for maximum efficiency. Moreover, experiments were also conducted to mimic capture of eDNA (environmental DNA) from highly diluted water samples. Upon comparing the three DNA extraction methods, the improved 5\% Chelex protocol that included rapid agitation via glass beads, yielded the highest amount of DNA that was closest to expected SQ. The detection of all samples, including very low copy number, was possible via qPCR. The first standard series which was the gBlocks standard series had the lowest detection limit of 1 copy with an efficiency of 105.8\% and the second standard series that is the CFU standard series had a detection limit of 10 copies and had an efficiency of 104.2\%. The filtration experiment also showed detection in diluted, filtered samples. Since detection using the designed probe was successful, the probes are therefore considered suitable for detection of Vagococcus salmoninarum in the PHOTO-SENS project.}, language = {en} } @masterthesis{Kuenneke, type = {Bachelor Thesis}, author = {K{\"u}nneke, Felix}, title = {The influence of tire wear particles (microplastic) on food security With a focus on agriculturally relevant plant species (Avena sativa L., Brassica napus L. \& Zea mays L.) and soil organisms (Aporrectodea caliginosa \& Eisenia andrei)}, school = {Hochschule Rhein-Waal}, abstract = {Development and implementation of environmental assessment concepts must gain stronger positions in policy making. This thesis focuses on the influences of currently, widely unregulated microplastic tire wear particle emissions on food security. An overview of global differences in microplastic waste treatments is given. Changes in behavior, law-making and technical innovations are argued to be equally needed to stop the ongoing pollution to prevent negative impacts on ecosystem services as the foundations for food security. In an experimental set-up, three particle size ranges (<125,125-250, 250-500 μm) in three treatment concentrations (0.01, 0.1, 1 \%) with a negative control were applied to determine the influence of microplastic tire wear on three arable crop species and two earthworm species. Evenly, for all administrations, no significant effects could be observed on the organisms' height, biomass, RSR, or body tissue. Nevertheless, the results should not be interpreted as an all-clear signal, as the experiments observed only a few of the vast amounts of microplastic sinks. More data is needed as the EU Commission's recent "call to action" emphasizes. Determination of species resilience factors and traits shall be foci of future investigations to find cofactors for solution strategies. A more precise definition of microplastic and its additives classifications will certainly aid the consensus on priorities in research and consumers' clarity about biodegradability.}, language = {de} } @masterthesis{Angenendt, type = {Bachelor Thesis}, author = {Angenendt, Denis}, title = {Erstellung einer Risiko- und Gefahrenanalyse zur Bewertung von allergenen, biologischen, chemischen, bio-chemischen und physikalischen Kontaminanten f{\"u}r die praktische Anwendung in der Lebensmittelindustrie}, school = {Hochschule Rhein-Waal}, abstract = {This bachelor thesis deals with contaminants in the food industry and presents them in a hazard analysis and risk assessment according to the specifications of Sauels Frische Wurst GmbH Fleischwaren \& Co. KG. Allergenic, microbiological, chemical, bio-chemical and physical contaminants were considered. The allergenic contaminants include gluten, crustaceans and molluscs, fish, eggs, soy, milk, nuts, peanuts and celery. The microbiological ones are the apathogenic microorganisms yeasts and molds and the pathogenic microorganisms are Bacillus cereus, Clostridium perfingens, Escherichia coli, Yersinia enterocolitica, Campylobacter jejuni, Listeria monocytogenes, Toxoplasma gondii and Staphylococus areus. Hard plastic and metal were evaluated as possible foreign bodies. In the chemistry section, intentional radiation, acrylamide, mercury, bisphenol A, and ethylene oxide were addressed. The bio-chemical contaminant considered was aflatoxin. The following contaminants were evaluated as highly critical. Whilst all allergens pose a risk due to their harmful potential, it is the incorrect labeling which constitutes the risk from the producers perspective. Among microbiological contaminants, Listeria monocytogenes and Escherichia coli are the microorganisms with the highest risk. This is based on the fact that these are typical recontamination bacteria. The physical contaminants described all recieved the same rating in the hazard analysis and risk assessment. The actual nature of a foreign body determines the hazard in each individual case in the assessment. Ethylene oxide has been evaluated as the most critical in the analysis among the chemical contaminants, because of its high probability of occurrence, which is based on the calculated recall rate and its carcinogenicity. The highest risk of the bio-chemical contaminants comes from aflatoxins, as this is the only mycotoxin that is pathogenic. The application of hazard analysis and risk assessment must take into account company-specific factors. New scientific findings, detection methods and other relevant contaminants must be continuously incorporated into the analysis.}, language = {de} } @masterthesis{Lavasanifar, type = {Bachelor Thesis}, author = {Lavasanifar, Parsa}, title = {Comparative analysis of guide RNA design tools}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:hbz:1383-opus4-15307}, school = {Hochschule Rhein-Waal}, pages = {72}, abstract = {Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeat (CRISPR), has rapidly come to the forefront of genome engineering and has revolutionized the field. Today, CRISPR-Cas is regarded to be the most effective and efficient tool in genome editing. It is considered to have many applications in medicine, agriculture and biotechnology. The Cas protein and gRNA are two of the most crucial components of the CRISPR-Cas system. Currently, there are barriers that prevent the full potential of CRISPR-Cas systems in clinical applications, including, ethical concerns, off-target effects, immune system response, method of delivery. Off-target prevention relies heavily on gRNA analysis. With the help of technology and algorithms developed based on researches, there have been many bioinformatical tools focused on the off-target activity inhibition and increasing efficiency. In order to achieve practical use of CRISPR systems, there needs to be more predictive bioinformatical tools to minimize the off-target activity. This thesis aims to review some of these tools and discusses the criteria for future bioinformatical tools' development by addressing the current limitations and challenges. This thesis is written theoretically by using various reputable resources such as PubMed in English. Because many of the tools covered in this thesis had no prior reviews, the author had to learn how to use them, therefore this thesis does not cover all of their features for professional users. In the result section, the author has provided figures from the interface of the tools along with description of the functionality of the algorithms in use. All of the mentioned tools are then examined in the discussion part. There, features such as speed, ease of use for beginners, price, being open-source, being web or local based, flexibility in working with other tools and batch analysis are reviewed and compared. There short conclusive results are also depicted in a table for effective comparison.}, language = {en} } @masterthesis{Wu, type = {Bachelor Thesis}, author = {Wu, Ziang}, title = {Significance of gut microbiota in prognosis of cancer therapy-induced rectal mucositis and treatment outcome}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:hbz:1383-opus4-15323}, school = {Hochschule Rhein-Waal}, pages = {83}, abstract = {Colorectal cancer is a common type of cancer. Chemotherapy is an important method to treat cancer. 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) is a commonly used drug in chemotherapy regimens. 5-FU not only inhibited cancer cell division but also accelerated the apoptosis of intestinal epithelial cells. lead to colorectal mucositis. Some patients will develop severe mucositis, making subsequent treatment difficult and even life-threatening. The role of gut microbiota in the process of 5-FU-induced colorectal mucositis, and the regulation of gut microbiota through dietary regimens to reduce the possibility of colorectal mucositis deterioration are the research directions of this thesis. This thesis uses PubMed, NCBI and textbooks as the main reference sources, and some information comes from trusted websites. Through review and integration of research, it was concluded that gut microbiota played a non-negligible role in 5-FU-induced colorectal mucositis. Probiotics help maintain the stability of the intestinal mucosal barrier. The main cause of colorectal mucositis is that 5-FU suppresses the immune system and disrupts the immune system. Under the influence of 5-FU, intestinal flora dysbiosis occurs, and the intestinal mucosal barrier function is negatively affected. This leads to the worsening of colorectal mucositis. It can be inferred from research that a reasonable dietary regimen can reduce the possibility of exacerbation of colorectal mucositis. Furthermore, the digestive tract should be viewed as a whole. The role of the stomach and small intestine in the process of 5-FU-induced colorectal mucositis still needs further study. The research of gut microbes in this thesis focuses on Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus. Pathogenic/opportunistic pathogens and other probiotics are understudied. More in-depth studies are still needed on the role of gut microbes in the process of 5-FU-induced colorectal mucositis}, language = {en} } @masterthesis{Kim, type = {Bachelor Thesis}, author = {Kim, Wooyong}, title = {3D bioprinting of cartilage tissue: Current advances and challenges in tissue engineering}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:hbz:1383-opus4-15373}, school = {Hochschule Rhein-Waal}, pages = {92}, abstract = {As industrial technologies develop, some techniques were adopted and applied in medical fields for treatment improvement. Among them, 3D bioprinting is regarded as a rising and trending technology in the tissue engineering area. This is because not only does it offer patients customized organs or tissues, but also it can lower animal test dependency on drug testing. This paper is mainly focused on the use of 3D printing as a cartilage tissue fabrication for transplantation. In the beginning, general information and background knowledge concerning cartilage and bioprinting approaches were addressed. Subsequently, current research results from eight research teams related to cartilage tissue printing and grafting were introduced. Then the reports were classified and sorted into several groups to analyze and evaluate various methods' properties, advantages, and disadvantages. After that, some classic and traditional ways to produce artificial tissues without 3D bioprinting techniques were described to prove the strength of the novel tissue engineering technology. In the end, several side points, such as limitations, 3D bioprinting usages in fields other than tissue transplantation, market value, and outlook of bioprinting, were discussed. Information and sources were retrieved using Google and PubMed database search engines under specific inclusion and exclusion criteria through a PCC concept. Although the 3D bioprinting technique is still in development processes, it has a high potential to be a game-changing approach in the medical and pharmaceutical fields after commercialization in the future.}, language = {en} } @masterthesis{Zhu, type = {Bachelor Thesis}, author = {Zhu, Fangyue}, title = {Physiologically structured population model of Dikerogammarus villosus in River Rhine: Analysis of sensitivity and uncertainty}, school = {Hochschule Rhein-Waal}, abstract = {In this research, we coupled all biological processes of individual level i.e., growth, mortality,and reproduction to establish a Physiologically structured population model (PSPM) and simulate physiologically structured population dynamics of Dikerogammarus villosus (killer shrimp) in River Rhine. In order to study the influence of the changes of model parameters on the model results, we divided the physiological population model of killer shrimp into four levels,first level: Function-Level, second Level: Individual-level, third Level: Cohort-level and fourth Level: Population-level. And studied the effect of each level by slightly changing the values (±10\%) of the parameters. And the sensitivity index of each parameter is obtained by calculating the different final results of the model. In this study, the parameters with the most important effects on the three important physiological processes of growth, death and reproduction were successfully identified, and the parameters with the highest sensitivity were also identified. Finding high-sensitivity parameters can help researchers effectively improve model accuracy and reduce uncertainty. It can also simplify the model, allowing researchers to focus on highly sensitive parameters. Key words: Dikerogammarus villosus, Physiologically structured population model, PSPM,Sensitivity Analysis.}, language = {en} } @masterthesis{Skrzypietz, type = {Bachelor Thesis}, author = {Skrzypietz, Timo}, title = {Analyse und Handlungsempfehlungen zur Zufriedenheit von Mitarbeitenden einer Privat{\"a}rztlichen Verrechnungsstelle unter besonderer Ber{\"u}cksichtigung der COVID-19-Pandemie}, school = {Hochschule Rhein-Waal}, abstract = {In dieser Bachelorarbeit wird eine Mitarbeiterbefragung in Form einer Befragung konzipiert und in einer Privat{\"a}rztlichen Verrechnungsstelle, der PVS-Gruppe, durchgef{\"u}hrt. Dabei wird zun{\"a}chst mit Hilfe von vier verschiedenen Modulen zur Arbeitsplatzausstattung, allgemeinen Mitarbeiter- zufriedenheit, Arbeitsbelastung und der Gesundheit am Arbeitsplatz die Zufriedenheit der Mitar- beiter, sowie ihre St{\"a}rken und Schw{\"a}chen identifiziert. Die Identifizierung dieser wird mit Hilfe von acht Forschungsfragen vorgenommen. Der Aufbau des Fragebogens wird mit Hilfe von offe- nen und geschlossenen Fragetypen durchgef{\"u}hrt. Die geschlossenen Fragen zeichnen sich durch gleichf{\"o}rmige Skalen und Antworten aus und sind in Form von Single-Choice- und Multiple- Choice-Aufgabe gestellt. Offene Fragen werden eingesetzt, um individuelle Meinungen und Ideen der Mitarbeiter zu erfassen. Die Umfrage erfolgt online mit der Befragungssoftware des Anbieters „Survio" {\"u}ber einen Befragungszeitraum von zwei Wochen. Hierbei werden alle 750 Mitarbeiter der elf bundesweit verteilten Standorte erreicht. Die Ergebnisse der Mitarbeiterbefragung wurden einem Qualit{\"a}tscheck zur Validierung unterzogen und anhand der Forschungsfragen in Bezug zum jeweiligen Modul ausgewertet. Anhand dieser Auswertung wurde eine SWOT-Analyse durchge- f{\"u}hrt, welche die St{\"a}rken, Schw{\"a}chen, Chancen und Risiken des Unternehmens aufzeigen soll. Außerdem werden darauf basierend Handlungsleitlinien entwickelt, die zu einer kontinuierlichen Verbesserung der Zufriedenheit der Mitarbeiter f{\"u}hren sollen und somit das Ziel, die Steigerung der Zufriedenheit der Mitarbeiter, zu unterst{\"u}tzen.}, language = {de} } @misc{Linda, type = {Master Thesis}, author = {Linda, Kube}, title = {Insekten als Proteinquelle der Zukunft mit Handlungsempfehlungen zur Akzeptanz der Entomophagie}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:hbz:1383-opus4-15455}, school = {Hochschule Rhein-Waal}, pages = {156}, abstract = {Vor dem Hintergrund einer stetig wachsenden Weltbev{\"o}lkerung und der Notwendigkeit, diese nachhaltig, ausreichend und gesund zu ern{\"a}hren, wird die Erschließung von Alternativen zu konventionellen tierischen Proteinquellen immer wichtiger. Hierzu k{\"o}nnen Insekten einen entscheidenden Beitrag leisten, deren Akzeptanz als Nahrungsmittel in westlichen Gesellschaften jedoch noch eine große H{\"u}rde ist. Neben insbesondere {\"o}kologischen und ern{\"a}hrungsphysiologischen Vorteilen sind auch Herausforderungen mit der Verwendung von Insekten als Nahrungsmittel verbunden, u. a. rechtliche, wirtschaftliche und ethische Aspekte, sowie die Sicherheit des Lebensmittels. Ziel dieser Arbeit ist es, Handlungsempfehlungen mit Blick auf die Zielgruppe Kita-Kinder (bis 6 Jahre) zu erarbeiten, die k{\"u}nftig zur Akzeptanz der Entomophagie in Deutschland beitragen k{\"o}nnen und so den Verzehr von Insekten auch in Deutschland zur Normalit{\"a}t werden lassen k{\"o}nnten. Die Fragestellungen hierbei lauten: Wie hoch ist die Akzeptanz der Entomophagie in Deutschland? Welche Faktoren haben einen Einfluss auf die Akzeptanz, Insekten als Nahrungsmittel zu nutzen? Wie kann die Akzeptanz erh{\"o}ht werden? Wie kann durch fr{\"u}hzeitige Aufkl{\"a}rung bereits im Kindergartenalter die Akzeptanz erh{\"o}ht werden? Nach den Begriffserkl{\"a}rungen von Insekten, Entomophagie, Proteinquelle und Akzeptanz erfolgt zun{\"a}chst die Darstellung der aktuellen Situation der Entomophagie im Allgemeinen und im Speziellen in Deutschland, gefolgt von einem Scoping Review aktueller Studien bez{\"u}glich der Akzeptanz der Entomophagie in Deutschland und deren Einflussfaktoren. Die Akzeptanz in Deutschland ist ausbauf{\"a}hig. Ihre am h{\"a}ufigsten untersuchten Einflussfaktoren sind Ekel, Food Neophobia, Geschlecht, Verarbeitungsgrad, ‚Sensation Seeking' und Vertrautheit mit dem Konzept Entomophagie und stellen damit Ansatzpunkte f{\"u}r Handlungsempfehlungen dar. Als aussichtsreichste Zielgruppe f{\"u}r die dauerhafte Implementierung der Entomophagie als Normalit{\"a}t im Ern{\"a}hrungsalltag werden Kita-Kinder (bis 6 Jahre) erkannt. Auf Grundlage der Ergebnisse des Scoping Reviews und bestehender grundlegender didaktischer Konzepte der Ern{\"a}hrungsbildung werden mit Blick auf diese Zielgruppe Handlungsempfehlungen in Form von Aktionsbausteinen zur Anwendung und Umsetzung in Kindertageseinrichtungen entwickelt. Wichtige Aspekte sind die Themen der zielgruppenorientierten Information und Aufkl{\"a}rung {\"u}ber Entomophagie und des emotionalen und spielerischen Zugangs zu dem Thema. Ern{\"a}hrungsbildung und Ern{\"a}hrungserziehung werden hierbei zu Schl{\"u}sselaufgaben, um die Entomophagie auch in Deutschland zukunftsf{\"a}hig machen zu k{\"o}nnen.}, language = {de} } @masterthesis{Brandt, type = {Bachelor Thesis}, author = {Brandt, Moritz Lasse}, title = {The fungal endophyte Metarhizium brunneum: Possible multifunctional plant promoter in sustainable agriculture}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:hbz:1383-opus4-14648}, school = {Hochschule Rhein-Waal}, pages = {106}, abstract = {The overuse of mineral fertilizers and chemical pesticides in the world's agricultural sectors continues to be exorbitant, and is associated with a number of serious consequences for the entire complex environment. The reasons for this include the steadily growing world population and the accompanying degradation of the soil. As an alternative to chemical agents, biological plant protection/strengthening stimulants based on effective microorganisms have become established in the last decades. Research in recent years has focused on entomopathogenic fungal endophytes. The fungal endophyte Metarhizium brunneum, has long been proving its value as a mycoinsecticide in crop protection and there are indications of various plant-strengthening properties. The aim of this thesis is therefore to provide an overview of the current state of knowledge about the endophyte M. brunneum and at the same time, based on the literature, to discuss its potential as an alternative multifunctional plant promoter for sustainable agriculture. A literature research method was used to conduct a quantitative analysis of the existing knowledge on M. brunneum. The information and data collected as a result were systematically categorized and presented. The analysis has shown that the generalist M. brunneum covers a wide host range, has the ability to transfer nutrients in exchange, activates or produces plant hormones, compensates for stressors, and has many possibilities for detection and commercialization. The discussion of these results has led to the evidence that the endophyte can indeed be used as a plant growth promoter. The work also points to gaps in knowledge in several areas and emphasizes that further studies are needed.}, language = {en} } @masterthesis{Leng, type = {Bachelor Thesis}, author = {Leng, Jiale}, title = {Analysis of the Blueberry Project for Chinese agricultural SMEs: A Case Study on RBGEA's Blueberry Project}, school = {Hochschule Rhein-Waal}, abstract = {First of all, my sincere thanks to my thesis supervisor, Prof. Dr. Dietrich Darr, for his endless patience and attentiveness. For over a year from the start of my internship, he took time out of his busy teaching schedule to review, revise my thesis, point out problems and give me sound advice. It was very encouraging and uplifting to complete my project with his help and to gain so much useful experience. I am also very grateful to my other supervisor, Mr. Md Sofiullah, for his constant guidance and help with the structure, theoretical content of my thesis. Inspired by our exchanges, I have successfully completed the whole work of my thesis. In addition to this, I would like to thank the management and staff of RBGEA for their help in writing this paper, Xuna Dai and Hongyan Zhang for providing various specific data and graphs, Hua Li and the entire management team for their support in substantive discussions and team work, and the six anonymous seasonal employees who provided information.}, language = {en} } @misc{Kerst, type = {Master Thesis}, author = {Kerst, Mario}, title = {Validation and optimization of mathematical predictive models for the identification of microorganisms using Raman-spectroscopy}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:hbz:1383-opus4-14820}, school = {Hochschule Rhein-Waal}, pages = {86}, abstract = {The identification and classification of microorganisms remains a challenge in many areas, especially considering time and cost-efficiency. Fast, reliable and cheap methods are of great interest for research, industry and health care. Raman spectroscopy is a method that fulfills these criteria and, in this work, we aim to show its effectiveness to classify a selection of microorganisms. Using a standardized protocol, eighteen microorganisms were measured using Raman spectroscopy and classified with several types of mathematical classification models, including linear discriminant analysis, support vector machines and convolutional neural networks. To prepare the measured spectral data for classification several steps for the data evaluation and transformation were applied and their effectiveness for removing noise and other interferences evaluated. The resulting predictions outcomes were compared to select the most efficient model, showing that with an overall true positive prediction rate of 86.87 \% the convolutional neural network performed the best. Further inspection of the results shows issues with the measurements of selected organisms, indicating that an improved measurement protocol is required to achieve proper predictions. Overall this work shows that Raman spectroscopy in combination with mathematical classification models is a viable and fast method for classification of microorganisms.}, language = {en} } @masterthesis{Hoang, type = {Bachelor Thesis}, author = {Hoang, Le Duy}, title = {A look into the importance of social capital in agriculture extension of developing countries: A case study of the black carp project value chain extension in Hoa Binh, Vietnam}, school = {Hochschule Rhein-Waal}, abstract = {Agriculture extension is an important tool for development, especially in many developing countries where a large part of their economy and population depends on the agriculture industries. As such, many studies have been conducted on how to best utilize an organization available resource to trigger developments with extension activities, but often overlook other available resources that are less tangible, such as social capital - the social relationship value of an individual or organization. This thesis presented how social capital such as linkage and connection from influential actors in society can be utilized by extension projects to trigger development in less well-off communities, via a case study of a value chain extension project in Hoa Binh, Vietnam. The study examines the economic results of the project to identify aspects of the chain that are able to deliver value, and expand upon it with interviews of involving actors to investigate the reasoning for their cooperation. The result strongly suggests that the participants of the project were able to enjoy economic benefit due to the project ability to utilize existing social capital of local businesses to facilitate the cooperation of the value chain, which are capable of generating higher profit than regular channels for the participant involved. Keywords: agriculture extension, aquaculture, social capital, value chain, Vietnam, Hoa Binh.}, language = {en} } @masterthesis{Hermannsdoerfer, type = {Bachelor Thesis}, author = {Hermannsd{\"o}rfer, Frederic}, title = {Mechanical Preparation of External Thermal Insulation Composite Systems}, school = {Hochschule Rhein-Waal}, abstract = {The building industry relies heavily on energy conservation, energy efficiency, and resource efficiency. Thermal insulation composite systems (TICS) have been used to insulate building facades since the 1970s, resulting in significant energy savings. Additionally, as a result of EnEV 2002 implementation, energy consumption for building facades has gradually increased. The initial systems have reached the end of their useful life due to the durability of these composites, and an increasing amount of TICS waste has been generated in recent years. TICS are currently processed solely in waste incineration plants; no other method of recycling these devices exists. Due to technical constraints and the high calorific value of TICS, thermal disposal alone is not feasible. Additionally, because TICS systems are comprised of numerous components, significant resources will be wasted if they are not recycled properly. This study examines actual TICS waste that is technologically processed in order to recycle it based on its composition.}, language = {de} } @masterthesis{Stublla, type = {Bachelor Thesis}, author = {Stublla, Arlind}, title = {Nitrogen fixation of Lathyrus odoratus (sweet pea), Vicia sativa (common vetch) and Phaseolus vulgaris (common beans)}, school = {Hochschule Rhein-Waal}, pages = {45}, abstract = {Current agricultural practices depend heavily on inorganic and organic fertilizer use. These fertilizers not only can cost a lot of money, but also impose major environmental and health risks for the farmers that apply it. A solution to this problem, is the use of legume`s BNF (biological nitrogen fixation) to ecologically and inexpensively increase the amount of nitrogen (N) in the soil and the crops grown by the farmers. The aim of this study is to investigate this ability in three plants: Lathyrus odoratus (sweet peas), Vicia sativa (common vetch) and Phaseolus vulgaris (common beans) with a greater focus on Lathyrus ssp. The plants were grown in the Rhine-Waal University`s greenhouse, where two treatments were applied: one treatment with no additional N added to the soil and the other treatment with 20 kg/ha N. The soil was a mixture of agricultural soil and quartz sand. To detect the BNF (\%NDFA and mg NDFA), the 15N isotope dilution method was used. This method requires the application of 15N enriched fertilizer on both nitrogen fixer crop and a control crop (Secale cereale). As such for each plant species five pots with 4 plants (later thinned out to 3) and one pot for the control crop per treatment were planted. The plants were supported with sticks and ropes to properly allow them to grow. Phaseolus vulgaris was harvested with flowers and beans present, while Lathyrus odoratus and Vicia sativa showed no signs of flowers buds. All plant species had a good amount of \%NDFA (nitrogen derived from atmosphere) with Phaseolus vulgaris achieving the highest amount of 71.31\% for the 0N treatment and Lathyrus odoratus, 35.01\% for the 20N treatment. The most amount of mg N derived from atmosphere (mg NDFA) was collected from Phaseolus vulgaris (33.464 and 27.858 mg NDFA for 0N and 20N treatment respectively). When investigated for correlation between several factors affecting BNF, length and nodule size had a positive significant relationship with BNF with a Spearman`s rho value of 0.69 and 0.39 respectively for the 0N treatment. Although Lathyrus odoratus had the lowest performance from all plant species, it has been suggested that this may be due the plant being in the initial stages of growth. Lathyrus odoratus will require field experiments to properly quantify the amount of BNF (kg/ha) and to assess the adaptability of the crop in field environments}, language = {en} } @masterthesis{Poeytaeniemi, type = {Bachelor Thesis}, author = {P{\"o}yt{\"a}niemi, Pinja}, title = {Communication for development: The case of promoting organic farming in northern Ghana}, school = {Hochschule Rhein-Waal}, abstract = {This case study uses a participatory approach to evaluate challenges in communication for development in an agricultural market-based project located in Northern Ghana, "Organic Markets for Development," The project engages rural communities around Ghana's largest National Park Mole. The four research questions were 1) How do the communication methods used in the OM4D project influence the adoption process of organic farming among small- scale farmers? 2) What is the communication structure and flow of information within the OM4D project social network? 3) What are the challenges in communication that are hindering the adoption process? and 4) Which recommendations can be made to tackle the challenges faced, improve communication, and build organizational communication capacity based on the learnings of this research? The findings indicate that such interventions have high levels of conflict that are essential to moderate by using effective communication methods. The formal third-party organic certification system forces the OM4D project to use the top-down approach. Also, attitudes originating from a top-down approach were observed, where low adoption is accounted for on farmer characteristics rather than limiting socio-economic factors. Overall, the project succeeded in disseminating information and awareness-raising, but the communication methods were insufficient to facilitate the adoption process and establish a shared understanding and practical problem-solving. The recommendation is to include participatory methods in the project to promote effective community capacity building and engagement.}, language = {en} } @masterthesis{Roehrich, type = {Bachelor Thesis}, author = {Roehrich, Anne-Victoria}, title = {Contribution of relocated biology technologies and mobile health for the estimation of cardiovascular risks.}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:hbz:1383-opus4-15232}, school = {Hochschule Rhein-Waal}, pages = {44}, abstract = {Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the first mortality causes in the world (Khan 2021) and one of the main causes of death in Belgium. It is gauged that 17.9 million lives are taken every year worldwide. They are the causes of multiple issues, such as premature death or disabilities. They are as well causing a consequent impact on socio-economic aspects. One of the cardiovascular risks, which is one of the main thematic of this thesis is Atrial Fibrillation (AF). AF is not a new pathology, it was already described in 1827 by Robert Adams, and then in the 20th century, William Einthoven, by inventing electrocardiography, enabled the first record of it (Staerk, Sherer, Ko et al. ,year 2017). AF is a type of cardiac arrhythmia, and the most sustained one. In Belgium it is estimated that 150 000 persons are affected by it. Being an important factor in the prevention of Heart Failures (HF) and Cardiovascular risks, the management, and the screening of it are a predominant matter taking in consideration the risks brought by it. Different protocols are established in hospitals, however it is a bit more limited in general practitioner's offices (GP practices). The introduction to digital health devices can as well be delicate, as many benefits they can offer, a few disadvantages have to be taken into account in order to include them to a proper protocol. Establishing a protocol including different factors such as relocated biology technologies and mobile health, while being external to the GP practices, can prove itself to be a challenge.}, language = {en} } @misc{SilvaCabral, type = {Master Thesis}, author = {Silva Cabral, Catarina}, title = {Einfluss eines 10-w{\"o}chigen Kraft- und Ausdauertrainings auf Entz{\"u}ndungsbiomarker im Blut bei Menschen mit schubf{\"o}rmig remittierender Multipler Sklerose}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:hbz:1383-opus4-15826}, school = {Hochschule Rhein-Waal}, abstract = {Hintergrund: Die Multiple Sklerose (MS) ist eine bis dato unheilbare chronisch-entz{\"u}ndliche Erkrankung des zentralen Nervensystems, bei der es zur Besch{\"a}digung und teilweise auch zur Zerst{\"o}rung der Myelinscheiden kommt. H{\"a}ufig wird die medikament{\"o}se Therapie eingesetzt, welche jedoch h{\"a}ufig mit unerw{\"u}nschten Nebenwirkungen verbunden ist. Sport wirkt, wie auch die medikament{\"o}se Therapie, nachweislich immunmodulatorisch. Dieser l{\"a}sst sich folglich in der symptomatischen Behandlung einsetzten und hilft, das Fortschreiten der Erkrankung zu kontrollieren. Erwiesenermaßen ruft regelm{\"a}ßige k{\"o}rperliche Bewegung ebenso entz{\"u}ndungshemmende Mechanismen hervor. Demzufolge birgt regem{\"a}ßiger Sport großes Potenzial in der Pr{\"a}vention und Behandlung von Krankheiten, die im Zusammenhang mit chronischen Entz{\"u}ndungen stehen. Ziel: Im Rahmen dieser Arbeit soll der Einfluss eines kombinierten Kraft- und Ausdauertrainings auf den Neutrophilen-Lymphozyten-Quotient (NLR), den Pl{\"a}ttchen-Lymphozyten-Quotient (PLR) und den systemischen Immuninflammationsindex (SII) bei Personen mit schubf{\"o}rmig remittierender Multipler Sklerose untersucht werden. In diesem Zusammenhang soll der akute und chronische Einfluss von Training auf die untersuchten Parameter beschrieben werden. Methoden: Vierzehn Personen mit eindeutig diagnostizierter RRMS wurden der Interventionsgruppe (n = 7) oder der Kontrollgruppe (n = 7) randomisiert zugeteilt. {\"U}ber einen Interventionszeitraum von zehn Wochen nahm die Interventionsgruppe dreimal w{\"o}chentlich an einem funktionellen Kraft- und Ausdauertraining teil, w{\"a}hrend die Kontrollgruppe keinem spezifischen Training nachging. Die Entz{\"u}ndungsmarker wurden aus den gewonnen Daten des Blutbildes bestimmt. Ergebnisse: Der Einfluss eines hochintensiven kombinierten Kraft- und Ausdauertrainings auf die NLR, PLR und den SII kann aufgrund eines nicht signifikanten Effektes in dieser Arbeit nicht best{\"a}tigt werden (NLR: p = 0,582; PLR: p = 0,940; SII: p = 0,225). Ebenso konnte kein signifikanter Unterschied zwischen dem akuten Effekt einer Trainingseinheit und dem chronischen Trainingseffekt nach zehn Wochen festgestellt werden (NLR: p = 0,243; PLR: p = 0,497; SII: p = 0,218). Fazit: Trotz der nicht signifikanten Ergebnisse bietet diese Untersuchung erste Hinweise zu der Auswirkungen von Sport auf MS-Patienten. Die bereits bestehende Evidenz zu potentiellen positiven Effekten durch k{\"o}rperliches Training auf den Entz{\"u}ndungsstatus von MS-Betroffenen ist heterogen. Daher besteht weiterhin Forschungsbedarf.}, language = {de} } @masterthesis{Siamudaala, type = {Bachelor Thesis}, author = {Siamudaala, Nathan}, title = {Enhancing the Resilience of the Zambian Maize and Aquaculture Value Chains}, school = {Hochschule Rhein-Waal}, abstract = {Many Zambian people depend on Maize for their livelihoods and much of their nutrition. With the increase in the number of disruptions globally, much of the Zambian population is at risk of suffering from malnutrition. Also, the Maize bias has not assisted poverty reduction, especially in rural areas. In response, the Zambian government has urged farmers to diversify and invest in other agricultural sectors. One industry that has been of interest to the state is the aquaculture sector. This thesis aims to understand the resilience of Maize and aquaculture value chains to offer policy recommendations to decision-makers. To that end, this study utilizes a metric called the Farmers Adaptive Ratio, which looks at a loss in a food systems resilience after a disturbance occurs and a value chain resilience assessment questionnaire in order to understand reasons for or the lack of resilience. Results show that the Zambian Maize value chain is not resilient to the Fall Army Worm and Droughts. However, the disruptions do not affect all actors in the same way. For example, the study discovered that small-scale farmers are the most vulnerable to shocks. The aquaculture value chain displayed much higher resilience than the Maize value chain. The most significant disturbance is the volatile feed prices. The resilience of both value chains can be enhanced by employing long-term irrigation policies and investing in research and development to find local solutions to some of the disturbances.}, language = {en} } @masterthesis{Brender, type = {Bachelor Thesis}, author = {Brender, Nadja}, title = {Effects of Simulated Drought on Microbial Activity in Biologically and Conventionally managed Soils}, school = {Hochschule Rhein-Waal}, abstract = {Increasing droughts and intensified agricultural management cause stress and disturbance on agricultural soil, but their effects on soil microbial activity are not fully known yet. This thesis studied the effects of induced short-term drought in two contrasting agricultural management systems, namely biodynamic (BioDyn) and conventional (ConMin), on microbial activity. The soil samples taken from the DOK long-term trial were analysed using MicroResp™, fluorometric enzyme assays and disease suppression bioassays. Soil basal- and multiple substrate-induced respiration (MSIR), microbial functional diversity, extracellular enzymatic activity (EEA) and soil suppressiveness against Pythium ultimum (Pu) were evaluated as indicators for microbial activity. Drought increased basal respiration but had no effects on other parameters. Conventional farming decreased EEA involved in carbon (C)- and nitrogen (N)-cycling, while it increased phosphorus (P)-cycling. No significant effects on the interaction between farming system and drought were found. The results indicate that organic farming has, to some extent, positive effects on microbial activity while drought does not decrease activity but induces stress in microorganisms.}, language = {en} } @misc{Morawietz, type = {Master Thesis}, author = {Morawietz, Caroline}, title = {Etablierung von digitaler betrieblicher Gesundheitsf{\"o}rderung im Unternehmen anhand eines Praxisbeispiels im Handlungsfeld Ern{\"a}hrung}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:hbz:1383-opus4-15938}, school = {Hochschule Rhein-Waal}, abstract = {Diese Masterarbeit skizziert die aktuelle Entwicklung der Digitalisierung im Bereich des Betrieblichen Gesundheitsmanagements (BGM) mit Fokus auf die Betriebliche Gesundheitsf{\"o}rderung (BGF) in Deutschland. Auf Grundlage von sieben Experteninterviews werden die Anforderungen f{\"u}r die langfristige Etablierung einer dBGF abgeleitet. Dabei werden die Rahmenbedingungen und Voraussetzungen f{\"u}r die Anbieter*innen im Bereich des BGM/BGF sowie f{\"u}r die Betriebe, die digitale BGF-Maßnahmen f{\"u}r ihre Mitarbeitenden einsetzen m{\"o}chten, ausgearbeitet und in der Struktur eines PDCA-Zyklus erl{\"a}utert. Anhand eines skizzierten Praxisbeispiels werden die Umsetzungsm{\"o}glichkeiten in digitalen BGF-Angeboten aufgezeigt. Das Praxisbeispiel skizziert ein Jahreskonzept im Handlungsfeld Ern{\"a}hrung, welches im Rahmen dieser Masterarbeit in Auftrag der Kraaibeek GmbH angepasst wurde. Die Masterarbeit soll folgende Fragestellungen beantworten: Wie kann eine digitale BGF nachhaltig in Unternehmen etabliert werden? Die Methodik besteht zum einen aus einer Literaturrecherche zum aktuellen Stand der digitalen BGF sowie den Voraussetzungen und Umsetzungsm{\"o}glichkeiten digitaler Maßnahmen im Bereich der BGF. Hierf{\"u}r wurden sieben leitfadengest{\"u}tzte Experteninterviews zur Beantwortung der Forschungsfrage, nach der qualitativen Inhaltsanalyse von Mayring, ausgewertet. Aus den Ergebnissen der qualitativen Inhaltsanalyse wurden Anforderungen f{\"u}r die Etablierung einer dBGF abgeleitet. Die Anforderungen sind grunds{\"a}tzlich auf den bereits bestehenden Anforderungen einer klassischen BGF aufzubauen, m{\"u}ssen jedoch um einige wesentliche ressourcenintensive Aspekte erg{\"a}nzt werden. Eine h{\"o}here Aufmerksamkeit erhalten die Faktoren: Kommunikation mit methodisch-didaktischen Ver{\"a}nderungen, Strukturierung und Bewerbung der Maßnahmen, Einbezug der F{\"u}hrungskr{\"a}fte, Datenschutzrichtlinien, technische Umsetzungsm{\"o}glichkeiten sowie die Aufkl{\"a}rung und der stetige Einbezug der Mitarbeitenden Die aus den Experteninterviews abgeleiteten Anforderungen wurden auf Grundlage eines PDCA Zyklus strukturiert dargestellt. Schlagw{\"o}rter: digitale Betriebliche Gesundheitsf{\"o}rderung (dBGF), digitale Betriebliches Gesundheitsmanagement, Gesundheitsf{\"o}rderung im Homeoffice, Digitale Gesundheitsf{\"o}rderung im Betrieb}, language = {de} } @masterthesis{ViyofFul, type = {Bachelor Thesis}, author = {Viyof Ful, Flavian}, title = {The effects of P53 stabilitization in SMARCB1-deficent, deficent TP53- wildtype epitheliod sarcoma cells}, school = {Hochschule Rhein-Waal}, abstract = {Epithelioid sarcomas (ES) which are a rare form of soft tissue sarcomas are known to afflict both males and females with a slight bias for males. They are characterised by a defective SMARCB1 gene as well as a TP53 wildtype. Owing to this distinctive trait, it was hypothesised that reactivating p53 protein could hold therapeutic advantage in these type of tumours since p53 is a transcription factor at the crossroads between cell survival or death. P53 downstream target genes regulate the cell cycle or promote apoptosis. Since p53 is inactivated by its natural inhibitor, MDM2, in these types of tumours (Claudia Schaffner et al. 1999), using an MDM2 inhibitor to disrupt the P53-MDM2 interaction and stabilise p53 offered a sensible rationale to explore. It is often the case that cancer cells develop a resistance to a particular chemotherapy over time. Therefore, using a combination of two different inhibitors with completely different mechanisms of action to antagonise the tumour cells and prevent a possible recurrence was also considered. Two epithelioid sarcoma cell lines, VAESBJ and EPI544, were used for these experiments. HDM201, which is an MDM2 inhibitor, and doxorubicin, the current standard in threating epithelioid sarcomas, were both employed to be used as single agent treatments and in combination. Firstly, it had to be established that both cells are sensitive to the inhibitors in a dose dependent fashion. This was done using the MTS assay which quantifies cell viability based on the metabolism of tetrazolium salts and its eventual conversion to a purple soluble formazan residue by viable cells. Next, to further investigate the downstream effects of reactivated p53 in the cell populations, indirect immunofluorescence (IF) was performed to demonstrate that both inhibitors were capable of individually stabilising p53 in both cell lines. To further support the results from the indirect IF, western blot analysis was done to prove that p53 accumulates within the cell. Furthermore, quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was also performed to explore the extent to which p53's stabilisation influences the fate of the treated cells. The results obtained from the MTS assay experiments showed that the cell lines used were indeed sensitive to both inhibitors as single agent treatments (EPI544 cells IC50 (HDM)= 0.212nM, IC50 (Dox)= 259.9nM) and VAESBJ IC50 (HDM)= 1.52µM, IC50 (Dox)= 17.5nM). At their respective IC50 values in combination, both drugs acted synergistically to halt cell viability in VAESBJ cell line whereas they were antagonistic against EPI544 cell line. However, these discrepancies were due to the dose response of the cells to the drugs. Moreover, from the IF analysis, p53 was clearly stabilised and as a result affected cell viability in all cell lines for both drugs. There was a considerable amount of p53 accumulation in treated cells when analysed by western blot. Lastly, the qPCR data showed that upon stabilisation, p53 upregulated the cell cycle checkpoint protein p21 as well as its natural regulator MDM2 because of a negative feedback loop meant to regulate the amount of p53 in normal cells. BCL2 which encodes an anti-apoptotic protein is also downregulated in all treated cells. Pro-apoptotic TP53I3 gene is significantly upregulated in the cell populations treated with the combination. In a nutshell, the results support the rationale that targeting MDM2 in ES tumours holds therapeutic value. They also highlight the usefulness of combination therapies as a better approach at targeting cancer cells. Although p53 is stabilised, its accumulation and downstream effects are largely dependent on whether it was achieved through posttranslational modifications or not. These results necessitate future research to characterise the effects of a combination of HDM201 and Doxorubicin on ES tumours in vivo.}, language = {en} } @masterthesis{Sternberg, type = {Bachelor Thesis}, author = {Sternberg, Daniel}, title = {Cannabislegalisierung in Deutschland: Auswirkungen auf den Jugend- und Gesundheitsschutz}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:hbz:1383-opus4-15970}, school = {Hochschule Rhein-Waal}, pages = {87}, abstract = {Das Thema der Cannabislegalisierung in Deutschland ist mit dem Beschluss im Koalitionsvertrag der neuen Koalition von 2021 so aktuell wie nie zuvor. In der vorliegenden Arbeit soll herausgearbeitet werden, ob die Cannabislegalisierung in Deutschland den Jugend- und Gesundheitsschutz f{\"o}rdern kann. Nach Beantwortung dieser Frage soll dar{\"u}ber hinaus analysiert werden, welche Maßnahmen bzw. Rahmenbedingungen der Legalisierung den Jugend- und Gesundheitsschutz am effektivsten f{\"o}rdern k{\"o}nnen. Zur Beantwortung dieser Forschungsfragen wurde eine umfassende Literaturrecherche durchgef{\"u}hrt. Dass Cannabis in Deutschland trotz Verbot konsumiert wird, zeigt die Lebenszeitpr{\"a}valenz von {\"u}ber 28 \%. Es wurde herausgestellt, dass Cannabis insbesondere f{\"u}r Jugendliche gesundheitliche Gefahren mit sich bringt. Auf Grund der Illegalit{\"a}t wird das Cannabis unkontrolliert auf dem Schwarzmarkt verkauft, weshalb es oftmals zu minderwertiger Qualit{\"a}t oder sogar Streckmitteln und Verunreinigungen kommt, die zus{\"a}tzliche Gesundheitsrisiken bergen. Ebenfalls wird der Kontakt zu anderen illegalen Drogen gef{\"o}rdert. Staaten, die Cannabis bereits legalisiert haben, zeigen, dass der Konsum kaum anstieg und bei Jugendlichen sogar r{\"u}ckl{\"a}ufig war. Bez{\"u}glich cannabisinduzierter Krankheiten konnte ein Anstieg festgestellt werden, der allerdings auf die steigende gesellschaftliche Akzeptanz von Cannabis zur{\"u}ckzuf{\"u}hren ist. Erstere Forschungsfrage l{\"a}sst sich demnach damit beantworten, dass mit dem Wegfallen versteckter Gefahren des Schwarzmarktes der Jugend- und Gesundheitsschutz gef{\"o}rdert werden kann, da das alleinige Verbot nicht vom Konsum abh{\"a}lt. Mit gewissen Rahmenbedingungen, wie z.B. dem Preis, Verkaufsstellen, H{\"o}chstabgabemengen, Produktion und THC-Obergrenzen kann die Gesundheit der Konsumenten gesch{\"u}tzt sowie auch die H{\"a}ufigkeit und Intensit{\"a}t des Konsums eingeschr{\"a}nkt werden. Somit sch{\"u}tzt die Legalisierung von Cannabis unter den richtigen Rahmenbedingungen effektiv die Gesundheit von Jugendlichen sowie allen Cannabiskonsumenten, w{\"a}hrend dar{\"u}ber hinaus finanzielle Vorteile entstehen.}, language = {de} } @masterthesis{Paiu, type = {Bachelor Thesis}, author = {Paiu, Adrian}, title = {Konzeptionierung einer automatischen Konformit{\"a}tsdokumentation f{\"u}r Leimauftrags- und Kontrollsysteme bei der Baumer hhs GmbH}, school = {Hochschule Rhein-Waal}, abstract = {Die von Baumer hhs GmbH hergestellten Elektro- und Elektronikger{\"a}te sowie Sondermaschinen m{\"u}ssen bestimmte gesetzliche Vorgaben erf{\"u}llen, die sich aus der europ{\"a}ischen Umweltschutzgesetzgebung ergeben. In der vorliegenden Arbeit werden die produktbezogenen, stoffrechtlichen Anforderungen der relevanten Rechtsvorschriften dargestellt. Ferner wird erl{\"a}utert welche Dokumentations- und Informationspflichten daraus f{\"u}r das Unternehmen resultieren. Welchen Herausforderungen sich das Unternehmen dabei stellen muss soll ebenfalls im Rahmen dieser Arbeit verdeutlicht werden. Das Ziel ist die Vorstellung eines Konzeptes zur automatischen Konformit{\"a}tsdokumentation der hergestellten Produkte um den damit verbundenen, zeitlichen sowie personellen Aufwand m{\"o}glichst auf ein Minimum zu reduzieren. Der Aufbau einer einheitlichen Datenbank, die alle relevanten Informationen und Konformit{\"a}tsangaben der gelieferten Materialien, Bauteile und Baugruppen enth{\"a}lt, wird durch eine Datenerhebung bei den Lieferanten des Unternehmens realisiert. Die Datenbank stellt dabei die Grundlage f{\"u}r einen automatisierten Prozess dar, der mittels einer IT-Anwendung erm{\"o}glicht wird. F{\"u}r die Programmierung wurde ein externer Dienstleister beauftragt. Die Ergebnisse dienen der Best{\"a}tigung, dass die Baumer hhs Produkte die stoffrechtlichen Anforderungen erf{\"u}llen.}, language = {de} } @misc{Duarah, type = {Master Thesis}, author = {Duarah, Meenakshi}, title = {Healthy additions in dairy milk: A systematic literature review}, school = {Hochschule Rhein-Waal}, abstract = {Dairy makes up a significant part of the diet as most individuals tend to include milk in their meals. Several studies have revealed that some of the health challenges experienced by humans are a result of some of the additives added to some of their foods. Various kinds of additions can be done in milk that is healthy to increase the consumption among the population or increase the nutrition value of milk. Such additions include flavours, vitamins, and minerals, chocolate, spices, and herbs, as well as fortification of milk products, etc. In the case of preservatives, potassium sorbate and sodium benzoate are added to milk which helps in inhibiting the growth of micro-organisms, preserves the freshness of milk, and prevents spoilage. Also, the concept of lactose-free dairy products is explained widely. Lactose is often present in almost all our dairy products, making it a challenge to those who suffer from lactose intolerance. The process of production of lactosefree milk is explained, which allows people to obtain the nutrients they need from food without compromising their health. The benefits of some of the additives of dairy products are determined methods of killing pathogens in milk also come into play in the research. This includes sterilization of milk which is a high treatment process that uses high temperature to get rid of pathogens. The study also explains the implications that come with the development of aroma and flavour in dairy products, the process of fortification of milk is also explained as a healthy addition to milk. Overall, this review paper shed light on the healthy additions in milk. The research also explores the effectiveness of the market trend of such additions in milk. Keywords: "Lactose free Milk", "Healthy additions", "Healthy benefits and Milk", "Herbs and spices in Milk", "Milk products", "Milk market and Germany", "Healthy addition or Chocolates", "Turmeric milk", "Cloves milk", "Chocolate milk and milk products", "Fortified milk and additions", "Probiotics in milk".}, language = {en} } @misc{Dura, type = {Master Thesis}, author = {Dura, Melanie}, title = {Betriebliche Gesundheitsf{\"o}rderung f{\"u}r haupt- und ehrenamtlich Mitarbeitende in der Freien Wohlfahrtspflege am Beispiel des AWO Kreisverband Kleve e.V.}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:hbz:1383-opus4-13638}, school = {Hochschule Rhein-Waal}, pages = {180}, abstract = {Ziel dieser Arbeit war es, herauszufinden, welches Verbesserungspotenzial die Verwaltung des AWO Kreisverband Kleve e.V. hinsichtlich betrieblicher Gesundheitsf{\"o}rderung aufweist und welche ressourcenschonenden Maßnahmen zur Mitarbeitergesundheit beitragen. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass vor allem hinsichtlich ergonomischer B{\"u}roausstattung und Bewegung im Arbeitsalltag Handlungsbedarf besteht. Den Erkenntnissen nach empfehlen sich Maßnahmen wie die Anschaffung einheitlicher ergonomischer B{\"u}rost{\"u}hle und die F{\"o}rderung einer aktiven Pausengestaltung. Mithilfe von Apps und deren Erinnerungsfunktionen k{\"o}nnen bewusst lange Sitzeinheiten unterbrochen werden. Zudem eignen sich kleine Wettbewerbe und das Fahrrad-Leasing, um die k{\"o}rperliche Aktivit{\"a}t der Mitarbeitenden moderat anzuheben. Es stellt sich heraus, dass besonders die Veranstaltung eines Gesundheitstages bzw. einer Gesundheitswoche viele Vorteile miteinander verbindet und den Impuls gibt, sich mit dem Thema Mitarbeitergesundheit auseinanderzusetzen. Festzuhalten ist, dass die hier genannten Maßnahmen eine solide Basis schaffen und einen wichtigen Schritt in Richtung betriebliche Gesundheitsf{\"o}rderung bilden. Als Ausblick in die Zukunft sollten die Maßnahmen kontinuierlich angepasst und nacheinander auf die einzelnen Zielgruppen - auch außerhalb der Verwaltung - zugeschnitten werden, sodass der AWO Kreisverband Kleve e.V. die Gesundheit all seiner Mitarbeitenden st{\"a}rkt. Ferner sollte das Interesse der Mitarbeitenden an gesundheitsrelevanten Themen dazu genutzt werden, sie zu motivieren und darin zu best{\"a}rken, m{\"o}glichst eigenverantwortlich und auch außerhalb der Arbeitszeit ein nachhaltiges gesundheitsf{\"o}rderndes Verhalten anzustreben. Dar{\"u}ber hinaus profitieren nicht nur die Mitarbeitenden von der Wertsch{\"a}tzung, sondern auch der Arbeitgeber, indem er auf dem Arbeitsmarkt wettbewerbsf{\"a}hig bleibt. Gesunde, zufriedene und leistungsf{\"a}hige Mitarbeitende sind der Schl{\"u}ssel zum nachhaltigen Erfolg einer zukunftsorientierten Organisation und weitaus mehr als nur ein reiner Kostenfaktor.}, language = {de} } @masterthesis{Mizane, type = {Bachelor Thesis}, author = {Mizane, Amal}, title = {Implementation of organic agriculture and sustainability thinking in higher agricultural education in Uganda}, school = {Hochschule Rhein-Waal}, abstract = {Several significant reforms have been implemented by the Ugandan government in the last few years aimed at converting conventional agriculture into organic agriculture. To analyze the impact of organic agriculture policies on the education system in Uganda, in this study, it has been assessed the number of courses, training institutions, and University programs available during the past years. The researcher also examined from the students' perspective the limitations and possible improvements of the organic agriculture courses to identify possible gaps and develop better strategies. Furthermore, the researcher interviewed students from Uganda Martyrs University, a leading African University in Agro-ecological solutions, with top-rated courses in Organic Agriculture and Agroecology. The research revealed there are several courses available in Uganda based on the policies found. Most programs are dealing with Agroecology and Organic agriculture.}, language = {en} } @misc{Bhadula, type = {Master Thesis}, author = {Bhadula, Divya}, title = {Evaluating the influence of adaption to the vegan lifestyle on protecting the right of farm animals and challenges faced by them due to climate change}, school = {Hochschule Rhein-Waal}, abstract = {This research is on evaluating the influence of vegan lifestyle on the protection of animal rights. There are different factors that influence the adaption of veganism, such as ethical reasons or health reasons for choosing a vegan lifestyle. Those factors have been evaluated in this research in the context of European countries. There are different steps taken by the European countries to improve animal protection at livestock farms, which have also been determined in this research. The evaluation has identified that there are different initiatives taken by European countries and EFSA to ensure that the animals feel less pain and distress on livestock farms. Climate change also has an influence on animal protection. Specifically, it is related to the livestock farms as well because it impacts the quality of crop and water supply. It have been identified that both livestock farms and climate change have an influence on each other, and the steps are being taken to overcome the challenges related to the influence of climate change on livestock farms.}, language = {en} } @masterthesis{Kouis, type = {Bachelor Thesis}, author = {Kouis, Zacharias}, title = {Photovoltaic power potential in Cyprus and how the synergies observed in an Agrivoltaic system affect the efficiency of food and energy production}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:hbz:1383-opus4-15707}, school = {Hochschule Rhein-Waal}, pages = {72}, abstract = {Cyprus plans to drastically increase its share of RES grid penetration from 16.7\% in 2020 to 22.9\% in 2030 by taking advantage of the sun's energy abundance in the region and the favorable climatic conditions available. In this study, the solar potential of Cyprus through PV technology will be assessed and quantified with the use of PVGIS tool on three different levels: theoretical, practical and economical, while spatial representation of the region's potential will allow for better comprehension of the concept. Land use constraints being a major limitation for the implementations of such concepts can be avoided with the dual use of land in a scheme known as Agrivoltaics. The coexistence of crop and energy production can give rise to synergies that affect the efficiency of such schemes. This paper using a qualitative approach will investigate and analyse these possible synergies and will identify barriers that might arouse. Results demonstrate yearly GHI and DNI values of 1963.62 kWh/m2 and 2201.61 kWh/m2 respectively, while yearly PVOUT accounts for 1828.75 kWh/kWp with a seasonality index of 1.4 and LCOE value of €0.053/kWh, evidencing undoubtedly the resource's potential in the region. Within an agrivoltaic system nine categories of synergies where identified indicating an overall positive effect in the efficiency of food-energy nexus. The limpid representation of the PV energy resource potential in Cyprus and the comprehensive description of the arousing synergies can propel further exploitation of the agrivoltaic concept within the region.}, language = {en} } @masterthesis{Islam, type = {Bachelor Thesis}, author = {Islam, Md Ariful}, title = {Effects of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi on plant growth, yield, and plant-parasitic nematode control in organic tomato production: A field study and a systematic review}, school = {Hochschule Rhein-Waal}, abstract = {The symbiotic relationship between plants and Arbuscular Mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) is widely known. However, the effect of AMF on plant growth and overall yield, together with plant physiology and soil metabolism under inappropriate field conditions, shows ambiguous conclusions. Moreover, AMF in organic farming systems may be less effective because organic farming excludes most biocides and water-soluble fertilizers and generally have more diversified rotations. AMF can be used as a natural tool to reduce the effect of plant-parasitic nematodes (PPN) as well. Therefore, this study aims to assess the impact of AMF on plant growth, yield, and PPN in organic tomato production. The study consists of a field study and a systematic review. A renowned tomato variety and a mixture of AMF inoculum were used in an organic greenhouse with a controlled irrigation system for the field experiment. In addition, a Systematic Literature Review using the PRISMA framework was conducted to investigate the effect of AMF on the PPN population. For the simplicity of this review, PPN Pratylenchus spp. (PS) was only included, as AMF inoculated plants exhibit better tolerance under PS pressure. Results showed no significant increase in overall tomato production in response to AMF application. However, a positive correlation was found between AMF and PS population densities, as most studies indicated no effect or decrease in the PS population. Different AMF and PS interaction results indicate the involvement of different cultivars, soil characteristics, temperature, and various AMF and crop species. The mechanisms involved in these interactions are reviewed and could be an object for further study.}, language = {en} } @masterthesis{Mutzberg, type = {Bachelor Thesis}, author = {Mutzberg, Lisa-Camilla}, title = {Oral Enzyme Therapy in Systemic Analgetic Treatment}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:hbz:1383-opus4-15107}, school = {Hochschule Rhein-Waal}, pages = {91}, abstract = {The possibility of an oral enzyme combination being able to replace diclofenac in the treatment of pain and inflammation is discussed. Oral enzyme therapy involves the use of proteolytic enzymes like bromelain, serratiopeptidase, trypsin, rutin, and papain. The goal of oral enzyme therapy is to replace non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) in the treatment of symptoms requiring short or long-term treatment due to the side effects of NSAIDs for example diclofenac. The main analysis is focused on the analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects of oral enzyme therapy. The results are based on database retrieval covering single oral enzymes and oral enzyme combinations like Wobenzym and Phlogenzym. Osteoarthritis and post- surgery treatment studies of oral enzyme therapy are included to analyze the efficacy and effectiveness of the new treatment approach. Bromelain, serratiopeptidase, and rutin are covered in their industrial production. Safety and efficacy, trial diversity, economics, and the potential of oral enzymes being the new homeopathy are discussed. Oral enzymes show a great safety profile in the overall comparison to NSAIDs with tolerability rated as good and very good by patients and physicians. The trial diversity has an impact on the comparability resulting in the need for a cohesion set-up for the retrieval of evidence on the efficacy and effectiveness of oral enzyme therapy. The economic situation of oral enzymes is defined by the currently expensive production of enzymes with a possible reduction in retail price due to new techniques and technology. With the presence of new studies of high quality in the future, a detailed revision of facts is advised on oral enzymes being an alternative to NSAIDs.}, language = {en} } @misc{Theiss, type = {Master Thesis}, author = {Theiss, Doreen Viktoria}, title = {Implementierung einer zielgerichteten Gesundheitsf{\"o}rderung im betrieblichen Gesundheitsmanagement mit einer deskriptiven Studie zur Human Ressource-gest{\"u}tzten Analyse eines Großunternehmens und Entwicklung bedarfsgerechter Gesundheitsf{\"o}rderungsmaßnahmen}, school = {Hochschule Rhein-Waal}, abstract = {Vor dem Hintergrund der wachsenden Bedeutung des Erhalts der Gesundheit und Besch{\"a}ftigungsf{\"a}higkeit Erwerbst{\"a}tiger wurde der Auftrag zur Implementierung einer betrieblichen Gesundheitsf{\"o}rderung (BGF) in einem Großunternehmen erteilt. Ziel der vorliegenden Abschlussarbeit ist es, Ziele f{\"u}r eine bedarfsgerechte BGF und einen Maßnahmenplan zu entwickeln. F{\"u}r eine bedarfsgerechte Ausrichtung muss die Ist-Situation im Unternehmen analysiert werden. Dazu wird folgende Forschungsfrage gestellt: Welche Rahmenbedingungen bestehen in dem untersuchten Großunternehmen und sind relevant bei der Entwicklung zielgerichteter betrieblicher Gesundheitsf{\"o}rderungsmaßnahmen? Um die Forschungsfrage zu beantworten, wird eine deskriptive Studie zur Sekund{\"a}r- und Prim{\"a}ranalyse des Großunternehmens durchgef{\"u}hrt. Hierf{\"u}r werden vorhandene Daten der Besch{\"a}ftigten analysiert und mittels eines Fragebogens neue Mitarbeiterdaten erhoben. Untersucht werden als Rahmenbedingungen der Ist-Zustand des betrieblichen Gesundheitsmanagements (BGM) im Unternehmen, die vorherrschende Arbeitsumgebung und die betriebsinternen Strukturen, der aktuelle (subjektive) Gesundheitszustand sowie bestehende Mitarbeiterbed{\"u}rfnisse bez{\"u}glich ihrer aktuellen gesundheitlichen Situation. In die Stichprobe einbezogen werden alle Mitarbeitenden an allen deutschen Standorten des Unternehmens, diese stellen die Zielgruppe der Gesundheitsf{\"o}rderungsmaßnahmen dar. Die Ergebnisse werden in St{\"a}rken und Schw{\"a}chen (interne Faktoren) sowie Chancen und Risiken (externe Faktoren) unterteilt und daraus strategische Stoßrichtungen entwickelt. Aus diesen werden lang- und kurzfristige (operative) Ziele entwickelt und Maßnahmen zur Erreichung dieser formuliert. Zur {\"U}berpr{\"u}fung der Zielerreichung werden Mess- und Zielgr{\"o}ßen f{\"u}r die operativen Ziele formuliert. Die quantitative Studie zeigt, dass ein {\"u}berdurchschnittlich schlechter Krankenstand, vielf{\"a}ltige Arbeitsbelastungen, eine geringe Arbeitsmotivation und -organisation und ein ausbauf{\"a}higes Betriebsklima im Unternehmen vorherrschen. Zudem gibt es ein BGM und eine BGF, welche f{\"u}r einen Erfolg {\"u}berarbeitet werden sollten. Es konnten vier strategische und, f{\"u}r diese, 33 operative Ziele sowie vielf{\"a}ltige Maßnahmen entwickelt werden. Durch diese Abschlussarbeit wird der Grundstein f{\"u}r die Implementierung einer bedarfsgerechten BGF gelegt, anhand dessen wesentliche Strukturen optimiert sowie konkrete Maßnahmen zur Umsetzung gebracht werden k{\"o}nnen. Die Arbeit gibt Orientierung bei der Weiterf{\"u}hrung der BGF als Regelkreis f{\"u}r das Großunternehmen, als auch f{\"u}r andere Unternehmen bei der Einf{\"u}hrung einer BGF und der Anwendung einer Mitarbeiterbefragung.}, subject = {Betriebliche Gesundheitsf{\"o}rderung}, language = {de} } @masterthesis{Ruiz, type = {Bachelor Thesis}, author = {Ruiz, Yudit}, title = {Investigation of Self-Healing in Fruit Epidermis with Atomic Force Microscopy}, school = {Hochschule Rhein-Waal}, abstract = {Different advanced microscopy techniques, mainly atomic force microscopy and scanning electron microscopy are used to inspect damage healing on fruit epidermis using squash - Cucurbita pepo L. - as prime specimen. The approach and methods used followed instructions reported by comparable projects studying epicuticular wax regeneration with SEM and AFM. However, novel detailed and instructive information was collected and reported on how to perform tasks involving certain degrees of technical difficulty, such as using AFM to find a particular location on a sample that is, by definition, thousands of times larger than the target focal zone. A non-reported system was used to trace and cut out the damages on the fruit surface. The manipulation and lithography mode of the AFM JPK software is known to work to trace micro-scale designs on hard surfaces such as CDs but we prove it can also be used on soft and very irregular surfaces such as that of C. pepo - to a certain extent. A total of 19 scratches and one round-shaped damage were cut and optical information was collected through time with AFM. All relevant parameters were measured with the JPKs built-in measuring tool and information was collected and later plotted on excel spreadsheets. Damage sealing was found to happen for all cases and for almost all different parameters -length, depth, width. The characteristics of all cases reported are unique - follow up times vary from minutes to hours and other features such as initial damage size and the force applied for its creation are different. However, damage sealing did not seem to correlate with any of these. Samples cut from specimens several days after purchase or simply from specimens with a rough, dry surface seemed to progress much more slowly than those coming from fresh-looking samples. The focus of the study was the fruit cuticle (stiff polymeric film covering the outer surface of all higher plants). To make sure that the processes of healing observed actually correspond to this part a) wax was removed in all of the samples and b) the cuticle of our model fruit was measured with light microscopy, showing that its thickness is much higher than the deepest of our AFM scratches. This way we aimed to prove that the regeneration observed represents actual cellulose regrowth and cellular activity healing the cutin layer. Progress is observed in all cases, which is a good sign. However, wax is known to regenerate immediately after removal in experiments with leaves. The fact that some of our damages seal within the first 10 minutes of observation may be an indication that wax is filling the scratch instead of other biological activity. Further research is needed to clarify the nature of this process.}, language = {en} } @misc{Hoffmann, type = {Master Thesis}, author = {Hoffmann, Annika}, title = {Wie der Darm unsere Psyche beeinflusst-Modulation des Mikrobioms als geeigneter Therapieansatz f{\"u}r psychische Krankheiten?}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:hbz:1383-opus4-15614}, school = {Hochschule Rhein-Waal}, abstract = {Die Pr{\"a}valenz von psychischen Erkrankungen ist in der Bev{\"o}lkerung weit verbreitet und in den letzten Jahren stark angestiegen. J{\"a}hrlich sind etwa 27,8 \% der Erwachsenen in Deutschland von psychischen Erkrankungen betroffen. Dabei sind die R{\"u}ckfallquoten und die Wahrscheinlichkeit einer Chronifizierung dieser Krankheiten sehr hoch. Auch besteht die Problematik, dass es wenige Anlaufstellen f{\"u}r die Betroffenen gibt, lange Wartezeiten in Kauf genommen werden m{\"u}ssen und herk{\"o}mmliche medikament{\"o}se Therapien teilweise starke Nebenwirkungen hervorrufen. In dieser Masterthesis wurde der Zusammenhang zwischen psychischen Krankheiten, dem Mikrobiom und Stoffwechselparametern untersucht, um zu kl{\"a}ren, ob eine Modulation des Darm Mikrobioms durch Pr{\"a}biotika und Probiotika einen geeigneten Behandlungsansatz f{\"u}r die Therapie von psychischen Erkrankungen wie Depressionen, Angstst{\"o}rungen, Schizophrenie oder Anorexia nervosa darstellen k{\"o}nnte. Dazu wurden insgesamt 55 Artikel analysiert. Die Abundanz von Darmmikroben auf Phylum-, Familien- und Gattungsebene, die Konzentrationsver{\"a}nderung von Stoffwechselparametern, die Auswirkungen bestimmter Mikroorganismen auf die Stoffwechselparameter und der Effekt von Pr{\"a}- und Probiotika auf das Mikrobiom und die Verhaltensweisen der Patienten bzw. der Tiere wurden in den Studien verglichen. Es konnte eine Korrelation zwischen der relativen H{\"a}ufigkeit bestimmter Mikroorganismen, den von ihnen produzierten Metaboliten und dem Auftreten der untersuchten psychischen Erkrankungen festgestellt werden. Durch die Supplementation mit Pr{\"a}- und Probiotika und insbesondere durch Lactobacillus spp. und Bifidobacterium spp., konnten die Symptome abgeschw{\"a}cht werden. Vor allem der kombinierte Einsatz von Pro- und Pr{\"a}biotika hat sich als effektiv erwiesen. Die Behandlung von psychischen Erkrankungen ausschließlich durch den Einsatz von Pr{\"a}- und Probiotika ist h{\"a}ufig nicht ausreichend. In Kombination mit herk{\"o}mmlichen Behandlungsmethoden ist die gezielte Modulation des Mikrobioms als sinnvoll zu bewerten. Insgesamt ist dieses Themenfeld jedoch noch wenig erforscht und die Literatur liefert teilweise widerspr{\"u}chliche Ergebnisse, wodurch zuk{\"u}nftig weitere Untersuchungen erforderlich sind.}, language = {de} } @masterthesis{Jayalath, type = {Bachelor Thesis}, author = {Jayalath, Pramudini Saubhagya}, title = {Similarities Between Pathogenic CD4+ T Cells in PD-1 Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor Induced Arthritis and Rheumatoid Arthritis}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:hbz:1383-opus4-10981}, school = {Hochschule Rhein-Waal}, pages = {52}, abstract = {Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) such as anti-CTLA-4 or anti-PD-1 are an efficient and standard treatment option for cancer patients today. However, the treatment with immune checkpoint inhibitors often leads to immune-related adverse events, including Rheumatoid arthritis. Despite the use of ICI for cancer patients dates back to a couple of years, by this time, there are many cases described about RA occurring after ICI treatment. In most cases, the appearance of RA has occurred after anti-PD-1 treatment. Nevertheless, the cause of the induced RA after ICI treatment is poorly understood and poorly investigated. We investigated the cytokine expression of CD4+ T cells isolated from an anti-PD-1 treated cancer patient and analysed the different subpopulations of CD4+ T cells, such as Th1 and Th17 cells. Due to the limited availability of blood samples from ICI treated cancer patients with RA from the University Hospital of Cologne, blood samples were also analysed from RA patients. In this case, the isolated CD4+ T cells were treated in vitro with or without anti-PD1 antibody. By flow cytometry analysis, Th1, Th17 and Treg cell populations of the different groups were determined. In vitro PD-1 treatment has shown a distinct effect after 48 hours on the CD4+ T cells from RA patients. Treatment with anti- PD-1 inhibited the cytokine expression of IFNγ and IL-17 of the CD4+ cells isolated from RA patients; therefore, fewer cells were differentiated into Th17 cells. The same effect was observed on CD4+ T cells from healthy individuals. The differentiation into regulatory T cells was also concerned by PD-1 treatment. There were fewer Treg cells detected from the group of RA patients but not in the group of healthy individuals. The result suggests that CD4+ T cells from RA patients show more resistance to PD1 mediated regulation than CD4+ T cells from healthy individuals or cancer patients. Our findings shed insight into the effect of anti-PD-1 treatment on CD4+ T cells. However, more research is needed to clarify the background of ICI induced RA in cancer patients. Furthermore, ICI therapy is becoming a standard treatment for multiple cancer types. Thus it is important to make awareness of the potential irAEs of immunotherapy among cancer patients.}, language = {en} } @masterthesis{Lai, type = {Bachelor Thesis}, author = {Lai, Siru}, title = {Investigation on conventional tea industry in Chinese domestic market analysis along the supply chain}, school = {Hochschule Rhein-Waal}, language = {en} } @masterthesis{Shamsuzaman, type = {Bachelor Thesis}, author = {Shamsuzaman, Md}, title = {Engineering of an Algal Turf Scrubber (ATS) for phosphate removal from wastewater}, school = {Hochschule Rhein-Waal}, abstract = {With an increasing population around the world, there is a surge in wastewater generation as well as an eager demand for energy. Carbon dioxide and other pollutants are also released into the atmosphere when fossil fuels are burned for energy production. In order to reduce wastewater treatment costs and create energy, it is crucial to develop sustainable green strategies. Microalgae could be the best alternative to solve these problems. These can potentially reduce the cost and energy usage of treating wastewater compared to conventional wastewater treatment procedures. Phosphate is one of the critical elements in wastewater, which has to be minimized to a certain level in a wastewater treatment plant. Scientists have been researching cost-effective algal cultivation systems for a long time. In the early 90s, Adey developed the first Algal Turf Scrubber concept. This thesis investigates Algal Turf Scrubber (ATS) to produce microalgae biomass and remove nutrients from wastewater. In order to build an ATS, various techniques and equipment have been used. An ideal movement system has been created using MATLAB Simulink and Arduino. A 20W blue LED light was used on the basis of 09h:09h (Light : Dark). In this study, two algal turf scrubbers were constructed. External liquid phosphate was used with the Spoy Kanal water in order to increase the phosphate level, as the Spoy Kanal water contains a very low phosphate. On average, the rate of 0.65 mg/L per day phosphate and 0.41 mg/L per day nitrate removal were recorded in 12 days of operation}, language = {en} } @misc{vanNooy, type = {Master Thesis}, author = {van Nooy, Lisa}, title = {{\"U}ber den Stellenwert von school nurses in der Versorgung von Kindern und Jugendlichen mit Diabetes mellitus Typ 1}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:hbz:1383-opus4-13048}, school = {Hochschule Rhein-Waal}, pages = {194}, abstract = {Diabetes mellitus Typ 1 beeinflusst als h{\"a}ufigste chronische Stoffwechselerkrankung im Kindes- und Jugendalter die Gesundheit und den Alltag von etwa 32.000 deutschen Kindern und Jugendlichen sowie deren Familien. Aufgrund von unzureichenden Unterst{\"u}tzungsm{\"o}glichkeiten f{\"u}r die medizinische Versorgung im außerh{\"a}uslichen Umfeld, fordern diverse Autor:innen bundesweit einheitliche Maßnahmen, um Betroffenen eine uneingeschr{\"a}nkte Teilhabe besonders in der Schule zu erm{\"o}glichen. Als eine m{\"o}gliche Maßnahme, um diese Kinder und Jugendlichen in der Schule bedarfsorientiert zu unterst{\"u}tzen, untersuchte die vorliegende Arbeit das Modell der international anerkannten „school nurse". Die Zielsetzung bestand darin, den Stellenwert von school nurses konkret f{\"u}r die Versorgung von Sch{\"u}ler:innen mit Diabetes mellitus Typ 1 zu bestimmen. Daf{\"u}r wurde zun{\"a}chst eine systematische Literaturrecherche durchgef{\"u}hrt, in der zehn Publikationen eingeschlossen und als aktueller Forschungsstand ausgewertet wurden. Auf dieser Basis wurden im Anschluss zehn halbstandardisierte Expert:inneninterviews gef{\"u}hrt und mittels einer qualitativen Inhaltsanalyse ausgewertet. Die Ergebnisse wurden final in Form einer SWOT-Analyse bewertet und diskutiert, um somit die Forschungsfrage zu beantworten. Als Ergebnis konnten verschiedene Parameter erarbeitet werden, anhand denen der Stellenwert von school nurses im Kontext der speziellen Erkrankung bewertet wurde. Die fachlichen Qualifikationen von school nurses und der einzigartige Zugang zu betroffenen Kindern und Jugendlichen, wurden als St{\"a}rken interpretiert, besonders da school nurses dadurch positive Einfl{\"u}sse in Form von gesundheitsbezogenen und bildungsrelevanten Outcomes nehmen k{\"o}nnen. Sie greifen damit unter anderem die Chance auf, betroffene Familien und Lehrkr{\"a}fte zu entlasten und eine gesundheitliche Chancengleichheit in Form von einer uneingeschr{\"a}nkten Teilhabe zu f{\"o}rdern. Trotz auch bestehenden Schw{\"a}chen und Risiken wurden school nurses aufgrund dessen in der Versorgung von Kindern und Jugendlichen mit Diabetes mellitus Typ 1 schlussfolgernd ein hoher Stellenwert zugeordnet. F{\"u}r zuk{\"u}nftige Entwicklungen in der deutschen Schulgesundheitspflege und eine ganzheitlich verbesserte Versorgungssituation von betroffenen Familien, ist eine fl{\"a}chendeckende Implementierung von school nurses auf bundesweiter Ebene zu empfehlen. Keywords: Stellenwert, Rolle, school nurse, Schulgesundheitsfachkraft, Diabetes mellitus Typ 1, Kinder, Jugendliche, Sch{\"u}ler:innen, SWOT-Analyse}, language = {de} } @masterthesis{Drees, type = {Bachelor Thesis}, author = {Drees, Philipp}, title = {Python-based Data Analysis of High-Throughput Growth Curve Screenings}, school = {Hochschule Rhein-Waal}, abstract = {When studying microbial growth, a rudimentary procedure involves the observation of growth factors. These factors have to be determined, reconstructed and evaluated. Considering large data quantities, the time it takes to prepare and evaluate these samples increases. By automating and concurrently simulating the microbial samples, time and human error can be reduced. The purpose behind this thesis is to document and develop the design of a Python-based software that connects to the output of the GrowthProfiler in such a way, that manual labor is reduced or replaced by automated processes as much as possible. In order to accomplish this, programming was used to get access to the recorded data. Additionally, applying analytical tools and procedures results into appropriate and readable conclusions for further interpretation. The technological development has described a decisive increase in the usage of tests and thus, instruments for multiple testing (batch experiments, numerous parallel runs) were engineered. The amount of testing increases, so there is a resulting need for 'batchevaluation' of those tests. Manual plating of microorganisms and noting down the measurements is often replaced by devices like the GrowthProfiler, that can run 96 experiments simultaneously. However, high throughput experiments also require high throughput data analysis. Identifying the exponential phase and approximating the maximum µ, that is used in the exponential growth model. The mathematical approach behind this method is a separation of the measured growth curve into 'bins' and comparing the slope within this 'bin' to each other. When finding a distribution, which describes a better R², replacing it until no better fit is found. This ensures to receive a linear regression with the highest R², but not necessarily with the steepest slope. This attempt has been approached during the design of this software. With the programming language Python, a code has been constructed to detect all CSV s in certain computer folder. The data will be plotted, and the different calculations such as recognizing the biggest R² and deriving the growth rate, summarizing arithmetic means and standard deviation, concentrating all gathered information into an Excel sheet. This software was compared with other approaches to define automatically a regression curve fitting to that plot. After finalisation, this software is accessible online on a server and no downloads are necessary and can be embedded into the sequence chain between the GrowthProfiler and the final findings. Ultimately, other tools to provide programmatic support to microbiological analysis were experimented with, like simulation of the substrate uptake rate during simulated growth experiment via Monod-equation.}, language = {en} } @masterthesis{Brons, type = {Bachelor Thesis}, author = {Brons, Nico}, title = {Implementation of a Genome Editing Procedure for Wheat (Triticum aestivium) Protoplasts with CRISPR-Cas9 Ribonucleoproteins}, school = {Hochschule Rhein-Waal}, abstract = {Wheat (Triticum aestivium) is one of the most important crops in feeding the world. Even though its cultivation is subject to continuous optimization, there are still limitations to it. Wheat lodging, droughts and diseases are amongst the most prominent problems, which are only getting worse through climate change in the coming years. In 2012, a novel technique for fast and easy genetic modifications was discovered known as CRISPR-Cas9. By genetically modifying plants, it could be possible to alter them according to the needs of agriculture. Transgenic plants are usually obtained by infecting them with foreign DNA (plasmids), which usually results in a regulation by government. A novel DNA free approach described by (Brandt, Gunn et al. (2020)) might be the solution to this problem and was set as a guideline for the experiment conducted here. In this approach, wheat protoplasts were transfected with Cas9-Ribonucleoproteins (RNPs) to induce a deletion in their genome. After an incubation of 48 hours, the gene of interest was amplified by PCR and the resulting DNA fragments were analyzed by gel electrophoresis to detect successful deletions. Even though a detection of deletions was not successful, many limiting factors of the protoplasts' treatment could be determined, and some could also be resolved. This experiment provides a great basis for future approaches. By using RNPs instead of DNA, no foreign DNA is integrated into the organism's genome, which might result in a deregulation of plants altered with this technique.}, language = {en} } @masterthesis{Yotov, type = {Bachelor Thesis}, author = {Yotov, Nikola Vladislavov}, title = {Development of programmes to investigate the antimicrobial efficacy of domestic dishwashers}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:hbz:1383-opus4-13238}, school = {Hochschule Rhein-Waal}, pages = {85}, abstract = {Dishwashers have undergone a drastic change both in design and programme variation since their conception. Trends in water and energy conservation, as well as the public perception of topics such as environment protection, have pushed for a dishwashing service that delivers highly efficient cleaning while remaining ecologically friendly. Over the years, different methods have been used to assess the combined effects of different factors that play a role in the antimicrobial efficacy of domestic dishwashers. However, the extent of their individual capabilities remained unknown, as no factor could be tested separately with the commercially available settings. With the aid of a dishwasher with programmable parameters, a method was developed that would allow for the testing of the different factors in a way that separates their microbicidal activities from one another as much as possible. The work of cleaning agents was excluded from any trials, as they are expected to only benefit the microbial reduction. Furthermore, the methodology used in this thesis work presents an opportunity to investigate the energy consumption levels of different steps in traditional dishwashing processes and find potential targets for future reduction in water and energy usage. The study discovered that mechanical action, water quantity and the duration of the main cleaning cycle induce an equal reduction of around 4 logarithmic steps, when tested at room temperature. The main source of energy consumption during these experiments was found to be the spray arm pump with values 0.06 and 1.27 Wh per minute for the lowest and highest setting tested, respectively. The temperature increases caused the largest change in both logarithmic reduction and energy consumption. The highest achieved logarithmic reduction occurred during tests with a cleaning temperature of 75 ℃, with the value being roughly doubled to that of the tests at room temperature. The energy consumption values also drastically increase to a mean of 37 Wh during the heating part of the cycle. Overall, this method shows potential for discovering a combination of settings that can reduce the general energy consumption while retaining the antimicrobial efficacy of current programmes.}, language = {en} } @masterthesis{Coort, type = {Bachelor Thesis}, author = {Coort, Katharina}, title = {Rhizosphere and endophytic colonization of cover crops by entomopathogenic fungus Metarhizium brunneum}, school = {Hochschule Rhein-Waal}, abstract = {Species of the entomopathogenic fungal genus Metarhizium (Ascomycota: Hypocreales) are pathogenic to many arthropods, a trait that is utilized in agricultural pest control. Next to their pathogenic lifestyle, many Metarhizium species show plant root association. Due to the potential to improve efficiency in pest management by increasing abundance and persistence in the soil, and positively influence plant development by facilitating nutrient uptake as well as biotic and abiotic stress tolerance (e.g., droughts and diseases), interactions of EPF with plant roots represent valuable characteristics. EPF species Metarhizium brunneum is known for its virulence against wireworms, a major insect pest for example in potato farming, and has shown its root associating abilities before. To investigate its potential in cover crop applications, a recent approach to improve field efficiency in wireworm control, this experiment studied its root associations with seven different cover crop species. In a greenhouse pot trial, one-week-old seedlings were inoculated with M. brunneum isolate Cb 15-ǀǀǀ followed by bulk soil, rhizosphere, and root sampling 8 weeks later, and plating them onto semi selective nutrient agar. Bulk soil and rhizosphere populations were assessed by CFU counting while endophytic root colonization was determined by identification of colonies growing from root cut surfaces. Rhizosphere populations were on average 54 \% higher than bulk soil ii populations, indicating a substantial root association. Endophytic root colonization was observed with 4 out of 7 species. Amongst them were the two Brassicaceae species Raphanus sativus and Sinapis alba as well as grass species Lolium multiflorum which showed the overall highest root associations with M. brunneum. Rhizosphere populations of S. alba were noticeably lower than for all other species while still showing one of the highest internal root colonization rates which potentially originates from species-specific allelochemicals in the rhizosphere. There was a significant negative correlation between Metarhizium populations in the bulk soil and endophytic root colonization, which was interpreted with care considering some analytical constraints. Results from this experiment give insight into root associations of M. brunneum with cover crops and suggest suitable species for further investigation. Deeper understanding of complex interactions which influence plant-fungus relationships (e.g., competition with other soil microbes or the impact of agricultural practices), could improve the efficiency of corresponding products and facilitate additional applications and benefits (e.g. improved nutrient uptake and disease resistance) by utilizing EPF root associations.}, language = {en} } @masterthesis{Camacho, type = {Bachelor Thesis}, author = {Camacho, Monica}, title = {Urban Agriculture: an alternative to alleviate poverty and food insecurity in Panama}, school = {Hochschule Rhein-Waal}, abstract = {There is an evident global rapid urbanization which has also impacted Panama. People immigrate from rural areas to the cities because they are seeking for better economic opportunities and stability. Agriculture in the countryside, is in Panama a sector with low productivity and incentives. However, with an increasing urban immigration, issues such as food insecurity, in already vulnerable cities emerge. The interest of the study is to analyze the current scenario of Urban Agriculture in Panama and to link the existing gap with studies from different countries in the region that were selected. To measure the impact of Urban \& Peri-Urban and Family agriculture, studies which used the 'Food Insecurity experienced-based scales' as an assessment indicator, were included. Four out of five studies showed a positive correlation between households who produced their own food, and their Food Security levels. It is concluded that Urban Agriculture \& Peri-Urban and Family agriculture may not be systems that can substitute the traditional system on supplying enough food to feed everyone but with support from the estate and enough public policies it has the capability of supplying a good portion that can help alleviate food security and poverty levels.}, language = {en} } @masterthesis{Mooren, type = {Bachelor Thesis}, author = {Mooren, Timo}, title = {Sample Collection Method for a Dispenser-Integrated Germ Detection System in the field of Hand Hygiene}, school = {Hochschule Rhein-Waal}, abstract = {This bachelor thesis validates a demonstrator that had a sample collection method for a dispenser-integrated germ detection system in the field of hand hygiene. In addition, the temperature of the hand was analysed; this was taken from previous work by T.Mooren. The first task was to validate a different spray nozzle. Eight nozzles were analysed by their spray patterns and ranked. Further experiments were carried out with the highest ranked spray nozzle. Subsequently, an attempt was made to prove whether bacteria could be washed off. This was done with an experimental setup to simulate washing off the palm of the hand, realised in the frame scope of this work. Calibrated glass slides with and without bacteria were used to enable localisation of the same bacterial areas before and after. Afterwards, this procedure was expanded to analyse the behaviour of soap and foam bacteria. The drip tray was changed to obtain a high number of bacteria into the sensing device. An excellent visual representation had to be achieved, so a mini-microscope was used in the demonstrator. This mini-microscope was able to capture and display images of the washed-off bacteria sample generation visually. Different lenses and that securitisation versions were tested for the microscope. Within this, the resolution of the pixels could be improved. Also, the comparison between two different objectives were evaluated. A complete electronic system was then integrated into a disinfection dispenser. This included a Raspberry-Pi and microcontroller for programming and controlling the system. Other components were the mini-microscope, a pump, LED-strips, two-infrared sensors for temperature measurements and an LCD-screen for visualisation. Finally, a fully functional system was presented to the funding agency the VDI/VDE-IT and to the employees of Ophardt Hygiene AG. The system was able to wash bacterial samples from a hand or a slide and display them visually with a microscope; the temperature of the hand was taken too. This 1st demonstrator of the project will be set up soon for Ophardt Hygiene AG employees to test at the building entrance in order to valuate long-term stability and user-friendliness. Data for the further project phases will be collected and determined there.}, language = {en} } @masterthesis{Ratnayake, type = {Bachelor Thesis}, author = {Ratnayake, Osuri}, title = {A time - motion study of the production process and the areas to be optimized at an Agaricus bisporus farm}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:hbz:1383-opus4-12848}, school = {Hochschule Rhein-Waal}, pages = {92}, abstract = {Despite the challenges in food production during the Covid-19 pandemic, there has been a constant demand for champignons in Germany. With the need of improving production levels, a study was conducted at an Agaricus bisporus farm located in Geldern, Germany. The farm has two sites (A/B) which follow the traditional system of harvesting, and another site (site C) which follows a technically advanced work simplification approach. Time-motion studies were carried out to determine the most time-consuming activities and the areas that needed to be improved. The continuous sample method was chosen over work sampling in this study because picker and packer tasks (at site C) were frequent. Subsequently picking efficiencies of the farm were found by empirical data collection. Finally, strategies for improving production rates were created and prioritized using a SWOT analysis in conjunction with the Internal Factors Evaluation Matrix (IFEM), External Factors Evaluation Matrix (EFEM) and Quantitative Strategic Planning Matrix (QSPM). Significant results were obtained at sites A/B after changes in the logistics within the production process, with picking efficiency increasing from 39\% to 43\%. Technical issues at site C were significantly reduced after recipe settings were changed, and picking efficiency increased from 49 percent to 54 percent. The strategy with the highest priority level from the IFEM, EFEM, SWOT, and QSPM analysis was analyzing the pickers' performance over time. Undoubtedly, further research is a driving force behind the development of novel harvesting technologies in this field of agriculture.}, language = {en} } @masterthesis{Elsayed, type = {Bachelor Thesis}, author = {Elsayed, Ehab}, title = {Feasibility assessment of artificially LED lighted plant factories in Germany}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:hbz:1383-opus4-12869}, school = {Hochschule Rhein-Waal}, pages = {64}, abstract = {Theoretical literature review study going through the market and the industry status of artificially LED lighted plant factories in Germany. The aim of the study is to assess the feasibility, defining the challenges and opportunities of the industry while comparing it with the status of the industry in the countries that the PFAL industry status is advanced in. The study is trying to figure out the drivers behind this development in each country in addition to trying to find an answer why Germany doesn‟t have the same development and giving recommendations for the stallholders and decision makers. The study goes through, the market for status for the products, the current stallholders in the industry, the consumer behavior and the main cost components. It was found that the drivers of the industry in each country are variable. The market potential of the industry products do present in Germany. The comparison of some of the main cost components results showed that Germany have strength in warehousing and logistics costs components while Germany position in Energy and taxation costs were a weak points and the labor costs status were neutral, almost the same as the pioneer countries. The recommendations for the development requires more influence to be played from the Government, modification of the tax system and energy tariff, the establishment of educational institutes models and co operation with multinational German corporates.}, language = {en} } @misc{Lemmen, type = {Master Thesis}, author = {Lemmen, Samuel}, title = {Operational Effectiveness of Means Reducing Food Losses and Waste in Food Retail}, school = {Hochschule Rhein-Waal}, abstract = {Around the globe, high quantities of produced food do not meet their initial purpose of nourishing humans. Food losses and waste occur throughout food supply chains for various reasons, resulting in unsustainable economic, social and environmental behaviour. Several actors in the supply chain have responsibility to transfer food products from farm to fork, whereas each of them holds potential to reduce food losses and waste. Compared to other actors in the chain, retailers are in the exceptional position of selling items to consumers, commonly offering a huge variety of products. Retailers have power in the chain and are therefore seen as a promising stage where "means" tackling food losses and waste can be implemented. Besides the quantities that can be mitigated by the implementation of means, the adoption of these must be realistic in practice, too (i.e. practical feasibility). Together, the quantities mitigated and the practical feasibility are the determinants of the "operational effectiveness". Hence, the research objective is to analyse the operational effectiveness of means that can be applied by food retailers to reduce food losses and waste. The objective has been addressed by analysing ten individual means through a literature review, namely (1) improved forecasting, (2) lower order quantities, (3) avoiding rejections, (4) technologies enabling improved shelf life, (5) selling loose products, (6) price-reducing strategies, (7) reducing promotions, (8) alternative distribution pathways, (9) offering a reduced product range and (10) consumer education. Six means showed to "highly" mitigate food losses and waste, whereby five of these exhibit either a "low" or "inconclusive" practical feasibility. Alternative distribution pathways as well as price-reducingstrategies are frequently applied means by retailers and hold a "moderate" practical feasibility. Yet, the evaluation of means related to the use of packaging was mainly inconclusive, which can to some extent be explained by the lacking evidence and disagreements in previous research. Means like reducing promotions or offering a reduced product range appear to reduce food losses and waste, but stand in conflict with the marketing strategy of retailers and offer only a low practical feasibility. The same holds true for avoiding rejections. In that case, although retail standards are higher than required, these could also mitigate a transfer of waste. One of the key findings is that consumer education occurred to hold great future potential, because it showed to indirectly influence other means considered in this thesis, i.e. consumer understanding and acceptance are crucial for various means. Research concentrating on means tackling food losses and waste is limited, especially with focus on studies examining the (potential) impacts on retailing and suggests considerable research backlog.}, language = {en} } @masterthesis{Hoffmann, type = {Bachelor Thesis}, author = {Hoffmann, Julia}, title = {„Eine Analyse der betrieblichen Gesundheitsf{\"o}rderung in einem mittelst{\"a}ndischen Unternehmen mit Handlungsempfehlungen f{\"u}r ein betriebliches Gesundheitsmanagement"}, school = {Hochschule Rhein-Waal}, abstract = {Die vorliegende Arbeit analysiert die gesundheitsf{\"o}rdernden Maßnahmen des Chemieunternehmens Kao Chemicals GmbH und pr{\"u}ft, die Notwendigkeit ein betriebliches Gesundheitsmanagement einzuf{\"u}hren. Das Thema Gesundheit im Betrieb gewinnt auf Grund des demografischen Wandels, des Fachkr{\"a}ftemangels und den steigenden Gesundheitskosten f{\"u}r die Gesellschaft zunehmend an Bedeutung. Um die Mitarbeiter in einem Unternehmen gesund und dadurch leistungsf{\"a}hig zu halten, bieten Betriebe den Mitarbeitern verschiedene Gesundheitsf{\"o}rderungsprogramme an. Oftmals werden diese mit dem betrieblichen Gesundheitsmanagement gleichgesetzt. Dabei handelt es sich bei einem betrieblichen Gesundheitsmanagement um einen geplanten strukturierten Prozess, bei dem zu erreichende Ziele definiert werden. Durch die Planung von gezielten Maßnahmen, die Anpassung an Zielgruppen und die stetige Evaluation, kann dieser Prozess an die sich m{\"o}glichen ver{\"a}nderten Gegebenheiten in Unternehmen angepasst werden. Dies erm{\"o}glicht dem Arbeitgeber seine Mitarbeiter zu motivieren und in ihrer Gesundheit zu f{\"o}rdern. Dadurch wird das Unternehmen leistungsf{\"a}higer und sichert sich einen Vorteil gegen{\"u}ber der Konkurrenz. In einem betrieblichen Gesundheitsmanagement werden gesetzlich vorgeschriebene Aspekte des Arbeits- und Gesundheitsschutzes sowie dem betrieblichen Eingliederungsmanagement vereint. Im Rahmen dieser Arbeit werden drei Forschungsfragen aufgestellt und im Verlauf beantwortet. Zu Beginn wird der Frage nachgegangen, ob die angebotenen Maßnahmen zur Gesundheitsf{\"o}rderung ausreichend und zielf{\"u}hrend sind. Des Weiteren wird hinterfragt, ob das Unternehmen ein betriebliches Gesundheitsmanagement ben{\"o}tigt und im Anschluss er{\"o}rtert, wie ein betriebliches Gesundheitsmanagement im Unternehmen umgesetzt werden k{\"o}nnte. Dazu werden am Ende Handlungsempfehlungen f{\"u}r die Kao Chemicals GmbH verfasst. Zur Beantwortung der Forschungsfragen wurde die Methode der Sekund{\"a}rforschung verwendet. Dazu wurden bestehende Statistiken und Analysen der Kao Chemicals GmbH zusammengetragen, ausgewertet und mit bestehender Fachliteratur abgeglichen. Zum besseren Verst{\"a}ndnis der Umsetzung eines betrieblichen Gesundheitsmanagements werden zwei Beispiel aus der Fachliteratur beschrieben. Die Auswertung der Daten der Kao Chemicals GmbH ergaben, dass durch die Anpassung der Maßnahmen an definierte Zielgruppen und die klare Kommunikation von Zielen der Nutzen f{\"u}r die Mitarbeiter verdeutlicht und dadurch die Teilnehmerquote verbessert werden k{\"o}nnte. Auf dieser Basis konnten spezifische Handlungsempfehlungen zur Implementierung und Umsetzung eines betrieblichen Gesundheitsmanagements verfasst werden.}, language = {de} } @misc{Jimoh, type = {Master Thesis}, author = {Jimoh, Lena Mariam}, title = {Analyse und Handlungsempfehlungen zur Attraktivit{\"a}tssteigerung des betrieblichen Gesundheitsmanagements am Beispiel eines Softwareentwicklungsunternehmens}, school = {Hochschule Rhein-Waal}, abstract = {Ein erfolgreiches und etabliertes betriebliches Gesundheitsmanagement kann zahlreiche Vorteile mit sich bringen. So kann hierdurch beispielsweise die Reduktion von Krankheitszahlen, die Steigerung der Mitarbeiter- und Arbeitszufriedenheit oder aber auch die Erh{\"o}hung Wettbewerbsf{\"a}higkeit erreicht werden. In der Praxis stellt sich jedoch oftmals heraus, dass das betriebliche Gesundheitsmanagement nicht seine gew{\"u}nschten Effekte erzielt. Die Gr{\"u}nde daf{\"u}r sind z. B. die fehlende Attraktivit{\"a}t der Aktionen und Maßnahmen f{\"u}r die Angestellten, Motivationsh{\"u}rden hinsichtlich der Teilnahme oder aber auch zeitliche und personelle Engp{\"a}sse seitens des Unternehmens. Diese Masterarbeit hat das Ziel, das betriebliche Gesundheitsmanagement von Dassault Systemes 3DExcite zu analysieren und hinsichtlich der Bereiche Motivation, Akzeptanz, Hemmnisse und Kommunikation n{\"a}her zu untersuchen. Hierdurch sollen m{\"o}gliche Herausforderungen, H{\"u}rden und Teilnahmebarrieren aufgedeckt werden, die die Attraktivit{\"a}t des bestehenden betrieblichen Gesundheitsmanagements mindern und zur geringen Nutzung der Angebote und Maßnahmen beitragen. Um die Forschungsfragen zu beantworten, wurde eine schriftliche Befragung entworfen, die {\"u}ber eine Online Plattform durchgef{\"u}hrt wurde und an die Angestellten von 3DEXCITE gerichtet war. Das Ergebnis der Umfrage hat gezeigt, dass das betriebliche Gesundheitsmanagement bei 3DEXCITE einige Schwachpunkte aufweist. So sind z. B. die fehlende Identifikation mit den Maßnahmen, fehlende Zeit oder die unzureichende Informationsweitergabe als Gr{\"u}nde f{\"u}r die Nichtteilnahme angegeben worden. Weiterhin {\"a}ußerten die Befragten konkrete W{\"u}nsche, wie etwa Entspannungsangebote oder Verbesserungsvorschl{\"a}ge hinsichtlich der {\"U}berarbeitung des bestehenden B{\"u}roequipments. Als m{\"o}gliche Handlungsempfehlungen hierzu k{\"o}nnten beispielsweise eine Nutzwertanalyse zur besseren Auswahl geeigneter Maßnahmen dienen, oder aber auch die Einf{\"u}hrung eines Bonusprogramms, was zur Teilnahmeerh{\"o}hung durch die F{\"o}rderung der extrinsischen Motivation f{\"u}hren kann. Es empfiehlt sich nach Umsetzung der Empfehlungen eine Pr{\"u}fung der Wirksamkeit vorzunehmen und die Vorschl{\"a}ge entsprechend der Ergebnisse anzupassen.}, language = {de} } @masterthesis{Kowalczyk, type = {Bachelor Thesis}, author = {Kowalczyk, Marion}, title = {Analyse des Prozesses zur Digitalisierung und Umstrukturierung der Mitarbeiterpflichtschulungen mittels E-Learning-Management-System im Gesundheitswesen}, school = {Hochschule Rhein-Waal}, abstract = {Die folgende Arbeit thematisiert den Implementierungsprozess eines E-Learning-Management-Systems zur Gew{\"a}hrleistung der Mitarbeiterpflichtschulungen in einem Großunternehmen, dessen Kernaufgabe die Sicherstellung der Gesundheitsversorgung, Altenhilfe und Gesundheitsf{\"o}rderung darstellt. Ziel der vorliegenden Arbeit ist es, den Nutzen und das Potenzial des E-Learning-Management-Systems im Unternehmen sowie die Risiken und Chancen herauszuarbeiten und das betriebliche E-Learning voranzutreiben sowie eine Erkenntnis dar{\"u}ber zu gewinnen, ob sich die Implementierung eines E-Learning-Management-Systems attraktiv f{\"u}r Unternehmen gestaltet. Hierf{\"u}r wird der gesamte Implementierungsprozesses eines E-Learning-Management-Systems in den Einrichtungen der pro homine gGmbH im Rahmen eines Verbesserungsprojektes und in Anlehnung am PDCA-Zyklus dargestellt. Die im Verlauf erforderlichen Maßnahmen f{\"u}r eine erfolgreiche Implementierung werden erfasst und definiert, um anschließend Handlungsempfehlungen ableiten zu k{\"o}nnen. Die Ergebnisse der systematischen Literaturrecherche und die Beobachtungen w{\"a}hrend der Projektumsetzung im Unternehmen zeigen, dass neben der technischen Infrastruktur im Unternehmen, weitere organisatorische und prozessuale Entwicklungen, Ressourcen und Strategien erforderlich sind, um die Implementierung eines E-Learning-Management-Systems im Unternehmen erfolgreich umzusetzen.}, language = {de} } @masterthesis{Wujec, type = {Bachelor Thesis}, author = {Wujec, Priscilla}, title = {Chancen und Risiken einer CRISPR/Cas9 basierten Gentherapie an Duchenne Muskel Dystrophie und Zystischer Fibrose}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:hbz:1383-opus4-12940}, school = {Hochschule Rhein-Waal}, pages = {72}, abstract = {Hintergrund: Seit 2013 gewinnt das autonome Immunsystem der Bakterien CRISPR/Cas9 an Bedeutung f{\"u}r die Humanmedizin. Das System kann einen pr{\"a}zisen Schnitt in der DNA verursachen, gegebenenfalls neue Gene einsetzen. Mit CRISPR/Cas9 k{\"o}nnten krankheitsverursachende Gene potenziell ausgeschaltet und eine ph{\"a}notypische Verbesserung oder Heilung erm{\"o}glicht werden. Jedoch gibt es noch Herausforderungen, welche die Behandlungsm{\"o}glichkeiten in der konventionellen Humanmedizin limitieren. Ziel der Arbeit: Ziel dieser Arbeit ist eine Abhandlung {\"u}ber die Chancen, Risiken und Herausforderungen der Genschere CRISPR/Cas9 in der Humanmedizin an genetisch bedingten Erkrankungen am Beispiel von Duchenne Muskel Dystrophie und Zystischer Fibrose. Ergebnisse: CRISPR/Cas9 kann an CF humanisierten S{\"a}ugetiermodellen, sowie IPS Stammzellen eine Korrektur der F508 Deletion im CFTR Gen verursachen. Die Forskolin Schwellung ist nach Behandlung mit CRIPSR/Cas9 im S{\"a}ugetiermodell wiederhergestellt. Es trat ein Off-Target Effekt auf. Gleichwohl konnte eine Behandlung mit CRISPR/Cas9 am humanisierten S{\"a}ugetiermodell f{\"u}r DMD die Dystrophin-Expression wiederherstellen. Muskelkraft in Skelett- und Herzmuskulatur hat sich signifikant verbessert. Es kam zu On-Target Effekten und Immunreaktionen. Fazit: CRISPR/Cas9 hat das Potenzial genetische Mutationen zu korrigieren und die Gen-Expression zu retten. Weitere Studien m{\"u}ssen unternommen werden, um das Risiko von Off-Target Effekten zu minimieren, Langzeitwirkungen zu beobachten und Drug Delivery zu optimieren.}, language = {de} } @masterthesis{Wensor, type = {Bachelor Thesis}, author = {Wensor, Brianna}, title = {Start-up and operation of a continuous stirred tank reactor performing stable anammox process with Candidatus Brocadia fulgida}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:hbz:1383-opus4-12695}, school = {Hochschule Rhein-Waal}, pages = {66}, abstract = {Nitrogen removal from wastewater is an energy and resource intense operation. In response, anaerobic ammonium oxidising (anammox) bacteria are being increasingly applied as a cost effective and sustainable wastewater treatment. Despite their utilisation worldwide, very little is understood about kinetic parameters and factors impacting their niche differentiation. The lack of enriched planktonic cultures is limiting further investigations into anammox bacteria and the optimisation of wastewater treatment. In this study, a Continuously Stirred Tank Reactor (CSTR) inoculated with Candidatus Brocadia fulgida to obtain an enriched planktonic culture. Ca. Brocadia fulgida was selected due to Ca. Brocadias widespread application in Wastewater Treatment Plants (WWTPs), and the lack of planktonic cultures of this anammox species. The cultivation of anammox bacteria is a time-consuming operation, due to the slow growth rate. This operation was conducted for 84 days, and variety of analytical and microbial techniques were used to monitor bioreactor performance and anammox bacteria enrichment. An analysis of consumption and production patterns was performed to investigate anammox metabolism. Changes in the microbial community were also assessed, which indicated a culture enriched in anammox bacteria. The establishment of a planktonic culture enriched in Ca. Brocadia fulgida in a CSTR was not achieved, and further research is needed in order to successfully apply this innovative approach to anammox bacteria cultivation.}, language = {en} } @misc{Demand, type = {Master Thesis}, author = {Demand, Victoria Maria}, title = {Effect of the combination of fermentation and enzymatic hydrolysis on the functional properties, sensory profile and main allergens of pea protein isolates}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:hbz:1383-opus4-12700}, school = {Hochschule Rhein-Waal}, pages = {78}, abstract = {With a rising demand of ecological, healthy, safe and appealing protein alternatives, legumes, such as peas (Pisum sativum), become more and more important in the food industry as they can fulfil these demands to provide plant-based protein alternatives. To be successful on the food market, it is important to develop ingredients with no or low allergic potential, good functional properties, and appealing sensory characteristics. Treating pea protein isolates (PPI) with enzymatic hydrolysis (EH) and lactic acid fermentation (F) can result in high-quality protein alternatives. In this study, PPI was hydrolysed for 120 min with three different enzymes (papain, Esperase®, trypsin) in combination with a 24 h lactic acid fermentation (L. plantarum). The treatments were performed either with enzymatic hydrolysis first (HF) or with fermentation first (FH). The molecular weight distribution and the degree of hydrolysis (DH) were analysed to determine the treatment's effect on potential pea allergens. The protein solubility (PS), emulsifying capacity (EC), and foaming properties were investigated. The sensory profile was evaluated by 11 panellists, who ranked the samples by the attributes "plant-like" and "bitter". The FH combination samples with Esperase® and trypsin did not apparently show potential allergen fractions. The highest degree of hydrolysis of combined treatments was obtained by the HF_Esperase® sample (10.76 \%), whereas FH_papain showed the lowest (3.92 \%). The protein solubility was improved by all samples that were hydrolysed. At pH 7.0, HF_Esperase® increased the protein solubility up to 67.28 \% and the only fermented PPI showed the lowest (10.72 \%). At pH 4.5, FH_Esperase® showed the highest protein solubility (66.55 \%) and the fermented PPI the lowest (5.72 \%). The highest emulsifying capacity was reached by the untreated PPI (730 mL/g), whereas the lowest was reached by HF_Esperase®. The highest foaming capacity was shown by FH_trypsin (2575 \%) and the lowest by the fermented PPI (808 \%). The most stable foam was built by the untreated PPI (77 \%); any of the samples treated with Esperase® and trypsin were not able to form a stable foam. The most "bitter" sample was FH_Esperase® and the least was FH_papain. The untreated PPI was rated the most "plant like", whereas FH_trypsin was rated the least "plant like". Overall, the combination of EH and F changed the molecular weight distribution of the PPI, apparently degrading the potential pea allergens. The combinations of the treatments showed good functional properties and reduced pea characteristic flavour. The chosen enzyme as well as treatment conditions and sequence should be considered to develop high quality PPI ingredients.}, language = {en} } @masterthesis{Torzewska, type = {Bachelor Thesis}, author = {Torzewska, Agata}, title = {Method development for quantification of prescription drugs Fluphenazine and Flupentixol in serum.}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:hbz:1383-opus4-12715}, school = {Hochschule Rhein-Waal}, pages = {74}, abstract = {The LVR clinic in Viersen belongs to a group of nine psychiatric clinics in NRW, Germany. In the pharmacy laboratory, the therapeutic drug monitoring is offered for antiepileptic drugs (AED´s), neuroleptics and antidepressants. Fluphenazine and Flupentixol are used to relieve the symptoms of schizophrenia and other similar mental health problems. The purpose of this work is the development and validation of methods for quantitation of the neuroleptics Fluphenazine and Flupentixol, contained in human serum. Therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) is very important for a patient-matched therapy. TDM is applied to handle and direct the pharmacotherapy because of the pharmacokinetic differences between different individuals. The developed methods should be afterwards introduced into the daily routine of the laboratory. The analytical device used for this purpose is a Liquid Chromatography with a Mass Spectrometer (LCMS), with a Biphenyl Accucore separation column which is also used for other neuroleptics quantised. For Fluphenazine, an already existing in the laboratory sample precipitation method was used. Also, an already applied for other similar neuroleptics LCMS method, called "Biphenyl03_new" (lasting for 11 minutes, with a high gradient between the elution agents) was taken on, and resulted in a good linearity. In case of Flupentixol, a completely new method had to be established, in order to achieve a baseline separation of cis-Z-Flupentixol and trans-E-Flupentixol. For the sample preparation, a solid phase extraction method was developed. The established methods were then applied for quantitation of patient samples, and the stability of the measurements was proved. Also, the accuracy and precision of obtained results was tested in the Proficiency Test. Limit of quantitation achieved for Fluphenazine was 0,5ng/ml, whereas for Flupentixol the LOQ was 0,25ng/ml. The Limit of detection found was 0,05ng/ml for both substances. The development was successful for both analytes and the established methods were integrated into the daily routine of the laboratory.}, language = {en} } @masterthesis{Birkenbach, type = {Bachelor Thesis}, author = {Birkenbach, Gesa}, title = {Quantitative real-time PCR Detection of Yersinia ruckeri for Application in Aquaculture}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:hbz:1383-opus4-16361}, school = {Hochschule Rhein-Waal}, pages = {76}, abstract = {To detect pathogen infections in aquaculture early and reduce their impact, a photonic biosensing chip is being developed in the PHOTO-SENS project, to enable fast and easy routine testing in aquaculture facilities. One target bacterial pathogen is Yersinia ruckeri, the causative agent of enteric redmouth disease. Detection is based on short DNA sequences (probes), that are complementary to the DNA of their target pathogen. In this work, a Yersinia ruckeri-specific probe was designed together with a set of qPCR primers. The probe and primers were tested in qPCR experiments, including quantifi- cation of extracted DNA, specificity and sensitivity testing, and detection of bacterial DNA from highly diluted samples to mimic the detection of environmental DNA. Three different standard series were created for the quantification of unknown samples. The influence of fish tissue on detection was tested, and the efficiency of Chelex-DNA ex- tractions were compared to peqGOLD Tissue DNA Mini Kit extractions. During quantification experiments with a first standard series (Y1P), the quantification output of most samples was 12-175 times higher than expected. The lower limit of detection was at 100 copies based on that standard, with an efficiency of 88\%. The discrepancy was reduced with a gBlocks standard (limit of detection: 5 copies; effi- ciency: 92\%). A CFU standard provided quantification results in reasonable agreement with expected CFU starting quantities (limit of detection: 1 CFU; efficiency: 106\%). De- tection of diluted samples after filtration was possible. Chelex DNA extractions yielded higher amounts of detectable DNA compared to a DNA extraction kit. Less bacterial DNA was extracted in bacterial culture samples containing fish tissue than in samples that did not contain fish tissue. Higher-than-expected quantification outputs were attributed to flaws in the creation of a first standard series as well as detectable DNA from dead cells or clusters that were not accounted for in the expected starting quantities. The gBlocks standard was as- sumed to be most reliable for quantification of exact copy numbers, while the CFU standard produced results that could be accounted for in CFU counts. As these chal- lenges concerned the standard series' and not the probe itself, it was concluded that the probe was suitable for application in the PHOTO-SENS project for detection of Yersinia ruckeri.}, language = {en} } @masterthesis{Oesterwind, type = {Bachelor Thesis}, author = {Oesterwind, Ferdinand Clemens}, title = {Study on the Potential of Mob Grazing on Animal and Pasture Performance exemplified by an Organic Holstein Dairy Herd}, school = {Hochschule Rhein-Waal}, abstract = {Increasing adverse effects of climate change challenge Central European farmers. Severe precipitation deficits reduce fodder crop yields in livestock production and make grazing difficult. Understanding the effects of climate change and the impact grazing systems have on the environment is vital to economically utilize grassland. Mob grazing is a strategy that could provide an opportunity to ensure stable grassland yields during drought periods. Commonly used grazing systems, impact of climate change on pasture management and possible benefits of mob grazing are reviewed in this thesis. In addition, the effects of mob grazing on animal and pasture performance exemplified by an organic Holstein dairy herd are assessed in a field trial carried out at the Agricultural Chamber of North-Rhine Westphalia. The potential on animal performance is evaluated by milk yield and body condition. Pasture performance is determined by yield, sward height, pasture residues, and yield shares. Computation of milk yield from pasture allows for an interpretation of the potential of mob grazing in an interdisciplinary scope of pasture and animal performance. The research showed that mob grazing has the potential to achieve promising yields, regarding milk yield, pasture forage yield and milk production from pasture in comparison to conventional grazing systems. Mob grazing can provide resilience against potential consequences of climate change. It has the potential to be further adapted by farmers due to its economic and ecological advantages. To emphasize this, future research must focus on the effects of mob grazing on soil fertility, carbon sequestration and biodiversity.}, language = {en} } @misc{Vahrenhorst, type = {Master Thesis}, author = {Vahrenhorst, Nele Sarah}, title = {How to initiate transformative research on permaculture in the Lower Rhine valley? A framework developed based on the analysis of previous experiences}, school = {Hochschule Rhein-Waal}, abstract = {As climate change continues to have negative effects on agriculture, the European Commission calls for sustainable farming approaches as solutions to challenges associated with climate change and therefore propose living labs as a transformative, transdisciplinary and participatory research mode in order to enforce the resilience of farming systems. Permaculture is considered as an approach for the living lab at the Lower Rhine as it aims at integrating sustainable management practices and ethical principles to provide the framework for a holistic approach that could provide an alternative to current management practices and their negative effects on the region. The thesis at hand aims at establishing a living lab framework that allows involvement of regional stakeholders from a range of sectors in a regional network that is part of a trinity of projects that additionally include an on-site test area and a digital knowledge platform. By performing literature research and interviews with regional primary producers and experts of the field, the thesis proceeds to place the permaculture living lab in the currently available context of living lab categorizations and provides a detailed framework with step-by-step instructions to follow as well as a selection of aspects to keep in mind in order to initiate transformative research on permaculture in the form of a living lab in the Lower Rhine region. Apart from the needs of regional primary producers, existing networks and organizations relevant for the living lab are identified, as well as successfully implemented living labs in Zurich, Lisbon, Bern and New York whose objectives align at least partially with those of the future permaculture living lab that can provide experience and suggestions for the planning process.}, language = {en} } @masterthesis{Waller, type = {Bachelor Thesis}, author = {Waller, Ole}, title = {Evaluating the potential of mRNA vaccines for human rabies}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:hbz:1383-opus4-16737}, school = {Hochschule Rhein-Waal}, pages = {80}, abstract = {To this date, rabies is still one of the most fatal diseases worldwide and generates at least 59,000 deaths per year. Although current vaccines are safe and effective, RNA technology proposes improved vaccines that are potentially able to facilitate eradication of rabies until 2030. In this review, RNA vaccine candidates are evaluated for their potential to be effective against rabies and to be implemented in immunization programs. To understand the relevance of disease prevention, rabies virus and its function in the body is clarified. RNA technology is explained to comprehend its mode of action in the human immune system and its potential to be a vaccine platform. Comparison to existing vaccines showed advantages in several characteristics that are relevant for vaccine approval. RNA vaccines scored better in efficacy, stability, production, and dosing, but there is still room for improvements in terms of safety and tolerability. Theoretical potential is proven, but practical translation of RNA vaccines into clinical candidates requires more attention, as safety and tolerability are the leading limiting factor for approval of any new drug or vaccine. Producing a safe, stable and effective RNA vaccine does not necessarily ensure less rabies deaths, because rabies control strategies heavily rely on proper funding and availability in these rabies endemic region. Nonetheless, RNA vaccine technology offers potential solutions for the elimination of rabies.}, language = {en} } @masterthesis{Adib, type = {Bachelor Thesis}, author = {Adib, Lisa Marziyeh}, title = {The Impact of Urban Green Infrastructure on the Heat Island Effect in the Urban Centre of Kleve}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:hbz:1383-opus4-16748}, school = {Hochschule Rhein-Waal}, pages = {62}, abstract = {This thesis discusses the impact of urban green infrastructure on the heat island effect in the urban centre of Kleve. Green spaces are pivotal points when it comes to reducing inner-city temperatures in times of the climate crisis. Temperature measurements were taken in three different locations (campus, woods, field) and statistical analysis revealed a significant temperature difference between all three groups. On the campus of Rhine-Waal University an urban heat island could be detected, as during the night the temperatures there were significantly higher than in the two other locations. A tree inventory was conducted in the small forest grove and on the campus. It revealed slightly higher species diversity as well as larger height and diameter at breast height diversity in the small woods compared to the campus. The vegetation on the campus is not sufficient in alleviating the urban heat island effect. However, the vegetation in the woods shows a significant cooling effect on the air temperature. The main limitation of this thesis is that - since an observational method was used in the practical part - other variables than green infrastructure, such as air flow and blue infrastructure, were not measured. Nonetheless, they also affect the air temperature. This means that more research is necessary to define the influencing factors and their exact impacts. Regardless, the results show that denser and larger vegetation can mitigate the UHI compared to faculty trees on pavement, or a grass field. Urban green infrastructure should play a central role in city planning, and, when implemented correctly, can be a huge asset in combatting the climate crisis.}, language = {en} } @masterthesis{Stuckmann, type = {Bachelor Thesis}, author = {Stuckmann, Sabrina}, title = {In vitro Fleisch als Alternative zu konventionellem Fleisch}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:hbz:1383-opus4-17287}, school = {Hochschule Rhein-Waal}, pages = {91}, abstract = {Durch die wachsende Weltbev{\"o}lkerung kommt es zu einem steigenden Fleischkonsum, der mit unerw{\"u}nschten Folgen f{\"u}r die Umwelt und die Gesundheit sowie das Wohlergehen der Tiere einhergeht. Durch die konventionelle Fleischproduktion entstehen hohe Treibhausgasmengen sowie ein hoher Wasser- und Landverbrauch. Der Verzehr von verarbeitetem und rotem Fleisch erh{\"o}ht das Krebsrisiko und beg{\"u}nstigt die Entstehung von Herz-Kreislauf-Erkrankungen, Diabetes und Bluthochdruck. Bei der Aufzucht der Tiere werden zur Vermeidung von bakteriellen Infektionen Antibiotika eingesetzt, die Auswirkungen auf die menschliche Gesundheit haben k{\"o}nnen. Das Wohlergehen der Tiere ist aufgrund des hohen Stressniveaus durch schlechte Haltungsbedingungen nicht gegeben. Zur Verbesserung der Risiken durch konventionell hergestelltes Fleisch werden Alternativen erforscht. Ziel ist es die sensorischen und geschmacklichen Komponenten des konventionellen Fleisches nachzuahmen und eine Verbesserung der Gesundheit, Umwelt und das Wohlergehen der Tiere zu erzeugen. Neben den auf dem Markt erh{\"a}ltlichen pflanzlichen Fleischprodukten, deren Sensorik noch nicht ausgereift ist, befasst sich die Forschung mit der Entwicklung von in vitro Fleisch sowie Fleisch aus dem 3D-Drucker. Die Herstellung von in vitro Fleisch nach dem Tissue Engineering Verfahren entstammt der Stammzellenforschung und Gewebez{\"u}chtung. Stammzellen eines Tieres werden entnommen und mithilfe eines N{\"a}hrmediums, einem Ger{\"u}st und einem Bioreaktor zu Geweben kultiviert, die dem konventionellem Fleisch {\"a}hneln. Durch das Hinzuf{\"u}gen von Komponenten wie z.B. Vitamine oder gesunde Fette kann die Sensorik und der Geschmack des in vitro Fleisches verbessert werden. Der Verbrauch von Land und die Umweltbelastung durch Treibhausgase sind geringer als bei der konventionellen Fleischherstellung. Dennoch stellen sich bei der in vitro Fleischproduktion noch offene Herausforderungen in Bezug auf die Umwelt, Gesundheit und Sensorik. Damit in vitro Fleisch auf dem Markt zugelassen werden kann, muss die Sicherheit des Produktes gew{\"a}hrleistet sein. Die Verbraucherakzeptanz ist eingeschr{\"a}nkt, da wenig Informationen und Studien zu den Auswirkungen auf die Umwelt und Gesundheit vorliegen, die auf bewiesenen Ergebnissen beruhen. Weitere Forschungen sind n{\"o}tig, um die Akzeptanz zu erh{\"o}hen und die H{\"u}rden zu {\"u}berwinden. Die vorliegende Arbeit soll einen {\"U}berblick {\"u}ber den aktuellen Forschungsstand von in vitro Fleisch als Alternative zu konventionellem Fleisch geben.}, language = {de} } @masterthesis{Jeory, type = {Bachelor Thesis}, author = {Jeory, Dylan Nathaneal}, title = {PRODUCTION OF IMPROVED OIL PALM BY-PRODUCT (OIL PALM FROND) AS ANIMAL FEED THROUGH SOLID STATE FERMENTATION WITH PLEUROTUS OSTREATUS}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:hbz:1383-opus4-17118}, school = {Hochschule Rhein-Waal}, pages = {49}, abstract = {The increasing development and production of oil palm plantation in South-East Asian's countries has led to the production of large quantities of biomass by-products. These by-products however are mostly fibrous in nature and they can hardly be valuable to be used as animal feed. Oil palm frond (OPF) is one of the oil palm's by-product which are widely available, yet the utilization is hindered due to its high fibre content. In this study, the oil palm fronds, specifically the petiole part of it will be improved to be used as animal feed using solid state fermentation technique at the Faculty of Sustainable Agriculture (FSA) in Sandakan, Sabah by using Pleurotus ostreatus. The study was carried out to produce 30kg of treated OPF and to see if solid state fermentation technique using the mentioned fungus has the effect on the OPF. Cultivated Pleurotus ostreatus that are ready for inoculation was obtained from FSA fungus collection. It was then inoculated at the FSA general laboratory. For the OPF, they were collected from the oil palm farm in Telupid and they were ground into smaller and fine particles. 650 g of ground OPF was then be filled in the mushroom bag. For each mushroom bag, it was inoculated with one plate of Pleurotus ostreatus, and then all the samples were kept in the Mushroom House for fermentation. Samples were harvested after eight weeks. Dry matter, moisture content, organic matter and ash content of OPF, before and after fermentation were then evaluated in the lab. Dry matter and organic matter of treated OPF were found out to be decreasing while its moisture content and ash content were increasing. Solid state fermentation did take place on the OPF and 30 kg of treated OPF with Pleurotus ostreatus was managed to be produced.}, language = {en} } @misc{Rode, type = {Master Thesis}, author = {Rode, Carolina}, title = {Die Arbeitssituation von Berufskraftfahrern - eine empirische Analyse und daraus abgeleitete Handlungsempfehlungen in einem internationalen Transport- und Logistikunternehmen}, school = {Hochschule Rhein-Waal}, abstract = {Hintergrund - Die vorliegende wissenschaftliche Arbeit verfolgt das Ziel, verschiedene Einflussfaktoren der Arbeitssituation von Berufskraftfahrern in einem internationalen Transport- und Logistikunternehmen zu ermitteln. Ferner gilt es daraus gesundheitsf{\"o}rderliche und pr{\"a}ventive Maßnahmen abzuleiten. Aufgrund der Arbeitst{\"a}tigkeit des Fahrens außerhalb des Betriebsstandortes, bedarf es insbesondere vor dem Hintergrund des betrieblichen Gesundheitsmanagements einer zunehmenden Fokussierung der Berufsgruppe der Berufskraftfahrer. Die fahrende Arbeitst{\"a}tigkeit erschwert dementsprechend die Erreichbarkeit f{\"u}r betriebliche Gesundheitsf{\"o}rderung. Methode - Das methodische Vorgehen basiert auf einer qualitativen Forschung mittels halbstandardisierten Interviews. Das Untersuchungskollektiv umfasst 22 von 87 (N=22) Berufskraftfahrern. Die qualitative Studie zielt auf die Erhebung von explorativen Ergebnissen zur Erfassung der Arbeitssituation von Berufskraftfahrern ab. Resultierend aus der qualitativen Erhebung erfolgt, in Anlehnung an eine Arbeitssituationsanalyse, ein Konzept um zielgruppenspezifische L{\"o}sungsvorschl{\"a}ge abzuleiten. Hierbei dient eine Online-Kurzumfrage als Priorisierungsgrundlage f{\"u}r neun Themenbereiche (N=65). Mithilfe der Kurzumfrage wurde schließlich ein Workshop zum Thema „Belastungen und L{\"o}sungsfindung f{\"u}r bessere und ges{\"u}ndere Arbeitsbedingungen" zu den wichtigsten f{\"u}nf Themenbereichen durchgef{\"u}hrt (N=8). Schlussfolgerung - Die Arbeitssituation nimmt einen erheblichen Einfluss auf die physische und psychische Gesundheit von Berufskraftfahrern. Besonders Einflussfaktoren in der Arbeitsorganisation und -umgebung, wie die Organisation zwischen Fuhrpark und Disposition, die Kommunikationsstrukturen und die Fahrzeugauswahl, als auch die entgegengebrachte Wertsch{\"a}tzung, sind entscheidende Faktoren f{\"u}r Wohlbefinden, Arbeitszufriedenheit, Gesundheit und folglich f{\"u}r die Wertsch{\"o}pfung im Unternehmen. Daraus resultierend, werden verschiedene Handlungsmaßnahmen, wie beispielsweise abteilungs{\"u}bergreifende Workshops oder die Einf{\"u}hrung eines Gesundheitstages empfohlen.}, language = {de} } @unpublished{DumenuAppiahPauletal., author = {Dumenu, William Kwadwo and Appiah, Louis Gyekye and Paul, Carola and Darr, Dietrich}, title = {Should forest enterprises formalize? Insight from a multi-dimensional characterization of informal baobab enterprises}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:hbz:1383-opus4-17172}, pages = {102935 -- 102935}, abstract = {Knowledge of the structure and characteristics of informal forest enterprises is critical to determining the most appropriate course of action for their development and formalization. This study characterizes and develops a typology of informal microenterprises in the Malawian baobab processing sector; and assesses factors influencing their entry into the informal sector. Drawing on the analysis of firm-level data from 305 informal baobab pro- cessors, cost and complexity of registration, smallness (scale) of the business, and necessity-driven motivations were identified as key factors influencing informality. Coupling principal component and cluster analyses, three typologies of informal microenterprises were identified and characterized namely; high performance-survival phase enterprises (type 1), moderate performance-survival phase enterprises (type 2), and low performance-start-up phase enterprises (type 3). Annual net profit (earnings), firm age, and the extent of adoption of formal systems and controls explained the inherent segmentation. The segmentation suggests a dualism compromising of an upper- and lower-tier enterprises characterized by strong involuntary entry into the informal forest sector. For policy implications, we argue that the upper-tier enterprises (types 1 and 2) be targeted with business development programmes to promote their growth while, the lower-tier (type 3) targeted with skills development and social support.}, language = {en} } @misc{Maak, type = {Master Thesis}, author = {Maak, Kristin}, title = {Identifizierung von Optionen zur Verwertung von Eierausfall aus der Produktion von gekochten, gef{\"a}rbten Eiern}, school = {Hochschule Rhein-Waal}, abstract = {Das Ziel der vorliegenden Arbeit mit dem Thema „Identifizierung von Optionen zur Verwertung von Eierausfall aus der Produktion von gekochten, gef{\"a}rbten Eiern" ist es, anhand von Literaturrecherche und praktischen Laborversuchen verschiedene Optionen zur Verwertung von Eierausfall des Unternehmens Moos-Butzen aufzuzeigen. Weiterhin sollen m{\"o}gliche Vor- und Nachteile dieser, insbesondere im Hinblick auf die Qualit{\"a}tserhaltung, aufgezeigt werden. Identifiziert wurde die Herstellung eines Eiweiß- und Eierschalenpulvers, sowie die direkte Vermarktung des Eierausfalls ohne zus{\"a}tzliche Verarbeitung und die Verf{\"u}tterung an Insekten im Rahmen der Gewinnung einer Proteinquelle. Es empfiehlt sich vor allem die Verarbeitung zu Pulver mit Verwendung im Lebensmittelbereich und die Verf{\"u}tterung an Insekten. Die Implementierung einer Weiterverwendung des Eierausfalls sollte insbesondere unter dem Aspekt einer Kreislaufwirtschaft unbedingt fortgesetzt werden.}, language = {de} } @masterthesis{Murugesu, type = {Bachelor Thesis}, author = {Murugesu, Patmanjalie N}, title = {Production and Characterization of Polyhydroxyalkanoate Bioplastic from Palm Sludge Oil}, school = {Hochschule Rhein-Waal}, abstract = {The use of plastics has skyrocketed since its discovery in the 1900s and it can now be seen everywhere across the globe being used for many domestic as well as industrial applications. The overuse along with the unwise behaviour of discarding this material has caused negative impacts to the environment such as degradation of ecosystem affecting the flora and fauna of the Earth as well as giving rise to heavily fluctuating climatic conditions. As an attempt to combat the undesired outcomes from the use of these commodity plastics, many researches were devoted to the development of bioplastics made from natural resources that are fully biodegradable. Polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA), a type of biodegradable bioplastic that possesses many types of monomers has gained the limelight due to its ability to be accumulated naturally in various different microorganisms under certain nutrient limiting conditions. In particular, the copolymer of this PHA, Poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyhexanoate), P(3HB-co-3HHx), has been studied vigorously due to its prominent resemblance to the commodity plastic on the basis of physical and mechanical properties. Nevertheless, the production of this copolymer was bottlenecked by the high cost of production in which most of it is contributed by the cost of carbon source used. Therefore, many researches were performed in testing cheap and renewable resource especially oilbased material as it has been reported to result in high yields of this PHA synthesized. This study focuses on the use of a by-product of the palm oil industry, which is the palm sludge oil (PSO) in the making of this PHA copolymer using a recombinant strain of Cupriavidus necator; a natural producer of this polymer. In addition to that, monomeric and physical characterisation of the PHA synthesized was performed in order to assess the PHA bioplastic produced from this possible feedstock.}, language = {en} } @masterthesis{Hawas, type = {Bachelor Thesis}, author = {Hawas, Takwa}, title = {Chancen und Risiken der CAR-T-Zellen in der onkologischen Immuntherapie}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:hbz:1383-opus4-16513}, school = {Hochschule Rhein-Waal}, pages = {75}, abstract = {Bei der CAR-T-Zell-Therapie erhalten Patient*innen nach einer Leukapherese autologer T-Lymphozyten ihre eigenen T-Zellen zur{\"u}ck, die vor der Behandlung mittels viraler Vektoren die chim{\"a}ren Antigenrezeptoren, engl. Chimeric Antigen Receptor (CAR), transduziert bekommen. Bereits Stunden nach der Zellinfusion und in den folgenden Wochen expandieren die CAR-T-Zellen und sind in der Lage, das Antigen spezifisch zu binden und die Tumorzellen zu zerst{\"o}ren. CAR-T-Zellen haben sich in Therapien gegen h{\"a}matologische Tumore als spektakul{\"a}r wirksam erwiesen. Doch die vielversprechende Behandlung hat ihre Grenzen und ihren Preis. Drei große Herausforderungen begrenzen derzeit ihren Erfolg im Bereich solider Tumore: Antigenerkennung, Migration und {\"U}berleben in der Tumormikroumgebung. CAR-T-Zell-Therapien z{\"a}hlen auch mit Kosten von etwa 300 Tausend Euro immer noch zu den teuersten Verfahren in der Medizin. Eine intensivere Forschung im Bereich der Dysfunktion des Immunsystems in der Tumormikroumgebung stellt ein notwendiger Schritt zur {\"U}berwindung von H{\"u}rden bei der Behandlung von soliden Tumoren mit CAR-T-Zellen dar. Angemessene finanzielle sowie gesetzliche Anreize und die Einf{\"u}hrung optimierter Herstellungsprozesse, multidisziplin{\"a}rer und pr{\"a}diktiver Ans{\"a}tze und zeitgem{\"a}ßer Tools der Biotechnologie und Bioinformatik in den klinischen Alltag zur pr{\"a}diktiven Krebsmodellierung sind ebenso wichtige Grundvoraussetzungen f{\"u}r eine wirtschaftliche Ausweitung des Einsatzes von CAR-T-Zellen. Anderenfalls w{\"u}rden Gesundheitssysteme die Kosten sowie die Komplexit{\"a}t nicht mehr stemmen k{\"o}nnen und diese lebensrettende CAR-T-Zell-Therapien w{\"u}rden außerhalb der Reichweite der Patienten bleiben, die es wirklich brauchen.}, language = {de} } @masterthesis{Geurts, type = {Bachelor Thesis}, author = {Geurts, Nick}, title = {Photodecompostion of Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate Using a UV/H2O2 Reactor with Ultraviolet-C Light Emitting Diodes}, school = {Hochschule Rhein-Waal}, abstract = {Anionic surfactants are used in many common household products, such as dishwashing detergents or soaps. Sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) is one of the most prominent surfactants and can cause substantial damage to the environment. Removal from wastewater is therefore a significant problem. This thesis investigates the photochemical decomposition of SDS using ultraviolet-c light emitting diodes (UV-C LEDs) and hydrogen peroxide. The experiments were performed with a surfactant concentration of 10 mg L which is actually found in wastewater after hand washing. Direct exposure to UV radiation to destroy organic compounds is generally seen as inefficient and consumes a large amount of energy. Adding hydrogen peroxide significantly increased the destruction rate due to the UV-induced formation of hydroxyl radicals. It was also investigated how the effectiveness of the reactor can be further increased. The use of a photocatalyst (titanium dioxide) improved the removal efficiency of SDS substantially. The data generated in this work indicates that using UV-C LEDs in a UV/H2O2 reactor works, and the process was significantly more efficient than only UV radiation. The ease of handling the diodes and implementing them into the reactor offers a significant advantage over other light sources. The standard SDS determination method is known to be very time-consuming. Therefore, a new approach was developed. This technique works faster than the commonly used one and has a low standard deviation. Photodecomposition of the investigated impurity is possible. In the future, development will concentrate on the realisation and system integration of UV/H2O2 reactors, as a common technology in the product family of OPHARDT Hygiene AG.}, language = {en} } @masterthesis{Sadeghi, type = {Bachelor Thesis}, author = {Sadeghi, Yasaman}, title = {Fermentation production process of hyaluronic acid}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:hbz:1383-opus4-16618}, school = {Hochschule Rhein-Waal}, pages = {58}, abstract = {Hyaluronic acid is an anionic and naturally produced polysaccharide with an unbranched formation, with two alternating disaccharide units (β-1, 3-N-acetyl glucosamine, and β-1, 4-glucuronic acid), which has various medical and pharmaceutical applications due to its wide variety of unique and natural functions and characteristics. Hyaluronan is essential in treating joint diseases by reducing inflammation in osteoarthritic joints, from which so many people suffer worldwide, and the demand for this product is increasing. The industrial production of hyaluronic acid has improved over time. The industrial production process is primarily based on the extraction of hyaluronic acid from animal tissues and the biotechnological application of microorganisms for hyaluronic acid biosynthesis that produce high molecular weight hyaluronan molecules. Using microorganisms is the most favorable method for large-scale hyaluronic acid production. This study focuses on designing hyaluronic acid production using Streptococcus zooepidemicus and SuperPro Designer to obtain a suitable yield of injectable HA to treat knee-related problems. Two cases have been developed. Case A is the baseline scenario, mainly focused on producing injectable hyaluronic acid, and case B is an elevated and optimized scenario to achieve a higher amount of injectable HA. Both processes include upstream processing, primary recovery, purification, production of injectable hyaluronan, and isopropanol distillation. The upstream section contains the fermentation process and the inoculum preparation by seed training. The fermentation step was set to work in fed-batch mode, and aeration was applied to increase the final yield. The primary recovery section encompasses crossflow filtration. This process starts with the centrifugation of the broth in disk-stack centrifugation, and purification includes Granular Activated Carbon adsorption, isopropanol precipitation, basket centrifugation, diafiltration, spray drying, and freeze-drying. Ultimately, the cost of raw materials, labor, equipment purchase, annual operating, waste treatment, and utilities are analyzed in the economic evaluation. The selling price was estimated to be \$2000 per kg of HA for the cosmetic industry and \$50,000 per kg for injections. Additionally, sensitivity analysis is performed to predict the outcome of any changes in a variable and assist the producers in decision-making processes.  }, language = {en} } @misc{Luthmann, type = {Master Thesis}, author = {Luthmann, Sarah}, title = {Physician Assistants - Rechtliche Lage, Wirtschaftlichkeit und Einsatz am Beispiel des Evangelischen Krankenhaus Wesel}, school = {Hochschule Rhein-Waal}, abstract = {Im Gesundheitswesen, wird das Thema Fachkr{\"a}ftemangel zunehmend zum Problem. Um insbesondere dem {\"A}rztemangel entgegenzutreten, wird verst{\"a}rkt auf Arztassistenzberufe gesetzt. Daher ist es notwendig den gesetzlichen Rahmen und die zwischenmenschlichen Aspekte des Einsatzes von bspw. Physician Assistants zu verstehen. Das Ziel der vorliegenden Arbeit ist es zu beantworten, welchen Spielraum es bei der Delegation {\"a}rztlicher T{\"a}tigkeiten an nicht-{\"a}rztliches Personal gibt, wie die Zusammenarbeit zwischen den unterschiedlichen Berufsgruppen abl{\"a}uft und wie sich der Einsatz von Physician Assistants im Vergleich zu medizinischen Fachangestellten wirtschaftlich darstellt. Um die Forschungsfragen zu beantworten, wurden Experteninterviews mit Angeh{\"o}rigen verschiedener medizinischer Berufsgruppen im Krankenhaus gef{\"u}hrt, zus{\"a}tzlich ist eine Literaturrecherche erfolgt. Es wurden Pflegekr{\"a}fte, Physician Assistants sowie {\"a}rztliches Personal befragt. Deren Aussagen wurden dann im Kontext der Literatur sowie mit den Aussagen eines Fachanwalts f{\"u}r Medizinrecht diskutiert. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass die Delegation von {\"a}rztlichen T{\"a}tigkeiten an nicht-{\"a}rztliches Personal unter bestimmten Voraussetzungen m{\"o}glich ist. Die Delegation ist jedoch bei T{\"a}tigkeiten, die unter Arztvorbehalt stehen, begrenzt. In diesen F{\"a}llen k{\"o}nnen lediglich vorbereitende oder assistierende Aufgaben durch nicht-{\"a}rztliche Mitarbeitende erfolgen. Die Zusammenarbeit mit Physician Assistants mit dem Pflegedienst ist sehr gut. Beim {\"a}rztlichen Dienst h{\"a}ngt diese von den individuellen Erfahrungen und der Hierarchieebene ab. Außerdem zeigen die Ergebnisse, dass Physician Assistants im Vergleich zu Medizinischen Fachangestellten einen Mehrwert bei der Arztentlastung bieten, der sich unter gewissen Voraussetzungen auch wirtschaftlich auszahlt. Weiterf{\"u}hrende Forschungen k{\"o}nnten den Einsatz von Physician Assistants im ambulanten Bereich des Gesundheitssektors untersuchen.}, language = {de} } @masterthesis{Abdelazim, type = {Bachelor Thesis}, author = {Abdelazim, Ahmed}, title = {A Structured Classification and Evaluation of Current and Future Treatments for Systemic Lupus Erythematosus}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:hbz:1383-opus4-16960}, school = {Hochschule Rhein-Waal}, pages = {62}, abstract = {Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) is a heterogeneous autoimmune disease that has a variety of manifestations and is therefore difficult to find a treatment for. Several advances have occurred in the field of SLE drug discovery, especially since the publishing of the first Genome Wide-Associated Studies in 2005. More than one hundred loci were found to be involved in the disease. Subsequently, the treatments were aimed towards tackling the pathways that were found after the uses of modern genetic techniques. Historically, the FDA approved only two drugs for treatment until the approval of Belimumab in 2011. Ten years later, two more drugs were approved in the same year, with few more drugs expected to receive approval in the near future. This study aims to evaluate the efficacy of these future drugs in addition to the ones considered to be milestones in the treatment of SLE, finding Anifrolumab to be the most promising drug currently on the market for treatment of moderate to severe SLE and Obinutuzumab to be the drug to watch.}, language = {en} }