@misc{AjitkumarShah, type = {Master Thesis}, author = {Ajitkumar Shah, Karan}, title = {Development of Decision-making Model for Cost Optimization of Heat Exchanger on the Basis of Spreadsheet Programs}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:hbz:1383-opus4-9114}, school = {Hochschule Rhein-Waal}, pages = {62}, abstract = {The current advancements in the field of heat exchangers have expanded their range of applications in many industries. The most important factor while investing in the heat exchanger is sizing them for a particular application. The sizing of a shell and tube heat exchanger is always a challenge, often causing customers to invest in either an oversized or undersized heat exchanger. The purpose of this study is to solve the customer's conundrum of investing in an appropriate size shell and tube heat exchanger. The objectives of this study were (a) to develop and implement a spreadsheet program for optimization of overall heat transfer coefficient of shell and tube heat exchanger, (b) to determine profitability analysis using the Net Present Value (NPV) method, (c) to analyse the price sensitivity using the Monte Carlo simulation. The iteration and optimization are based on Kern's method. The user defines the process parameters such as the temperature of hot and cold streams, mass flow rates and fluid densities. The user also assumes the tube related properties. The final sizing of the shell side is determined along with Reynolds number and pressure losses on the shell and tube side. The pressure losses are then converted into the operating cost of the heat exchanger to determine NPV. The Monte Carlo simulation calculates 1000 different NPVs for a given scenario, thus facilitating the user's crucial decision-making process. This study is probably a first instance to combine preliminary sizing of the shell and tube heat exchanger with price sensitivity analysis using the Monte Carlo method.}, language = {en} } @misc{SaxenaAbdelhamidAllametal., author = {Saxena, Udit and Abdelhamid, Seifeldin and Allam, Youssef Hossam Esmat Khaled and Ali, Ahmed Moosa Abdulla Mohamed}, title = {Solem Sunshade System}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:hbz:1383-opus4-8967}, pages = {3}, abstract = {This project completed the design of a portable and adaptive sunshade with automated sun movement compensation that emulates the sun's natural path throughout the day. The design concept comprises of a closed loop feedback control system where light dependent resistors will be utilized as sensory components sending a microcontroller feedback signals containing information regarding the sun's light incident intensity. If the sun's light intensity decreases from a pre-specified intensity value, the microcontroller will send a signal to the relevant motor, adjusting the position of the sunshade. Two separate poles will control the movement of the sunshade. The lower pole is fixed and inserted inside a plate, rotating around its own axis dictated by a stepper motor, hence allowing rotation that follows the sun's natural azimuth angle. The upper pole is connected to the lower pole through a pin joint and will follow the sun's natural elevation angle dictated by a second stepper motor. Aluminium Alloy 6061 was chosen as our pole material due to its relatively high strength to weight ratio in addition to its durability, consequently achieving the desired portability and long lifespan of the product. Assessments conducted throughout this project proved the material's ability to support the design structure and external loads subject to it. The structure will be foldable and be conveniently carried with a multifunction bag with simple installation steps to make the product user friendly. Initially the product will be tested in Germany and if met with success, will further expand to global markets located in coastal regions. The estimated total price for one unit is 914.99 euros. Our product pitch, design concept, and features are presented in an audio-visual format and is awarded the Science Communication 'Gold Leaf Prize' for an outstanding online video presentation on July 6th, 2021 in the category of 'Audience Choice'.}, language = {en} } @misc{ChetamunAmraouzaHuseynlietal., author = {Chetamun, Ishwaree-Devi and Amraouza, Asmaa and Huseynli, Ilkay and Rizvi, Syed-Muhammad-Mujtaba-Hussain}, title = {WATER-IT Smart Sprinkler}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:hbz:1383-opus4-7694}, pages = {3}, abstract = {Although smart irrigation systems are being extensively used for several years now, little effort have been dedicated towards sprinklers with wind compensation, resulting in many sprinklers in the market having less optimal design. Thus, this project aims to improve the existing sprinklers by including wind compensation. To reduce the effect of wind on the irrigation pattern, the sprinkler velocity and radius of throw need to be adapted to the wind's velocity and direction. Our control valve box contains seven major components. Wind and rain sensors that will collect the weather conditions, an LCD where irrigation time will be displayed, additionally to a microcontroller communicating with a second MC at the sprinkler head box via Bluetooth and controlling an electrically actuated ball valve and solenoids connected to inline pressure reducers. These three latter components play an important role in supplying proper water conditions for the sprinkler by adjusting the pressure and water flow. The position of our sprinkler's nozzle will be detected with a magnetometer and compared to wind direction. The servo motor will rotate the sprinkler and this latter will start irrigating in a 180° pattern for couple of minutes before rechecking again all the conditions. When the sprinkler nozzle is facing the wind the velocity of throw will be increased, and after it is rotated and is in the same direction as wind, the velocity of throw will be reduced, because wind is already assisting the water droplet reach its radius. If the wind velocity is larger than the threshold value, or if it is raining, the system will not start although the switch is turned on. Our product pitch, design concept, and features are presented in an audio-visual format and is awarded the Science Communication 'Bronze Leaf Prize' for an outstanding online video presentation in the category of 'Audience Choice' on January 26th, 2021.}, language = {en} } @misc{SarachiniMorenoRomeroTarietal., author = {Sarachini, Leart and Moreno-Romero, Lina-Maria and Tari, Niloufar and Tchoumpmi-Tchoumpmi, Mc-Larry}, title = {OASIS Sprenger}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:hbz:1383-opus4-7245}, pages = {3}, abstract = {Our goal is to create a water-efficient sprinkler for residential gardens that is easy to use and responsive to weather conditions. The package comes with two wind sensors - i.e. wind vane and anemometer, which are mounted on a pole. The pole can be placed anywhere in the garden as long as the portable sprinkler stays within a range of 100m. When switched on, the controller on the sprinkler gets continuously updated with the current wind speed and direction using wireless transceivers. The sprinkler can also be controlled through an app on a smartphone. Simple commands such as ON/OFF switch, as well as timers for autonomous watering are possible to set up. For example, setting up the system to water the garden at sunrise, which has been suggested by experts as the most effective time to irrigate plants. Morning irrigation, on the one hand, supplies the grass and plants with enough water to sustain high temperature during the daytime and on the other hand, prevents fungal disease growth and different insects from harming the plants during the night by reducing moisture. Therefore, our sustainable irrigation system not only takes into consideration water conservation, but also provides best methods for having healthy plants in a garden. Our competitive advantage is that our sprinkler is made of durable materials and will save household costs as a long-term investment with efficient water usage methods. There are no other sprinklers in Germany that match our design and usability, which makes our product unique in the market. We will start production and sales in Germany with plans to later expand into the European, North American, and Asia-Pacific region.}, language = {en} }