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Prior research studies on supplier selection factors assess vendor reputation as a low ranked criterion. Reputation in these articles, however, only refers to the position in the industry, without considering the role of the final customer. Our results from a survey with 565 individuals suggest that the end user as a stakeholder should be also considered when analyzing a vendor’s prestige. We demonstrate that a supplier’s standing has negative as well as positive reputational effects on the buyer. Depending on the relevance of the purchased good as well as the reputation of the supplier and the buyer, low/high-ranked ingredients significantly decrease/increase the final customer’s perception of the buyer.
In this paper, we study the effect of skill-biased technological change on unemployment and wage inequality in the presence of a link between social benefits and average income. In this case, an increase in the productivity of skilled workers and hence their wage leads to an increase in average income and hence in benefits. The increased fallback income, in turn, makes unskilled workers ask for higher wages. As higher wages are not justified by respective productivity increases, unemployment rises. More generally, we show that skill-biased technological change leads to increasing unemployment of the unskilled and to a moderately increasing wage inequality when benefits are endogenous. The model provides a theoretical explanation for diverging dynamics in wage inequality and unemployment under different social benefits regimes: Analyzing the social legislation in 14 countries, we find that benefits are linked to the evolution of average income in Continental Europe but not in the U.S. and the UK. Given this institutional difference, our model predicts that skill-biased technological change leads to rising unemployment in Continental Europe and rising wage inequality in the U.S. and the UK....
"Gazellen" - schnell wachsende Jungunternehmen: Definitionen, Forschungsrichtungen und Implikationen
(2012)
Schnell wachsende Jungunternehmen – bildlich als “Gazellen“ bezeichnet – sind von großer Bedeutung für die positiven ökonomischen Effekte, die man mit Entrepreneurship verbindet. Dennoch ist der Begriff der "Gazelle" in der Literatur noch nicht annähernd einheitlich definiert. Dieser Beitrag macht mit den wesentlichen Begriffsdefinitionen vertraut und unterzieht diese einer kritischen Würdigung. Es werden vier grundsätzliche Forschungsrichtungen identifiziert, die sich um das Thema “Gazellen“ etabliert haben: (1) phänomenologische Beschreibungen, (2) volkswirtschaftliche Wirkungen, (3) Rahmenbedingungen ihrer Entstehung (externe Erfolgsfaktoren), sowie (4) Gründungs- und Wachstumsmanagement (interne Erfolgsfaktoren). Ein Überblick über die Literatur soll einen vertiefenden Einstieg in die Thematik erleichtern. Abschließend werden definitorische Forderungen, Probleme bei der Auswahl von Stichproben und Empfehlungen für die zukünftige Erforschung von schnell wachsenden Jungunternehmen formuliert.
Entrepreneurship Education between Theory and Practice: Reflections on Case Study Based Teaching
(2013)
This article suggests an extended use of the case study methodology in teaching entrepreneurship in Germany. In Germany, the traditional form of formal lectures seems still to be predominant in Entrepreneurship Education. Case studies as a teaching methodology can serve the many dualities of Entrepreneurship Education: heterogeneous vs. homogeneous prior knowledge of participants, participants’ divergent interests in entrepreneurship courses, from simply collecting credits to theoretical interest to practical and urgent interest in practical skills for starting a venture. The advantages of case study based teaching methodology in transmitting theoretical knowledge as well as practical skills in entrepreneurship is described, based on the evidence in state of the art entrepreneurship research literature. A small explorative survey on case studies in Entrepreneurship Education is presented. Descriptive results generate insights in students perspective on the usefulness of the case study based teaching methodology in comparison with traditional lectures and provide hints for a more elaborated future empirical study that could employ a proper model on the effectiveness and advantages of case study based learning. The authors conclude in encouraging an increase in the usage of case study based teaching in Entrepreneurship Education especially in Germany.
In this chapter we explore four alternatives to the dominant discovery view of entrepreneurship; the development view, the construction view, the evolutionary view, and the Neo-Austrian view. We outline the main critique points of the discovery presented in these four alternatives, as well as their central concepts and conceptualization of the entrepreneurial function. On this basis we discuss three central themes that cut across the four alternatives: process, uncertainty, and agency. These themes provide new foci for entrepreneurship research and can help to generate new research questions and connect otherwise fragmented empirical findings. Implications for future research and practice are discussed at the end of the chapter.
The authors study the relation between workers' age and their productivity in work teams, based on a new and unique data set that combines data on errors occurring in the production process of a large car manufacturer with detailed information on the personal characteristics of workers related to the errors. The authors correct for non-random sample selection and the potential endogeneity of the age-composition in work teams. The results suggest that productivity in this plant which is typical for large-scale manufacturing does not decline at least up to age 60. (C) 2016 Published by Elsevier B.V.
Im angelsächsischen Sprachraum und in Skandinavien ist die Analyse von Analogien und Metaphern fester Bestandteil der Entrepreneurship-Forschung. Für den deutschen Sprachraum fehlen jedoch entsprechende Studien. Der vorliegende Aufsatz trägt dazu bei, diese Forschungslücke zu schließen. In einer Stichprobe von 50 deutschen Zeitungs- und Zeitschriftenartikeln zum Thema Entrepreneurship wurden 210 Analogien und Metaphern erfasst. Im Wesentlichen werden Sprachbilder aus zehn Quelldomänen genutzt, um Entrepreneurship zu versinnbildlichen und die Rolle von Entrepreneuren zu beschreiben: Fortbewegung, Natur, Handwerk, Krieg und Kampf, Familie, Anatomie, Sport, Bühne-Film-Medien, Seefahrt sowie Mythologie und Religion. Die Analyse mündet in die Ableitung eines auf der konzeptuellen Metapherntheorie basierenden Gesamtmodels, das das Verständnis von Entrepreneurship explizit macht, welches durch die Verwendung von Analogien und Metaphern ausgedrückt wird.
To broaden the operational scope of monetary policy, several authors suggest cash abolition as an appropriate means of breaking through the zero lower-bound. We argue that the welfare costs of bypassing the zero lower-bound by getting rid of cash entirely are analytically equivalent to negative interest rates on cash holdings. Using a money-in-the-utility-function model, we measure in two ways the welfare loss consumers as money holders would be forced to bear once the zero lower-bound is broken: in terms of the amount needed to compensate consumers (compensated variation), and as excess burden (deadweight loss) imposed on the economy as a whole. We calibrated the model for the euro area and for Germany. Our findings suggest that the welfare losses of negative interest rates incurred by consumers as holders of cash and transaction balances (M3) are large and enduring, notably if implemented in the current low-interest rate environment.
Does productivity decline with age? Does population aging harm economic growth? We exploit process-generated data from a large and typical service-sector company. We find no decline in average productivity in the age range of 20–60. This result is precisely measured. Our innovative identification strategy corrects for sample selection, endogeneity of age composition and age-cohort confounding. Our big data are essential to extract the signal from the noise that has marred many previous studies. While average productivity stays flat, we find variation according to task complexity. Productivity increases with age in teams with more demanding tasks and decreases in routine tasks.