Lebenswissenschaften und Ethik
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Therapieabbruch oder -unterbrechung erhöhen das Risiko von Krankheitsschüben in der MS-Behandlung (Ennis et al., 2008). Der Abbruchanteil für die immunmodulatorische Basistherapie mit COPAXONE® betrug 2008 in den ersten drei Monaten bis zu 30 % (COPAKTIV Schwestern-Service, 2008), worauf das Aktiv-mit-MS-Patientenbetreuungsprogramm, eine begleitende pflegerische Fachberatung und ein Servicetelefon, installiert wurde. Die Auswirkungen der Zusammenarbeit innerhalb des Teams und mit Ärzt/innen sowie die peer-to-peer Beratung in einem Online-Forum auf Therapietreue und Krankheitsbewältigung der Patient/innen wurde im Längsschnitt untersucht. Ein Methoden-Mix wurde erfolgreich zur Evaluation der pflegerischen Multiprofessionalität eingesetzt. Es zeigte sich, dass die Angebote im Betreuungsprogramm zu einer Verminderung der Abbruchquote führten und die Patient/innen eine gute Therapietreue einhalten.
Hintergrund
Das Internet im Allgemeinen und digitale soziale Netzwerke im Speziellen entwickeln sich zunehmend zu wichtigen Informationsquellen für Gesundheitsinformationen; dies gilt auch für Informationen im Kontext der Behandlung von Kinderwunschpatienten. Erste Studien zeigen, dass die Betroffenen nicht nur nach sachlichen Informationen, sondern auch nach emotionalem Beistand suchen. Ob insbesondere digitale soziale Netzwerke in Ergänzung oder in Konkurrenz zu klassischen Informations- und Beratungsangeboten stehen, ist noch unklar.
Methode
Um eine vorläufige Antwort hierauf geben zu können, wurde eine Literaturstudie erstellt, mit der die wichtigsten empirischen Aussagen bzgl. der Nutzungsweisen von Internet und digitalen sozialen Netzwerken eruiert werden sollten. Dies wurde mithilfe einer Keyword-Suche in Literaturdatenbanken und anschließendem Schlagwort-Snowballing umgesetzt.
Ergebnisse
Informationen und Beratung aus dem Internet und aus digitalen sozialen Netzwerken können als Ergänzung der ärztlichen Expertise angesehen werden, stellen aber keinen Ersatz dar. Insbesondere digitale soziale Netzwerke ergänzen soziale Nahbeziehungen und das Verhältnis zum behandelnden Arzt und werden in Zukunft noch an Wichtigkeit zunehmen.
Schlussfolgerung
Für die professionell Tätigen im Bereich der Reproduktionsmedizin könnte dies ein Hinweis auf Defizite in Bezug auf Beratung und Behandlung sein, dem in Zukunft durch eigene neue Angebote begegnet werden sollte.
Background. The Internet in general and digital social networks in particular are increasingly important sources for health information; this also applies to information in the context of treatment of patients wishing for a baby. Initial studies show that patients are not only looking for factual information but also for emotional support. Whether digital social networks add to or compete with classical information and consulting is still unclear.
Methods. In order to provide a preliminary answer to this question, a literature study was conducted to determine relevant empirical findings regarding the use of the Internet and digital social networks. This was done using a keyword search in literature databases and then keyword snowballing.
Results. Information and advice from the Internet and from digital social networks can be seen as an addition to medical expertise, but are not a substitute. Digital social networks, in particular, supplement social peer groups and the relationship with physicians and will become even more important in the future.
Conclusion. For professionals active in the field of reproductive medicine, this could be an indication of deficits with regard to counseling and treatment, which in the future might be countered by providing new services.
Die Einstellungen von Asylsuchenden gegenüber Berufsorientierung, Familie, Geschlechterrollen, Religion und religiöser Toleranz sind häufig Gegenstand kontroverser Diskussion geworden und sie spielen eine wichtige Rolle innerhalb der Sozialen Arbeit. Im Rahmen des Forschungsprojekts "Asylsuchende in Bayern" wurden Asylsuchende und Expert_innen danach befragt, jedoch auch zu ihrer Motivation, in Deutschland ihren Platz zu finden und zu ihren Zukunftserwartungen.
This study examines attitudes toward assisted reproductive technologies (ART) among immigrant women and non-migrants in Germany. The social relevance of ART is increasing in Western countries due to overall low birth rates, a high rate of childlessness, and a gap between the desired and the actual numbers of children. Previous literature has been scarce, however, on attitudes toward ART, and immigrant minorities have rarely been included in studies on ART.
Our working hypotheses are drawn from theoretical considerations on political socialisation and cultural integration. The analysis is based on data collected in a pilot study in 2014 and 2015. The sample includes 960 women aged 18 to 50 living in Germany. About 81 percent of the sample are immigrants who originate from Turkey, Poland, the Balkan countries, or countries of the (Russian) Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS). We study the social norm to use ART to have a child, the personal attitude of whether a woman would use ART herself, and the methods that they would consider for their own use.
Our results show that ART is overall socially acceptable, and the majority of women said that they would use it if necessary. There is significant variation between the origin groups, however. Non-migrants show the lowest acceptance rates and migrants from Poland and Turkey the highest approval. There is also variation in the ART procedures considered for use with the migrants more approving of heterologous methods than non-migrants. The differences between the origin groups diminish only partly when controlling for further explanatory variables, i.e. gender-role attitudes, religiosity, and socio-demographic characteristics of the respondents.
We conclude that attitudes toward ART are shaped less by socio-demographic characteristics, but rather by cultural factors and the socialization in the migrants' countries of origin. The diversity in attitudes toward ART by cultural background should be acknowledged in research and public discourses on ART as well as in regulating policies.
This study examines attitudes toward assisted reproductive technologies (ART) among immigrant women and non-migrants in Germany. The social relevance of ART is increasing in Western countries due to overall low birth rates, a high rate of childlessness, and a gap between the desired and the actual numbers of children. Previous literature has been scarce, however, on attitudes toward ART, and immigrant minorities have rarely been included in studies on ART.
Our working hypotheses are drawn from theoretical considerations on political socialisation and cultural integration. The analysis is based on data collected in a pilot study in 2014 and 2015. The sample includes 960 women aged 18 to 50 living in Germany. About 81 percent of the sample are immigrants who originate from Turkey, Poland, the Balkan countries, or countries of the (Russian) Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS). We study the social norm to use ART to have a child, the personal attitude of whether a woman would use ART herself, and the methods that they would consider for their own use.
Our results show that ART is overall socially acceptable, and the majority of women said that they would use it if necessary. There is significant variation between the origin groups, however. Non-migrants show the lowest acceptance rates and migrants from Poland and Turkey the highest approval. There is also variation in the ART procedures considered for use with the migrants more approving of heterologous methods than non-migrants. The differences between the origin groups diminish only partly when controlling for further explanatory variables, i.e. gender-role attitudes, religiosity, and socio-demographic characteristics of the respondents.
We conclude that attitudes toward ART are shaped less by socio-demographic characteristics, but rather by cultural factors and the socialization in the migrants’ countries of origin. The diversity in attitudes toward ART by cultural background should be acknowledged in research and public discourses on ART as well as in regulating policies.